identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
273DB909FFF7B0541FE2FD7924AEFE52.text	273DB909FFF7B0541FE2FD7924AEFE52.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Carpiradialis Niño-Maldonado & Clark 2020	<div><p>Carpiradialis ~ Nino-Maldonado and Clark, new genus</p><p>zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 9A1577BB-69A8-4E5D-A22F-029B0C7CCF50</p><p>Diagnosis. The most distinctive feature of this genus is the metathoracic tibia of the male. Nearly opposite the terminal spur, the tibia is distally prolonged into a large, blade-like extension (Figs. 3G, H). Using the diagnostic key of Clark (1998), these beetles would be identified as Pseudoluperus (couplet 7 or 13), from which they can easily be distinguished by the above-mentioned prolongation.</p><p>Description. Form elongate oval (Figs. 1A, 2A). Frontal tubercles distinct, subtriangular to subtrapezoidal; frontal calli distinct, delimited above by distinct depression; gena short, with length no greater than width of terminal maxillary palpomere; antenna nearly filiform. Pronotum laterally carinate, with sparse setae along carina; anterior margin with dense row of short setae, lacking bead; posterior margin with row of dense setae, with bead very fine or absent. Elytra each with well-developed humeral callus, delimited by depression; basal calli poorly indicated; epipleuron wide in basal half, narrow in distal half. Prosternal process very narrowly separating procoxae; procoxal cavities open posteriorly. Each tibia of female equipped with short terminal spur; male with short terminal spur present on hind tibia, either present or absent on front and middle tibiae; male hind tibia prolonged distally to form blade-like structure (Figs. 3G, H); tarsal claws appendiculate. Aedeagus symmetrical in dorsal view.</p><p>Type Species. Carpiradialis pueblensis Ni~ no-Maldonado and Clark, new species .</p><p>Etymology. The name of this new genus refers to the remarkable extension of the posterior tibia of the male. Gender: Masculine.</p><p>Comments. The diagnostic key of Clark (1998) emphasized the presence or absence of a bead along the posterior margin of the pronotum. However, this character varies in this new genus, being either very fine yet discernable in one species and missing in the other. Even so, we believe that the two species are closely related and should be classified in the same genus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/273DB909FFF7B0541FE2FD7924AEFE52	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Niño-Maldonado, Santiago;Clark, Shawn M.	Niño-Maldonado, Santiago, Clark, Shawn M. (2020): Carpiradialis, New Genus, and Two New Species from Mexico (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (3): 563-571, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.3.563, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.3.563
273DB909FFF6B0521D9EFE2F2503FC1A.text	273DB909FFF6B0521D9EFE2F2503FC1A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Carpiradialis pueblensis Niño-Maldonado & Clark 2020	<div><p>Carpiradialis pueblensis Ni~ no-Maldonado and Clark, new species</p><p>zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: DC964747-C36C-4434-BC5F-EF5FD15D0E70</p><p>(Figs. 1A–C, 3A–C, G)</p><p>Diagnosis. This species is much larger than the only other known species of the genus (5.1–7.0 vs. 3.0– 3.2 mm long), and the elytra are weakly costate and distinctly vittate, with a pale area between the posthumeral vitta and the epipleuron (Figs. 1A, C). Moreover, the prolongation of the male hind tibia is apically truncate (Fig. 3G), and the aedeagus is apically bilobed (Figs. 3A, B).</p><p>Description of Holotype (Male). Form elongate oval; length 5.1 mm; width 2.3 mm across elytral humeri, 2.3 mm at mid-length of elytra, 2.1 mm at base of elytral declivity. Color largely yellow, but with dark pronotal maculae and elytral vittae (as in Figs. 1A–C).</p><p>Head largely yellow, but with vertex black; apices of mandibles, as well as distal palpomere of maxillae and labium, black. Vertex very finely punctate, with punctures hidden among alutaceous microsculpture; sulcus along upper margin of eye equipped with long, white setae; frontal calli subtriangular, poorly defined laterally, 0.3 mm long, 0.1 mm wide, largely separated from each other by wide frontal carina, but nearly contiguous dorsoposteriorly, hardly elevated above plane of flat frontal carina; antennal fossae circular, 0.2 mm in diameter, separated from each other by distance subequal to diameter; gena very short, with length less than width of distal maxillary palpomere. Each eye 0.5 mm long, 0.3 mm wide; interocular distance equal to 0.64 maximum width of head. Labrum yellow, subtrapezoidal, 0.4 mm long, 0.6 mm wide; six setae present distally, three on each side. Basal palpomeres of maxillae and labium with abundant long setae.</p><p>Antennae nearly filiform, extending slightly beyond middle of elytra, each measuring 3.6 mm in total length. Antennomeres 1–3 dark brown dorsally, yellow ventrally; antennomeres 4–11 black, covered with many appressed setae, with a few white, erect setae. Antennomere lengths (mm) from 1 to 11 as follows: 0.5, 0.2, 0.4, 0.4, 0.4, 0.3, 0.3, 0.3, 0.3, 0.3, 0.3.</p><p>Pronotum transverse, slightly arched, widest (1.6 mm) slightly anterior to mid-length, less wide (1.5 mm) near posterior margin, narrowest (1.4 mm) near anterior margin (head therefore 0.3, 0.1, or 0.4 mm narrower than prothorax, depending on point of measurement); surface smooth; anterior and posterior margins lacking bead, but with many short, white setae; lateral margin clearly carinate, sparsely setose; color yellow, with five black spots (as in Fig. 1A); lateral spots largest, 0.7 mm long, 0.4 mm wide; small spot (0.2 mm long, 0.2 mm wide) present mesally between bases of lateral spots; beginning between distal portion of lateral spots and thence extending anteriorly, two additional spots present, each 0.4 mm long, 0.3 mm wide. Scutellar shield black, impunctate, shining, subquadrate, 0.3 mm long, 0.4 mm wide.</p><p>Elytral length 3.8 mm; combined width 2.3 mm across humeri, 2.1 mm at mid-length, 2.1 mm at base of distal declivity. Humeral calli well developed; basal calli discernible, although poorly differentiated; area behind calli with several weak, longitudinal costae. Surface smooth, mostly glabrous, but with a few scattered, white setae on distal declivity. Color largely yellow, each elytron with two black vittae; first vitta subsutural, well defined, extending from scutellar shield to elytral apex, 0.4 mm wide along much of length, narrower on distal declivity; second vitta 0.4 mm wide, extending from base of humeri to distal declivity, broadly separated from apex and epipleuron. Epipleuron visible in lateral view; basal third pale yellow, broad; distal portion narrow, dark brown to black, with sporadic white setae.</p><p>Venter largely yellow, lateral areas of metathorax darker. Pro-and mesothoraces largely glabrous; metathorax covered with long, dense, white setae. Procoxal cavities open posteriorly. Abdomen medially glabrous or with a few white setae, elsewhere covered with long, white setae; terminal ventrite with a deep medial impression, and apically with rectangular lobe.</p><p>Legs largely yellow; metathoracic tibiae darker, with apices nearly black; metathoracic tarsi nearly black. Front femur 1.2 mm long; front tibia 1.4 mm long; middle femur 1.2 mm long; middle tibia 1.4 mm long; hind femur 1.6 mm long; hind tibia 1.7 mm long, with blade-like prolongation distally (Fig. 3G). Terminal spur absent from front and middle tibiae, present on hind tibia. Basal tarsomere of front and middle legs swollen, subrectangular, with shiny, ventral adhesive pad; basal tarsomere of hind leg narrowly triangular, slightly broadening from base to apex, without ventral adhesive pad. All legs covered with long white setae, most abundant on the tibiae and tarsi.</p><p>Aedeagus symmetrical in dorsal view, abruptly narrowed slightly before bilobed apex, with lateral preapical incisions (Fig. 3A); length 1.7 mm; width 0.3 mm. In lateral view, aedeagus curved (Fig. 3C)</p><p>(0.4 mm from dorsal edge at highest point to imaginary line from apicoventral tip to basoventral extreme).</p><p>Variation. The body size varies considerably, from 5.1 to 7.0 mm long. In some specimens, the basomedial spot of the pronotum is only vaguely indicated. In females, all tibiae are equipped with a terminal spur; the basal tarsomere of all legs is narrowly triangular, slightly broadening from base to apex and with the ventral surface densely setose and not shiny; the remarkable prolongation of the hind tibia is lacking; and the abdominal apex is rounded or slightly pointed.</p><p>Holotype. “ MEXICO: Puebla \ Mpio: Zapotitlán Salinas \ 1 km N San Juan Raya \\ 18° 190 1100, 97° 360 5000 \ 19-vii-2011, R. Jones \ 1755 m, Matorral” (male, BYUC) .</p><p>Paratypes. Same data as holotype (1 female, BYUC; 1 female, FIC-UAT); MEXICO, Puebla, Municipio Zapotitlán Salinas, 2 km S. La Venta, 18- VII-2011, R. W. Jones (1 female, FIC-UAT) .</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the Mexican state of Puebla, where the specimens in the type series were collected.</p><p>Comments. Although much larger and differently colored than the only other known species of the genus, the prolongation of the male hind tibia is quite similar for the two species. The general appearance of the insects and basic form of the aedeagi are also similar.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/273DB909FFF6B0521D9EFE2F2503FC1A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Niño-Maldonado, Santiago;Clark, Shawn M.	Niño-Maldonado, Santiago, Clark, Shawn M. (2020): Carpiradialis, New Genus, and Two New Species from Mexico (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (3): 563-571, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.3.563, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.3.563
273DB909FFF0B05F1D94FB9A2072FEB5.text	273DB909FFF0B05F1D94FB9A2072FEB5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Carpiradialis tamaulipensis Niño-Maldonado & Clark 2020	<div><p>Carpiradialis tamaulipensis ~ Nino-Maldonado and Clark, new species</p><p>zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 9E6D0237-C8EB-4F6D-9915-F41FF91B446E</p><p>(Figs. 2A–C, 3D–F, H)</p><p>Diagnosis. This species is much smaller than the only other known species of the genus (3.0–3.2 vs. 5.1–7.0 mm long), and the elytra are either unicolorous dark, or pale with only the marginal areas darkened (as in Figs. 2A, C). Moreover, both the aedeagus and the prolongation of the male hind tibia are apically pointed (Figs. 3D, E, H).</p><p>Description of Holotype (Male). Form elongate oval; length 3.0 mm; width 1.3 mm across elytral humeri, 1.57 mm at mid-length of elytra, 1.4 mm at base of elytral declivity (as in Fig. 2A). Vertex, central area of pronotum, margins of elytra, metaventrite, and abdomen dark brown; clypeus, margins of pronotum, disc of elytra, ventral areas of prothorax, and legs pale brown (as in Figs. 2A–C).</p><p>Head largely dark brown; frontal ridge, clypeus, ventral areas, and mouthparts pale brown. Vertex largely smooth, glabrous; frontal calli smooth, subtriangular, 0.2 mm long, 0.1 mm wide, delimited above by well-marked depression, mesally contiguous; interocular distance equal to 0.6 times maximum width of head; antennal fossae 0.1 mm in diameter, separated from each other by distance subequal to diameter; genae with length subequal to width of maxillary palp. Eyes oblong, approximately 1.4 times as long as wide (0.3 mm long, 0.2 mm wide).</p><p>Antennae nearly filiform, extending to near middle of elytra. Color largely dark brown; antennomeres 10–11 and ventral areas of 1–4 paler. Antennomeres 1–3 comparatively sparsely setose; antennomeres 4–11 densely setose; antennomere lengths (mm) from 1 to 11 as follows: 0.2, 0.1, 0.1, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2.</p><p>Pronotum 1.5 times as wide as long (1.0 mm wide, 0.6 mm long), widest slightly anterior to midlength; anterior part of pronotum 1.1 times as wide as head; shape slightly arched transversely, with weak depression on each side; surface distinctly punctate, glabrous; anterolateral and posterolateral angles each with one comparatively long white seta, plus smaller white setae; anterior margin lacking bead, densely bordered with extremely short, inconspicuous, white setae; lateral margin strongly carinate; posterior margin with very fine bead, densely bordered with short white setae. Scutellar shield subtriangular, dark brown, glabrous, shiny; length 0.2 mm; width at widest point 0.2 mm.</p><p>Elytra pale yellowish brown, broadly margined with dark brown along basal, lateral, and distal areas (as in Figs. 2A, C). In dorsal view, elytra together 1.6 times as long as wide; length 2.9 mm; width across humeri 1.3 mm, at mid-length 1.5 mm, at base of distal declivity 1.4 mm. Humeral calli well developed; basal calli faintly indicated; longitudinal costae absent. Surface distinctly punctate throughout, with interpunctural distances subequal to diameters of punctures. Epipleuron wide basally, visible in lateral view, narrowing from basal third toward apex; sparse white setae present.</p><p>Ventral areas brown, with head, prothorax, and mesothorax paler than metathorax and abdomen. Pro- and mesothoraces largely glabrous; metathorax and abdomen setose. Prosternum anterior to coxae short, with length subequal to distal width of front tibia; procoxae very narrowly separated from each other by prosternal process; procoxal cavities open posteriorly. Mesothorax impunctate, glabrous. Metaventrite rather sparsely covered with white setae; metanepisternum densely covered with white setae. All abdominal ventrites smooth, densely covered in long, white setae; terminal ventrite apicomedially impressed, with very short rectangular lobe at apex.</p><p>Legs yellowish brown, paler than abdomen. Femora covered with white setae; front femur 0.6 mm long; middle femur 0.5 mm long; hind femur 0.8 mm long. Tibiae densely setose, each armed with small terminal spur; front tibia 0.6 mm long; middle tibia 0.6 mm long; hind tibia 0.7 mm long (plus 0.2 mm long distal prolongation); distal prolongation of metatibia apically pointed, 0.1 mm wide at widest part (Fig. 3G). Tarsi densely setose; basal tarsomere slightly broader distally than basally, slightly shorter than following tarsomeres combined (0.3 vs. 0.4 mm); tarsal claws appendiculate.</p><p>Aedeagus symmetrical in dorsal view, distally narrowed to apical point, 1.0 mm long, 0.2 mm wide (Fig. 3D). In lateral view, aedeagus curved (Fig. 3F) (0.2 mm from dorsal edge at highest point to imaginary line from apicoventral tip to basoventral extreme).</p><p>Variation. Specimens measure 3.0– 3.2 mm long. The color varies from entirely dark brown to light brown with the pronotal disc and the elytral margins dark. In some of the paler specimens, the dark pronotal marking is subdivided into several illdefined blotches. Females lack the prolongation of the hind tibia and the lobed fifth ventrite.</p><p>Holotype. “ MEXICO: TAMAULIPAS \ RESERVA EL CIELO \ LOCALIDAD 15-10 \ 26/03/ ~ 2004 \ S. NINO Y T. ORNELAS ” (male, BYUC) .</p><p>Paratypes. MEXICO, Coahuila, 15 mi. SE Saltillo, hwy. 57, 20-VI-1983, C. W. &amp; L. O’ Brien &amp; G. Marshall (1 male, 6 females, EGRC) ; MEXICO, Hidalgo, 2 mi NW junction Hwy. 105 on road to Parque Nacional El Chico, 11-V-1983, L. O’ Brien, G. B. Marshall (1 male, FIC-UAT) ; MEXICO, Hidalgo, 5 mi. W Tulancingo, el. 7300 ft., 11-VI-1967, S. L. Wood (1 male, BYUC) ; MEXICO, Nuevo León, Cerro Potos´ı, 12,1000, 1- VI-1987, R. Turnbow (1 male, EGRC) ; MEXICO, Nuevo León, Cerro Potos´ı 3658 me nr. Galeana, 1- VI-1987, R. Anderson, R. Turnbow, pine forest (1 male, TAMU) ; MEXICO, Nuevo León, 14 mi. W Iturbide, 11-IV-1979, T. P. Friedlander &amp; J. C. Schaffner (4 males, TAMU) ; MEXICO, Puebla, 10 mi. S Matamoros, 5000 ft., 14-VI-1967, S. L. Wood (1 male, BYUC) ; MEXICO, Tamaulipas, Municipio Gómez Far´ıas, San José, 1350 m, 15-III-1988, P. Kovarik, R. Jones (1 female, BYUC) ; MEXICO, Tamaulipas, Municipio Gómez Far´ıas, 2 km SW San José, 1350 m, 16-III-1988, P. W. Kovarik, R. W. Jones (1 male, BYUC; 1 male, FIC-UAT) ; MEXICO, Tamaulipas, Municipio Tula, La Presita, Ca~ nón de Coyote, 1900 m, 16-III-1987, P. Kovarik, R. Jones, R. Trevino (13 males, 6 females, BYUC; 5 males, 4 females, FIC-UAT) ; MEXICO, Tamaulipas, Municipio Victoria, Altas Cumbres, 14-III-1987, R. Jones &amp; P. Kovarik (4 males, 2 females, TAMU) ; MEXICO, Tamaulipas, Municipio Victoria, Altas Cumbres, 1200 m, 17-III–11-V-1987, P. Kovarik, R. Jones, carrion pitfall (1 male, TAMU) ; MEXICO, Tamaulipas, summit above Julilo, approx. 1,767 m elev., 25–26-VI-1980, E. G. Riley (1 male, 1 female, EGRC) .</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the Mexican state of Tamaulipas, where many of the specimens were collected.</p><p>Comments. Although the beetles are much smaller and differently colored than C. pueblensis, the tibial prolongation of the male is similar. The aedeagi are also of a similar appearance.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/273DB909FFF0B05F1D94FB9A2072FEB5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Niño-Maldonado, Santiago;Clark, Shawn M.	Niño-Maldonado, Santiago, Clark, Shawn M. (2020): Carpiradialis, New Genus, and Two New Species from Mexico (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (3): 563-571, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.3.563, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.3.563
273DB909FFFDB05F1FFBFE3420D6FCA7.text	273DB909FFFDB05F1FFBFE3420D6FCA7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Carpiradialis Niño-Maldonado & Clark 2020	<div><p>KEY TO THE SPECIES OF CARPIRADIALIS</p><p>1. Size large, 5.1–7.0 mm long; elytra weakly costate, pale with subsutural and posthumeral dark vittae (Fig. 1A); prolongation of male hind tibia apically truncate (Fig. 3G); aedeagus apically bilobed (Figs. 3A, B) ............. ................ Carpiradialis pueblensis Nino- ~ Maldonado and Clark, new species</p><p>1´. Size small, 3.0– 3.2 mm long; elytra not costate, unicolorous or with only sutural and lateral areas darkened, without posthumeral vitta (Fig. 2A); prolongation of male hind tibia apically pointed (Fig. 3H); aedeagus apically pointed (Figs. 3D, E) .............................. ............ Carpiradialis tamaulipensis Nino- ~ Maldonado and Clark, new species</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/273DB909FFFDB05F1FFBFE3420D6FCA7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Niño-Maldonado, Santiago;Clark, Shawn M.	Niño-Maldonado, Santiago, Clark, Shawn M. (2020): Carpiradialis, New Genus, and Two New Species from Mexico (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (3): 563-571, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.3.563, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.3.563
