identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
2049F649FFC1FFF65987F98EFB77578C.text	2049F649FFC1FFF65987F98EFB77578C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sharpia madibai	<div><p>Sharpia madibai sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 35B8B4E7-A313-462E-8C2C-B892485E39EE</p><p>Figs 1A, 3A, 5A; Table 1</p><p>Differential diagnosis</p><p>Sharpia madibai sp. nov. is mostly similar to  S. soluta Faust, 1885, a species widely distributed in the Mediterranean region on  Convolvulus dorycnium Linnaeus, 1759 (Friedman 2017) . It can be distinguished from it by the absence of spots of white scales in the middle of interstria 2–3 ( S. soluta shows such spots), and by the shape of the penis very elongate [ratio w/l: 0.15] with a series of small</p><p>erect setae on sides in  S. madibai sp. nov., moderately elongate in  S. soluta (ratio w/l: 0.25) and bare of setae).</p><p>Etymology</p><p>This species is dedicated to Nelson Mandela ʻMadibaʼ for the role he played in the history of the Republic of South Africa.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Holotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • 1 ♂; “  S. Africa. Tvl. [Mpumalanga Province]; Kruger N. Pk. [National Park] nr. Satara; 15-18.XII. 1985; H. &amp; A. Howden ” / “HOLOTYPE;  Sharpia madibai; Haran 2021”; SAMC.</p><p>Paratypes REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • 1 ♂; same collection data as for holotype; CMNC •   2 ♂♂; Kruger National Park,  Lower Sabie; 14 Dec. 1985; M. Sanborne leg.; sweeping; CMNC  •  1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 16 Dec. 1985; M. Sanborne leg.; sweeping; CMNC •   1 ♂; Northern Cape Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=22.29&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.33" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 22.29/lat -28.33)">Witsand Nature Reserve</a>; 28.33 S, 22.29 E; alt. 1165 m; 6 Feb. 2012; R. Müller leg.; at light; TMSA  •   1 ♀; Limpopo Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.46&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-24.36" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.46/lat -24.36)">Atherstone Nature Reserve</a>, 20 km west Dwaalboom; 24.36 S, 26.46 E; 17 Apr. 1999; M. Stiller leg.; SANC  •   1 ♀; Northern Cape Province,  Tsawu, Nas. K. W.; 17 Mar. 1970; H.A.D. van Schalkwyk leg.; SANC  •   1 ♂; Northern Cape Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=22.4635&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.25645" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 22.4635/lat -27.25645)">Tswalu Kalahari Reserve</a>, road between hills; 27°15.387′ S; 22°27.810′ E; 31 Oct. 2018; R. Borovec leg.; FFWS  .</p><p>NAMIBIA • 1 ♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=15.58&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-24.1" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 15.58/lat -24.1)">Weldevrede Guest Farm</a>; 24.10 S, 15.58 E; alt. 1105 m; 11–13 Feb. 2010; R. Müller leg.; TMSA  •   1 ♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=13.48&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-18.03" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 13.48/lat -18.03)">Kaokoveld Ohopoho town</a>; 18.03 S, 13.48 E; 13 Feb. 1975; Endrödy and Schulze leg.; at light; TMSA  .</p><p>Description</p><p>BODY LENGTH. 2.4–3.0 mm.</p><p>COLOUR. Body integument reddish brown; vestiture consisting of imbricated scales, polygonal, shiny, completely concealing the integument, scales dark brown, pale brown and white, with white scales generally condensed along the median line of prothorax, forming a white band in the middle of 4 th interstria and near apex of interstria 1–3.</p><p>HEAD. Rostrum as long as head + prothorax and regularly downcurved in lateral view, thicker than protibiae in dorsal view, densely punctuate and striate (♂), smooth with small punctures in apical half (♀), basal ¾ (♂) or basal half (♀) of upper side bearing dense cover of pale brown scales, upper side of scrobes forming a carina slightly expanding basally near eyes; transverse furrow at base of rostrum narrow, shiny, bare of scales, with two spots of erect white scales on side near eyes; head capsule short, densely covered with scales; antennae inserted at apical ⅓ (♂) or near middle of length (♀) with segment 1 longer than 2 + 3, 4 isodiametric, segments 5–7 wider than long.</p><p>PROTHORAX. Slightly wider than long (ratio w/l: 1.02), widest in basal ⅓ of length, greatly narrowed at apex, integument concealed with rounded, almost hexagonal scales, and few scattered suberect, elongate, white scales oriented toward the centre of prothorax.</p><p>ELYTRA. Sides subparallel in basal ¾, slightly expanding toward middle of length, widest near middle (ratio w/l: 0.71), humeri raised; declivital callosities on interval 5 present but weak, followed by a depression; striae narrow, ½–¾ width of interstriae; interstriae flat, shiny, bearing two series of imbricated scales and one series of suberect elongate scales; scutellum very small.</p><p>ABDOMEN. Underside densely covered with white and grey, elliptical, overlapping scales.</p><p>LEGS. Femora clavate, unarmed; tibiae straight, unarmed, slightly bisinuate on ventral side; claws equal in length.</p><p>GENITALIA. Body of penis very elongate (ratio w/l: 0.15), 2× as long as apodemes, sides slightly convex, widest near basal ⅓, straight and converging toward apex in apical ¾, apex rounded, curvature in lateral view weak, mainly in basal half (Fig. 5A).</p><p>Life history</p><p>Host plant unknown, adults collected by sweeping vegetation.  Sharpia Tournier, 1873 spp. are commonly collected on perennial non-parasitic  Convolvulaceae .</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Namibia, Republic of South Africa (Kruger National Park, Northern Cape Province).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2049F649FFC1FFF65987F98EFB77578C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Haran, Julien M.	Haran, Julien M. (2021): The Smicronychini of southern Africa (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): Review of the tribe and description of 12 new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 735: 34-73, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.735.1239
2049F649FFC6FFFA5964FEBBFCC55291.text	2049F649FFC6FFFA5964FEBBFCC55291.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Afrosmicronyx cycnii	<div><p>Afrosmicronyx cycnii sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 13BC63BD-16FB-4F63-A4C1-183285E1BAA9</p><p>Figs 1B, 3B, 5B; Table 1</p><p>Differential diagnosis</p><p>This species is mostly similar to  Afrosmicronyx angolanus (Hustache, 1935), a species distributed in Angola (Haran &amp; Perrin 2017). The two species can be distinguished by the protibial tooth (well developed in  A. angolanus, absent or very small in  A. cycnii sp. nov.), the scales on the elytra (dense, rounded, with a copper shine in  A. angolanus, scattered, elliptic and greyish in  A. cycnii sp. nov.), and the shape of the penis (sides rounded in  A. angolanus, sides straight and regularly converging from base to apex in  A. cycnii sp. nov.).</p><p>Etymology</p><p>This species is named in reference to the genus of the host plant  Cycnium adonense E. Mey. ex Benth., on which the type series was collected.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Holotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • 1 ♂; “ South Africa Tvl. [Mpumalanga Province];  Schoemanskloof valley; m 1200 - 25.19′S 30.40′E; 14.XI.1988 - Colonnelli” / “On;  Cycnium;  adonense E. Mey. Ex. Benth. ” / “HOLOTYPE;  Afrosmicronyx cycnii; Haran 2021”; SAMC.</p><p>Paratypes REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • 1 ♂; same collection data as for holotype; SANC •  1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; SAMC •  1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; CBGP •  3 ♂♂, 7 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; MCZ .</p><p>Description</p><p>BODY LENGTH. 2.9–3.7 mm.</p><p>COLOUR. Body integument black; vestiture consisting of short rounded recumbent scales, longer than wide, black, not concealing the integument.</p><p>HEAD. Rostrum longer than head + prothorax in lateral view, moderately downcurved, thicker than protibia in middle in dorsal view, densely punctuate and striate, punctures and striae smoother near apex, basal ¼ of upper side bearing small suberect black setae, upper side of scrobes forming a carina with a small tooth basally near eyes; transverse furrow at base of rostrum shiny, bare of scales; head capsule short, bare of scales; antennae with segment 1 as long as 2 + 3, 4–6 isodiametric, segment 7 wider than long.</p><p>PROTHORAX. Isodiametric (ratio w/l: 1), widest at basal ⅓, greatly narrowed at apex, densely and coarsely punctuate, median line smooth and slightly raised.</p><p>ELYTRA. Sides subparallel in basal ¾, slightly expanding toward middle of length, widest after middle (ratio w/l: 0.65), humeri raised; declivital callosities on interval 5 present but weak, followed by a depression, striae narrow, ¼ width of interstriae; interstriae flat, shiny, bearing 2–3 ill-defined series of scales; scutellum small, shiny, bare of scales.</p><p>ABDOMEN. Underside covered with greyish scattered scales, 3 × as long as wide, with a metallic-copper shine; ventrite 1 shorter than 2.</p><p>LEGS. Femora clavate, armed with one ventral tooth; tibiae straight, bearing a moderate thickening ventrally, sometimes almost forming a tooth on protibiae, facing femoral tooth when legs are folded; claws equal in length.</p><p>GENITALIA. Body of penis short (ratio w/l: 0.42), as long as apodemes, sides straight, regularly converging from base to apex, apex rounded, curvature in lateral view regular (Fig. 5B).</p><p>Sexual dimorphism</p><p>Females are distinguished from males by their rostrum, which is slightly longer, and more downcurved in lateral view.</p><p>Life history</p><p>All the specimens of this species were collected on  Cycnium adonense E. Mey. Ex. Benth., 1835 (Orobanchaceae) a hemiparasitic plant parasite of grass. Adults were collected in November in the Republic of South Africa.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Republic of South Africa (Mpumalanga Province).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2049F649FFC6FFFA5964FEBBFCC55291	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Haran, Julien M.	Haran, Julien M. (2021): The Smicronychini of southern Africa (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): Review of the tribe and description of 12 new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 735: 34-73, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.735.1239
2049F649FFCBFFFB596AFD21FCFB5372.text	2049F649FFCBFFFB596AFD21FCFB5372.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Afrosmicronyx louwi	<div><p>Afrosmicronyx louwi sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 90CD8ADD-9841-4742-B4BF-61E6F709EDA0</p><p>Figs 1C, 3C, 5C; Table 1</p><p>Differential diagnosis</p><p>Afrosmicronyx louwi sp. nov. is mostly similar to  A. madagascariensis Haran, 2018 . The two species can be distinguished by their size (body length 3.4–3.6 mm in  A. madagascariensis, 2.5 mm in  A. louwi sp. nov.), the protibial tooth (moderately thickened in  A. louwi sp. nov., strongly thickened tooth in  A. madagascariensis) and the shape of the penis (sides subparallel, thickened in middle in lateral view in  A. louwi sp. nov., sides convex, thickness regular in lateral view in  A. madagascariensis).</p><p>Etymology</p><p>This species is dedicated to the late Dr. Schalk Louw, for his contribution to the knowledge of southern African weevils.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Holotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • 1 ♂; “Natal [Kwazulu-Natal Province]; Malvern” / “ N. Barkers; 190” “SAM-COL-;A073094” / “HOLOTYPE;  Afrosmicronyx louwi; Haran 2021”; SAMC.</p><p>Description</p><p>Male</p><p>BODY LENGTH. 2.5 mm.</p><p>COLOUR. Body integument black; vestiture consisting of rounded recumbent scales, as long as wide or slightly elliptical, brown and greyish on elytra.</p><p>HEAD. Rostrum as long as head + prothorax in lateral view, moderately and regularly downcurved, slightly wider than protibiae in dorsal view, punctate and striate, smooth at apex, covered with scales in basal ¾, less densely in apical ⅓, upper side of scrobes forming a carina with a small tooth basally near eyes, transverse furrow at base of rostrum shiny, bare of scales; antennae black, inserted before apical ⅓, segment 1 slightly longer than 2 + 3, 4 isodiametric, 5–7 wider than long.</p><p>PROTHORAX. Wider than long (ratio w/l: 1.14), widest slightly before middle of length, greatly narrowed at apex, sides rounded; integument shiny, densely granulate; scales brownish and greyish, longer than wide, generally concealing granules, forming two paler bands laterally to the median line.</p><p>ELYTRA. Sides moderately convex, straight and expanding apicad in basal ½, rounded in apical ½, widest near middle (ratio w/l: 0.70); humeri raised; striae narrow, interstriae flat, wide and shiny, covered with 2–3 series of aligned scales, apex of interstria 5 with slight declivital callosity, followed by depression; scutellum small but visible.</p><p>ABDOMEN. Underside covered with rounded brownish-grey scales, not concealing the integument.</p><p>LEGS. Dark brownish, femora clavate, armed with one ventral tooth; tibiae bearing a moderate thickening ventrally, facing femoral tooth when legs are folded; claws equal in length.</p><p>GENITALIA. Body of penis elongate (ratio w/l: 0.36), sides parallel, converging near apex, apex rounded, curvature regular in lateral view, thicker in apical half. (Fig. 5C). Female not known.</p><p>Life history</p><p>Unknown.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Republic of South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal Province).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2049F649FFCBFFFB596AFD21FCFB5372	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Haran, Julien M.	Haran, Julien M. (2021): The Smicronychini of southern Africa (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): Review of the tribe and description of 12 new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 735: 34-73, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.735.1239
2049F649FFCAFFF85952FC4CFCC554C4.text	2049F649FFCAFFF85952FC4CFCC554C4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Afrosmicronyx marshalli	<div><p>Afrosmicronyx marshalli sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: E0C45446-219B-4B9D-8714-3C94C28D3DDF</p><p>Figs 1D, 3D, 5D; Table 1</p><p>Differential diagnosis</p><p>Afrosmicronyx marshalli sp. nov. is mostly similar to  A. angolanus, a species distributed in Angola and Kenya (Haran &amp; Perrin 2017). The two species can be distinguished from each other by the shape of their prothorax (wider than long in  A. marshalli sp. nov., isodiametric in  A. angolanus) and their protibiae (with a thickening at middle in  A. marshalli sp. nov., armed with an acute tooth in  A. angolanus).</p><p>Etymology</p><p>Afrosmicronyx marshalli sp. nov. is dedicated to Sir Guy A. K. Marshall for his outstanding contribution to the knowledge on African weevils and particularly on the southern African fauna.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Holotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • 1 ♂; “  Nr. Belfast; Tvl. [Mpumalanga Province]; 14 Jan. 1963; A L Capener” / “National Coll.; of Insects; Pretoria, S. Afr” / “HOLOTYPE;  Afrosmicronyx marshalli; Haran 2021”; SANC.</p><p>Paratype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; SAMC .</p><p>Description</p><p>BODY LENGTH. 3.0– 3.2 mm.</p><p>COLOUR. Body integument black; vestiture consisting of rounded recumbent scales, as long as wide or elliptical, greyish on elytra.</p><p>HEAD. Rostrum equal (♂) or slightly longer than head capsule plus prothorax (♀) in lateral view, moderately downcurved, in dorsal view covered with scales only in basal ⅓, shiny and slightly punctate in apical ¾; antennae inserted slightly after middle of length; transverse furrow at base of rostrum shiny, with two spots of whitish semi-erect scales on sides near eyes; head capsule glabrous; eyes flat, subcontiguous ventrally, distance between eyes equal to the width of 1–2 ommatidia; antennal scape slightly bisinuate at base, moderately clavate at apex, segment 1 of funicle elongate, as long as 2 + 3, 3–7 wider than long.</p><p>PROTHORAX. Slightly wider than long (ratio w/l: 1.08), widest near middle of length, greatly narrowed at apex, sides strongly rounded; integument shiny, densely granulate; scales greyish, longer than wide.</p><p>ELYTRA. Sides convex, widest near middle (ratio w/l: 0.7); humeri raised; striae narrow, interstriae flat, wide and shiny, striae ⅓ width of interstriae, covered with two or three series of aligned scales, apex of interstria 5 with slight declivital callosity, followed by a depression; scutellum small but visible.</p><p>ABDOMEN. Underside covered with elliptical greyish scales, not concealing the integument.</p><p>LEGS. Integument black, femora clavate, armed with one ventral tooth; tibiae bearing a thickening (♂) or a tooth (♀) ventrally, facing femoral tooth when legs are folded; claws equal in length.</p><p>GENITALIA. Body of penis short (ratio w/l: 0.56), about 0.7 × as long as apodemes, sides convex, converging near apex, apex truncate, curvature in lateral view stronger near apex (Fig. 5D).</p><p>Life history</p><p>Unknown.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Republic of South Africa (Mpumalanga Province).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2049F649FFCAFFF85952FC4CFCC554C4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Haran, Julien M.	Haran, Julien M. (2021): The Smicronychini of southern Africa (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): Review of the tribe and description of 12 new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 735: 34-73, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.735.1239
2049F649FFC9FFF95933FAF2FE785699.text	2049F649FFC9FFF95933FAF2FE785699.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Afrosmicronyx nebulosipennis	<div><p>Afrosmicronyx nebulosipennis sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 7AF87EB3-BC0C-486C-849B-8A4A1B681A4E</p><p>Figs 1E, 3E, 5E; Table 1</p><p>Differential diagnosis</p><p>Afrosmicronyx nebulosipennis sp. nov. is mostly similar to  A. umbrinus Hustache, 1940, a species widely distributed from West to East Africa (Anderson &amp; Cox 1997). The body length of  A. nebulosipennis sp. nov. (3.6–3.8 mm) is slightly shorter than in  A. umbrinus (3.8–4.0 mm) and its general appearance is more robust. Segment 3 of the antennal funicle is wider than long in  A. nebulosipennis sp. nov. while it is isodiametric in  A. umbrinus . The penis in  A. nebulosipennis sp. nov. is more elongate and its sides more rounded (Fig. 5E) than in  A. umbrinus .</p><p>Etymology</p><p>Afrosmicronyx nebulosipennis sp. nov. is named in reference to the ill-defined shades of its elytral vestiture.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Holotype ZIMBABWE • 1 ♂; “  Salisbury [Harare]; Oct. 1903; G A K M [Marshall]” / “Pres. By; Imp. Inst. Ent.; BMNH(E) 1996” / “HOLOTYPE;  Afrosmicronyx nebulosipennis; Haran 2021”; BMNH.</p><p>Paratypes ZIMBABWE • 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; BMNH .</p><p>Description</p><p>BODY LENGTH. 3.6–3.8 mm.</p><p>COLOUR. Body integument black; vestiture consisting of rounded recumbent scales, elliptical, twice as long as wide, forming grey, brown and/or white, ill-defined transverse bands on elytra.</p><p>HEAD. Rostrum distinctly longer than head capsule + prothorax in lateral view, downcurved at base, almost straight in the rest of the length, covered by scales on the upper face only in basal ½ (♂) or in basal ⅓ (♀); integument punctuate; antennae inserted at apical ⅓; transverse furrow at base of rostrum covered with whitish scales, with two spots of semi-erect whitish or brownish scales on sides near eyes; head capsule glabrous except near transverse furrow; eyes flat, subcontiguous ventrally, distance between eyes equal or shorter than width of 1–2 ommatidia; antennal scape slightly bisinuate at base, moderately clavate at apex, segment 1 of funicle elongate, as long as 2 + 3, 3–5 isodiametric, 6–7 wider than long.</p><p>PROTHORAX. Isodiametric (ratio w/l: 1), widest slightly before middle of length, greatly narrowed at apex, sides strongly rounded; integument shiny, densely granulate; scales brownish, 3× as long as wide, converging to the median line.</p><p>ELYTRA. Sides subparallel in basal half, widest near middle (ratio w/l: 0.74), convex in apical half; humeri raised; striae narrow, interstriae flat, 4× as wide as striae, integument shiny and rough, covered with two or three series of aligned scales, apex of interstria 5 with a declivital callosity, followed by a depression; base of interstria 3 with a spot of white scales; scutellum rounded, small but visible.</p><p>ABDOMEN. Underside covered with elliptical greyish scales, not concealing the integument; ventrite 2 as long as 3–5.</p><p>LEGS. Integument black, femora clavate, armed with a strong ventral tooth; tibiae bearing an acute tooth ventrally, before middle of length, facing femoral tooth when legs are folded; claws equal in length.</p><p>GENITALIA. Body of penis short (ratio w/l: 0.55), as long as apodemes, sides parallel, apex flat with an acute cuticular expansion, curvature in lateral view moderate and regular (Fig. 5E).</p><p>Life history</p><p>Unknown.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Zimbabwe (Harare).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2049F649FFC9FFF95933FAF2FE785699	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Haran, Julien M.	Haran, Julien M. (2021): The Smicronychini of southern Africa (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): Review of the tribe and description of 12 new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 735: 34-73, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.735.1239
2049F649FFCFFFFC596AFEBAFCFB51EF.text	2049F649FFCFFFFC596AFEBAFCFB51EF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Smicronyx gracilipes	<div><p>Smicronyx gracilipes sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: BE18ED2E-7D6F-42C7-8550-59B004B62C95</p><p>Figs 1F, 3F; Table 1</p><p>Differential diagnosis</p><p>Smicronyx gracilipes sp. nov. is closest to  S. guineanus Voss, 1956, but  S. gracilipes sp. nov. is lacking or has a very small femoral tooth (well developed in  S. guineanus), a less dense coating of scales on the elytra (almost concealing the integument in  S. guineanus). The sequences of the COI show that  S. gracilipes sp. nov. is distinct by 8.7% [GB accession: MT370314] with specimens of  S. guineanus from Niger.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The species epithet refers to the remarkable long and thin legs encountered in this species.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Holotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • 1 ♀; “ Rep. of South Africa;  Underberg, [KwaZulu-Natal Province]; 29°346′37.42″S 29°30′00.44″E; 1579 m, 30.xii.2018; J. Haran leg.” / “Beating flowers of; Anacardiacaeae; JHAR02024_0101” / “HOLOTYPE;  Smicronyx gracilipes; Haran 2021”; SAMC.</p><p>Description</p><p>Female</p><p>BODY LENGTH. 2.5 mm.</p><p>COLOUR. Body integument black, antennae dark brown; vestiture of elytra made of recumbent scales, elliptic, not overlapping, twice as long as wide, grey, aligned in 2–3 ill-defined series on each interstria;</p><p>HEAD. Rostrum slightly longer than head capsule + prothorax in lateral view, moderately downcurved, in dorsal view covered with scarce scales in basal ⅓ and very short white setae in apical ¾, punctate over entire length, smooth at apex; antennae inserted near middle of length; transverse furrow at base of rostrum shiny, with two spots of whitish erect scales on sides near eyes; head capsule glabrous, with slight cover of scales near transverse furrow; eyes flat, subcontiguous ventrally, distance between eyes equal to the width of two ommatidia; antennal scape slightly bisinuate at base, moderately clavate at apex, segment 1 elongate, as long as 2 + 3, 4–5 isodiametric, 6–7 wider than long.</p><p>PROTHORAX. Slightly wider than long (ratio w/l: 1.05), widest near middle, sides rounded, narrowed in apical ¼; integument smooth, shiny, with small punctures; scales brown, elongate, not concealing the integument, with grey scales forming a pale band along the median line and two on the sides of prothorax.</p><p>ELYTRA. Sides slightly convex, widest near middle (w/l ratio: 0.74); humeri raised; striae ⅓ width of interstriae, interstriae flat, shiny, interstria 5 with a moderate declivital callosity near apex, followed by a slight depression; scutellum small but visible.</p><p>ABDOMEN. Underside mostly covered with non-overlapping greyish scales, twice as long as wide.</p><p>LEGS. Femora clavate, unarmed or bearing a very small ventral tooth in middle; tibiae straight, unarmed, claws equal in length. Males unknown.</p><p>Life history</p><p>Host plant unknown. The holotype specimen was collected on flowers of an unidentified Anacardiaceous shrub surrounded by a large grassland. This specimen was collected in December.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Republic of South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal Province).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2049F649FFCFFFFC596AFEBAFCFB51EF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Haran, Julien M.	Haran, Julien M. (2021): The Smicronychini of southern Africa (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): Review of the tribe and description of 12 new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 735: 34-73, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.735.1239
2049F649FFCCFFE2597EFEF0FC7A52E5.text	2049F649FFCCFFE2597EFEF0FC7A52E5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Smicronyx similis	<div><p>Smicronyx similis sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 14428DD9-227D-41C6-9062-C95EBF458451</p><p>Figs 1G, 3G, 5F; Table 1</p><p>Differential diagnosis</p><p>Smicronyx similis sp. nov. is mostly similar to  S. guineanus Voss, 1956, a species widely distributed in tropical Africa. The two species can be distinguished by their general appearance, which is more robust in  S. similis sp. nov. The second segment of the funicle is isodiametric in  S. similis sp. nov. while it is distinctly longer than wide in  S. guineanus, the elytra are wider in  S. similis sp. nov. than in  S. guineanus (ratio w/l: 0.68 and 0.58 respectively), and the integument of the prothorax of  S. similis sp. nov. is more coarsely punctate than in  S. guineanus . The body of the penis in  S. similis sp. nov. is also thicker and less narrowed in the middle than in  S. guineanus . In southern Africa,  S. similis sp. nov. is closest to  S. gracilipes sp. nov., but the latter species has distinctly longer legs and rostrum and a finely punctate prothoracic integument (coarsely granulate in  S. similis sp. nov.).</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The species name ʻsimilisʼ refers to the similar appearance of this species with  S. guineanus, which is a very widespread and abundant species in tropical Africa.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Holotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • 1 ♂; “S.Afr.; N Cape Prov.; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=22.26&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.18" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 22.26/lat -27.18)">Tswalu Nat. Res.</a> 1162m; 27.18S- 22.26E ” / “ 14.2.2005; E-Y [Endrödy-Younga leg.]; 3644; general [collecting] at Gosa lodge; Leg. M. Burger, R. Müller ” / “HOLOTYPE;  Smicronyx similis; Haran 2021”; SANC.</p><p>Paratype ZIMBABWE • 1 ♀;  Sebakwe; 1903; D. Dods leg.; SAM-COL-A073093; SAMC  .</p><p>Description</p><p>BODY LENGTH. 2.5 mm.</p><p>COLOUR. Body integument black, shiny, antennae and legs reddish; vestiture of elytra with scattered, recumbent, brownish and whitish, rounded or elliptic scales, forming two ill-defined series on each interstria.</p><p>HEAD. Rostrum slightly longer than head capsule + prothorax, moderately downcurved in lateral view, slightly longer and more downcurved in ♀ than in ♂, covered with scarce whitish scales dorsally (♂) or scales only in basal ¼ (♀), shiny and slightly punctate at apex (♂) or at apical ¾ (♀); antennae inserted slightly after middle of length (♀) or at apical ⅓ (♂); transverse furrow at base of rostrum shiny, with two spots of whitish semi-erect scales on sides near eyes; head capsule glabrous, with slight cover of scales near transverse furrow; eyes flat, subcontiguous ventrally, distance between eyes equal to the width of 1–2 ommatidia; antennal scape slightly bisinuate at base, moderately clavate at apex, segment 1 of funicle elongate, slightly longer than 2 + 3, 4–7 wider than long.</p><p>PROTHORAX. Isodiametric (w/l ratio: 1), widest before middle, sides strongly rounded, narrowed in apical 1/4; integument densely and strongly granulate, shiny.</p><p>ELYTRA. Sides slightly convex, widest near middle of length (w/l ratio: 0.68); humeri raised; interstriae flat, shiny, ½–⅓× as wide as striae, interstria 5 with a moderate declivital callosity near apex, followed by a slight depression; scutellum small but visible.</p><p>ABDOMEN. Underside mostly covered with non-overlapping greyish scales, twice as long as wide.</p><p>LEGS. Femora clavate, armed with a small ventral tooth in middle; tibiae straight, unarmed; claws equal in length.</p><p>GENITALIA. Body of penis elongate (w/l ratio: 0.23), 2× longer than apodemes, sides sub-parallel in basal ⅓, narrowed near middle of length, spatulate in apical ⅓, apex slightly acuminate, curvature in lateral view regular (Fig. 5F).</p><p>Life history</p><p>Unknown.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Republic of South Africa (Northern Cape Province), Zimbabwe.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2049F649FFCCFFE2597EFEF0FC7A52E5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Haran, Julien M.	Haran, Julien M. (2021): The Smicronychini of southern Africa (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): Review of the tribe and description of 12 new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 735: 34-73, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.735.1239
2049F649FFD3FFE65952FCD4FCCD5202.text	2049F649FFD3FFE65952FCD4FCCD5202.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Smicronyx pseudocoecus	<div><p>Smicronyx pseudocoecus sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: FC3639AF-2419-4EBD-A3AF-2F6480677DE8</p><p>Figs 1H, 3H, 5G, 6C; Table 1</p><p>Differential diagnosis</p><p>Smicronyx pseudocoecus sp. nov. is closest to the Palaearctic species  S. coecus (Reich, 1797) . These species can be distinguished by their claws, which are very slightly unequal in length in  S. pseudocoecus sp. nov. while they are very distinctly unequal in  S. coecus . The two species also show a p-distance of 8.7% on COI (GB accession: MT370315 / KC784156). In the Republic of South Africa,  S. pseudocoecus sp. nov. is closest to  S. paucisquamis sp. nov., a species found in Limpopo Province.  S. pseudocoecus sp. nov. shows a denser elytral vestiture (Fig. 1 H–I) and a more sclerified body of the penis (Fig. 5 G–H) than  S. paucisquamis sp. nov ..</p><p>Etymology</p><p>Named in reference to the similar appearance of this species and  S. coecus (Reich, 1797) .</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Holotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • 1 ♂; “ Rep. of South Africa; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=18.946217&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.73427" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 18.946217/lat -33.73427)">Paarl Mt. [Mountain] Nat. [Nature] Res. [Reserve]</a> [Western Cape Province]; 33°44.056′S 18°56.773′E; 410 m, 4.iii.2018; J. Haran leg.” / “on  Cuscuta sp.; JHAR00783” / “HOLOTYPE;  Smicronyx pseudocoecus; Haran 2021”; SAMC.</p><p>Paratypes REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • 1 ♂; same collection data as for holotype; SANC •  1 ♂; same collection data as for holotype; BMNH •  1 ♂; same collection data as for holotype; MNHN •  1 ♂; same collection data as for holotype; CBGP •   1 ♂;  Franschhoek; Sep.1988; M. Wright leg.; on  Cuscuta sp.; SAMC  •   1 ♀;  Kleinmond Nature Reserve; 34.20.00 S, 18.58.92 E; 22 Nov. 2007; E. Colonnelli leg.; MCZ  •  1 ♂; Cape Town; 1886; J.C. Purcell leg.; SAMC SAM-COL-A073096 •   1 ♂;  Tulbagh; 27 Jan. 2019; J. Haran leg.; beating dry  Cuscuta sp.; JHAR02116; CBGP  •   5 specs; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=18.669249&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.48775" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 18.669249/lat -33.48775)">Malmesbury</a>; 33°29′15.9″ S 18°40′09.3″ E; 10 Sept. 2019; J. Haran leg.; beating  Cuscuta nitida; JHAR00782_02; ethanol coll. CBGP  •   1 ♂, 14 specs; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=18.9867&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-32.394733" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 18.9867/lat -32.394733)">Geko Creek Lodge</a>; 32°23′41.03″ S 18°59′12.12″ E; 2 Nov. 2019; J. Haran leg.; beating  Cuscuta sp.; JHAR03018; ethanol coll. CBGP  .</p><p>Description</p><p>BODY LENGTH. 1.8–2.0 mm.</p><p>COLOUR. Body integument entirely black, shiny, mostly bare of scales; vestiture of elytra consisting of white recumbent, elliptical, scales twice as long as wide, grouped in ill-defined transverse bands, a spot on humeri and a longitudinal strip at base of interstria 3; each interstria with series of recumbent, white setae.</p><p>HEAD. Rostrum slightly longer than head + prothorax in lateral view, strongly downcurved in basal half, less downcurved in apical half (Fig. 3H), dorsal face punctate, covered with suberect whitish setae forming four distinct series in basal ¾ and two spots near eyes, apical ⅓ glabrous; transverse furrow at base of rostrum shiny, bare of scales; head capsule glabrous; eyes flat, contiguous on ventral side; scape of antennae straight, slightly and regularly widening toward apex, clavate at apical ⅓, segment 1 of funicle elongate, as long as 2 + 3, 4–7 × wider than long.</p><p>PROTHORAX. As long as wide (ratio w/l: 1), widest near middle of length, narrowed at apex, sides rounded; integument punctuate and granulous, punctures forming concentric circles at basal half; scales white, elongate, rare, mostly present along apical margin, and forming a small spot near scutellum.</p><p>ELYTRA. Sides rounded, widest near middle of length (ratio w/l: 0.65); humeri raised; striae narrow, interstriae flat, wide, integument slightly reticulate, apex of interstria 5 lacking declivital callosity; scutellum small, bare of scales.</p><p>ABDOMEN. Underside mostly covered with overlapping white scales, more condensed on metanepisterna.</p><p>LEGS. Covered with whitish semi-erect elongate scales; femora clavate, unarmed; tibiae straight on external side, slightly bisinuate ventrally at basal ⅓; claws slightly unequal in length.</p><p>GENITALIA. Body of penis elongate (ratio w/l: 0.28), 3× as long as apodemes, sides sub-parallel, slightly expanding from middle of length to apical 1/5, converging apicad, acuminate at apex, curvature in lateral view moderate and regular, tapering at apex (Fig. 5G).</p><p>Sexual dimorphism</p><p>Females are distinguished from males by their rostrum, which is more downcurved in apical half in lateral view, and by the antennal insertion which is near middle of length (near apical ⅓ in males).</p><p>Life history</p><p>Adults of  S. pseudocoecus sp. nov. were collected on  Cuscuta nitida E. Mey ex Choisy, 1842 (Fig. 6 C– D) and other unidentified species of  Cuscuta . Most  Cuscuta sp. are red-listed endangered species in the Republic of South Africa. Adults were collected in January, March, September and November.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Republic of South Africa (Western Cape Province).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2049F649FFD3FFE65952FCD4FCCD5202	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Haran, Julien M.	Haran, Julien M. (2021): The Smicronychini of southern Africa (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): Review of the tribe and description of 12 new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 735: 34-73, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.735.1239
2049F649FFD7FFE75952FDBCFC6A5499.text	2049F649FFD7FFE75952FDBCFC6A5499.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Smicronyx paucisquamis	<div><p>Smicronyx paucisquamis sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 445D4B93-E3FD-4A72-A0E0-81C75252CC47</p><p>Figs 1I, 4A, 5H; Table 1</p><p>Differential diagnosis</p><p>Smicronyx paucisquamis sp. nov. is closest to  S. pseudocoecus sp. nov. . See differential diagnosis under that species for diagnostic traits.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>Smicronyx paucisquamis sp. nov. is named in reference to the very limited number of scales found on its elytra compared to other species in the genus.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Holotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • 1 ♂; “ Rep. of South Africa; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=29.950617&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-23.93935" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 29.950617/lat -23.93935)">Haenertsburg</a> [Limpopo Province]; 23°56.361′S 29°57.037′E; 1380 m, 7.ii.2019; J. Haran leg.” / “On  Cuscuta sp.; JHAR02167” / “HOLOTYPE;  Smicronyx paucisquamis; Haran 2021”; SAMC.</p><p>Paratypes REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; ethanol coll. CBGP •   1 ♀; Mpumalanga Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=30.860834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-24.9066" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 30.860834/lat -24.9066)">God’s window</a>; 24°54.396′ S, 30°51.650′ E; 6 Feb. 2019; J. Haran leg.; beating  Cuscuta sp.; JHAR02168; ethanol coll. CBGP  .</p><p>Description</p><p>BODY LENGTH. 2.0– 2.2 mm.</p><p>COLOUR. Body integument entirely black, shiny, mostly bare of scales; vestiture of elytra consisting of white recumbent, elliptical, scales more than twice as long as wide, grouped into spots at base of interstria 3, basal ⅓ of interstriae 4–5 and middle of length of interstriae 3–5; each interstria with a series of short, recumbent, white setae.</p><p>HEAD. Rostrum as long as head + prothorax in lateral view, downcurved near base, less downcurved in apical half (Fig. 4A); dorsal face punctate, covered with suberect whitish setae forming four distinct series in basal ¾ and two spots near eyes, apical ⅓ glabrous; transverse furrow at base of rostrum shiny, bare of scales; head capsule glabrous; eyes flat, sub-contiguous on ventral side, space between them wider than the diameter of two ommatidia; scape of antennae slightly bisinuate, regularly widening toward apex, clavate in apical ⅓, segment 1 of funicle elongate, as long as 2 + 3, 4–7 wider than long.</p><p>PROTHORAX. Isodiametric (ratio w/l: 1), widest near middle of length, narrowed at apex, sides rounded; integument with large punctures, diameter of punctures wider than distance between punctures; scales</p><p>whitish, elongate, semi-erect, not concealing the integument, mostly present at base of median line near scutellum and on sides of prothorax.</p><p>ELYTRA. Sides moderately rounded, widest near middle of length (ratio w/l: 0.66); humeri raised; striae narrow, interstriae flat, wide, 4–5 × as wide as striae, integument shiny, slightly reticulate, apex of interstria 5 with a very moderate declivital callosity; scutellum small, covered with short whitish scales.</p><p>ABDOMEN. Underside mostly covered with overlapping white scales, more condensed on metanepisterna.</p><p>LEGS. Covered with whitish, recumbent, elongate scales; femora clavate, armed with a very small ventral tooth usually concealed by scales; tibiae straight on external side, slightly bisinuate ventrally; claws equal in length.</p><p>GENITALIA. Body of penis elongate (ratio w/l: 0.44), as long as apodemes, sides sub-parallel, slightly expanding from base to apex, converging near apex, truncate at apex, curvature in lateral view moderate and regular, tapering near apex (Fig. 5H).</p><p>Sexual dimorphism</p><p>Females are distinguished from males by their rostrum, which is slightly longer, and covered with scales only in basal ⅓ (in basal ½ in males).</p><p>Life history</p><p>Adults were found in February on an unidentified  Cuscuta sp.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Republic of South Africa (Limpopo and Mpumalanga provinces).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2049F649FFD7FFE75952FDBCFC6A5499	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Haran, Julien M.	Haran, Julien M. (2021): The Smicronychini of southern Africa (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): Review of the tribe and description of 12 new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 735: 34-73, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.735.1239
2049F649FFD6FFE55945FB29FC945557.text	2049F649FFD6FFE55945FB29FC945557.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Smicronyx fallax (Gyllenhal 1863)	<div><p>Smicronyx fallax (Gyllenhal, 1863)</p><p>Figs 1J, 4B, 5I, 6A; Table 1</p><p>Micronyx fallax Gyllenhal, 1836: 427 .</p><p>Smicronyx fallax (Gyllenhal, 1836) [Schoenherr 1843].</p><p>Differential diagnosis</p><p>Of the southern African  Smicronychini,  Smicronyx fallax is closely related to  S. albosquamosus, which may be found in sympatry with this species. They can be distinguished by the shape of their prothorax (isodiametric in  S. fallax, wider than long in  S. albosquamosus) and their claws (equal in length in  S. fallax, unequal in  S. albosquamosus in most specimens). These species show an interspecific genetic distance of 12.3% for the barcode fragment.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Neotype (here designated) REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • 1 ♂; “ Rep. of South Africa;  Underberg [KwaZulu-Natal Province]; 29°346′37.42″S 29°30′00.44″E; 1579 m, 25.xii.2018; J. Haran leg.” / “Beating  Cuscuta sp. parasite of  Artemisia afra; JHAR01694_0101” / “NEOTYPE;  Smicronyx fallax (Gyllenhal, 1836); Des. Haran 2021”; NHRS.</p><p>Other material</p><p>NAMIBIA • 14 specs; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=17.0168&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-23.3207" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 17.0168/lat -23.3207)">Oanob lake</a>; 23°19.242′ S, 17°1.008′ E; 7 Dec. 2018; J. Haran leg.; beating and at base of  Cuscuta campestris parasite of  Asteraceae; JHAR01630; ethanol coll. CBGP.</p><p>REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • 1 ♂; same collection data as for neotype; SAMC; • 1 ♂; same collection data as for neotype; SANC •  1 ♂; same collection data as for neotype; CBGP •  9 specs; same collection data as for neotype; ethanol coll. CBGP •   1 ♂; Limpopo Province, Tzaneen Mokgolobotho; 23°51.967′ S, 30°16.776′ S; alt. 561 m; 7 Feb. 2019; J. Haran leg.; beating and at base of  Cuscuta sp. parasite of  Asteraceae; JHAR02166; CBGP  •   2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Mpumalanga Province, Kruger Park,  Skukuza; 12–14 Dec. 1985; S. &amp; J. Peck leg.; thorn scrub forest, evening car netting; MCN  •   5 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀; Kruger National Park,  Skukuza; 24.59 S, 3138 E; 8 Mar. 1996; Endrödy-Younga leg.; UV light; TMSA  •   8 ♂♂, 6 ♀♀; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=31.12&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.25" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 31.12/lat -22.25)">Kruger National Park</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=31.12&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.25" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 31.12/lat -22.25)">Pafuri rest camp</a>; 22.25 S, 31.12 E; 30 Jan. 1994; Endrödy-Younga leg.; UV light trap; TMSA  •   1 ♀; Limpopo Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=29.16&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.15" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 29.16/lat -22.15)">Little Muck</a>; 22.15 S, 29.16 E; 8–9 Dec. 2008; R. Müller leg.; at light; TMSA  •   1 ♂; Kareepoort, near Sonop; 25.38,3 S, 27.39,4 E; alt. 1150 m; 1 Oct. 1996; Millar, Stals and Stiller leg.; beating  Acacia nilotica; SANC  •   1 ♂; KwaZulu Natal Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=31.35&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.3" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 31.35/lat -27.3)">South West Magudu</a>; 27.3 S, 31.35 E; alt. 480 m; 4 Jan. 2009; P. Schüle leg.; light trap; SANC  •   1 ♂; Gauteng Province,  Rivonia; 23 Oct. 1967; M.I. Russell leg.; BMNH  •   1 ♂; Orange Free State, Hendrik- Verwoeddam,  Gariep dam; 30.40′ S, 25.30′ E; alt. 1300 m; 6 Nov. 1988; E. Colonnelli leg.; MCZ.</p><p>ZIMBABWE • 1 ♂;  Matopo,  Maleme Dam; 30 Jan. 1963; J. Weir leg.; BMNH  .</p><p>Redescription</p><p>BODY LENGTH. 2.0– 2.1 mm.</p><p>COLOUR. Body integument entirely black, shiny; vestiture of elytra consisting of whitish and brownish, recumbent, elliptical scales, twice as long as wide; whitish scales forming two ill-defined, oblique bands from humeri to apical ¾ of elytral suture and a spot on declivital callosities.</p><p>HEAD. Rostrum longer than head + prothorax in lateral view, almost straight (Fig. 4B), dorsal face punctate, covered with suberect whitish scales forming four distinct series in basal ¾ and two spots near eyes, apical ⅓ bearing scattered white setae; transverse furrow at base of rostrum shiny, bare of scales; head capsule glabrous; eyes flat, sub-contiguous on ventral side; scape of antennae slightly bisinuate, slightly and regularly widening toward apex, not clavate at apex, segment 1 of funicle elongate, longer than 2 + 3, 2 square, 3–7 wider than long.</p><p>PROTHORAX. Isodiametric (ratio w/l: 1), widest near middle of length, sides moderately rounded, not greatly narrowed at apex; integument punctuate and granulous, punctures forming weak concentric circles in basal ½; scales whitish and brownish, elongate, mostly condensed along the median line and on the sides.</p><p>ELYTRA. Sides subparallel in basal ¾ of length, rounded in apical ⅓, widest near middle of length (ratio w/l: 0.70); humeri raised; striae narrow, interstriae flat, wide, 4× as wide as striae, integument shiny, slightly reticulate, apex of interstria 5 with a very slight declivital callosity; scutellum small, bare of scales.</p><p>ABDOMEN. Underside mostly covered with non-overlapping greyish scales, not condensed on metanepisterna.</p><p>LEGS. Covered with whitish, semi-erect, elongate scales; femora clavate, armed with a tiny ventral tooth, usually concealed with scales; tibiae straight on external side, slightly bisinuate ventrally; claws equal in</p><p>length. Genitalia. Body of penis elongate (ratio w/l: 0.33), 1.3 × as long as apodemes, sides sub-parallel, broadly rounded at apex, curvature in lateral view moderate and regular, tapering at apex (Fig. 5I).</p><p>Sexual dimorphism</p><p>Females are distinguished from males by their rostrum, which is slightly longer, and covered with scales only in basal ¼ (in basal ⅓ in males).</p><p>Life history</p><p>All recently collected specimens of this species were found on dodders ( Cuscuta spp.) including the introduced weed  Cuscuta campestris Yunck, 1932 (Fig. 6 A–B). Labels indicate that this species might be collected with light traps (UV light). Adults were collected from October to March.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Smicronyx fallax is widely distributed in the subtropical and desert areas of southern Africa. It has been recorded from Namibia to Zimbabwe, and in the Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal, Limpopo, Mpumalanga and Orange provinces of the Republic of South Africa.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The type specimen of  S. fallax was deposited by Gyllenhal in the collection of Ecklon &amp; Zeyer (Gyllenhal 1836), currently lost. In the absence of further information about this type, and in order to stabilize the taxonomy in this genus, a neotype was designated based on the description of this species. Gyllenhal described  S. fallax as a species very closely related to the Palaearctic taxon  S. jungermanniae Reich, 1797 . This description corresponded very well to the specimens used to re-describe this species, both regarding external and internal morphology. In addition, COI sequences obtained from these specimens (JHAR01630_0101-1694_0101 [GB accession: MT370316 -17]) showed that they are closest to  S. jungermanniae out of all the species of  Smicronyx for which a barcode sequence is available (uncorrected p-distance of 7.0%). The neotype (here designated) was designated for a male specimen from a population from the western side of KwaZulu-Natal Province in the Republic of South Africa, which is close to the original type locality of  S. fallax (“Caffraria”, probably corresponding to the Eastern Cape Province). Three male and nine unsexed specimens stored in ethanol from this series were deposited in the institutions CBGP, SAMC and SANC.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2049F649FFD6FFE55945FB29FC945557	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Haran, Julien M.	Haran, Julien M. (2021): The Smicronychini of southern Africa (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): Review of the tribe and description of 12 new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 735: 34-73, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.735.1239
2049F649FFD4FFEB5973FA63FB4553D0.text	2049F649FFD4FFEB5973FA63FB4553D0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Smicronyx australis	<div><p>Smicronyx australis sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 11BB79AF-69BD-4596-B063-01C2E7782E04</p><p>Figs 1K, 4C, 5J; Table 1</p><p>Differential diagnosis</p><p>Smicronyx australis sp. nov. is closest to  S. pauperculus, a species widely distributed in the Mediterranean region and in Africa, including the Republic of South Africa. The two species can be distinguished by the colour of their integument (elytra black in  S. australis sp. nov., at least partly red in  S. pauperculus). The sequences of COI of  S. australis sp. nov. (GB accession: MT370318) showed an interspecific p-distance of 3% with specimens of  S. pauperculus from the Near East and Canary Islands (Genbank accessions: KU942318 and KU942313, respectively).</p><p>Etymology</p><p>Smicronyx australis sp. nov. is named in reference to the southern distribution of this species, compared to the wide distribution of its neighbour species  S. pauperculus .</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Holotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTHAFRICA • 1♂; “Rep.of SouthAfrica; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=18.887247&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.952614" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 18.887247/lat -33.952614)">Stellenbosch Mt.</a> [Western Cape Province]; 33°57′09.41S, 18°53′14.09E; 539 m, 4.x.2018; J. Haran leg.” / “Sweeping fynbos; JHAR01557_0101” / “HOLOTYPE;  Smicronyx australis; Haran 2021”; SAMC.</p><p>Paratypes REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • 1 ♂; Western Cape Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=18.669325&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.48679" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 18.669325/lat -33.48679)">Malmesbury</a>; 33.486789 S, 18.669325 E; 10 Sep. 2019; J. Haran leg.; beating  Cuscuta nitida; JHAR03005; SAMC  •  1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; JHAR03005; CBGP •  1 ♂, 1 ♀; 7–20 km North of Citrusdal; 32.25.67 S, 18°57.32 E; alt. 150 m; 15 Nov. 2007; E. Colonnelli leg.; MCZ •   1 ♂;  Aurora Mts; 32°43′784 S, 18.34.5889 E; alt. 850 m; 9 Sept. 2013; R. Borovec leg.; beating fynbos; FFWS  •   1 ♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=18.994183&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.89925" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 18.994183/lat -33.89925)">Boschendal Wine</a> estate; 33°53.955′ S, 18°59.651′ E; alt. 354 m; 16 Aug. 2019; J. Haran leg.; beating fynbos; ethanol coll. CBGP  •   1 ♂;  Cederberg Mts, 2 km west Algeria; 32°22′194 S, 09°02′297 E; alt. 545 m; 26 Oct. 2011; R. Borovec leg.; sweeping; FFWS  •   1 ♂, mounted; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=18.993322&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-32.381184" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 18.993322/lat -32.381184)">Geko Creek Lodge</a>; 32.381182 S, 18.993322 E; 2 Nov. 2019; J. Haran leg.; beating  Cuscuta sp.; JHAR03017; ethanol coll. CBGP  •  30 specs; same collection data as for preceding; JHAR03017; ethanol coll. CBGP •   1 ♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=20.822666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.85175" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 20.822666/lat -33.85175)">Groenfontein</a>; 33°51.105′ S, 020°49.360′ E; 16 Jan. 2019; J. Haran leg.; light trap; JHAR02094; ethanol coll. CBGP  •   1 ♂; Gauteng Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=28.18&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.41" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 28.18/lat -25.41)">Roodeplaat Dam Nature Reserve</a>; 25.41 S, 28.18 E; 22 Feb. 1988; I.M. Millar leg.; SANC  .</p><p>Description</p><p>BODY LENGTH. 1.9–2.0 mm.</p><p>COLOUR. Body integument entirely black, shiny, femora and tibiae reddish in middle; vestiture of elytra consisting of whitish and brownish recumbent elliptical scales, more than twice as long as wide; whitish scales forming ill-defined transverse bands and a spot on prothorax and elytra near scutellum.</p><p>HEAD. Rostrum as long as head capsule + prothorax in lateral view, moderately downcurved (Fig. 4C); dorsal face weakly punctate, covered with suberect whitish scales forming 4 more-or-less distinct series in basal ¾ (♂) or ⅓ (♀), more condensed near eyes, apical ⅓ bearing scattered white setae; transverse furrow at base of rostrum shiny, bare of scales; head capsule glabrous; eyes flat, sub-contiguous on ventral side, separated by a distance as wide as the width of 1 ommatidium; scape of antennae very slightly bisinuate, regularly widening toward apex, clavate at apex, segment 1 of funicle elongate, slightly longer than 2 + 3, segments 2–7 transverse, segment 7 more than twice as wide as long.</p><p>PROTHORAX. Isodiametric (ratio w/l: 1), widest slightly before middle of length, sides moderately rounded, narrowed at apex; integument punctuate and granulous; scales whitish and brownish, elongate, mostly oriented toward the median line.</p><p>ELYTRA. Sides subparallel in basal ¾, rounded in apical ⅓, widest near middle of length (ratio w/l: 0.70); humeri raised; striae narrow, interstriae flat, 3–4× as wide as striae, integument slightly reticulate, apex of interstria 5 with a very moderate callosity; scutellum small, bare of scales.</p><p>ABDOMEN. Underside mostly covered with non-overlapping whitish scales, not condensed on metanepisterna.</p><p>LEGS. Covered with whitish semi-erect elongate scales; femora clavate, bearing a minute ventral tooth usually hidden by scales; tibiae straight on external side, slightly bisinuate ventrally at basal third; claws equal in length.</p><p>GENITALIA. Body of penis short (ratio w/l: 0.60), 0.6× as long as apodemes, sides sub-parallel or slightly expanding apicad, apex truncate, curvature in lateral view moderate and regular (Fig. 5J); endophallus sclerified, forming longitudinal striae at base of body in dorsal view.</p><p>Sexual dimorphism</p><p>Females are distinguished from males by their rostrum, which is slightly longer, and covered with scales only in basal ⅓ (in basal ¾ in males).</p><p>Life history</p><p>This species was collected on stems and flowers of  Cuscuta nitida (Fig. 6D) and other  Cuscuta spp. Adult specimens were also collected by light trap and by beating fynbos bushes. Adult collection times ranged from August to February.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>This species is distributed in the Gauteng and Western Cape provinces of the Republic of South Africa.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Slight differences in the external and internal morphology and the genetic distances between these species enabled  S. australis sp. nov. to be distinguished as a distinct species. The black specimens of  S. pauperculus reported previously (Haran 2018) correspond to  S. australis sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2049F649FFD4FFEB5973FA63FB4553D0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Haran, Julien M.	Haran, Julien M. (2021): The Smicronychini of southern Africa (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): Review of the tribe and description of 12 new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 735: 34-73, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.735.1239
2049F649FFDAFFE85924FBEEFB9B5548.text	2049F649FFDAFFE85924FBEEFB9B5548.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Smicronyx pauperculus Wollaston 1864	<div><p>Smicronyx pauperculus Wollaston, 1864</p><p>Figs 1L, 5K; Table 1</p><p>Smicronyx pauperculus Wollaston, 1864: 317 .</p><p>Differential diagnosis</p><p>Of the southern African  Smicronychini,  S. pauperculus can be distinguished by the red colour of integuments and the absence of a wide transverse band on its elytra.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • 6 ♂♂, 7 ♀♀; Gauteng Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=28.1&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.45" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 28.1/lat -25.45)">Pretoria</a>; 25.45 S, 28.10 E; 21 Mar. 1989; S. Neser leg.; SANC  •   2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Pretoria,  Reitondale; 4 Apr. 2001; S. Neser leg.; SANC  •   1 ♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=31.12&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.25" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 31.12/lat -22.25)">Kruger National Park</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=31.12&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.25" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 31.12/lat -22.25)">Pafuri rest camp</a>; 22.25 S, 31.12 E; 30 Jan. 1994; Endrödy-Younga leg.; UV light trap; TMSA  •   4 specs; Mpumalanga Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=30.860834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-24.9066" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 30.860834/lat -24.9066)">God’s Window</a>; 24°54.396′ S, 30°51.650′ E; alt. 1494 m; 6 Feb. 2019; J. Haran leg.; beating  Cuscuta sp.; JHAR02130; ethanol coll. CBGP  .</p><p>NAMIBIA • 1 ♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=15.58&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-24.1" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 15.58/lat -24.1)">Weldevrede Guest Farm</a>; 24.10 S, 15.58 E; alt. 1105 m; 11–13 Feb. 2010; R. Müller leg.; at light; TMSA  .</p><p>Lectotype See Haran (2018).</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>BODY LENGTH. 1.9–2.0 mm.</p><p>COLOUR. Body integument reddish, except rostrum, antennae, prothorax, suture of elytra and tarsi, which are usually black; vestiture of elytra generally consisting of elongate brownish scales, recumbent, not concealing integument, and whitish scales, thicker, forming transverse patches.</p><p>HEAD. Rostrum moderately and regularly downcurved in lateral view, longer than head capsule + prothorax.</p><p>PROTHORAX. Isodiametric (w/l ratio: 1), sides rounded in basal half, constricted apically, widest slightly behind middle, with median line of whitish scales, mostly visible near scutellum.</p><p>ELYTRA. Subparallel in basal two thirds (w/l ratio: 0.65), rounded toward apex in apical third.</p><p>LEGS. Femora moderately clavate, armed with a small but distinct ventral tooth, tibiae straight; claws equal in length.</p><p>GENITALIA. Body of penis moderately elongate (w/l ratio: 0.60), 0.6 × as long as apodemes, sides straight, subparallel, apex truncate, moderately and regularly curved in lateral view (Fig. 5K); endophallus slightly sclerified, not forming any longitudinal striae at base of body in dorsal view.</p><p>Life history</p><p>This species is known to feed on flowers of  Cuscuta campestris (Anderson 1974; Haran et al. 2017) developing on plants of open and disturbed agricultural areas. It is often recorded by light trapping. In sub-Saharan Africa, adults were collected almost all year round (February–May, July–September, November–December).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Smicronyx pauperculus is widely distributed in the Mediterranean region (Caldara 2013; Haran et al. 2017). In sub-Saharan Africa, it has been recorded in West (Mali) and East Africa (Kenya, Tanzania) (Haran 2018) and is newly reported here from southern Africa (Republic of South Africa [Gauteng and Limpopo and Mpumalanga provinces] and Namibia).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The identity of this species was established based on the examination of the lectotype as reported by Haran (2018). In southern Africa, this species is closest to its sister species  S. australis sp. nov.; see differential diagnosis and remark sections on that species for diagnostic traits.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2049F649FFDAFFE85924FBEEFB9B5548	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Haran, Julien M.	Haran, Julien M. (2021): The Smicronychini of southern Africa (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): Review of the tribe and description of 12 new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 735: 34-73, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.735.1239
2049F649FFD9FFEE598CFA79FD92557C.text	2049F649FFD9FFEE598CFA79FD92557C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Smicronyx san	<div><p>Smicronyx san sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: F652DB37-9106-483C-A89F-9F2375C52910</p><p>Figs 2 A–C, 4D, 5L, 6E; Table 1</p><p>Differential diagnosis</p><p>In the Republic of South Africa,  S. san sp. nov. is closest to  S. drakensbergensis sp. nov.; it can be distinguished from this species by the coating on the elytra (white and brown scales, grey in  S. drakensbergensis sp. nov.), the ratio of its prothorax (isodiametric, slightly longer than wide in  S. drakensbergensis sp. nov.), and its shorter penis body (Fig. 5 L–M).</p><p>Etymology</p><p>This species is dedicated to the San people, hunter gatherers whose first traces date back 44 000 years in southern Africa. They left remarkable marks of their presence along the coast in Western Cape Province, where  S. san sp. nov. forms dense populations due to the local abundance of its host plants.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Holotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • 1 ♂; “Rep. of South Africa; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=18.873367&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.94277" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 18.873367/lat -33.94277)">Stellenbosch</a> [Western Cape Province]; 33°56.566S, 18°52.402E; 156 m, 20.ii.2018; J. Haran leg.” / “on  Chironia baccifera; JHAR00761_0101” / “HOLOTYPE;  Smicronyx san; Haran 2021”; SAMC.</p><p>Paratypes REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; BMNH •  2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; CBGP •  1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; MNHN •  1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; RMCA •  1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; SAMC •  1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; SANC •   6 ♂♂, 7 ♀♀; Western Cape Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=18.45815&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-34.338333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 18.45815/lat -34.338333)">Cape Peninsula</a>; 34°20.300 S, 18°27.489 E; alt. 16 m; 24 Feb. 2018; J. Haran leg.; on  Orphium frutescens; JHAR00769; CBGP  •   4 specs; Stellenbosch,  Bottelaryberg; 29 Jun. 2019; J. Haran leg.; on  Chironia baccifera; JHAR02343; ethanol coll. CBGP  •   14 specs; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=18.892216&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-34.014668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 18.892216/lat -34.014668)">Helderberg</a>; 34°0.88′ S, 18°53.533′ E; alt. 443 m; 19 Aug. 2018; J. Haran leg.; on  Sebaea sp.; JHAR01367; ethanol coll. CBGP  •   1 ♂, 1 ♀;  Kapstyl; 24 Aug. 2018; J. Haran leg.; on  Chironia baccifera; JHAR01438; CMNC  •  20 specs; same collection data as for preceding; JHAR01438; ethanol coll. CBGP •  1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; Western Cape Province, R27 near Langebaan; 33°06.04 S, 18°07.71 E; 14 Nov. 2007; E. Colonnelli leg.; MCZ •   7 specs; Gansbaai,  Grootbos private nature reserve; 11 Aug. 2018; J. Haran leg., on  Chironia sp.; JHAR01317; ethanol coll. CBGP  •   16 ♂♂, 13 ♀♀;  Worcester; Jan. 1929; R.E. Turner leg.; BMNH  •   1 ♂, 1 ♀;  Table Mountain; 1906; W. Bevins leg.; BMNH  •   1 ♀;  Cape Town,  Milnerton; 14–28 Dec. 1925; R.E. Turner leg.; BMNH  •   1 ♀;  Swellendam; 17 Dec. 1931 – 18 Jan. 1932; R.E. Turner leg.; BMNH  •   4 specs; Somerset West, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=18.873993&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-34.062214" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 18.873993/lat -34.062214)">Helderberg Nature Reserve</a>; 34.062212 S, 18.873992 E; 14 Oct. 2019; J. Haran leg.; sweeping  Sebaea aurea; JHAR01367_02; ethanol coll. CBGP  .</p><p>Description</p><p>BODY LENGTH. 1.8–2.0 mm.</p><p>COLOUR. Body integument entirely black, shiny; vestiture of elytra consisting of recumbent, elliptical, twice as long as wide, overlapping scales, pale brown with transverse shades of white scales, densely covering but not concealing the integument.</p><p>HEAD. Rostrum as long as head + prothorax in lateral view, moderately and regularly downcurved (Fig. 4D), in dorsal view punctate, covered with suberect brown scales in basal ⅓–½, glabrous in apical half; transverse furrow at base of rostrum shiny, bare of scales; head capsule glabrous; eyes flat, close to each other on ventral side, separated by a distance equal to width of 2–3 ommatidia; scape of antennae straight, slightly and regularly widening apicad, clavate in apical ⅓, segment 1 of funicle elongate, as long as 2 + 3, 4–7 wider than long.</p><p>PROTHORAX. Isodiametric (ratio w/l: 1), widest near middle of length, narrowed at apex, sides rounded; integument greatly punctuate and granulous, shiny; scales pale brown, overlapping, usually concentrated on sides, with a spot of white scales near humeri; disc usually bare of scales or with narrow scales not concealing integument, forming a broad longitudinal strip where integument remains visible; median line sometimes bearing a narrow band of brown scales, generally visible at base near scutellum.</p><p>ELYTRA. Sides rounded, widest near middle of length (ratio w/l: 0.76); humeri raised; striae narrow, interstriae flat, wide, integument slightly reticulate, apex of interstria 5 lacking declivital callosity; scutellum small, not visible through coating.</p><p>ABDOMEN. Underside mostly covered with overlapping pale brown scales, more condensed on metasternum and metanepisterna.</p><p>LEGS. Covered with pale brown semi-erect elongate scales; femora clavate, bearing a tiny ventral tooth usually concealed by scales; tibiae straight on external side, slightly bisinuate ventrally at basal third; claws equal in length.</p><p>GENITALIA. Body of penis very short (ratio w/l: 1), 0.8× as long as apodemes, sides sub-parallel or slightly expanding from base to apex in basal ¾, converging in apical ⅓, acuminate at apex, curvature in lateral view regular (Fig. 5L).</p><p>Sexual dimorphism</p><p>Females are distinguished from males by their rostrum, which is slightly longer, and less densely covered with scales in basal ½.</p><p>Life history</p><p>Smicronyx san sp. nov. develops on various  Gentianaceae:  Chironia baccifera Linnaeus, 1753,  Orphium frustescens (L) E. Mey., 1838,  Sebaea spp. including  S. aurea (L. f.) Roem. &amp; Schult. (Fig. 6 E–H). Adults were collected on the ground under its host plant or by beating the plant in February, June, August, October–December.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Republic of South Africa (Western Cape Province).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Smicronyx san sp. nov. belongs morphologically to the  S. reichi (Gyllenhal, 1835) species group (Dieckmann 1990), which is associated with  Gentianaceae, and shows a much shorter body of the penis than other  Smicronyx species (Pericart 1957).  S. san sp. nov. is a polymorphic species, specimens obtained from  Orphium frustescens (Fig. 2B) are larger and have a less dense coating than specimens developing on  Chironia (Fig. 2A). Specimens obtained from  Sebaea have a more elongate body (Fig. 2C) than those on  Chironia . However, the sequences of the gene COI revealed no genetic divergence between populations from each host plant.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2049F649FFD9FFEE598CFA79FD92557C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Haran, Julien M.	Haran, Julien M. (2021): The Smicronychini of southern Africa (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): Review of the tribe and description of 12 new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 735: 34-73, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.735.1239
2049F649FFDFFFEF5938FA4DFCFB572D.text	2049F649FFDFFFEF5938FA4DFCFB572D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Smicronyx drakensbergensis	<div><p>Smicronyx drakensbergensis sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 0E52BFCE-0C56-411D-A089-EA48704B33C2</p><p>Figs 2D, 4E, 5M; Table 1</p><p>Differential diagnosis</p><p>Smicronyx drakensbergensis sp. nov. belongs to the species group of  S. reichi and is morphologically closest to  S. san sp. nov. in southern Africa. See diagnosis and remark sections under that species for diagnostic traits.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>This species is named in reference to the mountain range where the type series was collected.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Holotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • 1 ♂; “S. Afr.; Drakensberg [KwaZulu-Natal Province]; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=29.14&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.57" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 29.14/lat -28.57)">Cathedral PkRainbowG</a> [gorges]; 28.57S 29.14E ” / “ 17.i.1997; E-Y; 3257; grassnetting; leg. Endrödy-Younga ” / “HOLOTYPE;  Smicronyx drakensbergensis; Haran 2021”; TMSA.</p><p>Paratype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • 1 ♂; same collection data as for holotype; SAMC .</p><p>Description (♂)</p><p>BODY LENGTH. 2.0– 2.2 mm.</p><p>COLOUR. Body integument entirely black, shiny; vestiture of elytra consisting of recumbent, elliptical or rounded, brownish and whitish, overlapping scales, densely covering but not concealing the integument.</p><p>HEAD. Rostrum as long as head + prothorax in lateral view, moderately and regularly downcurved (Fig. 3E), in dorsal view punctate, covered with suberect whitish scales in basal ½, glabrous in apical ½; transverse furrow at base of rostrum shiny, bare of scales, with two spots of white erect scales on each side near eyes; head capsule glabrous; eyes flat, close to each other on ventral side, separated by width of 2–3 ommatidia; scape of antennae straight, slightly and regularly widening toward apex, clavate in apical ⅓, segment 1 of funicle elongate, slightly longer than 2 + 3, 4–7 wider than long.</p><p>PROTHORAX. Wider than long (ratio w/l: 1.07), widest before middle of length, narrowed at apex, sides moderately rounded; integument greatly punctuate and granulous, shiny; scales greyish, overlapping, not concealing integument.</p><p>ELYTRA. Sides rounded, widest near middle of length (ratio w/l: 0.73); humeri raised; striae narrow, ½–⅓ as wide as interstriae, interstriae flat, wide, integument shiny, slightly reticulate, apex of interstria 5 with very small declivital callosity; scutellum small, not visible through coating.</p><p>ABDOMEN. Underside mostly covered with overlapping greyish scales, more condensed on metasternum and metanepisterna.</p><p>LEGS. Covered with pale brown and greyish semi-erect, elongate scales; femora clavate, bearing a tiny ventral tooth usually concealed by scales; tibiae straight on external side, slightly bisinuate ventrally at basal third; claws equal in length.</p><p>GENITALIA. Body of penis short (ratio w/l: 0.80), 2.2× shorter than apodemes, sides sub-parallel, apex acuminate, curvature in lateral view regular (Fig. 5M). Female unknown.</p><p>Life history</p><p>Host plant unknown. Adults were collected in January.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Republic of South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal Province).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2049F649FFDFFFEF5938FA4DFCFB572D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Haran, Julien M.	Haran, Julien M. (2021): The Smicronychini of southern Africa (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): Review of the tribe and description of 12 new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 735: 34-73, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.735.1239
2049F649FFDDFFEC5959FEF0FD2C57C2.text	2049F649FFDDFFEC5959FEF0FD2C57C2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Smicronyx zonatus Haran 2018	<div><p>Smicronyx zonatus Haran, 2018</p><p>Figs 2E, 5N; Table 1</p><p>Smicronyx zonatus Haran, 2018: 280 .</p><p>Differential diagnosis</p><p>Of the African  Smicronychini,  S. zonatus can be easily distinguished from other species by its reddish integument and its white transverse band on the elytra (Haran, 2018).</p><p>Material examined</p><p>REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • 1 ♀; Mpumalanga Province, Kruger National Park, Skukuza Reserve Camp; 24.59 S, 31.35 E; 1 Mar. 1995; Endrödy-Younga leg.; UV light trap; SANC •   1 ♂, 1 ♀; KwaZulu-Natal,  Eshowe; Jul. 1926; R.E. Turner leg.; BMNH  •   1 ♂; Drakensberg,  Van Reenen; 1–22 Jan. 1927; R.E. Turner leg.; BMNH  .</p><p>Other material</p><p>See Haran (2018).</p><p>ZAMBIA • 1 ♂;  Liua Plains; 29 Nov. 2003; Deschodt and Groenewald leg.; at light; SANC  .</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>BODY LENGTH. 2.0– 2.5 mm.</p><p>COLOUR. Body integument reddish, except rostrum, antennae, prothorax, suture of elytra and tarsi, which are usually black; vestiture of elytra generally consisting of elliptical, rounded scales or slightly longer than wide, recumbent, overlapping and almost concealing integument; scales brown with patches of white and a few black spots along the basal half of interstriae 1–3, and a large transverse white band between middle of elytra length and apical ¼.</p><p>HEAD. Rostrum as long as head capsule + prothorax in lateral view, greatly downcurved</p><p>PROTHORAX. Wider than long (w/l ratio: 1.08), sides rounded, widest slightly before middle of length.</p><p>ELYTRA. Subparallel in basal ½, rounded in apical ½ (w/l ratio: 0.73).</p><p>LEGS. Femora and tibiae covered with whitish and pale brown semi-erect, elongate scales; femora greatly clavate, armed with a small but distinct ventral tooth.</p><p>GENITALIA. Body of penis elongate (w/l ratio: 0.37), 1.5× longer than apodemes, subparallel, rounded at apex, in lateral view regularly narrowing from base to apex (Fig. 5N).</p><p>Life history</p><p>Recently collected specimens from the Republic of South Africa (Stellenbosch, Western Cape Province) were found on a small unidentified  Orobanchaceae (near the genus  Euphrasia Linnaeus, 1753), a hemiparasite of  Cyperaceae found at low elevation in wet areas near ponds (Fig. 6 I–J). Adults were collected in January–March, May, July and November.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Democratic Republic of Congo, Liberia, Republic of South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga and Western Cape provinces), Zambia (Haran 2018).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2049F649FFDDFFEC5959FEF0FD2C57C2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Haran, Julien M.	Haran, Julien M. (2021): The Smicronychini of southern Africa (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): Review of the tribe and description of 12 new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 735: 34-73, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.735.1239
2049F649FFDCFFED5953FEF1FE9F56B2.text	2049F649FFDCFFED5953FEF1FE9F56B2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Smicronyx lutulentus Dietz 1894	<div><p>Smicronyx lutulentus Dietz, 1894</p><p>Figs 2F, 4F, 5O; Table 1</p><p>Smicronyx lutulentus Dietz, 1894: 170 .</p><p>Differential diagnosis</p><p>Smicronyx lutulentus is morphologically similar to  S. fallax and  S. albosquamosus . It can be distinguished from these species by its elytra pattern, bearing broad and rounded scales, and its short penis body.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • 6 specs; KwaZulu-Natal Province,  Umhlanga; 12 Apr. 2018; population bred at SASRI on  Parthenium hysterophorus; JHAR00911; ethanol coll. CBGP  .</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>BODY LENGTH. 1.6–2.0 mm.</p><p>COLOUR. Body integument black, rostrum black or dark brown, antennae and tarsi dark brown; vestiture of elytra generally consisting of rounded, grey-brown scales, isodiametric or slightly longer than wide, with a few scattered white scales; white scales concentrated on humeri, on sides and at base of median line near scutellum on prothorax.</p><p>HEAD. Rostrum in lateral view downcurved at base and almost straight over the rest of length; slightly longer than head capsule + prothorax.</p><p>PROTHORAX. Isodiametric (w/l ratio: 1), sides slightly rounded in basal ¾, constricted apically, widest slightly behind middle of length.</p><p>ELYTRA. Subparallel in basal two thirds (w/l ratio: 0.70), rounded toward apex in apical third.</p><p>LEGS. Femora moderately clavate, unarmed, tibiae straight.</p><p>GENITALIA. Body of penis moderately elongate (w/l ratio: 0.43), as long as apodemes, sides straight, subparallel, moderately and regularly curved in lateral view (Fig. 5O).</p><p>Life history</p><p>Smicronyx lutulentus develops in the seeds of the capsules of  Parthenium hysterophorus L. ( Asteraceae; Dhileepan et al. 1996).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>United States of America (Texas; Anderson 1962); introduced as a biocontrol agent of  Parthenium in Australia (Dhileepan et al. 1996) and in the Republic of South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal Province; Strathie et al. 2011).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2049F649FFDCFFED5953FEF1FE9F56B2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Haran, Julien M.	Haran, Julien M. (2021): The Smicronychini of southern Africa (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): Review of the tribe and description of 12 new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 735: 34-73, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.735.1239
2049F649FFE3FFD35916FEF0FCB452B4.text	2049F649FFE3FFD35916FEF0FCB452B4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Smicronyx albosquamosus Wollaston 1854	<div><p>Smicronyx albosquamosus Wollaston, 1854</p><p>Fig. 2G; Table 1</p><p>Smicronyx albosquamosus Wollaston, 1854: 345 .</p><p>Differential diagnosis</p><p>In southern Africa,  S. albosquamosus is closest to  S. fallax . See differential diagnosis section under this species for distinguishing traits.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>NAMIBIA • 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=13.233334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-17.0" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 13.233334/lat -17.0)">Epupa falls</a>; 17°00′ S, 13°14′ E; alt. 660 m; 12 Apr. 2005; Ruth Müller leg.; at light; TMSA  .</p><p>REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Gauteng Province, Roodeplaat Dam Nature Reserve; 25.41 S, 28.18 E; 22 Feb. 1988; I.M. Millar leg.; SAMC •   7 ♂♂, 9 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; 26.08 S, 27.50 E; 8 Jan. 1990; S. Neser leg.; with pods and flowers of  Cuscuta probably  campestris; SANC  •   4 ♂♂, 6 ♀♀; Gauteng Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=28.1&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.45" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 28.1/lat -25.45)">Pretoria</a>; 25.45 S, 28.10 E; 21 Mar. 1989; S. Neser leg.; ex. fruits of  Cuscuta sp.; SANC  •   1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; Britstown CP; 30.35 S, 23.30 E; 9 Mar. 1989; S. Neser leg.; ex. flowers of  Cuscuta campestris; SANC  •   21 ♂♂, 14 ♀♀; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=28.2&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.9" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 28.2/lat -25.9)">Pretoria</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=28.2&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.9" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 28.2/lat -25.9)">Reitondale</a>; 25°54′ S, 28°12′ E; 13 Feb. 2006; S. Neser leg.; from flowering and fruiting shoots of  Cuscuta sp.  Convolvulaceae; SANC  • 1  ♂; Limpopo Province, Soutpans; 22.57 S, 29.17 E; alt. 1100 m; 27–30 Mar. 2008; Martin Krüker leg.; TMSA •   1 ♀; Limpopo Province, Meletse Reserve, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=39.13&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-24.36" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 39.13/lat -24.36)">Mamba Dam</a>; 24.36 S, 39.13 E; Dec. 2015; E. Seamark leg.; TMSA  •   1 ♂, 5 ♀♀; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=31.38&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-24.59" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 31.38/lat -24.59)">Kruger National Park</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=31.38&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-24.59" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 31.38/lat -24.59)">Skukuza rest camp</a>; 24.59 S, 31.38 E; 23 Jan. 1995 – 7 Mar. 1996; Endrödy-Younga and C.L. Bellamy leg.; UV light collection; TMSA  •   1 ♀; Kwazulu-Natal Province,  Ntinini Nature Reserve; 28°17″ S, 30°56′ E; alt. 1025 m; 17 Nov. 2010; R. Stals leg.; rocky outcrop with trees; SANC  •  2 ♀♀; Mpumalanga Province, Lake Chrissie Farm, 5 km SE Chrissiesmeer; 26°18′ S, 30°15′ E; alt. 1700 m; 25 Nov. 2002; E. Grobbelaar leg.; SANC.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>BODY LENGTH. 2.0– 2.1 mm.</p><p>COLOUR. Body integument black; vestiture of elytra consisting of recumbent, slightly overlapping brown scales, slightly longer than wide, concealing integument, and white scales usually forming a pale oblique band between humeri and apical third of elytral suture.</p><p>HEAD. Rostrum moderately downcurved in lateral view, as long as head capsule + prothorax.</p><p>PROTHORAX. Slightly wider than long (w/l ratio: 1.15), sides moderately rounded in basal ¾, constricted in apical ⅓, with spots of whitish scales near humeri and at base near scutellum.</p><p>ELYTRA. Subparallel in basal two-thirds (w/l ratio: 0.65), rounded toward apex in apical third.</p><p>LEGS. Covered with white and brown scales; femora moderately clavate, armed with small but distinct ventral tooth, tibiae straight; claws unequal in length, at least for fore tarsi.</p><p>GENITALIA. Body of penis elongate (w/l ratio: 0.30), 1.2× as long as apodemes, sides straight, subparallel, converging near apex; curvature moderate in lateral view (Fig. 5H).</p><p>Life history</p><p>Smicronyx albosquamosus is found across its distribution range on pods and flowers of  Cuscuta spp. Adults were collected in southern Africa from November to April.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>This species is widely distributed across Africa and the Mediterranean region. In the Republic of South Africa, this species is only found in subtropical areas (Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal, Limpopo and Mpumalanga provinces)</p><p>Remark</p><p>The identity of this species was established by comparisons of specimens with reference material from the Mediterranean region reported by Haran et al. (2017).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2049F649FFE3FFD35916FEF0FCB452B4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Haran, Julien M.	Haran, Julien M. (2021): The Smicronychini of southern Africa (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): Review of the tribe and description of 12 new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 735: 34-73, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.735.1239
2049F649FFE2FFD05949FD05FEA25329.text	2049F649FFE2FFD05949FD05FEA25329.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Smicronyx namibicus Haran 2018	<div><p>Smicronyx namibicus Haran, 2018</p><p>Figs 2H, 5P; Table 1</p><p>Smicronyx namibicus Haran, 2018: 282 .</p><p>Differential diagnosis</p><p>Of the African  Smicronychini,  Smicronyx namibicus can distinguished by the scales on elytra forming a contrasting black square on basal half of interstriae 1–4, surrounded with white scales (Haran 2018).</p><p>Material examined</p><p>REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • 1 ♂; Kwazulu-Natal Province,  Escourt; 4 Jan. 1899; G.A.K. Marshall leg.; BMNH  .</p><p>Other material (holotype)</p><p>See Haran (2018).</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>BODY LENGTH. 2.0–3.0 mm.</p><p>COLOUR. Body integument black, antennae, femora and tibiae dark reddish; vestiture of elytra generally consisting of recumbent, rounded or slightly longer than wide scales, forming a dark-brown square in basal half and between interstriae 5 of each elytron; rest of scales on elytra greyish to brown, paler near dark-brown square; vestiture of prothorax consisting of brownish scales, with 5 longitudinal whitish stripes.</p><p>HEAD. Rostrum slightly longer than head capsule + prothorax in lateral view, moderately downcurved, curvature stronger near base and near antennal insertion.</p><p>PROTHORAX. Slightly wider than long (w/l ratio: 1.06), widest before middle of length, sides greatly rounded in basal ¾.</p><p>ELYTRA. Distinctly rounded, widest before middle of length (w/l ratio: 0.79).</p><p>LEGS. Femora moderately clavate, armed with a distinct ventral tooth, tibiae straight. GENITALIA. Body of penis elongate (w/l ratio: 0.47), 0.8× as long as apodemes, sides straight, subparallel, apex truncate, moderately and regularly curved in lateral view (Fig. 5P).</p><p>Life history</p><p>Unknown. The adults were collected in December in the Republic of South Africa and in November in Tanzania.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Tanzania (Island of Zanzibar, Haran 2018), Republic of South Africa (Kwazulu-Natal Province).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Smicronyx namibicus was wrongly described from Namibia due to a misinterpretation of the handwritten label of the holotype. The locality of this specimen is ‘Zanzib’ (Island of Zanzibar, Tanzania) and not ‘Namib’ (Namib Desert) as reported in Haran (2018). I thank Helene Perrin (MNHN) for highlighting this misreading.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2049F649FFE2FFD05949FD05FEA25329	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Haran, Julien M.	Haran, Julien M. (2021): The Smicronychini of southern Africa (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): Review of the tribe and description of 12 new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 735: 34-73, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.735.1239
2049F649FFE1FFD15BBEFCB5FAA2579A.text	2049F649FFE1FFD15BBEFCB5FAA2579A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Smicronychini Seidlitz 1891	<div><p>Key to  Smicronychini of southern Africa</p><p>1. Vestiture of elytra consisting of imbricate scales, polygonal, shiny, completely concealing the integument; middle of 4th interstria generally with a band of white scales (Fig. 1A). Body of penis very elongate (ratio w/l: 0.15), bearing erect setae laterally (Fig. 5A) .......  Sharpia madibai sp. nov.</p><p>– Vestiture of elytra different, not combining these traits, lacking contrasting band of white scales on 4 th interstria. Body of penis shorter (ratio w/l above 0.20), sides smooth, not bearing erect setae .. 2</p><p>2. Protibiae with a distinct tooth or thickening near middle of ventral side. Body size generally over 2.5 mm ............................................................................... 3 (genus  Afrosmicronyx Hustache, 1935)</p><p>– Ventral side of protibiae straight or slightly bisinuate, lacking tooth or thickening near middle of length. Body size equal to or under 2.5 mm ........................... 6 (genus  Smicronyx Schönherr, 1843)</p><p>3. Body black; scales black, short, not overlapping on elytra (Fig. 1B) ......................  A. cycnii sp. nov.</p><p>– Body covered with grey or brown or whitish scales, overlapping on elytra and concealing the integument ........................................................................................................................................ 4</p><p>4. Antennae slender, segments 3–4 of funicle longer than wide. Tarsi elongate, the length of article 4 exceeding 3, as long as the length of 1 + 2 ...............................................  A. nebulosipennis sp. nov.</p><p>– Antennae more robust, segment 3–4 of funicle wider than long. Tarsi shorter, length of article 4 exceeding 3, shorter than the length of 1 + 2 .................................................................................... 5</p><p>5. Sides of body of penis straight (Fig. 5C), length longer (ration w/l: 0.36) .............  A. louwi sp. nov.</p><p>– Sides of body of penis convex (Fig. 5D), length short (ration w/l: 0.56) ..........  A. marshalli sp. nov.</p><p>6. Integument dark red or with some shade of reddish. Vestiture of elytra forming a large transverse white band on apical half (Fig. 2E); scales rounded, as long as wide. Rostrum very distinctly downcurved in lateral view ............................................................................  S. zonatus Haran, 2018</p><p>– Integument of elytra of mature specimens at least partly black. Vestiture forming multiple, poorlydefined and narrow transverse whitish stripes, or vestiture homogenous or almost glabrous. Rostrum moderately downcurved in lateral view (Fig. 3 D–E) ....................................................................... 7</p><p>7. Body size over 2.2 mm ..................................................................................................................... 8</p><p>– Body size under 2.2 mm ................................................................................................................... 9</p><p>8. Integument of prothorax smooth. Scales on elytra elliptical, not overlapping ..  S. gracilipes sp. nov.</p><p>– Integument of prothorax densely granulate. Scales on elytra rounded, isodiametric, overlapping .... .................................................................................................................................  S. similis sp. nov.</p><p>9. Body of penis very short, isodiametric or slightly longer than wide in dorsal view (ratio w/l: 0.8– 1), the sclerotized part of dorsal face narrowed longitudinally (Fig. 5 L–M). Mesanepisterna and Metanepisterna densely covered with overlapping, rounded, whitish scales. ................................ 10</p><p>– Body of penis distinctly longer than wide (ratio w/l &lt;0.6), dorsal face fully sclerotized (Fig. 5 G–K, N–P). Episterna with brown or grey scales, generally not concealing the integument. ..................11</p><p>10. Prothorax strongly granulate, isodiametric (ratio w/l: 1). Elytra with white and brown scales forming ill-defined transverse white bands (Fig. 2 A–C). Body of penis very short (ratio w/l: 1; Fig. 5L) ........................................................................................................................  S. san sp. nov.</p><p>– Prothorax with coarse punctures, slightly longer than wide (ratio w/l: 1.07). Elytra with homogeneous cover of greyish scales, not forming particular pattern (Fig. 2D). Body of penis more elongate (ratio w/l: 0.60; Fig. 5M) ................................................................................  S. drakensbergensis sp. nov.</p><p>11. Scales on elytra of fresh specimens scarce, leaving large glabrous areas (Fig. 1 H–I) ................... 12</p><p>– Scales on elytra of fresh specimens forming a more or less dense cover over dorsal surface (Figs 1 J– L, 2F–H) ......................................................................................................................................... 13</p><p>12. Body of penis black, elongate (ratio w/l: 0.28; Fig. 5G), apodemes ¼ the length of the body. White scales on elytra generally forming transverse bands (Fig. 1H) ..................  S. pseudocoecus sp. nov.</p><p>– Body of penis brown, less elongate (ratio w/l: 0.44; Fig. 5H), apodemes as long as length of body. White scales on elytra very scarce, forming elliptical spots (Fig. 1I) ........  S. paucisquamis sp. nov.</p><p>13. Scales on elytra forming a contrasting black square on basal half of interstriae 1–4, surrounded with white scales (Fig. 2H) ...............................................................................  S. namibicus Haran, 2018</p><p>– Pattern of elytra different ................................................................................................................ 14</p><p>14. Pale scales on elytra generally condensed in an oblique band between shoulders and apical ¾ of suture of elytra (Figs 1J, 2G). Body of penis elongate (ratio w/l &lt;0.35) ....................................... 15</p><p>– Pale scales on elytra forming multiple ill-defined transverse stripes or only condensed on shoulders. Body of penis shorter (ratio w/l&gt; 0.40) ......................................................................................... 16</p><p>15. Prothorax isodiametric (ratio w/l: 1). Claws always equal in length. Body of penis parallel sided in dorsal view, regularly thick in lateral view (Fig. 5I) ...............................  S. fallax (Gyllenhal, 1836)</p><p>– Prothorax slightly wider than long (ratio w/l: 1.15). Claws generally unequal in length. Sides of body of penis slightly expanding toward apex in dorsal view ....  S. albosquamosus Wollaston, 1854</p><p>16. Scales on elytra rounded, homogeneously brown with white scales condensed on shoulders and a few scattered on the rest of elytra (Fig. 2F). On  Parthenium L. sp. ...........  S. lutulentus Dietz, 1894</p><p>– Scales on elytra elongate, much longer than wide, brown, grey or white, the pale scales forming illdefined transverse bands (Fig. 1 K–L) ............................................................................................. 17</p><p>17. Integument of elytra at least partly reddish (Fig. 1L). Endophallus slightly sclerified, not visible at base of body of penis in dorsal view ...............................................  S. pauperculus Wollaston, 1864</p><p>– Integument of elytra entirely black (Fig. 1K). Endophallus sclerified, forming elongated striae at base of body of penis in dorsal view ...................................................................  S. australis sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2049F649FFE1FFD15BBEFCB5FAA2579A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Haran, Julien M.	Haran, Julien M. (2021): The Smicronychini of southern Africa (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): Review of the tribe and description of 12 new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 735: 34-73, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.735.1239
