identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
1B5C8786B8654C19AB97909227B4FD1C.text	1B5C8786B8654C19AB97909227B4FD1C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euphranta Loew	<div><p>Key to species of Euphranta Loew from India (based on David et al., 2013)</p><p>1. Wing fully hyaline with a faint transverse band along crossvein dm-cu................. E. hyalipennis David &amp; Freidberg</p><p>- Wing with either dark transverse bands or apical black patch................................................... 2</p><p>2. Wing with hyaline band extending from cell r1 just beyond pterostigma to posterior margin diagonally, curved up to reach cell r4+5; large apical brown patch with longitudinal hyaline band in cell r2+3.......................... E. klugii (Wiedemann)</p><p>- Wing with transverse hyaline band from cell r1 just beyond pterostigma ending at or before posterior margin, never curved up to reach cell r4+5; devoid of large apical brown patch or, if present, without longitudinal hyaline band in cell r2+3 and hyaline apical spot in cell r4+5................................................................................... 3</p><p>3. Wing with subcostal band continued as costal band and a preapical brown patch covering crossveins dm-cu and r-m........................................................................................ E. macularis (Wiedemann)</p><p>- Wing with subcostal band not continued as costal band; preapical brown patch absent............................... 4</p><p>4. Apex of cell r4+5 without hyaline spot; subapical band over crossvein dm-cu fading and merging with anterior yellow fumose area.................................................................................... E. diffusa David</p><p>- Apex of cell r4+5 with hyaline spot and devoid of yellow fumose area............................................. 5</p><p>5. Wing with a hyaline V-shaped marking extending from anterior margin to cell cu1.............. E. lemniscata (Enderlein)</p><p>- Wing with straight or curved transverse bands, never forming hyaline V-shaped marking............................. 6</p><p>6. Face wholly fulvous or slightly fuscous towards oral margin.................................................... 7</p><p>- Face wholly black, black towards oral margin, or with spots along antennal grooves................................ 10</p><p>7. Wing predominantly hyaline with one or two transverse bands.................................................. 8</p><p>- Wing not predominantly hyaline, with three to four crossbands or apical three-fourths dark brown to black with hyaline inden- tations.............................................................................................. 9</p><p>8. All femora yellow, wing predominantly hyaline, discal band narrowed to end before or at crossvein r-m.. E. cassiae (Munro)</p><p>- Forefemur with apical one-third black, wing with discal band reaching cell dm................. E. pseuodcassiae sp. nov.</p><p>9. Wing hyaline with four discontinuous transverse bands............................................. E. crux (Bezzi)</p><p>- Wing hyaline only in basal quarter; apical three fourths dark brown to black except hyaline indentations in cell r1 that end at vein R4+5, in cell cu1 that extend into cell dm and at apex of cell r4+5........................ E. notabilis (van der Wulp)</p><p>10. Face wholly black; scutum and abdomen shiny black; wing with four discontinuous, transverse bands.. E. nigripeda (Bezzi)</p><p>- Face not wholly black, at least fulvous basally or with two separate black markings............................... 11</p><p>11. Face black towards oral margin.......................................................................... 12</p><p>- Face with two separate black spots....................................................................... 13</p><p>12. Wing with three transverse bands, subapical band fused with preapical band medially................ E. thandikudi David</p><p>- Wing with two transverse bands, subapical band and preapical band not fused..................... .. E. wrightiae sp. nov.</p><p>13. Face with longitudinal marks along antennal foveae; dorsocentral seta vestigial or absent; apex of aculeus with preapical indentation.............................................................................. E. dysoxyli David</p><p>- Face with two subtriangular spots; dorsocentral seta well developed; apex of aculeus acute and without preapical indentation......................................................................... E. haldwanica Hancock &amp; Goodger</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1B5C8786B8654C19AB97909227B4FD1C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	David, K. J.;Singh, Shakti Kumar	David, K. J., Singh, Shakti Kumar (2015): Two new species of Euphranta Loew (Diptera: Tephritidae: Trypetiane) and an updated key for the species from India. Zootaxa 3914 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3914.1.4
1B5C8786B8644C1AAB97941427BAFE2B.text	1B5C8786B8644C1AAB97941427BAFE2B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euphranta pseudocassiae	<div><p>Euphranta pseudocassiae sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 14–21)</p><p>Description. Male. Body length, 5.63 mm; wing 4.4 mm long and 1.50 mm wide.</p><p>Head (Fig.14): 0.78 mm wide, 0.89 mm high, as high as long; frons fulvous with a medial black patch from frontal lunule to ocellar triangle, 2 frontal setae and 1 orbital seta present, all black and acuminate. Antenna 0.76x length of face; scape and pedicel fulvous, first flagellomere fuscous with plumose arista; lateral and medial vertical seta, post ocellar seta well developed, ocellar triangle black with ocellar seta vestigial, postocular setae thin and black. Face fulvous, concave, gena yellow with a stout seta; parafacial yellow, occiput black with medial fulvous marking.</p><p>Thorax (Figs 16 &amp; 17): 2.26 mm long and 1.39 mm wide, scutum dark brown to black except yellow median vitta from transverse suture to scutellum; postpronotal lobe yellow. Pleura dark brown to black except for anepisternal stripe extending from postpronotal lobe to wing base. Anepisternum, katepisternum and anepimeron black. Thorax with full complement of setae except presutural setae; 2 scapular, 1 pospronotal; 1 anterior notopleural, 1 postsutural supra-alar, 1 intra-alar, 1 dorsocentral, 1 prescutellar acrostichal, 1 anepisternal and 1 katepisternal seta. Scutellum yellow with two pairs of setae.</p><p>Legs (Fig. 17): Fore and mid coxa yellow, hind coxa fuscous. All femora fulvous except apical 1/3rd of fore femur with dark fuscous marking; fore femur with ventral setae. Fore, mid and hind tibia light fuscous.</p><p>Wing (Fig. 15): 4.2 mm long and 1.4 mm wide, predominantly hyaline with two transverse bands: discal band extending from pterostigma, reaching cell dm; subapical band fused with anterior apical band. Crossvein r-m placed beyond the level of apex of cell sc.</p><p>Abdomen (Fig. 18): 2.44 mm long and 0.80 mm wide, all tergites dark brown to black except tergite III to V with yellow rectangular marking medially. Epandrium and surstylus as in figures 19 and 20. Glans of phallus well sclerotised with acrophallus and vesica (Fig 21).</p><p>Material examined. Holotype ♂, INDIA: Andhra Pradesh, Araku Valley, 10º18’N 77º38’E, 10.xi.2013, Light trap, Shakti Kumar Singh (NPC).</p><p>Etymology. The species name is based on its resemblance to Euphranta cassiae (Munro) .</p><p>Remarks. This species is similar to E. cassiae with respect to thoracic markings and wing pattern but can be differentiated by the presence of a prominent discal band reaching cell dm and a preapical marking on fore femur.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1B5C8786B8644C1AAB97941427BAFE2B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	David, K. J.;Singh, Shakti Kumar	David, K. J., Singh, Shakti Kumar (2015): Two new species of Euphranta Loew (Diptera: Tephritidae: Trypetiane) and an updated key for the species from India. Zootaxa 3914 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3914.1.4
1B5C8786B8614C1BAB97947A274BFF26.text	1B5C8786B8614C1BAB97947A274BFF26.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euphranta wrightiae	<div><p>Euphranta wrightiae sp. nov.</p><p>Description. Male (Figure 1). Body length, 4.70–5.86 mm; wing length, 3.6–4.53 mm.</p><p>Head (Fig. 2): slightly higher than long, with two frontal setae and single orbital seta, both acuminate, ocellar setae absent or minute, 1 lateral and medial vertical seta each and a row of black, thin postocular setae. Frons fulvous with rectangular black patch, constricted at the level of orbital seta and reaching ocellar tubercle. Antenna as long as or slightly longer than face; first flagellomere orange yellow in proximal half and dark fuscous in distal half. Arista long plumose. Face fulvous with a broad black patch towards epistomal margin, gena, parafacial and occiput yellow.</p><p>Thorax (Figs 4 &amp; 5): Scutum 1.8–2.4 mm long; 1.3–1.5 mm wide, brownish to black in ground colour with broad yellow prescutellar patch, narrowed at the level of anterior supra-alar seta, extending to the level of anterior notopleural seta. Lateral postsutural vittae yellow extending from base of transverse suture to intra-alar seta. Postpronotal lobe yellow with black margin, notopleuron yellow. Thorax with a full complement of setae: 2 scapular, 1 postpronotal, 1 anterior notopleural, 1 posterior notopleural, 1 postsutural supra-alar, 1 postalar, 1 intraalar, 1 prescutellar acrostichal, 2 anepisternal and 1 katepisternal seta. Scutellum yellow with two pairs of scutellar setae, subscutellum and mediotergite brown/black. Pleuron predominantly black without anepisternal stripe. Anatergite black with fine erect hairs; katatergite black.</p><p>Legs (Fig. 5): Coxa and trochanter yellow; fore femur yellow with stout dorsal and ventral spines with a preapical black spot; mid and hind femur fuscous in distal half. Tibiae and tarsi with rows of black setulae, fore tibia fulvous with rows of setulae, mid and hind tibia black basally and fulvous towards the apex.</p><p>Wing (Fig. 3): 3.75–4.5 mm long, 1.3–1.5 mm wide, hyaline with two transverse bands: subapical and posterior apical band; posterior apical band broad, fused with narrow anterior apical band. Pterostigma yellowish brown, crossvein r-m before the level of apex of cell sc.</p><p>Abdomen (Fig. 6–9): 2.2–2.75 mm long, 1–1.3 mm wide; tergites 1–5 black except for a medial yellowish band on tergites II to IV. Epandrium and surstyli as in Figs 7 and 8; glans of phallus weakly sclerotised with well developed patterned acrophallus (Fig. 9).</p><p>Female (Figs 6, 9–10): Relatively large compared with males (body length, 6.45 mm; wing length, 5.5 mm). Oviscape 1.24 mm long; apex of aculeus trilobate with serrated margin (Fig. 10).</p><p>3rd instar larva: Cephalopharyngeal skeleton (Fig. 11): Mandible black, heavily sclerotised with blunt apical tooth, devoid of preapical tooth and mandibular neck. Ventral apodeme broad and perpendicular to dorsal margin of mandible. Dorsal apodeme perpendicular to dorsal margin of mandible. Hypopharyngeal sclerite black and heavily sclerotised with hypopharyngeal bridge beyond the centre of hypopharyngeal sclerite. Labial sclerite well developed and prominent; ventral bridge of pharyngeal sclerite absent. Parastomal bar of pharyngeal sclerite reaching midway of hypopharyngeal sclerite and projected upwards. Dorsal bridge pointed; anterior sclerite absent. Pharyngeal sclerite produced into unbranched dorsal cornua and single branched ventral cornua. Spiracles: Anterior spiracle (Fig. 12) with 19 tubules; posterior spiracle (Fig. 13) sclerotised, with three slits, each slit nearly 3 times as long as wide. Dorsal and ventral spiracular bundles with 5–6 hairs per group; lateral spiracular bundles with 3–5 hairs per bundle.</p><p>Host plant. Wrightia tinctoria R. Br. (Apocynaceae) .</p><p>Material examined. Holotype ♂, INDIA, Karnataka, Bangalore, GKVK Campus, 5. ix. 2014. David, K. J., reared from pods of Wrightia tinctoria (NBAIR). Paratypes, 1♂, same data as holotype, 1♂, same data except 30. viii. 2014, 1♂, same data except 0 9. ix. 2014, 1♀, same data except 10. ix. 2014 (NBAIR)</p><p>Etymology. The species name is derived from the host plant genus, Wrightia .</p><p>Remarks. This species is similar to E. hyalipennis David and Freidberg in possessing a medial yellow patch on scutum, dark brown to black pleuron and preapical spot on forefemur (David et al., 2013) but can be differentiated by the presence of a prominent subapical band, posterior apical band and patterned acrophallus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1B5C8786B8614C1BAB97947A274BFF26	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	David, K. J.;Singh, Shakti Kumar	David, K. J., Singh, Shakti Kumar (2015): Two new species of Euphranta Loew (Diptera: Tephritidae: Trypetiane) and an updated key for the species from India. Zootaxa 3914 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3914.1.4
