identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
3193C2462750549185F08EFACABBD52D.text	3193C2462750549185F08EFACABBD52D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Amanita flavomelleiceps Y. T. Su & Z. H. Chen 2025	<div><p>Amanita flavomelleiceps Y. T. Su &amp; Z. H. Chen sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 4, 5</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>flavomelleiceps, from flavo = yellow, and melleiceps from Amanita melleiceps, is proposed because this species is similar to Amanita melleiceps but has yellowish, felted volval remnants on the pileus.</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>China • Sichuan Province, Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Wuxuhai, altitude 2600 m 10 August 2021, Z. H. Chen, MHHNU 33119 (GenBank accession no. nrLSU: PQ 330908; ITS: PQ 326880; rpb 2: PQ 356792; tef 1 - α: PQ 356798; TUB 2: PQ 356795).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Basidioma (Fig. 4). small to medium. Pileus 2.5–5 cm diameter, convex to plano-convex, lacking a depression or umbo at center, yellowish (3 A 3–5), yellow (4 A 6–8), to yellowish brown (5 C 7–8), often darker at center and becoming paler towards margin; volval remnants on pileus verrucose to felted, 5–7 mm diameter, dirty yellow (3 A 2–4), randomly arranged; margin striate (0.37–0.41 R); trama white (1 A 1), unchanging. Lamellae free, cream (3 A 1), crowded; lamellulae truncate, plentiful. Stipe 5.5–9 cm long × 0.5–1 cm diameter, cylindric and slightly tapering upwards, with apex slightly expanded, dirty white (2 B 1) to white (1 A 1), sometimes with yellowish (3 A 2–3) tinge, covered with yellowish (3 A 3–5) fibrils; hollow in center; basal bulb subglobose, 0.7–1.5 cm diameter, white (1 A 1) to dirty white (2 B 1); volval remnants on stipe base floccose to granular and short limbate volva on limit between stipe and basal bulb, yellowish (3 A 3–5) to cream (3 A 1). Annulus persistent, subapical to median, yellowish (3 A 2–5) to yellow (4 A 5–8), membranous. Odor indistinct.</p><p>Microstructure (Fig. 5). Lamellar trama bilateral. Mediostratum 30–50 μm wide, composed of ellipsoid to clavate inflated cells (25–120 × 15–45 μm); filamentous hyphae fairly abundant, 3–7 μm wide; vascular hyphae scarce. Lateral stratum composed of ellipsoid to cylindrical inflated cells (20–70 × 15–30 μm), diverging at an angle of ca. 30 ° – 40 ° to the mediostratum; filamentous hyphae abundant, 3–5 μm wide. Subhymenium (Fig. 5 a) 40–60 μm thick, with 2–3 layers of subglobose to ellipsoid or irregular cells, 11–25 × 9–20 μm. Basidia (Fig. 5 a) 40–60 × 14–16 μm, clavate, 4 - spored; sterigmata 3–6 μm long; basal septa lacking clamps. Basidiospores (Fig. 5 b) [110 / 4 / 1] (7.0 –) 8.0–10 (– 11.5) × (6.0 –) 7.0–9.0 μm, Q = 1.0–1.22, Q m = 1.06 ± 0.006, mostly subglobose, sometimes broadly ellipsoid, inamyloid, colorless, thin-walled, smooth; apiculus small. Lamellar edge appearing as a sterile strip up to 40–80 μm wide in side view, composed of broadly ellipsoid to long ellipsoid inflated cells (10–25 × 8–15 μm), single and terminal or in chains of 2–3, thin-walled, colorless; filamentous hyphae 2–4 μm wide, irregularly arranged or running parallel to lamellar edge. Pileipellis 110–180 μm thick; suprapellis up to 60–90 μm thick, gelatinized, composed of radially arranged, thin-walled, colorless or sometimes yellow-brown filamentous hyphae 2–6 μm wide; subpellis up to 50–70 μm thick, composed of radially and compactly arranged, filamentous hyphae 2–7 μm wide, yellowish or yellow-brown; vascular hyphae scarce. Volval remnants on pileus (Fig. 5 c) composed of more or less vertically arranged elements; filamentous hyphae scarce, 2–7 μm wide, colorless, thin-walled, branching, anastomosing; inflated cells very abundant to dominant, subglobose or ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid, 26–85 × 17–55 μm, colorless, thin-walled (≤ 0.05 μm), terminal or in chains of 2–3; vascular hyphae scarce. Interior of volval remnants on the stipe base composed of irregularly arranged elements; filamentous hyphae very abundant, 2–6 μm wide, colorless, thin-walled, branching, anastomosing; inflated cells scarce, subglobose to broadly ellipsoid (26–85 × 17–55 μm). Stipe trama composed of longitudinally arranged, clavate terminal cells, 28–130 × 12–80 μm; filamentous hyphae abundant, 2–5 μm wide; vascular hyphae scarce. Annulus dominantly composed of radially arranged elements; filamentous hyphae very abundant, 2–5 μm wide, colorless, thin-walled, branching, anastomosing; inflated cells scattered to fairly abundant, fusiform to elongate, 20–82 × 12–25 μm. Clamps absent in all parts of the basidioma.</p><p>Habitat.</p><p>Solitary to scattered on soil in broadleaved forests with Fagaceae; basidioma occurring in summer.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Currently known from southwestern China, but likely occurs more widely in the region with similar vegetation.</p><p>Commentary.</p><p>Amanita flavomelleiceps sp. nov. can be easily confused with A. altipes Zhu L. Yang, M. Weiss &amp; Oberw, A. muscaria, and A. melleiceps in their similar appearance and habitats. Amanita altipes was described from China by Yang et al. (2004). It has a bigger basidioma with floccose volval remnants and filamentous hyphae abundant to very abundant, and superior annulus (Cui et al. 2018). Amanita muscaria is described from Europe (Gilbert 1940, 1941) and subsequently reported from China (Yang 2005, 2015). It is characterized by its relatively more robust basidioma with a pileus ca. 5–15 cm, white to dirty-white volval remnants on the pileus, and relatively bigger basidiospores (9.0–12.5 × 7.0–8.5 μm) (Cui et al. 2018). Amanita melleiceps was described from Japan by Hongo (1966) and subsequently reported from China (Cui et al. 2018; Yang 2005, 2015). It differs in its honey-yellow pileus, patchy volval remnants on pileus, absent annulus, and relatively narrower basidia (40–55 × 8–11 μm) and basidiospores (8.5–10.5 × 6.0–7.5 μm) (Yang 2005, 2015; Cui et al. 2018).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3193C2462750549185F08EFACABBD52D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Su, Yu-Ting;Xu, Fei;Zhang, Ping;Deng, Peng-Tao;Lai, Meng-Meng;Chen, Zuo-Hong	Su, Yu-Ting, Xu, Fei, Zhang, Ping, Deng, Peng-Tao, Lai, Meng-Meng, Chen, Zuo-Hong (2025): Morphology, multilocus phylogeny, and toxin analysis reveal two new species of Amanita section Amanita (Amanitaceae) from China. MycoKeys 118: 225-244, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.118.141080
35031905BDD45EC5A74EB0A1638E8483.text	35031905BDD45EC5A74EB0A1638E8483.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Amanita parvisychnopyramis Y. T. Su & Z. H. Chen 2025	<div><p>Amanita parvisychnopyramis Y. T. Su &amp; Z. H. Chen sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 6, 7</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Parvisychnopyramis, from parvi = small and sychnopyramis from Amanita sychnopyramis, is proposed because this species is similar to A. sychnopyramis but has smaller basidioma and basidiospores.</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>China • Yunnan Province, Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Zixi Mountain, in a mixed forest with Fagaceae, altitude 1900 m, 28 July 2021, Z. H. Chen and Y. T. Su, MHHNU 32953 (GenBank accession no. nrLSU: PQ 330907; ITS = PQ 326876; RPB 2: PQ 356791; TEF 1 - α: PQ 356797; TUB 2: PQ 356794).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Basidiomata (Fig. 6) Small-sized. Pileus 3–4 cm diameter, applanate, center often depressed, light brown (2 B 3–5) to brownish (3 C 3–4), with a brown center (4 C 5–8), becoming pale brownish (2 B 2–3) toward margin; margin striate (0.25–0.39 R); volval remnants conical to subconical, cream colored (3 A 1) to yellowish (1 B 3–4), radially and compactly arranged over the disk but easily removed; trama white (1 A 1), unchanging. Lamellae free, white (1 A 1); lamellulae truncate, evenly distributed. Stipe 7–8 cm long × 0.5–1 cm diam., dirty white (2 B 1) to white (1 A 1), subcylindrical and slightly tapering upwards, with apex slightly expanded, covered with cream (1 A 2) to yellowish (2 A 2) fibrils, often becoming floccose to patchy near basal bulb; context white (1 A 1), fistulose; basal bulb subglobose to ovate, 0.8–1.2 cm diam., volval remnants on stipe base collar-like, or shortly limbate, cream (3 A 1) to yellowish (1 A 3). Annulus present, superior to subapical, pale brownish (2 B 2–4) to dirty white (3 A 1), membranous, fragile. Odor indistinct.</p><p>Microstructure (Fig. 7), Lamellar trama bilateral. Mediostratum 30–40 μm wide, composed of abundant ellipsoid to long-ellipsoid inflated cells (20–95 × 10–40 μm); abundant filamentous hyphae, 2–4 μm wide; vascular hyphae scarce. Lateral stratum composed of abundant clavate to long-clavate inflated cells (27–65 × 11–25 μm), diverging at an angle of ca. 30 ° – 45 ° toward mediostratum; filamentous hyphae abundant, 3–5 μm wide. Subhymenium (Fig. 7 a) 25–40 μm thick, with 2–3 layers of subglobose to ellipsoid or irregular cells, 11–27 × 9–25 μm. Basidia (Fig. 7 a) 35–56 × 11–15 μm, clavate, 4 - spored; sterigmata 3–6 (– 7) μm long; basal septa lacking clamps. Basidiospores (Fig. 7 b) [100 / 3 / 2] (8.5 –) 9.0–11.0 × 8.0–10.0 μm, Q = 1.0–1.16 (– 1.22), Q m = 1.10 ± 0.08, mostly subglobose and broadly ellipsoid, inamyloid, colorless, thin-walled, smooth; apiculus small. Lamellar edge appearing as a sterile strip, composed of subglobose, broadly ellipsoid to clavate inflated cells (12–25 × 7–15 μm), single and terminal or in chains of 2–3, thin-walled, colorless; filamentous hyphae abundant, 2–4 μm wide, irregularly arranged or running more or less parallel to lamellar edge. Pileipellis 100–125 μm thick; suprapellis up to 60–90 μm thick, gelatinized, composed of radially thin-walled, colorless, filamentous hyphae 2–6 μm wide; subpellis up to 50–75 μm thick, composed of radially and compactly arranged, filamentous hyphae 2–7 μm wide; vascular hyphae scarce. Volval remnants on pileus (Fig. 7 c) composed of ± vertically arranged elements; filamentous hyphae scarce to fairly abundant, 2–6 μm wide, colorless, thin-walled, branching, anastomosing; inflated cells very abundant to dominant, subglobose, fusiform to ellipsoid (15–62 × 8–55 μm), colorless, thin-walled (≤ 0.05 μm), terminal or in chains of 2–3; vascular hyphae scarce. Interior of volval remnants on stipe base dominantly composed of longitudinally arranged elements; filamentous hyphae very abundant, 2–6 μm wide, colorless, thin-walled, branching, anastomosing; inflated cells fairly abundant, subglobose to broadly ellipsoid or clavate (10–81 × 9–40 μm). Stipe trama composed of longitudinally arranged, clavate terminal cells, 10–171 × 8–50 μm; filamentous hyphae scattered to abundant, 2–6 μm wide; vascular hyphae scarce. Annulus dominantly composed of subradially arranged elements; filamentous hyphae abundant, 2–5 μm wide, colorless, thin-walled, branching, anastomosing; inflated cells fairly abundant, clavate to long ellipsoid (26–118 × 23–59 μm), colorless, thin-walled; vascular hyphae rare. Clamps absent in all tissues.</p><p>Habitat.</p><p>Solitary to scattered on soil in broadleaved forests with Fagaceae; basidioma occurring in summer.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Currently known from southwestern China, but likely occurs more widely in other areas with similar vegetation.</p><p>Additional specimen examined.</p><p>China • Yunnan Province: Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Zixi Mountain, in a subalpine forest, altitude 1600 m, 25 August 2022, Ping Zhang, MHHNU 11290 .</p><p>Commentary.</p><p>Amanita parvisychnopyramis sp. nov. also shows some similarities with species in China, including A. collariata Y. T. Su, Zhu L. Yang &amp; Z. H. Chen, A. parvipantherina, and A. sychnopyramis . Amanita collariata was recently described from China (Su et al. 2022), and this species is distinguished from A. parvisychnopyramis sp. nov. by the granular volval remnants on pileus, volval remnants on the collar-like stipe base, relatively smaller basidia (35–53 × 10–15 μm), and narrower basidiospores (10.0–11.5 × 7.0–9.0 μm) (Su et al. 2022). Amanita parvipantherina was described from China by Yang et al. (2004) and subsequently reported from India (Bhatt et al. 2017) and China again (Yang 2005, 2015; Cui et al. 2018). It is characterized by its small- to medium-sized basidioma, verrucose to pyramidal volval remnants on the pileus, and broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid basidiospores (8.5–11.5 × 6.5–8.5 μm) (Yang et al. 2004). Amanita sychnopyramis was described from Japan by Hongo (1971) and subsequently reported from China (Yang 2005, 2015; Cui et al. 2018). The species is characterized by medium-sized basidioma with a median annulus, volval remnants on the pyramidal pileus, and relatively smaller basidia (30–42 × 8–12 μm) and basidiospores (6.5–8.5 × 6.0–8.0 μm) (Yang 2005, 2015; Cui et al. 2018).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/35031905BDD45EC5A74EB0A1638E8483	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Su, Yu-Ting;Xu, Fei;Zhang, Ping;Deng, Peng-Tao;Lai, Meng-Meng;Chen, Zuo-Hong	Su, Yu-Ting, Xu, Fei, Zhang, Ping, Deng, Peng-Tao, Lai, Meng-Meng, Chen, Zuo-Hong (2025): Morphology, multilocus phylogeny, and toxin analysis reveal two new species of Amanita section Amanita (Amanitaceae) from China. MycoKeys 118: 225-244, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.118.141080
