identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
0F5587A2FFE8FF92FF52F9630B2F60F8.text	0F5587A2FFE8FF92FF52F9630B2F60F8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Wedelia tenuinervia Bringel & Alves	<div><p>Wedelia tenuinervia Bringel &amp; Alves, sp. nov. (Figs. 1, 2)</p><p>Type:— BRAZIL. Goiás: Parque Nacional Chapada dos Veadeiros, porteira 25 km W de <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.733334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.126945" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.733334/lat -14.126945)">Alto Paraíso</a> em direção a <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.733334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.126945" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.733334/lat -14.126945)">S. Jorge</a>, 1 km N, 14º07’37’’ S, 47°44’00’’ W, elevation 1195 m, 14 November 2017, M. F. Simon et al. 3191 (holotype CEN barcode 00105341!, isotypes ALCB!, HUFU!, RB!) .</p><p>Wedelia tenuinervia is morphologically similar to W. foliacea but differs from the latter by the leaf with brochidodromous venation, pistillate ray flowers, glandular trichomes on the abaxial surface of the leaf blade, corolla lobes and apical anther appendages; phyllaries abaxial surface strigillose, 6–8 ray flowers; corolla limb of the ray flowers 8–11 mm length and disc cypselae, 4–5-angled, keeled at the angles, without basal scars or elaiosomes, carpopodium inconspicuous (vs. acrodromous venation, neuter ray flower, abaxial surface of the leaf blade, corolla lobes and apical anther appendage lacking glandular trichomes; phyllaries abaxial surface setose or glabrescent, 8–15 ray flowers, corolla limb of the ray flowers 11–32 mm length and disc cypselae biconvex, not keeled, with basal scars or elaiosomes, carpopodium in two plates or one shallowly lobed).</p><p>Cespitose subshrub 7.5–22 cm tall, xylopodium napiform, 5–20 cm diam., multiple aerial stems ca. 1 mm diam., dense to sparsely strigillose, internodes 1.3–4.7 cm long. Leaves opposite, sessile or petiolate, petiole 0.5–1.5 mm long, leaf blade simple, membranaceous, 11–25 × 3–9 mm, ovate, elliptic, narrowly elliptic or obovate, apex acute to obtuse, base cuneate, margin entire to slightly serrulate on the upper 1/2, flat, abaxial and adaxial surfaces strigillose, abaxial surface densely covered with glandular trichomes, venation brochidodromous, with slender secondary veins, slightly discolored. Capitula radiate, heterogamous, solitary on terminal peduncle, peduncle 1.5–9 cm long; involucre campanulate, 2-seriate, 7–11 mm diam.; phyllaries subequal, green, outer phyllaries 6–8 × 2.5–5 mm, ovate, obovate when fruiting, apex acute or obtuse, abaxial surface strigillose, covered with glandular trichomes; inner phyllaries 5–7 × 2.5–4.2 mm, ovate to elliptic or widely elliptic when fruiting, apex acute or obtuse, abaxial surface strigillose, covered with glandular trichomes; receptacle paleaceous, paleas 5.6–6 mm long, oblong to narrowly oblanceolate, slightly conduplicate, yellow with a dark-red spot at apex, apex acute to acuminate, straight or slightly inflexed, abaxial surface sparsely setose at apex or glabrescent. Ray flowers 6–8 per capitula, pistillate, corolla liguliform, yellow, tube ca. 0.8 mm long, glabrescent, limb 10–11 × 4–6 mm, abaxial surface sparsely pubescent, covered with glandular trichomes, style shaft ca. 2 mm long, style branches ca. 1.2 mm long, apex acute, glabrous. Disc flowers 29–30 per capitula, corolla yellow, 3.7–4.6 mm long, 1.4–2 mm diam., tube 1–1.3 mm long., outside sparsely pilose to glabrescent, limb narrowly campanulate to cylindric, 2–2.5 mm long, glabrous or with glandular trichomes at apex; lobes reflexed at anthesis, 0.7–0.8 mm long, outer surface with glandular trichomes, inner surface papillose at margin; stylopodium ca. 0.4 mm long, shortly cylindrical, slightly constricted at base, style shaft ca. 3 mm long; style branches ca. 1.2 mm long, recurved, pubescent at abaxial surface, apex acuminate; anthers 2–2.3 mm long, blackened, apical appendages yellow, ovate, ca. 0.3 mm long, slightly concave, with glandular trichomes on abaxial surface. Cypselae obovoid, 3.2–4.3 × 1.9–3 mm, inconspicuously rostrate, rostrum 0.1–0.2 mm long, 3–4(5)-angled in the ray ones, 4–5 angled in the disc ones, keeled at the angles, sparsely setose at apex, base obtuse to cuneate, lacking elaiosomes or scars, carpopodium inconspicuous; pappus coroniform, fimbriate, 0.4–0.8 mm long, sometimes with irregular and elongate paleaceous segments ca. 1 mm long; with glandular trichomes sparsely scattered along all the pappus.</p><p>Etymology: —The specific epithet refers to the slender secondary veins that make up the brochidodromous venation of the leaf, an unusual venation for Wedelia species that are mostly trinervate (acrodromous or actinodromous venation).</p><p>Distribution, habitat, and conservation status:— Wedelia tenuinervia is restricted to the northeastern portion of Goiás state, within the Chapada dos Veadeiros highlands (Fig. 3). It grows at elevations above 1,000 m, in grassland or shrubby-grassland vegetation, on soils with quartz gravel, and blooming after fire.</p><p>According to the IUCN (2012, 2019) criteria of geographic range (B1,2ab(ii,iii)), W. tenuinervia is considered vulnerable (VU), since it counts six different locations known, covering an area of occupancy of 24 km 2 and an extent of occurrence of 110.29 km 2. Although W. tenuinervia grows in the National Park of Chapada dos Veadeiros, which is a federal conservation park spreading over nearly 2,406 km 2, it was recently observed that anthropogenic pressure has increased between Alto Paraíso city and São Jorge village, near some of its occurrence points. This species is recorded with flowers between June and November, usually after burning. Recently (November 2022), W. tenuinervia was seen in the field without signs of fire, appearing with more spreading stems and with cypselae already dispersed (Fig. 2E).</p><p>Additional specimens examined (paratypes):— BRAZIL. Goiás. Alto Paraíso de Goiás: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.479168&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-13.958333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.479168/lat -13.958333)">Chapada dos Veadeiros</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.479168&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-13.958333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.479168/lat -13.958333)">Divisa do Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros</a>, on road GO-118, 13°57’30’’ S, 47°28’45’’ W, 27 June 2014, R. D. Sartin et al. 620 (CEN) ; Estrada para Vila de São Jorge, próximo ao Jardim de Maytrea, J. Paula-Souza et al. 8601 (SPF) ; GO-118 de Alto Paraíso de Goiás a <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.52861&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.023334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.52861/lat -14.023334)">Teresina</a> de Goiás, 14.8 km N de Alto Paraíso, 14º01’24’’ S, 47º31’43’’W, 06 June 2011, J. B. Bringel &amp; H. J. C. Moreira 817 (CEN, UB) ; GO -118 sentido Alto Paraiso de Goiás — Teresina de Goiás, 11 November 2011, J. B. Bringel et al. 861 (CEN, UB) ; Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros, ao norte do <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.675613&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.096139" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.675613/lat -14.096139)">Morro da Baleia</a>, 14º05’46.1’’ S, 47°40’32.2’’ W, 16 November 2021, S. R. Silva &amp; J. B. A. Bringel 3197 (CEN) ; Parque Nacional Chapada dos Veadeiros, Alto Paraiso-Cruzeiro, 28 September 1995, M. L. Fonseca 654 (IBGE, US [image]) ; Chapada dos Veadeiros, 23 October 1965, A. P. Duarte 9434 (CEN, RB); Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros, Pouso Alto, BR 010 sentido Teresina de Goiás e <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.49861&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-13.973888" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.49861/lat -13.973888)">Cavalcante</a>, lado esquerdo da estrada, estrada de terra para as <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.49861&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-13.973888" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.49861/lat -13.973888)">Cabeceiras do Rio Preto</a>, guarita abandonada, 13º58’26’’ S, 47°29’55’’ W, 26 November 2014, P. Eduardo et al. 148 (CEN, RB) .</p><p>Discussion:— Wedelia tenuinervia can be morphologically related to W. foliacea ( Aspilia foliaceae in Flora e Funga do Brasil, Fig. 4), due to similar vegetative traits. Both species are cespitose subshrubs, with many aerial stems arising from the xylopodium, usually with no more than 30 cm high, heads solitary and leaf blades similar in shape. However, accurate analysis showed W. tenuinervia differs from W. foliacea by the leaves with brochidodromous venation, pistillate ray flowers, glandular trichomes on the abaxial surface of the leaf blade, corolla lobes and apical anther appendages; phyllaries abaxial surface strigillose, 6–8 ray flowers; corolla limb of the ray flowers 8–11 mm length and disc cypselae 4–5-angled, keeled at the angles, carpopodium inconspicuous, without basal scars or elaiosomes (vs. acrodromous venation, neuter ray flower, abaxial surface of the leaf blade, corolla lobes and apical anther appendage lacking glandular trichomes; phyllaries abaxial surface glabrescent to setose, 8–15 ray flowers, corolla limb of the ray flowers 11–32 mm length and disc cypselae biconvex, not keeled, carpopodium in two plates or one shallowly lobed with basal scars or elaiosomes) (Table 1).</p><p>Although W. foliacea is a vegetatively polymorphic species, the differential reproductive characteristics mentioned above are also invariable in all previously analyzed specimens (Robinson1984, Strother 1991, Santos 2001, Alves &amp; Roque 2016, Alves &amp; Bringel 2024). Among the set of differential traits, we highlight the venation, the sexuality of ray flowers (pistillate), cypselae and the pappus morphology as a strong taxonomic signal to corroborate the new taxon here proposed.</p><p>Among Brazilian species with pistillate ray florets, W. tenuinervia is morphologically similar to W. oligocephala Baker (1884: 182, Fig. 5), since both have the cespitose habit with a xylopodium, leaf blades with entire to slightly serrate margins and small capitula. However, W. tenuinervia differs by membranaceous leaf blades with flat margins and brochidodromous venation, solitary capitula, ray cypselae 3–4(5)-angled, and disc cypselae 4–5-angled, keeled at the angles (vs. subcoriaceous leaf blades with revolute margins and acrodromous venation, capitula in dichasia, ray cypselae 3-angled, and disc cypselae 4-angled to biconvex, never keeled in W. oligocephala).</p><p>Based on the morphology of cypselae, W. tenuinervia is related to the Brazilian species included by Baker (1884) in W. sect. Cyathophora Candolle (1836: 538), which have an inconspicuous or lenticular carpopodium that is lacking basal elaiosomes or scars. However, only a comprehensive phylogenetic study in Wedelia could confirm this placement.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0F5587A2FFE8FF92FF52F9630B2F60F8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bringel Jr, João Bernardo De A.;Alves, Maria;Roque, Nádia	Bringel Jr, João Bernardo De A., Alves, Maria, Roque, Nádia (2024): Taxonomic studies in Wedelia (Asteraceae, Heliantheae) reveal a new species for the Brazilian Cerrado. Phytotaxa 647 (2): 177-188, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.647.2.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.647.2.4
0F5587A2FFEEFF9DFF52FAF6083E6291.text	0F5587A2FFEEFF9DFF52FAF6083E6291.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Wedelia foliacea (Sprengel) Turner 1992	<div><p>Wedelia foliacea (Sprengel) Turner (1992: 392) .</p><p>Viguiera foliacea Sprengel (1826: 616) . Aspilia foliacea (Spreng.) Baker (1884: 193) .</p><p>Type:— BRAZIL. s.d., F. Sellow s.n. (holotype P [P 02090132] image!).</p><p>Anomostephium oblongifolium Candolle (1836: 560) .</p><p>Type:— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: “Serra do Frio”, 1833, A.- C. Vauthier 317 (holotype G-DC [G00455136] image!; isotype P [P 02585647] image!).</p><p>Anomostephium ellipticum Candolle (1836: 560) . Aspilia elliptica (DC.) Baker (1884: 192) . Wedelia elliptica (DC.) Turner (1992: 392) .</p><p>Type:— BRAZIL. “v.s. herb. in h. Mus. reg. Par. à Mus. imp. Brasiliensi sub n. 409 miss.” s.d., anonymous s.n. [probably F. Sellow] (holotype P [P 00709894] image!).</p><p>Wedelia lundii Candolle (1836: 539) .</p><p>Type:— BRAZIL. São Paulo: “ad Mogi flum.”, 1833, P. W. Lund 862 (holotype G-DC [G00455247] image!; isotype: C [not seen]).</p><p>Viguiera elegans Gardner (1848: 397–398) . Aspilia elegans (Gardner) Bentham (1873: 372) ex Jackson (1893: 217) .</p><p>Type:— BRAZIL. Tocantins: “Hab. In dry upland Campos near Villa de Arrayas [Arraias municipality]”, April 1840, G. Gardner 3860 (lectotype K [K000895404] image!, designated here; isolectotypes BM [BM000797401] image!, E [E00433331] image!, G [G00222357, G00222358] images!, K [K000895405] image!, NY [NY00277944, NY00277946] images!, P [P 00709902, P 00709903, P 00709904] images!, W [W 18890105206] image!).</p><p>Anomostephium angustifolium Gardner (1848: 290) . Aspilia foliacea var. angustifolia (Gardner) Baker (1884: 193) .</p><p>Type:— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Serra de Piedade, September 1840, G. Gardner 4932 (bis) (holotype BM [BM000832651] image!).</p><p>Viguiera glabra Gardner (1848: 398) .</p><p>Type:— BRAZIL. Goiás: “Hab. Open upland Campos, near Nossa Senhora d’Abadia”, May 1840, G. Gardner 4236 (lectotype K [K000895402] image!, designated here; isolectotypes BM [BM000797372], image!, BR [BR 0000005235773] image!, G [G00222361, G00222362] images!, GH [GH00013996] image!, K [K000895401, K000895403] images!, NY [NY00277953, NY00277955] images!, E [E00433328] image!, P [P 00709901, P 00709910, P 00709911, P 00709912] images!, US [US 00125084] image!, W [W 0042775] image!).</p><p>Viguiera hirsuta Gardner (1848: 397) . Aspilia foliacea var. hirsuta (Gardner) Baker (1884: 193) .</p><p>Type:— BRAZIL. Ceará: “Hab. Dry open places on the Serra de Araripe”, November [October in specimen label] 1838, G. Gardner 1731 (lectotype K barcode K000054410 image!, designated here; isolectotypes BM [BM000797399] image!, BR [BR 0000005236107] image!, G [G00222359, G00222360] images!, GH [GH00014078] image!, K [K000054411] image!, NY [NY 277967, NY277968] images!, P [P 00709906, P 00709907, P 00709908] images!).</p><p>Aspilia foliacea var. oblonga Baker (1884: 193) .</p><p>Type:— BRAZIL. Goiás: “inter Bom-Jesus et Fazenda Secca”, s.d., Pohl 495 (lectotype W [W 0042874] image!, designated by Santos (2001: 153); isolectotypes K [K000487670, K001067771] images!, NY [NY00622242] image!).</p><p>Aspilia pusilla Baker (1884: 193) .</p><p>Type:— BRAZIL. “Habitat in campis apertis, Brasiliae australis ad fazenda Hypolito”, s.d., F. Sellow 860 (holotype K [K000487669] image!).</p><p>Aspilia burchellii Schultz-Bipontinus [in sched.] ex Baker (1884: 194). Wedelia burchellii (Sch.-Bip. ex Baker) Turner (1992: 391).</p><p>Type:— BRAZIL. Goiás: “in campis nuper crematis prope Chapadão de S. Marcos”, L. Riedel 2490 (lectotype P [P 00709887] image!, designated here; isolectotypes: K [K001067785, K001067786] images!, NY [NY00158622] image!, P [P 00709888] image!). Remaining syntypes: BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: “inter Piperâo [Pibarão] et S. Domingos”, s.d., Burchell 5888 (K [K00955701] image!); BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: “inter As Antas et Forquilho”, s.d., Burchell 6199 (K [K00955701] image!); BRAZIL. s.d., J.E. Pohl 496 (K [K001067770] image!, P [P 02090133] image!).</p><p>Distribution and Habitat:— Wedelia foliacea is widely distributed through Brazilian Cerrado domain in open savanna vegetation, or grasslands (states of Rondônia, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Tocantins, Goiás, Bahia, Minas Gerais, São Paulo) and some spots of grasslands in Mata Atlântica (Minas Gerais, Paraná) and Pampa (Rio Grande do Sul) domains (Santos 2024). This species is also found in Caaguazú, Paraguay (Zuloaga et al. 2008).</p><p>Discussion:— Wedelia foliacea (= Aspilia foliacea sensu Santos 2001) is a species with a huge morphological variation that comprises ten heterotypic synonyms.Although its nomenclature was carefully reviewed by Santos (2001), new updates are still needed. The basionym of W. foliacea was described under Viguiera Kunth by Kurt Sprengel (1826), using a gathering made by Sellow in Brazil, without a collection number or specific locality. According to Stafleu &amp; Cowan (1985), the Asteraceae specimens from Sprengel’s herbarium was sold to Schultz Bipontinus (Cosson herbarium, currently at P).</p><p>We found a specimen (P 02090132) in the P herbarium collected by Sellow and identified by Sprengel as Viguiera foliacea, as indicated by the original label from his herbarium. Although this specimen consists of only one flowering stem, mounted on the same sheet as two other gatherings (P 02090133, P 02090134), it is the only one we found that we can be sure belongs to the protologue of Viguiera foliacea . Therefore, we accepted it as the holotype in accordance with Turland et al. (2018, article 9.1).</p><p>A probable duplicate of this specimen from Sprengel’s herbarium (potentially an isotype) was lost during the World War II. It was labelled as Sellow B 861. (c) 1098 (negative 15213, IRN: 226617) and was pointed out by Tropicos (2024) as a type. According to Carvalho et al. (2023), the numbering pattern on this label suggests it was gathered during the expedition of Sellow’s journey III. Its small label, with the notation “Barra do Para ”, refers to a locality visited by Sellow between November and December 1818 (Urban 1906), near the Municipality of Pitangui in the state of Minas Gerais. However, the limited information in the protologue of Viguiera foliacea raises doubts about the association of duplicates.</p><p>Gardner (1848: 397, 398) described Viguiera elegans, V. glabra, and V. hirsuta based on a collection that included a large number of duplicates. As the author did not indicate any material as a reference (holotype), a lectotype should be selected for each species in accordance with Turland et al. (2018).Additionally, Aspilia burchellii Sch.Bip. ex Baker (1884:194) was described based on four syntypes, and a lectotype is also proposed here. Therefore, in all of these cases, we chose the lectotypes considering the most representative specimen according to the original description and the coherence of label information.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0F5587A2FFEEFF9DFF52FAF6083E6291	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bringel Jr, João Bernardo De A.;Alves, Maria;Roque, Nádia	Bringel Jr, João Bernardo De A., Alves, Maria, Roque, Nádia (2024): Taxonomic studies in Wedelia (Asteraceae, Heliantheae) reveal a new species for the Brazilian Cerrado. Phytotaxa 647 (2): 177-188, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.647.2.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.647.2.4
