identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
0A68182DFF82F866FF39F842EA16F844.text	0A68182DFF82F866FF39F842EA16F844.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tenuipalpidae Berlese	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Family  Tenuipalpidae Berlese</p>
            <p> Type genus.  Tenuipalpus Donnadieu, 1875</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A68182DFF82F866FF39F842EA16F844	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Beard, Jennifer J.;Ochoa, Ronald	Beard, Jennifer J., Ochoa, Ronald (2011): New flat mite genera (Acari: Trombidiformes: Tenuipalpidae) associated with Australian sedges (Cyperaceae). Zootaxa 2941: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.204686
0A68182DFF81F864FF39FF46E965FADA.text	0A68182DFF81F864FF39FF46E965FADA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gahniacarus	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Gahniacarus gen. nov. Beard &amp; Ochoa </p>
            <p> Type species.  Gahniacarus tuberculatus Beard &amp; Ochoa</p>
            <p> Diagnosis. Adult female. Body elongate (approximately 4 times longer than wide); anterior margin of propodosoma without projections. All dorsal setae inserted on tubercles except h1–2; setal pair c1 inserted on single central tubercle. Dorsal setae v2, sc1, sc2, c1, c3, d1, d3, e3, f2, f3, h1, h2 present. Most dorsal setae thick, strongly barbed, except sc1 sometimes elongate; setae h1 minute, barbed; h2 fine, elongate with minute club. Venter finely plicate; setae 1a, 1b, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 4a1, 4a2, 4b, ag1, g1, g2, ps1, ps2 present. Setae 1a, 1b, 4a1–2 elongate, extremely fine distally. Palps 3-segmented, with setal formula 0, 2, 0(2); palp tarsus with two eupathidia. Leg chaetotaxy (Table 1): no setae are added to femora, genua or tibiae during development; ge I – IV are nude in all stages; tr I – IV with one seta, v’. Seta v’ on tr IV is the only addition to the female (i.e. female leg chaetome matches deutonymph except v’ tr IV). Male has the same leg chaetotaxy as female except for the addition of a solenidion (ω ’) to ta I – IV (3 known only for  G. tuberculatus ). </p>
            <p> Immatures. Larva (known only for  G. tuberculatus ) with posterior opisthosomal setae e3, f3, h1 minute. Protonymph with posterior opisthosomal setae f3, h1 minute; setae e3 minute (  G. gersonus ) or similar to other dorsal setae (  G. tuberculatus ). Deutonymph with posterior opisthosomal setae h1 minute; setae f3 minute (  G. gersonus ) or similar to other dorsal setae (  G. tuberculatus ). Seta v’ is added to tr I – III in deutonymph and to tr IV in adult. The leg chaetotaxies of the larva and protonymph are identical to those found on  Cyperacarus gen. nov. (Table 1). </p>
            <p> continued next page Remarks.  Gahniacarus gen. nov. can be separated from  Cyperacarus gen. nov. by the presence of dorsal opisthosomal setae f3 (absent in  Cyperacarus ), and by the size of setae d1, which is similar in size to the other dorsal setae in  Gahniacarus , but minute in  Cyperacarus . The two new genera,  Gahniacarus and  Cyperacarus , have dorsal opisthosomal setae c1 present, dorsal opisthosomal setae e1 absent and nude ge I–IV. In comparison, the two previously known tenuipalpid genera associated with  Cyperaceae in Australia possess the following characters: dorsal opisthosomal setae c1 absent, dorsal opisthosomal setae e1 present, ge I–IV  Acaricis 2-2-1-0,  Prolixus 2-1- 0-0. See Table 2 for further morphological differences. </p>
            <p> Etymology. This genus is named for the genus of plant on which it was collected,  Gahnia J.R.Forst. &amp; G.Forst. (Cyperaceae) . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A68182DFF81F864FF39FF46E965FADA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Beard, Jennifer J.;Ochoa, Ronald	Beard, Jennifer J., Ochoa, Ronald (2011): New flat mite genera (Acari: Trombidiformes: Tenuipalpidae) associated with Australian sedges (Cyperaceae). Zootaxa 2941: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.204686
0A68182DFF80F86AFF39FA13E8ACFCCB.text	0A68182DFF80F86AFF39FA13E8ACFCCB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gahniacarus tuberculatus	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Gahniacarus tuberculatus sp. nov. Beard &amp; Ochoa </p>
            <p>(Figs 1 a, 2–8)</p>
            <p> Types. Holotype. Ƥ. Australia, Queensland, Base of Mt Hedley, Home Rule, Far North Queensland, 15°44’56” S 145°17’17” E, 21.vi.2005, ex. rough saw sedge  Gahnia aspera (R.Br.) Spreng. sensu lato (  Cyperaceae ) in margin of notophyll vineforest (BRI voucher PIF31002), J.J. Beard (QM, UQIC #89123). Paratypes. 22 Ƥ, 8 3, 5 deutonymphs, 3 protonymphs, larva, all same data as Holotype (QM; UQIC# 16 specimens, 14 slides: Ƥ 89108– 128 (Ƥ with long sc1 89119, 89128); Ƥ, 3, DN, PN, larva 89140; Ƥ+DN 89141; 3 89129–34; 3+DN 89142; DN 89135–36; PN 89137–38; L 89139). </p>
            <p>Diagnosis. Adult female. (Figs 1 a, 2 – 4) As per genus, in addition to: setae sc1 similar in length to other dorsal setae, inserted on large rounded tubercles; setal pairs c1–c1 and d1–d1 each inserted on single tubercle; f2 and f3 tubercles contiguous; large tubercles (not bearing setae) present between sc1–c1, laterad c1, posterad c1, posterad d1. Dorsal opisthosomal setae e3, f2, f3 present.</p>
            <p>Immatures. (Figs 6 – 8). Larva with posterior opisthosomal setae e3, f3, h1 minute, setae f2 similar to other dorsal setae. Protonymph with posterior opisthosomal setae f3, h1 minute and setae f2, e3 similar to other dorsal setae. Deutonymph with posterior opisthosomal setae h1 minute and setae f2, f3, e3 similar to other dorsal setae (f3 obviously shorter than f2, e3). Opisthosomal setae f3 migrate anteriorly with each nymphal moult, and are inserted anterior to f 2 in the adult (Figs 2, 6, 7). Differences in how an individual mite is mounted and the direction in which setae are flattened can alter the apparent insertion point of setae f3 (Fig. 6). The tubercles on which setae f2, f3 are inserted are contiguous.</p>
            <p> Remarks. Setae f2 and f3 are inserted on contiguous tubercles on adult  Gahniacarus tuberculatus , whereas setae f2 and f3 are inserted on well separated tubercles on  G. gersonus ; prodorsal setae sc1 are similar in size to other dorsal setae in  G. tuberculatus , whereas sc1 are elongate and tapered in  G. gersonus . </p>
            <p>Adult female. (15 measured).</p>
            <p>Dorsum. (Figs 1 a, 2) Body measurements: v2 –h1 210 – 237 [235] (v2 – tip of protuberance 217 – 246 [245]), sc2– sc2 74 – 80 [77], c3–c3 87 – 92 [89], f3–f3 45 – 59 [57]. All dorsal setae, except h1–h2, inserted on large tubercles: setae sc1 inserted on a pair of large rounded tubercles; setal pairs c1–c1 and d1–d1 each inserted on single tubercle; tubercles f2–f3 contiguous; additional non-seta bearing tubercles present posterad sc1, laterad c1, mesad c3 and posterad d1. Setae h1–h2 inserted beneath a tubercle-like posterior projection. Dorsal cuticle mostly smooth, with some minor transverse grooves and plicae posterior to setae c1 and some oblique plicae posterior to setae d1. Most dorsal setae thick, barbed, of subequal length; setae h1 minute; h2 elongate, barbed with minute distal club; all other dorsal setae thick, heavily barbed; barbs on prodorsal setae longer than those on opisthosoma: v2 37 – 41 [40 – 41], sc1 57 – 91 [67 – 80] (two specimens with elongate sc1, 115 – 126 (89119, 89128)), sc2 33 – 43 [39 – 42], c1 52 – 66 [59 – 60], c3 34 – 40 [35 – 40], d1 57 – 66 [61], d3 40 – 46 [45], e3 46 – 53 [47 – 48], f2 44 – 55 [49 – 54], f3 41 – 50 [49], h1 2 – 4 [3 – 4], h2 126 – 148 [141].</p>
            <p> Gnathosoma . (Fig. 2)  Gnathosoma extends to genu I. Dorsal cuticle with longitudinal plicae laterally; ventral cuticle anterior to setae 1b finely papillate, longitudinal plicae between 1b–1b and 1b–1a. Ventral setae m absent. Palps three segmented; setal formula: 0, 2, 0(2); tibia with two setae (d 11 – 12; v 10 – 11); tarsus with two eupathidia (6 – 7; 5 – 6) [7; 5]. Cheliceral stylets 115 – 127. </p>
            <p> Venter. (Fig. 3) Cuticle of ventral  gnathosoma finely papillate; remaining cuticle completely plicate, covered with fine, mostly transverse plicae; transverse plicae between setae 1a–g1; plicae longitudinal in coxal fields III – IV and laterad genital flap; plicae oblique on genital flap. Setae g1 inserted anterior to g2 on genital flap. All setae fine, smooth; setae 1a, 1b, 4a1, 4a2 elongate, fine (difficult to consistently determine full length). Setal measurements: 1a 69 – 119 [69], 1b 54 – 82 [67 – 82], 2b 22 – 32 [30 – 32], 2c 20 – 28 [24 – 25], 3a 30 – 37 [32 – 36], 3b 19 – 32 [20], 4a1 53 – 105 [76], 4a2 64 – 99 [99], 4b 19 – 26 [21], ag 19 – 25 [19], g 1 23 – 32 [32], g 2 21 – 31 [27 – 30], ps 1 15 – 19 [16 – 18], ps 2 15 – 18 [16]. </p>
            <p>Spermathecal apparatus. (Fig. 3) Cylindrical vesicle, curled distally (27 – 32) [28].</p>
            <p>Legs. (Fig. 4) Setal formulae for legs I – IV: 1-1-3-0-5-7(1), 2-1-3-0-5-7(1), 1-1-2-0-3-3, 1-1-2-0-3-3 respectively. Tarsi I and II each with one antiaxial solenidion ω ” (5 – 6, 4 – 5 respectively) and two distal eupathidia p ζ ’- p ζ ” (7 – 8, 7 – 8; 6 – 7, 7 respectively); ta I – IV with u’-u” asymmetrically barbed. Femur I with long, barbed dorsal seta (31 – 40) [32 – 37].</p>
            <p>Colour. This species is yellow with small black spots visible internally (presumed to be food in the gut).</p>
            <p>Adult male. (8 measured).</p>
            <p>Dorsum. (Fig. 5) Body measurements: v2 –h1 181 – 200, sc2–sc2 68 – 72, c3–c3 70 – 75, f3–f3 45 – 46. Dorsal cuticle mostly smooth; band of weak transverse plicae anterior to setae c1. Setae sc1, c3, d3, e3, f2 inserted on large rounded tubercles; setae v2, sc2, c1, d1, f3 inserted on smaller tubercles (tubercles f2, f3 contiguous); setae h1–2 inserted under posterior tubercle-like protuberance. Setae h1 short; h2 elongate with minute distal club; all other dorsal setae thick, heavily barbed. Setal measurements: v 2 29 – 32, sc 1 27 – 30, sc 2 30 – 39, c 1 24 – 28, c 3 29 – 32, d 1 20 – 26, d 3 30 – 34, e3 36 – 40, f2 35 – 39, f3 33 – 36, h1 5 – 7, h2 114 – 148.</p>
            <p> Gnathosoma . (Fig. 5)  Gnathosoma extends just past genu I. Dorsal cuticle with longitudinal plicae laterally; ventral cuticle with fine longitudinal plicae anterior to setae 1b. Ventral setae m absent. Palps three segmented; setal formula: 0, 2, 0(2); tibia with two setae (d 10 – 11, v 9); tarsus with two eupathidia (6 – 7; 4 – 6). Cheliceral stylets 89 – 92. </p>
            <p> Venter. Cuticle completely plicate, covered with fine, mostly transverse plicae; plicae longitudinal between  gnathosoma –1a, transverse between 1a–4a2; band of strong plicae and folds between coxae IV; plicae longitudinal in coxal fields III – IV; plicae oblique posterior 4a1–2, oblique to transverse ag–g1 (plicae longitudinal/oblique laterad anus, arching anteriorly to become transverse anterior g1–2). Setae ps1 modified to short thick spurs. All setae fine; setae 1a, 1b, 4a1, 4a2 elongate (difficult to consistently determine full length). Setal measurements: 1a 77 – 117, 1 b 44 – 76, 2 b 22 – 26, 2 c 19 – 24, 3 a 28 – 31, 3 b 17 – 20, 4 a1 63 – 78, 4 a2 42 – 72, 4 b 15 – 20, ag 14 – 17, g 1 13 – 19, g 2 14 – 15, ps1 6 – 7, ps 2 11 – 15. </p>
            <p>Aedeagus. (Fig. 5) Sclerotised elongate, narrow arrow-head shaped aedeagus (28 – 33), with long, narrow membranous tube (up to 85), indistinguishable distally.</p>
            <p>Legs. (Fig. 5) Setal formulae same as adult female except ω ’ present on ta I – IV: 1-1-3-0-5-8(2), 2-1-3-0-5- 8(2), 1-1-2-0-3-4(1), 1-1-2-0-3-4(1) respectively. Tarsi I and II each with two solenidion (ta I paraxial ω ’ 8 – 9, antiaxial ω ” 7 – 8; ta II paraxial ω ’ 8, antiaxial ω ” 6 – 7) and two distal eupathidia p ζ ’-p ζ ” (7 – 8, 8 – 9; 8, 6 – 7 respectively); tarsi III and IV each with one paraxial solenidion ω ’ (8, 8 – 9 respectively); ta I – IV u’-u” asymmetrically barbed. Femur I with long, barbed dorsal seta (27 – 32).</p>
            <p>Deutonymph. (5 measured).</p>
            <p>Dorsum. (Fig. 6) Body measurements: v2 –h1 170 – 228, sc2–sc2 64 – 73, c3–c3 70 – 82, f3–f 3 31 – 43. Cuticle mostly smooth with some transverse plicae mesally sc2–d1. Setae sc1, c1, c3, d1, d3, e3, f2 inserted on rounded tubercles (tubercles f2, f3 contiguous); additional tubercles between setae sc1, anterior c3, on posterior margin of opisthosoma. Setae h1–2 inserted under posterior tubercle-like protuberance. Setae f3 short; h1 minute; setae h2 elongate, barbed, with minute club; all other setae thick, heavily barbed. Setal measurements: v 2 30 – 35, sc 1 31 – 47, sc 2 24 – 31, c 1 24 – 34, c 3 28 – 30, d 1 23 – 35, d 3 27 – 32, e 3 29 – 36, f 2 27 – 32, f 3 13 – 18 (one specimen 6), h1 1 – 2, h2 112 – 126.</p>
            <p> Gnathosoma .  Gnathosoma extends to genu I. Ventral cuticle anterior to setae 1b finely papillate; cuticle with longitudinal plicae between setae 1b–1b and 1b–1a. Ventral setae m absent. Palp with three segments; setal formula: 0, 2, 0(2); tibia with two setae (d 10, v 8); tarsus with two eupathidia (6, 5). Cheliceral stylets 97 – 103. </p>
            <p> Venter. Cuticle completely plicate, covered mostly with transverse plicae; plicae longitudinal from  gnathosoma to setae 1a; plicae transverse between 1a–g1; plicae oblique laterad ps1–2. All ventral setae fine; setae 1a, 1b, 4a1, 4a2 elongate (difficult to determine full length). Setal measurements: 1a 63 – 104, 1 b 37 – 56, 2 b 15 – 20, 2 c 16 – 20, 3 a 13 – 23, 3 b 13 – 20, 4 a1 38 – 53, 4 b 10 – 12, ag 7 – 11, g 1 5 – 12, ps1 6 – 7, ps2 6. </p>
            <p>Legs. Setal formulae same as adult female except tr IV nude: 1-1-3-0-5-7(1), 2-1-3-0-5-7(1), 1-1-2-0-3-3, 1-0- 2-0-3-3 respectively. Tarsi I and II each with one antiaxial solenidion ω ” (4 – 5; 4 respectively) and two distal eupathidia p ζ ’-p ζ ” (6, 6; 6, 6 respectively); ta I – IV u’-u” asymmetrically barbed. Femur I with long, barbed dorsal seta (25 – 34).</p>
            <p>Protonymph. (3 measured).</p>
            <p>Dorsum. (Fig. 7) Body measurements: v2 –h1 161, sc2–sc2 65, c3–c3 66, f3–f3 29. Cuticle with smooth area anteriorly on prodorsum and posteriorly between setae d1–h1; transverse plicae between setae sc2–d1. Setae sc1, c1, d3, e3, f2 inserted on rounded tubercles (tubercles e3, f2 contiguous); additional tubercles between setae sc1, laterad c1, posterior margin of opisthosoma. Setae h1, h2 inserted under posterior tubercle-like projection. Setae f3, h1 minute; h2 elongate, barbed, with minute club; all other setae thick, strongly barbed: v 2 28 – 31, sc1 34 – 35, sc 2 31 – 32, c 1 25 – 29, c 3 26 – 27, d 1 22 – 23, d 3 27 – 28, e 3 24 – 28, f 2 20 – 21, f3 1 – 2, h1 1, h2 95.</p>
            <p> Gnathosoma .  Gnathosoma extends beyond genu I. Ventral cuticle anterior setae 1b finely papillate; cuticle with longitudinal plicae between setae 1b–1b and 1b–1a. Ventral setae m absent. Palps with three segments; setal formula: 0, 2, 0(2); tibia with two setae (d 8 – 9, v 7); tarsus with two eupathidia (6, 4). Cheliceral stylets 88. </p>
            <p> Venter. Cuticle completely plicate, mostly covered with transverse striae; plicae longitudinal from  gnathosoma to 1a; plicae transverse 1a–ag; plicae oblique laterad ps1–2. Setae fine; setae 1a, 1b elongate (difficult to determine full length). Setal measurements: 1a 57 – 61, 1 b 43, 2 c 7 – 10, 3 a 30, 3 b 8, ag 4, ps1 4, ps2 4. </p>
            <p>Legs. Setal formulae for legs I – IV: 1-0-3-0-5-7(1), 1-0-3-0-5-7(1), 1-0-2-0-3-3, 0-0-2-0-3-3 respectively. Tarsi I and II each with one antiaxial solenidion ω ” (4; 3 respectively) and two distal eupathidia p ζ ’-p ζ ” (6, 6; 5, 5 respectively); ta I – IV u’-u” asymmetrically barbed. Femur I with long, barbed dorsal seta (24 – 25). Larva. (3 measured)</p>
            <p>Dorsum. (Fig. 8) Body measurements: v2 –h1 132, sc2–sc2 63, c3–c3 70, f3–f3 26. Cuticle almost entirely plicate with mostly transverse plicae between setae sc2–d1; central prodorsum and posterior opisthosoma with smooth cuticle. Dorsum with large rounded tubercle anterior to setae c1. Most opisthosomal setae set on small tubercles, except e3, f3, h1. Most dorsal setae of subequal length, thick, strongly barbed, except setae e3, f3, h1 minute; h2 elongate, lightly barbed basally: v2 23, sc 1 29 – 31, sc 2 28 – 29, c 1 22 – 23, c 3 25 – 26, d 1 26 – 29, d 3 26 – 27, e3 2, f 2 26 – 27, f3 1 – 2, h1 1 – 2, h2 98 – 100.</p>
            <p> Gnathosoma . (Fig. 8)  Gnathosoma extends beyond tibia I. Ventral cuticle longitudinal; ventral setae m absent. Palps with three segmented; 0, 2, 0(2); tarsus with two eupathidia (6; 2); tarsus with two setae (d 7 – 9, v 6 – 7). Cheliceral stylets 80. </p>
            <p>Venter. Plicae on cuticle fine, difficult to see, mostly transverse with longitudinal plicae between setae 1b–1a; transverse plicae between setae 1a–ps2, oblique laterad ps1–2. Setal measurements: 1a 79 – 94, 1 b 32, 3 a 25, ps1 2, ps2 3.</p>
            <p>Legs. (Fig. 8) Setal formulae for legs I – IV: 1-0-3-0-5-6(1), 0-0-3-0-5-6(1), 0-0-2-0-3-3 respectively. Tarsi I and II each with one antiaxial solenidion ω ” (3, 3 respectively) and two distal eupathidia p ζ ’-p ζ ” (5, 6; 5, 5 respectively); ta I – IV u’-u” asymmetrically barbed. Femur I with long, barbed dorsal seta (17 – 18).</p>
            <p> Host. Rough saw sedge,  Gahnia aspera sensu lato (  Cyperaceae ) growing along margin of notophyll vineforest. </p>
            <p>Distribution. Mt Hedley, Far North Queensland.</p>
            <p>Remarks. Live individuals of this species are yellow in colour and live within grooves on the ventral surface of the leaf blade of its sedge host plant.</p>
            <p>Etymology. This species is named for the tubercles present over the dorsum. The Latin word “tuber” means swelling.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A68182DFF80F86AFF39FA13E8ACFCCB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Beard, Jennifer J.;Ochoa, Ronald	Beard, Jennifer J., Ochoa, Ronald (2011): New flat mite genera (Acari: Trombidiformes: Tenuipalpidae) associated with Australian sedges (Cyperaceae). Zootaxa 2941: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.204686
0A68182DFF8EF869FF39FC05EC9CF868.text	0A68182DFF8EF869FF39FC05EC9CF868.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gahniacarus gersonus	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Gahniacarus gersonus sp. nov. Beard &amp; Ochoa </p>
            <p>(Figs 1 b, 9–11)</p>
            <p> Types. Holotype. Ƥ. Australia, New South Wales, Mt Alexander Reserve, Mittagong, 34°27’26”S, 150°27’00”E, 24.iv.2005, ex. red-fruited saw sedge  Gahnia sieberiana Kunth. (Cyperaceae) (BRI voucher # PIF30818), J.J. Beard (QM). Paratypes. Same data as holotype: 4 Ƥ (separate slides), 6 Ƥ (same slide), 2 Ƥ (same slide), 1 deutonymph, 1 protonymph (QM); 3 Ƥ, on separate slides (USNM). </p>
            <p>Diagnosis. Adult female (Figs 1 b, 9). As per genus, in addition to: setae sc1 inserted on weakly developed tubercles, elongate; setal pair c1-c1 inserted on tubercle; f2 and f3 tubercles separated; large tubercles (not bearing setae) present between sc1-c1, posterad c1. Dorsal opisthosomal setae e3, f2, f3 present.</p>
            <p>Immatures (Figs 10–11). Larva not known. Protonymph with posterior opisthosomal setae e3, f3, h1 minute and setae f2 similar to other dorsal setae. Deutonymph with posterior opisthosomal setae f3, h1 minute and setae d1, e3, f2 similar to other dorsal setae.</p>
            <p> Remarks. Setae f2 and f3 are inserted on well separated tubercles in  G. gersonus , whereas setae f2 and f3 are inserted on contiguous tubercles in  Gahniacarus tuberculatus ; prodorsal setae sc1 are elongate and tapered in  G. gersonus , whereas setae sc1 are similar in size to other dorsal setae in  G. tuberculatus . </p>
            <p>Adult female. (15 measured).</p>
            <p>Dorsum. (Figs 1 b, 9) Body measurements: v2 –h1 287 – 315, sc2–sc2 75 – 86, c3–c3 81 – 92, f3–f3 37 – 42. Dorsal cuticle variable, with some indication of a prodorsal shield: oblique plicae mesad setae sc2 and eyes; transverse plicae posterad prodorsal shield to level of c3; cuticle between c1–e2 mostly smooth with some oblique grooves and plicae associated with tubercles; longitudinal plicae present between f3–f3. Setae c1 inserted together on large single central tubercle; setae sc1, c3, d3, e3, f2 on large tubercles; single smooth tubercle present posterad c1. Setae sc1 obviously elongate, strongly barbed; h1 minute, barbed; h2 elongate, smooth with minute distal club; all other dorsal setae thick with dorsal surface strongly barbed, almost pubescent (especially basally) and ventral surface smooth: v2 37 – 43, sc1 171 – 215, sc2 32 – 38, c1 43 – 58, c 3 31 – 35, d1 45 – 53, d3 35 – 41, e3 33 – 40, f2 48 – 55, f 3 28 – 38, h1 3, h2 150 – 166.</p>
            <p> Gnathosoma . (Fig. 9)  Gnathosoma elongate, as long as leg I. Dorsal cuticle with longitudinal plicae; ventral cuticle finely papillate anterad setae 1b. Ventral setae m absent. Palps with three segments; 0, 2, 0(2); tibia with two setae (d 13 – 16, v 10 – 13); tarsus with two eupathidia (5 – 6, 7 – 9). Cheliceral stylets 147 – 158. </p>
            <p> Venter. Cuticle with fine, mostly transverse, plicae; plicae longitudinal on ventral  gnathosoma to setae 1a; plicae transverse between 1a -ag, becoming thicker and more widely spaced laterally between leg II – III (similar to dorsal plicae); plicae on genital flap longitudinal laterally, arching anteriorly around g1; plicae longitudinal to oblique laterad genito-anal region. Setae g1 and g2 on genital flap. All ventral setae fine, smooth. Setal measurements: 1a 63* – 146, 1 b 64 – 84, 2 b 18 – 30, 2 c 15 – 22, 3 a 20 – 25, 3 b 13 – 21, 4 a1 49 – 77, 4 a2 48 – 80, 4 b 10 – 19, ag 18 – 20, g 1 18 – 25, g 2 16 – 24, ps 1 13 – 19, ps 2 10 – 15 (* = broken). Setae 1a, 1b, 4a1, 4a2 elongate, fine (difficult to consistently determine full length); setae 2b and 2c widely separated. </p>
            <p>Spermatheca. (Fig. 9) A long narrow tube from the genital opening (anterad seta ps2) terminates in a small blunt-tipped, narrow, cylindrical vesicle (10 – 11).</p>
            <p>Legs. (Fig. 9) Setal formula for legs I – IV: 1-1-3-0-5-7(1), 2-1-3-0-5-7(1), 1-1-2-0-3-3, 1-1-2-0-3-3 respectively. Tarsi I and II each with one antiaxial solenidion ω ” (5 – 7, 4 – 5 respectively) and two distal eupathidia p ζ ’- p ζ ” (7 – 8, 6 – 7; 6 – 8, 6 respectively); ta I – IV u’-u” asymmetrically barbed. Femur I with long, barbed dorsal seta (50 – 62). Tenent hairs increasing in length, shortest basally to longest distally.</p>
            <p>Colour. This species is lemon green with small black spots internally (presumably food in the gut).</p>
            <p>Adult male. Unknown.</p>
            <p>Deutonymph. (1 measured).</p>
            <p>Dorsum. (Fig. 10) Body measurements: v2 –h1 258, sc2–sc2 78, c3–c3 82, f3–f3 43. Cuticle completely plicate, mostly transverse plicae, with some longitudinal plicae on prodorsum between v2 –sc1 and posteriorly between setae d1–h1. Setae f3, h1 minute; setae h2 elongate, smooth; all other setae thick, strongly barbed: v 2 23 – 24, sc1 52, sc 2 27 – 28, c1 23, c 3 25 – 27, d1 24, d 3 26 – 29, e 3 20 – 22, f 2 29 – 30, f3 3, h1 2, h2 91.</p>
            <p> Gnathosoma . (Fig. 10)  Gnathosoma elongate, as long as leg I. Ventral setae m absent. Palps with three segments; formula 0, 2, 0(2); tibia with two setae (d 11, v 8); tarsus with two eupathidia (5, 8). Cheliceral stylets 119. </p>
            <p> Venter. Cuticle completely plicate; longitudinal plicae on ventral  gnathosoma to setae 1a, transverse plicae 1a– g1; oblique plicae laterad ps1–2 (anal region); lateral plicae between legs II – III stronger and more widely separated than medial plicae. Setal measurements: 1a 47* – 92, 1 b 32, 2 b 17 – 18, 2 c 14 – 15, 3 a 16, 3 b 11, 4 a 1 41, 4 b 8, ag 9, g1 7 – 8, ps1 6 – 7, ps2 4 (* = broken). Setae 4a2, g2 absent. </p>
            <p>Legs. (Fig. 10) Setal formulae for legs I – IV: 1-1-3-0-5-7(1), 2-1-3-0-5-7(1), 1-1-2-0-3-3, 1-0-2-0-3-3 respectively. Tarsis I and II each with one antiaxial solenidion ω ” (4, 3 respectively) and two distal eupathidia p ζ ’-p ζ ” (7, 6; 6, 6 respectively); ta I – IV u’-u” asymmetrically barbed. Femur I with long, barbed dorsal seta (31).</p>
            <p>Protonymph. (1 measured).</p>
            <p>Dorsum. (Fig. 11) Body measurements: v2 –h1 202, sc2–sc2 72, c3–c3 77, f3–f3 31. Cuticle completely plicate, mostly transverse plicae, with some longitudinal plicae on prodorsum between setae v2 –sc1 and posteriorly between setae d1–h1. Setae e3, f3, h1 minute; h2 elongate with minute club; all other setae thick, strongly barbed: v 2 8 – 10, sc1 29, sc 2 21 – 22, c1 16, c 3 23 – 24, d 1 12 – 15, d 3 24 – 25, e3 3 – 5, f 2 18 – 19, f3 1 – 2, h1 1 – 2, h2 74.</p>
            <p> Gnathosoma . (Fig. 11)  Gnathosoma almost as long as leg I. Band of oblique plicae ventro-lateral margins. Ventral setae m absent. Palps with three segments; formula 0, 2, 0(2); tibia with two setae (d 9 – 10, v 7 – 8); tarsus with two eupathidia (5, 7). Cheliceral stylets 93. </p>
            <p> Venter. Cuticle completely plicate; plicae longitudinal  gnathosoma to setae 1a, transverse 1a–ag, oblique laterad ps1–2. Setal measurements: 1a 42 – 48, 1 b 36 – 42, 2 c 9, 3a 11, 3 b 5, ag 3, ps1 3, ps2 3. Setae 2b, 4a1, 4a2, 4b, g1, g2 absent. </p>
            <p>Legs. (Fig. 11) Setal formulae for legs I – IV: 1-0-3-0-5-7(1), 1-0-3-0-5-7(1), 1-0-2-0-2-3, 0-0-2-0-3-3 respectively. Tarsus I and II each with one antiaxial solenidion (3, 2 – 3 respectively) and two distal eupathidia p ζ ’-p ζ ” (5, 5; 5, 4 respectively). Femur I with long, barbed dorsal seta (19).</p>
            <p>Larva. Unknown.</p>
            <p> Host. Red-fruited saw sedge,  Gahnia sieberiana (Cyperaceae) , growing in open eucalypt forest along a watercourse, in clay soil. </p>
            <p>Distribution. Mt Alexander Reserve, Mittagong, New South Wales, Australia.</p>
            <p>Remarks. Individuals of this species wedge their bodies into the longitudinal grooves on the ventral surface of the leaf blades of the host plant. Once in the grooves, the adult mites extend their elongate anterior (sc1) and posterior setae (h2) out over the surface of the leaf blade. Numbers of mites were higher towards the tip of the leaf blades than near the base.</p>
            <p>Etymology. This species is named for our colleague and fellow tenuipalpiphile, Uri Gerson.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A68182DFF8EF869FF39FC05EC9CF868	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Beard, Jennifer J.;Ochoa, Ronald	Beard, Jennifer J., Ochoa, Ronald (2011): New flat mite genera (Acari: Trombidiformes: Tenuipalpidae) associated with Australian sedges (Cyperaceae). Zootaxa 2941: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.204686
0A68182DFF91F875FF39FF46ECACFB55.text	0A68182DFF91F875FF39FF46ECACFB55.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cyperacarus	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Cyperacarus gen. nov. Beard &amp; Ochoa </p>
            <p> Type species.  Cyperacarus naomae Beard &amp; Ochoa</p>
            <p> Diagnosis. Adult female. Body elongate (approximately 3 times longer than wide); anterior margin of propodosoma with three prominent projections—a single median projection without setae, and a pair of prominent lateral projections each bearing setae v2. Dorsal setae sc1, h2 elongate, tapered. Dorsal lateral setae sc1, c3, d3, e3, f2 inserted on prominent tubercles; setal pairs c1-c1 and d1-d1 not inserted on single tubercles. Dorsal setae v2, sc1, sc2, c1, c3, d1, d3, e3, f2, h1, h2 present; setae f3 absent. Most dorsal setae broad, with strong lateral barbs, finely pubescent on dorsal surface and smooth ventrally, except setae sc1 elongate barbed; setae c1 short; setae d1, h1 minute, barbed; h2 with minute club. Venter finely plicate; setae 1a, 1b, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 4a1, 4a2, 4b, ag, g1, g2, ps1, ps2 present. Setae 1a, 1b, 4a1-2 elongate, extremely fine distally. Palps 3-segmented, with setal formula 0, 2, 0(2); palp tarsus with two eupathidia. Leg chaetotaxy: nude trochanters and genua (male with v’ on tr I); no additions from deutonymph to female (v’ tr I, l’ fe I, ω’ ta I – IV are added from deutonymph to male); female fe I with 3 setae (male fe I with 4 setae). Leg chaetotaxy in all stages almost identical to that of  Gahniacarus , except  Cyperacarus with nude trochanters in all stages and male adds one seta to fe I (l’) (Table 1). </p>
            <p> Immatures. Opisthosomal setal pair c1, inserted on single central tubercle, is much longer in immature stages than in the adult. Larva with posterior opisthosomal setae d1, e3, h1 minute, and setae f2 short. Protonymph with posterior opisthosomal setae d1, e3, h1 minute, and setae f2 similar to other dorsal setae. Deutonymph with posterior opisthosomal setae d1, h1 minute, and setae e3, f2 similar to other dorsal setae. Leg chaetotaxy: no setae added to the larval complement on the femora, genua or tibiae during development; tr I – IV and ge I – IV are nude in all stages. The leg chaetotaxies of the larva and protonymph are identical to those found on  Gahniacarus gen. nov. (Table 1). </p>
            <p> Remarks.  Cyperacarus can be separated from  Gahniacarus gen. nov. by the absence of dorsal opisthosomal setae f3 (present in  Gahniacarus ), and by the size of setae d1 which is minute in  Cyperacarus , but similar in size to other dorsal setae in  Gahniacarus . The two new genera  Gahniacarus and  Cyperacarus both have dorsal opisthosomal setae c1 present, dorsal opisthosomal setae e1 absent and nude ge I-IV. In comparison, the two previously known tenuipalpid genera associated with  Cyperaceae in Australia possess the following characters: dorsal opisthosomal setae c1 absent, dorsal opisthosomal setae e1 present, ge I-IV  Acaricis 2-2-1-0,  Prolixus 2-1-0-0. See Table 2 for further morphological differences. </p>
            <p> Etymology. This genus is named for the family of plants on which it was collected,  Cyperaceae . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A68182DFF91F875FF39FF46ECACFB55	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Beard, Jennifer J.;Ochoa, Ronald	Beard, Jennifer J., Ochoa, Ronald (2011): New flat mite genera (Acari: Trombidiformes: Tenuipalpidae) associated with Australian sedges (Cyperaceae). Zootaxa 2941: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.204686
0A68182DFF91F87BFF39FAE4ECD3FA5D.text	0A68182DFF91F87BFF39FAE4ECD3FA5D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cyperacarus naomae	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Cyperacarus naomae sp. nov. Beard &amp; Ochoa </p>
            <p>(Figs 1 c, 12–19)</p>
            <p> Types. Holotype. Ƥ. Australia, Queensland, Windsor Tableland Forest Reserve, Far North Queensland, 16°13’56” S 145°00’26” E, 11.v.2005, ex. red-fruited saw sedge  Gahnia sieberiana Kunth. (Cyperaceae) (BRI voucher PIF30943), J.J. Beard (QM, UQIC #88927). Paratypes. 5 Ƥ, 3 3, 3 deutonymphs, protonymph, 5 larvae, same data as Holotype (QM, separate slides); Ƥ, 2 3, 4 deutonymphs, 3 protonymphs, Forest Reserve 607, track to Kahlpahlim Rock, Lamb Range, Far North Queensland, 17°34’24” S 145°37’29” E, 09.iv.2005, ex. red-fruited saw sedge  Gahnia sieberiana (Cyperaceae) (BRI voucher PIF30639), J.J. Beard (separate slides; QM); 3, protonymph (same slide); 2 Ƥ (same slide) (QM). (QM #: Ƥ 88919, 88923, 88927 – 29, 89041; 2 Ƥ 88940; 3 88907, 88938, 88936, 89045 – 46; DN 88942, 88949, 88952, 89047 – 49; PN 88957, 89050, 89052, no number; larvae 88910 – 11, 88944 – 45, 88948). </p>
            <p>Diagnosis. Adult female (Figs 1 c, 12–13). As per genus, in addition to: setae c1 short, thick, barbed; setae d1 short to minute, barbed; male with dorsal setae sc1 not elongate, subequal in length with setae v2.</p>
            <p>Immatures (Figs 16–19). Larva with posterior opisthosomal setae d1, e3 and h1 minute, setae f2 short. Protonymph with posterior opisthosomal setae d1, e3 and h1 minute, setae f2 similar to other dorsal setae. Deutonymph with posterior opisthosomal setae d1 and h1 minute, setae e3, f2 similar to other dorsal setae.</p>
            <p>Adult female. (9 measured).</p>
            <p>Dorsum. (Figs 1 c, 12) Body measurements: v2 –h1 265 – 301, sc2–sc2 91 – 102, c3–c3 106 – 122, f2–f2 58 – 63. Dorsal cuticle mostly smooth, with some minor transverse grooves and plicae between setae sc2 and c1. A dorsal shield or dorsal thickening is evident, marked laterally by a change in cuticle. Anterior margin of prodorsum with three projections, one large rounded central and two smaller lateral projections, on which setae v2 are inserted (on antiaxial margin of projections). Setae sc1, c3, d3, e3, f2 inserted on large rounded tubercles. Setae sc1 thick, elongate, barbed; c1 short, bushy; d1, h1 minute, barbed; h2 elongate, barbed with minute distal club; all other dorsal setae broad, thick, dorsoventrally flattened, with strong lateral barbs; dorsal surface of setae finely spiculate (Fig. 12, detail), ventral surface smooth, with a median keel: v 2 22 – 30 [26], sc1 192 – 216 [198 – 200], sc2 33 – 42 [33 – 35], c 1 9 – 14 [10 – 11], c3 34 – 41 [35 – 38], d1 3 – 6 [6], d3 34 – 42 [36 – 42], e3 36 – 41 [38 – 40], f2 34 – 41 [34 – 40], h1 3 – 7 [5], h2 156 – 190 [156 – 167].</p>
            <p> Gnathosoma . (Fig. 12)  Gnathosoma extends to distal margin of genu I. Dorsal cuticle with longitudinal plicae; ventral cuticle finely papillate with some transverse striae anterior to setae 1b. Ventral setae m absent. Palps with three segments; formula 0, 2, 0(2); tibia with two setae (d 13 – 14, v 9 – 11); tarsus with two eupathidia (8 – 9; 4 – 5). Cheliceral stylets 109 – 116. </p>
            <p>Venter. (Fig. 13) Cuticle completely plicate, covered with fine, mostly transverse plicae, between setae 1a–g2; some anterior longitudinal plicae between setae 1b–1a; plicae longitudinal and oblique laterad genital flap, becoming transverse anterior to genital flap. Setae g1 inserted in an anterior position to g2 on genital flap. All setae fine, smooth; setae 1a, 1b, 4a1, 4a2 elongate, fine (difficult to consistently determine full length). Setal measurements: 1a 63* – 119 [119], 1b 62 – 84 [64], 2b 18 – 34 [32], 2c 15 – 26 [22], 3a 18 – 29 [25], 3b 22 – 30 [24], 4a1 37* – 103 [62 – 81], 4a2 40* – 88 [60 – 83], 4b 18 – 28 [23], ag 18 – 21 [21], g 1 17 – 25 [20], g 2 15 – 25 [25], ps 1 11 – 16 [11], ps 2 13 – 19 [13] (* = broken).</p>
            <p>Spermatheca. (Fig. 13) An elongate, cylindrical vesicle (15 – 18) [16].</p>
            <p>Legs. (Figs 12, 13) Setal formulae for legs I – IV: 1-0-3-0-5-7(1), 2-0-3-0-5-7(1), 1-0-2-0-3-3, 1-0-2-0-3-3 respectively. Tarsi I and II each with one antiaxial solenidion ω ” (5 – 7, 4 – 5 respectively) and two distal eupathidia p ζ ’-p ζ ” (7 – 8, 6 – 7; 6 – 8, 6 respectively); ta I – IV u’-u” asymmetrically barbed. Femur I with long, barbed dorsal seta (24 – 34).</p>
            <p>Colour. This species is yellow to orange with small black spots internally (presumably food in gut).</p>
            <p>Adult male. (6 measured).</p>
            <p>Dorsum. (Fig. 14) Body measurements: v2 –h1 217 – 221, sc2–sc2 90 – 93, c3–c3 107 – 108, f2–f2 55 – 56. Dorsal cuticle mostly smooth. Three dorsal shields evident. Setae c3, d3, e3, f2 inserted on tubercles. Setae sc1 not elongate; d1, h1 short, barbed; h2 elongate, barbed with minute distal club; all other dorsal setae thick, dorsoventrally flattened, with strong lateral barbs; dorsal surface finely spiculate, ventral surface smooth. Setal measurements: v2 40 – 49, sc1 32 – 47, sc2 35 – 41, c 1 11 – 20, c 3 28 – 38, d 1 6 – 12, d3 35 – 41, e3 36 – 46, f2 37 – 43, h1 3 – 8, h2 163 – 194.</p>
            <p> Gnathosoma . (Fig. 14)  Gnathosoma extends to distal end of femur leg I. Ventral cuticle finely papillate with some transverse plicae anterior to setae 1b. Ventral setae m absent. Palps with three segments; formula 0, 2, 0(2); tarsus with two eupathidia (4 – 7; 6 – 8); tibia with two setae (d 12 – 14, v 9 – 10). Cheliceral stylets 85 – 87. </p>
            <p>Venter. (Fig. 15) Cuticle completely plicate, covered with fine, mostly transverse, plicae; plicae longitudinal between setae 1b–1a, transverse between 1a–4a2; band of strong plicae and striae between 4a1–ag posterad level with coxae IV; transverse plicae posterior to g1–g2 becoming longitudinal lateral to ps1–2 around anal opening. Setae ps1 modified to short thick spurs. All setae fine; setae 1a, 1b, 4a1, 4a2 elongate (difficult to consistently determine full length). Setal measurements: 1a 63 – 109, 1 b 46 – 84, 2 b 19 – 33, 2 c 18 – 24, 3 a 20 – 29, 3 b 19 – 25, 4 a1 64 – 86, 4 a2 49 – 69, 4 b 15 – 24, ag 14 – 23, g 1 12 – 24, g 2 11 – 20, ps1 6 – 9, ps 2 9 – 14.</p>
            <p>Aedeagus. (Fig. 15) Sclerotised, elongate arrow-head shaped organ (31 – 35) with a narrow membranous tube, widened into funnel-shape distally (11 long, 10 wide), opening into a membranous vesicle.</p>
            <p>Legs. (Fig. 14) Setal formulae same as female except additions v’ on trI, l’ fe I and ω’ on taI – IV: 1-1-4-0-5- 8(2), 2-0-3-0-5-8(2), 1-0-2-0-3-4(1), 1-0-2-0-3-4(1) respectively. Tarsi I and II each with two solenidion (ta I paraxial ω ’ 10 – 12, antiaxial ω ” 7 – 9; ta II paraxial ω ’ 8 – 10, antiaxial ω ” 6 – 9) and two distal eupathidia p ζ ’-p ζ ” (6 – 7, 6 – 7; 5 – 6, 6 – 7 respectively); tarsi III and IV each with one paraxial solenidion ω ’ (9 – 10; 10 – 11 respectively); ta I – IV u’-u” asymmetrically barbed. Femur I with long, barbed dorsal seta (59 – 70).</p>
            <p>Deutonymph. (7 measured)</p>
            <p>Dorsum. (Figs 16, 17) Body measurements: v2 –h1 199 – 231, sc2–sc2 73 – 86, c3–c3 90 – 103, f2–f2 42 – 51. Cuticle mostly smooth with some transverse plicae between setae sc2–c3. Projections on anterior margin of propodosoma absent (Fig. 16) or present (Fig. 17). Central tubercles with setal pairs c1 and d1 vestigial (Fig. 16) or developed (Fig. 17). Setae sc1 elongate, barbed; d1, h1 minute; setae h2 elongate, barbed, with minute club; all other setae thick, dorsoventrally flattened, strongly barbed; dorsal surface finely spiculate, ventral surface smooth. Setal measurements: v 2 15 – 19, sc1 140 – 172, sc 2 27 – 33, c 1 15 – 23, c 3 24 – 29, d1 4 – 5, d 3 24 – 29, e 3 21 – 29, f 2 25 – 29, h1 2 – 4, h2 118 – 151.</p>
            <p> Gnathosoma . (Fig. 16)  Gnathosoma extends to distal margin genu leg I. Ventral cuticle finely papillate. Ventral setae m absent. Palps with three segments; formula 0, 2, 0(2); tibia with two setae (d 11 – 12, v 9 – 10); tarsus with two eupathidia (6 – 7, 2 – 4). Cheliceral stylets 84 – 95. </p>
            <p>Venter. Cuticle completely plicate, covered mostly with transverse striae; plicae longitudinal between setae 1b– 1a, transverse 1a–g1 with some mixed plicae anterior to 3a; plicae oblique g1–ps2. All ventral setae fine; setae 1a, 1b, 4a1, 4a2 elongate (difficult to determine full length). Setal measurements: 1a 68 – 91, 1 b 36 – 46, 2 b 10 – 16, 2 c 12 – 18, 3 a 12 – 18, 3 b 11 – 15, 4 a1 36 – 60, 4 b 10 – 15, ag 7 – 10, g 1 6 – 10, ps1 6 – 8, ps 2 8 – 11.</p>
            <p>Legs. (Fig. 16) Setal formulae same as female, and same as protonymph except additions cx II 2 c, cx IV 4 b: 1- 0-3-0-5-7(1), 2-0-3-0-5-7(1), 1-0-2-0-3-3, 1-0-2-0-3-3 respectively. Tarsi I and II each with one antiaxial solenidion ω ” (3 – 4; 3 respectively) and two distal eupathidia p ζ ’-p ζ ” (4 – 6, 4 – 6; 4 – 6, 4 – 6 respectively); ta I – IV u’-u” asymmetrically barbed. Femur I with long, barbed dorsal seta (24 – 32).</p>
            <p>Protonymph. (4 measured).</p>
            <p>Dorsum. (Fig. 18) Body measurements: v2 –h1 180, sc2–sc2 69, c3–c3 66, f2–f2 29. Cuticle with smooth area anteriorly on prodorsum and posteriorly between setae d1–h1; strong transverse plicae between setae sc2–d1. Dorsum with 2 central seta-bearing tubercles — anterior tubercle with setal pair c1, posterior tubercle with setal pair d1. Setae sc1 elongate, barbed; v2, e3 short; setae d1, h1 minute; h2 elongate, barbed, with minute club; all other setae thick, strongly barbed: v 2 9 – 12, sc1 120 – 127, sc 2 23 – 33, c 1 21 – 28, c 3 23 – 27, d1 3 – 4, d 3 23 – 28, e 3 5 – 16, f 2 19 – 26, h1 2 – 3, h2 76 – 116.</p>
            <p> Gnathosoma . (Fig. 18)  Gnathosoma extends to tibia leg I. Ventral setae m absent. Palps with three segmented; formula 0, 2, 0(2); tibia with two setae (d 8, v 7); tarsus with two eupathidia (6, 3). Cheliceral stylets 78. </p>
            <p>Venter. Cuticle completely plicate, mostly covered with transverse striae; plicae longitudinal between setae 1b– 1a, transverse 1a–ag with some mixed plicae anterior to 3a; plicae oblique laterad ps1–2, mixed between ag–ps2. Setae fine; setae 1a, 1b elongate (difficult to determine full length). Setal measurements: 1a 31 – 74, 1 b 25 – 47, 2 c 10 – 14, 3 a 11 – 18, 3 b 10 – 12, ag 3 – 9, ps1 3 – 5, ps2 3 – 4.</p>
            <p>Legs. (Fig. 18) Setal formulae for legs I – IV: 1-0-3-0-5-7(1), 1-0-3-0-5-7(1), 1-0-2-0-3-3, 0-0-2-0-3-3 respectively. Tarsi I and II each with one antiaxial solenidion ω ” (2 – 3, 2 – 3 respectively) and two distal eupathidia p ζ ’- p ζ ” (5, 5; 4 – 5, 4 – 5 respectively); ta I – IV u’-u” asymmetrically barbed. Femur I with long, barbed dorsal seta (12).</p>
            <p>Larva. Dorsum. (Fig. 19) Body measurements: v2 –h1 135 – 136, sc2–sc2 57 – 58, c3–c3 66 – 69, e3– e 3 28 – 29. Cuticle entirely plicate with mostly transverse plicae, some longitudinal plicae on prodorsum. Dorsum with three rounded tubercles aligned medially - anterior tubercle without setae; setae c1 inserted together on central tubercle; setae d1 inserted together on posterior tubercle. Setae sc1 elongate, barbed; v2, f2 short; setae d1, e3, h1 minute; h2 elongate, barbed; all other setae thick, strongly barbed: v2 4 – 7, sc1 53 – 68, sc 2 24 – 34, c1 38 – 43, c 3 31 – 38, d1 3 – 4, d3 32 – 38, e3 3 – 4, f2 7 – 9, h1 1 – 3, h2 92 – 138.</p>
            <p> Gnathosoma . (Fig. 19)  Gnathosoma extends beyond proximal margin of genu I. Ventral setae m absent. Palps with three segments; formula 0, 2, 0(1); tibia with two setae (d 9, v 7); tarsus with one eupathidion (6). Cheliceral stylets 68 – 74. </p>
            <p>Venter. Plicae on cuticle fine, difficult to see, mostly transverse with longitudinal plicae between setae 1b–1a. Setal measurements: 1a 38 – 77, 1 b 16 – 31, 3 a 8 – 16, ps1 3 – 4, ps2 3 – 4.</p>
            <p>Legs. (Fig. 19) Setal formulae for legs I – IV: 1-0-3-0-5-6(1), 0-0-3-0-5-6(1), 0-0-2-0-3-3 respectively. Tarsi I and II each with one short antiaxial solenidion ω ” (2, 2 respectively) and two distal eupathidia p ζ ’-p ζ ” (4 – 5, 5; 4, 4 respectively); ta I – IV u’-u” asymmetrically barbed. Femur I with long, barbed dorsal seta (11).</p>
            <p> Host. Red-fruited saw sedge,  Gahnia sieberiana (Cyperaceae) . </p>
            <p>Distribution. Windsor Tableland and Lamb Range, Far North Queensland.</p>
            <p> Remarks. Two adult female specimens have abnormally elongate dorsal setae e3, 41 – 76 compared with 36 – 41. The larval and protonymphal leg chaetotaxy of this species match that of  G. gersonus and  G. tuberculatus . However the deutonymph differs in that no setae are added to the trochanters (whereas v’ is added to tr I – III in  G. gersonus and  G. tuberculatus ). The leg chaetotaxy of the adult female matches that of the deutonymph, i.e. there are no additions (whereas v’ is added to tr IV in  G. gersonus ,  G. tuberculatus ). Like male  G. tuberculatus (male  G. gersonus not known), v’ is added to tr I and solenidion ω ’ is added to all tarsi of male  C. naomae . species name in italics; however this species differs in also adding l’ to fe I. </p>
            <p>The ventral grooves on the leaf blades of the host plant are shallow. Mites were more commonly found at the tip of the blade than elsewhere on the blade. At the tip of the blade the leaf curls over on itself forming a tube and the longitudinal grooves are slightly wider and appear to be slightly deeper. Mites were more common on outer leaf blades than on the inner unfurled leaves.</p>
            <p>Etymology. This species is named in loving memory of Naomi Armstrong-Beard.</p>
            <p>†genua IV nude in original description (Meyer 1979), genua IV with one seta in Mesa et al. (2009).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A68182DFF91F87BFF39FAE4ECD3FA5D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Beard, Jennifer J.;Ochoa, Ronald	Beard, Jennifer J., Ochoa, Ronald (2011): New flat mite genera (Acari: Trombidiformes: Tenuipalpidae) associated with Australian sedges (Cyperaceae). Zootaxa 2941: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.204686
0A68182DFF9FF878FF39F9E8E92EFC83.text	0A68182DFF9FF878FF39F9E8E92EFC83.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cyperacarus foliatus	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Cyperacarus foliatus sp. nov. Beard &amp; Ochoa </p>
            <p>(Figs 20–21)</p>
            <p> Types. Holotype. Ƥ. Australia, Queensland, Hook Point to Dilli Village Road, Great Sandy National Park, Fraser Island, 25°41’46” S 153°04’22” E, 02.ix.2004, ex. red-fruited saw sedge  Gahnia sieberiana Kunth. var. sieberiana (Cyperaceae) (BRI voucher PIF30171), J.J. Beard &amp; P.I. Forster (QM, UQIC #59686). </p>
            <p>Diagnosis. Adult female (Figs 20–21). As per genus, in addition to: setae c1 and d1 minute, smooth; dorsal lateral opisthosomal setae broad. Male unknown.</p>
            <p>Immatures. Unknown.</p>
            <p>Adult female. (1 measured)</p>
            <p>Dorsum. (Fig. 20) Body measurements: v2 –h1 286 (tip of anterior projection to h1 324), sc2–sc2 91, c3–c3 108, f2–f2 56. Dorsal cuticle mostly smooth, with few transverse grooves and folds between setae sc2 and c1. Dorsal shield or dorsal thickening evident, marked laterally by a change in cuticle. Anterior margin of prodorsum with three projections—a broad, rounded central projection, flanked by two smaller lateral projections each bearing setae v2. Lateral setae sc1, c3, d3, e3, f2 inserted on rounded tubercles. Setae sc1, h2 elongate, barbed with minute distal club; c1, d1, h1 minute; all other dorsal setae broad, dorsoventrally flattened, with strong lateral barbs; dorsal surface of setae finely spiculate, ventral surface smooth: v 2 25 – 27, sc1 242 – 258, sc2 34 – 35, c1 4, c3 32 – 33, d1 4, d3 35 – 37, e3 37, f2 36, h1 2 – 3, h2 173 – 176.</p>
            <p> Gnathosoma . (Fig. 20)  Gnathosoma extends to middle of genu I. Dorsal cuticle with longitudinal plicae; ventral cuticle finely papillate medially; longitudinal plicae between setae 1b–1a. Ventral setae m absent. Palps 3-segmented; 0, 2, 0(2); tibia with two setae (d 14, v 10 – 11); tarsus with two eupathidia (8 – 9; 4). Cheliceral stylet length from curve of hook to anterior tip 107. </p>
            <p>Venter. (Fig. 21) Cuticle completely plicate, covered with fine, transverse plicae between setae 1a–g2; some anterior longitudinal plicae between setae 1b–1a; plicae on genital flap transverse, arching anteriorly around setae g1–g2. Setae g1 inserted in an anterior position to g2 on genital flap. All setae fine, smooth; setae 1a, 1b, 4a1, 4a2 elongate, fine (difficult to consistently determine full length). Setal measurements: 1a 56 – 72, 1 b 50, 2 b 14 – 18, 2 c 17 – 20, 3 a 20 – 24, 3 b 13 – 16, 4 a1 78, 4 a 2 71, 4 b 16 – 18, ag 12 – 17, g 1 14 – 17, g 2 19 – 21, ps 1 9 – 10, ps2 7 – 8.</p>
            <p>Spermatheca. (Fig. 21) Cylindrical vesicle (14).</p>
            <p>Legs. (Fig. 20) Setal formulae for legs I – IV: 1-0-3-0-5-7(1), 2-0-3-0-5-7(1), 1-0-2-0-3-3, 1-0-2-0-3-3 respectively. Tarsi I and II each with one short antiaxial solenidion ω ’ (4, 3 respectively) and two distal eupathidia p ζ ’- p ζ ’’ (7 – 8, 6 – 7; 7 – 8, 6 – 7 respectively); ta I – IV with u’-u’’ asymmetrically barbed.</p>
            <p>Colour. This species is orange with small black spots internally (presumed to be food in gut).</p>
            <p>Male. Unknown.</p>
            <p>Remarks. As only one specimen is known for this species, the true range and variability of measurements remains unknown. The tip of the spermathecal apparatus is truncate and presumed to be damaged.</p>
            <p> Etymology. The masculine Latin word “  foliatus ” means “leafy” and refers to the leaf-like setae on the opisthosoma of this species. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A68182DFF9FF878FF39F9E8E92EFC83	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Beard, Jennifer J.;Ochoa, Ronald	Beard, Jennifer J., Ochoa, Ronald (2011): New flat mite genera (Acari: Trombidiformes: Tenuipalpidae) associated with Australian sedges (Cyperaceae). Zootaxa 2941: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.204686
0A68182DFF9CF878FF39FC5AEDCAF94B.text	0A68182DFF9CF878FF39FC5AEDCAF94B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tenuipalpidae	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Key to  Tenuipalpidae on  Cyperaceae in Australia </p>
            <p>1. Dorsal opisthosomal setae c1, d1 present, setae e1 absent (Figs 2, 9, 12, 20); genua I – IV nude....................... 2</p>
            <p>- Dorsal opisthosomal setae c1 absent, setae d1, e1 present (Figs 22 – 25); genua I – II with setae, genu III with or without setae..................................................................................................... 5</p>
            <p> 2. Dorsal opisthosomal setae e2 absent, setae e3, f2, f3 present (Figs 2, 9); trochanters I – IV with one seta (v’); anterior margin of prodorsum without projections.................................................. 3  Gahniacarus Beard &amp; Ochoa</p>
            <p> - Dorsal opisthosomal setae e2, f3 absent, setae e3, f2 present (Figs 12, 20); trochanters I – IV nude (except male tr I with one seta, v’); anterior margin of prodorsum with three projections (a pair of conical projections (each bearing setae v2) flanking a broad median projection)...................................................... 4  Cyperacarus Beard &amp; Ochoa</p>
            <p> 3. Prodorsal setae sc1 elongate, obviously longer than most other dorsal setae (Fig. 9); protonymph with dorsal opisthosomal setae e3 minute (Fig. 11)..................................................  Gahniacarus gersonus Beard &amp; Ochoa</p>
            <p> - Prodorsal setae sc1 subequal in length to other dorsal setae (Fig. 2); protonymph with dorsal opisthosomal setae e3 subequal to other dorsal setae, barbed (Fig. 7).......................................  Gahniacarus tuberculatus Beard &amp; Ochoa</p>
            <p> 4. Dorsal opisthosomal setae c1 minute (Fig. 20); lateral dorsal opisthosomal setae broadly rounded distally; prodorsal setae sc2&gt; 240 μm...............................................................  Cyperacarus foliatus Beard &amp; Ochoa</p>
            <p> - Dorsal opisthosomal setae c1 short, broad, barbed (Fig. 12); lateral dorsal opisthosomal setae tapered distally; prodorsal setae sc2 &lt;220 μm............................................................  Cyperacarus naomae Beard &amp; Ochoa</p>
            <p> 5. Anterior margin prodorsum smooth, or with a reduced median projection (Figs 22, 23); genu III nude.............................................................................................. 6  Prolixus Beard, Fan &amp; Walter</p>
            <p> - Anterior margin prodorsum with elongate, divided median projection (Figs 24, 25); genu III with one seta (d)............................................................................................ 7  Acaricis Beard &amp; Gerson</p>
            <p> 6. Dorsal opisthosomal setae f2 present (Fig. 22); dorsal opisthosomal setae d1, c3 equal in length, short; dorsum with apparent prodorsal and opisthosomal shields, plicate between sc2–d1.......................  Prolixus forsteri Beard, Fan &amp; Walter </p>
            <p> - Dorsal opisthosomal setae f2 absent (Fig. 23); dorsal opisthosomal setae c3 obviously longer than d1; dorsum entirely plicate...................................................................  Prolixus corruginus Beard, Fan &amp; Walter</p>
            <p> 7. Setae sc2 broadly lanceolate, finely barbed, longer than sc1 (Fig. 24); femur III with seta d broadly lanceolate, finely barbed............................................................................  Acaricis plana Beard &amp; Gerson</p>
            <p> - Setae sc2 short, barbed, equal in length to sc1 (Fig. 25); femur III with seta d short, stout, smooth................................................................................................  Acaricis danutae Beard &amp; Gerson</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A68182DFF9CF878FF39FC5AEDCAF94B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Beard, Jennifer J.;Ochoa, Ronald	Beard, Jennifer J., Ochoa, Ronald (2011): New flat mite genera (Acari: Trombidiformes: Tenuipalpidae) associated with Australian sedges (Cyperaceae). Zootaxa 2941: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.204686
