taxonID	type	description	language	source
5549718A75455698841B516DFA367939.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Females of H. aha sp. nov. cannot be distinguished morphologically from those of H. gayozan sp. nov. but can be distinguished from those of H. kubayama sp. nov. by the receptacular clusters without genital stalks; and from those of H. mae sp. nov. by the inner receptacular clusters similar to or larger than laterals (Fig. 15 A-F). Heptathela aha sp. nov. can also be diagnosed from all other Okinawa group Heptathela species by the following unique nucleotide substitutions in the standard DNA barcode alignment: C (41), C (179), G (182), G (233), T (248), G (251), T (326), A (347), G (359), C (473), C (492), A (536), T (651).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
5549718A75455698841B516DFA367939.taxon	description	Description. Female (Holotype). Carapace brown; opisthosoma brown, brown tergites with black plaques; cheliceral groove with 12 pronounced denticles; seven spinnerets. Measurements: BL 12.60, CL 5.55, CW 5.00, OL 6.82, OW 5.50; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; palp 9.90 (3.40 + 1.71 + 2.18 + 2.61), leg I 11.34 (3.31 + 2.05 + 2.31 + 2.35 + 1.32), leg II 11.65 (3.51 + 1.98 + 2.03 + 2.53 + 1.60), leg III 11.92 (3.30 + 1.90 + 2.05 + 2.97 + 1.70), leg IV 16.96 (4.88 + 2.22 + 2.98 + 34.45 + 2.43). Female genitalia. A pair of depressions on the ventro-lateral part of the genital atrium (Fig. 15 D-F). A pair of receptacular clusters along the anterior margin of bursa copulatrix, divided into two parts, both without genital stalks (Fig. 15 A-F). Male. Unknown.	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
5549718A75455698841B516DFA367939.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species epithet, a noun in apposition, refers to the type locality.	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
5549718A75455698841B516DFA367939.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The species is endemic to the Japanese island Iheyajima (Fig. 1 C).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
2F39360A6A615384B97F5C9A29D62EB3.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males of H. amamiensis differ from those of H. sumiyo sp. nov. by the wider saddle-shaped embolus in the prolateral view, and the narrower conductor base in the ventral view (Fig. 9 G, J-L); from those of H. kanenoi and H. kojima sp. nov. by the spiniform conductor apex (Fig. 9 F, I, J). Females of H. amamiensis resemble those of other Amami group Heptathela species but can be distinguished from those of H. kanenoi by the tuberculate outer receptacular clusters (Fig. 9 B-E). H. amamiensis can also be diagnosed from all other Amami group Heptathela species by the following unique nucleotide substitutions in the standard DNA barcode alignment: C (89), A (179), A (194), T (215), T (218), C (273), A (281), C (284), A (327), G (332), G (362), C (467), C (543), C (647).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
2F39360A6A615384B97F5C9A29D62EB3.taxon	description	Description. Male. Carapace brown; opisthosoma light brown, with dark brown tergites; cheliceral groove with 13 denticles; 8 spinnerets. Measurements: BL 12.85, CL 6.50, CW 5.98, OL 6.65, OW 4.00; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; leg I 18.25 (5.00 + 2.45 + 3.80 + 4.60 + 2.40), leg II 18.75 (4.85 + 2.40 + 3.75 + 5.00 + 2.75), leg III 20.10 (4.90 + 2.60 + 3.60 + 5.90 + 3.10), leg IV 25.30 (6.00 + 2.60 + 5.10 + 7.70 + 3.90). Palp. Prolateral side of paracymbium unpigmented and unsclerotised, numerous setae and spines at the tip of paracymbium (Fig. 9 F-H). Contrategulum with serrated margin (Fig. 9 F, G, I, J). Tegulum wide, with dentate dorsal extension of terminal apophysis (Fig. 9 H, L) and blunt terminal apophysis (Fig. 9 H, K, L). Conductor sclerotised and rugose, with several folds and a spiniform apex (Fig. 9 F-L). Embolus sclerotised, with a wide and flat opening, the distal part slightly sclerotised, and saddle-shaped in the prolateral view (Fig. 9 F-L). Females (N = 5). Carapace and opisthosoma colour as in male; cheliceral groove with 12 - 14 pronounced denticles; tergites similar to those of male; seven or eight spinnerets. Measurements: BL 11.08 - 16.90, CL 5.45 - 6.90, CW 4.70 - 6.20, OL 6.61 - 9.10, OW 4.70 - 7.38; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; palp 12.36 (4.12 + 2.11 + 2.75 + 3.38), leg I 14.12 (4.52 + 2.50 + 2.70 + 2.83 + 1.57), leg II 14.06 (4.25 + 2.37 + 2.61 + 3.15 + 1.68), leg III 15.13 (4.27 + 2.56 + 2.55 + 3.55 + 2.20), leg IV 21.86 (5.84 + 2.91 + 4.08 + 5.81 + 3.22). Female genitalia. A pair of indistinct depressions on the ventro-lateral part of genital atrium (Fig. 9 C, D). Paired receptacular clusters along the anterior margin of bursa copulatrix, divided into two parts, the inners ovate, the outers tuberculate, without genital stalks (Fig. 9 A-E).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
2F39360A6A615384B97F5C9A29D62EB3.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. JAPAN · 2 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀; Kagoshima-ken, Amami-Oshima, Amami-shi, Nazehirata-cho, Michinoshima Loop Bridge; 28.36 N, 129.50 E; alt. 60 m; 15 September 2013; D. Li and B. Wu leg.; XUX- 2013 - 276, 278, 281 to 285.	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
2F39360A6A615384B97F5C9A29D62EB3.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The species is known from the Japanese island Amamioshima (Fig. 1 C).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
38088D004F7D55FD8F637E6FF5900E8B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males and females of H. crypta sp. nov. cannot be distinguished morphologically from H. unten sp. nov. (Figs 22 A-K, 23 A-L), but can be diagnosed from H. unten sp. nov. by the following unique nucleotide substitutions in the standard DNA barcode alignment: C (26), A (32), C (50), T (60), T (110), G (153), T (194), C (197), T (269), C (281), T (284), C (338), A (341), T (357), C (416), T (428), C (458), A (482), T (488), G (551), T (581), T (635), G (638), G (641), C (644), C (656), as well as from all other Okinawa group Heptathela species by the following unique nucleotide substitutions in the standard DNA barcode alignment: C (26), T (110), G (551), C (656).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
38088D004F7D55FD8F637E6FF5900E8B.taxon	description	Description. Male (Holotype). Carapace and opisthosoma description see H. unten sp. nov.; cheliceral groove with nine denticles of variable size; seven spinnerets. Measurements: BL 7.88, CL 4.01, CW 3.51, OL 4.23, OW 3.18; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; leg I 10.15 (3.60 + 1.50 + 2.38 + 1.00 + 1.67), leg II 13.08 (3.48 + 1.58 + 2.49 + 3.53 + 2.00), leg III 14.27 (3.38 + 1.55 + 2.65 + 4.30 + 2.39), leg IV 18.19 (4.45 + 1.63 + 3.50 + 5.50 + 3.11). Palp. Prolateral side of paracymbium unpigmented and unsclerotised, numerous setae and spines at the tip of paracymbium (Fig. 22 I-K). Contrategulum margin incurved nearly in the middle, and the contrategulum divided into proximally serrated and distally smooth (Fig. 22 E, F, I, J). Tegulum with wide dorsal extension of terminal apophysis (Fig. 22 G, H, J), blunt terminal and small marginal apophysis (Fig. 22 H, I). Conductor sclerotised and ovate, prolateral conductor with one or two shallow folds, and with a serrated margin (Fig. 22 F, G, K). Embolus sclerotised, with a wide opening, the distal margin slightly sclerotised, and with a saddle-shaped margin in the retrolateral view (Fig. 22 F, G, K). Females (N = 10). Carapace and opisthosoma description see H. unten sp. nov.; chelicerae with promargin of cheliceral groove with 13 - 14 pronounced denticles of variable size; seven spinnerets. Measurements: BL 8.35 - 16.50, CL 4.07 - 5.10, CW 3.30 - 4.80, OL 4.70 - 6.80, OW 3.00 - 5.20; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; palp 7.70 (2.87 + 1.13 + 1.68 + 2.02), leg I 9.57 (3.07 + 1.70 + 1.70 + 1.98 + 1.12), leg II 9.64 (2.95 + 1.68 + 1.61 + 2.08 + 1.32), leg III 9.60 (2.68 + 1.69 + 1.50 + 2.30 + 1.43), leg IV 14.21 (4.00 + 1.92 + 2.55 + 3.83 + 1.91). Female genitalia. A pair of depressions on the ventro-lateral part of genital atrium indistinct (Fig. 23 F, J-L). Paired receptacular clusters along the anterior margin of bursa copulatrix, divided into two parts, the inners similar or smaller than the laterals, paired receptacular clusters tuberculate, without genital stalks (Fig. 23 C, G-L).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
38088D004F7D55FD8F637E6FF5900E8B.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species epithet, a noun in apposition, refers to the cryptic nature of this species discovery.	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
38088D004F7D55FD8F637E6FF5900E8B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The species is endemic to the Japanese island Okinawajima (Fig. 1 C).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
2074720837D45BBEBA644BB9719F9647.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Females H. gayozan sp. nov. cannot be distinguished morphologically from those of H. aha sp. nov. but can be distinguished from those of H. kubayama sp. nov. by the receptacular clusters without genital stalks; and from those of H. mae sp. nov. by the inner receptacular clusters that are equal in size, or slightly larger than laterals (Fig. 16 A-D). H. gayozan sp. nov. can be diagnosed from all other Okinawa group Heptathela species by the following unique nucleotide substitutions in the standard DNA barcode alignment: G (38), G (41), G (122), C (203), C (365), C (452), C (470), T (518), C (527), C (533), T (560), T (653).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
2074720837D45BBEBA644BB9719F9647.taxon	description	Description. Female (holotype). Carapace brown; opisthosoma light brown, with dark brown tergites close to each other; cheliceral groove with 12 denticles; seven spinnerets. Measurements: BL 10.00, CL 4.40, CW 3.88, OL 4.84, OW 3.48; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; palp 7.32 (2.72 + 1.50 + 1.80 + 1.30), leg I 9.61 (2.95 + 1.62 + 1.82 + 1.97 + 1.25), leg II 9.38 (2.80 + 1.58 + 1.71 + 2.07 + 1.22), leg III 9.60 (2.65 + 1.55 + 1.62 + 2.28 + 1.50), leg IV 13.89 (3.75 + 1.82 + 2.52 + 3.75 + 2.05). Female genitalia. A pair of depressions on the ventro-lateral part of genital atrium (Fig. 16 C, D). A pair of receptacular clusters along the anterior margin of bursa copulatrix, divided into two parts, with several granules, without genital stalks (Fig. 16). Male. Unknown.	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
2074720837D45BBEBA644BB9719F9647.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species epithet, a noun in apposition, refers to the type locality.	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
2074720837D45BBEBA644BB9719F9647.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The species is endemic to the Japanese island Iheyajima (Fig. 1 C).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
D5DE01B497B9536EADD01443A190F9B8.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males of H. helios can be distinguished from those of all other Okinawa group Heptathela species by the serrated contrategulum margin and the hooked tegular marginal apophysis, the ovate, indistinctly rugose conductor with a poorly serrated margin (Fig. 24 D-G). Females of H. helios can be distinguished from those of all other Heptathela species by the receptacular clusters with the inner ones being smaller than the laterals, and the laterals with numerous small granulate tubercula (Fig. 24 H-M). H. helios can also be diagnosed from all other Okinawa group Heptathela species by the following unique nucleotide substitutions in the standard DNA barcode alignment: T (11), T (35), G (47), A (56), C (59), A (95), T (104), A (131), T (140), T (179), C (188), C (215), G (221), C (242), C (266), C (273), C (299), C (300), C (304), T (359), G (380), T (413), A (422), T (425), T (431), G (479), G (480), G (491), G (506), C (543), T (546), G (548), C (551), C (596), T (662).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
D5DE01B497B9536EADD01443A190F9B8.taxon	description	Description. Male. Carapace and opisthosoma brown, with dark brown tergites; cheliceral groove with 14 denticles; tergites closed to each other; seven spinnerets. Measurements: BL 9.88, CL 5.30, CW 4.81, OL 4.58, OW 2.92; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; leg I 16.56 (4.55 + 1.90 + 3.48 + 4.33 + 2.30), leg II 17.19 (4.50 + 2.00 + 3.34 + 4.68 + 2.67), leg III 18.35 (4.35 + 1.97 + 3.40 + 5.53 + 3.10), leg IV 23.37 (5.52 + 2.10 + 4.47 + 7.48 + 3.80). Palp. The bulb of the two male specimens relatively distorted. Prolateral side of paracymbium unpigmented and unsclerotised, numerous setae and spines at the tip of paracymbium (Fig. 24 A-C). Contrategulum with a serrated margin (Fig. 24 E, G). Tegulum with a dentate dorsal extension of terminal apophysis (Fig. 24 F, G), blunt terminal and hook-like marginal apophysis (Fig. 24 D, F, G). Conductor sclerotised, ovate, and wide, with indistinct rugae (Fig. 24 E-G). Embolus sclerotised, with a wide opening, the distal margin slightly sclerotised, and with a saddle-shaped margin in the retrolateral view (Fig. 24 D-G). Females (N = 7). Carapace and opisthosoma colour as in male; cheliceral groove with 12 - 14 pronounced denticles; opisthosoma with 12 well-separated tergites; seven spinnerets. Measurements: BL 11.70 - 14.45, CL 5.29 - 6.70, CW 4.29 - 5.81, OL 6.54 - 8.18, OW 4.70 - 6.63; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; palp 12.29 (4.20 + 2.03 + 2.63 + 3.43), leg I 14.31 (4.51 + 2.40 + 2.65 + 3.08 + 1.67), leg II 14.04 (4.25 + 2.35 + 2.53 + 3.11 + 1.80), leg III 13.75 (3.92 + 2.40 + 2.48 + 2.67 + 2.28), leg IV 21.77 (5.90 + 2.88 + 3.75 + 6.11 + 3.13). Female genitalia. A pair of depressions on the ventro-lateral part of genital atrium (Fig. 24 K-M). Paired receptacular clusters along the anterior margin of bursa copulatrix, divided into two parts, inner receptacular clusters smaller than laterals, laterals with several small tubercula, with short genital stalks (Fig. 24 H-M).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
D5DE01B497B9536EADD01443A190F9B8.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. JAPAN · 2 ♂♂, 8 ♀♀; Okinawa-ken, Kunigami-son, Ginama Dam; 26.84 N, 128.26 E; alt. 150 m; 24 December 2012; D. Li, F. X. Liu and X. Xu leg.; XUX- 2012 - 432 to 440 C.	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
D5DE01B497B9536EADD01443A190F9B8.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The species is endemic to the Japanese island Okinawajima (Fig. 1 C).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
342FD344DA735200BD2FDF1A41B67EE7.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males of H. higoensis can be distinguished from those of H. kikuyai by one of the embolus peaks being longer than the other (Fig. 4 H, I, K) and by the slightly blunt tegular marginal apophysis (Fig. 4 J), and from those of H. yakushimaensis by the conductor with the weakly serrated prolateral margin (Fig. 4 F, H, K). Females of H. higoensis can be distinguished from those of H. kimurai by the wide and flat dorso-posterior part of the genital area (Fig. 4 A, B), and from those of H. kikuyai and H. yakushimaensis by the inner receptacular clusters that are larger than the outer ones (Fig. 4 A-D). Moreover, H. higoensis differs from all other Kyushu group Heptathela species by the following unique nucleotide substitutions in the standard DNA barcode alignment: G (140), C (146), A (179), C (251), C (257), C (263), G (272), A (326), C (332), T (350), G (479), G (569), C (572), A (578), G (596), G (632), G (641).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
342FD344DA735200BD2FDF1A41B67EE7.taxon	description	Description. Males (N = 11). Carapace yellow brown; opisthosoma light brown, with dark brown tergites close to each other; cheliceral groove with 11 - 13 denticles; 7 or 8 spinnerets. Measurements: BL 8.80 - 11.00, CL 4.40 - 5.25, CW 4.10 - 4.90, OL 4.40 - 5.60, OW 2.90 - 3.40; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; leg I 11.75 (3.45 + 1.50 + 2.60 + 2.70 + 1.50), leg II 12.40 (3.40 + 1.60 + 2.50 + 3.10 + 1.80), leg III 13.30 (3.20 + 1.60 + 2.40 + 3.80 + 2.30), leg IV 16.80 (4.40 + 1.20 + 3.30 + 5.20 + 2.70). Palp. Prolateral side of paracymbium unpigmented and unsclerotised, numerous setae and spines at the tip of paracymbium (Fig. 4 E-G). Contrategulum with serrated margin proximally and smooth margin distally (Fig. 4 I, K). Tegulum wide, the dorsal extension of terminal apophysis and marginal apophysis with a serrated margin retrolaterally (Fig. 4 J, K). Conductor wide and with an apical tooth and a deep fold (Fig. 4 H, K). Embolus with two peaks, one peak longer than the other, and with a curved margin retrolaterally (Fig. 4 H-K). Females (N = 43). Carapace and opisthosoma colour as in male; cheliceral groove with 11 - 16 pronounced denticles; tergites similar to male; 7 - 8 spinnerets. Measurements: BL 8.00 - 12.80, CL 4.30 - 6.10, CW 3.80 - 5.57, OL 4.10 - 6.50, OW 2.70 - 4.90; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; palp 8.20 (2.70 + 1.50 + 1.70 + 2.30), leg I 8.80 (2.80 + 1.75 + 1.70 + 1.55 + 1.00), leg II 8.93 (2.75 + 1.60 + 1.55 + 1.83 + 1.20), leg III 9.30 (2.70 + 1.60 + 1.50 + 2.20 + 1.30), leg IV 13.25 (3.65 + 1.80 + 2.40 + 3.40 + 2.00). Female genitalia. A pair of depressions on the ventro-lateral part of genital atrium (Fig. 4 C, D). Paired receptacular clusters along the anterior margin of bursa copulatrix, divided into two parts, the inner main part forming a large granulate tubercle, with short genital stalks, the outers with several small granules (Fig. 4).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
342FD344DA735200BD2FDF1A41B67EE7.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. JAPAN · 1 ♂, 8 ♀♀; Kyushu, Kumamoto-ken, Hitoyoshi-shi, Fumotomachi, Hitoyoshi Ruins Park; 32.21 N, 130.77 E; alt. 140 m; 18 September 2013; D. Li and B. Wu leg.; XUX- 2013 - 365 (♂ matured 19 July 2014 at CBEE), XUX- 2013 - 360 to 364, 366 to 368 · 2 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀; Kyushu, Kumamoto-ken, Kumamoto-shi, Tatsutayama, Tatsuta National Park; 32.82 N, 130.73 E; alt. 60 m; 19 September 2013; D. Li and B. Wu leg.; XUX- 2013 - 370 to 379 · 4 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀; Kyushu, Kumamoto-ken, Kumamoto-shi, Higashi-ku, Kozono 1 - chome; 32.84 N, 130.78 E; alt. 100 m; 19 September 2013; D. Li and B. Wu leg.; XUX- 2013 - 380 to 389 (XUX- 2013 - 381, ♂ matured 2 August 2014 at CBEE) · 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀; Kyushu, Kumamoto-ken, Kumamoto-shi, Kasuga, Hanaokayama; 32.80 N, 130.68 E; alt. 120 m, 19 September 2013; D. Li and B. Wu leg.; XUX- 2013 - 390 to 393 · 3 ♀♀; Miyazaki-ken, Nishiusuki-gun, Takachiho-cho, Mukoyama; 32.70 N, 131.30 E; alt. 320 m; 22 September 2013; D. Li and B. Wu leg.; XUX- 2013 - 435 to 441 · 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀; Miyazaki-ken, Higashimorokata-gun, Kunitomi-cho, Honjo 11960 - 1; 32.00 N, 131.34 E; alt. 30 m; 23 September 2013; D. Li and B. Wu leg.; XUX- 2013 - 456 (♂, matured 19 July 2014 at CBEE), XUX- 2013 - 449 to 451 · 1 ♂, 12 ♀♀; Miyazaki-ken, Higashimorokata-gun, Kunitomi-cho, Honjo 4191; 31.98 N, 131.33 E; alt. 30 m; 23 September 2013; D. Li and B. Wu leg.; XUX- 2013 - 457 to 467 C · 1 ♀; Miyazaki-ken, Nishimorokata-gun, Takaharu-cho, Kamamuto, Lake Miike; 31.89 N, 130.96 E; alt. 360 m; 23 September 2013; D. Li and B. Wu leg.; XUX- 2013 - 468 · 1 ♂, 4 ♀♀; 2 Kagoshima-ken, Kirishima-shi, Kirishima, Takachihokawara; 31.89 N, 130.89 E; alt. 960 m; 23 September 2013; D. Li and B. Wu leg.; XUX- 2013 - 471 (♂, matured 8 June 2014 at CBEE), XUX- 2013 - 472 to 474, 476.	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
342FD344DA735200BD2FDF1A41B67EE7.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The species is known from the following prefectures on the Japanese island Kyushu: Kumamoto-ken (Hitoyoshi-shi and Kumamoto-shi), Miyazaki-ken (Nishiusuki-gun, Higashimorokata-gun and Nishimorokata-gun), Kagoshima-ken (Kirishima-shi) (Fig. 1 C).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
E5CED3E805D85B318E13363C780C18CC.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males of H. kanenoi can be distinguished from those of all other Amami group Heptathela species by lacking a spiniform conductor apex (Fig. 10 G, I). Females of H. kanenoi can be distinguished from those of all other Amami group Heptathela species by the inner receptacular clusters larger than the outers (Fig. 10 B, C). H. kanenoi can also be diagnosed from all other Amami group Heptathela species by the following unique nucleotide substitutions in the standard DNA barcode alignment: A (35), G (38), C (71), C (125), C (224), G (278), T (281), C (288), T (332), G (359), C (396), C (410), G (443), T (449), A (512), C (533), G (557), C (560), C (623), T (641).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
E5CED3E805D85B318E13363C780C18CC.taxon	description	Description. Males (N = 6). Carapace yellow brown; opisthosoma brown, with dark-spotted tergites close to each other; cheliceral groove with 10 - 13 vestigial denticles; 7 spinnerets. Measurements: BL 9.80 - 11.60, CL 5.10 - 6.00, CW 4.60 - 5.40, OL 5.15 - 5.60, OW 4.00 - 4.85; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; leg I 17.85 (4.80 + 2.30 + 3.80 + 4.60 + 2.35), leg II 18.90 (4.90 + 2.30 + 3.80 + 5.20 + 2.70), leg III 20.80 (4.70 + 2.30 + 4.00 + 6.50 + 3.30), leg IV 26.00 (6.20 + 2.50 + 5.10 + 8.20 + 4.00). Palp. Prolateral side of paracymbium unpigmented and unsclerotised, numerous setae and spines at the tip of paracymbium (Fig. 10 D-F). Contrategulum with serrated margin (Fig. 10 G-I). Tegulum with dentate dorsal extension of terminal apophysis (Fig. 10 J) and blunt tegulum terminal apophysis (Fig. 10 I, J). Conductor base wide and rugose, with several folds and each fold with an apical tooth (Fig. 10 G-J). Embolus with a wide and flat opening, the distal part slightly sclerotised, and saddle-shaped in the prolateral view (Fig. 10 H-I). Females (N = 11). Carapace and opisthosoma colour as in male; cheliceral groove with 12 - 14 pronounced denticles; tergites similar to male; seven or eight spinnerets. Measurements: BL 8.30 - 12.90, CL 4.30 - 6.28, CW 3.60 - 5.40, OL 4.38 - 6.50, OW 3.70 - 6.20; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; palp 7.00 (2.50 + 1.35 + 1.55 + 1.60), leg I 7.75 (2.30 + 1.25 + 1.60 + 1.50 + 1.10), leg II 7.60 (2.60 + 1.10 + 1.50 + 1.50 + 0.90), leg III 8.35 (2.45 + 1.50 + 1.10 + 2.00 + 1.30), leg IV 12.15 (3.40 + 1.50 + 2.25 + 3.20 + 1.80). Female genitalia. A pair of indistinct depressions on the ventro-lateral part of genital atrium. Paired receptacular clusters along the anterior margin of bursa copulatrix, divided into two parts, the inners larger than the outers, without genital stalks (Fig. 10 A-C).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
E5CED3E805D85B318E13363C780C18CC.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. JAPAN · 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Kagoshima-ken, Tokunoshima, Amagi-cho, Mikyo; 27.77 N, 128.95 E; alt. 180 m; 16 September 2013; D. Li and B. Wu leg.; XUX- 2013 - 315 to 316 · 3 ♂♂, 7 ♀♀; Kagoshima-ken, Oshima-gun, Tokunoshima, Tokunoshima-cho, Tokuwase; 27.79 N, 129.01 E; alt. 150 m; 17 September 2013; D. Li and B. Wu leg.; XUX- 2013 - 323 to 332 · 2 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; Kagoshima-ken, Tokunoshima, Amagi-cho, Mikyo; 27.77 N, 128.95 E; alt. 130 m; 17 September 2013; D. Li and B. Wu leg.; XUX- 2013 - 333 to 338.	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
E5CED3E805D85B318E13363C780C18CC.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The species is endemic to the Japanese island Tokunoshima (Fig. 1 C).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
90060E34E05C5574AA14B6C27D7BF304.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males of H. kikuyai differ from those of H. higoensis by the two embolus peaks of a similar height, and the hooked tegular marginal apophysis (Fig. 6 J, K), and from those of H. yakushimaensis by only a weakly serrated prolateral margin of the conductor (Fig. 6 H, I). Females of H. kikuyai differ from those of all other Kyushu group Heptathela species by the inner receptacular clusters with longer and slender stalks (Fig. 6 A-D). Moreover, H. kikuyai differs from all other Kyushu group Heptathela species by the following unique nucleotide substitutions in the standard DNA barcode alignment: G (11), A (33), C (41), C (59), C (68), A (83), A (89), C (116), T (194), A (212), T (222), A (239), A (251), C (260), T (276), T (287), C (305), C (329), A (345), T (365), C (470), G (491), T (546), T (578), T (581), G (635), C (656).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
90060E34E05C5574AA14B6C27D7BF304.taxon	description	Description. Males (N = 5). Carapace and opisthosoma brown, with dark-spotted tergites; cheliceral groove with 10 - 12 denticles; 6 or 7 spinnerets. Measurements: BL 7.90 - 9.40, CL 4.00 - 5.05, CW 3.55 - 4.30, OL 3.90 - 4.60, OW 2.60 - 3.20; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; leg I 13.65 (3.90 + 1.90 + 2.75 + 3.30 + 1.80), leg II 13.35 (3.45 + 1.60 + 2.65 + 3.55 + 2.10), leg III 14.40 (3.30 + 1.50 + 2.75 + 4.45 + 2.40), leg IV 19.25 (4.85 + 1.90 + 3.35 + 6.00 + 3.15). Palp. Prolateral side of paracymbium unpigmented and unsclerotised, numerous setae and spines at the tip of paracymbium (Fig. 6 E-G). Contrategulum with serrated margin proximally and smooth margin distally (Fig. 6 H, I, K). Tegulum wide, the dorsal extension of terminal apophysis and hooked marginal apophysis of tegulum with a serrated margin retrolaterally (Fig. 6 J, K). Conductor wide and with an apical tooth and a deep fold (Fig. 6 I, K). Embolus with two peaks at the slightly same level and a curved margin retrolaterally (Fig. 6 H-K). Females (N = 30). Carapace and opisthosoma as in male; cheliceral groove with 12 - 17 pronounced denticles; tergites similar to male; 6 - 8 spinnerets. Measurements: BL 8.55 - 15.10, CL 4.30 - 7.90, CW 3.80 - 6.70, OL 4.40 - 8.75, OW 2.80 - 6.10; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; palp 9.15 (3.25 + 1.60 + 1.90 + 2.40), leg I 10.30 (3.30 + 1.90 + 1.90 + 2.00 + 1.20), leg II 10.15 (3.10 + 1.80 + 1.85 + 2.10 + 1.30), leg III 10.80 (3.00 + 1.80 + 1.80 + 2.60 + 1.60), leg IV 15.80 (4.50 + 2.20 + 2.80 + 4.10 + 2.20). Female genitalia. A pair of depressions on the ventro-lateral part of genital atrium. Paired receptacular clusters along the anterior margin of bursa copulatrix, indistinctly divided into two parts, with many small granules, inner ones with longer and slender genital stalks (Fig. 6 A-D).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
90060E34E05C5574AA14B6C27D7BF304.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. JAPAN · 6 ♀♀; Oita-ken, Bungoono-shi, Totoki, Onomachi; 33.06 N, 131.52 E; alt. 240 m; 20 September 2013; D. Li and B. Wu leg.; XUX- 2013 - 394 to 396, 399 to 401 · 2 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀; Oita-ken, Bungoono-shi, Onomachi-Ando, Mt. Gozaga-dake; 33.11 N, 131.55 E; alt. 630 m; 20 September 2013; D. Li and B. Wu leg.; XUX- 2013 - 404, 405, 408, 409, 411, 412 (405, ♂ matured 2 May 2014 at CBEE) · 2 ♂♂, 6 ♀♀; Oita-ken, Usuki-shi, Takeyama; 33.10 N, 131.72 E; alt. 80 m; 20 September 2013; D. Li and B. Wu leg.; XUX- 2013 - 414, 416 to 422 · 1 ♂, 8 ♀♀; Oita-ken, Usuki-shi, Inukai-machi Sasamuta; 33.09 N, 131.67 E; alt. 120 m; 21 September 2013; D. Li and B. Wu leg.; XUX- 2013 - 424 to 430, 432, 433 · 6 ♀♀; Miyazaki-ken, Nishiusuki-gun, Takachiho-cho, Iwato; 32.73 N, 131.35 E; alt. 400 m; 22 September 2013; D. Li and B. Wu leg.; XUX- 2013 - 442 to 444, 446 to 448.	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
90060E34E05C5574AA14B6C27D7BF304.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The species is known from the following prefectures on the Japanese island Kyushu: Oita-ken (Bungoono-shi and Usuki-shi) and Miyazaki-ken (Nishiusuki-gun) (Fig. 1 C).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
51999F5AA3295810A798EBC5826C670B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Females of H. kimurai resemble H. higoensis females but differ by a slightly curved dorso-posterior margin of the genital area (Fig. 7 A, B). Moreover, H. kimurai differs from all other Kyushu group Heptathela species by the following unique nucleotide substitutions in the standard DNA barcode alignment: C (26), T (98), G (191), G (194), G (206), C (215), T (251), T (278), G (293), C (362), T (366), G (443), T (449), C (452), G (506), G (521), C (527), G (548), T (572), C (599), A (615), C (638).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
51999F5AA3295810A798EBC5826C670B.taxon	description	Description. Females (N = 9). Carapace yellow brown; opisthosoma brown, with brown tergites close to each other; cheliceral groove with 12 - 14 vestigial denticles; seven spinnerets. Measurements: BL 9.30 - 13.80, CL 4.88 - 6.30, CW 4.10 - 5.50, OL 4.80 - 7.30, OW 3.45 - 5.40; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; palp 7.77 (2.57 + 1.50 + 1.60 + 2.10), leg I 9.15 (2.85 + 1.70 + 1.75 + 1.65 + 1.20), leg II 8.88 (2.65 + 1.65 + 1.55 + 1.88 + 1.15), leg III 9.63 (2.70 + 1.70 + 1.60 + 2.30 + 1.33), leg IV 14.08 (3.88 + 1.90 + 2.50 + 3.60 + 2.20). Female genitalia. A pair of depressions on the ventro-lateral part of genital atrium. Paired of receptacular clusters along the anterior margin of bursa copulatrix, divided into two parts, the inner main part forming a large granulate tubercle, the outer part with several small granules (Fig. 7 A-D). Male: unknown.	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
51999F5AA3295810A798EBC5826C670B.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. JAPAN · 9 ♀♀; Kagoshima-ken, Kagoshima-shi, Shiroyama-cho, Shiroyama Park; 31.60 N, 130.55 E; alt. 100 m; 18 September 2013; D. Li and B. Wu leg.; XUX- 2013 - 349, 351, 352, 354 to 359.	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
51999F5AA3295810A798EBC5826C670B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The species is known from the Kagoshima prefecture on the Japanese island Kyushu (Fig. 1 C).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
5D1DC7E647F650DAA232982BF0B8919B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males of H. kojima sp. nov. differ from those of H. amamiensis and H. kanenoi by a wide leaf-shaped conductor (Fig. 11 I, J), and a less dentate dorsal extension of the tegular terminal apophysis (Fig. 11 G, J, K), from those of H. sumiyo sp. nov. by a shallow saddle-shaped in the prolateral view, and from those of H. uken sp. nov. by embolus with two longer peaks (Fig. 11 I, J). Females of H. kojima sp. nov. resemble those of other Amami group Heptathela species but differ from those of other Amami group Heptathela species by paired receptacular clusters close to each other (Fig. 11 B, D). H. kojima sp. nov. can also be diagnosed from all other Amami group Heptathela species by the following unique nucleotide substitutions in the standard DNA barcode alignment: C (44), C (56), C (128), A (131), C (134), C (137), C (155), G (158), G (176), T (230), T (245), C (269), T (320), C (357), C (377), A (378), A (443), C (446), G (464), A (479), C (518), G (521), T (554), A (560), C (608), C (611).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
5D1DC7E647F650DAA232982BF0B8919B.taxon	description	Description. Male (Holotype). Carapace brown; opisthosoma light brown, with dark brown tergites close to each other; cheliceral groove with eleven denticles; seven spinnerets. Measurements: BL 7.30, CL 3.60, CW 3.30, OL 3.60, OW 2.70; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; leg I 14.90 (4.20 + 165 + 3.15 + 4.00 + 1.90), leg II 16.10 (4.20 + 1.85 + 3.25 + 4.40 + 2.40), leg III 16.85 (4.25 + 1.90 + 3.20 + 5.00 + 2.50), leg IV 21.70 (5.50 + 2.00 + 4.20 + 6.90 + 3.10). Palp. Prolateral side of paracymbium unpigmented and unsclerotised, numerous setae and spines at the tip of paracymbium (Fig. 11 E-G). Contrategulum with serrated margin (Fig. 11 E, H, I). Conductor base wide, leaf-shaped and rugose, with several folds and gradually narrowing to a short spiniform apex (Fig. 11 I, J). Embolus sclerotised, with a wide and flat opening (Fig. 11 H-K). Females (N = 6). Carapace and opisthosoma colour as in male; cheliceral groove with 13 pronounced denticles; tergites similar to male; 6 - 8 spinnerets. Measurements: BL 9.00 - 11.50, CL 4.90 - 6.15, CW 4.25 - 5.20, OL 4.30 - 6.10, OW 3.00 - 4.50; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; palp 9.05 (3.25 + 1.65 + 1.85 + 2.30), leg I 10.50 (3.35 + 1.80 + 2.00 + 2.10 + 1.25), leg II 10.05 (3.10 + 1.80 + 1.75 + 2.10 + 1.30), leg III 10.45 (2.90 + 1.95 + 1.65 + 2.40 + 1.55), leg IV 15.20 (4.40 + 2.20 + 2.60 + 4.00 + 2.00). Female genitalia. A pair of indistinct depressions on the ventro-lateral part of genital atrium (Fig. 11 C, D). Paired receptacular clusters separated from each other along the anterior margin of bursa copulatrix, or fused together, divided into two parts, without genital stalks (Fig. 11 A-D).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
5D1DC7E647F650DAA232982BF0B8919B.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species epithet, a noun in apposition, refers to the type locality.	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
5D1DC7E647F650DAA232982BF0B8919B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The species is endemic to the Japanese island Tokunoshima (Fig. 1 C).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
2C61BBF737655063A5A8113AC6EA8C44.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Females of H. kubayama sp. nov. can be distinguished from those of H. gayozan sp. nov. and H. mae sp. nov. by paired receptacular clusters with short genital stalks (Fig. 17 A-B). Heptathela kubayama sp. nov. can also be diagnosed from all other Okinawa group Heptathela species by the following unique nucleotide substitutions in the standard DNA barcode alignment: G (239), G (329), G (353), C (359), G (443), G (602), G (647).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
2C61BBF737655063A5A8113AC6EA8C44.taxon	description	Description. Female (Holotype). Carapace brown; opisthosoma light brown, with dark brown tergites close to each other; cheliceral groove with 12 pronounced denticles; six spinnerets. Measurements: BL 10.20, CL 4.89, CW 4.18, OL 4.90, OW 3.60; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; palp 8.25 (2.82 + 1.45 + 1.80 + 2.18), leg I 9.66 (3.10 + 1.70 + 1.81 + 1.90 + 1.15), leg II 8.90 (2.90 + 1.55 + 1.75 + 1.70 + 1.00), leg III 9.59 (2.81 + 1.65 + 1.60 + 2.13 + 1.40), leg IV 13.67 (4.25 + 2.00 + 2.00 + 3.54 + 1.88). Female genitalia. A pair of depressions on the ventro-lateral part of the genital atrium (Fig. 17 C, D). A pair of receptacular clusters along the anterior margin of bursa copulatrix, divided into two parts, with several granules; with short genital stalks (Fig. 17 A-D). Male. Unknown.	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
2C61BBF737655063A5A8113AC6EA8C44.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species epithet, a noun in apposition, refers to the type locality.	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
2C61BBF737655063A5A8113AC6EA8C44.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The species is endemic to the Japanese island Iheyajima (Fig. 1 C).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
99F3A3542E4655A0A8CC19EACA81F7DA.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Females of H. mae sp. nov. can be distinguished from those of H. aha sp. nov. and H. gayozan sp. nov. by the lateral receptacular clusters being larger than the inner ones (Fig. 18 B, D), and from those of H. kubayama sp. nov. by the receptacular clusters without short genital stalks (Fig. 18 A-D). Heptathela mae sp. nov. can also be diagnosed from all other Okinawa group Heptathela species by the following unique nucleotide substitutions in the standard DNA barcode alignment: C (74), T (227), G (389), C (407), A (461), G (503), G (635).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
99F3A3542E4655A0A8CC19EACA81F7DA.taxon	description	Description. Female (Holotype). Carapace brown; opisthosoma brown, brown tergites with black plaques; cheliceral groove with 12 denticles; seven spinnerets. Measurements: BL 9.28, CL 4.48, CW 4.00, OL 5.12, OW 3.78; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; palp 7.80 (2.70 + 1.32 + 1.71 + 2.07), leg I 9.25 (3.00 + 1.52 + 1.80 + 1.78 + 1.15), leg II 8.55 (2.68 + 1.20 + 1.72 + 1.75 + 1.20), leg III 9.61 (2.75 + 1.60 + 1.55 + 2.31 + 1.40), leg IV 13.41 (3.90 + 1.70 + 2.31 + 3.60 + 1.90). Female genitalia. A pair of depressions on the ventro-lateral part of the genital atrium (Fig. 18 C, D). A pair of receptacular clusters along the anterior margin of bursa copulatrix, divided into two parts, with several granules, without genital stalks, the posterior part of genital area incurved (Fig. 18 A-D). Male. Unknown.	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
99F3A3542E4655A0A8CC19EACA81F7DA.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species epithet, a noun in apposition, refers to the type locality.	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
99F3A3542E4655A0A8CC19EACA81F7DA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The species is endemic to the Japanese island Iheyajima (Fig. 1 C).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
71A1B990F84356DBAE11F68F2953B1E2.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Females of H. otoha sp. nov. can be distinguished from those of H. yanbaruensis, H. unten sp. nov., and H. crypta sp. nov. by the inner receptacular clusters with several granules, albeit these inner clusters are difficult to be separated from the laterals (Fig. 19 A-D). H. otoha sp. nov. can also be diagnosed from all other Okinawa group Heptathela species by the following unique nucleotide substitutions in the standard DNA barcode alignment: G (83), G (206), G (488).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
71A1B990F84356DBAE11F68F2953B1E2.taxon	description	Description. Female (Holotype). Carapace yellow brown; opisthosoma light brown, with brown and black-spotted tergites; cheliceral groove with 13 pronounced denticles; seven spinnerets. Measurements: BL 10.92, CL 4.75, CW 4.35, OL 6.60, OW 4.90; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; palp 8.30 (2.78 + 1.39 + 1.90 + 2.23), leg I 9.80 (3.05 + 1.65 + 1.95 + 1.95 + 1.20), leg II 9.21 (2.90 + 1.50 + 1.81 + 1.90 + 1.10), leg III 9.84 (2.70 + 1.70 + 1.62 + 2.35 + 1.47), leg IV 14.74 (4.00 + 1.90 + 2.70 + 4.03 + 2.11). Female genitalia. A pair of depressions on the ventro-lateral part of genital atrium (Fig. 19 C, D). Paired receptacular clusters along the anterior margin of bursa copulatrix, divided into indistinct two parts, but difficulty to separate, both with several granules, with very short genital stalks (Fig. 19 A-D). Male. Unknow.	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
71A1B990F84356DBAE11F68F2953B1E2.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species epithet, a noun in apposition, refers to the type locality.	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
71A1B990F84356DBAE11F68F2953B1E2.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The species is endemic to the Japanese island Okinawajima (Fig. 1 C).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
53D77AAC44A5548DB625D0A92B2BB232.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Females of H. shuri sp. nov. can be distinguished from those of H. tokashiki sp. nov. by paired receptacular clusters with larger granules (Fig. 20 A-D). Heptathela shuri sp. nov. can also be diagnosed from all other Okinawa group Heptathela species by the following unique nucleotide substitutions in the standard DNA barcode alignment: G (89), G (131), C (134), C (396), C (510), C (512), A (524), T (641).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
53D77AAC44A5548DB625D0A92B2BB232.taxon	description	Description. Female (Holotype). Carapace yellow brown; opisthosoma brown, tergites with brown plaques; cheliceral groove with 12 pronounced denticles; seven spinnerets. Measurements: BL 10.78, CL 5.30, CW 4.12, OL 6.25, OW 4.40; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; palp 8.93 (3.15 + 1.43 + 2.03 + 2.32), leg I 10.91 (3.48 + 1.87 + 2.05 + 2.21 + 1.30), leg II 10.64 (3.18 + 1.85 + 1.86 + 2.28 + 1.47), leg III 11.26 (3.03 + 1.81 + 1.77 + 2.90 + 1.75), leg IV 17.02 (4.62 + 2.28 + 3.07 + 4.50 + 2.55). Female genitalia. A pair of depressions on the ventro-lateral part of genital atrium (Fig. 20 B, D). Paired receptacular clusters along the anterior margin of bursa copulatrix, divided into two parts, with several granules, the inner granules larger than laterals, both without genital stalks (Fig. 20 A-D). Male. Unknown.	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
53D77AAC44A5548DB625D0A92B2BB232.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species epithet, a noun in apposition, refers to the type locality.	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
53D77AAC44A5548DB625D0A92B2BB232.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The species is endemic to the Japanese island Okinawajima (Fig. 1 C).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
4844BEF0D3BC5B0DB6ED461817EBBFBA.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males of H. sumiyo sp. nov. can be distinguished from those of H. kanenoi by the spiniform conductor apex (Fig. 12 A, E, F), from those of H. amamiensis by the narrow and deeper saddle-shaped embolus in the prolateral view (Fig. 12 A, E, F). Females of H. sumiyo sp. nov. resemble those of the other Amami group Heptathela species but differ from those of H. kanenoi by the tuberculate lateral receptacular clusters that are equal in size, or slightly larger than the inner clusters (Fig. 12 J, K). H. sumiyo sp. nov. also differs from all other Heptathela species of the Amami group by the following unique nucleotide substitutions in the standard DNA barcode alignment: G (92), C (218), A (227), G (281), C (308), A (363), T (647).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
4844BEF0D3BC5B0DB6ED461817EBBFBA.taxon	description	Description. Male (Holotype). Carapace brown; opisthosoma light brown, with dark brown tergites; cheliceral groove with eleven denticles; seven spinnerets. Measurements: BL 15.40, CL 7.70, CW 6.80, OL 8.00, OW 5.55; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; leg I 23.05 (6.05 + 3.10 + 4.90 + 6.10 + 2.90), leg II 24.46 (6.48 + 3.08 + 5.05 + 6.80 + 3.05), leg III 26.36 (6.10 + 3.20 + 5.05 + 8.20 + 3.81), leg IV 32.70 (8.00 + 3.50 + 6.75 + 9.70 + 4.75). Palp. Prolateral side of paracymbium unpigmented and unsclerotised, numerous setae and spines at the tip of paracymbium (Fig. 12 A-C). Contrategulum with serrated margin (Fig. 12 A, D, E). Tegulum wide with dentate dorsal extension of terminal apophysis (Fig. 12 F, G) and blunt terminal apophysis (Fig. 12 B, C, F, G). Conductor sclerotised and rugose, with several folds and a spiniform apex (Fig. 12 A-B, E-F). Embolus largely sclerotised, with a wide and flat opening, the distal part slightly sclerotised, and narrow and deep saddle-shaped in the prolateral view (Fig. 12 A, D-F). Females (N = 6). Carapace and opisthosoma colour as in male; cheliceral groove with 13 or 14 pronounced denticles; tergites similar to those of male; seven or eight spinnerets. Measurements: BL 11.70 - 15.60, CL 6.25 - 7.55, CW 5.40 - 6.43, OL 5.40 - 8.80, OW 4.00 - 7.35; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; palp 12.90 (4.50 + 2.25 + 2.70 + 3.45), leg I 14.44 (4.55 + 2.68 + 2.55 + 3.08 + 1.58), leg II 13.93 (4.09 + 2.49 + 2.35 + 3.20 + 1.80), leg III 15.61 (4.40 + 2.70 + 2.68 + 3.80 + 2.03), leg IV 22.45 (6.20 + 3.20 + 4.15 + 6.10 + 2.80). Female genitalia. A pair of indistinct depressions on the ventro-lateral part of genital atrium (Fig. 12 J, K). Two pairs of receptacular cluster along the anterior margin of bursa copulatrix, the medians ovate, the laterals tuberculate, similar or slightly larger than inners, without genital stalks (Fig. 12 H-K).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
4844BEF0D3BC5B0DB6ED461817EBBFBA.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species epithet, a noun in apposition, refers to the type locality.	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
4844BEF0D3BC5B0DB6ED461817EBBFBA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The species is known from the Japanese island Amamioshima (Fig. 1 C).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
E54E646D3CE3518C9723B42967CDF3A7.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Females of H. tokashiki sp. nov. can be distinguished from H. shuri sp. nov. by the long inner receptacular clusters with several granules (Fig. 21 A-D). Heptathela tokashiki sp. nov. can also be diagnosed from all other Okinawa group Heptathela species by the following unique nucleotide substitutions in the standard DNA barcode alignment: T (68), A (200), C (290), A (362).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
E54E646D3CE3518C9723B42967CDF3A7.taxon	description	Description. Female (Holotype). Carapace brown; opisthosoma dark brown, with dark brown tergites close to each other; cheliceral groove with eleven pronounced denticles; seven spinnerets. Measurements: BL 11.80, CL 5.15, CW 4.10, OL 6.80, OW 5.10; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; palp 8.60 (3.05 + 1.50 + 1.95 + 2.10), leg I 10.50 (3.35 + 1.85 + 2.15 + 2.10 + 1.05), leg II 10.45 (3.40 + 1.75 + 2.00 + 2.20 + 1.10), leg III 10.95 (3.20 + 1.85 + 1.80 + 2.60 + 1.50), leg IV 15.70 (4.60 + 2.00 + 2.80 + 3.90 + 2.40). Female genitalia. A pair of depressions on the ventro-lateral part of the genital atrium (Fig. 21 B, D). Paired receptacular clusters along the anterior margin of bursa copulatrix, divided into two parts, the inners longer than the laterals, both with several granules, without genital stalks (Fig. 21 A, B). Male. Unknown.	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
E54E646D3CE3518C9723B42967CDF3A7.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species epithet, a noun in apposition, refers to the type locality.	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
E54E646D3CE3518C9723B42967CDF3A7.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The species is endemic to the Japanese island Tokashikijima (Fig. 1 C).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
7F077D2BA4FC5DCC95C6D09E666966EF.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males of H. uken sp. nov. can be distinguished from those of H. kanenoi by the spiniform conductor apex (Fig. 13 A, B, D, E), from those of H. amamiensis by the dorsal extension of tegular terminal apophysis without dentation (Fig. 13 F, G). Females of H. uken sp. nov. cannot be diagnosed from those of the other Amami group Heptathela species morphologically (Fig. 13 H-M), only by the following unique nucleotide substitutions in the standard DNA barcode alignment: T (161), T (191), G (227), C (236), T (287), T (297), A (299), C (389), T (395), G (413), C (416), G (503), C (509), C (510), T (527), T (558), G (560), G (569), C (578), T (584), C (596), T (614), G (629), G (635), C (650), C (665).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
7F077D2BA4FC5DCC95C6D09E666966EF.taxon	description	Description. Male (Holotype). Carapace brown; opisthosoma light brown, with dark brown tergites; cheliceral groove with eight denticles; seven spinnerets. Measurements: BL 11.60, CL 6.10, CW 5.60, OL 6.00, OW 4.30; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; leg I 17.47 (4.80 + 2.28 + 3.67 + 4.42 + 2.30), leg II 17.95 (4.65 + 2.30 + 3.60 + 4.90 + 2.50), leg III 18.80 (4.45 + 2.40 + 3.55 + 5.20 + 3.20), leg IV 23.60 (5.60 + 2.45 + 4.45 + 7.20 + 3.90). Palp. Prolateral side of paracymbium unpigmented and unsclerotised, numerous setae and spines at the tip of paracymbium (Fig. 13 A-C). Contrategulum with serrated margin (Fig. 13 A, B, D, F). Tegulum with smooth dorsal extension of terminal apophysis (Fig. 13 F, G). Conductor wide, sclerotised and rugose, with several folds and a spiniform apex (Fig. 13 A, B, D, F). Embolus sclerotised, wide with a flat opening, and wide saddle-shaped in the prolateral view (Fig. 13 A, B, D, E). Females (N = 8). Carapace and opisthosoma colour as in male; cheliceral groove with 13 - 15 pronounced denticles; tergites similar to male; 7 or 8 spinnerets. Measurements: BL 11.80 - 16.00, CL 5.90 - 8.26, CW 5.20 - 7.20, OL 6.00 - 8.10, OW 4.60 - 6.00; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; palp 10.04 (3.05 + 1.89 + 2.30 + 2.80), leg I 12.05 (3.90 + 2.10 + 2.25 + 2.40 + 1.40), leg II 11.30 (3.55 + 2.05 + 1.80 + 2.45 + 1.45), leg III 12.42 (3.60 + 2.05 + 2.10 + 3.00 + 1.67), leg IV 18.33 (5.15 + 2.40 + 3.30 + 4.78 + 2.70). Female genitalia. A pair of indistinct depressions on the ventro-lateral part of genital atrium (Fig. 13 K). Two pairs of receptacular clusters along the anterior margin of bursa copulatrix, the inners almost globose, with short genital stalks in distal view, the laterals tuberculate, without genital stalks (Fig. 13 H-M).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
7F077D2BA4FC5DCC95C6D09E666966EF.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species epithet, a noun in apposition, refers to the type locality.	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
7F077D2BA4FC5DCC95C6D09E666966EF.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The species is known from the Japanese island Amamioshima (Fig. 1 C).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
5B74DB6FF1ED56B4B4B202B6EFFA3D5D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males of H. unten sp. nov. can be distinguished from those of H. yanbaruensis by the blunt tegular marginal apophysis (Fig. 22 A, C, D); from those of H. helios by the conductor with serrated margin and small tegular marginal apophysis (Fig. 22 A, C). Females of H. unten sp. nov. cannot be distinguished morphologically form those of H. crypta sp. nov. (Fig. 23 A-L). However, H. unten sp. nov. can be diagnosed from all other Okinawa group Heptathela species by the following unique nucleotide substitutions in the standard DNA barcode alignment: G (482), C (635).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
5B74DB6FF1ED56B4B4B202B6EFFA3D5D.taxon	description	Description. Male (Holotype). Carapace yellow brown; opisthosoma brown, with dark brown tergites close to each other; cheliceral groove with ten denticles; seven spinnerets. Measurements: BL 10.00, CL 5.05, CW 4.60, OL 4.60, OW 2.90; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; leg I 15.71 (4.48 + 1.93 + 3.30 + 4.00 + 2.00), leg II 16.59 (4.45 + 1.90 + 3.37 + 4.62 + 2.25), leg III 18.29 (4.50 + 1.93 + 3.58 + 5.53 + 2.75), leg IV 23.40 (5.82 + 2.28 + 4.52 + 7.30 + 3.48). Palp. Prolateral side of paracymbium unpigmented and unsclerotised, numerous setae and spines at the tip of paracymbium (Fig. 22 A, B). Contrategulum margin incurved nearly in the middle and the contrategulum divided into proximally serrated and distally smooth margins (Fig. 22 A, D). Tegulum with wide dorsal extension of terminal apophysis (Fig. 22 C, D), blunt terminal and small marginal apophysis (Fig. 22 A, C, D). Conductor sclerotised and ovate, prolateral conductor with one or two shallow folds, and with a serrated margin (Fig. 22 B, C). Embolus sclerotised, with a wide opening, the distal margin slightly sclerotised, and with a saddle-shaped margin in the retrolateral view (Fig. 22 B, C). Females (N = 5). Carapace and opisthosoma colour as in male, dark brown tergites separated from each other; cheliceral groove with 12 or 13 pronounced denticles; seven or eight spinnerets. Measurements: BL 7.81 - 12.00, CL 3.60 - 4.55, CW 3.30 - 4.40, OL 4.10 - 7.60, OW 3.00 - 6.20; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; palp 6.64 (2.19 + 1.22 + 1.45 + 1.78), leg I 7.48 (2.47 + 1.35 + 1.22 + 1.52 + 0.92), leg II 7.40 (2.21 + 1.30 + 1.21 + 1.65 + 1.03), leg III 7.79 (2.11 + 1.38 + 1.20 + 1.90 + 1.20), leg IV 11.55 (3.20 + 1.55 + 2.10 + 3.05 + 1.65). Female genitalia. A pair of depressions on the ventro-lateral part of genital atrium indistinct (Fig. 23 D, E). Paired receptacular clusters along the anterior margin of bursa copulatrix, divided into two parts, the inners similar or smaller than the laterals, paired receptacular clusters tuberculate, inners with or without genital stalks (Fig. 23 A, B, D, E).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
5B74DB6FF1ED56B4B4B202B6EFFA3D5D.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species epithet, a noun in apposition, refers to the type locality, Unten Port.	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
5B74DB6FF1ED56B4B4B202B6EFFA3D5D.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The species is endemic to the Japanese island Okinawajima (Fig. 1 C).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
93A7B0B1F5C751FDAF1490890EE18AF2.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males of H. yakushimaensis differ from those of all other Kyushu group Heptathela species by a strongly serrated prolateral conductor margin (Fig. 8 G, H, J, K), the tapered tegular marginal apophysis (Fig. 8 L, M), and a larger tegular terminal apophysis (Fig. 8 L, M). Females of H. yakushimaensis differ from those of H. kimurai and H. higoensis by the finely granulated inner receptacular clusters that are smaller than the outer ones (Fig. 8 A-F), and from those of H. kikuyai by the inner receptacular clusters lacking well defined stalks. H. yakushimaensis also differs from all other Kyushu group Heptathela species by the following unique nucleotide substitutions in the standard DNA barcode alignment: T (56), A (68), T (74), G (77), C (84), C (89), C (95), G (98), C (107), A (110), C (122), T (131), T (143), T (164), T (167), C (188), C (200), C (212), T (215), C (216), G (218), T (236), G (242), T (248), G (251), C (278), A (284), T (293), C (294), C (308), T (323), C (347), C (356), T (392), T (395), C (396), T (401), T (407), C (411), C (413), C (417), G (422), G (425), C (437), C (438), A (443), T (455), T (458), T (461), T (482), T (488), C (510), T (528), A (530), A (536), A (539), T (548), G (557), C (567), C (584), T (591), T (632), T (635), G (638), T (650), A (665).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
93A7B0B1F5C751FDAF1490890EE18AF2.taxon	description	Description. Males (N = 2). Carapace brown; opisthosoma light brown, with dark brown tergites close to each other; cheliceral groove with 10 - 13 denticles; 7 spinnerets. Measurements: BL 8.70 - 10.50, CL 4.27 - 5.50, CW 4.00 - 4.90, OL 3.80 - 6.10, OW 2.40 - 4.40; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; leg I 13.27 (3.70 + 1.60 + 2.72 + 3.50 + 1.75), leg II 13.71 (3.55 + 1.65 + 2.80 + 3.75 + 1.96), leg III 14.65 (3.52 + 1.65 + 2.78 + 4.50 + 2.20), leg IV 18.64 (4.35 + 1.70 + 3.72 + 6.20 + 2.67). Palp. Prolateral side of paracymbium unpigmented and unsclerotised, numerous setae and spines at the tip of paracymbium (Fig. 8 G-I). Contrategulum with serrated margin proximally and smooth margin distally, and slightly curved at the proximal 2 / 3 of contrategulum (Fig. 8 G, H, J, K). Tegulum with serrated margin, widest in the middle (Fig. 8 K-M). Conductor prolateral margin strongly serrated (Fig. 8 G, H, J, K). Embolus wide with two peaks (Fig. 8 G-K). Females (N = 8). Carapace and opisthosoma colour as in male; cheliceral groove with 12 - 15 pronounced denticles; tergites similar to male; 7 spinnerets. Measurements: BL 9.10 - 14.80, CL 4.50 - 6.80, CW 4.05 - 5.90, OL 4.70 - 8.60, OW 3.00 - 6.40; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; palp 9.72 (3.22 + 1.70 + 2.10 + 2.70), leg I 11.15 (3.45 + 1.90 + 2.05 + 2.35 + 1.40), leg II 9.61 (3.07 + 1.90 + 1.00 + 2.36 + 1.28), leg III 11.75 (3.25 + 1.95 + 2.05 + 2.80 + 1.70), leg IV 16.30 (4.25 + 2.25 + 2.90 + 4.40 + 2.50). Female genitalia. A pair of depressions on the ventro-lateral part of genital atrium. A pair of receptacular clusters along the anterior margin of bursa copulatrix, divided into two parts, the inner part is similar or smaller than the outer part, on which there are several small granules (Fig. 8 A-F).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
93A7B0B1F5C751FDAF1490890EE18AF2.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. JAPAN · 2 ♂♂, 8 ♀♀; Kagoshima-ken, Kumage-gun, Yakushima-cho, Mt. Kankake-dake; 30.37 N, 130.39 E; alt. 170 m; 24 September 2013; D. Li and B. Wu leg.; XUX- 2013 - 490, 491, 493 to 500 (500, ♂ matured 2 August 2014 at CBEE).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
93A7B0B1F5C751FDAF1490890EE18AF2.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The species is known from the Kagoshima prefecture on the Japanese island Yakushima (Fig. 1 C).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
F2DC85B7FA1B59F284FE30521690E460.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males of H. yanbaruensis can be distinguished from those of H. helios by the contrategulum that is distinctly curved in the middle (Fig. 14 I, J), and from those of H. unten sp. nov. and H. crypta sp. nov. by the conductor that is longer than its width (Fig. 14 I, J). Females of H. yanbaruensis can be distinguished from those of H. shuri sp. nov. by the wide and straight posterior margin of the genital atrium (Fig. 14 A, C). Heptathela yanbaruensis can also be diagnosed from all other Heptathela species of the Okinawa group by the following unique nucleotide substitutions in the standard DNA barcode alignment: G (53), T (327), A (356), A (443).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
F2DC85B7FA1B59F284FE30521690E460.taxon	description	Description. Males (N = 3). Carapace yellow brown; opisthosoma light brown, with dark-spotted tergites close to each other; cheliceral groove with 10 - 12 denticles; seven spinnerets. Measurements: BL 8.53 - 9.22, CL 4.21 - 4.57, CW 3.71 - 3.75, OL 4.20 - 4.48, OW 2.30 - 2.80; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; leg I 14.28 (4.15 + 1.70 + 3.05 + 3.56 + 1.82), leg II 15.15 (3.97 + 1.70 + 3.07 + 4.13 + 2.28), leg III 15.24 (4.00 + 1.68 + 3.08 + 4.10 + 2.38), leg IV 19.78 (4.75 + 1.37 + 3.91 + 6.45 + 3.30). Palp. Prolateral side of paracymbium unpigmented and unsclerotised, numerous setae and spines at the tip of paracymbium (Fig. 14 E-G). Contrategulum margin obviously curved in the middle, the contrategulum margin proximally serrated and distally smooth (Fig. 14 H-J). Tegulum wide with a dentate dorsal extension of terminal apophysis (Fig. 14 J, K), blunt terminal and marginal apophysis (Fig. 14 J, K). Conductor oval, with weakly serrated margin, and a fold in prolateral view (Fig. 14 H-J). Embolus sclerotised, with a wide opening, the distal margin slightly sclerotised, and with a wide saddle-shaped margin in the retrolateral view (Fig. 14 I-K). Females (N = 15). Carapace and opisthosoma colour as in male; cheliceral groove with 11 - 14 pronounced denticles; tergites similar to male; seven spinnerets. Measurements: BL 7.78 - 10.33, CL 3.90 - 5.10, CW 3.40 - 4.23, OL 3.90 - 6.00, OW 2.80 - 4.70; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; palp 8.70 (2.96 + 1.51 + 2.11 + 2.12), leg I 10.20 (3.12 + 1.75 + 1.93 + 2.12 + 1.28), leg II 9.97 (3.05 + 1.72 + 1.77 + 2.13 + 1.30), leg III 10.05 (2.91 + 1.78 + 1.48 + 2.47 + 1.41), leg IV 14.77 (4.08 + 2.10 + 2.51 + 3.97 + 2.11). Female genitalia. A pair of depressions on the ventro-lateral part of the genital atrium (Fig. 14 C, D). The posterior margin of genital atrium wide and straight (Fig. 14 A-D). Paired receptacular clusters along the anterior margin of bursa copulatrix, divided into two parts, the size of inner ones similar to that of laterals, with several granules, with short genital stalks (Fig. 14 A-D).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
F2DC85B7FA1B59F284FE30521690E460.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. JAPAN · 3 ♂♂, 9 ♀♀; Okinawa-ken, Kunigami-son, Yona, Tropical Biosphere Research Centre field station, University of the Ryukyu; 26.76 N, 128.22 E; alt. 20 m; 18 December 2012; D. Li, F. X. Liu and X. Xu leg.; XUX- 2012 - 310 to 322 B · 6 ♀♀; Okinawa-ken, Ogimi-son, Taiho Dam; 26.65 N, 128.16 E; alt. 80 m; 24 December 2012; D. Li, F. X. Liu and X. Xu leg.; XUX- 2012 - 441 to 446.	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
F2DC85B7FA1B59F284FE30521690E460.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The species is endemic to the Japanese island Okinawajima (Fig. 1 C).	en	Xu, Xin, Ono, Hirotsugu, Kuntner, Matjaz, Liu, Fengxiang, Li, Daiqin (2019): A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands. ZooKeys 888: 1-50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34494
