taxonID	type	description	language	source
036A87F3D249FFC501CDFD07F3DDF975.taxon	description	(Figs 1 – 3)	en	Zuñiga, Ronald, Hanson, Paul (2025): Three new species of Labeninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) from Costa Rica. Zootaxa 5728 (3): 579-587, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8
036A87F3D249FFC501CDFD07F3DDF975.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype ♀: Costa Rica, Alajuela Prov. P. N. Volcán Tenorio, falda Norte Volcán Tenorio 1 Los Quemados, 1200 – 1300 m, iii – iv. 2010, J. A. Azofeifa, INB 0003318882 (MNCR). Paratype ♀: Cartago, Prov. P. N. Barbilla, Sector principal Río Barbilla, 485 m, iv. 2001, F. Umaña, INB 0004256770 (MNCR)	en	Zuñiga, Ronald, Hanson, Paul (2025): Three new species of Labeninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) from Costa Rica. Zootaxa 5728 (3): 579-587, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8
036A87F3D249FFC501CDFD07F3DDF975.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species can be readily recognized by its predominantly black body, with just a few white markings (Figs 1 – 2). Other key characters include: hind wing with distal abscissa of Cu 1 joining cu-a; epicnemial carina present; sternal region of mesothorax smooth and polished.	en	Zuñiga, Ronald, Hanson, Paul (2025): Three new species of Labeninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) from Costa Rica. Zootaxa 5728 (3): 579-587, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8
036A87F3D249FFC501CDFD07F3DDF975.taxon	description	Description. Female. Fore wing length 13.2 – 13.5 mm. Clypeus with a strong transverse ridge near apex; malar space 0.5 – 0.6 × as long as basal mandibular width; lower face with scattered punctures, at narrowest point 1.1 × as wide as height from clypeofacial suture to insertion of antenna (Fig. 2); hypostomal carina rather weak, joined by occipital carina close to base of mandible; posterior ocellus separated from eye by 1.2 – 1.4 × its own maximum diameter. Antenna with first flagellomere 0.8 – 0.9 × as long as second; subapical flagellomeres slightly elongate. Pronotum with upper hind margin strongly raised, forming a conical projection surmounted by a crest; scutoscutellar groove broad and deep; scutellum mostly smooth; epicnemial carina ventrally complete, laterally barely reaching lower corner of pronotum, its upper end curved anteriorly but remote from pleural margin, medioventrally protruding forwards in a weak V-shaped notch; sternal region of mesothorax smooth and polished, longitudinal groove along midline very shallow and barely evident, posterior transverse carina represented by lateromedian crests; metapleuron with a low rounded swelling near posterior end; submetapleural carina moderately expanded, with fairly strong median denticle. Propodeum in profile more or less flat; mostly smooth and shining, with anterior transverse carina complete, though somewhat irregular and slightly weaker mediodorsally (Fig. 3); lateromedian longitudinal carinae absent; lateral longitudinal carina complete, though obscured by setae anteriorly; area spiracularis and area lateralis distinct, but other areae not delineated. Fore leg with tibia slightly inflated distally, tarsus with long hairs on inner surface; mid tibia bearing three very short stout spines at apex; hind coxa with anterior furrow broadly and quite deeply impressed, expanded ventrally, with fringe of fine inconspicuous hairs. Fore wing with areolet large, anteriorly narrowly pointed with 2 rs-m meeting 3 rs-m, 2 m-cu joining areolet more or less in middle; 1 m-cu about 0.7 × length of abscissa of Cu 1 between Rs & M and 1 m-cu; hind wing with distal abscissa of Cu 1 joining cu-a. Metasoma with tergite I slender, about 2.5 × as long as posteriorly wide; sternite I short, reaching about 0.3 of length of tergite, with a weak median swelling; tergite II about 1.8 × as long as wide, smooth; tergite VII mediodorsally with a shallow Vshaped indentation posteriorly; tergite VIII in lateral view tapered to bluntly rounded apex, without cornus, and with scattered pubescence. Ovipositor extending beyond tip of metasoma by about 4.5 – 5.0 × length of hind tibia. Coloration. A shining black species (Fig. 1). Flagellum black with flagellomeres 26 – 29 white; head black with white marks in center of lower face, malar space and along inner eye margin (Fig. 2); a pair of small white marks present on dorso-posterior propodeum and another pair below the attachment of the metasoma. Fore leg white anteriorly, tarsus dull whitish dorsally except apical tarsomere which is apically black. Mid leg with coxa white ventrally (internally), dorsally black; trochanter mostly white except dorsally; femur black with white mark distally; tibia white anteriorly, posteriorly black; tarsus entirely black. Hind legs black, coxa with a small white stripe dorsally; trochanter white ventrally; tibia with a white mark basally; hind tarsus white except for first tarsomere and apex of last tarsomere. Fore wing hyaline, with a distinct subapical black spot; pterostigma black. Ovipositor sheath mostly black with subapical white band, narrowly black at apex. Male. Unknown.	en	Zuñiga, Ronald, Hanson, Paul (2025): Three new species of Labeninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) from Costa Rica. Zootaxa 5728 (3): 579-587, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8
036A87F3D249FFC501CDFD07F3DDF975.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Only two females have been collected: in the lowlands of the Caribbean area of the Talamanca mountain range and on the eastern slope of the Guanacaste mountain range. A modification of the key to Costa Rican Apechoneura species is given below. Apechoneura fuentesi is most like A. compacta Gauld but differs by being almost completely black with a more slender body, and with the sternal region of the mesothorax being polished with a barely evident longitudinal groove along the midline. It is possible that A. fuentesi belongs to the compacta species-group, but a male specimen is needed for confirmation since this group was partially defined by males having a flattened hirsute patch on the hind tibia (Gauld 2000, p. 384).	en	Zuñiga, Ronald, Hanson, Paul (2025): Three new species of Labeninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) from Costa Rica. Zootaxa 5728 (3): 579-587, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8
036A87F3D249FFC501CDFD07F3DDF975.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This species is named in honor of Gilbert Fuentes for his long term dedication to compiling a national bibliography on tropical biology (BINABITROP) for the Organization for Tropical Studies.	en	Zuñiga, Ronald, Hanson, Paul (2025): Three new species of Labeninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) from Costa Rica. Zootaxa 5728 (3): 579-587, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8
036A87F3D24BFFC301CDFBD8F46CFCAD.taxon	description	(Figs 7 – 9)	en	Zuñiga, Ronald, Hanson, Paul (2025): Three new species of Labeninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) from Costa Rica. Zootaxa 5728 (3): 579-587, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8
036A87F3D24BFFC301CDFBD8F46CFCAD.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype ♀: Costa Rica, Cartago Prov., La Represa, Torre del ICE, entre Porras y Villegas, 1800 m, iv. 1997, R. Delgado. INBIOCRI 002565799 (MNCR).	en	Zuñiga, Ronald, Hanson, Paul (2025): Three new species of Labeninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) from Costa Rica. Zootaxa 5728 (3): 579-587, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8
036A87F3D24BFFC301CDFBD8F46CFCAD.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Grotea acunae can be distinguished from all other species by: head without postgenal process (Fig. 8); antenna with 37 flagellomeres which are light yellowish brown, except for the most basal flagellomeres darker (Fig. 7); pronotum with epomia present.	en	Zuñiga, Ronald, Hanson, Paul (2025): Three new species of Labeninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) from Costa Rica. Zootaxa 5728 (3): 579-587, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8
036A87F3D24BFFC301CDFBD8F46CFCAD.taxon	description	Description. Female. Fore wing length 8.2 mm. Head 0.5 × as long as wide; malar space 0.6 × basal mandibular width; clypeus weakly convex; gena in dorsal view slightly rounded behind eyes, shiny, postgenal process virtually absent; frons and vertex shiny; occipital carina complete, upper part not raised into a flange, lower part joining hypostomal carina near base of mandible; ocelli forming a more or less equilateral triangle with posterior ocellus separated from eye by 1.2 × its own maximum diameter; antenna with 37 flagellomeres, flagellum slightly widened towards apex. Pronotum smooth and shiny, epomia distinct; mesoscutum smooth, slightly matte with inconspicuous punctures, notauli absent; scutoscutellar groove broad, deep and smooth; scutellum slightly convex, abruptly and evenly declivous posteriorly; mesopleuron smooth, with dense white setae, epicnemial carina complete, at dorsal end abruptly turned to join anterior margin of mesopleuron, just below mid height of pronotum; metapleuron smooth, with dense white setae. Propodeum (Fig. 9) mostly smooth and shining, with irregular wrinkles above the petiole attachment; area basalis and area externa enclosed, the former slightly wider anteriorly than posteriorly, about as long as anteriorly wide; anterior transverse carina distinct, posterior transverse carina indistinct; area spiracularis more or less delineated though less so anteriorly; area lateralis enclosed, 1.8 × as long as wide. Metasoma with tergite I exceptionally slender, nearly as wide anteriorly as posteriorly, about 6.5 × as long as posteriorly wide. Ovipositor extending beyond apex of metasoma by about 2.6 × length of hind tibia. Coloration. Head yellow, with a continuous black band extending from above the toruli to the ocellar triangle and then broadening behind the eyes and extending down through the occiput; antenna light yellowish brown with flagellomeres 1 – 3 darker. Pronotum yellow with brownish black band along posterolateral margin and part way up epomia; mesoscutum black with two longitudinal yellow lines that join posteriorly, the area between these two lines brownish black; scutoscutellar groove black; scutellum and postscutellum yellow, laterally black; propodeum with area between the lateral longitudinal carinae black, except posterior part yellow, laterally yellow; mesopleuron yellow with black along anterior margin and in front of epicnemium, longitudinal black band near dorsal margin, another longitudinal band located more ventrally is brownish black band, ventral surface yellow; metapleuron yellow with antero-ventral black mark, metasternum black. Metasomal segment I black dorsally and ventrally, yellow laterally; tergites II + mostly reddish brown, narrowly yellow on lateral and posterior margins; ovipositor sheath light yellow with dark tip. Front legs light yellow with light brownish tinge on back side of femur and tibia; mid and hind legs mostly light reddish brown with a yellow stripe on outer side of hind coxa, tarsi darker. Fore wing hyaline, pterostigma dark brown, without a subapical black spot. Male. Unknown.	en	Zuñiga, Ronald, Hanson, Paul (2025): Three new species of Labeninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) from Costa Rica. Zootaxa 5728 (3): 579-587, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8
036A87F3D24BFFC301CDFBD8F46CFCAD.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Only one female G. acunae has been collected, on the western slope of the Central Volcanic Mountain range. It is unique among the Costa Rican species of Grotea (Gauld 2000) in lacking a postgenal process and in having an epomia. It differs in various characters from recently described species (Herrera-Flórez 2014, 2018; Herrera-Flórez & Penteado-Dias 2019; Sandoval & Santos 2021; Lima & Kurnagai 2024). In the key to Neotropical species (Mazón et al. 2024), G. acunae goes to couplets 18 and 19 but differs from the three species in these couplets by having 37 flagellomeres, whereas G. fernandoi Lima has 31, G. llanera Herrera-Flórez has 40, and G. manausi Herrera-Flórez has 51. It also differs from these three species in color.	en	Zuñiga, Ronald, Hanson, Paul (2025): Three new species of Labeninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) from Costa Rica. Zootaxa 5728 (3): 579-587, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8
036A87F3D24BFFC301CDFBD8F46CFCAD.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This species is named in honor of Mariana Acuña Cordero for her dedication to the conservation of Costa Rican bees and her engagement with the community.	en	Zuñiga, Ronald, Hanson, Paul (2025): Three new species of Labeninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) from Costa Rica. Zootaxa 5728 (3): 579-587, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8
036A87F3D24DFFC101CDFF6BF42AF99D.taxon	description	(Figs 4 – 6)	en	Zuñiga, Ronald, Hanson, Paul (2025): Three new species of Labeninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) from Costa Rica. Zootaxa 5728 (3): 579-587, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8
036A87F3D24DFFC101CDFF6BF42AF99D.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype ♀ (antennae missing): Costa Rica, Puntarenas Prov. Finca Cafrosa, 1.1 km NE de la Escuela Progreso, 1200 m, ii. 1996, M. Chinchilla, INBIOCRI 002379898 (MNCR).	en	Zuñiga, Ronald, Hanson, Paul (2025): Three new species of Labeninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) from Costa Rica. Zootaxa 5728 (3): 579-587, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8
036A87F3D24DFFC101CDFF6BF42AF99D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Labena murilloi can be distinguished from other New World species by the following combination of characters: body yellow with black markings (Figs 4 – 5), fore wing without subapical black spot; propodeum in dorsal view bright yellow with black carinae, area basalis black and 2.0 × as wide as long, area superomedia confluent with areae petiolaris, dentipera and posteroexterna, this large area resembling a three-leaf clover (Fig. 6).	en	Zuñiga, Ronald, Hanson, Paul (2025): Three new species of Labeninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) from Costa Rica. Zootaxa 5728 (3): 579-587, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8
036A87F3D24DFFC101CDFF6BF42AF99D.taxon	description	Description. Female. Fore wing length 13.0 mm. Clypeus in anterior view basally almost flat, with a broad shallow impression on either side of slightly convex central apical region, with apex strongly convex in center; clypeofacial suture with scattered hairs; malar space 0.2 × as long as basal mandibular width; frons, vertex and gena smooth, without fine setiferous punctures; posterior ocellus separated from eye by 1.3 × its own maximum diameter; occipital carina complete, reaching hypostomal carina far from base of mandible, at a distance of 0.75 × the width of mandible base; hypostomal carina from base of mandible to union with occipital carina strongly raised. Pronotum smooth and shiny, without setiferous punctures, in dorsal view with two lateromedian pits and with an area of dense pubescence anteriorly; mesoscutum finely and very closely punctate, notauli absent, without transverse crest at anterior end; scutellum weakly punctate, slightly convex, with very short lateral carinae anteriorly; mesopleuron smooth and polished, with upper end of epicnemial carina slightly curved anteriorly just below center of hind pronotal margin; metapleuron very weakly convex, smooth and polished, with submetapleural carina complete. Propodeum in profile abruptly declivous; pleural carina absent anteriorly so that area spiracularis is open externally, present posteriorly and enclosing area lateralis; area basalis and area externa completely enclosed, the former about twice as wide as long; in dorsal view with area superomedia not delineated posteriorly, broadly confluent with areae petiolaris, dentipera and posteroexterna, this large area delineated anteriorly by anterior transverse carina which forms three broad lobes, the central lobe extending most anteriorly (Fig. 6); area externa fully enclosed, about 0.9 × as wide as long; area lateralis transverse, about 2.3 × as wide as long at longest point, coming to a point ventrally. Mid tibia with distal 0.7 strongly inflated, without longitudinal row of spine-like bristles on outer surface; second tarsomere about 1.2 × as long as wide, about as long as following two tarsomeres combined, second and third tarsomeres strongly spinose ventrally; hind coxa about 2.5 × as long as wide at widest point. Fore wing with areolet transverse, 0.4 × as wide as length of distal abscissa of M, with 3 rs-m nearly as long as 2 rs-m. Hind wing with cu-a 2.0 × as long as abscissa of Cu 1 between M and cu-a. Metasoma with tergite I about 2.6 × as long as posteriorly wide, without a carinae; sternite I reaching to spiracle, about 0.4 × length of tergite; tergite II 1.1 × as long as posteriorly wide; tergites II + with fine dense pubescence. Ovipositor extending beyond apex of metasoma by 1.9 × length of hind tibia, strongly laterally compressed, the apex of the lower valve with fine file-like teeth, and with a small scabrous area basal to these teeth. Coloration. A predominantly bright yellow species. Head with black marks just above toruli, a transverse band through the ocelli, and above the occipital carina. Pronotum with black in small central dorsal area and along lateroposterior margin; mesoscutum with three longitudinal black bands and with black around the periphery; black on scutoscutellar groove, posterior margin of scutellum, anterior and posterior margin of mesopleuron, area basalis and carinae of propodeum. Metasoma yellow with a transverse dark band centrally on tergite I; tergites II + black anteriorly. Legs yellow with internal (hind) surface of coxae and femora light brownish. Wings hyaline, pterostigma yellowish, without subapical black spot. Ovipositor sheath reddish brown, darker at apex. Male. Unknown.	en	Zuñiga, Ronald, Hanson, Paul (2025): Three new species of Labeninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) from Costa Rica. Zootaxa 5728 (3): 579-587, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8
036A87F3D24DFFC101CDFF6BF42AF99D.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Only one female has been collected of Labena murilloi, on the Pacific side of the Talamanca mountain range. A modification of the key to Costa Rican Labena species is given below. L. murilloi appears to belong to the grallator species group, but a male specimen is needed for confirmation since this group was partially defined by males having the fifth tarsomere of the front leg with a black comb-like area ventrally (Gauld 2000). Other Costa Rican species having a somewhat similar pattern of carinae on the propodeum (L. osai Gauld and L. pluvia Gauld) have a subapical black spot on the fore wing, which is lacking in L. murilloi. Among the species described recently from elsewhere in the Neotropics (Khalaim, & Ruíz-Cancion 2009; Bordera et al. 2010; González-Moreno et al. 2015), L. murilloi is most similar to L. litoralis González-Moreno & Bordero, described from Mexico (with one non-type male from French Guyana). However, L. murilloi differs by having the propodeum in dorsal view with the area basalis less transverse and the area superomedia confluent with the area petiolaris.	en	Zuñiga, Ronald, Hanson, Paul (2025): Three new species of Labeninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) from Costa Rica. Zootaxa 5728 (3): 579-587, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8
036A87F3D24DFFC101CDFF6BF42AF99D.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This species is named in honor of Luis Ricardo Murillo-Hiller for his enthusiastic dedication to teaching and research on the Lepidoptera of Costa Rica.	en	Zuñiga, Ronald, Hanson, Paul (2025): Three new species of Labeninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) from Costa Rica. Zootaxa 5728 (3): 579-587, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.8
