taxonID	type	description	language	source
03BBD012FFDEFFB0B5B809B3FA36C8EF.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Recognized among species of Chinavia by the body coloration, including lateral margins of juga, hemelytra and connexiva, predominantly green; peritreme exceeding half the width of the evaporatorium; corium not surpassing the posterior margin of connexival segment VI; medial spine of third urosternite reaching mid-coxae and occasionally surpassing it; apex of the flaps of pygophore ventral rim with a hook-like projection. Medium size, without differences in body length or width among species. Males: length, 11.7 ± 0.7 mm; width, 6.95 ± 0.04 mm. Females: length, 13.51 ± 0.12 mm; width, 8.2 ± 0.07 mm. Other measurements in Table 4.	en	Genevcius, Bruno C., Grazia, Jocelia, Schwertner, Cristiano F. (2012): Cladistic analysis and revision of the obstinata group, genus Chinavia Orian (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Zootaxa 3434: 1-30, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3434.1.1
03BBD012FFDEFFB0B5B809B3FA36C8EF.taxon	description	Coloration. Dorsal surface ranging from light to dark green, ventral surface blending to yellow medially. Segment I of antennae always green, segments II to V variable among species (black or green). Legs predominantly light-green, with apex of tibiae and tarsi dark green. Hemelytral membrane hyaline. Head. Dorsal surface of juga flat, shape of lateral margins variable among species. Rostrum always surpassing mesocoxae. Apex of scutellum obtuse. Thorax. Anterolateral margins of pronotum slightly sinuous. Humeral angles obtuse or slightly truncate. Peritreme surpassing half the width of the evaporatorium. Abdomen. Ventrally convex. Punctures of dorsal surface darker than the surrounding area, fine and dense; punctures of ventral surface concolorous with the surrounding area, inconspicuous and sparse. Sinuosity of posterior margin of segment VII inconspicuous, not projected over the basal angle of laterotergites 8. Male genitalia. Pygophore subtrapezoidal (Fig. 23), with posterolateral angles projected well beyond the ventral rim. Median projection of dorsal rim convex; lateral thirds of dorsal rim slightly projected over the genital cup. Flaps of pygophore ventral rim folded over the genital cup (Fig. 23); mesial margins of flaps concave and emarginated in black, apex with a curved hook-like projection; lateral margins sinuous. Segment X dorsally convex. Parameres projected anteroposteriorly. Ventral rim of pygophore moderately convex, median excavation “ V ” - shaped (Fig. 24). Depression of ventral wall not well developed, but delimited by a conspicuous carina. Phallus similar to other species of Chinavia (e. g. Schwertner & Grazia, 2006; Grazia et al. 2006). Female genitalia. Gonocoxites 8 (Fig. 25): sutural angles obtuse, sutural margins not juxtaposed, posterior margins almost straight. Gonapophyses 8 surpassing posterior margins of gonocoxites 8. Apex of laterotergites 9 obtuse, surface slightly concave, mesial margins rectilinear. Posterior margin of gonocoxites 9 concave. Spine of the posterior margin of gonapophyses 9 well developed (Fig. 25), sometimes reaching half length of the gonocoxites 9. Pars intermedialis as long as capsula seminalis (Fig. 26); posterior annular flange with diameter less than that of the anterior annular flange; anterior annular flange slightly curved toward pars intermedialis.	en	Genevcius, Bruno C., Grazia, Jocelia, Schwertner, Cristiano F. (2012): Cladistic analysis and revision of the obstinata group, genus Chinavia Orian (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Zootaxa 3434: 1-30, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3434.1.1
03BBD012FFDEFFB0B5B809B3FA36C8EF.taxon	distribution	Distribution (Fig. 1): Brazil: Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul. In all these states, the distribution of the species are mainly restricted to Atlantic Rain Forest areas; C. obstinata also occurs in the Coastal Plain of Rio Grande do Sul, more related to the Pampa, a biome dominated by grasslands and riparian forests.	en	Genevcius, Bruno C., Grazia, Jocelia, Schwertner, Cristiano F. (2012): Cladistic analysis and revision of the obstinata group, genus Chinavia Orian (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Zootaxa 3434: 1-30, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3434.1.1
03BBD012FFDAFFBDB5B80CC5FD4FC899.taxon	description	(Figs. 1, 7 b, 12 a, 23 a, 24 b, 25 b, 26 and 27; Tables 1, 2 and 4)	en	Genevcius, Bruno C., Grazia, Jocelia, Schwertner, Cristiano F. (2012): Cladistic analysis and revision of the obstinata group, genus Chinavia Orian (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Zootaxa 3434: 1-30, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3434.1.1
03BBD012FFDAFFBDB5B80CC5FD4FC899.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Body without black spots on pronotum, cicatrices, scutellum, basal angles or connexivum (Fig. 27). The spiracles are dark and the medial spine of third urosternite never surpasses the mesocoxae; these characters distinguish C. difficilis and C. napaea from C. obstinata. Antennae entirely green, anterolateral margins of pronotum without submarginal dorsal depression, and gonocoxites 8 not strongly convex separate C. difficilis from C. napaea. Coloration. Body predominantly green, except for a thin yellowish longitudinal band on the ventral lateral margins of urosternites.	en	Genevcius, Bruno C., Grazia, Jocelia, Schwertner, Cristiano F. (2012): Cladistic analysis and revision of the obstinata group, genus Chinavia Orian (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Zootaxa 3434: 1-30, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3434.1.1
03BBD012FFDAFFBDB5B80CC5FD4FC899.taxon	description	Head. Margins of juga with a slight concavity in front of eyes, apex of head broadened and semicircular (Fig. 27). Proportion of antennal segments: I <II <III <IV ≈ V. Rostrum surpassing the mesocoxae and sometimes reaching the posterior coxae. Proportion of rostrum segments: I ≈ II> III> IV. Thorax. Anterolateral margins of pronotum without submarginal dorsal depression. Hemelytra with costal angles of corium slightly obtuse. Sutural membrane convex. Abdomen. Medial spine of third urosternite never surpassing mesocoxae. Spiracles black. Male genitalia as in Fig. 23 a and 24 b. Posterolateral angles of pygophore well projected, extending beyond the posterior margin of segment X, tapering at the apex. Median excavation of the ventral rim slightly concave. Genital cup moderately excavated. Flaps of the ventral rim moderately infolded over the genital cup. Female genitalia (Figs. 25 b and 26). Gonocoxites 8 flat. Pars intermedialis conical; diameter of capsula seminalis twice the diameter of pars intermedialis. Processes of capsula seminalis subequal in length and subrectilineal, three times the length of pars intermedialis (Fig. 26).	en	Genevcius, Bruno C., Grazia, Jocelia, Schwertner, Cristiano F. (2012): Cladistic analysis and revision of the obstinata group, genus Chinavia Orian (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Zootaxa 3434: 1-30, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3434.1.1
03BBD012FFDAFFBDB5B80CC5FD4FC899.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil: Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and Santa Catarina.	en	Genevcius, Bruno C., Grazia, Jocelia, Schwertner, Cristiano F. (2012): Cladistic analysis and revision of the obstinata group, genus Chinavia Orian (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Zootaxa 3434: 1-30, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3434.1.1
03BBD012FFDAFFBDB5B80CC5FD4FC899.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Rhaphigaster difficilis Stål, 1860, holotype: BRASIL: Rio de Janeiro (♀, NRM). Additional material. BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro [Guanabara]: RJ, 1955, Zajciv (1 ♀, MNRJ); Rio de Janeiro [Guanabara]: RJ, X. 1963, M. Alvarenga (131 ♀, NMNH); Rio de Janeiro [Guanabara], Represa Rio Grande I. 1969, F. M. Oliveira (13, AMNH); Rio de Janeiro [Guanabara], Represa Rio Grande, M. Alvarenga & F. M. Oliveira, I. 1972 (13, AMNH); Rio de Janeiro [Guanabara]: Represa Rio Grande VII-VIII. 1972, M. Alvarenga (131 ♀, AMNH); Rio de Janeiro, Silva Jardim, March 1974, F. M. Oliveira (131 ♀, AMNH); Rio de Janeiro [Guanabara]: Represa Rio Grande, XII. 1977 (233, AMNH); Caraguatatuba, SP, 2. IV. 1962, Reichardt & Silva (1 ♀, DZRS); Rio nov., PR Uhler collection (1 ♀, NMNH); Criciuma, SC, 28. IX. 2007, Bianchi, F. M. (13, DZRS); Criciuma, SC, 8. XI. 2007, Bianchi, F. M. (1 ♀, DZRS); Criciuma, SC, 23. XI. 2007, Bianchi, F. M. (1 ♀, DZRS); Criciuma, SC, 7. II. 2008, Bianchi, F. M. (13, DZRS).	en	Genevcius, Bruno C., Grazia, Jocelia, Schwertner, Cristiano F. (2012): Cladistic analysis and revision of the obstinata group, genus Chinavia Orian (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Zootaxa 3434: 1-30, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3434.1.1
03BBD012FFD4FFBFB5B808B5FD27C8A4.taxon	description	(Figs. 1, 2, 9 c, 17 a, 23 b, 24 a, 25 a and 28; Tables 1, 2 and 4)	en	Genevcius, Bruno C., Grazia, Jocelia, Schwertner, Cristiano F. (2012): Cladistic analysis and revision of the obstinata group, genus Chinavia Orian (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Zootaxa 3434: 1-30, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3434.1.1
03BBD012FFD4FFBFB5B808B5FD27C8A4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The species can be distinguished from C. difficilis and C. napaea by the medial spine of third urosternite always surpassing mesocoxae, spiracles usually light in color and gonocoxites 8 moderately convex (Fig. 25 a). Also, black spots may be present on pronotum cicatrices, basal angles of scutellum, and on posterolateral angles of connexivum (Fig. 28). As in C. difficilis, the coloration of antennae is entirely green, while black in C. napaea.	en	Genevcius, Bruno C., Grazia, Jocelia, Schwertner, Cristiano F. (2012): Cladistic analysis and revision of the obstinata group, genus Chinavia Orian (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Zootaxa 3434: 1-30, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3434.1.1
03BBD012FFD4FFBFB5B808B5FD27C8A4.taxon	description	Coloration. Lateral margins of urosternites entirely green, without a thin yellowish longitudinal band. Cicatrices, basal angles of scutellum, and posterolateral angles of connexivum sometimes with black spots present. Head. Margins of juga with a moderate concavity in front of eyes, apex of head semicircular. Proportion of antennal segments: I <II <III <IV ≈ V. Rostrum always reaching mesocoxae. Proportion of rostrum segments: I ≈ II> III> IV. Thorax. Anterolateral margins of pronotum without submarginal dorsal depression. Humeral angles obtuse. Sutural membrane slightly curved. Abdomen. Medial spine of third urosternite reaching and sometimes surpassing mesocoxae. Spiracles usually light but sometimes black. Male genitalia (Fig. 23 b and 24 a). Posterolateral angles of pygophore well projected beyond the posterior margin of segment X, truncate; median excavation of the ventral rim strongly concave. Genital cup strongly excavated. Flaps of ventral rim strongly folded over the genital cup, surface of flaps with a median concavity. Female genitalia (Fig. 25 a). Gonocoxites 8 slighlty convex, with a submarginal depression along the sutural and posterior margins. Pars intermedialis with parallel lateral margins; diameter of capsula seminalis four times the diameter of pars intermedialis. Processes of capsula seminalis with different lengths: the longer process five times the length of pars intermedialis and twice the length of the shorter. Longer process of the capsula seminalis twisted. Distribution. Brazil: Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul.	en	Genevcius, Bruno C., Grazia, Jocelia, Schwertner, Cristiano F. (2012): Cladistic analysis and revision of the obstinata group, genus Chinavia Orian (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Zootaxa 3434: 1-30, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3434.1.1
03BBD012FFD4FFBFB5B808B5FD27C8A4.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Raphigaster obstinatus Stål, 1860, lectotype: BRASIL: F. Sahlb. (♂, NRM); Acrosternum panizzii Frey-da-Silva & Grazia, 2001, holotype: BRASIL: PR, Curitiba, 17. IV. 1975, A. R. Panizzi col, em Passiflora sp. (♂, DZRS). Additional material. BRAZIL: Minas Gerais, Mata da Prefeitura, Corrego Paraiso, 6. nov. 1985, T. J. Henry and S. P. Fiuza colls. (1 ♀, NMNH); Vila Ideal, Juiz de Fora, MG, 30. I. 1975, 0 2808 (1 ♀, FIOC); Vila Ideal, Juiz de Fora, MG, 30. I. 1975, 0 2809 (1 ♀, FIOC); Vila Ideal, Juiz de Fora, RJ, 30. I. 1975, 0 28010 (13, FIOC); São Bento, D. Caxias, Est. do Rio de Janeiro, VI. 1953, C. A. C. Seabra (131 ♀, MNRJ); Rio de Janeiro, Acc. 2966, oct. (1 ♀, NMNH); Rio de Janeiro, Acc. 586 and 315 (2 ♀♀, NMNH); Rio de Janeiro, 1916, Olavo Lerne (1 ♀, MNRJ); Rio de Janeiro, 7. XII. 1989 (1 ♀, MNHN); Campinas, SP, 4. XI. 1975 (1 ♀, DZRS); Campinas, SP, 16. III. 1976, B. Pregnolatto col. (1 ♀, DZRS); Campinas, SP, 11. XI. 1976, L. Medeiros col. (13, DZRS); Campinas, SP, III. 1979, C. T. Teradeira (1 ♀, ZUEC); Campinas, SP, 13. IV. 1982, Pereira Luiz Tadeu (1 ♀, DZRS); Ubatuba, SP, BR, 23. X. 1976, B. C. Lopes col. (131 ♀, DZRS); Caraguatatuba, SP, Res. Flo., 40 m, 2. IV. 1962, Martin Reichart & Silva (132 ♀♀, DZRS); Ilha de Buzios, SP, 16. X- 4 XI. 1963 (1 ♀); Ibirapuera, São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 7. IX. 1981, M. Balog (1 ♀, DZRS); Rio Nov., PR Uhler collection (8331 ♀, NMNH); Rio Iguaçu, PR, VII. 1992, Skuk, G. (1 ♀, DZRS); Corupá, SC, Hansa Huboldt, Brazil, XII. 1944, A. Maller col., Frank Johnson donor (1 ♀, AMNH); Nova Teutônia (SC), 27 ° 11 ’ B 52 ° 23 ’ L, Fritz Plaumann, 300 - 500 m, II. 27.1948 (13, AMNH); Nova Teutônia (SC), 27 ° 11 ’ B 52 ° 23 ’ L, Fritz Plaumann, 300 - 500 m, VII. 1948 (3 ♀♀, AMNH); Nova Teutônia (SC), 27 ° 11 ’ B 52 ° 23 ’ L, Fritz Plaumann, 300 - 500 m, 27. VII. 1948 (131 ♀, AMNH); Nova Teutônia (SC), 27 ° 11 ’ B 52 ° 23 ’ L, Fritz Plaumann, 300 - 500 m, IX. 23.1948 (1 ♀, NMNH); Nova Teutônia (SC), 27 ° 11 ’ B 52 ° 23 ’ L, Fritz Plaumann, 300 - 500 m, IX. 17.1950 (1 ♀, NMNH); Nova Teutônia (SC), 27 ° 11 ’ B 52 ° 23 ’ L, Fritz Plaumann, 300 - 500 m, III. 6.1951; Nova Teutônia (SC), 27 ° 11 ’ B 52 ° 23 ’ L, Fritz Plaumann, 300 - 500 m, I. 12.1957 (13, NMNH); Nova Teutônia (SC), 27 ° 11 ’ B 52 ° 23 ’ L, Fritz Plaumann, 300 - 500 m, XI. 20.1959 (2 ♀♀, AMNH); Nova Teutônia (SC), 27 ° 11 ’ B 52 ° 23 ’ L, Fritz Plaumann, 300 - 500 m, VII. 1970 (131 ♀, NMNH); Criciuma, SC, 24. II. 2003, Remus, G. (13, DZRS); Criciuma, SC, 16. III. 2003, Remus, G. (1 ♀, DZRS); Criciuma, SC, 22. IX. 2003, Remus, G. (1 ♀); Criciuma, SC, 1. VI. 2004 (13, DZRS); Criciuma, SC, 3. IX. 2004, Gonçalves, J. (1 ♀, DZRS); Criciuma, SC, 23. VIII. 2006, Teixeira, R. A. (1 ♀, DZRS); Criciuma, SC, 5. XII. 2006, Ramos, T. C. (1 ♀, DZRS); Criciuma, SC, 12. II. 2007, Remus, G. (1 ♀); Criciuma, SC, 27. II. 2007, Behs, D. (1 ♀, DZRS); Criciuma, SC, VIII. 2007, Bianchi, F. M. (1 ♀, DZRS); Criciuma, SC, 11. IX. 2007, Bianchi, F. M. (13, DZRS); Criciuma, SC, 27. IX. 2007, Marcarini (1 ♀, DZRS); Içara, SC, 10. I. 2006, Stone, J (2 ♀♀, DZRS); Içara, SC, 6. II. 2006, Martins, F (131 ♀, DZRS); Içara, SC, 11. II. 2006, Stone, J (1 ♀, DZRS); Içara, SC, 22. II. 2006, Stone, J (1 ♀, DZRS); Içara, SC, 25. II. 2006, Stone, J (1 ♀, DZRS); Içara, SC, 15. III. 2006, Stone, J (1 ♀, DZRS); Içara, SC, 19. IX. 2006, Stone, J (1 ♀, DZRS); Içara, SC, 7. III. 2007, Martins, F (1 ♀, DZRS); Içara, SC, 31. III. 2008, Alberton (1 ♀, DZRS); Montenegro, RS, 01. XII. 1977, T. Arigony leg. (131 ♀, DZRS); São Leopoldo, RS, 16. XII. 1989, A. Mohr (1 ♀, DZRS); Rio Grande do Sul, Estrela, II. 2000, Schwertner col., in Passiflora edulis (13, DZRS); Estrela, RS, 12. I. 2002, em Passiflora edulis, Schwertner col. (3332 ♀♀, DZRS); Estrela, RS, II. 2002, Schwertner col., (33310 ♀♀, DZRS); Porto Alegre, RS, 13. VIII. 1956 (13, MGAP); Porto Alegre, RS, 30. X. 1956 (13, MGAP); Porto Alegre, RS, 24. VIII. 1982, G. Moreira, em laranjeira (131 ♀, DZRS); Porto Alegre, RS, B. Higienópolis, 7. III. 1993, J. Grazia (13, DZRS); Porto Alegre, RS, XI. 1994, Fernandes J. A. M. (13, DZRS); Porto Alegre, RS, II. 1995, Fernandes J. A. M. (13, DZRS); Porto Alegre, RS, XI. 1995, Fernandes J. A. M. (13, DZRS); Porto Alegre, RS, X. 2000, Fernandes J. A. M. (13, DZRS); Porto Alegre, RS, 14. II. 2001, Matesco, V. (13, DZRS); Bairro Assunção, Porto Alegre, RS, 14. II. 2001, Matesco col. (13, DZRS); Morro do Osso, Porto Alegre, RS, XII. 2001, Fernandes J. A. M. col (13, DZRS); Viamao, RS, 17. II. 2007, J. C. Bernardes (13, DZRS); Pelotas, RS, 13. XI. 1982, C. V. Gastal leg. (1 ♀, DZRS); Pelotas, RS, 20. III. 2001, L. M. Vivian (3332 ♀♀, DZRS); Estação Ecologica Taim, RS, 17. III. 1982, J. Grazia (333, DZRS); no data: 2334 ♀♀ (NMNH).	en	Genevcius, Bruno C., Grazia, Jocelia, Schwertner, Cristiano F. (2012): Cladistic analysis and revision of the obstinata group, genus Chinavia Orian (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Zootaxa 3434: 1-30, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3434.1.1
03BBD012FFD6FFBEB5B808B5FDDECB1E.taxon	description	(Figs. 1, 12 b, 25 c and 29; Tables 1, 2 and 4)	en	Genevcius, Bruno C., Grazia, Jocelia, Schwertner, Cristiano F. (2012): Cladistic analysis and revision of the obstinata group, genus Chinavia Orian (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Zootaxa 3434: 1-30, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3434.1.1
03BBD012FFD6FFBEB5B808B5FDDECB1E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Species known for its dark-green coloration, without black spots on cicatrices, scutellum, and connexivum (Fig. 29). As in C. difficilis, the spiracles are dark and the medial spine of third urosternite never surpasses the mesocoxae; these characters distinguish C. difficilis and C. napaea from C. obstinata. Antennal segments II to V black, a broad submarginal dorsal depression along the anterolateral margins of pronotum. Scutellum tapering at apex.	en	Genevcius, Bruno C., Grazia, Jocelia, Schwertner, Cristiano F. (2012): Cladistic analysis and revision of the obstinata group, genus Chinavia Orian (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Zootaxa 3434: 1-30, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3434.1.1
03BBD012FFD6FFBEB5B808B5FDDECB1E.taxon	description	Coloration. Body entirely green, except for antennal segments II to V black. Head. Margins of juga with a moderate concavity in front of eyes, apex of head semielliptical. Proportion of antennal segments: I <II <III <IV ≈ V. Rostrum always reaching mesocoxae. Proportion of rostrum segments: I ≈ II> III> IV. Thorax. Anterolateral margins of pronotum with submarginal dorsal depression (Fig. 29). Humeral angles obtuse. Hemelytra with costal angles of corium truncate. Sutural membrane slightly curved. Scutellum tapering at apex. Abdomen. Medial spine of third urosternite reaching and sometimes surpassing mesocoxae. Spiracles black. Male genitalia unknown. Female genitalia (Fig. 25 c). Gonocoxites 8 strongly convex with excavations on the posterior margin.	en	Genevcius, Bruno C., Grazia, Jocelia, Schwertner, Cristiano F. (2012): Cladistic analysis and revision of the obstinata group, genus Chinavia Orian (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Zootaxa 3434: 1-30, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3434.1.1
03BBD012FFD6FFBEB5B808B5FDDECB1E.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil: Rio de Janeiro.	en	Genevcius, Bruno C., Grazia, Jocelia, Schwertner, Cristiano F. (2012): Cladistic analysis and revision of the obstinata group, genus Chinavia Orian (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Zootaxa 3434: 1-30, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3434.1.1
03BBD012FFD6FFBEB5B808B5FDDECB1E.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype. BRASIL: no data of origin. (♀, NRM) Additional material. BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, Parque do Museu, 8. VII. 1912, E. Moreira (1 ♀, MNRJ); Parque do Museu, 17. V. 1912, Balou (1 ♀, MNRJ).	en	Genevcius, Bruno C., Grazia, Jocelia, Schwertner, Cristiano F. (2012): Cladistic analysis and revision of the obstinata group, genus Chinavia Orian (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Zootaxa 3434: 1-30, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3434.1.1
