taxonID	type	description	language	source
03BF3042C872FFEB8EFB9D6CFC7020F7.taxon	description	(Figure 2 A)	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C872FFEB8EFB9D6CFC7020F7.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined ESFM-POL / 05 - 547, 18 September 2005, K 15, 0.2 – 3 m, stones with algae, 17 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 547, 19 September 2005, K 17, 0.1 – 2 m, stones with algae, 1 specimen. Remarks Lepidonotus tenuisetosus differs from the other Mediterranean species of Lepidonotus in having elytra with fringing papillae and cylindrical microtubercules with crownlike tips (Figure 2 A). Distribution This species was originally described from the Red Sea (Gravier 1902) and subsequently reported from the Suez Canal, Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean and Mediterranean Sea (Barnich and Fiege 2003). In the Mediterranean, this species was first reported from the coasts of Israel and Egypt at 18 – 27 m depths (Barnich and Fiege 2003). This species is new to the marine fauna of Turkey.	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C871FFEA8EE39F26FC4D2186.taxon	description	(Figure 2 B – G) Pisione guanche San Martín et al. 1999: 35 – 38, figs 2, 3. Material examined ESFM-POL / 05 - 794, 10 September 2005. I skenderun Bay, D 22, 36 ° 20 ′ 57 ″ N, 35 ° 48 ′ 43 ″ E, 10 m, sand, 2 specimens. Description Largest specimen incomplete, 2 mm long, 0.25 mm wide, with 18 chaetigers. Body pale brownish, slender (Figure 2 B). Prostomium surrounded by buccal segment; palps long, smooth; dorsal cirri of buccal segment shorter than palps, with small papillae; ventral cirri small. Two pairs of eyes between chaetigers 1 and 2 (Figure 2 B). Buccal aciculae strong, pale yellow, distally expanded, with pointed tip (Figure 2 C). Dorsal cirri, except for those on chaetiger 2, small, globular with a short, spherical distal papilla; dorsal cirri on chaetiger 2 digitiform (Figure 2 D), almost twice as long as others. Ventral cirri small, spherical in all parapodia, except for those on chaetiger 1; digitiform, almost twice as long as others. Parapodia long, truncated, each with a divided prechaetal lobe and two aciculae; upper one long, protruding dorsally (Figure 2 F). Five or six chaetae per parapodium; one superior simple chaeta thick, stout, with a small, bidentate subdistal process and obliquely truncated, densely serrated tip (Figure 2 G); four heterogomph compound chaetae with short blades, unidentate, with long, coarse spines on cutting edges; blades 17.5 – 22.5 µm long; shafts with a subdistal double knob and bifid tip (Figure 2 E). Pharynx with two pairs of jaws. Distribution Pisione guanche was originally described from the Canary Islands at 8 – 45 m depths on coarse sand and sand (San Martín et al. 1999). This species is new to the Mediterranean fauna. As it has not been reported from the western Mediterranean, its presence in the eastern Mediterranean might indicate that it was introduced to the area in the ballast waters of ships. Family AMPHINOMIDAE Savigny in Lamarck, 1818	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C870FFE48EFE9D86FF09200E.taxon	description	(Figure 3 A – C) Linopherus canariensis Langerhans 1881: 109 – 110, pl. 4, figs 14 a – g; Núñez et al. 1991: 473 – 475, fig. 3.? Pseudeurythoe acarunculata; Laubier 1966: 12; Ben-Eliahu 1976: 160 – 161, fig. 1 (not Monro 1937). Pseudeurythoe acarunculata; Ergen and Çinar 1997: 233; Çinar 2005: 147 (not Monro 1937). Material examined ESFM-POL / 05 - 426, 12 September 2005, K 1, 0.5 m, rocks, 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 05 - 470, 14 September 2005, K 8, 1 – 3 m, rocks, 6 specimens; ESFM-POL / 05 - 624, 14 September 2005, K 9, 0.1 – 3 m, rocks, 2 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 700, 19 September 2005, K 19, 0.1 – 5 m, stones, 5 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1199, 19 September 2005, K 19, 0.1 m, Brachidontes pharaonis, 6 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 765, 20 September 2005, K 22, 0.1 – 5 m, rocks, 7 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 632, 22 September 2005, K 26, 0.1 – 3 m, rocks, 13 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 972, 22 September 2005, K 27, 0.1 – 5 m, on rocks, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2499, 24 September 2005, K 30, 2 m, Posidonia oceanica, 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2635, 3 October 2005, K 45, 0.2 m, Co. mediterranea, 26 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2262, 3 October 2005, K 45, 0.2 m, Amphiroa rigida, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2456, 7 October 2005, K 53, 3 m, Aplysina aerophoba, 3 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2435, 7 October 2005, K 53, 3 m, Sarcotragus sp., 1 specimen. Additional material examined ESFM-POL / 93 - 15, 21 July 1993, Kemer, Levantine Sea, 5 m, algae, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 93 - 305, 15 May 1997, Northern Cyprus, Levantine Sea, D 4, 35 ° 37.8 ′ N, 34 ° 21.1 ′ E, 35 m, sand with Branchiomma lanceolatum, 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2590, 9 October 2005, Aegean Sea, Kusadasi, 37 ° 42 ′ 32 ″ N, 27 ° 12 ′ 21 ″ E, 1 m, P. oceanica, 1 specimen. Description Largest specimen complete, 6.8 mm long, 0.6 mm wide, with 32 chaetigers. Body pale brownish, without pigmentation (Figure 3 A). Prostomium with anterior and posterior lobes; anterior lobe expanded, rounded, larger than posterior one. Anterior lobe with lateral antennae, bi-articulated, located anteriorly. A pair of slightly bi-articulated palps located on posterolateral part of anterior lobe. Two pairs of eyes; anterior pair larger, almost crescent-shaped, posterior pair spherical, concealed by chaetiger 1 (Figure 3 A). Median antenna smaller than laterals, located between posterior pair of eyes. Caruncle absent. Parapodia biramous with notopodial and neuropodial cirri; notopodial cirri similar in size throughout. Branchiae present between chaetigers 3 and 8 (rarely 7). Anterior branchiae with six to eight filaments, posterior branchiae with three to four filaments. Notopodia with two types of chaetae; serrated capillary chaeta with a minute spur and harpoon chaeta. Harpoon chaetae weakly denticulated, becoming numerous towards posterior end. Neuropodia with two types of chaetae; serrated capillary chaeta with a long basal spur and furcate chaeta. In anterior parapodia, serrated capillary chaetae with a long basal spur relatively coarsely serrated along its cutting edge, numbering 30; maximally 400 µm long (distance from spur to tip) (Figure 3 C). Furcate chaetae numbering five or six on anterior neuropodia; long tine, coarsely serrated distally, 21 µm long; short tine 5 µm long (Figure 3 C). In posterior parapodia, middle part of furcate chaetae enlarged (Figure 3 B). Pygidium rounded, without cirri. Remarks The genus Linopherus de Quatrefages, 1865, also known as Pseudeurythoe Fauvel, 1932 (junior synonym), was represented by only one species (L. acarunculata) in the Mediterranean Sea. This species was first reported on the coast of Lebanon by Laubier (1966) and subsequently on the Israeli coast by Ben-Eliahu (1976) and on the Turkish coast by Ergen and Çinar (1997). The main diagnostic feature of L. acarunculata is that branchiae are first present on chaetiger 4. In L. canariensis, branchiae commence from chaetiger 3. I re-examined specimens of Linopherus collected from the Levantine and Aegean Seas, and confirmed that all specimens belonged to L. canariensis, not L. acarunculata. Therefore, previous reports of L. acarunculata from the eastern Mediterranean should be re-examined to determine whether L. acarunculata really occurs in the Mediterranean. Distribution This species was previously reported from the eastern and western parts of the Atlantic Ocean (Núñez et al. 1991). It is new to the Mediterranean fauna. As it has not been reported from the western Mediterranean and the Red Sea, it could have been introduced to the area in the ballast waters of ships from the Atlantic Ocean.	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C87EFFE78E269C6EFBB8269C.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined ESFM-POL / 05 - 464, 12 September 2005, K 5, 1 – 3 m, stones, three specimens; ESFM- POL / 05 - 535, 15 September 2005, K 10, 0 – 1 m, rocks, 4 specimens; ESFM-POL / 05 - 565, 11 September 2005, K 4, 0.5 m, ropes, 12 specimens; ESFM-POL / 05 - 610, 14 September 2005, K 9, 1 – 3 m, rocks, 10 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1194, 21 September 2005, K 24, 0.5 m, Jania rubens, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2636, 25 September 2005, K 33, 0.1 m, Co. mediterranea, 15 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2338, 28 September 2005, K 36, 0.3 m, Cystoseira elegans, 4 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2313, 3 October 2005, K 44, 0.1 m, Cy. elegans, 3 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2431, 7 October 2005, K 53, 3 m, Sarcotragus sp., 3 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2461, 7 October 2005, K 53, 3 m, Aplysina aerophoba, 3 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2274, 7 October 2005, K 53, 0.1 m, Cy. elegans, 21 specimens. Remarks This species is very similar to the Mediterranean species Exogone verugera (Claparède, 1868) but differs from it in having dorsal cirri on chaetiger 2 (lacking in E. verugera) and a short proventricle (relatively long in E. verugera). Distribution	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C87DFFE68E869ADCFC6721C6.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined ESFM-POL / 05 - 407, 12 September 2005, K 1, 1 m, stones, 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 05 - 579, 11 September 2005, K 4, 0.5 m, ropes, 3 specimens; ESFM-POL / 05 - 457, 12 September 2005, K 5, 1 – 3 m, rocks, 4 specimens; 13 September 2005, K 6, 1 – 3 m, rocks, 5 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 291, 13 September 2005, K 7, 2 m, sand, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 486, 15 September 2005, K 11, 1 m, J. rubens, 11 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 715, 19 September 2005, K 19, 0.1 – 5 m, rocks, 6 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1208, 21 September 2005, K 24, 0.5 m, Co. mediterranea, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2333, 24 September 2005, K 30, 0.1 m, Halopteris scoparia, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2769, 25 September 2005, K 32, 2 m, rocks, 3 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2641, 25 September 2005, K 33, 0.1 m, Co. mediterranea, 12 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2709, 26 September 2005, K 34, 1 m, port’s piling, 17 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2669, 3 October 2005, K 44, 0.1 m, Co. mediterranea, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2264, 3 October 2005, K 45, 0.2 m, Amphiroa rigida, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2291, 5 October 2005, K 50, 0.1 m, Cystoseira crinita, 5 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2283, 7 October 2005, K 53, 0.1 m, Cy. elegans, 1 specimen. Remarks The morphological features of the specimens examined are similar to the original and subsequent descriptions of Eusyllis kupfferi. This species is mainly characterized by having a transverse dark brownish line on the dorsomedian part of each anterior segment, unidentate falcigers, a slightly curved dorsal chaeta with a long filament and an aciculum with a rounded tip. Distribution This species was previously reported from the western and eastern Atlantic, Australia and Mediterranean Sea (Aguado and San Martín 2007). In the Mediterranean, it was first reported from the coast of northern Cyprus on algae and rocks between 1 and 15 m depths (Çinar and Ergen 2003), and subsequently from the Lebanon coast on hard substrata between 3 and 34 m depths (Aguado and San Martín 2007). This species is considered to have been introduced to the area in the ballast waters of ships (Çinar and Ergen 2003). It is a new species to the marine fauna of Turkey.	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C87DFFE68E869ADCFC6721C6.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined ESFM-POL / 2005 - 891, 23 September 2005, Anamur, D 28, 36 ° 03 ′ 37 ″ N, 32 ° 53 ′ 11 ″ E, 25 m, muddy sand with Udotea petiolata and Caulerpa prolifera, 1 specimen. Distribution This species was previously known from Australia and the Mediterranean (Çinar et al. 2003). It is considered to have been introduced to the area in the ballast waters of ships (Çinar et al. 2003). It is new to the marine fauna of Turkey.	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C87CFFE08ED59C2EFD872496.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined ESFM-POL / 2005 - 72, 9 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, D 4, 36 ° 43 ′ 32 ″ N, 36 ° 10 ′ 03 ″ E, 25 m, muddy sand, 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 05 - 669, 9 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, D 5, 36 ° 43 ′ 03 ″ N, 36 ° 11 ′ 28 ″ E, 11 m, pebbles, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 54, 9 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, D 8, 36 ° 51 ′ 45 ″ N, 35 ° 55 ′ 01 ″ E, 10 m, on muddy sand with Caulerpa prolifera, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 160, 9 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, D 10, 36 ° 45 ′ 40 ″ N, 35 ° 48 ′ 29 ″ E, 50 m, mud with shell fragments, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 05 - 722, 10 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, D 19, 36 ° 21 ′ 15 ″ N, 35 ° 44 ′ 27 ″ E, 75 m, mud, 1 specimen; ESFM- POL / 2005 - 166, 10 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, D 21, 36 ° 20 ′ 43 ″ N, 35 ° 48 ′ 8 ″ E, 25 m, muddy sand, 78 specimens; ESFM-POL / 05 - 789, 10 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, D 22, 36 ° 20 ′ 57 ″ N, 35 ° 48 ′ 43 ″ E, 10 m, muddy sand, 6 specimens; ESFM- POL / 05 - 412, 12 September 2005, K 1, 1 m, rocks, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 05 - 196, 13 September 2005, K 6, 0 – 2 m, rocks, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 05 - 450, 13 September 2005, K 7, 0 – 3 m, rocks, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 05 - 254, 14 September 2005, K 9, 0.1 – 2 m, rocks, 4 specimens; ESFM-POL / 05 - 471, 14 September 2005, K 8, 1 – 3 m, stones, 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 05 - 552, 15 September 2005, K 10, 0 – 1 m, rocks, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 05 - 651, 15 September 2005, K 11, 0.1 – 3 m, stones with algae, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 705, 19 September 2005, K 19, 0.1 – 5 m, rocks, 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1245, 19 September 2005, K 19, 0.1 m, Co. mediterranea, 9 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1303, 19 September 2005, K 19, 4 m, Halophila stipulacea, 12 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 771, 20 September 2005, K 22, 0.1 – 5 m, rocks, 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 605, 21 September 2005, K 24, 0.1 – 5 m, rocks, 5 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 648, 22 September 2005, K 26, 0.1 – 3 m, rocks, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1340, 22 September 2005, K 27, 0.1 – 5 m, rocks, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 751, 22 September 2005, BT 4, 36 ° 04 ′ 33 ″ N, 32 ° 52 ′ 36 ″ E, 3 m, mud, 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 986, 22 September 2005, D 27, 36 ° 04 ′ 28 ″ N, 32 ° 53 ′ 03 ″ E, 10 m, muddy sand, 6 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 968, 22 September 2005, K 27, 0.2 m, Brachidontes pharaonis, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1218, 22 September 2005, K 27, 2 m, Sarcotragus sp., 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 862, 23 September 2005, Anamur, D 28, 36 ° 03 ′ 37 ″ N, 32 ° 53 ′ 11 ″ E, 25 m, muddy sand with Udotea petiolata and Caulerpa prolifera, 3 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1481, 29 September 2005, K 39, 0.1 m, sand, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2251, 25 September 2005, K 33, 0.1 m, J. rubens, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2642, 25 September 2005, K 33, 0.1 m, Co. mediterranea, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2713, 26 September 2005, K 34, 1 m, port’s piling, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2344, 28 September 2005, K 36, 0.3 m, Cy. elegans, 8 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1756, 30 September 2005, G 15, 36 ° 17 ′ 3 ″ N, 30 ° 09 ′ 33 ″ E, 10 m, Z. marina, 3 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2219, 3 October 2005, K 44, 0.1 m, J. rubens, 11 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2307, 3 October 2005, K 44, 0.1 m, Cy. elegans, 103 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2662, 3 October 2005, K 44, 0.1 m, Co. mediterranea, 5 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2421, 3 October 2005, K 44, 2 m, Sarcotragus sp., 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2738, 3 October 2005, K 45, 0 – 3 m, rocks, 12 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2511, 3 October 2005, K 45, 9 m, P. oceanica, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2259, 3 October 2005, K 45, 0.2 m, Amphiroa rigida, 11 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2674, 6 October 2005, Fethiye Bay, BT 7, 36 ° 37 ′ 44 ″ N, 29 ° 04 ′ 39 ″ E, 10 m, on P. oceanica, 12 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1630, 6 October 2005, Fethiye Bay, BT 11, 36 ° 38 ′ 23 ″ N, 29 ° 06 ′ 46 ″ E, 10 m, mud, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1739, 6 October 2005, Fethiye Bay, G 27, 36 ° 37 ′ 46 ″ N, 29 ° 06 ′ 32 ″ E, 5 m, muddy sand, 8 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2271, 7 October 2005, K 53, 0.1 m, Cy. elegans, 28 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2358, 7 October 2005, K 53, 3 m, Z. marina, 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2439, 7 October 2005, K 53, 2 m, Sarcotragus sp., 4 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2459, 7 October 2005, K 53, 3 m, Aplysina aerophoba, 22 specimens. Distribution This species was previously reported from the Red Sea, western Atlantic, Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean and Mediterranean (Day 1967). In the Mediterranean, It was first reported from the Israeli coast (near Haifa, collection date: 1974 – 1975) by Amoureux (1976) and considered to be a Lessepsian migrant. It has also been found on the coast of Cyprus between 20 and 210 m depths (Çinar 2005). The present study extends its distributional range to Turkey.	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C87AFFE08EC198A6FEBF26D6.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined ESFM-POL / 05 - 473, 14 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, K 8, 1 – 3 m, on rock, 1 specimen. Distribution This species was previously reported from the Indian Ocean, Australia, Suez Canal and Mediterranean (Ben-Eliahu 1972; Qiu and Qian 2000). In the Mediterranean, it was first reported from the Israeli coast by Ben-Eliahu (1972) and considered to be a Lessepsian migrant. The present study extends its distributional range to Turkey.	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C87AFFE08ECE9D16FF012386.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined ESFM-POL / 2005 - 192, 13 September 2005, K 6, 2 m, Sarcotragus sp., 4 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1328, 19 September 2005, K 17, 2 m, Sarcotragus sp., 4 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1338, 22 September 2005, K 27, 2 m, Sarcotragus sp., 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2425, 3 October 2005, K 45, 2 m, Sarcotragus sp., 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2427, 7 October 2005, K 53, 3 m, Sarcotragus sp., 23 specimens. Distribution This species was previously reported from Australia, the Indian Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, the Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea (Qiu and Qian 2000; Ilan et al. 1994). Ilan et al. (1994) first reported it in association with sponges collected from the Israeli coast. It is considered to be a Lessepsian migrant. It is new to the marine fauna of Turkey.	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C879FFE38EB299BEFC73205E.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined ESFM-POL / 2005 - 242, 9 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, G 3, 36 ° 51 ′ 8 ″ N, 35 ° 55 ′ 42 ″ E, 25 m, mud, 4 specimens; ESFM-POL / 05 - 708, 10 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, D 19, 36 ° 21 ′ 15 ″ N, 35 ° 44 ′ 27 ″ E, 75 m, mud, 2 specimens; ESFM- POL / 05 - 779, 10 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, D 18, 36 ° 23 ′ 38 ″ N, 35 ° 39 ′ 26 ″ E, 100 m, mud, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 38, 10 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, D 15, 36 ° 31 ′ 56 ″ N, 35 ° 35 ′ 16 ″ E, 50 m, mud, 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 101, 10 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, D 20, 36 ° 20 ′ 7 ″ N, 35 ° 46 ′ 56 ″ E, 50 m, muddy sand, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 141, 10 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, D 16, 36 ° 30 ′ 12 ″ N, 35 ° 36 ′ 24 ″ E, 70 m, mud, 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 254, 10 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, G 4, 36 ° 44 ′ 9 ″ N, 35 ° 44 ′ 32 ″ E, 50 m, mud, 3 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 384, 10 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, G 5, 25 m, muddy sand, 36 ° 43 ′ 44 ″ N, 35 ° 43 ′ 39 ″ E, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1385, 17 September 2005, Mersin Bay, G 8, 36 ° 44 ′ 22 ″ N, 34 ° 39 ′ 02 ″ E, 25 m, mud, 3 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 821, 17 September 2005, Mersin Bay, D 23, 36 ° 40 ′ 50 ″ N, 34 ° 35 ′ 12 ″ E, 50, mud, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1323, 19 September 2005, K 19, 4 m, Halophila stipulacea, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 987, 22 September 2005, Anamur, D 27, 36 ° 04 ′ 28 ″ N, 32 ° 53 ′ 03 ″ E, 10 m, muddy sand, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1095, 23 September 2005, Anamur, D 29, 36 ° 01 ′ 17 ″ N, 32 ° 48 ′ 14 ″ E, 50 m, muddy sand with Caulerpa racemosa, 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2066, 30 September 2005, Finike Bay, G 17, 36 ° 16 ′ 48 ″ N, 30 ° 10 ′ 20 ″ E, 50 m, mud, 1 specimen. Distribution This species was previously known from the Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean, Red Sea and Mediterranean (Çinar et al. 2002). In the Mediterranean Sea, it was first reported from the Israeli coast at depths ranging from 10 to 15 m by Ben-Eliahu (1991) and considered to be a Lessepsian migrant. It was also reported from the Aegean (Çinar et al. 2002) and Levantine coasts (Ergev et al. 2003) of Turkey.	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C879FFE28D7C9C8EFC202654.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined ESFM-POL / 2005 - 52, 9 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, D 8, 36 ° 51 ′ 45 ″ N, 35 ° 55 ′ 01 ″ E, 10 m, sand with Caulerpa prolifera, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 21, 10 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, D 12, 36 ° 43 ′ 37 ″ N, 35 ° 42 ′ 44 ″ E, 9 m, muddy sand, 3 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 108, 10 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, D 13, 36 ° 33 ′ 22 ″ N, 35 ° 34 ′ 17 ″ E, 10 m, muddy sand, 3 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 404, 10 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, G 5, 36 ° 43 ′ 44 ″ N, 35 ° 43 ′ 39 ″ E, 25 m, muddy sand, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 525, 17 September 2005, Mersin Bay, G 7, 36 ° 46 ′ 41 ″ N, 34 ° 39 ′ 39 ″ E, 10 m, muddy sand, 2 specimens. Remarks This species is mainly characterized by having notopodial falcigers with two or three large teeth and the proboscial areas VII and VIII with a single row of paragnaths. Distribution This species was previously reported from the Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean, Red Sea and Mediterranean (Harmelin 1964; Day 1967). In the Mediterranean, it was first found on P. oceanica near Marseille (western Mediterranean) (Harmelin 1964). As it also occurs in the Levantine Sea (this study) and has not been reported from the eastern Atlantic, N. jacksoni might have been introduced to the Mediterranean from the Suez Canal. This species is new to the marine fauna of the Levantine Sea.	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C878FFE28EA19A64FEE2238C.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1399, 17 September 2005, Mersin Bay, G 11, 36 ° 45 ′ 47 ″ N, 34 ° 51 ′ 54 ″ E, 5 m, mud, 7 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 852, 17 September 2005, Mersin Bay, D 24, 36 ° 38 ′ 04 ″ N, 34 ° 34 ′ 23 ″ E, 75 m, mud, 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 753, 22 September 2005, Anamur, DT 5, 36 ° 45 ′ 54 ″ N, 34 ° 51 ′ 38 ″ E, 5 m, mud, 94 specimens. Remarks Like Nereis jacksoni, it has also notopodial falcigers with two or three large teeth but mainly differs by having proboscial areas VII and VIII with three or four rows of paragnaths (single in N. jacksoni). Distribution This species was previously reported from the Pacific Ocean, Indian Ocean, Red Sea, Suez Canal and Mediterranean (Day 1967; Ben-Eliahu 1972). In the Mediterranean, it was first reported from the Israeli coast by Ben-Eliahu (1972) and considered to be a Lessepsian migrant. The present study extends its distributional range to Turkey.	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C867FFFD8E8F99DEFDD92656.taxon	description	(Figure 3 D) Glycinde bonhourei Gravier 1904: 474; Böggemann 2005: 226 – 230, figs 132, 133. Material examined ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1397, 17 September 2005, Mersin Bay, G 11, 36 ° 45 ′ 47 ″ N, 34 ° 51 ′ 54 ″ E, 5 m, mud, 94 specimens. Remarks This species differs from the native species Glycinde nordmanni (Malmgren, 1865) by having proboscial area II- 1 with unidentate papillae (Figure 3 D) (tridentate in G. nordmanni). Distribution This species is distributed in the Pacific Ocean, Indian Ocean, Red Sea and Mediterranean (Böggemann 2005). In the Mediterranean, it was first reported from the Israeli coast (Ben-Eliahu 1972) and considered to be a Lessepsian migrant. It is new to the marine fauna of Turkey.	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C867FFFF8EA39AB3FE7C278B.taxon	description	(Figure 4) Onuphis eremita oculata Hartman 1951: 52 – 54, figs 1,2; Fauchald 1982: 40 – 41, fig. 12 b. Material examined ESFM-POL / 2005 - 105, 10 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, D 13, 36 ° 33 ′ 22 ″ N, 35 ° 34 ′ 17 ″ E, 10 m, muddy sand, 46 specimens; ESFM-POL / 05 - 294, 10 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, D 14, 36 ° 32 ′ 51 ″ N, 35 ° 34 ′ 37 ″ E, 25 m, muddy sand, 5 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1406, 17 September 2005, Mersin Bay, G 11, 36 ° 45 ′ 47 ″ N, 34 ° 51 ′ 54 ″ E, 5 m, mud, 26 specimens. Description Largest specimen incomplete, 10 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, with 35 chaetigers. Body elongated, slightly enlarged in middle part, dark brownish pigmentation on anterior part (in first 25 chaetigers); posterior and lateral parts of peristomium strongly pigmented, posterior part of dorsum of each anterior chaetiger with transverse dark brown pigmentation; prostomium pale brownish with dark brown spots on anterior and posterior parts; dark brown spots (one or two, rarely three) also present in antennae, palps and frontal lips; ceratophores of antennae and palps with circular brown pigmentations (Figure 4 A). Prostomium anteriorly pointed, with a pair of subulate frontal lips and a pair of ventral upper lips; oval, massive, fused at base. Antennae placed in a row on anterior part of prostomium. Median antenna extending back to chaetiger 7; ceratophore with 19 rings, ceratostyle twice as long as ceratophore. Lateral antennae extending back to chaetiger 16; ceratophores with 25 rings, ceratostyles two or three times longer than ceratophores. Palps placed in anterolateral part of prostomium, extending back to chaetiger 2; ceratophores with 18 rings, ceratostyles shorter than ceratophores. Eyes, small, spherical, located next to palps (Figure 4 B). Peristomium slightly incised anteriorly; with two antennae, filiform, located dorsolateral part of peristomium, extending back to anterior part of chaetiger 1. First two chaetigers larger than remaining ones. Branchiae present from chaetiger 1 to end of fragment; first 24 chaetigers having simple branchiae; branchiae with two filaments between chaetigers 24 and 27, and three filaments after chaetiger 27. Ventral cirri cirriform on first six chaetigers. Digitiform postchaetal lobes distinct from chaetiger 1 to 24. Chaetigers 1 and 3 having four tridentate pseudocompound hooks with blunt hood and five capillary chaetae; blade of hooks 75 – 120 µm long (Figure 4 C). Subacicular hooks bidentate, first present on chaetiger 8 (Figure 4 D). Middle parapodia with two subacicular hooks and eight limbate chaetae. Pectinate chaetae flat, distally transverse, with 10 teeth (Figure 4 E). Maxillary formula MI: 1 + 1, MII: 7 + 6, MIII: 8 + 0, MIV: 7 + 8, MV: 1 + 1. Remarks Onuphis eremita oculata differs from the native species O. eremita Audouin and Milne Edwards, 1833 in having eyes on the anterior part of the prostomium. The Mediterranean specimens coincide with the original description of O. eremita oculata. Distribution This species was only known from the Gulf of Mexico, western Atlantic (Hartman 1951). As it was found near harbours in I skenderun and Mersin Bays, it could have been introduced to the area by ballast waters of ships. This species is new to the Mediterranean fauna.	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C865FFF98EBB9BE4FE4421AC.taxon	description	(Figure 5)	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C865FFF98EBB9BE4FE4421AC.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined ESFM-POL / 2005 - 59, 9 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, D 9, 36 ° 45 ′ 59 ″ N, 35 ° 48 ′ 18 ″ E, 25 m, stones, 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 191, 13 September 2005, K 6, 2 m, Sarcotragus sp., 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 05 - 481, 14 September 2005, K 8, 1 – 3 m, rocks, 51 specimens; ESFM-POL / 05 - 618, 14 September 2005, K 9, 0.1 – 3 m, rocks, 15 specimens; ESFM-POL / 05 - 557, 15 September 2005, K 10, 0 – 1 m, rocks, 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1327, 19 September 2005, K 17, 2 m, Sarcotragus sp., 3 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1301, 19 September 2005, K 17, 0.1 m, J. rubens, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 814, 19 September 2005, K 17, 0.1 – 3 m, rocks, 23 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 721, 19 September 2005, K 19, 0.1 – 5 m, rocks, 2 specimens; ESFM- POL / 2005 - 787, 20 September 2005, K 22, 0.1 – 5 m, rocks, 25 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 598, 21 September 2005, K 24, 0.1 – 5 m, rocks, 15 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 657, 22 September 2005, K 26, 0.1 – 3 m, rocks, 29 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1369, 22 September 2005, K 27, 0.4 m, Co. mediterranea, 5 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1214, 22 September 2005, K 27, 0.2 m, Brachiodontes pharaonis, 1 specimen; ESFM- POL / 2005 - 1149, 22 September 2005, K 27, 0.4 m, J. rubens, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1292, 22 September 2005, K 27, 0.4 m, H. scoparia, 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1011, 22 September 2005, K 27, 0.1 – 5 m, rocks, 5 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2200, 24 September 2005, K 30, 0.1 m, J. rubens, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2651, 25 September 2005, K 33, 0.1 m, Co. mediterranea, 3 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2310, 3 October 2005, K 44, 0.1 m, Cy. elegans, 12 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2660, 3 October 2005, K 44, 0.1 m, Co. mediterranea, 57 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2739, 3 October 2005, K 45, 0.1 – 3 m, rocks, 14 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2420, 3 October 2005, K 44, 2 m, Sarcotragus sp., 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2216, 3 October 2005, K 44, 0.1 m, J. rubens, 24 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2265, 3 October 2005, K 45, 0.2 m, Amphiroa rigida, 3 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2301, 4 October 2005, K 48, 0.2 m, H. scoparia, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2281, 7 October 2005, K 53, 0.1 m, Cy. elegans, 3 specimens. Description Largest specimen complete, 12 mm long, 0.8 mm wide, with 70 chaetigers. Body pale brownish; two or three transverse brownish bars on dorsum of segments between peristomium and chaetiger 38. Prostomium globular, as long as wide, with a pair of nuchal organs placed posterolaterally, with well-developed buccal lips ventrally (Figure 5 A, B). Peristomium shorter than prostomium. All parapodia well developed, especially between chaetigers 4 and 25; prechaetal lobe short, rounded; postchaetal lobe well developed, digitiform. Dorsal cirri short, present on all parapodia, with one to three notoaciculae. Composite multidentate hooded hooks numbering two per parapodium, present from chaetigers 1 to 20, with short blades (ca. 30 µm), with up to 10 distal teeth of similar size (Figure 5 C). Simple multidentate hooded hooks from chaetiger 21 to last chaetiger, numbering three per parapodium, with up to eight teeth; proximal tooth bigger than others (Figure 5 D). Limbate chaetae numbering four per parapodium, from chaetiger 1 to 36 (Figure 5 E). Aciculae yellow, aristate, numbering three in anterior parapodia, one in posterior ones. Pygidium with terminal anus, with two pairs of anal cirri; dorsal cirri slightly longer that ventral cirri. Mandible divided for about half its length. Five pairs of maxillae; maxillary carriers shorter than MI, anterior end constricted. MI forceps-like with attachment lamella well developed. MII as long as MI, with five, triangular teeth. MIII with four teeth, proximal tooth shortest (Figure 5 F). MIV bidentate, distal tooth longer than proximal (Figure 5 F). MV free, prominent, lateral to MIV and MIII. Distribution	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C863FFFA8E849C06FC8020AE.taxon	description	(Figure 6)	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C863FFFA8E849C06FC8020AE.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined ESFM-POL / 2005 - 168, 10 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, D 21, 36 ° 20 ′ 43 ″ N, 35 ° 48 ′ 08 ″ E, 25 m, muddy sand, 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 05 - 585, 11 September 2005, K 4, 0.5 m, ropes, 3 specimens; ESFM-POL / 05 - 408, 12 September 2005, K 1, 1 m, rocks, 4 specimens; ESFM-POL / 05 - 352, 12 September 2005, K 5, 0.3 – 1 m, rocks, 21 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 406, 13 September 2005, K 6, 0.1 m, Cystoseira sp., 3 specimens; ESFM-POL / 05 - 363, 13 September 2005, K 6, 1 – 3 m, rocks, 14 specimens; ESFM-POL / 05 - 625, 14 September 2005, K 9, 0.1 – 3 m, port’s piling, 3 specimens ESFM-POL / 05 - 472, 14 September 2005, K 8, 1 – 3 m, rocks, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 05 - 530, 15 September 2005, K 10, 0 – 1 m, rocks; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 448, 15 September 2005, K 10, 0.5 m, J. rubens, 3 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 557, 18 September 2005, K 15, 0.2 – 3 m, rocks, 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 803, 19 September 2005, K 17, 0.1 – 3 m, rocks, 25 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1261, 19 September 2005, K 17, 2 m, Sarcotragus sp., 4 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1198, 19 September 2005, K 19, 0.1 m, Brachidontes pharaonis, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 691, 19 September 2005, K 19, 0.1 – 5 m, rocks, 68 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1244, 19 September 2005, K 19, 0.1 m, Co. mediterranea, 68 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1305, 19 September 2005, K 19, 4 m, Halophila stipulacea, 5 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 776, 20 September 2005, K 22, 0.1 – 5 m, rocks, 7 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1177, 21 September 2005, K 24, 5 m, sand, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1376, 21 September 2005, K 24, 0.5 m, Sphacelaria cirrosa, 12 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 590, 21 September 2005, K 24, 0.1 – 5 m, rocks, 41 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1195, 21 September 2005, K 24, 0.5 m, J. rubens, 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1209, 21 September 2005, K 24, 0.5 m, Co. mediterranea, 9 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1224, 22 September 2005, K 28, 0.1 m, sand, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 637, 22 September 2005, K 26, 0.1 – 3 m, rocks, 4 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1283, 22 September 2005, K 27, 0.4 m, H. scoparia, 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1341, 22 September 2005, K 27, 2 m, Sarcotragus sp., 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1151, 22 September 2005, K 27, 0.1 – 5 m, rocks, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 970, 22 September 2005, K 27, 0.4 m, J. rubens, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2491, 24 September 2005, K 30, 2 m, P. oceanica, 25 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2326, 24 September 2005, K 30, 0.1 m, H. scoparia, 17 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2770, 25 September 2005, K 32, 2 m, rocks, 4 specimens; ESFM- POL / 2005 - 2655, 25 September 2005, K 33, 0.1 m, Co. mediterranea, 3 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2469, 29 September 2005, K 37, 0.2 m, Brachidontes pharaonis, 17 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2341, 28 September 2005, K 36, 0.3 m, Cy. elegans, 92 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2659, 3 October 2005, K 44, 0.1 m, Co. mediterranea, 111 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2537, 3 October 2005, K 45, 9 m, P. oceanica, 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2213, 3 October 2005, K 44, 0.1 m, J. rubens, 110 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2742, 3 October 2005, K 45, 0.1 – 3 m, rocks, 7 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2255, 3 October 2005, K 45, 0.2 m, Amphiroa rigida, 17 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2300, 4 October 2005, K 48, 0.2 m, H. scoparia, 8 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1525, 5 October 2005, K 50, 5 m, muddy sand, 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2539, 5 October 2005, K 50, 6 m, P. oceanica, 3 specimens; ESFM- POL / 2005 - 2288, 5 October 2005, K 50, 0.1 m, Cytoseira crinita, 140 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2183, 5 October 2005, K 50, 0.1 m, J. rubens, 27 specimens; ESFM- POL / 2005 - 2436, 7 October 2005, K 53, 3 m, Sarcotragus sp., 3 specimens; ESFM- POL / 2005 - 2273, 7 October 2005, K 53, 0.1 m, Cy. elegans, 17 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2374, 7 October 2005, K 53, 3 m, Z. marina, 4 specimens. Description Largest specimen complete, 4.5 mm long, 0.4 mm wide (chaetiger 4), with 43 chaetigers. Ventral surface flattened, dorsal surface slightly domed; body pale brownish, with no colour markings (Figure 6 A). Prostomium somewhat rounded, slightly longer than wide; with two reddish eyes, large, in open trapezoidal arrangement; anterior and posterior pairs almost similar in size (Figure 6 A). Two antennae emerging just posterolateral sides of anterior eyes, with seven joints. Palps stout, with palpostyles, shorter than antennae. Peristomium large, two or three times larger than anterior segments. Each segment with two ciliary bands. Chaetiger 1 without notopodia, without dorsal cirri, with thick ventral cirri. Subsequent chaetigers with slender dorsal cirri, extending slightly beyond parapodial lobes; with internal acicula; cirrophores large, subrectangular, almost three times longer than cirrostyles; cirrostyles subtriangular. Neuropodia of chaetiger 1 with rudimentary subtriangular pre- and postchaetal lobes. Neuropodia of anterior chaetigers well developed, with bifid prechaetal lobe and distally pointed postchaetal lobe. Posterior neuropodia becoming slender, with pointed pre- and postchaetal lobes. Supra-acicular neurochaetae with two types; one placed most superiorly, numbering two per fascicle, simple, slen- der, serrate with bidentate tip (Figure 6 B); other numbering two or three per fascicle, simple, cultriform, serrated subdistally, with bidentate tip (Figure 6 D); furcate chaeta absent. Subacicular part of parapodia with 10 falcigers; blades strongly bidentate, 20 – 12.5 µm long, with thin spines along cutting edge, with thin hoods; shafts densely serrated (Figure 6 C). Notopodial aciculum slender, neuropodial aciculum simple, stout. Posterior parapodia with one cultriform chaeta and eight falcigers; blades strongly bidentate, 22.5 – 10 µm long. Dorsal cirri becoming shorted in posterior parapodia, as long as parapodial lobes. Pygidium with two pairs of anal cirri; dorsal anal cirri almost four times longer than ventral ones, wrinkled. Ventral anal cirri digitiform. Anus placed dorsally. Maxillary has symmetrical, fused- to oval-shaped base, serrate along anterior margins. Maxillae with 24 free denticles in superior row, 32 free denticles in inferior row. Each basal plate of superior row with nine teeth. Anterior free denticles prolonged, distally curved, with main fang, one lateral, three medial teeth. Middle free denticles with strongly curved main fang, one lateral, two medial teeth (Figure 6 G). Posterior free denticles short, with large main fang, one lateral, three medial teeth (Figure 6 E). Each basal plate of inferior row with seven teeth. Middle free denticles with main fang, two lateral teeth, three medial teeth (Figure 6 F). Anterior free denticles strongly prolonged, with main fang, two lateral, four medial teeth. Mandibles symmetrical, fused medially, each with four to six small free denticles anteriorly, 10 small teeth on inner margin (Figure 6 H). Reproduction Oocytes were found in the coelomic cavity of a specimen at K 15 (ESFM-POL / 2005 - 557): large, almost ovoid, having a maximum diameter of 190 µm (mean 163.4 ± 3.7 µm, n = 25). Distribution	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C860FFF58E119F3BFCA42714.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined ESFM-POL / 05 - 666, 8 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, D 1, 36 ° 38 ′ 11 ″ N, 36 ° 06 ′ 48 ″ E, 72 m, mud, 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 05 - 762, 10 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, D 17, 36 ° 27 ′ 24 ″ N, 35 ° 35 ′ 15 ″ E, 100 m, mud, 1 specimen. Distribution This species was known from the east Pacific, West Atlantic and Mediterranean (Çinar and Ergen 2007). In the Mediterranean, it was first reported from Izmir Bay and its vicinity (Aegean Sea, Turkey) and considered as a cryptic species (Çinar and Ergen 2007). It is new to the fauna of the Levantine Sea.	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C86FFFF78E8A9B54FD8E20A6.taxon	description	(Figure 7)	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C86FFFF78E8A9B54FD8E20A6.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1129, 17 September 2005, K 13, 0.2 m, on tyres, 3 specimens. Additional material examined ZMUC-POL- 260, 3 Syntypes, 18 September 1845, St Croix, Caribbean Sea. Description Largest specimen complete, 27 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, with 153 chaetigers. Body elongated, thickened throughout with short, crowded segments, tapering posteriorly, with a shallow ventral groove (Figure 7 A). Background colour pale brownish, with black pigmentations on anteroventral body surfaces; tentacular filaments and branchiae pale brownish (Figure 7 A, B). Prostomium triangular, broad, bluntly pointed on anterior margin; eyes absent. Peristomium short, about 1.5 times longer than prostomium, with two distinct annulations. Tentacular filaments present on chaetigers 4 and 6, formed in two distinct groups, each having 32 filaments. Branchiae present from chaetiger 1 to posterior segments; branchiae located just dorsal to notopodia from chaetigers 1 to 10; branchiae gradually moving to dorsal midline of body from chaetiger 10 to 50 and located in midline from chaetiger 50 to posterior end. Notopodia and neuropodia widely separated, poorly developed. Parapodia with capillary chaetae and acicular spines. Chaetiger 1 with only capillary chaetae, numbering six on notopodia and 10 on neuropodia, measuring c. 650 µm long. Acicular spines first present on notopodium of chaetiger 30, and on neuropodium of chaetiger 16. In anterior chaetigers (between chaetiger 16 and 50), acicular spines associated with capillary chaetae. On chaetiger 30, notopodia with three acicular spines and six capillary chaetae, neuropodia with three acicular spines and one capillary chaeta. Acicular spines in anterior parapodia, brownish, slightly sigmoid, c. 100 µm long. After chaetiger 50, neuropodia with only acicular spines and after chaetiger 55 to pygidium, acicular spines numbering one on each neuropodia (Figure 7 C). On chaetiger 75, notopodia with three acicular spines and three capillary chaetae; neuropodia with only one acicular spine; acicular spines measuring 140 µm on notopodia, 300 µm on neuropodia; capillary chaetae on notopodia measuring 540 µm. Acicular spines on neuropodia of middle parapodia sigmoid and dark brownish. On posterior parapodia, notopodia with three acicular spines (100 µm long) and one capillary chaeta (360 µm long) (Figure 7 D); neuropodia with one acicular spine (160 µm long) (Figure 7 E). Pygidium somewhat triangular; anal opening placed dorsally. Reproduction One specimen of this species has oocytes in its coelomic cavity, measuring 80 – 100 µm in diameter. Remarks The Mediterranean specimens coincide with the syntypes of Timarete caribous deposited in ZMUC. However, there are some slight differences between Mediterranean and Caribbean specimens that could be the result of the difference in the size of worms. The largest syntype (34 mm long, 3 mm wide, with 176 chaetigers) is longer than the largest Mediterranean specimen. The neuropodial hooks are first present on chaetiger 16 in both specimens, but notopodial hooks are commenced on chaetiger 30 in the Mediterranean specimen, on chaetiger 40 in the Caribbean specimen. The neuropodia are represented by only one sigmoid hook after chaetiger 50 in the Mediterranean specimen, whereas the solitary neuropodial hook can be seen after chaetiger 100 in the Caribbean Sea. The morphology of chaetae is similar in both specimens. In the Mediterranean, T. caribous might have been overlooked or confused with the native species T. filigera (Delle Chiaje, 1828). Therefore, the previous reports of T. filigera, particularly from the harbour environments, should be checked to ascertain the real distribution pattern of this species in the Mediterranean. The main difference between these species is that the middle and posterior neuropodia of T. caribous have only one large, sigmoid dark brown hook, whereas those of T. filigera have at least three relatively thin, pale brownish hooks associated with one or two capillary chaetae. The other Timarete species reported from the Mediterranean Sea is T. punctata (Grube, 1859), which was considered to be a Lessepsian migrant (Çinar 2007). Timarete punctata mainly differs from T. caribous in having black irregular spots on body surface, tentacular filaments and branchiae (absent in T. caribous). Distribution This species was previously known from the western and central Atlantic Ocean (Kirkegaard 1981). It could have been introduced to the Mediterranean via ballast waters of ships, as it was found only on a used tyre submerged in the fishing harbour at Karaduvar (Mersin Bay), which is very close to one of the largest commercial harbours (Mersin Harbour) in Turkey.	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C86DFFF18D759F03FE8224FE.taxon	description	(Figure 8)	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C86DFFF18D759F03FE8224FE.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined ESFM-POL / 05 - 631, 15 September 2005, K 11, 0.1 – 3 m, stones with algae, 12 specimens. Descriptions Largest specimens incomplete, 12 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, with 25 chaetigers. Body cylindrical tapered posteriorly from chaetiger 26 (in a complete specimen), forming a narrow tail. A well-marked sandy shield on anterior region extending from chaetiger 1 to 4 (Figure 8 A). Anterior segments with large, pyriform papillae, arranged in an anterior row, wart-like papillae scattered on surface. Number of pyriform papillae diminishing towards posterior end; on dorsal sides of middle segments, five pyriform papillae present. In all parapodia, a large, pyriform papilla present just ventral side of notopodia. Cephalic cage distinct, with 45 very fine long chaetae of first two chaetigers; maximally 6 mm. Chaetigers 3 – 6 having three to five fine capillaries in both rami (Figure 8 C). Two stout simple hooks appearing in neuropodium of chaetiger 7. Afterwards, number of hooks slowly increasing to four in middle and again decreasing to two at posterior end of body (Figure 8 B). Hooks stout, amber coloured in middle parapodia; thin, pale yellow in posterior parapodia. Eyes not seen. One dorsal and two lateral flattened lips around mouth. Distribution This species was described from the Philippines and has been previously reported from the Pacific and Indian Oceans (Day 1967). It is a new species to the Mediterranean fauna. Pherusa parmata has not been reported from the Red Sea and Suez Canal. As it was only found in I skenderun Bay, where many ports are located, this species might have been introduced to the area by ballast waters of ships from Indo- Pacific areas.	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C86BFFF08D629B3EFE722073.taxon	description	(Figure 9)	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C86BFFF08D629B3EFE722073.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined ESFM-POL / 05 - 498, 14 September 2005, K 8, 1 – 3 m, rocks, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 574, 18 September 2005, K 15, 0.2 – 3 m, rocks, 11 specimens. Additional material examined Paratype, NHM 1963.1.127, Saldanha Bay, South Africa 33 ° 03 ′ S, 18 ° 00 ′ 9 ″ E, 15 m depth, shells khaki sand and rock, 27 April 1959, Stn SB 177, Prof. J. H. Day Description Largest specimen complete, 10.5 mm long, 2 mm wide, with 48 chaetigers. Cephalic cage consisting of 36 stout chaetae of first two chaetigers, measuring 4.5 mm. Body stout, cylindrical anteriorly (between anterior end and chaetiger 21), then tapering evenly to a distinct tail (Figure 9 A). Surface with numerous small papillae but elongated long papillae also present near conjunctions of segments (Figure 9 C). Cephalic hood with c. 30 branchial filaments in a single marginal row; with two small palps. Chaetiger 3 with notopodia having one capillary chaeta and neuropodia with two capillary chaetae. Chaetiger 4 with notopodia having one capillary chaeta and neuropodia with one simple hook. Hook brownish, sigmoid, larger in anterior part, single per parapodium (Figure 9 B); two hooks observed solely on chaetiger 10. Remarks Pherusa saldanha was described from South Africa. The Mediterranean specimens are very similar to the paratype of P. saldanha. However, the body surface of the paratype is more papillated than that of the Turkish specimens. The structure (long, elongated) of papillae is similar in the paratype and the Mediterranean specimens. It was also observed that the sizes and number of papillae on the body surfaces of specimens at station K 15 were variable. Distribution This species was only known from its type locality, Saldanha Bay, South Africa (Day 1967). It could have been introduced to the Mediterranean by ballast waters of ships from the Indian Ocean.	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C86AFFF38E019CA3FE2126FE.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined ESFM-POL / 05 - 325, 8 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, D 3, 36 ° 36 ′ 38 ″ N, 36 ° 10 ′ 51 ″ E, 25 m, mud, 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 05 - 680, 9 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, D 5, 36 ° 51 ′ 04 ″ N, 36 ° 03 ′ 30 ″ E, 11 m, pebbles, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 267, 9 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, G 2, 36 ° 43 ′ 19 ″ N, 36 ° 09 ′ 30 ″ E, 50 m, mud, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 239, 9 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, G 3, 36 ° 51 ′ 08 ″ N, 35 ° 55 ′ 42 ″ E, 25 m, mud, 9 specimens; ESFM-POL / 05 - 298, 10 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, D 14, 36 ° 32 ′ 51 ″ N, 35 ° 34 ′ 37 ″ E, 25 m, muddy sand, 20 specimens; ESFM-POL / 05 - 601, 10 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, D 11, 36 ° 46 ′ 00 ″ N, 35 ° 47 ′ 45 ″ E, 10 m, muddy sand, 14 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 11, 10 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, D 12, 36 ° 43 ′ 37 ″ N, 35 ° 42 ′ 44 ″ E, 9 m, muddy sand, 30 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 35, 10 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, D 15, 36 ° 31 ′ 56 ″ N, 35 ° 35 ′ 16 ″ E, 50 m, mud, 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 05 - 748, 10 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, D 19, 36 ° 21 ′ 15 ″ N, 35 ° 44 ′ 27 ″ E, 75 m, mud, 1 specimen; ESFM- POL / 2005 - 399, 10 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, G 5, 36 ° 43 ′ 44 ″ N, 35 ° 43 ′ 39 ″ E, 25 m, muddy sand, 75 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 501, 17 September 2005, Mersin Bay, G 7, 36 ° 46 ′ 41 ″ N, 34 ° 39 ′ 39 ″ E, 10 m, mud, 88 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 982, 22 September 2005, Anamur, D 27, 36 ° 04 ′ 28 ″ N, 32 ° 53 ′ 03 ″ E, 10 m, muddy sand, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1627, 27 September 2005, Antalya Bay, G 12, 36 ° 50 ′ 17 ″ N, 30 ° 36 ′ 31 ″ E, 10 m, mud, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2697, 27 September 2005, Antalya Bay, D 37, 36 ° 49 ′ 53 ″ N, 30 ° 37 ′ 08 ″ E, 25 m, muddy sand, 1 specimen; ESFM- POL / 2005 - 2053, 30 September 2005, Finike Bay, G 17, 36 ° 16 ′ 48 ″ N, 30 ° 10 ′ 20 ″ E, 50 m, mud, 1 specimen. Distribution This species was previously reported from the Indian Ocean and Mediterranean Sea (Cyprus) (Çinar 2005). The present study extends its distributional range to the northern part of the Levantine Sea. This species is considered to be a Lessepsian migrant (Çinar 2005).	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C869FFF28D719D3EFECF2613.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined ESFM-POL / 05 - 323, 8 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, D 3, 36 ° 36 ′ 38 ″ N, 36 ° 10 ′ 51 ″ E, 25 m, mud, 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 257, 9 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, G 2, 36 ° 43 ′ 19 ″ N, 36 ° 09 ′ 30 ″ E, 50 m, mud, 1 specimen; ESFM- POL / 05 - 702, 10 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, D 19, 36 ° 21 ′ 15 ″ N, 35 ° 44 ′ 27 ″ E, 75 m, mud, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 28, 10 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, D 15, 36 ° 31 ′ 56 ″ N, 35 ° 35 ′ 16 ″ E, 50 m, mud, 3 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 252, 10 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, G 4, 36 ° 44 ′ 09 ″ N, 35 ° 44 ′ 32 ″ E, 50 m, mud, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1382, 17 September 2005, Mersin Bay, G 8, 36 ° 44 ′ 22 ″ N, 34 ° 39 ′ 02 ″ E, 25 m, mud, 8 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 823, 17 September 2005, Mersin Bay, D 23, 36 ° 40 ′ 50 ″ N, 34 ° 35 ′ 12 ″ E, 50 m, mud, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 882, 23 September 2005, Anamur, D 28, 36 ° 03 ′ 37 ″ N, 32 ° 53 ′ 11 ″ E, 25 m, muddy sand with Udotea petiolata and Caulerpa prolifera, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1624, 27 September 2005, Antalya Bay, G 12, 36 ° 50 ′ 17 ″ N, 30 ° 36 ′ 31 ″ E, 10 m, mud, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2403, 29 September 2005, Antalya Bay, K 37, 3 m, Z. marina, 3 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1862, 30 September 2005, Finike Bay, G 18, 36 ° 16 ′ 31 ″ N, 30 ° 10 ′ 50 ″ E, 75 m, mud, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1515, 5 October 2005, Fethiye Bay, K 50, 5 m, muddy sand, 7 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1538, 6 October 2005, Fethiye Bay, G 28, 36 ° 37 ′ 48 ″ N, 29 ° 06 ′ 30 ″ E, 10 m, mud, 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1929, 6 October 2005, Fethiye By, G 30, 36 ° 39 ′ 24 ″ N, 29 ° 04 ′ 44 ″ E, 50 m, sandy mud, 5 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1956, 6 October 2005, Fethiye Bay, G 29, 36 ° 39 ′ 29 ″ N, 29 ° 06 ′ 02 ″ E, 25 m, sandy mud, 4 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2002, 6 October 2005, Fethiye Bay, G 31, 36 ° 38 ′ 56 ″ N, 29 ° 03 ′ 38 ″ E, 75 m, muddy sand, 4 specimens. Distribution This species is distributed from the Indian Ocean and Red Sea (Day 1957; Wehe and Fiege 2002). It was first found in the eastern (on Halophila stipulacea meadow near Crete Island) and western Mediterranean (on soft substrate near Marseille) by Harmelin (1968), and considered as a Lessepsian migrant. It is also known from the Aegean and Levantine coasts of Turkey (Önen 1983; Mutlu and Ergev 2008).	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C868FFF28EB49A7CFC2820F3.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined ESFM-POL / 05 - 727, 10 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, D 19, 36 ° 21 ′ 15 ″ N, 35 ° 44 ′ 27 ″ E, 75 m, mud, 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1923, 6 October 2005, Fethiye Bay, G 30, 36 ° 39 ′ 24 ″ N, 29 ° 04 ′ 44 ″ E 50 m, sandy mud, 2 specimens; ESFM- POL / 2005 - 1962, 6 October 2005, Fethiye Bay, G 29, 36 ° 39 ′ 29 ″ N, 29 ° 06 ′ 02 ″ E, 25 m, sandy mud, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1995, 6 October 2005, Fethiye Bay, G 31, 36 ° 38 ′ 56 ″ N, 29 ° 03 ′ 38 ″ E, 75 m, muddy sand, 2 specimens. Distribution This species was previously reported from the Pacific Ocean, Indian Ocean and Mediterranean Sea (Imajima and Shiraki 1982). In the Mediterranean, it was first reported from the Adriatic Sea by Fauvel (1940) and considered as a Lessepsian migrant. This species is new to the fauna of the Turkish Levantine coast.	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C868FFCD8EB19F5CFD102614.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined ESFM-POL / 2005 - 76, 9 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, D 4, 36 ° 43 ′ 32 ″ N, 36 ° 10 ′ 03 ″ E, 25 m, muddy sand, 7 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 265, 9 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, G 2, 36 ° 43 ′ 19 ″ N, 36 ° 09 ′ 30 ″ E, 50 m, mud, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 389, 15 September 2005, K 10, 36 ° 45 ′ 59 ″ N, 35 ° 47 ′ 18 ″ E, 5 m, sand, 3 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 878, 23 September 2005, Anamur, D 28, 36 ° 03 ′ 37 ″ N, 32 ° 53 ′ 11 ″ E, 25 m, muddy sand with Udotea petiolata and Caulerpa prolifera, 5 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1435, 26 September 2005, K 34, 5 m, sand, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1772, 30 September 2005, Finike Bay, G 15, 36 ° 17 ′ 34 ″ N, 30 ° 09 ′ 33 ″ E, 10 m, Z. marina, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2383, 3 October 2005, K 44, 36 ° 11 ′ 26 ″ N, 29 ° 50 ′ 51 ″ E, 3 m, Z. marina, 16 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1965, 6 October 2005, Finike Bay, G 14, 36 ° 17 ′ 46 ″ N, 30 ° 09 ′ 18 ″ E, 5 m, Z. marina, 2 specimens. Distribution This species was previously reported from the Indian Ocean and Mediterranean Sea (Day 1967; Cantone 1981), and considered as a Lessepsian migrant. It is also known from the coasts of Turkey (see Çinar et al. 2005).	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C857FFCC8E9C9A24FF10238B.taxon	description	(Figure 10)	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C857FFCC8E9C9A24FF10238B.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined ESFM-POL / 2005 - 481, 15 September 2005, K 10, 1 m, Sarcotragus sp., 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 582, 15 September 2005, K 10, 1 m, Sarcotragus sp., 47 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 488, 15 September 2005, K 11, 1 m, J. rubens, 1 specimen; ESFM- POL / 2005 - 746, 17 September 2005, K 13, 0.2 m, tyres, 3 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2347, 28 September 2005, K 36, 0.3 m, Cy. elegans, 62 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2297, 5 October 2005, K 50, 0.1 m, Cytoseira crinita, 3 specimens. Description Largest specimen incomplete, 44 mm long, 1.8 mm wide, with 54 chaetigers. Body brownish, widest mid-anteriorly, tapering posteriorly. Prostomium short, transversely grooved, directed ventrally. Buccal tentacles grooved. Eyespots arranged in narrow band across tentacular collar. Peristomium similar to chaetiger 1 dorsally, forming a crescent-shaped lower lip. Lateral lobes absent. Three pairs of branchiae on segments 2 – 4, consisting of simple filaments; 25 on segment 2, 24 on segment 3 and 20 on segment 4 (Figure 10 A). Medial gap between left and right side groups of filaments wider on segment 4. Notopodia from segment 2 to near pygidium, with winged capillaries (Figure 10 B). Neurochaetae from chaetiger 4, avicular, extending near pygidium; having a main fang with two rows of teeth above, two in first row and six in second row (MF: 2: 6) (Figure 10 C). Uncini arranged in single rows, longest mid-anteriorly, decreasing in length and forming C-shaped curves at chaetiger 16 to end of body (Figure 10 C). Midventral glandular pads extending to segment 19. Nephridial papillae absent. Pygidium (in complete specimens) without cirri, cylindrical, anus terminal. Distribution	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C855FFC98D6099BEFD802653.taxon	description	(Figure 11)	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C855FFC98D6099BEFD802653.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1329, 19 September 2005, K 17, 2 m, Sarcotragus sp., 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1325, 19 September 2005, K 19, 4 m, Halophila stipulacea, 3 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2337, 28 September 2005, K 36, 0.3 m, Cy. elegans, 11 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2766, 29 September 2005, K 37, 0.1 – 3 m, rocks, 3 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2233, 29 September 2005, K 37, 0.2 m, J. rubens, 3 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2418, 29 September 2005, K 37, 3 m, Z. marina, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2468, 29 September 2005, K 37, 0.2 m, Brachidontes pharaonis, 4 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1764, 30 September 2005, Finike Bay, G 15, 36 ° 17 ′ 34 ″ N, 30 ° 09 ′ 33 ″ E, 10 m, Z. marina, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2668, 3 October 2005, K 44, 0.1 m, Co. mediterranea, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2319, 3 October 2005, K 44, 0.1 m, Cy. elegans, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2389, 3 October 2005, K 44, 3 m, Z. marina, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1522, 5 October 2005, K 50, 5 m, muddy sand, 3 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2432, 7 October 2005, K 53, 3 m, Sarcotragus sp., 12 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2453, 7 October 2005, K 53, 3 m, Aplysina aerophoba, 25 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2277, 7 October 2005, K 53, 0.1 m, Cy. elegans, 8 specimens. Description Largest specimen complete 13 mm long, 1 mm wide, with 86 chaetigers. Body pale brownish in general (Figure 11 A), but specimens collected in Aplysina aerophoba dark brownish. Eye spots absent. Tentacular membrane anteriorly expanded to form large anteriorly directed lobe and laterally expanded as two large lobes with convoluted margins. Buccal tentacles of two types; thin, long, narrow grooved tentacles and thickened, small grooved ones (Figure 11 A). Ventral lower lip raised, forming a small globular structure. Thorax with 22 pairs of notopodia from segment 2. Notopodia long and elongated in anterior part, becoming smaller towards posterior part. Two types of notochaetae; pinnate and capillary chaetae (Figure 11 B). Pinnate chaetae numbering 10 – 12 per parapodia, measuring maximally 300 µm, with a long arista (12.5 µm long) (Figure 11 C). Capillary chaetae present in inferior part of notopodia, numbering 1 – 2 (observed on some parapodia), measuring 37.5 – 75 µm long. Neurochaetae from chaetiger 16 to pygidium placed on small erect globular structure; numbering c. 15 – 20 per parapodium; uncini large with an extended base, with one tooth above main fang, followed 6 – 10 minute denticles (dental formula MF: 1: 6 – 10); attached to torus by elongate tendons (Figure 11 D, E). Thoracic ventrum with raised ventral pads on segments 2 – 10, separated medially by deep midventral grooves. Nephridial papillae small rounded, on chaetigers 1 – 3. Remarks	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C855FFC98D6099BEFD802653.taxon	distribution	Distribution Polycirri twisti is only known from the Suez Canal and could have been introduced to the Mediterranean from this region.	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C853FFCB8EE29ABCFE8023B4.taxon	description	(Figure 12) Laonome triangularis Hutchings and Murray 1984: 106, fig. 32.5 – 9; Capa 2007: 547, Figs 4 C, D, 5. Material examined ESFM-POL / 2005 - 282, 9 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, G 1, 36 ° 35 ′ 37 ″ N, 36 ° 11 ′ 09 ″ E, 8 m, mud, 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 495, 17 September 2005, Mersin Bay, G 7, 36 ° 46 ′ 41 ″ N, 34 ° 39 ′ 39 ″ E, 10 m, mud, 110 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1392, 17 September 2005, Mersin Bay, G 11, 36 ° 45 ′ 47 ″ N, 34 ° 51 ′ 54 ″ E, 5 m, mud, 148 specimens. Description Largest specimen complete, pale brownish; total body 17.3 mm long, 1.3 mm wide (thorax), with eight thoracic and 52 abdominal chaetigers (Figure 12 A). Branchial crown 5.3 mm long, with 20 pairs of radioles, with four or five narrow transverse bands of dark brown pigmentation on inner radiole margins and adjacent one to three pairs of pinnules; radiole surface smooth; tip of radioles extending to form a long narrow filament; palmate membrane present, joining radioles proximally at about 1 / 10 of radiole length (Figure 12 A, C). Anterior peristomial ring not developed ventrally. Dorsal lips erect, lamellar, distally tapered; radiolar appendages present, with two rows of skeletal cells extending through most of length of appendage (Figure 12 G). Ventral lips about twothirds lengths of dorsal lips. Lateral collar margin entire, oblique, without incisions. Ventral collar margin distinctly higher than dorsal and lateral margins, as pair of broadly triangular lobes (Figure 12 B). Thin, white transverse ridge present at junction of posterior peristomial ring and chaetiger 1; complete except middorsally (Figure 12 B). Notochaetae on chaetiger 1 in two distinct groups; three superior elongate narrowly hooded, five inferior paleate. Notochaetae on chaetigers 2 – 8 with superior group of four elongate narrowly hooded chaetae and inferior group of 10 paleate chaetae; all paleate chaetae with hoods gradually narrowing distally to thin mucro. Neuropodial uncini on chaetigers 2 – 3 with main fang surmounted by three or four rows of teeth, one tooth per row, breast well developed, handles absent (Figure 12 E). Companion chaetae absent. Thoracic neuropodial tori longest on chaetiger 2, extending to near ventral midline. Anterior abdominal neuropodia each with two chaetal rows, anterior row with broadly hooded chaetae, posterior row with elongate, narrowly hooded chaetae; posterior neuropodia with single rows of elongate, narrowly hooded chaetae. Abdominal notopodial avicular uncini with a main fang surmounted by three rows of teeth, one tooth per row, occasionally two teeth on last row; breast well developed, handles absent (Figure 12 F). Posterior part of body including last 17 chaetigers with a depression (Figure 12 A). Pygidium triangular, without a terminal cirrus; anus mid-ventral, near anterior margin. Tubes large, muddy (Figure 12 D). Remarks This species differs from Laonome kroyeri Malmgren, 1865, which was previously reported from the Mediterranean, in having pigmentation on the branchial crown (absent in L. kroyeri), anal depression (absent in L. kroyeri) and triangular lobes in collar (thick and glandular in L. kroyeri). The other species that was cited under the genus Laonome in the Mediterraenean, L. salmacidis Claparède, 1870, was transferred to the genus Euratella (see Fauchald 1977). The Mediterranean specimens of L. triangularis coincide with its original and subsequent descriptions by Hutchings and Murray (1984) and Capa (2007). However, there are some slight differences between the distant populations. The Australian specimens described by Capa (2007) have thoracic uncini with three rows of teeth above main fang (three or four rows of teeth above main fang in Mediterranean specimens), abdominal uncini with four rows of teeth above fang (two or three rows of teeth above main fang in Mediterranean specimens) and seven transversal bands of dark brown pigmentation in radioles (four or five in Mediterranean specimens). Distribution This species was only reported from Australia on sandy mud at depths to 20 m, in salinities of 19 – 35 % (Hutchings and Murray 1984). As it was only found near harbours in I skenderun and Mersin Bays, this species could have been introduced to the area by ballast waters of ships. It is a euryhaline species that can easily adapt to a new environment.	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C850FFC48EEE99BEFF10268B.taxon	description	(Figure 13)	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C850FFC48EEE99BEFF10268B.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined ESFM-POL / 2005 - 285, 9 September 2005, I skenderun Bay, G 1, 36 ° 35 ′ 37 ″ N, 36 ° 11 ′ 09 ″ E, 8 m, mud, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 05 - 577, 11 September 2005, K 4, 0.5 m, ropes, 18 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 425, 13 September 2005, K 7, 1 m, Cystoseira sp., 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 05 - 539, 15 September 2005, K 10, 0 – 1 m, rocks, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 1128, 17 September 2005, K 13, 0.2 m, tyres, 3 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 584, 18 September 2005, K 15, 0.2 – 3, rocks, 8 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2324, 24 September 2005, K 30, 0.1 m, H. scoparia, 8 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2761, 29 September 2005, K 37, 0.1 – 3 m, rocks, 3 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2315, 3 October 2005, K 44, 0.1 m, Cy. elegans, 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2730, 7 October 2005, K 53, 0.1 m, Cy. elegans, 8 specimens. Additional material examined Branchiomma boholense ESFM-POL / 98 - 49, 13 July 1998, northern Cyprus, Girne Harbour, 0.2 m, Padina pavonica, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 98 - 48, 19 July 1998, northern Cyprus, Karpas Cape, 0.1 m, rocks, 1 specimen; ESFM-POL / 98 - 188, 21 July 1998, northern Cyprus, Malazgirt, 2 m, rocks, 1 specimen. Description Largest specimen complete, 33 mm long (crown 12 mm long, thorax – abdomen 21 mm long), 2 mm wide, with 63 chaetigers (thorax with eight chaetigers) (Figure 13 A). Tube leathery, covered by sands and algae. Body pale brownish with small dark brown spots over whole surface (especially anterior ventral part) (Figure 13 A). Crown with brown bands alternating pale brownish bands around radioles (Figure 13 A, B). Radiolar crown united at base by a short web, bearing 24 pairs of radioles with apinnate tips and stylodes. Basal stylode small, unpaired, digitiform. Macrostylodes strap-like, four or five times longer than other stylodes (Figure 13 A, B). Eyes small, compound, not present between last pair of stylodes and radiolar tip. Dorsal lips long, about half the length of radioles, tapering. Dorsal collar with free, wellseparated margins. Thorax with eight segments, with interramal dark spots. Ventral shields rectangular, anterior margin of first shield straight. Collar chaetae slender, weakly geniculate, arranged in compact fascicles. Thoracic notochaetae arranged in irregular oblique rows of superior and inferior chaetae; each superior chaeta slender, weakly geniculate, knee region wider than shaft; knee region of inferior chaetae twice as wide as shafts. Neurochaetae with avicular uncini; crest surmounted by two rows of teeth (Figure 13 C). Abdominal tori smaller than thoracic tori. Fascicles of abdominal chaetae forming compact tufts; outer geniculate chaetae arranged in C-shaped arcs. Abdominal uncini similar to those in thorax. Faecal groove passing around right side of body from last thoracic segment to second segment of ventral abdomen and onto bilobed pygidium. Remarks	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C850FFC48EEE99BEFF10268B.taxon	distribution	Distribution This species was previously known from the western Atlantic (from Bermuda to Caribbean Sea) and eastern Pacific Ocean (Pacific Panama and Mexico) (Tovar- Hernández et al. 2009). It is a new record for the Mediterranean Sea. It could have been introduced to the area on the hulls of ships. However, if it exists in the Red Sea (no record yet), its introduction to the area through the Suez Canal cannot be excluded.	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C85EFFC48EF09ACBFE8A20D4.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined ESFM-POL / 05 - 238, 9 September 2005, K 10 a, 0.1 – 0.3 m, port’s piling, 1 specimen. Distribution This species was known from the Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean (Bianchi 1981). It was previously reported from the western Mediterranean and Aegean Seas, and considered to have been introduced to the region via ships hull or ballast waters (see Bianchi 1981; Knight-Jones et al. 1991). It is new to the fauna of the Levantine Sea.	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C85EFFC68E019CE4FDCC21B6.taxon	description	(Figure 14)	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
03BF3042C85EFFC68E019CE4FDCC21B6.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined ESFM-POL / 2005 - 854, 23 September 2005, Anamur, D 28, 36 ° 03 ′ 37 ″ N, 32 ° 53 ′ 11 ″ E, 25 m, muddy sand with Udotea petiolata and Caulerpa prolifera, 1 specimen; ESFM- POL / 2005 - 1089, 23 September 2005, Anamur, D 29, 36 ° 01 ′ 17 ″ N, 32 ° 48 ′ 14 ″ E, 50 m, muddy sand with C. racemosa, 2 specimens; ESFM-POL / 2005 - 2547, 5 October 2005, Fethiye Bay, K 50, 6 m, P. oceanica, 4 specimens. Description Largest specimen complete, 3 mm long; thorax with operculum 1.5 mm long, abdomen 1.5 mm long (Figure 14 A). From a total of seven specimens, only three with brood chambers, others with juvenile operculum. Tube dextral, whitish, with three longitudinal ridges on top. Outer ridge with projecting blunt processes. Deep indentations between ridges and lateral side of tube (Figure 14 F). Tube with one whorl. Operculum in juveniles with a slightly concave plate having a bifid talon with calcified wings; bifid projections extending at base of stalk of operculum (Figure 14 B, C). Talon and wings present in brood chamber of mature worm, transparent (Figure 14 A). Chamber walls lightly calcified; eggs can be seen, c. 100 µm in diameter (Figure 14 A). Thorax with three chaetigers. Collar chaetae on convex side having large, simple blades with coarse teeth and faint cross-striations (Figure 14 D); those on concave side small blades with no cross-striations. Thoracic fascicles with seven or eight finely striated simple chaetae. Thoracic uncini with three or four longitudinal rows of teeth; with a triangular peg at anterior end (Figure 14 E). Asetigerous region about six times the length of anterior abdominal segments. Abdomen with 12 segments. Geniculate chaetae with a rather broad blade of small teeth. Uncini with five longitudinal rows of teeth and a broad fan at anterior end. Distribution This species was previously known from the Pacific Ocean, Indian Ocean and Red Sea (Vine 1972). It is new to the Mediterranean fauna and could have been introduced to the area from the Red Sea.	en	Çinar, Melih Ertan (2009): Alien polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) on the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with 13 new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38): 2283-2328, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903094654, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903094654
