taxonID	type	format	identifier	references	title	description	created	creator	contributor	publisher	audience	source	license	rightsHolder	datasetID
03B15315FFEEFFEEFF266B53FB34F06D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/13639328/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639328	FIGURE 3. Encephalartos ferox subsp. ferox. A. Plants in habitat at its northernmost distribution; associated with forest on coastal dunes, often in the shade of taller trees and shrubs. B. Mature microstrobilus C. Receptive megastrobili. D. Megastrobilus; rare yellow form.Scale bars = 50 mm. Vouchers: B = Rousseau 1046, C = Rousseau 1185. Photographs: P. Rousseau.	FIGURE 3. Encephalartos ferox subsp. ferox. A. Plants in habitat at its northernmost distribution; associated with forest on coastal dunes, often in the shade of taller trees and shrubs. B. Mature microstrobilus C. Receptive megastrobili. D. Megastrobilus; rare yellow form.Scale bars = 50 mm. Vouchers: B = Rousseau 1046, C = Rousseau 1185. Photographs: P. Rousseau.	2015-04-01	Rousseau, Philip;Vorster, Pieter J.;Afonso, Abilio V.;Van Wyk, Abraham E.		Zenodo	biologists	Rousseau, Philip;Vorster, Pieter J.;Afonso, Abilio V.;Van Wyk, Abraham E.			
03B15315FFEEFFEEFF266B53FB34F06D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/13639332/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639332	FIGURE 5. Encephalartos ferox: morphology of median leaflets. A. Subsp. ferox; from southernmost populations (= E. kosiensis). B. Subsp. ferox; from northernmost population. C. Subsp. emersus. Scale bar = 40 mm. Photographs: P. Rousseau (A), P.J. Vorster (B & C).	FIGURE 5. Encephalartos ferox: morphology of median leaflets. A. Subsp. ferox; from southernmost populations (= E. kosiensis). B. Subsp. ferox; from northernmost population. C. Subsp. emersus. Scale bar = 40 mm. Photographs: P. Rousseau (A), P.J. Vorster (B & C).	2015-04-01	Rousseau, Philip;Vorster, Pieter J.;Afonso, Abilio V.;Van Wyk, Abraham E.		Zenodo	biologists	Rousseau, Philip;Vorster, Pieter J.;Afonso, Abilio V.;Van Wyk, Abraham E.			
03B15315FFEEFFEEFF266B53FB34F06D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/13639336/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639336	FIGURE 7. Encephalartos ferox: megasporophyll detail. A. Subsp. emersus; transverse section of megastrobilus with green internal tissue. B. Subsp. emersus; median megasporophyll outer surface detail. C. Subsp. ferox; transverse section of megastrobilus with red internal tissue. D. Subsp. ferox; median megasporophyll outer surface detail. Scale bars: A & C = 30 mm, B = 20 mm. Vouchers: A = Rousseau & Man 39, B = Rousseau 1252, C = Rousseau 1183B. Photographs: P. Rousseau.	FIGURE 7. Encephalartos ferox: megasporophyll detail. A. Subsp. emersus; transverse section of megastrobilus with green internal tissue. B. Subsp. emersus; median megasporophyll outer surface detail. C. Subsp. ferox; transverse section of megastrobilus with red internal tissue. D. Subsp. ferox; median megasporophyll outer surface detail. Scale bars: A & C = 30 mm, B = 20 mm. Vouchers: A = Rousseau & Man 39, B = Rousseau 1252, C = Rousseau 1183B. Photographs: P. Rousseau.	2015-04-01	Rousseau, Philip;Vorster, Pieter J.;Afonso, Abilio V.;Van Wyk, Abraham E.		Zenodo	biologists	Rousseau, Philip;Vorster, Pieter J.;Afonso, Abilio V.;Van Wyk, Abraham E.			
03B15315FFE0FFEDFF266CFCFBC7F6B1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/13639330/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639330	FIGURE 4. Encephalartos ferox subsp. emersus: female plant from which the herbarium material designated as type (Rousseau 1175) has been collected. A. Emergent plant habit; the distinctive trunk is ca. 1.5 m high. B. Megastrobilus; showing macromorphology. Scale bar = 60 mm. Photographs: P. Rousseau.	FIGURE 4. Encephalartos ferox subsp. emersus: female plant from which the herbarium material designated as type (Rousseau 1175) has been collected. A. Emergent plant habit; the distinctive trunk is ca. 1.5 m high. B. Megastrobilus; showing macromorphology. Scale bar = 60 mm. Photographs: P. Rousseau.	2015-04-01	Rousseau, Philip;Vorster, Pieter J.;Afonso, Abilio V.;Van Wyk, Abraham E.		Zenodo	biologists	Rousseau, Philip;Vorster, Pieter J.;Afonso, Abilio V.;Van Wyk, Abraham E.			
03B15315FFE0FFEDFF266CFCFBC7F6B1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/13639332/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639332	FIGURE 5. Encephalartos ferox: morphology of median leaflets. A. Subsp. ferox; from southernmost populations (= E. kosiensis). B. Subsp. ferox; from northernmost population. C. Subsp. emersus. Scale bar = 40 mm. Photographs: P. Rousseau (A), P.J. Vorster (B & C).	FIGURE 5. Encephalartos ferox: morphology of median leaflets. A. Subsp. ferox; from southernmost populations (= E. kosiensis). B. Subsp. ferox; from northernmost population. C. Subsp. emersus. Scale bar = 40 mm. Photographs: P. Rousseau (A), P.J. Vorster (B & C).	2015-04-01	Rousseau, Philip;Vorster, Pieter J.;Afonso, Abilio V.;Van Wyk, Abraham E.		Zenodo	biologists	Rousseau, Philip;Vorster, Pieter J.;Afonso, Abilio V.;Van Wyk, Abraham E.			
03B15315FFE0FFEDFF266CFCFBC7F6B1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/13639334/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639334	FIGURE 6. Encephalartos ferox subsp.emersus: variation in cone macromophology.A. Prevalent yellow microstrobilus, note successional maturation. B. Uncommon orange microstrobilus. C. Microsporophyll detail. D. Only instance of multiple megastrobili recorded. E. Prevalent yellow megastrobilus. F. Rare red megastrobilus. Scale bars: A = 80 mm, B & C = 10 mm, D = 40 mm, E = 90 mm, F = 100 mm. Vouchers: B = Rousseau & Mann 50, C = Rousseau 1130, D = Rousseau & Mann 39, E = Rousseau 1252, F = Rousseau 1250. Photographs: P. Rousseau (A–D), P.J. Vorster (E & F).	FIGURE 6. Encephalartos ferox subsp.emersus: variation in cone macromophology.A. Prevalent yellow microstrobilus, note successional maturation. B. Uncommon orange microstrobilus. C. Microsporophyll detail. D. Only instance of multiple megastrobili recorded. E. Prevalent yellow megastrobilus. F. Rare red megastrobilus. Scale bars: A = 80 mm, B & C = 10 mm, D = 40 mm, E = 90 mm, F = 100 mm. Vouchers: B = Rousseau & Mann 50, C = Rousseau 1130, D = Rousseau & Mann 39, E = Rousseau 1252, F = Rousseau 1250. Photographs: P. Rousseau (A–D), P.J. Vorster (E & F).	2015-04-01	Rousseau, Philip;Vorster, Pieter J.;Afonso, Abilio V.;Van Wyk, Abraham E.		Zenodo	biologists	Rousseau, Philip;Vorster, Pieter J.;Afonso, Abilio V.;Van Wyk, Abraham E.			
03B15315FFE0FFEDFF266CFCFBC7F6B1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/13639336/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639336	FIGURE 7. Encephalartos ferox: megasporophyll detail. A. Subsp. emersus; transverse section of megastrobilus with green internal tissue. B. Subsp. emersus; median megasporophyll outer surface detail. C. Subsp. ferox; transverse section of megastrobilus with red internal tissue. D. Subsp. ferox; median megasporophyll outer surface detail. Scale bars: A & C = 30 mm, B = 20 mm. Vouchers: A = Rousseau & Man 39, B = Rousseau 1252, C = Rousseau 1183B. Photographs: P. Rousseau.	FIGURE 7. Encephalartos ferox: megasporophyll detail. A. Subsp. emersus; transverse section of megastrobilus with green internal tissue. B. Subsp. emersus; median megasporophyll outer surface detail. C. Subsp. ferox; transverse section of megastrobilus with red internal tissue. D. Subsp. ferox; median megasporophyll outer surface detail. Scale bars: A & C = 30 mm, B = 20 mm. Vouchers: A = Rousseau & Man 39, B = Rousseau 1252, C = Rousseau 1183B. Photographs: P. Rousseau.	2015-04-01	Rousseau, Philip;Vorster, Pieter J.;Afonso, Abilio V.;Van Wyk, Abraham E.		Zenodo	biologists	Rousseau, Philip;Vorster, Pieter J.;Afonso, Abilio V.;Van Wyk, Abraham E.			
03B15315FFE0FFEDFF266CFCFBC7F6B1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/13639338/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639338	FIGURE 8. Encephalartos ferox subsp. emersus: vegetative morphology. A. Leaf; proximal portion. B. Leaf; median portion. C. Leaf; distal portion. D. Median leaflet; abaxial surface, showing distinct parallel venation. E. Cataphylls; adaxial (left) and abaxial (right) views. Scale bar = 40 mm. Voucher: Rousseau 1175. Artist: Lesley Deysel.	FIGURE 8. Encephalartos ferox subsp. emersus: vegetative morphology. A. Leaf; proximal portion. B. Leaf; median portion. C. Leaf; distal portion. D. Median leaflet; abaxial surface, showing distinct parallel venation. E. Cataphylls; adaxial (left) and abaxial (right) views. Scale bar = 40 mm. Voucher: Rousseau 1175. Artist: Lesley Deysel.	2015-04-01	Rousseau, Philip;Vorster, Pieter J.;Afonso, Abilio V.;Van Wyk, Abraham E.		Zenodo	biologists	Rousseau, Philip;Vorster, Pieter J.;Afonso, Abilio V.;Van Wyk, Abraham E.			
03B15315FFE0FFEDFF266CFCFBC7F6B1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/13639340/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639340	FIGURE 9. Encephalartos ferox subsp. emersus: reproductive morphology. A. Partial microstrobilus and peduncle; note basal reduced and sterile microsporophylls. B. Microsporophyll; adaxial view. C. Microsporophyll; abaxial view. D. Microsporophyll; distal (front) view. E. Megasporophyll with ovules; abaxial view. F. Megasporophyll with ovules; adaxial view. G. Megasporophyll; distal (front) view. H. Seed kernel with sarcotesta removed. I. Seedling leaf. Scale bar = 20 mm. Voucher: Rousseau 1175. Artist: Lesley Deysel.	FIGURE 9. Encephalartos ferox subsp. emersus: reproductive morphology. A. Partial microstrobilus and peduncle; note basal reduced and sterile microsporophylls. B. Microsporophyll; adaxial view. C. Microsporophyll; abaxial view. D. Microsporophyll; distal (front) view. E. Megasporophyll with ovules; abaxial view. F. Megasporophyll with ovules; adaxial view. G. Megasporophyll; distal (front) view. H. Seed kernel with sarcotesta removed. I. Seedling leaf. Scale bar = 20 mm. Voucher: Rousseau 1175. Artist: Lesley Deysel.	2015-04-01	Rousseau, Philip;Vorster, Pieter J.;Afonso, Abilio V.;Van Wyk, Abraham E.		Zenodo	biologists	Rousseau, Philip;Vorster, Pieter J.;Afonso, Abilio V.;Van Wyk, Abraham E.			
03B15315FFE0FFEDFF266CFCFBC7F6B1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/13639324/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13639324	FIGURE 2. Encephalartos ferox subsp. emersus: habitat. A. Plants of subsp. emersus (in foreground) growing among the palm, Phoenix reclinata, on a raised mound (ancient termitarium); note surrounding low-lying floodplain with scattered raised mounds covered by woody vegetation. B. Floodplain with circular mounds covered by Phoenix reclinata and other woody plants, including our cycad. The permanently high water table is reflected by ponds (foreground) scattered throughout the area. Photographs: P. Rousseau (A), P.J. Vorster (B).	FIGURE 2. Encephalartos ferox subsp. emersus: habitat. A. Plants of subsp. emersus (in foreground) growing among the palm, Phoenix reclinata, on a raised mound (ancient termitarium); note surrounding low-lying floodplain with scattered raised mounds covered by woody vegetation. B. Floodplain with circular mounds covered by Phoenix reclinata and other woody plants, including our cycad. The permanently high water table is reflected by ponds (foreground) scattered throughout the area. Photographs: P. Rousseau (A), P.J. Vorster (B).	2015-04-01	Rousseau, Philip;Vorster, Pieter J.;Afonso, Abilio V.;Van Wyk, Abraham E.		Zenodo	biologists	Rousseau, Philip;Vorster, Pieter J.;Afonso, Abilio V.;Van Wyk, Abraham E.			
