taxonID	type	description	language	source
03B18A45FFE61356F4B85159FD3EFB9C.taxon	description	? offset = # page = 242 & viewer = picture & o = bookmark & n = 0 & q =). Protologue citation: — “ Habitat à la Serane, à Lamalou, à l’Espinouse ”. Nomenclatural notes: — According to Art. 41.4 of the ICN, the name Scorzonera hirsuta L. should be interpreted as a new combination based on Tragopogon hirsutus Gouan.	en	Bartolucci, Fabrizio, Galasso, Gabriele, Conti, Fabio (2020): Nomenclatural novelties and typification of names in Scorzonera sensu lato (Asteraceae, Cichorieae) for the Italian vascular flora. Phytotaxa 437 (5): 279-290, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.437.5.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.437.5.2
03B18A45FFE61356F4B8573CFEFAF8CF.taxon	materials_examined	Type (lectotype, designated here): — [ICON] pl. 46 fig. 952 in Scopoli (1771, image available at https: // bibdigital. rjb. csic. es / viewer / 10348 /? offset = # page = 112 & viewer = picture & o = bookmark & n = 0 & q =). Epitype (designated here): — ITALY. Pesek (San Dorligo della Valle), presso Trieste (WGS 84 45 ° 37 ’ 47 ” N, 13 ° 53 ’ 41 ” E), 420 m, pascoli sassosi, 31 May 2001, F. Conti, L. Gubellini s. n. (APP No. 47338!, Fig. 1; isoepitype APP No. 47339!). Protologue citation: — “ Habitat in Tergestina Ditione ” Nomenclatural notes: — Giovanni Antonio Scopoli (1723 – 1788) described Scorzonera villosa in the 2 nd edition of Flora Carniolica (Scopoli 1771) [unlike what was reported by Stafleu & Cowan (1985), both the first and second volume of the 2 nd edition of Flora Carniolica were published in 1771 (Soldano 1989)] providing a short diagnosis, a morphological description, an illustration (pl. 46 fig. 952), and quoting the type locality “ Habitat in Tergestina Ditione ”, which corresponds to the territory surrounding the city of Trieste (NE-Italy). According to Stafleu & Cowan (1985), the Scopoli’s collections are kept in the following herbaria: LINN (a set received by Carl Linnaeus), C (through Martin Henrichsen Vahl), UPS (in the herbarium of Carl Peter Thunberg), B (some material in the general herbarium, mainly destroyed), MPU (through Philippe Picot de Lapeyrouse), and PAV (in the herbarium of Giuseppe Moretti, whose material was destroyed during World War II). We were not able to trace any specimen belonging to original material (Art. 9.4 of the ICN) in these herbaria. The illustration published by Scopoli as part of the protologue is selected here as the lectotype. In this plate, the morphological diagnostic features of involucre, cypselae, and pappus are ambiguous, and it seems appropriate to select an epitype in support of the designated lectotype (Art. 9.9 of the ICN) in order to allow a clear application of the name. We designated a specimen collected in the type locality and kept in APP as epitype.	en	Bartolucci, Fabrizio, Galasso, Gabriele, Conti, Fabio (2020): Nomenclatural novelties and typification of names in Scorzonera sensu lato (Asteraceae, Cichorieae) for the Italian vascular flora. Phytotaxa 437 (5): 279-290, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.437.5.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.437.5.2
03B18A45FFE61353F4B85403FC2CFD7A.taxon	materials_examined	Type (lectotype, designated here): — ITALY. Scorzonera columnae, Sicilia - Puglia [in Gussone’s handwriting], Bert. Fl. Ital. 8 p. 360 n. 4 / dedit Gussone 1824 [Bertoloni’s handwriting] (BOLO, individual on the right-hand; Fig. 2). Protologue citation: — “ Sicilia ”. Nomenclatural notes: — Giovanni Gussone (1825) described Scorzonera columnae as native to Sicily, providing only a brief diagnosis “ Diff. a S. hirsuta, cui caeterum similis, seminibus glabris, spinulus sursus versi, asperis ”. He cited no precise localities. One year later, Gussone (1826) provided a detailed description of this species and quoted some localities in southern Italy: “ In collibus aridis cum S. hirsuta provenit [corresponding to: “ In collibus aridis Calabriae orientalis, Lucaniae, Japygiae, Peucetiae ”], simulque floret ac fructificat ”. In NAP, where Gussone’s main collection is kept (Stafleu & Cowan 1976), we traced some specimens collected by that author in Sicily, but since they are undated, they are not unmistakably part of the original material, and thus unsuitable for lectotypification purposes. In the herbarium of Antonio Bertoloni (1775 – 1868), kept in BOLO, we found a single herbarium specimen (with two individuals and two labels), sent by Gussone to Bertoloni. The right-hand label (linked with the individual on the right, Fig. 2) reports the name “ Scorzonera columnae Guss. ” in Gussone’s handwriting, and the locality “ Sicilia-Puglia ”. On the same label, Bertoloni added the year in which he received the specimen: 1824 (“ dedit Gussone 1824 ”). The lefthand label (linked with the individual on the left, Fig. 2) reports the name “ Scorzonera columnae Guss. ” in Gussone’s handwriting, and the locality “ Tavolierie di Puglia ”. On the same label, Bertoloni added “ misit Gussone ” without a date. Accordingly, Bertoloni (1852) quoted the following localities: “ Habui ex Apulia al Tavoliere, et ex Sicilia ab Eq. Gussonio. Floret Aprili, Majo ” for S. columnae. The right-hand individual of the herbarium specimen kept in BOLO, collected by Gussone reasonably in Sicily, showing the date 1824 (predating the publication of the species) is selected here as the lectotype for the name S. columnae (Arts. 9.3 and 9.4 of the ICN).	en	Bartolucci, Fabrizio, Galasso, Gabriele, Conti, Fabio (2020): Nomenclatural novelties and typification of names in Scorzonera sensu lato (Asteraceae, Cichorieae) for the Italian vascular flora. Phytotaxa 437 (5): 279-290, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.437.5.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.437.5.2
03B18A45FFE31353F4B85017FBA8F866.taxon	materials_examined	Type (lectotype designated by Díaz de la Guardia & Blanca 1987: 302): — Herb. Linn. No. 947.3 (LINN!, image available at http: // linnean-online. org / 9563 /). Protologue citation: — “ Habitat in Hispania, Sibiria ”. Pseudopodospermum hispanicum (L.) Zaika, Sukhor. & N. Kilian subsp. asphodeloides (Wallr.) Bartolucci, Galasso & Conti, comb. nov. ≡ Scorzonera hispanica L. var. asphodeloides Wallroth (1815: 95) ≡ Scorzonera hispanica L. subsp. asphodeloides (Wallr.) Arcangeli (1882: 421) Type: — not designated. Protologue citation: — “ Tres has varietates in eodem loco, in dumetis sylvaticis collinis ad Schmon et Lodersleben legi, ubi jam a Buxbaumio indicatur. Transitus vero optimi in similibus loci in colle feracissimo Bibraënsi obvii sunt. Iun. Iul. ”. Pseudopodospermum hispanicum (L.) Zaika, Sukhor. & N. Kilian subsp. neapolitanum (Grande) Bartolucci, Galasso & F. Conti, comb. nov. ≡ Scorzonera neapolitana Grande (1920: 239) ≡ Scorzonera hispanica L. subsp. neapolitana (Grande) Greuter (2003: 236) – Scorzonera trachysperma sensu Gussone (after 4 June 1826: 319), non Günther ex Sprengel (January – March 1826: 666) Type (lectotype, designated here): — ITALY. Calabria sotto Cassano, May 1824, [Gussone] (NAP!, Fig. 3). Protologue citation: — “ Calabriae orientalis: Capo Bruzzano, Capo Colonna, Crotone, var. c [var. undulata], Cassano, Lauropoli, Amendolara ”.	en	Bartolucci, Fabrizio, Galasso, Gabriele, Conti, Fabio (2020): Nomenclatural novelties and typification of names in Scorzonera sensu lato (Asteraceae, Cichorieae) for the Italian vascular flora. Phytotaxa 437 (5): 279-290, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.437.5.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.437.5.2
03B18A45FFE31353F4B85017FBA8F866.taxon	materials_examined	Type (lectotype, designated here): — ITALY. Calabria sotto Cassano, May 1824, [Gussone] (NAP!, Fig. 3). Protologue citation: — “ Cassano, Lauropoli, Amendolara ”. Nomenclatural notes: — Gussone (1826) doubtfully referred the plants from Calabria to S. trachysperma (“ S. trachysperma Günth.? ”, “ Günth. ex Spr. s. veg. 3. p. 666 ”), providing a detailed description and describing two varieties, b. pubescens and c. undulata. Scorzonera neapolitana Grande (1920) was published as intended replacement name for S. trachysperma sensu Guss., non Günther ex Spreng. but, according to Art. 41 Note 3 of the ICN, it is a new species validated by Gussone’s description of the taxon to which he misapplied the name S. trachysperma. According to Art. 7.8 of the ICN, S. neapolitana is here typified by an element selected from the entire context of Gussone’s description. The specimen here selected as the lectotype of S. neapolitana Grande is the same here selected for S. trachysperma var. undulata Guss., so that these names become homotypic synonyms after typification.	en	Bartolucci, Fabrizio, Galasso, Gabriele, Conti, Fabio (2020): Nomenclatural novelties and typification of names in Scorzonera sensu lato (Asteraceae, Cichorieae) for the Italian vascular flora. Phytotaxa 437 (5): 279-290, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.437.5.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.437.5.2
03B18A45FFE01350F4B853E7FF09FC0A.taxon	materials_examined	Type (lectotype, designated here): — ‘ Scorzonera deliciosa, Sicilia meridionale’ [in Gussone’s handwriting], ‘ Bert. Fl. Ital. 8 p. 368 n. 11 / dedit Gussone 1824 ’ [Bertoloni’s handwriting] (BOLO, Fig. 4). Protologue citation: — “ Sicilia ”. Nomenclatural notes: — Gussone (1825) described Scorzonera deliciosa as native to Sicily, providing a detailed description “ S. undulatae, purpureae et tuberosae affinis; at radice tuberosa oblungo-cylindracea, caule semplici vel basi tantum ramoso, foliis basi farinoso-tomentosis, squamis calycinis imbricatis, glaberrimis acutis, ab illis diversa. Corolla purpurea ”. He cited no exact localities. Later, Gussone (1843 – 1844) listed several localities from Sicily in which he collected S. deliciosa: “ In collibus apricis calcareis; Val di Mazzara, Val di Noto, Catania, Bronte, Misterbianco, Castrogiovanni, Villarosa, Gallavuluro, Polizzi: varietatem flore albo prope Alcamo et Chiaramonte vidi; sed rara. ”. In NAP, where Gussone’s main collection is kept (Stafleu & Cowan 1976), we traced some specimens collected by that author in Sicily, but since they are undated, they are not unmistakably part of the original material, and thus unsuitable for lectotypification purposes. In the herbarium of Antonio Bertoloni, kept in BOLO, we found a single herbarium specimen sent by Gussone to Bertoloni. The label reports the species name “ Scorzonera deliciosa ” in Gussone’s handwriting, and the locality “ Sicilia meridionale ”. On the same label, Bertoloni added the year in which he received the specimen: 1824 (“ dedit Gussone 1824 ”). This herbarium specimen is complete, well conserved and in agreement with the protologue and is selected here as lectotype for the name S. deliciosa (Arts. 9.3 and 9.4 of the ICN).	en	Bartolucci, Fabrizio, Galasso, Gabriele, Conti, Fabio (2020): Nomenclatural novelties and typification of names in Scorzonera sensu lato (Asteraceae, Cichorieae) for the Italian vascular flora. Phytotaxa 437 (5): 279-290, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.437.5.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.437.5.2
03B18A45FFE01350F4B85087FD45FB01.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — not designated. Protologue citation: — “ Cette plant a été trouvé par M. Ramond dans le Pyrénées, sur le vallons herbeux qui descendent de la cime du pic d’Ereslids, à la hauter de 1800 à 2,000 mètres. ”	en	Bartolucci, Fabrizio, Galasso, Gabriele, Conti, Fabio (2020): Nomenclatural novelties and typification of names in Scorzonera sensu lato (Asteraceae, Cichorieae) for the Italian vascular flora. Phytotaxa 437 (5): 279-290, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.437.5.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.437.5.2
03B18A45FFE01350F4B857CBFE79FABA.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — not designated. Protologue citation: — “ In collibus aridis prope Baku; in campis altiorum montium Talüsch (alt. 1000 hexap.), imo in regione Caucasi alpina (alt. 1500 hexap.) ”.	en	Bartolucci, Fabrizio, Galasso, Gabriele, Conti, Fabio (2020): Nomenclatural novelties and typification of names in Scorzonera sensu lato (Asteraceae, Cichorieae) for the Italian vascular flora. Phytotaxa 437 (5): 279-290, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.437.5.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.437.5.2
03B18A45FFE01350F4B8561FFA45F9FE.taxon	materials_examined	Type (lectotype designated by Díaz de la Guardia & Blanca 1987: 291): — Herb. Linn. No. 947.2 (LINN!, image available at http: // linnean-online. org / 9562 /). Protologue citation: — “ Habitat in Europae septentrionalis pratis apricis ”.	en	Bartolucci, Fabrizio, Galasso, Gabriele, Conti, Fabio (2020): Nomenclatural novelties and typification of names in Scorzonera sensu lato (Asteraceae, Cichorieae) for the Italian vascular flora. Phytotaxa 437 (5): 279-290, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.437.5.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.437.5.2
03B18A45FFE01350F4B8561FFA45F9FE.taxon	materials_examined	Type (lectotype designated by Alavi 1983: 363): — Herb. Linn. No. 947.8 (LINN!, image available at http: // linnean-online. org / 9568 /)	en	Bartolucci, Fabrizio, Galasso, Gabriele, Conti, Fabio (2020): Nomenclatural novelties and typification of names in Scorzonera sensu lato (Asteraceae, Cichorieae) for the Italian vascular flora. Phytotaxa 437 (5): 279-290, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.437.5.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.437.5.2
03B18A45FFE01350F4B855D3FEDCF8FA.taxon	description	Greuter & Raab-Straube (2006: 715)	en	Bartolucci, Fabrizio, Galasso, Gabriele, Conti, Fabio (2020): Nomenclatural novelties and typification of names in Scorzonera sensu lato (Asteraceae, Cichorieae) for the Italian vascular flora. Phytotaxa 437 (5): 279-290, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.437.5.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.437.5.2
03B18A45FFE01350F4B855D3FEDCF8FA.taxon	materials_examined	Type (lectotype, designated here): — ITALY. Calabria da Cotrone a Capo Colonna, 14 May 1824, [Gussone] (NAP! Fig. 5). Protologue citation: — “ In collibus, et campis argillosis maritimis Calabriae orientalis; Melito, Cassano, Cotrone, Amendolara; Japygiae; Brindisi ”.	en	Bartolucci, Fabrizio, Galasso, Gabriele, Conti, Fabio (2020): Nomenclatural novelties and typification of names in Scorzonera sensu lato (Asteraceae, Cichorieae) for the Italian vascular flora. Phytotaxa 437 (5): 279-290, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.437.5.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.437.5.2
03B18A45FFE0135EF4B854DFFEEBFEE9.taxon	materials_examined	Type (lectotype designated by Díaz de la Guardia & Blanca 1997: 759): — [ICON!] pl. 2 (Gmelin 1752) Protologue citation: — “ Habitat in Marchia Brandeburgica, Sibiria ”. Scorzonera rosea Waldstein & Kitaibel (1803 – ­ 1805: 127, pl. 121) ≡ Podospermum roseum (Waldst. & Kit.) Gemeinholzer & Greuter in Greuter & Raab-Straube (2006: 715) Type: — not designated. Protologue citation: — “ Habitat in graminosis alpium Hungariae, Transylvaniae, & Cratiae: velut in Petrosa, Trojaga, & Pop-Iván alpibus Marmarosiensibus; in Rosály alpe Szthmariensi; in Guttin alpe Transylvanica; & in Velebich catena alpium Croatiam a Dalmatia dirimente. ”	en	Bartolucci, Fabrizio, Galasso, Gabriele, Conti, Fabio (2020): Nomenclatural novelties and typification of names in Scorzonera sensu lato (Asteraceae, Cichorieae) for the Italian vascular flora. Phytotaxa 437 (5): 279-290, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.437.5.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.437.5.2
03B18A45FFEE135EF4B852E0FC4EFDE5.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — not designated. Protologue citation: — “ Habitat in collibus et pratis apricis Austriae, Helvetiae ”.	en	Bartolucci, Fabrizio, Galasso, Gabriele, Conti, Fabio (2020): Nomenclatural novelties and typification of names in Scorzonera sensu lato (Asteraceae, Cichorieae) for the Italian vascular flora. Phytotaxa 437 (5): 279-290, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.437.5.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.437.5.2
