taxonID	type	description	language	source
03B039019221AE2288E7F980714B2854.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Syspira tigrina Simon, 1895; description of the female from Mexico (Simon, 1895: 135).	en	Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro, Jiménez, Maria Luisa, Palacios-Cardiel, Carlos (2025): On the sympatric spiders from the Baja California Peninsula: Descriptions of the males of Syspira longipes Simon and S. tigrina Simon (Araneae: Miturgidae), with new synonyms. Zootaxa 5722 (3): 301-325, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5722.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5722.3.1
03B039019221AE2288E7F980714B2854.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. See Sánchez-Ruiz et al. (2020: 414) for a complete diagnosis of the genus. Composition. Thirteen species with the synonymy of Syspira synthetica Chamberlin, 1924 syn. nov. (= S. tigrina), S. analytica Chamberlin, 1924 syn. nov. (= S. tigrina) (USA, Mexico), and S. eclectica Chamberlin, 1924 syn. nov. (= S. longipes) (USA, Mexico): Syspira agujas Brescovit, Sánchez-Ruiz & Bonaldo, 2018 (Dominican Rep.); S. alayoni Sánchez-Ruiz, Santos, Brescovit & Bonaldo, 2020 (Dominican Rep.); S. armasi Sánchez-Ruiz, Santos, Brescovit & Bonaldo, 2020 (Dominican Rep.); S. bryantae Sánchez-Ruiz, Santos, Brescovit & Bonaldo, 2020 (Dominican Rep.); S. cimitarra Brescovit, Sánchez-Ruiz & Bonaldo, 2018 (Dominican Rep.); S. jimmyi Brescovit, Sánchez-Ruiz & Bonaldo, 2018 (Dominican Rep.); S. longipes Simon, 1895 (Mexico); S. medialuna Brescovit, Sánchez-Ruiz & Bonaldo, 2018 (Dominican Rep.); S. monticola (Bryant, 1948) (Dominican Rep.); S. pallida Banks, 1904 (USA); and S. tigrina Simon, 1895 (Mexico).	en	Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro, Jiménez, Maria Luisa, Palacios-Cardiel, Carlos (2025): On the sympatric spiders from the Baja California Peninsula: Descriptions of the males of Syspira longipes Simon and S. tigrina Simon (Araneae: Miturgidae), with new synonyms. Zootaxa 5722 (3): 301-325, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5722.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5722.3.1
03B039019221AE2288E7F980714B2854.taxon	distribution	Distribution. USA, Mexico, and Dominican Republic.	en	Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro, Jiménez, Maria Luisa, Palacios-Cardiel, Carlos (2025): On the sympatric spiders from the Baja California Peninsula: Descriptions of the males of Syspira longipes Simon and S. tigrina Simon (Araneae: Miturgidae), with new synonyms. Zootaxa 5722 (3): 301-325, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5722.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5722.3.1
03B039019222AE2A88E7FE4973A12A48.taxon	description	Figs 1 ‒ 30, 65, 66, 75	en	Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro, Jiménez, Maria Luisa, Palacios-Cardiel, Carlos (2025): On the sympatric spiders from the Baja California Peninsula: Descriptions of the males of Syspira longipes Simon and S. tigrina Simon (Araneae: Miturgidae), with new synonyms. Zootaxa 5722 (3): 301-325, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5722.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5722.3.1
03B039019222AE2A88E7FE4973A12A48.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. MEXICO: Baja California Peninsula: Female holotype presumed lost. Material examined. MEXICO: Baja California Sur, La Paz, Rancho Ancón (24.0080 - 110.0980, 667 m), 28. IX. 2023, transition from thorny scrub to low deciduous forest, C. Palacios, A. Valdez & J. Rojas, leg. 1 ♀ (CARCIB-Ar- 5634). Rancho Ancón (24.0065 - 110.0999, 659 m), 31. III. 2023, transition from thorny scrub to low deciduous forest, C. Palacios, D. Chamé & J. Rojas, leg. 1 ♂. (CARCIB-Ar- 5635). Comondú, Carambuche-San Isidro (26.237, - 112.0022, 146 m), 30 V. 2010, xeric vegetation, C. Palacios, leg. 1 ♂ (CARCIB-Ar- 5636). Las Playitas (23.9855, - 110.1872, 399 m), 18. VI. 2010, xeric shrub, C. Palacios leg s 1 ♀ (CARCIB-Ar- 5637). El Comitán, Reserva Laura Arriaga (24.13335, - 110.4296, 8 m), 24. VI. 2006, sarcocaule shrub, pitfall traps, G. Nieto-Castañeda leg. 1 ♀ (CARCIB-Ar- 5638). El Comitán, same data, 14. IV. 2005, pitfall traps, G. Nieto-Castañeda leg. 1 ♂ (CARCIB-Ar- 5641). La Presa Buena Mujer (24.0806, - 110.1905, 335 m), 15. IV. 2005, sarcocaule shrub, pitfall traps, G. Nieto & C. Palacios, leg., 1 ♂ (CARCIB-Ar- 5639). Santa Rita, 20 km to the west (24.6574, - 111.6746, 3 m), 30. I. 2013, sarcocaule scrub, pitfall traps, I. Camargo leg., 1 ♂ (CARCIB-Ar- 5640). Mulegé, Rancho El Sauzal, km 14 a San Ignacio (27.1745 - 112.8689, 148 m), 21. VII. 2023, sarcocaule scrub, hand collection, A, Valdez, C. Palacios & J. Rojas, leg., 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 3 imm. (CARCIB-Ar- 5642). Santuario de los Cactus, 50 km al Sur (23.7457, - 110.11208, 435 m), 11. IV. 2024, transition from scrubland to lowland forest, A. Valdez, M. L. Jiménez & C. Palacios, leg., 1 ♂ (CARCIB-Ar- 5643). Other material. Records by Olmstead (1975) (not examined): UNITED STATES OF AMERICA: Arizona, Maricopa County, Phoenix 10 specimens (33.4195, - 112.0931), Pima County, Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument 2 specimens (32.0274, - 112.8312), Pima County, Tucson 11 specimens (32.21838, - 110.9987), Yuma County, Ligurta 1 specimen (32.6740, - 114.2949), California, Imperial County, Ogilby 3 specimens (32.8172, - 114.8386), Imperial County, Winterhaven 1 specimen (32.7370, - 114.6374), Imperial County, Winterhaven, 13 mi. S. 3 specimens (32.5616, - 114.6506), Riverside County, Indian Wells 7 specimens (33.7009, - 116.3556), Riverside County, Squaw Tank, Joshua Tree National Monument 1 specimen (33.9288, - 116.0757), San Bernardino County, Morongo Valley 1 specimen (34.0427, - 116.5828), San Bernardino County, Pisgah Lava Flow 46 specimens (34.7572 - 116.3571), San Bernardino County, Twenty-nine Palms, 15 specimens (34.1352 - 116.0522), San Bernardino County, Yermo 4 specimens (34.9073, - 116.8233), San Diego County, Anza Borrego Desert State Park 1 specimen (33.2581, - 116.4060), San Diego County, Borrego Springs, Coyote Canyon 1 specimen (33.35786, - 116.3985), Nevada, Nye Country, Mercury 11 specimens (36.6593, - 115.9993), New Mexico, Hidalgo County, Lordsburg 3 specimens (32.3496, - 108.7049), Texas, El Paso County, El Paso 1 specimen (31.7616, - 106.4722), Presidio County, La Mota Mountain 1 specimen (29.5278, - 103.9823). MEXICO: Baja California, Bahía de los Ángeles 20 specimens (28.9510, - 113.5667), Persebu 1 specimen (30.8169, - 114.7031), Puertecitos 4 specimen (30.3527, - 114.6399), 12.5 mi. NE Rancho laguna Chapala 4 (29.5602, - 114.3516), Dunas Sierra Pinta 1 specimen (31.8619 - 115.1634), 5 mi N San Felipe 1 specimen (31.0869, - 114.8866), 6 mi N San Felipe 9 specimens (31.1046 - 114.8947), Colonia Progreso 1 specimen, Las Arrastas de Arreola 1 specimen. Baja California Sur, 24 mi S. de Santa Rosalía 1 specimen (27.1406, - 112.1575), Bahía Concepción 1 specimen (26.5873, - 111.7886), Isla Natividad 3 specimens (27.8643, - 115.1707), Isla Partida 1 specimen (24.5630, - 110.3836), Isla San José 3 specimens (24.9790, - 110.6176), Isla Santa Inés 4 specimens (27.0379, - 111.9121), La Huerta 4 specimens (24.0572, - 110.1674), La Paz 3 specimens (24.1438, - 110.3125), Cabo Pulmo (23.4395, - 109.4322), Punta Pulmo, N la Ribera 3 specimens (23.5546, - 109.4835), San José del Cabo 7 specimens (23.0875, - 109.7256), Santuario de los Cactus (23.7458 - 110.1121), Pulpito Anchorage 1 specimen. Chihuahua, Samalayuca 2 specimens (31.3643, - 106.5098). Sonora, 10 mi. W de Alamos 21 specimens (27.0883, - 109.0927), Desemboque 20 specimens (30.5729, - 113.0041), Guaymas 1 specimen (27.9113 - 110.9160), 40 mi N Hermosillo 4 specimens (29.6590, - 111.0386), Isla Tiburon 3 specimens (29.0535, - 112.3722), Bahía San Carlos 2 specimens (27.9513, - 111.0613), 30 mi S de Sonoyta 1 specimen (31.4539, - 112.6698), Tastiota 1 specimen (28.3521, - 111.4533).	en	Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro, Jiménez, Maria Luisa, Palacios-Cardiel, Carlos (2025): On the sympatric spiders from the Baja California Peninsula: Descriptions of the males of Syspira longipes Simon and S. tigrina Simon (Araneae: Miturgidae), with new synonyms. Zootaxa 5722 (3): 301-325, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5722.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5722.3.1
03B039019222AE2A88E7FE4973A12A48.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Syspira. longipes has reticulated markings on the dorsal pattern of the carapace (Figs 1, 3, 65, 66). Living specimens of S. longipes are light grey (Figs 65, 66). In addition, the color pattern of the body of each species is conspicuous and different, which helps to identify them in the field; living specimens of S. longipes are light grey (Figs 65, 66). Syspira longipes has embolar base wide (Figs 5, 7, 11, 21 ‒ 24), the embolus in S. longipes is long (Figs 5, 7, 9, 12, 21 ‒ 24). Median apophysis is absent in S. longipes (Figs 5, 9, 12, 21 ‒ 24), subtegulum (St) long (Figs 5, 9, 12, 21 ‒ 24), tegulum in S. longipes is strongly sclerotized (Figs 5, 9, 12, 21 ‒ 24). The process on embolar base (pEB) is present (Fig. 5, 9, 21 ‒ 24), the cymbium is long (Figs 5 ‒ 8, 9 ‒ 12, 21 ‒ 24). The cymbial groove (CbGv) is visible (Figs 7, 11, 17). RTA in ventral view is cylindrical-shaped with small distal tip (Figs 5 ‒ 7, asterisk 19, 21 ‒ 24). Female epigynum is slightly longer than wide (Figs 25, 28), posterior plates (PP) long (Figs 25, 28), and atrial hood (H) triangular-shaped (Fig 25, 28).	en	Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro, Jiménez, Maria Luisa, Palacios-Cardiel, Carlos (2025): On the sympatric spiders from the Baja California Peninsula: Descriptions of the males of Syspira longipes Simon and S. tigrina Simon (Araneae: Miturgidae), with new synonyms. Zootaxa 5722 (3): 301-325, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5722.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5722.3.1
03B039019222AE2A88E7FE4973A12A48.taxon	description	Description (male) (CARCIB-Ar- 5635). Measurements: Total length (prosoma + opisthosoma) 10.3. Carapace 4.60 long, 3.75 wide. Clypeus length 0.20. Diameter of ALE 0.20, AME 0.23, PLE 0.19, PME 0.25. Sternum 2.60 long, 2.30 wide. Leg femur length: I — 5.40; II — 5.30; III — 5.35; IV — 6.50. Leg spination: I — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, d 1 - 2 - 0; metatarsus v 2 - 2 - 0, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, d 0; II — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, d 1 - 2 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 2 - 0, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, d 0; III — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, d 2 - 1 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 2 - 1, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, d 2 - 2 - 2; IV — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, d 2 - 1 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 1, r 1 - 1 - 1, d 2 - 2 - 2. Prosoma. Carapace pale orange, dorsally with dark reticulated pattern from ocular region to posterior part, leaving a space in marginal regions of carapace (Fig. 1). Longitudinal fovea. Ocular region dark, eight eyes, with two eye rows slightly procurved in dorsal view (Fig. 1). Clypeus short, same length as ALE diameter. Sternum pale orange, circular, longer than wide (Fig. 2). Labium orange, longer than wide, becoming paler distally, not fused to the sternum. Endites orange, longer than wide, rhomboid-shaped, becoming paler in prolateral part (Fig. 2). Chelicerae. Dark orange, with long setae frontally close to clypeus. Fangs reddish (Fig. 2), prolateral margin of chelicerae with three equal teeth, retrolateral margin with two equal teeth. Legs. Coxae, trochanters, and femora pale orange ventrally, femora dorsally darker orange and with dark spots. Patellae dark orange with dark spots dorsally. Tibiae, metatarsi, and tarsi dark orange, setose, tibiae with inconspicuous dark spots dorsally. Ophistosoma. Longer than wide, pale grey dorsally, setose in anterior part, with dark grey spots dorsally; pale yellow ventrally, with dark grey region around spinnerets (Figs 1, 2). Palps. Tibia cylindrical, pale orange (Figs 5 ‒ 8, 21 ‒ 24), with three macrosetae in prolateral view (Fig. 8). RTA poorly sclerotized on median part (Figs 5 – 7, 21 ‒ 24). Embolus long, embolar base wide and thinner distally, embolus forming a complete loop (Figs 5, 9, 12, 17, 21 ‒ 24). Conductor (C) translucent (Figs 5, 21 ‒ 24), with small spines (Figs 13, arrow 14, 15). Apical projection on embolar base (EBp) long and curved (Figs 5, 7 ‒ 9, 13, 16). Cymbium with long and numerous setae distally (Figs 5 ‒ 8, 9 ‒ 12, 21 ‒ 24). Cymbial groove (CbGv) conspicuous (Figs 7, 11, 17). CbGv with barbed setae (Fig. 18). Palp tibia with barbed, long setae and thin acuminate setae (Figs 19, 20). Female (CARCIB-Ar- 5634). Measurements: Total length (prosoma + opisthosoma) 12.7. Carapace 6.40 long, 4.80 wide. Clypeus length 0.30. Diameter of ALE 0.25, AME 0.28, PLE 0.30, PME 0.23. Sternum 2.80 long, 2.60 wide. Leg femur length: I — 5.80; II — 5.60; III — 5.60; IV — 7.00. Leg spination: I — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 0, r 0, d 0; metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 0, p 0, r 0, d 0; II — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 0, d 0, metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 0, p 0, r 0, d 0; III — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, d 2 - 1 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, d 2 - 2 - 2; IV — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, d 2 - 1 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 1, r 1 - 1 - 1, d 2 - 2 - 2. Similar to the male, except for the following: Prosoma. Darker orange than male, dark reticulated pattern from ocular region to posterior part less marked (Fig. 3). Ocular region paler than male. Clypeus longer than ALE diameter. Sternum, labium, and endites darker orange than male (Fig. 4). Chelicerae. Darker reddish than male, without long setae frontally, with protruding condyles more visible than male. Chelicerae with same dentation as male. Legs. Coxae and trochanters orange ventrally. Femora ventrally paler orange than male; dorsally darker orange than male, with dark spots less visible. Patellae paler orange than male, with dorsal dark spots less visible. Tibiae, metatarsi, and tarsi paler orange than male, setose, tibiae without dark spots. Ophistosoma. Longer and wider than male, dorsally paler grey than male. Anterior part with less setae than male. Dorsally, with paler grey spots than male. Ventrally, paler yellow than male, grey region around spinnerets paler than male (Figs 3, 4). Epigynum. Atrial hood (H) visible, slightly sclerotizated, anterior to posterior plates (PP) (Figs 25 ‒ 29). Primary spermathecae (S 1) coiled, kidney-shaped, located close to each other, close to epigastric furrow, wider than secondary spermathecae (S 2) (Figs 26 ‒ 30); S 2 coiled, closer to anterior part of epigynum (Figs 26 ‒ 30). C-shaped copulatory ducts, fertilization ducts small, next to epigastric furrow (Figs 25 ‒ 29). Variation. Males (N = 5). Total length (prosoma + opisthosoma) 8.50 ‒ 10.3 (mean = 9.48). Carapace 4.50 ‒ 5.7 (mean = 4.86) long, 3.60 ‒ 4.50 (mean = 3.89) wide. Sternum 2.30 ‒ 2.70 (mean = 2.44) long, 2.00 ‒ 2.40 (mean = 2.22) wide. Leg femur length I: 4.80 ‒ 6.10 (mean = 5.5). Males with low morphological variation in palp shape (Figs 21 ‒ 24). Females (N = 4). Total length (prosoma + opisthosoma) 12.70 ‒ 13.70 (mean = 13.40). Carapace 5.5 ‒ 6.80 (mean = 6.20) long, 4.10 ‒ 5.30 (mean = 4.68) wide. Sternum 2.4 ‒ 3.10 (mean = 2.78) long, 2.3 ‒ 2.9 (mean = 2.58) wide. Leg femur length I: 5.40 ‒ 5.80 (mean = 5.58). Females with high variation in internal structures of the genitalia. Some females with S 1 longer than others, some females with S 2 coiled or compacted in others (Figs 27, 30).	en	Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro, Jiménez, Maria Luisa, Palacios-Cardiel, Carlos (2025): On the sympatric spiders from the Baja California Peninsula: Descriptions of the males of Syspira longipes Simon and S. tigrina Simon (Araneae: Miturgidae), with new synonyms. Zootaxa 5722 (3): 301-325, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5722.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5722.3.1
03B039019222AE2A88E7FE4973A12A48.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Regarding the type locality, Simon (1895) published descriptions of some arachnids from Baja California in the collections of Dr. George Marx from Washington. However, no specific data is provided for the type locality of S. longipes, just the brief mention of: “ Arachnides observés en basse Californie (Mexique) ” (Arachnids observed in Baja California (Mexico). The specific state where the type locality is found (i. e., Baja California or Baja California Sur) is not clear. Natural history. The species inhabits xeric areas in the desert of the Baja California Peninsula and can be found in different micro habits such as bare soil, under fallen logs and branches, leaf litter, gravel and pebbles, under cobblestones, above ground vegetation, beach areas, and even close to humid regions such as oases (Nieto-Castañeda 2004; Nieto-Castañeda & Jiménez 2009; Nieto-Castañeda et al. 2012). Also, the species can be found in disturbed areas in xeric environments (pers. obs.). This ground-dwelling spider is sympatric with S. tigrina, although less abundant (Nieto-Castañeda & Jiménez 2009).	en	Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro, Jiménez, Maria Luisa, Palacios-Cardiel, Carlos (2025): On the sympatric spiders from the Baja California Peninsula: Descriptions of the males of Syspira longipes Simon and S. tigrina Simon (Araneae: Miturgidae), with new synonyms. Zootaxa 5722 (3): 301-325, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5722.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5722.3.1
03B039019222AE2A88E7FE4973A12A48.taxon	distribution	Distribution. MEXICO: Baja California, Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, and Sonora. USA: Arizona, California, Nevada, and Texas (Fig. 75).	en	Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro, Jiménez, Maria Luisa, Palacios-Cardiel, Carlos (2025): On the sympatric spiders from the Baja California Peninsula: Descriptions of the males of Syspira longipes Simon and S. tigrina Simon (Araneae: Miturgidae), with new synonyms. Zootaxa 5722 (3): 301-325, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5722.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5722.3.1
03B03901922AAE3088E7FC7E72BE2854.taxon	description	Figs 31 ‒ 64, 67, 68, 75	en	Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro, Jiménez, Maria Luisa, Palacios-Cardiel, Carlos (2025): On the sympatric spiders from the Baja California Peninsula: Descriptions of the males of Syspira longipes Simon and S. tigrina Simon (Araneae: Miturgidae), with new synonyms. Zootaxa 5722 (3): 301-325, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5722.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5722.3.1
03B03901922AAE3088E7FC7E72BE2854.taxon	materials_examined	Type material: MEXICO: Baja California Peninsula: Female holotype presumed lost. Material examined. MEXICO: Baja California Sur, Los Cabos, camino a la Rivera km 17, Cabo Pulmo (23.5756667 - 109.5600027, 27 m), 21. IX. 2016, xeric shrub, hand collection. C. Palacios, A. Brindis, D. Garavito & L. Medrano, leg. 1 ♀ (CARCIB-Ar- 5602). Sierra de la Laguna, Cañón de San Dionisio (23.5377 - 109.7982, 371 m), 22. IX. 2016, low deciduous forest, hand collection, C. Palacios, A. Brindis. D. Garavito & L. Medrano, leg. 3 ♀, 1 imm. (CARCIB-Ar- 5603). Camino a la reserva de la Biósfera (23.5107, - 110.0417, 502 m), 28. IX. 2016, low deciduous forest, hand collection, C. Palacios, A. Brindis, D. Garavito & L. Medrano, leg. 2 ♀ (CARCIB-Ar- 5609). La Paz, El Comitán, Reserva Laura Arriaga (24.1298, - 110.4357, 9 m), 11. III. 2006, sarcocaule shrub, pitfall traps, G. Nieto-Castañeda leg. 1 ♂ (CARCIB-Ar- 5604). El Comitán, same data, 21. V. 2019 hand collection, A. Brindis & C. Palacios leg. 1 ♀ (CARCIB-Ar- 5611). Las Playitas (23.9855, - 110.1872, 399 m), 09. VII. 2009. xeric shrub, C. Palacios leg. 1 ♂ (CARCIB-Ar- 5605). Las Playitas, same data, 06. V. 2010, 1 ♂ (CARCIB-Ar- 5606). Rancho Ancón (24.0065, - 110.1001, 668 m), 30. III. 2023, transition from thorny scrub to low deciduous forest, C. Palacios, D. Chamé-Vázquez & J. Rojas-Castillo leg. 2 ♂ (CARCIB-Ar- 5608). Todos Santos, San Pedrito de la Palma (23.3898, - 110.2073, 17 m), 20. IX. 2016, xeric shrub, hand collection, C. Palacios, A. Brindis, D. Garavito & L. Medrano, leg. 2 ♀ (CARCIB-Ar- 5610). Comondú, Carambuche-San Isidro (26.237, - 112.0022, 119 m), 10. VII. 2009, mesic vegetation, C. Palacios leg. 1 ♂ (CARCIB-Ar- 5607). Other material. From Chamberlin (1924) (S. analytica Chamberlin, syn. nov. and S. synthetica Chamberlin, syn. nov. (= S. tigrina) (not examined): MEXICO: Baja California: 1 ♀ (CAS) from Bahía de los Ángeles (28.9520, 113.5650), 27. VII. 1921, J. C. Chamberlin leg. 1 immature, 10? (MCZ) from San Francisquito Bay, V. 1921, J. C. Chamberlin leg. 2 imm. (CAS) from Isla Mejia (29.5570, - 113.5717), 30. IV. 1921, J. C. Chamberlin leg. Baja California Sur: 1 ♀, 4 imm. (CAS) from Isla Ballena (24.4827, - 110.4034), 9. VI. 1921, J. C. Chamberlin leg. Several imm. (CAS) from Isla Ildefonso (26.6324, - 111.4307), 17. V. 1921, J. C. Chamberlin leg. 1 ♀, several imm. (CAS) from Isla (Islotes) Las Galeras (25.7411, - 111.0443), 13. VI. 1921, J. C. Chamberlin leg. 2 ♀, 3 ♂ (CAS 1449, 1450) from Isla Patos, 23. IV. 1921. J. C. Chamberlin leg. 1 ♂ (MCZ) from Puerto Escondido (25.8125, - 111.3116), 14. VI. 1921, J. C. Chamberlin leg. 1 ♂, 1 ♀, several specimens (MCZ) from San José del Cabo (23.0991, - 109.7192), 14. VI. 1921, J. C. Chamberlin leg. 3 imm. (MCZ) from Isla Pelicano, 06. VII. 1921, J. C. Chamberlin leg. Ten and three specimens (?) (CAS) from Isla San José (24.9790, - 110.6176), 10. VI. 1921, J. C. Chamberlin leg. Sonora: 1 ♀ (MCZ) from Guaymas (27.9113, - 110.9160), 14. IV. 1921, J. C. Chamberlin leg. 10 specimens (?) (MCZ) same data as previous material, 09. IV. 1921, E. P. Van Duzee leg. Records by Olmstead (1975): UNITED STATES OF AMERICA: Arizona, Pima County, Santa Catalina Mountains, 1 specimen (32.4518 - 110.8533), Pima County, Tucson, 3 specimen (32.2183, - 110.9987), Santa Cruz County, Oro Blanco Mountains 5 specimens (31.4908, - 111.2931), Santa Cruz County, Ruby 1 specimen (31.4632, - 111.2377), Yuma County, Gabel, 1 specimen. California, Riverside County Joshua Tree National Monument, Cottonwood Canyon 5 specimens (33.8715, - 115.9115), Riverside County Lower Covington Flat 1 specimen (34.0464, - 116.3158), Riverside County Pinyon Wells 13 specimens (33.9001, - 116.0879), Riverside County Pleasant Valley 7 specimens (33.9472, - 116.1041), Riverside County Squaw Tank 2 specimens (33.9288, - 116.0757), Riverside County Morongo Valley 1 specimen (34.0427, - 116.5828), Riverside County Whitewater Canyon 4 specimen (33.9628 - 116.6498), San Diego County Jamacha 1 specimen (32.7407, - 116.9092), Mountain Spring 1 specimen (32.6715, - 116.1105), Sheep Canyon 1 specimen (33.3665, - 116.4778). MEXICO: Baja California, Ensenada, 37 mi. NW Bahía de Los Ángeles 1 specimen (29.2486, - 114.0923), 38 mi. N Laguna Chapala 1 specimen (29.9221, - 114.5042), Puerto Santo Tomás 5 specimens (31.5561, - 116.6776). Baja California Sur, Mulegé, San Ignacio 3 specimens, Loreto, 1 specimen (26.0140, - 111.3526), San Javier Misión 2 specimens (25.8604, - 111.5441), Puerto Escondido 1 specimen (25.8120, - 111.3153), Comondú, Santo Domingo 2 specimens (25.4925, - 111.9210), San Luis Gonzaga Misión 1 specimen (24.9082, - 111.2912), La Paz 8 specimens (24.1438, - 110.3125), 17 mi. N Todos Santos, Arroyo, Hondo 17 specimens (23.7124, - 110.2293), El Triunfo 1 specimen (23.8014, - 110.1074), Cabo San Lucas 7 specimens (22.9019, - 109.9114), Agua Caliente, Región del Cabo 2 specimens (23.4165, - 109.7639), La Rivera 2 specimens (23.5928 - 109.5763), San José del Cabo 2 specimens (23.0991 - 109.7192), Isla Ballena 1 specimen (24.4827, - 110.4034), Isla Cedro 1 specimen (28.2036, - 115.1958), Isla Cerralvo 14 specimens (24.2188, - 109.8901), Isla Coronado 1 specimen (26.1111, - 111.2758), Isla Natividad 1 specimen (27.8643, - 115.1704), Isla Patos 2 specimens, Isla San José 1 specimen (24.9790, - 110.6176), Isla Santa Catalina 1 specimen (25.6570, - 110.7901), Isla Santa Inés 1 specimen (27.0379, - 111.9121) Punta Palmilla 1 specimen (23.0102, - 109.7199), 10 mi. S Colonia Region del Cabo 1 specimen, Isla Raya 1 specimen, La Burrera 2 specimens (23.4386, - 109.6952), San Domingo 1 specimen. Sonora, Guaymas 1 specimen (27.9113, - 110.9160), Desemboque 2 specimens (30.5729, - 113.0041), 10 mi. E de Alamos 5 specimens (27.0246, - 108.7735), Minas Nuevas 1 specimen (27.0623, - 109.0112), Isla San Martin 1 specimen.	en	Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro, Jiménez, Maria Luisa, Palacios-Cardiel, Carlos (2025): On the sympatric spiders from the Baja California Peninsula: Descriptions of the males of Syspira longipes Simon and S. tigrina Simon (Araneae: Miturgidae), with new synonyms. Zootaxa 5722 (3): 301-325, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5722.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5722.3.1
03B03901922AAE3088E7FC7E72BE2854.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Syspira tigrina has three dark stripe markings, two are longitudinal and almost parallel, beginning near coxa I and ending before the posterior edge of the carapace; these stripes are separated by at least the distance between the anterolateral eyes. The third stripe is perpendicular to the other two and is closer to the posterior edge of the carapace (Figs 31, 33, 67, 68). Living specimens of S. tigrina are sand color (Figs 67, 68). Syspira tigrina has the embolar base thin (Figs. 35, 37, 55 ‒ 58), the embolus is short (Figs 35, 39, 43, 49, 55 ‒ 58), the median apophysis is present (Figs 35, 36, 38, 39, 42, 43, 46 ‒ 48). Subtegulum (St) is short (Figs 35, 55 ‒ 58), the tegulum is poorly sclerotized (Figs 35, 38, 55 ‒ 58). The process on embolar base (pEB) is absent (Figs 35, 38, 39, 43, 55 ‒ 58). The cymbium is short (Figs 35 ‒ 46, 55 ‒ 58), whereas the cymbial groove (CbGv) is slightly visible (Figs 37, 45, 50). RTA in ventral view in S. tigrina is slightly cylindrical and with distal tip curved, hook-shaped (Figs 35 ‒ 37, 39 ‒ 41, asterisk 52, 53, 55 ‒ 58). Female epigynum is as long as wide (Figs 59, 62), posterior plates (PP) short in S. tigrina (Figs 59, 62), atrial hood (H) with trapezoidal-shaped (Figs 59, 62).	en	Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro, Jiménez, Maria Luisa, Palacios-Cardiel, Carlos (2025): On the sympatric spiders from the Baja California Peninsula: Descriptions of the males of Syspira longipes Simon and S. tigrina Simon (Araneae: Miturgidae), with new synonyms. Zootaxa 5722 (3): 301-325, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5722.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5722.3.1
03B03901922AAE3088E7FC7E72BE2854.taxon	description	Description (male) (CARCIB-Ar- 5604). Measurements: Total length (prosoma + opisthosoma) 7.49. Carapace 4.12 long, 3.37 wide. Clypeus length 0.20. Chelicerae length 1.6. Diameter of ALE 0.20, AME 0.16, PLE 0.20, PME 0.20. Sternum 2.10 long, 1.8 wide. Leg femur length: I — 4.37; II — 4.0; III — 4.0; IV — 5.0. Leg spination: I — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, d- 0 - 0 - 1; metatarsus v 2 - 2 - 0, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, d 0; II — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, d 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 2 - 0, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, d 0; III — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, d 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 2 - 1, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, d 2 - 2 - 2; IV — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, d 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 1, r 1 - 1 - 1, d 1 - 1 - 1. Prosoma. Carapace pale yellow dorsally, with two paramedian broken dark bands and numerous black setae and white setae on the sides of ocular region and carapace border (Fig. 31). Posterior slope of carapace with two dark brown spots. Fovea longitudinal. Ocular region pale orange, eight eyes, with two eye rows slightly procurved in dorsal view (Fig. 31). Clypeus short, same length as ALE, PLE, and PME diameter, with long setae. Sternum yellow, almost circular, longer than wide (Fig. 32). Labium dark yellow, longer than wide, becoming paler distally, not fused to the sternum. Endites orange, longer than wide, rhomboid-shaped, becoming paler in prolateral part (Fig. 32). Chelicerae. Dark orange, with long frontal setae. Fangs reddish, prolateral margin of chelicerae with three equal teeth, retrolateral margin with two equal teeth, black boss present. Legs. Coxae yellow, trochanters dark yellow, femora pale yellow ventrally and darker yellow dorsally with three dark rings. Femora III-IV with two diffuse ventral dark rings. Patellae and tibia yellow. Metatarsi and tarsi dark yellow with scarse scopula. Tarsi claw with five teeth and stuff. Opisthosoma. Longer than wide, grey dorsally with white and black setae. Anterior slope with long black setae, with a middle dorsal lanceolate dark band and posterior dark chevron bands (Fig. 31). Opisthosoma dark grey ventrally, with dark grey region around spinnerets (Fig. 32). Palps. Tibia cylindrical, pale yellow, with three macrosetae in prolateral view (Figs 36, 38). RTA poorly sclerotized on proximal part and sclerotized hook shape on distal part (Fig. 35 ‒ 37, 39 ‒ 42, 52, 53). Palp tibia with barbed, long setae and thin, acuminate setae (Figs 52 ‒ 54). Embolus (E) long, forming a complete loop (Fig. 35, 39, 41, 43). Embolar base (EB) wide and thinner distally (Fig. 35). Median apophysis (MA) long and curved (Fig. 35, 37, 38, 39 ‒ 42, 43, 46 ‒ 48, 55 ‒ 58). Process on embolar base (pEB) absent (Figs 35, 55 ‒ 58). Embolar base (EBp) finger-shaped (Fig. 35). Conductor (C) translucent and as long as wide (Figs 35, 37, 39, 41, 43, 47, 48, 55 ‒ 58). Cymbium with long and numerous distal setae (Figs 36 ‒ 46, 50). Cymbial groove (CbGv) conspicuous, as long as tibia (Figs 37, 41, 45, 50 ‒ 51). CbGv with barbed setae (Figs 50, 52). Palp tibia with barbed, long setae and thin, acuminate setae (Figs 53, 54). Female (CARCIB-Ar- 5602). Measurements: Total length (prosoma + opisthosoma) 13.37. Carapace 4.62 long, 3.75 wide. Clypeus length 0.25. Chelicerae length 2.25. Diameter of ALE 0.20, AME 0.20, PLE 0.20, PME 0.18. Sternum 2.25 long, 2.0 wide. Leg femur length: I — 3.62; II — 3.75; III — 3.12; IV — 4.25. Leg spination: I — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 0, r 0, d 0; metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 0, p 0, r 0, d 0; II — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 0, r 0, d 0, metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 0, p 0, r 0, d 0; III — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, d 2 - 1 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 2 - 1, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, d 2 - 2 - 2; IV — tibia v 2 - 2 - 1, p 1 - 1 - 1, r 1 - 1 - 1, d 2 - 2 - 2, metatarsus v 2 - 2 - 1, p 1 - 1 - 1, r 1 - 1 - 1, d 2 - 2 - 2. Similar to the male, except for the following differences: Prosoma. Darker yellow than male, dark reticulated pattern from ocular region to posterior part more marked (Fig. 33). Ocular region darker than male. Clypeus is smaller than ALE diameter. Sternum, labium, and endites darker orange than male (Fig. 34). Chelicerae. Darker reddish than male, with some long setae frontally, with protruding condyles more visible than male. Chelicerae with same dentation as male. Legs. Coxae and trochanters dark yellow ventrally. Ventrally, femora darker yellow than male; dorsally, darker orange than male, with dark rings more visible. Patellae paler orange than male, without dorsal dark spots. Tibiae, metatarsi, and tarsi darker yellow than male, setose, tibiae without dark spots. Opisthosoma. Longer and wider than male, dorsally slightly paler grey than male. Anterior part with less setae than male. Dorsally, spots paler grey than male (Fig. 33). Ventrally, paler yellow than male, grey region around spinnerets paler than male (Fig. 34). Epigynum. Atrium hood (H) visible, wider than long (Figs 59 ‒ 63), anterior to posterior plates (PP), which are slightly sclerotized (Figs 59 ‒ 63). PP with oval edges to anterior part (Figs 59 ‒ 63). Primary spermathecae (S 1) coiled and kidney-shaped, secondary spermathecae (S 2) smaller and coiled, projecting anterodistally (Figs. 60 ‒ 64). Copulatory ducts almost parallel, slightly curved in ventral view, fertilization ducts small, next to epigastric furrow (Figs 59 ‒ 63). Variation. Males (N = 6). Total length (prosoma + opisthosoma) 7.49 ‒ 9.26 (mean = 8.64). Carapace 4.12 ‒ 5.25 (mean = 4.65) long, 3.00 ‒ 4.00 (mean = 3.54) wide. Sternum 1.60 ‒ 2.25 (mean = 2.05) long, 2.20 ‒ 1.55 (mean = 1.88) wide. Leg femur length I: 3.50 ‒ 5.12 (mean = 4.54). Males with little morphological variation in palp shape (Figs 35, 43, 55 ‒ 58). Two males from San Isidro were collected with the palp expanded (asterisks, Figs 39, 41, 42), which probably corresponds to males collected during mating. Females (N = 6). Total length (prosoma + opisthosoma) 9.50 ‒ 13.37 (x = 11.18). Carapace 4.25 ‒ 4.75 (mean = 4.46) long, 3.37 ‒ 3.75 (mean = 3.58) wide. Sternum 2.00 ‒ 2.50 (mean = 2.19) long, 1.85 ‒ 2.20 (mean = 1.98) wide. Leg femur length I: 3.37 ‒ 3.75 (mean = 3.62). Females with high variation in external and internal structures of the genitalia. PP with rounded posterior edges in some females (Figs 59, 60), but with straight posterior edges in others (Figs 62, 63). Some females with S 1 and S 2 longer than others (Figs 61, 64). Some females with S 1 separated from each other (Fig. 64), with others have S 1 closer to each other (Fig. 61).	en	Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro, Jiménez, Maria Luisa, Palacios-Cardiel, Carlos (2025): On the sympatric spiders from the Baja California Peninsula: Descriptions of the males of Syspira longipes Simon and S. tigrina Simon (Araneae: Miturgidae), with new synonyms. Zootaxa 5722 (3): 301-325, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5722.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5722.3.1
03B03901922AAE3088E7FC7E72BE2854.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The work of Simon (1895) describes some arachnids, including S. tigrina, from Baja California in the collections of Dr. Geo. Marx from Washington; however, no specific locality is given, just the brief mention of: “ Arachnides observés en basse Californie (Mexique) ” (Arachnids observed in Baja California (Mexico). Later, Simon (1897) makes a brief description of a S. tigrina female and designates it as type material deposited in the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle in Paris, France (MNHN); unfortunately, this material is apparently lost. Nevertheless, two specimens collected by Simon (MNHN-AR-AR 15053) without dates, are deposited at the MNHN, but were not examined. Natural history. The species is mainly active at night. Pitfall trap collections indicate that this species represents up to 50 % of all wandering spider abundance where they are found, suggesting they are an important component of the desert ground spider assemblage (Nieto-Castañeda 2004; Nieto Castañeda & Jiménez 2009).	en	Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro, Jiménez, Maria Luisa, Palacios-Cardiel, Carlos (2025): On the sympatric spiders from the Baja California Peninsula: Descriptions of the males of Syspira longipes Simon and S. tigrina Simon (Araneae: Miturgidae), with new synonyms. Zootaxa 5722 (3): 301-325, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5722.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5722.3.1
03B03901922AAE3088E7FC7E72BE2854.taxon	distribution	Distribution. MEXICO: Baja California, Baja California Sur, and Sonora. USA: California and Arizona (Fig. 75).	en	Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro, Jiménez, Maria Luisa, Palacios-Cardiel, Carlos (2025): On the sympatric spiders from the Baja California Peninsula: Descriptions of the males of Syspira longipes Simon and S. tigrina Simon (Araneae: Miturgidae), with new synonyms. Zootaxa 5722 (3): 301-325, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5722.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5722.3.1
