identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03B33214FFEDFFD0FF42AF21FD334CB2.text	03B33214FFEDFFD0FF42AF21FD334CB2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cadoderus Faust	<div><p>The Cadoderus Faust generic complex</p> <p>Distribution. Weevils of this generic complex occur in East Africa. They are represented in young mountains such as Kilimanjaro, Aberdare, and the comparatively old massifs of Chyulu Hills and Eastern Arc Mountains. The latter compound massif is significantly highlighted by maximal species richness and may be considered as a hot spot of biodiversity of this group. The ranges of most known species are rather restricted, and species appear to be strictly endemic to isolated mountain ranges or their portions, but it can not be excluded that such small ranges result from the small amount of material available. Nevertheless, material examined shows that a number of species almost never extend beyond the limits of one or two neighboring mountain ranges. This is most apparent in North and South Pare Mountains and Nguru Mountains where 2–3 sympatric species occur on each ridge. Other isolated mountains also have endemic species. The Usambara Mountains consist of western and eastern massifs separated from the Pare Mountains by the narrow valley of the Mkomazi River. Each massif contains endemic species including the genus Oncophyes — endemic to Usambara. The range of Cadoderus is much broader than that of Oncophyes and limited by the Usambara and Nguru Mountains (Tanzania) and Ruvube River (Burundi). Sphrigodellus has the maximal range. Its occurrence is limited to the north by the Aberdare mountain range, to the south by the Udzungwa Mountains, and to the east by the Indian Ocean. The western limit of the range of Sphrigodellus is unclear due to the lack of material from the Rift Valley. Only one species is known so far from Mt. Kilimanjaro. Species inhabit xerothermic and wet forests, from sea level up to 2800 m elevation.</p> <p>Biology. The biology of these species is still poorly studied; the beetles apparently inhabit the canopy level of big trees and middle size shrubs. Interaction with host plants is also not very clear; adults have been recorded on plant species from several families: Psychotria spp., Mystroxylon aethiopicum, Myrsine africana etc. Oviposition has not been studied but, considering that the ovipositor is heavily sclerotized and the spiculum ventrale possesses a narrow knife-shaped lamella, it may be presumed eggs are deposited in narrow gaps in "suspended litter", i.e. aggregations of lichens/moss/small orchids, dead leaves between tree branches. Descent of beetles to the ground occurs only as an emergency. As it was observed by the author, the species of Cadoderus and other forest dwelling groups of Embrithini do not possess an advanced armor, common in Cryptorhynchinae, that could protect the weevils from ants, particularly dorylines. It is likely, that for this reason in the middle montane forest belt, where ants are abundant, the diversity of forest floor leaf litter Entiminae is low. The subfamily is represented mostly by miniaturized unarmored Hypsomias Aurivilius, 1910, Tapinomorphus Hartmann, 1904 and endogean blind or microphthalmic species of Dysommatus Marshall, 1933. By contrast, the diversity and abundance of leaf litter dwelling species among armored Molytinae and Cryptorhynchinae are higher than in Entiminae. At higher elevation, where the (doryline) ants are less abundant, i.e. in the three vegetation belts dominated by Erica arborea, Hagenia abyssinica and Afroalpine belts (2700–4600 m a.s.l.) the diversity and abundance of soil dwelling Entiminae is higher compared to poorly represented Molytinae and Cryptorhynchinae.</p> <p>Coloration. These weevils exhibit a cryptic color pattern formed by a combination of differently coloured scales. The well-defined green and brown stripes and spots have the effect of obscuring the outline of the beetle so that it blends in with the natural environment (small spots of lichens, moss and algae on leaves and branches). Unidentified species of Conoderinae (figs 41, 42), collected in the same biotope, exhibit the same general color pattern as Sphrigodellus and Cadoderus, but the number and arrangement of the stripes is different. This convergent crypsis contrasts with another phenomenon described for species of Baridinae, where beetles have a remarkable, extravagant appearance that also seems to result in a noticeable loss in the ability of natural enemies to discriminate less striking details (Prena 2010).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B33214FFEDFFD0FF42AF21FD334CB2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yunakov, Nikolai	Yunakov, Nikolai (2012): 3535. Zootaxa 3535: 1-104
03B33214FFEFFFD3FF42AB06FA304B29.text	03B33214FFEFFFD3FF42AB06FA304B29.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cadoderus	<div><p>Key to Embrithini genera allied to Cadoderus (modified after Marshall 1942)</p> <p>1 Epistome U-shaped, its posterior margin forming arcuate carina; frons not declivous or weakly declivous; subocular row consisting of 2–3 (rarely 4–6) setae; pronotum without anterior transverse setal fringe; ventrites densely squamose; antennifer entirely visible in dorsal view; pronotum strongly transverse [PL/PW: 0.71–0.89]; aggonoporium of internal sac with ventral process, if ventral process absent then lobes curved.......................................................... 2</p> <p>- Epistome very narrow, linear, without carina; frons vertical, linear; subocular row consists of 5–8 (rarely 2) setae; pronotum with (rarely without) anterior setal fringe; ventrites with scattered scales and short hairs; antennifers half-visible; funicular segment 1 more or less longer than 2; pronotum transverse or as long as wide [PL/PW: 0.81–1]; aggonoporium of internal sac consisting of two stick-shaped lobes connected proximally by transverse bridge, without ventral process...................................................................................................... Sphrigodellus Marshall</p> <p>2 Eyes weakly convex, not surrounded by wide glabrous ring; transverse sulcus not concealed by scales; Internal sac with aggonoporium long, consisting of straight lobes; subscutellar callosity weakly developed............ Cadoderus Marshall</p> <p>- Eyes flat, surrounded by wide glabrous ring; transverse sulcus completely concealed by scales; subscutellar callosity strongly developed........................................................................................... 3</p> <p>3 Metanepisternal suture complete; anterior portion of epifrons roundly dilated; rostrum and vertex covered with dense matted curled, erect setae.................................... Plocometopus Marshall [P. scutellatus (Hustache) 4–4.5 mm]</p> <p>- Metanepisternal sutures obsolete behind; anterior portion of epifrons parallel-sided; rostrum and vertex squamose........ 4</p> <p>4 Body size larger than 4 mm; pronotum covered with round recumbent, overlapping flat scales; elytra with dense entire round scales; setae on elytra weakly erect, spatulate, shorter and obtuse; rostrum as long as wide or slightly elongate [RL/RW: 1–1.1]; pronotum of equal width at anterior and posterior edge; eyes larger, flat; subscutellar callosity large, without tubercles; hind coxae reaching elytra.................................................................. Oncophyes Marshall</p> <p>- Body size 2.7–3.5 mm; pronotum covered with umbrella-shaped erect scales (natively coated by soil particles); elytra with dense multiply excised round scales; setae on elytra strongly erect, slender, very long and acute; rostrum 2 x as long as wide; pronotum much narrower at anterior than posterior edge; eyes small, strongly convex; subscutellar callosity tiny, with two sharp tubercles; hind coxae narrowly separated from elytra............. Stenorrhamphus Marshall [S. crinitus (Marshall)]</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B33214FFEFFFD3FF42AB06FA304B29	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yunakov, Nikolai	Yunakov, Nikolai (2012): 3535. Zootaxa 3535: 1-104
03B33214FFEFFFD2FF42AEB9FA304D81.text	03B33214FFEFFFD2FF42AEB9FA304D81.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cadoderus	<div><p>Key to species of Cadoderus</p> <p>1 Rostrum broader; lateral carinae broadly convex; pterygia extended beyond lateral contour of rostrum; epistome separated from frons by carina, glabrous; antennal scape squamose; tarsi setose and with scattered scales; elytra without transverse band on posterior declivity, spotted pattern absent; green scales form distinct longitudinal stripes on elytra and pronotum; ventral side of head and pronotum green; pronotum widest at middle; elytral disc strongly convex (observable in lateral view) (figs 1–2, 5–10); apex of median lobe without dorsal tooth-shaped process (observable in lateral view, Figs 70, 97), otherwise angulate flange developed (Fig. 59); coxites curved dorso-ventrally, with heavily sclerotized dorsal baculi; cornus of spermatheca extended beyond corpus............................................................................... 2</p> <p>- Rostrum narrower; lateral carinae vestigial; pterygia extended beyond lateral contour of rostrum; epistome fused with frons in fronto-epistome, not delimited by carina, coarsely punctate; antennal scapes without scales; elytral disc weakly convex; tarsi setose, without scales; elytra with pale transverse band on posterior declivity and scattered deep-brown unclear spots on intervals 1, 2, 4, 6; green scales scattered; ventral side of head and pronotum grey; pronotum widest in posterior half; elytral disc slightly convex (figs 3–4); apex of median lobe with dorsal tooth-shaped process directed posteriad (Fig. 122); coxites not curved dorso-ventrally, without heavily sclerotized dorsal baculi; cornus of spermatheca not extended beyond corpus............................................................................................ C. mysticus (Faust)</p> <p>2 Eyes smaller, rather convex (FW/ELD: 1.14–1.50); subocular row consisting of 4–6 setae; lateral carinae broadly strongly convex............................................................................................... 3</p> <p>- Eyes larger, less convex (FW/ELD: 0.67–1.07); subocular row consisting of 3–4 (rarely 2) setae; lateral carinae not convex...................................................................................................... 5</p> <p>3 Anterior declivity with setae up to a third as long as interval width; background brownish-olivaceous; striped pattern formed by green and cupreous scales; pronotum with 3 longitudinal cupreous stripes (1 discal, 2 dorso-lateral); dorso-lateral stripes broad, fused with lateral stripes; anterior portion of intervals 3 and 5 gray; rostrum with scarcely convex lateral carinae; epifrons at the level of antennal articulation 2.8–3.0 x narrower than vertex; eyes smaller [FW/ELD: average 1.43]; tubercles along striae 1 larger (Fig. 82); setal comb of protibiae consisting of 8–9 setae; female tergite 8 with sparse setal fringe.............................................................................................. C. burundi sp. n. - Anterior declivity with setae half as long as interval width; background deep-brown or olivaceous; striped pattern formed by green and cupreous scales; pronotum with 5 longitudinal distinct stripes (1 discal, 2 dorso-lateral, 2 lateral); dorso-lateral stripes narrow; anterior portion of intervals 3 and 5 green or olivaceous-brown; rostrum with strongly convex lateral carinae; epifrons at level of antennal articulation 2 x narrower than vertex; eyes larger [FW/ELD: average 1.21–1.30]; tubercles along the striae 1 smaller; setal comb of protibiae consisting of 10–14 setae; female tergite 8 with dense setal fringe............ 4</p> <p>4 Subocular row consisting of 4 setae; anterior and posterior elytral declivity with equally strongly erect setae; 2nd–3rd funicular segments with scattered scales; metatibiae with vestigial grooming brush; background scaling olivaceous; antennal funicle slender (1st funicular segment 1.42 x as long as 2nd; elytra rather broad and convex EL/EW average: 1.31, EL/BH average: 1.5; median lobe 0.75 x as long as apodemes, tubular, in apical 1/3 sharply narrowed anteriad, apex attenuate, narrowly rounded............................................................................... C. olivaceus sp. n.</p> <p>- Subocular row consisting of 4–6 setae; posterior elytral declivity with longer and broader setae; funicular segments without scales; metatibiae with significantly developed grooming brush; background scaling deep-brown; elytra oval and less convex (EL/EW average: 1.36, EL/BH average: 1.41); median lobe 1.30 x as long as apodemes, lateral edges not connate dorsally, evenly narrowed anteriorly, apex acute.................................................... C. grebennikovi sp. n.</p> <p>5 Epifrons very narrow, parallel-sided, at level of antennal articulation 2 x narrower than vertex; eyes smaller [FW/ELD: 1.00–1.07 (1.03)]; metatibiae indistinctly serrate or without teeth on interior edge; 2nd ventrite 1.5 x as long as 3rd one; apex of median lobe acute, strongly laterally compressed............................................. C. bellus (Faust)</p> <p>- Epifrons wider, at the level of antennal articulation 1.8 x narrower than vertex; eyes larger [FW/ELD: 0.67–0.87 (0.80)]; metatibiae with large teeth on interior edge; 2nd ventrite 2 x as long as 3rd one; apex of median lobe narrowly rounded, not flattened........................................................................................ C. weisei sp. n.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B33214FFEFFFD2FF42AEB9FA304D81	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yunakov, Nikolai	Yunakov, Nikolai (2012): 3535. Zootaxa 3535: 1-104
03B33214FFEEFFDDFF42A951FA304A36.text	03B33214FFEEFFDDFF42A951FA304A36.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sphrigodellus	<div><p>Key to species of Sphrigodellus</p> <p>1 Striped pattern on elytra more or less developed............................................................ 2</p> <p>- Striped pattern on elytra absent........................................................................ 10</p> <p>2 Pro- and mesotibiae strongly curved; elytral intervals 3 and 5 densely setose; temples with longitudinal callosity......... 3</p> <p>- Pro- and mesotibiae straight; elytral intervals 3 and 5 sparsely setose or without setae; temples without longitudinal callosity..................................................................................................... 4</p> <p>3 Subocular row consists of 2–4 setae; anterior fringe distinct; basisternum squamose; antennal scape squamose; rostrum as long as wide or weakly elongate [RL/RW: 1.06–1.24 (1.12)]; antennal funicle robust: funicular segments 5–7 as long as wide; club egg-shaped; median lobe 0.7 x as long as apodemes, distinctly tubular; sharply narrowed apically in apical 1/4; apex narrowly rounded, almost acute; spermatheca with slender collum slender 2 x as long as ramus.................. S. minutus sp. n.</p> <p>- Subocular row consists of 4–6 setae; anterior fringe indistinct; basisternum bare; antennal scape setose, without scales; rostrum strongly elongate [RL/RW: 1.20–1.33 (1.27)]; antennal funicle slender: funicular segments 5–7 oblong; club spindle-shaped; median lobe 1.30 x longer than apodemes, flattened dorso-ventrally, not tubular, evenly narrowed apically in apical 1/3; apex broadly rounded, dorso-ventrally slightly convex; spermatheca with slender collum 0.5 x as long as ramus...................................................................................................... S. parecola sp. n.</p> <p>4 Striped pattern on elytra unclear.......................................................................... 5</p> <p>- Striped pattern on elytra distinct.......................................................................... 6</p> <p>5 Head, sides of pronotum, and elytral interval 1 entirely brown or grayish-brown; epifrons sides with row of rather erect scales; elytral intervals 2, 4, 6 with distinct row of setae; intervals 1, 3, 5, 7–10 without setae; antennal funicle without scales; rostrum with 6 epistomal setae; anterior setal fringe consists of 8 (4+4) suberect setae; epifrons at the level of antennal articulation 1.66 x as wide as vertex; antennal scape sharply widened apically; funicular segments 6–7 as long as wide; FW/ELD average: 1.50; median lobe as long as apodeme; shape of aggonoporium (Fig. 144)............................. S. lepidus (Marshall)</p> <p>- Head, sides of pronotum, and 1st interval of elytra with green scales; epifrons sides with row of rather erect scales; elytral intervals 1–6 with distinct row of setae; intervals 1, 3, 5 with sparse setal row; antennal funicle (1st or 1st–2nd segments) with scales; rostrum with 8–10 epistomal setae; anterior setal fringe consists of 12 (4+2+2+4) suberect setae; epifrons at the level of antennal articulation 1.5 x as wide as vertex; antennal scape evenly widened apically; funicular segments 6–7 1.5 x as long as wide; FW/ELD average: 1.14; median lobe 0.7 x as long as apodeme; shape of aggonoporium (figs 161, 162)................................................................................................. S. usambaricus sp. n.</p> <p>6 Scape setose; setae erect and thin, piliform................................................................. 7</p> <p>- Scape squamose; setae suberect or subrecumbent and broad, narrowly-lanceolate................................... 8</p> <p>7 Subocular row consists of 4–6 setae; suberect setae short (up to a third of interval width); rostrum weakly elongate [RL/RW: 1.11–1.22 (1.17)]; eyes highest at middle; pronotal disc flat longitudinally and slightly convex transversally; male elytra oval [EL/EW: 1.31–1.41 (1.38)]; tarsomere 2 transverse, 1.5 x as wide as length; median lobe slightly constricted in apical 1/3 and sharply narrowed apically; apex narrowly rounded, dorso-ventrally slightly convex; lateral edges of median lobe fused, form longitudinal convexity through entire length; preputial opening cordate............................. S. gusarovi sp. n.</p> <p>- Subocular row consists of 6–8 setae; elytral setae long (half as long as interval width); rostrum strongly elongate [RL/RW: 1.24–1.39 (1.34)]; eyes highest posteriorly; pronotal disc strongly convex longitudinally and transversally; male elytra oblongoval [EL/EW m: 1.53–1.56 (1.54)]; tarsomere 2 as long as wide; median lobe parallel-sided (not constricted), in apical 1/4 evenly narrowed anteriorly; apex dorso-ventrally slightly flattened; lateral edges of median lobe partly fused, form longitudinal convexity in basal half; preputial opening oblong-ovate........................................ S. nasutus sp. n. 8 Green scales broadly present in body pattern, elytral interval 1 green; elytra oval, weakly convex at the disc; submentum not protruding (see in dorsal aspect); female tergite 8 with straight or divided setal fringe (figs 145, 169)................... 9</p> <p>- Green scales absent in body pattern, elytral interval 1 grey; elytra almost globose, strongly convex at sides and at the disc; submentum protruding (see in dorsal aspect, Fig. 331); female tergite 8 with bunch-shaped setal fringe (Fig. 340).................................................................................................... S. lineatus sp. n.</p> <p>9 Smaller (BL: 2.15–3.00 mm); anterior half of elytra with long suberect setae (as long as interval width), posterior declivity with extremely long erect setae (1.5 x as long as interval width); epifrons with distinct median carina (normally concealed by dense scaling); anterior portion of epifrons without median sulcus; aggonoporium with narrow lobes; subscutellar callosity reaches 2nd interval, bears 2 tiny tubercles................................................ S. kwamkoroensis sp. n.</p> <p>- Larger (BL: 3.40–4.05 mm); anterior half of elytra with short suberect setae (0.5 x as long as interval width), posterior declivity with long erect setae (as long as interval width); epifrons without median carina; anterior portion of epifrons with thin median sulcus; aggonoporium with broad lobes; subscutellar callosity reaches 3rd interval, with 6 tiny tubercles................................................................................................ S. nguruensis sp. n.</p> <p>10 Body with marble patter; elytra without transverse bend on posterior declivity; scales on antennal scape overlapping; basisternum densely squamose; epistome with 2 or 4 setae.......................................................... 11</p> <p>- Body with uniform coloration, if marble rarely developed then elytra with lateral spots and transverse bend on posterior declivity, setae at declivity much longer than at disc, basisternum bare, abdomen with scattered scaling; scales on antennal scape scattered, not overlapping; basisternum bare or poorly squamose; epistome with 6 setae............................. 13</p> <p>11 Elytra globose, with 2 large dark spots at the disc; epistome with 4 setae; funicle squamose; scape shorter, reaches apical 1/3 of pronotum; 5th–7th funicular segments as long as wide; club egg-shaped; larger (BL: 3.80–4.56 mm).. S. centralis (Hustache)</p> <p>- Elytra ovate, without large dark spots at the disc; epistome with 2 setae; funicle without scales; s cape longer, reaches the middle of pronotum; 5th–7th funicular segments oblong; club spindle-shaped; smaller (BL: 2.43–3.70 mm)................ 12</p> <p>12 Elytral intervals with weakly visible erect setae; rostrum oblong [RL/RW: 1.18–1.26 (1.22)]; transverse sulcus invisible; eyes small [FW/ELD: 0.83–1.03 (0.92)]; pronotal disc flat; subscutellar callosity distinct, with 2 tiny tubercles; male metatibiae in distal 1/3, weakly serrate; male 5th ventrite flat, without depression near the apex, apical edge broadly rounded; median lobe without thin dorsal carina; aggonoporium consists of two C-shaped lobes........................ S. viridegriseus sp. n.</p> <p>- Elytral intervals with erect setae distinctly visible at declivity; rostrum as long as wide; transverse sulcus distinctly visible; eyes large [FW/ELD: 1.07–1.36 (1.21)]; pronotal disc slightly convex transversally; subscutellar callosity concealed by scales, tubercles not developed; male metatibiae in distal 1/3, strongly serrate; male 5th ventrite with depression near the apex, apical edge truncate; median lobe with thin dorsal carina; aggonoporium consists of two stick-shaped curved lobes connected proximally by transverse bridge................................................................ S. kiverengei sp. n.</p> <p>13 Eyes highest posteriorly; antennal scape with suberect setae; funicular segment 2 less oblong, 2 x as long as wide, shorter than 3rd and 4th together; subscutellar callosity with 2 tiny tubercles or tubercles vestigial; median lobe as long as apodemes … 14</p> <p>- Eyes highest at middle; antennal scape with subrecumbent setae; funicular segment 2 strongly oblong, 3 x as long as wide, and as long as 3rd and 4th together; subscutellar callosity with 4 and more tiny tubercles; median lobe 1.44 x as long as apodemes......................................................................................... S. taitae sp. n.</p> <p>14 Smaller (BL: 2.74–3.00 mm); subocular row consists of 4–5 setae; anterior portion of epifrons with median sulcus; frontal fovea long; male metatibiae weakly serrate; male elytra oblong-oval; median lobe with apex sharply narrowed; spermatheca with collum shorter (Fig. 300).......................................................... S. aberdarecola sp. n.</p> <p>- Larger (BL: 3.01–3.70 mm); subocular row consists of 7 setae; anterior portion of epifrons without median sulcus; frontal fovea short; male metatibiae distinctly serrate; male elytra oval; median lobe in apical 1/3 evenly narrowed anteriorly; spermatheca with collum longer (Fig. 314)......................................................... S. sundi sp. n.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B33214FFEEFFDDFF42A951FA304A36	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yunakov, Nikolai	Yunakov, Nikolai (2012): 3535. Zootaxa 3535: 1-104
03B33214FFE1FFDDFF42AFC6FA30499A.text	03B33214FFE1FFDDFF42AFC6FA30499A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oncophyes	<div><p>Key to species of Oncophyes</p> <p>1 Elytral interval 1 with row of setae; elytra background scaling with brown stripes at the elytral intervals 2 and 4; green scales absent; ventral side cupreous; vertex narrower [FW/ELD average: 0.77]; funicular segments 3–7 less oblong (3rd—1.5 x, 7th—1.1 x as long as wide); subscutellar callosity oblong, weakly convex..................... O. amoenus (Hartmann)</p> <p>- Elytral interval 1 without row of setae; elytra background scaling cupreous with dark-cupreous stripes at the elytral intervals 2 and 4, occasionally 1st and 7th intervals green; ventral side cupreous or whitish-cupreous with scattered greenish scales; vertex wider [FW/ELD average: 0.81]; funicular segments 3–7 rather oblong (3rd—1.54 x, 7th—1.25 x as long as wide); subscutellar callosity oblong-egg-shaped, strongly convex.............................................. O. cadoderoides sp. n.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B33214FFE1FFDDFF42AFC6FA30499A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yunakov, Nikolai	Yunakov, Nikolai (2012): 3535. Zootaxa 3535: 1-104
03B33214FFE1FFDFFF42AD6BFA3E4C62.text	03B33214FFE1FFDFFF42AD6BFA3E4C62.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cadoderus Marshall	<div><p>Cadoderus Marshall</p> <p>Marshall, 1926: 249. Type species: Ellimenistes bellus Faust, 1896, by original designation.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Very similar to Sphrigodellus Marshall, differs from it in following characters: subocular row consists of 2–3 (rarely 4–6) setae; basisternum, mesobasisternum and pro- and mesocoxae covered with plumose setae; epistome broadly arcuate, U-shaped or triangular, convex, delimited by strong carina or not; pronotum without anterior transverse setal fringe; posterior setal fringe consists of plumose setae, not hidden by posterior edge of pronotum; ventrites densely squamose; antennifers entirely visible in dorsal view; frons not declivous; funicular segment 1 as long as 2 nd; pronotum strongly transverse [PL/PW: 0.71–0.87]; aggonoporium consisting of two stickshaped symmetrical lobes connected proximally by transverse bridge and long, slender ventral processes.</p> <p>Redescription.</p> <p>Measurements. BL: 2.79–4.11 mm, BW: 1.30–2.22 mm, BH: 1.20–1.74 mm.</p> <p>Vestiture. Body densely covered with overlapping or serried round scales, setose. Setae of head form rows along lateral edges of epifrons (recumbent or subrecumbent) and above the eyes (erect). Subocular row consists of 2–3 (4–6) setae. Temples with or without broad, bare stripe. Subgenae and genae sparsely squamose. Pronotum without anterior setal fringe. Elytral intervals 1–6 (7) with distinct row of setae. Anterior half of elytra with rather short suberect setae (half to third as long as interval width), posterior declivity with rather long, strongly erect, thick, acute or truncate spatulate setae (0.5 x or as long as interval width). Mesepimera bare or partly squamose. Basisternum, mesobasisternum, pro- and mesocoxae covered with plumose setae. Ventrites densely squamose. Scape setose and densely squamose or without scales (C. mysticus); scales (if present) round; setae long, slender, acute, erect or suberect. Funicle setose, segments 1–3 with elongate scales or without scales (C. grebennikovi, C. mysticus); setae suberect, as long as funicular segment 7. Club densely tomentose. Femora and tibiae external and internal surfaces covered with overlapping or serried scales and suberect or subrecumbent setae; setae slender, acute. Male metatibiae with more or less developed grooming brush; setae short or long. Tarsi setose and squamose or only setose (in C. mysticus).</p> <p>Coloration. Integument of body brown to deep-brown, of legs deep-brown. Background scaling deep-brown or brownish-olivaceous; striped pattern formed by green and cupreous scales, dark and pale scales with slight pearly shine. Head with green stripes around eyes and antennal sockets, anterior portion of epifrons green; pronotum with 3 cupreous stripes. Elytra background scaling deep-brown, occasionally with pale transverse band on posterior declivity and scattered deep-brown unclear spots on intervals 1, 2, 4, 6 (C. mysticus); intervals 1, (3, 5), 7(9)–11 green (green scales occasionally scattered: C. mysticus). Stripes on 3 and 5 (if present) interrupted, intervals 2, 4, 6 occasionally (C. grebennikovi) with scattered green scales. Ventral side of head and pronotum green or grey (C. mysticus), meso-and metapleura green, meso- and metanotum and abdomen cupreous. Femora brown-cupreous to brown, proximal portion and ventral surface with green scales, middle portion occasionally with oblique deep-brown or cupreous bands. Tibiae external surface cupreous, brownish-cupreous or grayish-cupreous.</p> <p>Head. Rostrum elongate or weakly elongate [RL/RW: 1.11–1.31], parallel-sided. Pterygia not or weakly (C. mysticus) extended beyond contour of rostrum. Antennal sockets dorsal. Antennifers entirely visible in dorsal view. Lateral carinae convex or weakly convex (C. mysticus). Epifrons very narrow, parallel-sided, at the level of antennal articulation 1.8–2.0 x narrower than vertex, distinctly sloping at sides, with convex median carina. Transverse sulcus deep, slightly or not concealed (C. mysticus) by dense scaling dorsally and laterally. Anterior portion of epifrons not steep, without median sulcus. Frons horizontal, glabrous, bare, with 4 frontal setae. Epistome broadly U-shaped or triangular, convex, generally delimited by narrow carina, bearing 2 epistomal setae; rarely (C. mysticus) epistome not delimited by carina, fused with frons in fronto-epistome, triangular or U-shaped, strongly convex, bare, coarsely punctate, its posterior margian reaches the antennal articulation level. Prementum with 2 setae. Eyes orbicular, large, sublateral, moderately convex, highest at the middle [FW/ELD: 0.67–1.07]. Vertex broad (occasionally in males narrow), flat. Frontal fovea deep, furrow-shaped, concealed or not concealed by scales.</p> <p>Antennae. Scape extended behind anterior edge of pronotum, evenly curved and widened distally. Funicular segment 1 as long as 2nd or ≈ 1.5 x as long as 2 nd (C. mysticus), funicular segments 3–7 oblong. Club broadlyspindle-shaped.</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum strongly transverse, evenly slightly convex at sides, more or less constricted at apex, widest at middle or in posterior half [PL/PW: 0.71–0.87]. Disc weakly convex, occasionally with 2 shallow sublateral depressions. Posterior setal fringe consists of round plumose setae, not hidden by posterior edge of pronotum. Tergosternal sutures complete or obsolete (C. mysticus). Metanepisternal suture obsolete posteriorly.</p> <p>Elytra. Oval to broadly oval or cordate (C. mysticus) [EL/EW 1.00–1.37], anterior edge arcuate, abrupt or not steep, narrowly rounded or acute; disc strongly convex [EL/BH: 1.38–1.61]. Subscutellar callosities hidden by scales, with 2 tiny tubercles. Intervals flat. Anterior portion of striae 1 with regular row of tiny tubercles.</p> <p>Legs. Femora unarmed, clavate, swollen in middle. Protibiae and mesotibiae curved or straight, not widened at the apex; interior edge arcuate, without teeth in distal portion. Metatibiae interior edge finely serrate. Mucro well developed, thorn-shaped, acute. Setal comb of protibiae consists of 9–10 black setae not extending beyond external edge of tibiae; bevel of metatibiae narrow, surface bare. Tarsi robust; setose pelma well developed; tarsomere 2 triangular, 1.5 x as long as wide; 3 with two wide lobes; tarsomere 5 of metatarsus extending beyond apical lobes of 3rd by length of the last one. Claws connate in basal half.</p> <p>Abdomen. 1st and 2nd ventrites fused but with distinct immovable suture. Posterior margin of 1st ventrite straight. 2nd ventrite 1.5–2 x as long as 3rd one, posterior margin of 2nd ventrite straight. 5th ventrite in male flat, in female weakly convex near the apex; apical edge in male broadly rounded, in female acute.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe parallel-sided, tubular, in apical third evenly narrowed anteriad; apex attenuate, acute, strongly laterally compressed; body 0.7–1.3 x as long as apodemes. Internal sac without spiculate fields, with large, long aggonoporium consisting of two stick-shaped symmetrical lobes connected proximally by transverse bridge and long, slender ventral process. Ostium triangular, moderately sclerotized or absent. Ligulae membranous (transparent) or heavily sclerotized. Tegmen with long parameres, fused at base, basal piece narrow, apodeme 0.75–0.50 x as long as apodemes of median lobe.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Coxites heavily sclerotized, dorso-ventrally curved, with or without (C. mysticus) heavily sclerotized dorsal baculi, evenly covered with pores, without sensilla. Styli well developed, stick-shaped, bearing 1 seta. Spermatheca moderately sclerotized, with short broad ramus, collum. Corpus large, slightly swollen. cornu thick, extended or not extended (C. mysticus) beyond corpus. Tergite 8 subtrapezoid, with curved fringe of multiple, tenuous, short setae at the apex; connecting membrane without sclerotized fields. Sternite 8 thick. Lamella sharply narrowed and acute without setae, knife-shaped, heavily sclerotized; apodeme thick; caput small.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B33214FFE1FFDFFF42AD6BFA3E4C62	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yunakov, Nikolai	Yunakov, Nikolai (2012): 3535. Zootaxa 3535: 1-104
03B33214FFE3FFDEFF42A9EEFBD848E1.text	03B33214FFE3FFDEFF42A9EEFBD848E1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cadoderus bellus (Faust 1896)	<div><p>Cadoderus bellus (Faust)</p> <p>(figs 1, 2, 52–63, 365, 368)</p> <p>Ellimenistes bellus Faust, 1896: 121.</p> <p>Cadoderus bellus. Marshall, 1926: 249, 1940: 40.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Similar to C. weisei sp. n. and C. grebennikovi sp. n.; differs by funicular segments 1–3 occasionally covered with elongate scales or setae, epifrons very narrow, parallel-sided, at level of antennal articulation 2 x narrower than vertex, eyes smaller [FW/ELD: 1.00–1.07 (1.03), in C. weisei 0.67–0.87 (0.80)], metatibiae indistinctly serrate or without teeth on interior edge, 2nd ventrite 1.5 x as long as 3rd one; apex of median lobe acute, strongly laterally compressed. From C. grebennikovi it differs by subocular row consisting of 3–4 (rarely 2) setae (4–6 in C. grebennikovi), metatibiae with small grooming brush of short pale setae; pronotum with brown background and 5 longitudinal (1 discal, 2 dorso-lateral, 2 lateral) light brown stripes, rostrum strongly elongate [RL/RW average: 1.21, in C. grebennikovi 1.15], lateral carinae broadly weakly convex, eyes larger [FW/ELD: 1.00–1.07 (1.03), 1.14–1.43 (1.30) in C. grebennikovi], median lobe shorter than apodemes, apex of median lobe with dorsal process, aggonoporium longer. (figs 59, 97)</p> <p>Redescription.</p> <p>Measurements. BL: 3.44–3.60 (3.52) mm; BW: 1.60–1.90 (1.75) mm; BH: 1.50– 1.74 (1.62) mm.</p> <p>Vestiture. Body densely covered only with overlapping, round scales, setose. Setae of head form rows along lateral edges of epifrons (recumbent or subrecumbent) and above the eyes (erect). Subocular row consists of 3–4 setae. Posterior setal fringe consists of round, plumose, recumbent setae, partly hidden by posterior edge of pronotum. Elytral intervals 1–7 with distinct row of setae. Anterior half of elytra with rather short suberect setae (half as long as interval width), posterior declivity with rather long, strongly erect, thick, acute or truncate spatulate setae (as long as interval width). Ventrites densely squamose. Antennal scape setose and densely squamose; scales round; setae long, slender, acute, and erect. Funicle setose; funicular segments 1–3 with elongate scales. Male metatibiae with small grooming brush; hairs short. Tarsi setose and squamose.</p> <p>Coloration. Background scaling deep-brown; striped pattern formed by green and cupreous scales. Dark and pale scales both with slightly pronounced pearl shine. Head dorsal surface brown, with green stripes around eyes and antennal sockets; anterior portion of epifrons green. Pronotum with deep-brown background scaling and 3 elongate cupreous stripes. Elytra background scaling deep-brown. Intervals 1, 7–11 green. Ventral side of head and pronotum green, meso- and metanotum cupreous. Femora brown-cupreous, proximal portion and ventral surface with green scales. Tibiae external surface cupreous.</p> <p>Head. Rostrum weakly elongate to elongate [RL/RW: 1.11–1.32 (1.21)], parallel-sided. Pterygia not extended beyond contour of rostrum. Lateral carinae broadly weakly convex. Epifrons very narrow, parallel-sided, at the level of antennal articulation 2 x narrower than vertex, distinctly sloping at sides, with convex median carina. Transverse sulcus deep, concealed by dense scaling at dorsal surface and at sides. Anterior portion of epifrons not steep, without median sulcus. Frons not declivous, glabrous, bare. Epistome convex, broad U-shaped, delimited by narrow carina. Eyes large, orbicular, sublateral, moderately convex, highest at the middle [FW/ELD: 1.00–1.07 (1.03)]. Vertex in male narrow, in female broad, flat. Frontal fovea concealed by scales.</p> <p>Antennae. Scape extended behind anterior edge of pronotum, evenly curved and widened. Funicular segment 1 as long as 2nd; 3rd–7th oblong.</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum strongly transverse, evenly slightly convex at sides, slightly constricted at apex, widest at middle [PL/PW: 0.78–0.87 (0.83)]. Disc weakly convex longitudinally and transversally. Tergosternal suture complete. Metanepisternal suture obsolete posteriorly.</p> <p>Elytra. Oval to broadly oval [EL/EW: 1.26–1.37 (1.32)], anterior edge arcuate, vertical, narrowly rounded; disc strongly convex [EL/BH: 1.38–1.47 (1.42)]. Subscutellar callosity hidden by scales, with 2 tiny tubercles. Anterior declivity with regular row of tiny tubercles along the 1st striae.</p> <p>Legs. Protibiae and mesotibiae moderately curved, not widened at the apex. Interior edge C-shaped, without teeth in distal portion. Metatibiae with small teeth on interior edge. Mucro well developed, thorn-shaped, acute. Setal comb of protibiae consists of sparse 9–10 black setae not extending beyond external edge of tibiae. Bevel of metatibiae narrow; its surface bare. Tarsi robust; tarsomere 2 triangular, 1.5 x as long as wide; 3 with two wide lobes; tarsomere 5 of metatarsus extending beyond apical lobes of 3rd by length of the last one.</p> <p>Abdomen. Posterior margin of 1st ventrite straight. 2nd ventrite 1.5 x as long as 3rd one, posterior margin of 2nd ventrite straight. 5th ventrite in male flat, in female weakly convex near the apex; apical edge in male broadly rounded, in female acute.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe parallel-sided, tubular, in apical 1/3 evenly narrowed anteriorly; apex attenuate, acute, strongly laterally compressed; 0.7 x as long as apodemes. Internal sac without spiculate fields, with large, long aggonoporium consisting of two stick-shaped symmetrical lobes connected proximally by transverse bridge and long ventral slender process. Ostium triangular, moderately sclerotized. Ligulae membranous. Parameres long, fused in base, basal piece of tegmen narrow, tegminal apodeme 0.5 x as long as apodemes of median lobe.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Coxites heavily sclerotized dorso-ventrally curved, with heavily sclerotized dorsal baculi, evenly covered with pores, without sensilla. Styli well developed, stick-shaped, bearing 1 seta. Spermatheca moderately sclerotized, with short broad ramus, collum slender, as long as ramus; Corpus large, slightly swollen. cornus thick, extended beyond corpus. Tergite 8 subtrapezoid, with curved fringe of multiple, tenuous, short setae at the apex. Sternite 8 thick. Lamella sharply narrowed and acute, without setae, knife-shaped, heavily sclerotized. Apodeme thick; caput small.</p> <p>Distribution. Tanzania: East Usambara Mountains (figs 365, 368).</p> <p>Bionomics. Submontane and lowland rain forests; 500–1300 m a.s.l. Trees and shrubs, canopy.</p> <p>Type material. Tanzania: Holotype, ♂ (MTD) “ Tanga / Hartmann”, “bellus / Faust”, “Type” [red], “coll. E. Faust / Ankauf 1900”, “Staatl. Museum für Tierkunde Dresden”.</p> <p>Material examined. Tanzania: 1♂ (ZMUC) Tanga reg., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=38.683334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.9833336" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 38.683334/lat -4.9833336)">Kambai Forest Reserve</a>, S4 59 E 38 41, Jan. – March. 1996 “ Frontier Tanzania ” ZMUC; 5♂, 1♀ (ZMUN) TZ-11-103, Tanga Reg., East Usambara Mts., Amani Nature Reserve: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=38.645485&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.09855" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 38.645485/lat -5.09855)">Amani East Forest</a>, S5 05.913 E38 38.729 h = 529 m, lowland rain forest, beating, N.N. Yunakov leg., 26.v.2011; 40♂, 31♀ (ZMUN) TZ11-108, Tanga Reg., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=38.645485&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.09855" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 38.645485/lat -5.09855)">East Usambara Mts.</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=38.645485&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.09855" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 38.645485/lat -5.09855)">Amani Nature Reserve</a>: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=38.645485&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.09855" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 38.645485/lat -5.09855)">Kwamkoro Forest</a>, S5° 08.098' E38° 37.334' h = 869 m, submontane rain forest, beating, N.N. Yunakov leg., 27.v.2011; 1♂ (ZMUN) TZ-11-109, Tanga Reg., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=38.645485&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.09855" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 38.645485/lat -5.09855)">East Usambara Mts.</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=38.645485&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.09855" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 38.645485/lat -5.09855)">Amani Nature Reserve</a>: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=38.645485&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.09855" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 38.645485/lat -5.09855)">Kwamkoro Forest</a>, S5° 08.034' E38° 37.286' h = 863 m, submontane rain forest, beating, N.N. Yunakov leg., 27.v.2011. 1♂ (BMNH) <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=38.645485&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.09855" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 38.645485/lat -5.09855)">Usambara Mts.</a> / Amani / coll. A.H. Ritchie ”, “taken by beating / Coffee foliage”; 1♂ (BMNH) Tanganyika Ty / Amani ii.21 / coll. A.H. Ritchie ”; 1♀ (BMNH) Tanganyika / Amani / 27.x.1935 ”, “ N.L.H. Krauss / B.M. 1952-388”; 1♀ (BMNH) idem 3.xii.1935; 1♀ (BMNH) idem 25.xi.1935; Amani / G.E.A. / Dr. Morstatt ”, G.A.K. Marshall / Coll. / B.M. 1950-255.; 3♂, 4♀, (MNHN) Tanga, Afrique Orientale / Usambara Derema / L. Conradt / 1891, Museum Paris / 1905; 1♂, 7♀, (MNHN) Tanga, Derema / Usambara / vii-xii - 1891, Museum Paris / ex coll. R. Oberthür.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B33214FFE3FFDEFF42A9EEFBD848E1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yunakov, Nikolai	Yunakov, Nikolai (2012): 3535. Zootaxa 3535: 1-104
03B33214FFE5FFD8FF42AAE9FB704EAA.text	03B33214FFE5FFD8FF42AAE9FB704EAA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cadoderus weisei Yunakov 2012	<div><p>Cadoderus weisei Yunakov, sp. n.</p> <p>(figs 64–75, 365, 368)</p> <p>Diagnosis. Very similar to C. bellus, differs from it by funicular segments 1–3 without scales; epifrons wider, at the level of antennal articulation 1.8 x narrower than vertex; eyes larger [FW/ELD: 0.67–0.87 (0.8)]; metatibiae with large teeth on interior edge; 2nd ventrite 2 x as long as 3rd one; apex of median lobe narrowly rounded, not flattened.</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>Measurements. BL: 2.79–3.22 (2.97) mm, BW: 1.34–1.66 (1.44) mm, BH: 1.20–1.52 (1.35) mm.</p> <p>Vestiture. Body densely covered only with overlapping, round scales, setose. Setae of head form rows along lateral edges of epifrons (recumbent or subrecumbent) and above the eyes (erect). Subocular row consists of 3 setae. Elytral intervals 1–7 with distinct row of setae. Anterior half of elytra with rather short suberect setae (half as long as interval width), posterior declivity with rather long, strongly erect, thick, acute or truncate spatulate setae (as long as interval width). Ventrites densely squamose. Antennal scape setose and densely squamose; scales round; setae long, slender, acute, and erect. Funicle setose, funicular segments 1–3 with elongate scales.Male metatibiae with small grooming brush; hairs short. Tarsi setose and squamose.</p> <p>Coloration. Background scaling deep-brown; striped pattern formed by green and cupreous scales. Dark and pale scales both with slightly pronounced pearl shine. Head dorsal surface brown, with green stripes around eyes and antennal sockets; anterior portion of epifrons green. Pronotum with deep-brown background scaling and 3 elongate cupreous stripes. Elytra background scaling deep-brown. Intervals 1, 7–11 green. Ventral side of head and pronotum green, meso- and metanotum cupreous. Femora brown-cupreous, proximal portion and ventral surface with green scales. Tibiae external surface cupreous.</p> <p>Head. Rostrum weakly elongate [RL/RW: 1.14–1.17 (1.16)], parallel-sided. Pterygia not extended beyond contour of rostrum. Lateral carinae broadly weakly convex. Epifrons very narrow, parallel-sided, at the level of antennal articulation 2 x narrower than vertex, distinctly sloping at sides, with convex median carina. Transverse sulcus deep, concealed by dense scaling at dorsal surface and at sides. Anterior portion of epifrons not steep, without median sulcus. Frons horizontal, glabrous, bare. Epistome convex, broad U-shaped, delimited by narrow carina. Eyes large, orbicular, sublateral, moderately convex, highest at the middle [FW/ELD: 0.67–0.87 (0.80)]. Vertex broad, flat. Frontal fovea concealed by scales.</p> <p>Antennae. Scape extended behind anterior edge of pronotum, evenly curved and widened. 1st funicular segment as long as 2nd 3rd–7th oblong.</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum strongly transverse [PL/PW: 0.79–0.84 (0.81)], evenly slightly convex at sides, constricted at apex, widest at middle. Disc weakly convex longitudinally and transversally. Tergosternal suture complete. Metanepisternal suture obsolete posteriorly.</p> <p>Elytra. Broadly-ovate [EL/EW: 1.26–1.34 (1.31)], anterior edge arcuate, vertical, narrowly rounded; disc strongly convex [EL/BH: 1.38–1.50 (1.44)]. Subscutellar callosity hidden by scales, with 2 tiny tubercles. Intervals flat. Anterior portion of 1st striae with regular row of tiny tubercles.</p> <p>Legs. Protibiae and mesotibiae curved, not widened at the apex. Interior edge C-shaped without teeth in distal portion. Metatibiae with small teeth on interior edge. Mucro well developed, thorn-shaped, acute. Setal comb of protibiae consists of sparse 9–10 black setae not extending beyond external edge of tibiae. Bevel of metatibiae narrowly enclosed; its surface bare. Tarsi robust; tarsomere 2 elongate, 1.5 x as long as wide; tarsomere 3 with two wide lobes; tarsomere 5 of metatarsus extending beyond apical lobes of 3rd by length of the last one.</p> <p>Abdomen. Posterior margin of 1st ventrite straight. 2nd ventrite 2 x as long as 3rd one, posterior margin of 2nd ventrite straight. 5th ventrite in male flat, in female weakly convex near the apex; apical edge in male broadly rounded, in female acute.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe parallel-sided, tubular, in apical 1/3 evenly narrowed anteriorly; apex attenuate, narrowly rounded; 0.7 x as long as apodeme. Internal sac without spiculate fields, with large, long aggonoporium consisting of two stick-shaped symmetrical lobes connected proximally by transverse bridge and long ventral slender process. Ostium triangular, moderately sclerotized. Ligulae membranous. Parameres long, fused in base, basal piece of tegmen narrow, tegminal apodeme 0.5 x as long as apodemes of median lobe.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Coxites heavily sclerotized dorso-ventrally curved, with heavily sclerotized dorsal baculi, evenly covered with pores, without sensilla. Styli well developed, stick-shaped, bearing 1 seta. Spermatheca moderately sclerotized, with short broad ramus, collum slender, as long as ramus. Corpus large, slightly swollen. cornus thick, extended beyond corpus. Tergite 8 subtrapezoid, with curved fringe of multiple, tenuous, short setae at the apex. Sternite 8 thick. Lamella sharply narrowed and acute, without setae, knife-shaped, heavily sclerotized; apodeme thick; caput small.</p> <p>Distribution. Tanzania: West Usambara Mountains (Kwai) (Figs 365, 368).</p> <p>Bionomics. Unknown.</p> <p>Material examined. Tanzania: Holotype, ♂, dissected (MTD) “Kwai, Weise”; Paratypes. 1♂, 1♀, (MTD) labeled as holotype; 1♀ (DEI) “Usambara”; “ Ellimenistes / bellus Fst.; “coll. Pape ”; “ Cadoderus / bellus Fst. / Hustache det.”</p> <p>Etymology. The name is dedicated to the collector Paul Weise, a son of famous German coleopterologist Julius Weise, in recognition of his contribution to the knowledge of beetles of the Usambara Mountains.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B33214FFE5FFD8FF42AAE9FB704EAA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yunakov, Nikolai	Yunakov, Nikolai (2012): 3535. Zootaxa 3535: 1-104
03B33214FFE4FFDBFF42A839FAD14CF7.text	03B33214FFE4FFDBFF42A839FAD14CF7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cadoderus burundi Yunakov 2012	<div><p>Cadoderus burundi Yunakov, sp.n.</p> <p>(figs 9, 10, 76–87, 365)</p> <p>Diagnosis. This species is very similar to C. olivaceus sp. n. and C. grebennikovi sp. n.; differs by very short erect setae on elytral intervals: anterior declivity with setae up to a third of interval width (in C. olivaceus sp. n. and C. grebennikovi sp. n. —0.5). From C. bellus it differs by setae of elytral intervals 1–6 subrecumbent and very short (a third to half as long as interval width); genae bare, with oblique stripes of green scales; background coloration of body dorsal surface brownish-olivaceous; pale stripes of elytral intevals 2 and 4 interrupted at disk; eyes smaller and strongly convex [FW/ELD: 1.36–1.5 (1.43)].</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>Measurements. BL: 3.55–3.92 (3.69) mm; BW: 1.87–1.97 (1.93) mm; BH: 1.62–1.82 (1.73) mm.</p> <p>Vestiture. Body densely covered only with overlapping, round scales, setose. Setae of head form rows along lateral edges of epifrons (recumbent or subrecumbent) and above the eyes (erect). Subocular row consists of 4 setae. Temples with broad bare stripe. Elytral intervals 1–6 with distinct row of subrecumbent setae. Anterior half of elytra with rather short setae (one third as long as interval width), posterior declivity with rather long, erect, thick, truncate spatulate setae (half as long as interval width). Genae bare, with oblique green stripes, occasionally densely squamulate. Ventrites densely squamose, anal ventrite with apical setal comb. Antennal scape setose and densely squamose; scales round; setae long, slender, acute, and erect. Funicle setose, funicular segments 1–3 with elongate scales Metatibiae with small grooming brush; hairs short. Tarsi setose and squamose.</p> <p>Coloration. Background scaling brownish-olivaceous; striped pattern formed by green and cupreous scales. Dark and pale scales both with slightly pronounced pearl shine. Head dorsal surface brown, with green stripes around eyes and antennal sockets; temples, anterior portion of epifrons, and pterygia green. Pronotum with deepbrown background scaling and 3 longitudinal cupreous stripes (fused; sides with green scales. Elytra background scaling brown. Intervals 1, 5–7 (subdeclivital portion), 9–11 green. Discal portion of intervals 1–3 brown, declivital portion grayish-cupreous. Occasionally anterior portion of intervals 2–6 with alternate brown and gray striped pattern. Ventral side of head (except for hls-ptp callosity) and pronotum green, meso- and metapleura cupreous. Femora brown-cupreous, proximal portion and ventral surface with green scales. Tibiae external surface cupreous or greenish-cupreous.</p> <p>Head. Rostrum weakly elongate to elongate [RL/RW: 1.11–1.22 (1.17)], parallel-sided. Pterygia not extended beyond contour of rostrum. Lateral carinae scarselly convex. Epifrons very narrow, parallel-sided, at the level of antennal articulation 2.8–3 x narrower than vertex, distinctly sloping at sides, with convex median carina. Transverse sulcus deep, concealed by dense scaling at dorsal surface and at sides. Anterior portion of epifrons not steep, without median sulcus. Frons horizontal, glabrous, bare. Epistome convex, broadly arcuate, delimited by narrow carina. Eyes small, broadly oval, sublateral, strongly convex, highest at the middle [FW/ELD: 1.36–1.50 (1.43)]. Vertex broad, flat. Frontal fovea concealed by scales.</p> <p>Antennae. Scape extended behind anterior edge of pronotum, evenly curved and widened. funicular segment 1 as long as 2nd; 3rd–7th oblong.</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum strongly transverse, evenly slightly convex at sides, constricted at apex, widest at middle [PL/PW: 0.80–0.81 (0.81)]. Disc weakly convex longitudinally and transversally. Tergosternal and Metanepisternal sutures concealed by scales. Metanepisternal suture obsolete posteriorly.</p> <p>Elytra. Oval to broadly-oval [EL/EW: 1.20–1.33 (1.26)], anterior edge arcuate, vertical, narrowly rounded; disc strongly convex [EL/BH: 1.34–1.45 (1.41)]. Subscutellar callosity hidden by scales, with 2 tiny tubercles. Elytral intervals flat. Anterior portion of 1st striae with regular row of tiny tubercles.</p> <p>Legs. Protibiae and mesotibiae moderately curved, not widened at the apex. Interior edge C-shaped, without teeth in distal portion. Metatibiae with small teeth on interior edge. Mucro well developed, thorn-shaped, acute. Setal comb of protibiae consists of sparse 8–9 black setae not extending beyond external edge of tibiae; bevel of metatibiae narrowly enclosed; its surface bare. Tarsi robust; tarsomere 2 triangular, 1.5 x as long as wide; tarsomere 3 with two wide lobes; tarsomere 5 of metatarsus extending beyond apical lobes of 3rd by length of the last one.</p> <p>Abdomen. Posterior margin of 1st ventrite straight. 2nd ventrite 1.5 x as long as 3rd one, posterior margin of 2nd ventrite straight. 5th ventrite weakly convex near the apex; apical edge acute.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Male unknown.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Coxites heavily sclerotized dorso-ventrally curved, with heavily sclerotized dorsal baculi, evenly covered with pores, without sensilla. Styli well developed, stick-shaped, bearing 1 seta. Spermatheca moderately sclerotized, with oblong, thick ramus; collum slender, as long as ramus; corpus large, slightly swollen. cornus thick, extended beyond corpus. Tergite 8 subtrapezoid, with sparse arcuate setal fringe; setae tenuous, short. Sternite 8 thick. Lamella sharply narrowed and acute, without setae, knife-shaped, heavily sclerotized. Apodeme thick; caput small.</p> <p>Distribution. Burundi (Ruvube River) (Fig. 365).</p> <p>Bionomics. Unknown.</p> <p>Material examined. Burundi: Holotype, ♀, dissected (TAU) “102673 BURUNDI / Muyinga Province, / <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=30.466667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.9833333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 30.466667/lat -2.9833333)">Ruvube Nat. Park</a> / 2° 59'S 30° 28'E / 1350m 31.i.2011 / A. Freidberg ”. Paratypes 2♀, (TAU, ZMUN) labeled as holotype, 1 female dissected.</p> <p>Etymology. The name is a noun and refers to the Burundi, a country in Central Africa, where this species occurs.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B33214FFE4FFDBFF42A839FAD14CF7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yunakov, Nikolai	Yunakov, Nikolai (2012): 3535. Zootaxa 3535: 1-104
03B33214FFE7FFDAFF43A983FC9B49C1.text	03B33214FFE7FFDAFF43A983FC9B49C1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cadoderus grebennikovi Yunakov 2012	<div><p>Cadoderus grebennikovi Yunakov, sp. n.</p> <p>(figs 5–6, 88–101, 365)</p> <p>Diagnosis. Similar to C. bellus and C. olivaceus sp. n. From C. bellus this new species differs by subocular row consisting of 4–6 setae (in C. bellus 3–4 (rarely 2) setae); metatibiae with large grooming brush; hairs long; pronotum with deep-brown background and 5 longitudinal (1 discal, 2 dorso-lateral 2 lateral) green stripes; rostrum weakly elongate [RL/RW average: 1.15; in C. bellus —1.21], lateral carinae broadly strongly convex; eyes smaller [FW/ELD: 1.14–1.43 (1.30)]; median lobe longer than apodeme; apex of median lobe without dorsal process; aggonoporium shorter. From C. olivaceus sp. n. and C. burundi sp. n. it differs by metatibial grooming brush consisting of long hairs; background color of body vestiture deep-brown, strongly developed green striation of pronotum and elytra; pronotum rather transverse [PL/PW: 0.77–0.78 (0.775)].</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>Measurements. BL: 2.92–3.61 (3.30) mm, BW: 1.30–1.76 (1.58) mm, BH: 1.28–1.68 (1.51) mm.</p> <p>Vestiture. Body densely covered only with overlapping, round scales, setose. Setae of head form oblique rows along lateral edges of epifrons (recumbent or subrecumbent) and above the eyes (erect). Subocular row consists of 4–6 setae. Temples with broad bare stripe. Posterior setal fringe consists of round, recumbent, plumose setae, not hidden by posterior edge of pronotum. Elytral intervals 1–6 with distinct row of setae. Anterior half of elytra with rather short suberect setae (half as long as interval width), posterior declivity with rather long, strongly erect, thick, acute or truncate spatulate setae (as long as interval width). Ventrites densely squamose, anal ventrite with apical setal comb. Antennal scape setose and densely squamose; scales round; setae long, slender, acute, and erect. Funicle setose, without scales. Metatibiae with large grooming brush; hairs long. Tarsi setose and squamose.</p> <p>Coloration. Background scaling deep-brown; striped pattern formed by green scales. Dark and pale scales both with slightly pronounced pearl shine. Head dorsal surface brown, with green stripes around eyes and antennal sockets; temples, anterior portion of epifrons, and pterygia green. Pronotum with deep-brown background scaling and 5 longitudinal (1 discal, 2 dorso-lateral 2 lateral) green stripes. Elytra background scaling deep-brown. Intervals 1, 3, 5, 7–11 green. Stripes on intervals 3 and 5 interrupted. Intervals 2, 4, 6 with scattered green scales. Genae, meso-and metapleura green; meso- and metasternum and abdomen cupreous. Femora browncupreous, middle portion with oblique deep-brown bands. Tibiae external surface grayish-cupreous.</p> <p>Head. Rostrum weakly elongate [RL/RW: 1.13–1.19 (1.15)], parallel-sided. Pterygia not extended beyond contour of rostrum. Lateral carinae broadly strongly convex. Epifrons significantly narrowed from base to the level of antennal socket, than sharply sinuate, at the level of antennal articulation 2 x narrower than vertex, distinctly sloping at sides, with distinct median carina. Transverse sulcus deep, concealed by dense scaling at dorsal surface and at sides. Anterior portion of epifrons not steep, without median sulcus. Frons not declivous, glabrous, bare. Epistome convex, broadly arcuate, delimited by narrow carina. Eyes sublateral, broadly oval, moderately convex, highest at the middle [FW/ELD: 1.14–1.43 (1.30)]. Vertex broad, flat. Frontal fovea concealed by scales.</p> <p>Antennae. Scape extended behind anterior edge of pronotum, evenly curved and widened. Funicular segment 1 as long as 2nd; 3rd–7th oblong.</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum strongly transverse [PL/PW: 0.77–0.78 (0.78)], evenly slightly convex at sides, constricted at apex, widest at middle. Disc weakly convex longitudinally and transversally. Tergosternal suture concealed by scales. Metanepisternal suture concealed by scales, obsolete behind.</p> <p>Elytra. Elytra broadly-ovate [EL/EW: 1.32–1.40 (1.36)], in male oval; anterior edge arcuate, vertical narrowly rounded; disc in male not convex, in female strongly convex [EL/BH: 1.40–1.43 (1.42)]. Subscutellar callosity interrupted, partly hidden by scales, with 2 tiny tubercles. Elytral intervals flat. Anterior portion of 1st striae with regular row of tiny tubercles.</p> <p>Legs. Protibiae and mesotibiae strongly curved, not widened at the apex. Interior edge C-shaped, without teeth in distal portion. Metatibiae with small teeth. Mucro on meso- and metatibiae large, thorn-shaped, acute. Setal comb of protibiae consists of dense 10–14 black short setae weakly extending beyond external edge of tibiae. Bevel of metatibiae narrowly enclosed; its surface bare. Tarsi robust; tarsomere 2 triangular, as long as wide; tarsomere 3 with two wide lobes; tarsomere 5 of metatarsus extending beyond apical lobes of 3rd by length of the last one.</p> <p>Abdomen. Posterior margin of 1st ventrite straight. 2nd ventrite 1.5 x as long as 3rd one, posterior margin of 2nd ventrite straight. 5th ventrite in male flat, in female weakly convex near the apex; apical edge in male broadly rounded, in female acute.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe parallel-sided, lateral edges not fused, not tubular, in apical 1/3 evenly narrowed anteriorly; apex attenuate, acute, strongly laterally compressed; 1.3 x as long as apodeme. Internal sac without spiculate fields, with large, long aggonoporium consisting of two stick-shaped symmetrical lobes connected proximally by transverse bridge and long ventral thick process. Ostium absent. Ligulae sclerotized. Parameres long, fused in base, basal piece of tegmen narrow, tegminal apodeme 0.75 x as long as apodemes of median lobe.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Coxites heavily sclerotized dorso-ventrally curved, with heavily sclerotized dorsal baculi, evenly covered with pores, without sensilla. Styli well developed, stick-shaped, bearing 1 seta. Spermatheca moderately sclerotized, with short broad ramus, collum slender, as long as ramus. Corpus large, slender; cornus thick, extended beyond corpus. Tergite 8 subtrapezoid, with curved fringe of tenuous multiple long setae at the apex. Sternite 8 thick. Lamella sharply narrowed and acute, without setae, knife-shaped, heavily sclerotized. Apodeme thick; caput small.</p> <p>Distribution. Tanzania: Nguru Mountains (Fig. 365).</p> <p>Bionomics. Montane rain forests.</p> <p>Material examined. Tanzania: Holotype ♂, dissected (CNC) “ Tanzania, Morogoro Reg., Nguru Mts. at <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.53&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-6.1066666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.53/lat -6.1066666)">Turani</a>, h = 1236 m 06°06'24''S, 037°31'48''E, sifting05, V. Grebennikov leg., 03.XI.2010 ”. Paratypes: 2♀ (CNC) labeled as holotype.</p> <p>Etymology. The name is dedicated to the coleopterologist Vasily Grebennikov (CNC) in recognition of his contribution to the knowledge of weevils of the East Africa.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B33214FFE7FFDAFF43A983FC9B49C1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yunakov, Nikolai	Yunakov, Nikolai (2012): 3535. Zootaxa 3535: 1-104
03B33214FFE6FFC4FF42AC8DFC094D3F.text	03B33214FFE6FFC4FF42AC8DFC094D3F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cadoderus olivaceus Yunakov 2012	<div><p>Cadoderus olivaceus Yunakov, sp. n.</p> <p>(figs 7, 8, 102–113, 365)</p> <p>Diagnosis. Similar to C. grebennikovi sp. n. and C. bellus. From C. grebennikovi sp. n. it differs by subocular row consisting of 4 setae; anterior and posterior elytral declivity with equally strongly erect setae; 2nd -3rd funicular segments with scattered scales; metatibiae with vestigial grooming brush; background scaling olivaceous; antennal funicle slender (1st funicular segment 1.42 x as long as 2nd; elytra rather broad and convex EL/EW average: 1.31, EL/BH average: 1.50 (in C. grebennikovi sp. n. —1.36 and 1.42 respectively); median lobe tubular, in apical 1/3 sharply narrowed anteriorly, apex attenuate, narrowly rounded; 0.75 x as long as apodeme. From C. bellus this new species differs by absence of alternate stripped pattern of elytral intervals 3–6; 1st funicular segment1.42 x as long as 3rd; median lobe apex of median lobe without dorsal process; spermatheca with rather long ramus.</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>Measurements. BL: 2.86–3.57 (3.15) mm, BW: 1.45–1.87 (1.61) mm, BH: 1.30–1.62 (1.41) mm.</p> <p>Vestiture. Body densely covered only with overlapping, round scales, setose. Setae of head form oblique rows along lateral edges of epifrons (recumbent or subrecumbent) and above the eyes (erect). Subocular row consists of 4 setae. Temples with broad bare stripe. Posterior setal fringe consists of round, recumbent, plumose setae, not hidden by posterior edge of pronotum. Elytral intervals 1–6 with distinct row of setae. Anterior and posterior declivity with equally strongly erect, acute or truncate spatulate setae. Anterior declivity with setae half as long as interval width), posterior declivity with rather long, with setae as long as interval width. Ventrites densely squamose, anal ventrite with apical setal comb. Antennal scape setose and densely squamose; scales round; setae long, slender, acute, and erect. Funicle setose, 2nd–3rd funicular segments with scattered scales. Metatibiae with vestigial grooming brush; hairs short and almost recumbent. Tarsi setose and scarcely squamose.</p> <p>Coloration. Integument of body brown to deep-brown; limbs deep-brown. Background scaling olivaceous; striped pattern formed by green scales. Dark and pale scales both with slightly pronounced pearl shine. Head dorsal surface olivaceous, with green stripes around eyes and antennal sockets; temples, anterior portion of epifrons, and pterygia green. Pronotum with 5 longitudinal green stripes. (1 discal and 2 dorso-lateral stripes narrow, pale; 2 lateral stripes broad and bright. Elytra background scaling olivaceous. Intervals 1, 5, 6 (posterior half), 7–11 green. Presutural stripes occasionally interrupted. Intervals 2 and 3 with green scales (at posterior declivity). Ventral side including genae, meso-and metapleura green; meso- and metasternum and abdomen green. Femora greyish-green, middle portion with oblique deep-grey-brown bands. Tibiae external surface grayish-cupreous.</p> <p>Head. Rostrum weakly elongate [RL/RW: 1.16–1.20 (1.18)], parallel-sided. Pterygia not extended beyond contour of rostrum. Lateral carinae broadly strongly convex. Epifrons significantly narrowed from base to the level of antennal socket, than sharply sinuate, at the level of antennal articulation 2 x narrower than vertex, distinctly sloping at sides, with distinct median carina. Transverse sulcus deep, concealed by dense scaling at dorsal surface and at sides. Anterior portion of epifrons not steep, without median sulcus. Frons not declivous, glabrous, bare. Epistome convex, broadly arcuate, delimited by narrow carina. Eyes sublateral, broadly oval, moderately convex, highest at the middle [FW/ELD: 1.18–1.25 (1.21)]. Vertex broad, flat. Frontal fovea concealed by scales.</p> <p>Antennae. Scape extended behind anterior edge of pronotum, evenly curved and widened. 1st funicular segment 1.42 x as long as 2nd; 3rd–7th oblong. Club spindle-shaped.</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum strongly transverse [PL/PW: 0.82–0.83 (0.83)], evenly slightly convex at sides, constricted at apex, widest at middle. Disc weakly convex longitudinally and transversally. Tergosternal suture concealed by scales. Metanepisternal suture concealed by scales, obsolete behind.</p> <p>Elytra. Elytra broadly-ovate [EL/EW: 1.27–1.34 (1.31)], in male oval; anterior edge arcuate, vertical narrowly rounded; disc in male not convex, in female strongly convex [EL/BH: 1.46–1.54 (1.5)]. Subscutellar callosity interrupted, partly hidden by scales, with 2 tiny tubercles. Elytral intervals flat. Anterior portion of 1st striae with regular row of tiny tubercles.</p> <p>Legs. Protibiae and mesotibiae strongly curved, not widened at the apex. Interior edge C-shaped, without teeth in distal portion. Metatibiae with small teeth. Mucro on meso- and metatibiae large, thorn-shaped, acute. Setal comb of protibiae consists of dense 10–11 black or deep brown short setae not extending beyond external edge of tibiae. Bevel of metatibiae narrowly enclosed; its surface bare. Tarsi robust; tarsomere 2 triangular, as long as wide; tarsomere 3 with two wide lobes; tarsomere 5 of metatarsus extending beyond apical lobes of 3rd by length of the last one.</p> <p>Abdomen. Posterior margin of 1st ventrite straight. 2nd ventrite 1.5 x as long as 3rd one, posterior margin of 2nd ventrite straight. 5th ventrite in male flat, in female weakly convex near the apex; apical edge in male broadly rounded, in female acute.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe parallel-sided, lateral edges not fused, tubular, in apical 1/3 sharply narrowed anteriorly; apex attenuate, narrowly rounded; 0.75 x as long as apodeme. Internal sac without spiculate fields, with large, long aggonoporium consisting of two stick-shaped symmetrical lobes connected proximally by transverse bridge and long ventral thick process. Ostium absent. Ligulae heavily sclerotized. Parameres long, fused in base, basal piece of tegmen narrow, tegminal apodeme 0.75 x as long as apodemes of median lobe.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Coxites heavily sclerotized dorso-ventrally curved, with heavily sclerotized dorsal baculi, evenly covered with pores, without sensilla. Styli well developed, stick-shaped, bearing 1 seta. Spermatheca moderately sclerotized, with oblong, thick ramus, collum slender, as long as ramus. Corpus large, slender; cornus thick, extended beyond corpus. Tergite 8 subtrapezoid, with curved fringe of tenuous multiple long setae at the apex. Sternite 8 thick. Lamella sharply narrowed and acute, without setae, knife-shaped, heavily sclerotized. Apodeme thick; caput small.</p> <p>Distribution. Tanzania: Uzigua Forest; Nguru Mountains (Fig. 365).</p> <p>Bionomics. Montane rain forests.</p> <p>Material examined. Tanzania: Holotype male, dissected (MNHN) “ Zanguebar / Mhonde Ouziguua / A. Hacquard Mis. ap. / 1879. 1ar Trim”, Museum Paris / ex. Coll. Oberthür / 1952”. Paratypes: 4♀, labeled as holotype, 1 female dissected; 1♀ (CNC) Morogoro Reg., Nguru Mts. at <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.538612&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-6.0747223" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.538612/lat -6.0747223)">Turani</a>, h = 1277 m 06°04'29''S, 037°32'19''E, sifting03, V. Grebennikov leg., 31.x.2010.</p> <p>Etymology. The name is a Latin adjective meaning “olivaceous”.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B33214FFE6FFC4FF42AC8DFC094D3F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yunakov, Nikolai	Yunakov, Nikolai (2012): 3535. Zootaxa 3535: 1-104
03B33214FFF8FFC7FF42A8CBFCCA4AB5.text	03B33214FFF8FFC7FF42A8CBFCCA4AB5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cadoderus mysticus (Faust 1900)	<div><p>Cadoderus mysticus (Faust)</p> <p>(figs 3, 4, 114–128, 365, 368)</p> <p>Ellimenistes mysticus Faust, 1900: 326, Lona (1937: 353). Cadoderus mysticus. Marshall (1952: 263).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Differs from all other species of the genus by antennal scape without scales; tarsi setose, without scales; elytra with pale transverse band on declivity and scattered deep-brown unclear spots on intervals 1, 2, 4, 6; green scales scattered; Ventral side of head and pronotum grey; transverse sulcus of rostrum not concealed by scales; epistome fused with frons in frontoepistome, not delimited by carina, coarsely punctate; tergosternal suture of mesothorax obsolete; elytra cordate; elytral disc weakly convex; apex of median lobe with dorsal tooth-shaped process; coxites heavily sclerotized, not curved dorso-ventrally, without heavily sclerotized dorsal baculi; cornus of spermatheca thick, not extended beyond corpus.</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>Measurements. BL f: 3.61–4.11 (3.91) mm, BW f: 1.90–2.22 (2.09) mm, BH f: 1.60–1.74 (1.68) mm.</p> <p>Vestiture. Body densely covered with serried and feebly overlapping, round scales, setose. Subgenae and genae sparsely squamose. Temples with bare longitudinal field posteriorly of eyes. Setae of head slender forming rows along lateral edges of epifrons (recumbent or subrecumbent) and above the eyes (erect). Subocular row consists of 2–4 setae. Posterior setal fringe consists of round plumose setae, not hidden by posterior edge of pronotum. Elytral intervals 1–7 with distinct row of recumbent or subrecumbent slender setae (half as long as interval width). Ventrites sparsely squamose. Antennal scape and funicle sparsely setose; setae long, slender, acute, and suberect. Funicle setose, without scales. Femora and tibiae external and internal surfaces covered with serried scales and subrecumbent setae; setae on legs slender, acute. Male metatibiae with wide grooming brush; hairs long. Tarsi setose.</p> <p>Coloration. Background scaling brown; spotted pattern formed by deep-brown, green and cupreous scales. Dark and pale scales both with slightly pronounced pearl shine. Head dorsal surface brown without stripes. Subgenae and genae green. Pronotum with deep-brown background scaling and 3 longitudinal cupreous unclear stripes. Elytra background scaling brown. Interval 1, 9–11 with scattered green scales. Declivity with pale transverse band. Intervals 1, 2, 4, 6 with scattered deep-brown unclear spots, 7–11 green. Ventral side grey. Femora brown, metafemora in distal portion with oblique cupreous band. Tibiae external surface brownish-cupreous.</p> <p>Head. Rostrum weakly elongate [RL/RW: 1.25–1.31 (1.27)], almost parallel-sided. Pterygia weakly extended beyond contour of rostrum. Lateral carinae weakly convex. Epifrons narrow, parallel-sided, at the level of antennal articulation 1.8 x narrower than vertex, distinctly sloping at sides, with convex median carina. Transverse sulcus deep, not concealed entirely by dense scaling at dorsal surface and at sides. Anterior portion of epifrons not steep, with distinct median sulcus. Epistome fused with frons in fronto-epistome, triangular or U-shaped, strongly convex, bare, coarsely punctate, its posterior margian reaches the antennal articulation level. Eyes large, orbicular, sublateral, moderately convex, highest at the middle [FW/ELD: 0.67–0.87 (0.80)]. Vertex narrow, flat. Frontal fovea deep, furrow-shaped, not concealed by scales.</p> <p>Antennae. Scape extended behind anterior edge of pronotum, evenly curved and widened distally. Funicular segment 1 as long as 2nd; 3rd–7th oblong</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum strongly transverse [PL/PW: 0.71–0.73 (0.72)], evenly slightly convex at sides, constricted at apex, pronotum widest in posterior half. Disc weakly convex longitudinally and transversally, with 2 shallow sublateral depressions. Tergosternal suture obsolete. Metanepisternal suture obsolete.</p> <p>Elytra. Cordate, anterior declivity arcuate, abrupt, sharpen; anterior portion of disc sharply sloped [EL/EW: 1.00–1.26 (1.15)]; disc slightly convex [EL/BH: 1.50–1.61 (1.56)]. Subscutellar callosity entirely hidden by scales, with 2 tiny tubercles. Elytral intervals flat. Anterior portion of 1st striae with regular row of tiny tubercles.</p> <p>Legs. Protibiae and mesotibiae straight, not widened at the apex. Interior edge distinctly C-shaped, with small teeth in distal portion. Metatibiae with large teeth on interior edge. Mucro well developed, thorn-shaped, acute. Setal comb of protibiae consists of sparse 12–14 black setae distinctly extending beyond external edge of tibiae. Bevel of metatibiae narrowly enclosed; its surface bare. Tarsi robust; tarsomere 2 elongate, 1.5 x as long as wide; tarsomere 3 with two wide lobes; tarsomere 5 of metatarsus extending beyond apical lobes of 3rd by length of the last one.</p> <p>Abdomen. Posterior margin of 1st ventrite straight. 2nd ventrite 1.5 x as long as 3rd one, posterior margin of 2nd ventrite straight. 5th ventrite in male flat, in female strongly transversally depressed near the apex; apical edge in male broadly rounded, in female acute.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe parallel-sided, tubular, in apical 1/4 sharply narrowed anteriorly; apex attenuate, acute, strongly laterally compressed with distinct dorsal tooth, as long as apodeme. Internal sac without spiculate fields, with large, long aggonoporium consisting of two stick-shaped symmetrical lobes connected proximally by transverse bridge and long proximal-ventral process. Ostium absent. Ligulae membranous heavily sclerotized. Parameres long, fused in base, basal piece of tegmen narrow, tegminal apodeme 0.5 x as long as apodemes of median lobe.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Coxites heavily sclerotized, not curved dorso-ventrally, without heavily sclerotized dorsal baculi, evenly covered with pores, without sensilla. Styli well developed, stick-shaped, bearing 1 seta. Spermatheca moderately sclerotized, with short broad ramus, collum slender, as long as ramus. Corpus large, slightly swollen. cornus thick, not extended beyond corpus. Tergite 8 subtrapezoid, with straight fringe of multiple, tenuous, short setae at the apex. Sternite 8 thick. Lamella sharply narrowed and acute, without setae, knife-shaped, heavily sclerotized. Apodeme thick; caput small.</p> <p>Distribution. Tanzania: West Usambara (Kwai) (figs 365, 368).</p> <p>Bionomics. Unknown.</p> <p>Type material examined. Lectotype female, here designated, dissected (MTD) gold square, “Kwai, Weise [handwritten]”/ “ mysticus Faust, [handwritten]” /coll. J. Faust, Ankauf 1900 [blue, printed]/ Typus [red, printed] / LECTOTYPUS, Ellimenistes mysticus Fst., Dr. E. Haaf, 1961; “ LECTOTYPUS / Ellimenistes / mysticus Fst. / Yunakov des., 2011”. Paralectotypes: 2♀ (MTD): gold square, “Kwai, Weise [handwritten]”/ “ mysticus Faust, [handwritten]” /coll. J. Faust, Ankauf 1900 [blue, printed]/Typus [red, printed]/ PARATYPOID/ Ellimenistes / mysticus Fst. / Dr. E. Haaf, 1961; “ PARALECTOTYPUS / Ellimenistes / mysticus Fst. / Yunakov des., 2011”.</p> <p>Note. Previous lectotype designation by E. Haaf was apparently not published.</p> <p>Additional material examined. Tanzania: 1♂ (DEI) “Usambara”/ “coll. Pape ”/ “ Cadoderus mysticus Fst., Hustache det.”; 1♂ (DEI) “Usambara/ P. Weise ”; “coll. Kraatz ”.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B33214FFF8FFC7FF42A8CBFCCA4AB5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yunakov, Nikolai	Yunakov, Nikolai (2012): 3535. Zootaxa 3535: 1-104
03B33214FFFBFFC7FF42AC41FE084880.text	03B33214FFFBFFC7FF42AC41FE084880.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sphrigodellus Marshall	<div><p>Sphrigodellus Marshall</p> <p>Marshall, 1942: 19. Type species: Barianus centralis Hustache, 1929, by original designation.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Very similar to Cadoderus Fst., differing from it in the following characters: subocular row consists of 5–8 (rarely 2) setae; basisternum sparsely squamose, mesobasisternum bare or entirely squamose (scales lepidiform); epistome linear, transverse, vestigial, delimited by hardly visible, narrow carina; pronotum with (rarely without) anterior transverse setal fringe; posterior setal fringe consists of spatulate setae, entirely or partly hidden by posterior edge of pronotum; ventrites with scattered scales and short hairs; antennifers half-visible; frons vertical; 1st funicular segment more or less longer than 2nd; pronotum transverse or as long as wide [PL/PW: 0.81–1.00]; aggonoporium consisting of two stick-shaped lobes connected proximally by transverse bridge, without ventral process.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B33214FFFBFFC7FF42AC41FE084880	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yunakov, Nikolai	Yunakov, Nikolai (2012): 3535. Zootaxa 3535: 1-104
03B33214FFFDFFC0FF42A8F1FAAF4906.text	03B33214FFFDFFC0FF42A8F1FAAF4906.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sphrigodellus lepidus (Marshall 1940)	<div><p>Sphrigodellus lepidus (Marshall)</p> <p>(figs 31, 32, 129–147, 365)</p> <p>Cadoderus lepidus Marshall, 1940: 39. Sphrigodellus lepidus. Marshall (1942: 19).</p> <p>Diagnosis. This species is very similar to S. usambaricus sp. n., differs from it by absence of green scales on head, sides of pronotum, and 1st interval of elytra; epifrons sides with row of rather erect scales; elytral intervals 2, 4, 6 (in S. usambaricus sp. n. —1–6) with distinct row of setae; intervals 1, 3, 5, 7–10 without setae (in S. usambaricus intervals 1, 3, 5 with sparse setal row); antennal funicle without scales; rostrum with 6 (in S. usambaricus sp. n. —8–10) epistomal setae; anterior setal fringe consists of 8 (4+4) suberect setae (in S. usambaricus sp. n. —12 (4+2+2+4)); epifrons at the level of antennal articulation 1.66 x as wide as vertex (in S. usambaricus sp. n. —1.5 x); antennal scape sharply widened apically; funicular segments 6–7 as long as wide (in S. usambaricus sp. n. —1.5 x as long as wide); FW/ELD average: 1.50 (in S. usambaricus sp. n. —1.14); median lobe as long as apodeme (in S. usambaricus sp. n. —0.7 x shorter); shape of aggonoporium (fig. 144).</p> <p>Redescription.</p> <p>Measurements. BL: 2.82–3.75 (3.15), BW: 1.50–1.87 (1.61), BH: 1.25–1.60 (1.39).</p> <p>Vestiture. Body densely covered with overlapping, round, concave scales; setose. Setae of head form rows along the epifrons sides (suberect) and above the eyes (erect). Subocular row consists of 5–6 setae. Anterior setal fringe consists of 8 (4+4) suberect setae. Setae of this row large, strongly differ from ones on pronotal disc. Elytral intervals 2, 4, 6 with distinct row of setae. In basal half of elytra with shorter and broader suberect setae, posterior declivity with long strongly erect narrow truncate setae. Intervals 1, 3, 5, 7–10 without setae, only with scattered setae near on posterior declivity. Interval 2 with row of short setae (0.5 x as long as width of interval). Intervals 4, 6 with rather long setae (In basal half of elytra as long as or on declivity 2 x as long as interval's width). Ventral side of thorax (including basisternum and mesobasisternum) and abdomen densely squamose. Antennal scape setose and densely squamulate; setae erect, long, thick, and acute. Funicle setose; setae suberect 1.5 x as long as funicular segment 7. Femora and tibiae external and internal surfaces covered with overlapping scales as on antennal scape; densely setose; distal portion of tibiae internal surface without scales; setae on legs slender acute. Internal surface of hind male tibiae with dense grooming brush; hairs short. Tarsi setose and without scales.</p> <p>Coloration. Integument of body deep-brown to black, of limbs deep-brown. Background scaling consists of light brown, brown and cupreous scales; striped pattern formed by cupreous and green scales. Dark and pale scales both with slightly pronounced pearl shine. Head brownish-cupreous, without green scales. Pronotum with darkbrown background scaling and 5 broad longitudinal cupreous stripes: 1 median (narrow) and 4 lateral (broad). Elytra with brownish-cupreous background scaling, alternate striped pattern obscure. Basal and declivital portion of elytral intervals 3-5 green, interval 7 entirely or predominantly green. Ventral side, thorax, and abdomen cupreous. Femora and tibiae including their ventral surface brown-cupreous without green scales.</p> <p>Head. Rostrum elongate [RL/RW mf: 1.14–1.18 (1.15)], parallel-sided. Pterygia not extended beyond rostrum. Antennal sockets dorsal. Antennifers half-visible. Epifrons almost parallel-sided, at the level of antennal articulation 1.66 x narrower than vertex, evenly longitudinally convex, without transverse depression posteriorly of antennal sockets, distinctly sloping at sides and very steep sloping anteriorly, without median sulcus or carina. Transverse sulcus deep, concealed by dense scaling at dorsal surface and partly open at sides. Apical portion of epifrons almost vertical with shallow longitudinal depression. Epistome vestigial, very narrow, transverse, delimited by narrow carina, bears 6 epistomal chaetae. Eyes broadly oval, sublateral, strongly convex, highest posteriorly [FW/ELD m: 1.35–1.47 (1.41); f: 1.56–1.67 (1.61)]. Vertex flat, with deep oblong frontal fovea. Occiput distinctly convex (see in lateral view).</p> <p>Antennae. Scape extended behind anterior edge of pronotum, weakly evenly curved, thick. 1 st funicular segment longer and wider then 2 nd; 3–5 oblong; 6–7 as long as wide. Club broadly spindle-shaped.</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum transverse [PL/PW: 0.86–0.90 (0.88)], evenly slightly convex at sides, distinctly constricted at anterior portion, widest anteriorly of the middle. Disc weakly convex transversally. Posterior edge straight. Posterior setal fringe consists of long spatulate setae, partly hidden by posterior edge of pronotum.</p> <p>Mesothorax. Tergosternal suture complete but concealed by scales. Metathorax. Metanepisternal suture obsolete posteriorly.</p> <p>Elytra. in male oblong-oval, in female oval EL/EW: 1.30–1.45 (1.37), basal declivity sinuate, vertical; in male weakly convex, in female strongly convex at disc, sides in basal 1/3 straight.</p> <p>Legs. Protibiae and mesotibiae almost straight, not widened at the apex, inner edge C-shaped with group of teeth in distal portion. Meso- and metatibiae with teeth on inner edge (straight). Mucro well developed, thornshaped, acute. Setal comb of protibiae consists of sparse 7–9 black setae not extending beyond external edge of tibiae, hidden by fringe of pale spatulate setae. Bevel of metatibiae narrowly enclosed, its surface entirely bare. Tarsi robust; tarsomere 2 transverse, 1.4 x as wide as length; tarsomere 3 with two wide lobes; tarsomere 5 of metatarsus extending beyond apical lobes of 3rd by 0.72 of length of the last one.</p> <p>Abdomen. Posterior margin of 1st ventrite straight. 5th ventrite flat, without depression near the apex, apical edge in male broadly rounded, in female acute.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe parallel-sided, sharply narrowed anteriorly; apex narrowly rounded, dorsoventrally slightly curved; as long as apodeme. Lateral edges of median lobe fused, without longitudinal convexity. Internal sac without spiculate fields, with large long aggonoporium consisting of two stick-shaped lobes connected proximally by transverse bridge. Ostium stick-shaped slightly sclerotized. Ligulae membranous. Parameres absent, basal piece of tegmen broad, tegminal apodeme 0.75 x as long as apodemes of median lobes.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Styli well developed stick-shaped bearing 2 chaetae. Spermatheca moderately sclerotized; ramus thick, 3 x as wide as collum; collum slender, as long as ramus; corpus small, not swollen; cornus slender, acute, not extended beyond corpus. Tergite 8 subtrapezoid, with two bunches of tenuous long setae at the apex. Sternite 8 thick. Lamella sharply narrowed and acute, without setae, knife-shaped heavily sclerotized. Apodeme thick, caput distinctly developed.</p> <p>Distribution. Kenya: Chyulu Hills., Chania Falls (Thika River) (Fig. 365).</p> <p>Bionomics. Unknown.</p> <p>Type material examined. Kenya: Lectotype, ♂, here designated (BMNH) “Type”, “Coryndon Museum / Expedit. Chyulu Hills / June 38 Alt. 5600'”, “ Cadoderus / lepidus Marshl. / TYPE male”. Paralectotypes: 1♂, 2♀, male and female dissected (BMNH) “ Syntype ”, “Coryndon Museum / Expedit. Chyulu Hills / June 38 Alt. 5600’”, “ Cadoderus / lepidus Marshl. / TYPE”.</p> <p>Other not examined type material. Paralectotypes. 1♂ (BMNH) <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.066666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-1.0166667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.066666/lat -1.0166667)">Chania Falls</a>, Thika, 5050 ft., S 1 1 E 37 4, A.F.J. Gedye leg., i.1921; 2♂, 3♀, (BMNH) Kenya Chyulu Hills, 5600 ft, A.F.J. Gedye leg., vi.1938.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B33214FFFDFFC0FF42A8F1FAAF4906	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yunakov, Nikolai	Yunakov, Nikolai (2012): 3535. Zootaxa 3535: 1-104
03B33214FFFCFFC2FF42ACD2FBE44C92.text	03B33214FFFCFFC2FF42ACD2FBE44C92.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sphrigodellus usambaricus Yunakov 2012	<div><p>Sphrigodellus usambaricus Yunakov, sp. n.</p> <p>(figs 29, 30, 148–166, 172, 173, 365)</p> <p>Diagnosis. Similar to S. lepidus Marshall, 1940 and S. minutus sp. n. in general appearance. From S. minutus sp. n. it differs by narrower and longer erect setae on elytra, tibiae, and antennae; feebly curved pro- and mesotibiae; frontal fovea not by scales; intervals 3 and 5 sparsely setose or without setae; occiput constricted; rostrum as long as wide or weakly elongate [RL/RW average 1.30]; subocular row dense, consists of 6–8 setae; temples squamose without longitudinal callosity; funicular segment 1 squamose; male elytral disc flat; median lobe constricted on the middle part; tegminal ring with process. From S. lepidus it differs by green scales on head, sides of pronotum, and 1st interval of elytra; epifrons sides with row of rather erect scales; elytral intervals 1–6 (in S. lepidus —2, 4, 6) with distinct row of setae; intervals 1, 3, 5 with sparse setal row(in S. lepidus intervals 1, 3, 5, 7–10 without setae); antennal funicle (1st or 1st and 2nd segments) with scales; rostrum with 8–10 (in S. lepidus —6) epistomal setae; anterior setal fringe consists of 12 (4+2+2+4) (in S. lepidus —8 (4+4)) suberect setae; epifrons at the level of antennal articulation 1.5 x as wide as vertex (in S. lepidus 1.66 x); antennal scape evenly widened apically; funicular segments 6–7 1.5x as long as wide (in S. lepidus as long as wide); FW/ELD average: 1.14 (in S. lepidus —1.50); median lobe 0.7 x as long as apodeme (in S. lepidus long as apodeme); shape of aggonoporium (figs 161, 162).</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>Measurements. BL: 2.98–4.07 (3.41) mm, BW: 1.36–2.00 (1.55) mm, BH: 1.20–1.90 (1.42) mm.</p> <p>Vestiture. Body densely covered with overlapping, round convex scales, setose. Setae of head form rows along lateral edges of epifrons (recumbent or subrecumbent) and above the eyes (erect). Subocular row consists of 6–8 setae. Anterior setal fringe consists of 12 (4+2+2+4) erect setae; they large, strongly differ from ones on pronotal disc. Posterior setal fringe consists of long spatulate setae, partly hidden by posterior edge of pronotum. Elytral intervals 1–6 with distinct row of setae. Anterior half of elytra with shorter and broader suberect setae (half as long as interval width), posterior declivity with long, strongly erect, narrow, truncate setae (as long as interval width). Intervals 2, 4, 6 with rather dense setal row; intervals 1, 3, 5 with sparse setal row. Ventral side of thorax (including basisternum and mesobasisternum) and abdomen densely squamose. Antennal scape setose and densely squamose; setae erect, long, thick, acute or truncate. Funicle setose, 1st funicular segment with scales; setae suberect 1.5 x as long as segment 7. Femora and tibiae externally and internally covered with overlapping scales as on antennal scape; densely setose; distal portion of tibiae surface without scales; setae on legs slender, acute. Male metatibiae with dense grooming brush; hairs short. Tarsi setose and squamose.</p> <p>Coloration. Background scaling consists of light brown, brown and cupreous scales; striped pattern formed by cupreous and green scales. Dark and pale scales both with slightly pronounced pearl shine. Head brownishcupreous; subgenae, temples, genae, and articulation surface covered with green scales. Pronotum with deepbrown background scaling and 5 broad longitudinal cupreous stripes: 1 discal (narrow) and 4 lateral (broad). Elytra with brownish-cupreous background scaling, alternate striped pattern obscure (intervals 2, 4, 6 light brown). Elytral interval 1 and 11 entirely or partly green, interval 2 with small green spot on posterior declivity, 7–10 with green spots in apical half. Ventral side of pronotum green, meso-/metasternum and abdomen green or green+cupreous. Femora brown-cupreous, proximal portion and ventral surface with green scales. Tibiae cupreous.</p> <p>Head. Rostrum elongate [RL/RW: 1.19–1.40 (1.3)], parallel-sided. Pterygia not extended beyond contour of rostrum. Antennal sockets dorsal. Antennifers half-visible. Epifrons distinctly sinuate in middle, at the level of antennal articulation 1.5 x as wide as vertex width, with transverse depression posteriorly of antennal sockets, distinctly sloping at sides and very steep sloping anteriorly, without median sulcus or carina. Transverse sulcus deep, concealed by dense scaling at dorsal surface and partly open at sides. Anterior portion of epifrons almost vertical with shallow longitudinal depression. Epistome vestigial, very narrow, transverse, delimited by narrow carina, bears 8–10 epistomal setae. Eyes broadly oval, sublateral, strongly convex, highest posteriorly [FW/ELD: 0.92–1.36 (1.14)]. Vertex in male narrow, in female broad, flat. Vertex with deep oblong frontal fovea. Occiput distinctly constricted (see in lateral view).</p> <p>Antennae. Scape extended behind anterior edge of pronotum, weakly evenly curved, thick. 1 st funicular segment longer and wider than 2 nd; segments 3–7 oblong. Club egg-shaped.</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum transverse or as long as wide [PL/PW: 0.95–1.00 (0.97)], evenly slightly convex at sides, distinctly constricted at anterior portion, widest anteriorly of the middle. Disc weakly convex longitudinally and transversally, with distinct lateral carinae and depressions. Posterior edge straight. Tergosternal suture complete but concealed by scales. Metanepisternal suture obsolete posteriorly.</p> <p>Elytra. In male oblong-oval, in female oval EL/EW: 1.29–1.50 (1.36); sides in basal 1/3 straight; anterior declivity arcuate, abrupt, sharpen; disc in male weakly, in female strongly convex, [EL/BH: 1.37–1.61 (1.49)]. Subscutellar callosity reaches 3rd elytral interval, with two tiny tubercles.</p> <p>Legs. Protibiae and mesotibiae almost straight, not widened at the apex, interior edge C-shaped in distal portion sparsely serrate. Meso- and metatibiae with 2 small teeth on interior edge (straight). Mucro well developed, thorn-shaped, acute. Setal comb of protibiae consists of sparse 7–9 black setae not extending beyond external edge of tibiae, hidden by fringe of pale spatulate setae. Bevel of metatibiae narrowly enclosed; its surface entirely densely setose. Tarsi robust; tarsomere 2 transverse, 1.5 x as wide as length; tarsomere 3 with two wide lobes; tarsomere 5 of metatarsus extending beyond apical lobes of 3rd by length of the last one.</p> <p>Abdomen. Posterior margin of 1st ventrite straight. 2nd ventrite 1.5 x as long as 3rd one, posterior margin of 2nd ventrite straight. 5th ventrite flat, without depression near the apex, apical edge in male broadly rounded, in female acute.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe parallel-sided in middle (in one male from Bamba Forest median lobe strongly sinuate in middle 1/3; lateral edges of median lobe form longitudinal carina), in apical 1/4 sharply evenly narrowed anteriorly; narrowly rounded, dorso-ventrally slightly swollen; 0.7 x as long as apodeme. Internal sac without spiculate fields, with large, long aggonoporium consisting of two stick-shaped lobes connected proximally by transverse bridge. Ostium stick-shaped, moderately sclerotized. Ligulae membranous. Parameres absent, basal piece of tegmen broad, tegminal apodeme 0.75 x as long as apodemes of median lobe.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Styli well developed, stick-shaped, bearing 2 setae. Spermatheca moderately sclerotized; ramus thick, 2 x as wide as ramus; collum slender, as long as ramus; corpus small, not swollen; cornus slender, acute, not extended beyond corpus. Tergite 8 triangular with straight short fringe of tenuous long setae at the apex. Sternite 8 thick. Lamella sharply narrowed and acute, without setae, knife-shaped, heavily sclerotized. Apodeme thick, caput distinctly developed.</p> <p>Distribution. Tanzania: East Usambara Mountains (figs 365, 368).</p> <p>Bionomics. Submontane and lowland rain forests; 170–1000 m a.s.l. Trees and shrubs, canopy.</p> <p>Material examined. Tanzania: 1♂, 1♀ including holotype male, dissected (ZMUC) “ TANZANIA: Tanga Region / Bamba For. Res./ S4 58 E 38 47 / July–Sept.1995 / “ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=38.783333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.9666667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 38.783333/lat -4.9666667)">Frontier-Tanzania</a> ” ZMUC”; 1♂ (ZMUC) Tanga reg., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=38.737&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.95" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 38.737/lat -4.95)">Kwangumi Forest Reserve</a>, 170–220 m, S4 57 E 38 44, 22.vii.1995 canopy fog 9-1A, ZMUC; 1♂ (ZMUC) Tanga reg., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=38.666668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.3333335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 38.666668/lat -5.3333335)">Pangani Falls Forest</a>, S5 20 E 38 40, July–March.1993 “Frontier Tanzania” ZMUC.</p> <p>Etymology. The name refers to Usambara Mountains where this species occurs.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B33214FFFCFFC2FF42ACD2FBE44C92	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yunakov, Nikolai	Yunakov, Nikolai (2012): 3535. Zootaxa 3535: 1-104
03B33214FFFEFFC2FF42AC21FE0049C4.text	03B33214FFFEFFC2FF42AC21FE0049C4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sphrigodellus kwamkoroensis Yunakov 2012	<div><p>Sphrigodellus kwamkoroensis Yunakov, sp. n.</p> <p>(figs 167–171, 174, 368)</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B33214FFFEFFC2FF42AC21FE0049C4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yunakov, Nikolai	Yunakov, Nikolai (2012): 3535. Zootaxa 3535: 1-104
03B33214FFF1FFCCFF42A839FCC6496A.text	03B33214FFF1FFCCFF42A839FCC6496A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sphrigodellus minutus Yunakov 2012	<div><p>Sphrigodellus minutus Yunakov, sp. n.</p> <p>(figs 23, 24, 46–51, 176–189, 367, 375, 376)</p> <p>Diagnosis. Similar to S. lepidus Marshall, 1940 and S. usambaricus sp. n. in general appearance but differs by small size; broader and shorter erect setae on elytra, tibiae, and antennae; strongly curved pro- and mesotibiae; frontal fovea concealed by scales; intervals 3 and 5 densely setose; occiput not constricted; rostrum as long as wide or weakly elongate [RL/RW average: 1.12]; subocular row sparse, consists of 2–4 setae; temples with longitudinal callosity; 1st funicular segment without scales; male elytral disc convex longitudinally; median lobe not constricted on the middle part; tegminal ring without parameres and process.</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>Measurements. BL: 1.94–2.81 (2.30) mm, BW: 0.80–1.20 (0.99) mm, BH: 0.76–1.20 (0.96) mm.</p> <p>Vestiture. Body densely covered with overlapping, round scales, setose. Setae of head form rows along lateral edges of epifrons (recumbent or subrecumbent) and above the eyes (erect). Subocular row consists of 2–4 setae. Anterior setal fringe consists of 6 (1+2+2+1) erect setae; they distinctly differ from ones on pronotal disc. Posterior setal fringe consists of spatulate setae, partly hidden by posterior edge of pronotum. Elytral intervals 1–5 with distinct row of setae. Anterior half of elytra with short, subrecumbent setae (half as long as interval width), posterior declivity with long strongly erect spatulate setae (as long as interval width). Ventral side rather sparsely squamose. Ventrites with scattered scales, metapleura densely squamose but scales not overlapped; basisternum and mesobasisternum bare. Antennal scape densely squamose and setose, scales lanceolate, not overlapping; setae thick acute subrecumbent. Funicle setose; setae suberect 1.5 x as long as funicular segment 7. Femora and tibiae external surface covered with overlapping scales and subrecumbent setae, internal surface with sparse piliform scales and hairs, distal portion of tibiae internal surface without scales; setae on femora slender, acute, setae of tibiae broad truncate. Male metatibiae with vestigial grooming brush; hairs very short. Tarsi setose.</p> <p>Coloration. Integument of body brown to deep-brown; limbs rather lighter. Background scaling deep-brown to brown; striped longitudinal pattern formed by white-rose scales. Dark and pale scales both with slightly pronounced pearl shine. Head with two longitudinal stripes passing obliquely through the epifrons and vertex; subgenae and genae with grey scales. Pronotum with grayish-rose median stripe and double light grey and green longitudinal stripes at sides. Elytra with alternate brown and grayish longitudinal stripes. Elytral intervals 3, 5, basal portion of interval 4, posterior portion of interval 2, and subsutural portion of interval 1 covered with grayishrose scales. Intervals 7–9, 11 covered with green scales. Ventral side with sparse green scales. Femora main surface with maculate pattern of brown and grey scales, proximal portion with green scales. Tibiae external surface with grey scales.</p> <p>Head. Rostrum as long as wide or weakly elongate [RL/RW: 1.06–1.24 (1.12)], parallel-sided. Pterygia not extended beyond contour of rostrum. Antennal sockets dorsal. Antennifers half-visible. Epifrons narrow, almost parallel-sided, at the level of antennal articulation 1.3 x narrower than vertex, weakly convex longitudinally and transversally, with very narrow median carina almost entirely concealed by scales. Transverse sulcus deep, partly concealed by dense scaling, rather visible at the sides. Epistome transverse, vestigial, delimited by narrow carina, bears 8–9 epistomal setae. Eyes oval, sublateral, strongly convex, highest posteriorly [FW/ELD: 0.83–1.15 (1.01)]. Vertex flat, broad. Frontal fovea concealed by scales. Occiput convex, without constriction.</p> <p>Antennae. Scape extended behind anterior edge of pronotum, weakly evenly curved and widened, swollen in distal portion. 1st funicular segment longer and wider than 2nd; funicular segments 3–4 oblong; 6th–7th segments as long as wide, moniliform. Club egg-shaped.</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum transverse [PL/PW: 0.81–0.96 (0.88)], evenly convex at sides, not constricted, widest anteriorly of the middle. Disc flat. Tergosternal suture complete. Metanepisternal suture complete.</p> <p>Elytra. Oval to broadly oval [EL/EW: 1.40–1.52 (1.48)]; disc in male weakly, in female strongly convex [EL/ BH: 1.46–1.58 (1.52)]; anterior edge arcuate, vertical. Subscutellar callosity very short but distinct, with 2 tiny tubercles.</p> <p>Legs. Protibiae and mesotibiae strongly curved, not widened at the apex; interior edge C-shaped. Meso- and metatibiae on interior edge with tooth in distal portion. Mucro well developed, thorn-shaped, acute. Setal comb of protibiae consists of 5–8 sparse, black setae, not extending beyond external edge of tibiae. Bevel of metatibiae narrowly enclosed; its surface bare. Tarsi robust; tarsomere 2 transverse, 1.5 x as wide as length; tarsomere 3 with two wide lobes; tarsomere 5 of metatarsus extending beyond apical lobes of 3rd by length of the last one.</p> <p>Abdomen. Posterior margin of 1 st ventrite straight. 2 nd ventrite 1.5 x as long as 3 rd one, posterior margin of 2 nd ventrite straight. 5 th ventrite flat in both sexes, without depression near the apex, apical edge in male broadly rounded, in female acute.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe parallel-sided and sharply narrowed apically; apex narrowly rounded, dorsoventrally slightly convex, 0.7 x as long as apodeme. Internal sac without spiculate fields, with large, long aggonoporium consisting of two stick-shaped lobes connected proximally by transverse bridge. Ostium spatulate moderately sclerotized. Ligulae membranous. Parameres absent, basal piece of tegmen broad, tegminal apodeme 0.5 x as long as apodemes of median lobe.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Styli well developed, stick-shaped, bearing 3 setae. Spermatheca moderately sclerotized, with swollen ramus, collum slender 2 x as long as ramus. Corpus slightly swollen. cornus slender, extended beyond corpus. Tergite 8 subrounded with straight transverse row of 5–7 short setae at the apex. Sternite 8 thick. Lamella sharply narrowed and acute, without setae, knife-shaped, heavily sclerotized. Apodeme thick, straight, caput developed.</p> <p>Distribution. Tanzania: South Pare Mountains (Fig. 367).</p> <p>Bionomics. Submontane rain forest; 1300–1600 m a.s.l. Trees and shrubs, canopy (figs 375, 376).</p> <p>Material examined. Tanzania: 13♂, 4♀ including holotype male, dissected (ZMUN) TZ-10-47, Kilimanjaro Reg., South Pare Mts., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.9909&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.3230166" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.9909/lat -4.3230166)">Chome Forest Reserve</a>, S4 19.381 E37 59.454, h = 1352 m, rain forest, beaten, N.N. Yunakov leg., 09.xi.2010; 38♂, 17♀ (ZMUN) TZ-10-48, Kilimanjaro Reg., South Pare Mts., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.988518&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.3233333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.988518/lat -4.3233333)">Chome Forest Reserve</a>, S4 19.400 E37 59.311, h = 1372 m, rain forest, beaten, N.N. Yunakov leg., 09.xi.2010; 2♂ (ZMUN) TZ- 10-50, Kilimanjaro Reg., South Pare Mts., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.988518&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.3233333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.988518/lat -4.3233333)">Chome Forest Reserve</a>, S4 19.400 E37 59.311, h = 1372 m, rain forest, sifted leaf litter, N.N. Yunakov leg., 09.xi.2010; 9♂, 6♀ (ZMUN) TZ-10-58, Kilimanjaro Reg., South Pare Mts., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.98665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.32405" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.98665/lat -4.32405)">Chome Forest Reserve</a>, S4 19.443 E37 59.199, h = 1405 m, rain forest, beaten, N.N. Yunakov leg., 10.xi.2010; 4♂, 6♀ (ZMUN) TZ-10-62, Kilimanjaro Reg., South Pare Mts., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.988518&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.3233333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.988518/lat -4.3233333)">Chome Forest Reserve</a>, S4 19.400 E37 59.311, h = 1372 m, rain forest, beaten, N.N. Yunakov leg., 11.xi.2010; 19♂ (ZMUN) TZ-10-63, Kilimanjaro Reg., South Pare Mts., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.984&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.3308334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.984/lat -4.3308334)">Chome Forest Reserve</a>, S4 19.850 E37 59.040, h = 1549 m, rain forest, beaten, N.N. Yunakov leg., 11.xi.2010.</p> <p>Etymology. The name is a Latin adjective meaning “small”.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B33214FFF1FFCCFF42A839FCC6496A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yunakov, Nikolai	Yunakov, Nikolai (2012): 3535. Zootaxa 3535: 1-104
03B33214FFF0FFCEFF42ACF6FBFA4CF6.text	03B33214FFF0FFCEFF42ACF6FBFA4CF6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sphrigodellus parecola Yunakov 2012	<div><p>Sphrigodellus parecola Yunakov, sp. n.</p> <p>(figs 21–22, 230–243, 367)</p> <p>Diagnosis. Similar to S. nasutus sp. n. and S. gusarovi sp. n. in general appearance. From S. nasutus sp. n. it differs by small size [BL: 2.30–3.09 (2.61) mm, in S. nasutus sp. n. —3.50–4.40 (3.69) mm]; overlapping scales of body; subocular row consists of 4–6 setae; pronotum with anterior fringe indistinct; elytra with distinct pattern of alternate dark and pale stripes; Eyes orbicular; vertex narrow; male metatibiae with obsolete grooming brush; meso- and metatibiae without teeth or with very small poorly-visible teeth on interior edge; 2nd ventrite 1.5 x as long as 3rd one; median lobe parallel-sided and evenly narrowed apically; apex broadly rounded, dorsoventrally slightly convex; female tergite 8 with short fringe of setae at the apex. From S. gusarovi sp. n. it differs by body densely covered with overlapping scales; pronototal anterior fringe indistinct; abdomen densely squamose; epifrons parallel-sided; eyes orbicular, sublateral, strongly convex, highest posteriorly [FW/ELD: 0.73–1.00 (0.89)]; median lobe parallel-sided, in apical 1/3 evenly narrowed apically; apex broadly rounded; spermatheca moderately sclerotized, with swollen ramus, collum slender 0.5 x as long as ramus. From S. minutus sp. n. it differs by subocular row consists of 4–6 setae; anterior fringe indistinct; basisternum bare; antennal scape setose, without scales; strongly elongate [RL/RW: 1.20–1.33 (1.27)]; funicular segments 5–7 oblong (in S. minutus sp. n. —as long as wide); club spindle-shaped (in minutus egg-shaped); Median lobe parallel-sided, in apical 1/3 evenly narrowed apically; apex broadly rounded, dorsoventrally slightly convex, 1.3 x longer than apodeme; spermatheca with swollen ramus, collum slender 0.5 x as long as ramus (in S. minutus sp. n. collum slender 2 x as long as ramus).</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>Measurements. BL: 2.30–3.09 (2.61) mm, BW: 1–1.46 (1.19) mm, BH: 0.90–1.3 (1.07) mm.</p> <p>Vestiture. Body densely covered with overlapping, round concave scales, setose. Setae of head form rows along lateral edges of epifrons (recumbent or subrecumbent) and above the eyes (erect). Subocular row consists of 4–6 setae. Anterior fringe indistinct; pronotum evenly setose; setae small, spatulate, recumbent. Posterior setal fringe consists of long spatulate setae, partly hidden by posterior edge of pronotum. Elytral intervals 1–6 with distinct row of setae. Anterior half of elytra with shorter and narrow suberect setae (up to a third of interval width), posterior declivity with long strongly erect spatulate acute setae (as long as interval width). Ventral side of thorax and abdomen densely squamose, scales scattered; basisternum and mesobasisternum bare. Meso- and metapleura with scattered scaling. Antennal scape setose, without scales; setae long, slender, acute, and erect. Funicle setose, without scales; setae suberect, as long as funicular segment 7. Femora and tibiae external surface covered with serried scales and suberect setae, internal surface with sparse piliform scales and hairs, distal portion of tibiae internal surface without scales; setae on legs slender, acute. Male metatibiae with obsolete grooming brush; hairs short, subrecumbent. Tarsi setose.</p> <p>Coloration. Integument of body deep-brown to black; limbs deep-brown. Background scaling deep-brown to brown; striped longitudinal pattern formed by light rose scales. Dark and pale scales both with slightly pronounced pearl shine. Head with two longitudinal stripes passing obliquely through the epifrons and vertex; subgenae with brown scales, Anterior portion of epifrons, subgenae, and temples green. Pronotum with grayish-rose median and laterodorsal and green lateral stripe. Elytra with alternate brown and grayish-rose longitudinal stripes. Elytral intervals 3, 5, basal portion of interval 4, posterior portion of interval 2, and subsutural portion of interval 1 covered with grayish-rose scales. Intervals 7–11, and apical 1/4 of interval 5 covered with green scales. Ventral side of head and body with sparse green scales. Femora main surface with maculate pattern of brown and grey scales, proximal portion with green scales. Tibiae external surface with grey scales.</p> <p>Head. Rostrum strongly elongate [RL/RW: 1.20–1.33 (1.27)], parallel-sided. Pterygia not extended beyond contour of rostrum. Antennal sockets dorsal. Antennifers half-visible. Epifrons parallel-sided, not sinuate, at the level of antennal articulation 1.5 x as wide as vertex width, with transverse depression posteriorly of antennal sockets, distinctly sloping at sides and very steep sloping anteriorly, without median sulcus or carina. Transverse sulcus deep, concealed by dense scaling at dorsal surface and partly open at sides. Anterior portion of epifrons very steep without longitudinal depression. Epistome vestigial, very narrow, transverse, delimited by narrow carina, bears 8–10 epistomal setae. Eyes orbicular, sublateral, strongly convex, highest posteriorly [FW/ELD: 0.73–1.00 (0.89)]. Vertex flat, narrow, Frontal fovea, deep, oblong, not concealed by scales.</p> <p>Antennae. Scape extended behind anterior edge of pronotum, weakly evenly curved, slightly swollen in distal portion. 1st funicular segment longer and wider than 2nd; 3rd–7th oblong. Club spindle-shaped.</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum transverse [PL/PW: 0.88–0.89 (0.88)], evenly slightly convex at sides, not constricted, widest anteriorly of the middle. Disc weakly convex longitudinally and transversally. Posterior edge straight. Tergosternal suture complete but concealed by scales. Metanepisternal suture obsolete posteriorly.</p> <p>Elytra. Oblong-oval EL/EW: 1.37–1.42 (1.39)]; anterior declivity arcuate, abrupt, sharpen; disc weakly convex; sides in basal 1/3 straight [EL/BH: 1.54–1.56 (1.55)]. Subscutellar callosity reaches 2 nd elytral interval, with two tiny tubercles.</p> <p>Legs. Protibiae and mesotibiae strongly curved, not widened at the apex; interior edge C-shaped. Meso- and metatibiae on interior edge without teeth or with very small poorly-visible teeth. Pro- and mesotibiae with large thorn-shaped acute mucro, metatibiae with small mucro well developed. Setal comb of protibiae consists of sparse 7–8 black setae not extending beyond external edge of tibiae. Bevel of metatibiae narrowly enclosed; its surface bare. Tarsi robust; tarsomere 2 triangular, as long as wide; tarsomere 3 with two wide lobes; tarsomere 5 of metatarsus extending beyond apical lobes of 3rd by length of the last one.</p> <p>Abdomen. Posterior margin of 1st ventrite straight. 2nd ventrite 1.5 x as long as 3rd one, posterior margin of 2nd ventrite straight. 5th ventrite flat, without depression near the apex, apical edge in male broadly rounded, in female acute.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe parallel-sided, in apical 1/3 evenly narrowed apically; apex broadly rounded, dorso-ventrally slightly convex, 1.3 x longer than apodeme. Internal sac without spiculate fields, with large, long aggonoporium consisting of two stick-shaped lobes connected proximally by transverse bridge. Ostium spatulate, strongly sclerotized. Ligulae membranous. Parameres absent, basal piece of tegmen broad, tegminal apodeme 0.75 x as long as apodemes of median lobe.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Styli well developed, stick-shaped, bearing 2 setae. Spermatheca moderately sclerotized, with swollen ramus, collum slender 0.5 x as long as ramus; corpus small, very swollen; cornus slender, extended beyond corpus. Tergite 8 triangular with straight short fringe of tenuous long setae at the apex. Sternite 8 thick. Lamella sharply narrowed and acute, without setae, knife-shaped, heavily sclerotized. Apodeme thick, caput distinctly developed.</p> <p>Distribution. Tanzania: South Pare Mountains (Chome Nature Reserve) (Fig. 367).</p> <p>Bionomics. Montane rain forests. Trees and shrubs, canopy.</p> <p>Material examined. Tanzania: 2♂, 1♀ including holotype male (ZMUN) TZ-10-63, Kilimanjaro Reg., South Pare Mts., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.984&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.3308334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.984/lat -4.3308334)">Chome Nature Reserve</a>, S4 19.850 E37 59.040, h = 1549 m, rain forest, beaten, N.N. Yunakov leg., 11.xi.2010. 2♂, 2♀ (ZMUN, DNA collection: tube#17809) TZN-72, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.979435&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.334067" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.979435/lat -4.334067)">Chome Nature Reserve</a>, S4 20.044 E 37 58.766, h = 1651 m, sifting forest litter, V.I. Gusarov &amp; O.M. Nniwako leg., 11.xi.2010.</p> <p>Etymology. The name is a Latin adjective meaning “inhabiting Pare Mountains”.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B33214FFF0FFCEFF42ACF6FBFA4CF6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yunakov, Nikolai	Yunakov, Nikolai (2012): 3535. Zootaxa 3535: 1-104
03B33214FFF2FFC8FF42A982FCDC4ED9.text	03B33214FFF2FFC8FF42A982FCDC4ED9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sphrigodellus gusarovi Yunakov 2012	<div><p>Sphrigodellus gusarovi Yunakov, sp. n.</p> <p>(figs 33, 34, 43–45, 190–204, 367, 373, 374)</p> <p>Diagnosis. Similar to S. nasutus sp. n. in general appearance, differs by subocular row consisting of 4–6 setae; suberect setae short (0.3 of interval width); rostrum weakly elongate [RL/RW average 1.17]; eyes highest at middle; pronotal disc flat longitudinally and slightly convex transversally; male elytra oval [EL/EW: 1.31–1.41 (1.38) in S. nasutus sp. n. —1.53–1.56 (1.545)]; tarsomere 2 transverse, 1.5 x as wide as length; median lobe slightly constricted in apical 1/3 and sharply narrowed apically; apex narrowly rounded, dorso-ventrally slightly convex; lateral edges of median lobe fused, form longitudinal convexity through entire length; preputial opening cordate.</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>Measurements. BL: 2.75–3.64 (3.24) mm, BW: 1.30–1.68 (1.50) mm, BH: 1.08–1.40 (1.25) mm.</p> <p>Vestiture. Body densely covered with serried (not overlapping) round scales, setose. Setae of head form rows along lateral edges of epifrons (recumbent or subrecumbent) and above the eyes (erect). Subocular row consists of 4–6 setae. Anterior setal fringe consists of 6 (1+1+1+1+1+1) erect setae; they weakly differ from ones on pronotal disc. Posterior setal fringe consists of spatulate setae, partly hidden by posterior edge of pronotum. Elytral intervals 1–5 with distinct row of setae. Anterior half of elytra with rather short suberect setae (up to a third of interval width), posterior declivity with long, strongly erect, thick, truncate setae (as long as interval width). Ventral side rather sparsely squamose. Ventrites with scattered scales, metapleura densely squamose but scales not serried; basisternum and mesobasisternum bare. Antennal scape setose, without scales; setae long, slender, acute, and suberect. Funicle setose, without scales; setae suberect 1.5 x as long as funicular segment 7. Femora and tibiae external surface covered with serried scales and suberect setae, internal surface with sparse piliform scales and hairs, scales on distal portion evenly replaced by setae; setae on femora slender, acute, setae of tibiae broad truncate. Male metatibiae with sparse grooming brush; hairs short. Tarsi setose.</p> <p>Coloration. Integument of body brown to deep-brown; limbs rather lighter. Background scaling camouflagelike, very complicated, consists of deep-brown, brown and cupreous scales; striped-maculate pattern formed by cupreous and green scales. Dark and pale scales both with slightly pronounced pearl shine. Head brownishcupreous; temples and articulation surface covered with green scales. Pronotum with deep-brown background scaling and 5 broad longitudinal cupreous stripes: 1 discal and 4 lateral. Solitary green scales randomly scattered along stripes and form short narrow transverse stripes along dorso-lateral-portion of posterior edge of pronotum. These stripes are complementary to two green stripes on anterior edge of elytra. Elytra with alternate brown and cupreous longitudinal stripes and green spots. Elytral intervals 1, 3, 5, 7–9 covered with cupreous scales. Stripes on intervals 3, 5, 7, often interrupted by green squamose portions. Intervals 2, 4, 6, 10 with deep-brown stripes. Intervals 2 and 4 interrupted at posterior declivity by greens and cupreous spots. Intervals 6 and 10 interrupted by green spots through entire length. Ventral side with sparse green scales. Femora brown-cupreous, proximal portion with green scales. Tibiae external surface cupreous.</p> <p>Head. Rostrum weakly elongate [RL/RW: 1.11–1.22 (1.17)], parallel-sided. Pterygia not extended beyond contour of rostrum. Antennal sockets dorsal. Antennifers half-visible. Epifrons distinctly widened from base to apex, at the level of antennal articulation 1.5 x as wide as vertex width, distinctly sloping at sides and very steep sloping anteriorly, without median sulcus or carina. Transverse sulcus deep, concealed by dense scaling at dorsal surface and partly open at sides. Frons vertical, glabrous, bare, with 6 frontal setae. Epistome vestigial, very narrow, transverse, delimited by narrow carina, bears 8–12 epistomal setae. Eyes broadly oval, sublateral, strongly convex, highest at the middle [FW/ELD: 1.04–1.27 (1.14)]. Vertex flat, in male broad, in female narrow. Frontal fovea concealed by scales.</p> <p>Antennae. Scape extended behind anterior edge of pronotum, weakly evenly curved and widened, swollen in distal portion. 1st funicular segment longer and wider than 2nd, funicular segments 3–6 oblong; 7th segment as long as wide. Club egg-shaped.</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum transverse [PL/PW: 0.87–0.95 (0.92)], evenly slightly convex at sides, not constricted, widest anteriorly of the middle. Disc flat longitudinally and slightly convex transversally. Tergosternal suture complete. Metanepisternal suture obsolete posteriorly.</p> <p>Elytra. Oval to broadly oval [EL/EW: 1.31–1.44 (1.38)]; anterior declivity abrupt, sharpen; disc in male not convex, in female convex [EL/BH: 1.56–1.75 (1.66)]. Subscutellar callosity reaches interval 2, with 2 tiny tubercles.</p> <p>Legs. Protibiae and mesotibiae almost straight, not widened at the apex, interior edge C-shaped in distal portion serrate. Meso- and metatibiae serrate on interior edge. Mucro well developed, thorn-shaped, acute. Setal comb of protibiae consists of sparse 5–8 black setae not extending beyond external edge of tibiae. Bevel of metatibiae narrowly enclosed; its surface partly setose. Tarsi robust; tarsomere 2 transverse, 1.5 x as wide as length; tarsomere 3 with two wide lobes; tarsomere 5 of metatarsus extending beyond apical lobes of 3rd by length of the last one.</p> <p>Abdomen. Posterior margin of 1st ventrite straight. 2nd ventrite 2 x as long as 3rd one, posterior margin of 2nd ventrite straight. 5th ventrite flat, without depression near the apex, apical edge in male broadly rounded, in female acute.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe slightly constricted in apical 1/3 and sharply narrowed apically; apex narrowly rounded, dorso-ventrally slightly convex; as long as apodeme. Lateral edges of median lobe fused, form longitudinal convexity through entire length. Preputial opening cordate. Internal sac without spiculate fields, with large, long aggonoporium consisting of two stick-shaped lobes connected proximally by transverse bridge. Ostium triangular, moderately sclerotized. Ligulae membranous. Parameres absent, basal piece of tegmen broad, tegminal apodeme 0.75 x as long as apodemes of median lobe.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Styli well developed, stick-shaped, bearing 3 setae. Spermatheca moderately sclerotized, with swollen ramus, collum slender 2 x as long as ramus. Corpus slightly swollen. Cornus slender, extended beyond corpus. Tergite 8 subtrapezoid, with curved fringe of multiple, tenuous, short setae at the apex. Sternite 8 thick. Lamella sharply narrowed and acute, without setae, knife-shaped, heavily sclerotized. Apodeme thick, straight, with ill-defined caput.</p> <p>Distribution. Tanzania: South Pare Mountains (Chome Nature Reserve) (Fig. 367).</p> <p>Bionomics. Montane cloud forests; 1900–2400 m a.s.l. Trees and shrubs, canopy; predominantly on Psychotria spp. (figs 373, 374).</p> <p>Material examined. Tanzania: 4♂, 7♀, including holotype male, dissected (ZMUN) Tanzania, TZ-10-69, Kilimanjaro Reg., South Pare Mts., Chome Forest Reserve, S4 17.599 E37 55.752, h = 1965 m, rain forest, beaten, N.N. Yunakov leg., 13.xi.2010; 2♂, 1♀ (ZMUN) Kilimanjaro Reg., TZ-10-73, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.937466&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.295833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.937466/lat -4.295833)">South Pare Mts.</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.937466&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.295833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.937466/lat -4.295833)">Chome Forest Reserve</a>, S4 17.606 E37 55.794, h = 1956 m, rain forest, beaten, N.N.Yunakov leg., 14.xi.2010; 1♀ (ZMUN) Kilimanjaro Reg., TZ-10-81 <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.937466&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.295833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.937466/lat -4.295833)">South Pare Mts.</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.937466&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.295833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.937466/lat -4.295833)">Chome Forest Reserve</a>, S4 17.630 E37 55.942, h = 2033 m, rain forest, on Psychotria sp., N.N.Yunakov leg., 15.xi.2010; 1♂ (ZMUN) Kilimanjaro Reg., 33 km SSE Same, 14 km NE Makanya, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.937466&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.295833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.937466/lat -4.295833)">South Pare Mts.</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.937466&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.295833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.937466/lat -4.295833)">Chome Forest Reserve</a>, 3 km S Shengena summit, 4º17.638–606’ S 37º55.930 –763’E, h = 2037– 1960 m, montane forest, beating, 10TZ25, V.I. Gusarov leg., 12.iii.2010; 1♂, 1♀ (ZMUN) TZ-10-78, Kilimanjaro Reg., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.937466&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.295833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.937466/lat -4.295833)">South Pare Mts.</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.937466&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.295833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.937466/lat -4.295833)">Chome Forest Reserve</a>, S4 17.634 E37 55.902, h = 1983 m, rain forest, sifted leaf litter, N.N. Yunakov leg., 15.xi.2010; 3♂, 1♀ (ZMUN) TZ-11-23, Kilimanjaro Reg., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.937466&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.295833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.937466/lat -4.295833)">South Pare Mts.</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.937466&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.295833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.937466/lat -4.295833)">Chome Nature Reserve</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.937466&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.295833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.937466/lat -4.295833)">Shengena Mt.</a> R., S4 17.379 –464 E37 55.864 –883 h = 2143– 2106 m, montane rain forest, beating, N.N. Yunakov leg., 10.v.2011; 8♂, 6♀ (ZMUN) TZ-11–15, Kilimanjaro Reg., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.937466&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.295833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.937466/lat -4.295833)">South Pare Mts.</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.937466&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.295833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.937466/lat -4.295833)">Chome Nature Reserve</a>, S4 17.750 E37 56.248 h = 1991 m, montane rain forest, beating, on Psychotria sp., N.N. Yunakov leg., 08.v.2011.</p> <p>Etymology. The name is dedicated to the coleopterologist Vladimir Gusarov (ZMUN) in recognition of his significant contribution to the knowledge of Afrotropical beetles.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B33214FFF2FFC8FF42A982FCDC4ED9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yunakov, Nikolai	Yunakov, Nikolai (2012): 3535. Zootaxa 3535: 1-104
03B33214FFF4FFCBFF42ABA2FB9348E0.text	03B33214FFF4FFCBFF42ABA2FB9348E0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sphrigodellus nasutus Yunakov 2012	<div><p>Sphrigodellus nasutus Yunakov, sp. n.</p> <p>(figs 35, 36, 205–216, 365, 366, 369, 370)</p> <p>Diagnosis. Similar to S. lepidus, S. usambaricus sp. n., and S. gusarovi sp. n. in general appearance. From S. lepidus and S. usambaricus sp. n. it differs by antennae with very long, piliform, erect setae, without scales; body scales not concave, not overlapping; male protibiae curved inwards, interior edge serrate, metatibiae with long and dense grooming brush, without scales; metatibial mucro tiny; temples with longitudinal callosity; setae of anterior fridge weakly differ from ones on pronotal disc; setae on elytral intervals sparse and narrow; tarsi without scales; tarsomere 2 triangular, as long as wide. From S. usambaricus sp. n. it additionally differs by median lobe not constricted on the middle part, with strong ridge at the base, with apex attenuate; spermatheca with ramus strongly swollen; tergite 8 subtrapezoid, with curved fringe of multiple, tenuous, short setae at the apex. From S. gusarovi sp. n. this species differs by subocular row consisting of 6–8 setae; elytral setae long (half as long as interval width); rostrum strongly elongate [RL/RW: 1.24–1.39 (1.34)]; eyes highest posteriorly; pronotal disc strongly convex longitudinally and transversally; male elytra oblong-oval [EL/EW m: 1.53–1.56 (1.55)]; tarsomere 2 as long as wide; median lobe parallel-sided (not constricted), in apical 1/4 evenly narrowed anteriorly; apex dorsoventrally slightly flattened; lateral edges of median lobe partly fused, form longitudinal convexity in basal half; preputial opening oblong-ovate.</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>Measurements. BL: 3.50–4.40 (3.69) mm, BW: 1.44–2.25 (1.65) mm, BH: 1.30–1.80 (1.42) mm.</p> <p>Vestiture. Body densely covered with serried (not overlapping) round weakly convex scales, setose. Setae of head form rows along lateral edges of epifrons (recumbent or subrecumbent) and above the eyes (erect). Subocular row consists of 6–8 setae. Anterior setal fringe consists of 6 (1+1+1+1+1+1) erect setae; they weakly differ from ones on pronotal disc. Posterior setal fringe consists of spatulate setae, partly hidden by posterior edge of pronotum. Elytral intervals 1–6 with distinct row of setae. Anterior half of elytra with rather short suberect setae (half as long as interval width), posterior declivity with long, strongly erect, thick, truncate setae (as long as interval width). Ventral side rather sparsely squamose. Ventrites with scattered scales; male anal ventrite with long hairs in apical portion. Metapleura densely squamose but scales not serried; basisternum and mesobasisternum bare. Antennal scape setose, without scales; setae very long, slender, acute, and erect. Funicle setose, without scales; setae erect, 1.7 x as long as funicular segment 7. Femora and tibiae external surface covered with serried scales and suberect setae, internal surface with sparse piliform scales and hairs, distal portion of tibiae internal surface without scales; setae on legs slender, acute. Male metatibiae with dense grooming brush; hairs very long. Female metatibiae with less pronounced but distinct grooming brush. Tarsi setose.</p> <p>Coloration. Integument of body deep-brown to black, of legs deep-brown. Background scaling consists of deep-brown, brown and cupreous scales; striped pattern formed by cupreous and green scales. Dark and pale scales both with slightly pronounced pearl shine. Head brownish-cupreous; anterior portion of epifrons, temples, genae, and articulation surface covered with green scales. Pronotum with deep-brown background scaling and 5 broad longitudinal cupreous stripes: 1 discal and 4 lateral. Green scales form narrow stripe along anterior edge, small basal spot and two transverse broad stripes along dorsolateral-portion of posterior edge of pronotum. These stripes are complementary to two green narrow stripes on anterior edge of elytra. Elytra with brownish-cupreous background scaling, alternate striped pattern obscure. Elytral intervals 3, 4, 8, 9 with short green stripes in apical portion, 5, 6, 10, 11 entirely green; 6th interval with black spot anteriorly of middle. Ventral side with sparse green scales. Sides of metasternum cupreous. Femora brown-cupreous, proximal portion and ventral surface with green scales. Tibiae external surface cupreous.</p> <p>Head. Rostrum strongly elongate [RL/RW: 1.24–1.39 (1.34)], parallel-sided. Pterygia not extended beyond contour of rostrum. Antennal sockets dorsal. Antennifers half-visible. Epifrons distinctly sinuate in middle, at the level of antennal articulation 1.5 x as wide as vertex width, distinctly sloping at sides and very steep sloping anteriorly, without median sulcus or carina. Transverse sulcus deep, concealed by dense scaling at dorsal surface and partly open at sides. Anterior portion of epifrons almost vertical with median sulcus. Epistome vestigial, very narrow, transverse, delimited by narrow carina, bears 8–9 epistomal setae. Eyes broadly oval, sublateral, strongly convex, highest posteriorly [FW/ELD: 1.10–1.25 (1.18)]. Vertex flat, broad. Frontal fovea concealed by scales. Occiput not constricted.</p> <p>Antennae. Scape extended behind anterior edge of pronotum, weakly evenly curved and widened, swollen in distal portion. 1st funicular segment longer and wider than 2nd; 3rd–7th oblong. Club egg-shaped.</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum transverse [PL/PW: 0.89–0.98 (0.96)], evenly slightly convex at sides, not constricted, widest anteriorly of the middle. Disc strongly convex longitudinally and transversally. Posterior edge straight. Tergosternal suture complete. Metanepisternal suture obsolete posteriorly.</p> <p>Elytra. in male oblong-oval, in female oval [EL/EW: 1.32–1.56 (1.44)]; anterior declivity arcuate, abrupt, sharpen; disc in male flat, in female convex [EL/BH: 1.53–1.84 (1.65)]. Subscutellar callosity very short, with two tiny tubercles.</p> <p>Legs. Protibiae and mesotibiae almost straight, not widened at the apex, interior edge C-shaped in distal portion serrate. Meso- and metatibiae serrate on interior edge. Mucro well developed, thorn-shaped, acute. Setal comb of protibiae consists of sparse 5–8 black setae not extending beyond external edge of tibiae. Bevel of metatibiae narrowly enclosed, its surface partly setose. Tarsi robust; tarsomere 2 triangular, as long as wide; tarsomere 3 with two wide lobes; tarsomere 5 of metatarsus extending beyond apical lobes of 3rd by length of the last one.</p> <p>Abdomen. Posterior margin of 1st ventrite straight. 2nd ventrite 2 x as long as 3rd one, posterior margin of 2nd ventrite straight. 5th ventrite flat, without depression near the apex, apical edge in male broadly rounded, in female acute.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe parallel-sided, in apical 1/4 evenly narrowed anteriorly; apex attenuate, narrowly rounded, dorso-ventrally slightly flattened; as long as apodeme. Lateral edges of median lobe form longitudinal convexity in basal half. Preputial opening oblong-ovate. Internal sac without spiculate fields, with large, long aggonoporium consisting of two stick-shaped lobes connected proximally by transverse bridge. Ostium triangular, moderately sclerotized. Ligulae membranous. Parameres absent, basal piece of tegmen broad, tegminal apodeme 0.75 x as long as apodemes of median lobe.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Styli well developed, stick-shaped, bearing 3 setae. Spermatheca moderately sclerotized, with swollen ramus, collum slender 2 x as long as ramus. Corpus small, not swollen. Cornus slender, extended beyond corpus. Tergite 8 subtrapezoid, with curved fringe of multiple, tenuous, short setae at the apex. Sternite 8 thick. Lamella sharply narrowed and acute, without setae, knife-shaped, heavily sclerotized. Apodeme thick, caput not developed.</p> <p>Distribution. Tanzania: North Pare Mountains (Kindoroko Forest Reserve, Kiverenge Forest Reserve, Kizungoa Mountain Reserve) (figs 365, 366)</p> <p>Bionomics. Submontane rain forests and montane cloud forests; 1900–2400 m a.s.l. Trees and shrubs canopy (figs 369, 370).</p> <p>Material examined. Tanzania, Kilimanjaro Reg.: 1♂, 4♀, including holotype male (ZMUN) TZ-10-34, North Pare Mts., Kilomeni vill. env., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.64515&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.7533333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.64515/lat -3.7533333)">Kindoroko Forest</a> Res., S3 45.200 –531 E37 38.709 –923, h = 1904– 1796 m, rain forest, beaten, N.N. Yunakov leg., 05.xi.2010; 1♂ (ZMUN) TZ-10-31, North Pare Mts., Kilomeni vill. env., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.64515&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.7533333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.64515/lat -3.7533333)">Kindoroko Forest Reserve</a>, S3 45.200 E37 38.709, h = 1904 m, rain forest, beaten, N.N. Yunakov leg., 05.xi.2010; 1♂, 2♀ (ZMUN) TZ-11-31, North Pare Mts., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.64585&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.7544167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.64585/lat -3.7544167)">Kindoroko Forest Reserve</a>, S3 45.265 E37 38.751 h = 1889 m, montane rain forest, beating, N.N. Yunakov leg., 13.v.2011; 5♂, 3♀ (ZMUN) TZ-11-32, North Pare Mts., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.648117&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.7516" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.648117/lat -3.7516)">Kindoroko Forest Reserve</a>, S3 45.096 E37 38.887 h = 1920 m, montane rain forest, beating, N.N. Yunakov leg., 13.v.2011; 1♀ (ZMUN) TZ-11-48a, North Pare Mts., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.646667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.8129666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.646667/lat -3.8129666)">Kiverenge Forest Reserve</a>, S3 48.778 E37 38.800, h = 1654 m, montane rain forest, beating, N.N. Yunakov leg., 15.v.2011; 2♂, 2♀ (ZMUN) TZ-11-61, North Pare Mts., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.6949&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.9525166" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.6949/lat -3.9525166)">Kizungoa Mt.</a> R., S3 57.151 E37 41.694, h = 1688 m, montane rain forest, beating, N.N. Yunakov leg., 18.v.2011.</p> <p>Etymology. The name is a Latin adjective meaning “having pronounced nose”.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B33214FFF4FFCBFF42ABA2FB9348E0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yunakov, Nikolai	Yunakov, Nikolai (2012): 3535. Zootaxa 3535: 1-104
03B33214FFF6FFF5FF42AAE9FD0E4C05.text	03B33214FFF6FFF5FF42AAE9FD0E4C05.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sphrigodellus centralis (Hustache 1929)	<div><p>Sphrigodellus centralis (Hustache)</p> <p>(figs 15, 16, 217–229, 365)</p> <p>Barianus centralis Hustache, 1929: 399. Sphrigodellus centralis. Marshall (1942: 19).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Strongly differs from all known species by elytra globose; epifrons lateral edges without longitudinal setal rows; pronotum without anterior transverse setal fringe; setae of elytral intervals short, recumbent (up to a quarter of interval width); antennal funicle squamose, with setae spatulate; median lobe parallel-sided, tubular, in apical 1/4 sharply narrowed anteriorly; spermatheca with very long and slender ramus, collum slender, as long as ramus.</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>Measurements. BL: 3.80–4.56 (4.05) mm, BW: 2.08–2.48 (2.2) mm, BH: 1.48–2.08 (1.69) mm.</p> <p>Vestiture. Body densely covered with overlapping, round weakly concave scales, setose. Setae of head form rows above the eyes (erect). Subocular row consists of 5 setae, without rows along lateral edges of epifrons. Pronotum without anterior transverse setal fringe. Posterior setal fringe consists of spatulate setae, entirely hidden by posterior edge of pronotum. Elytral intervals with almost invisible row of setae. Setae rather short, recumbent (up to a quarter of interval width). Ventral side covered with overlapping, round scales. Ventrites with overlapping scales and short hairs. Basisternum sparsely squamose, mesobasisternum bare. Meso- and metapleura covered with overlapping scales. Antennal scape setose, covered with overlapping, round and oval concave scales; setae spatulate recumbent or subrecumbent. Funicle setose, with slender and spatulate scales; setae slender, suberect, as long as funicular segment 7. Femora and tibiae external surface covered with overlapping scales and suberect setae, internal surface with sparse piliform scales and hairs, distal portion of tibiae internal surface without scales; setae on legs slender, acute. Male metatibiae with small grooming brush; hairs short. Tarsi setose and densely squamose.</p> <p>Coloration. Integument of body and limbs deep-brown. Background scaling consists of deep-brown and gray scales; scales concave with slightly pronounced pearl shine. Head, body and limbs with brown-grayish marmorate pattern. Elytral disc with indistinct dark large spot.</p> <p>Head. Rostrum weakly elongate RL/RW: 1.18–1.42 (1.31), parallel-sided. Pterygia not extended beyond contour of rostrum. Antennal sockets dorsal. Antennifers half-visible. Lateral carinae convex. Epifrons almost parallel-sided, at the level of antennal articulation 1.6x narrower than vertex, distinctly sloping at sides, with median sulcus. Transverse sulcus deep, concealed by dense scaling at dorsal surface and at sides. Anterior portion of epifrons weakly sloped, without median sulcus. Frons steep, glabrous, bare, with 4 frontal setae. Epistome vestigial, very narrow, transverse, delimited by narrow carina, bears 4 epistomal setae. Eyes orbicular, sublateral, strongly convex, highest at the middle [FW/ELD: 1.52–1.72 (1.60)]. Vertex flat, broad. Frontal fovea concealed by scales.</p> <p>Antennae. Scape extended behind anterior edge of pronotum, straight, thick. Funicular segment 1 as long as or longer than 2nd; segments 3–4 oblong; segments 5–7 as long as wide. Club egg-shaped.</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum transverse [PL/PW: 0.90–0.94 (0.92)], evenly slightly convex at sides, not constricted at anterior portion, widest at middle. Disc flat. Posterior edge straight. Tergosternal suture complete. Metanepisternal suture obsolete posteriorly.</p> <p>Elytra. Elytra globose, anterior edge arcuate, vertical [EL/EW: 1.17–1.24 (1.2)]; disc in male weakly, in female strongly convex [EL/BH: 1.48–1.67 (1.61)]. Subscutellar callosity reaches 2nd elytral interval, with 2 tiny strongly convex tubercles.</p> <p>Legs. Protibiae and mesotibiae almost straight, not widened at the apex. Interior edge C-shaped, with or without teeth in distal portion. Meso- and metatibiae with 2 large teeth and several small ones in between on interior edge. Mucro well developed, thorn-shaped, acute. Setal comb of protibiae consists of sparse 7–8 black setae not extending beyond external edge of tibiae, partly hidden by spatulate setae. Bevel of metatibiae narrowly enclosed, its surface densely setose. Tarsi robust; tarsomere 2 transverse, 1.5 x as wide as length; tarsomere 3 with two wide lobes; tarsomere 5 of metatarsus extending beyond apical lobes of 3rd by length of the last one.</p> <p>Abdomen. Posterior margin of 1st ventrite straight. 2nd ventrite 1.5 x as long as 3rd one, posterior margin of 2nd ventrite straight. 5th ventrite in male flat, in female weakly convex near the apex; apical edge in male broadly rounded, in female acute.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe parallel-sided, tubular, in apical 1/4 sharply narrowed anteriorly; apex attenuate, narrowly rounded, dorso-ventrally slightly swollen; 0.7 x as long as apodeme. Internal sac without spiculate fields, with large, long aggonoporium consisting of two stick-shaped lobes connected proximally by transverse bridge. Ostium elongate. Ligulae membranous. Parameres absent, basal piece of tegmen very broad, tegminal apodeme 0.75 x as long as apodemes of median lobe.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Styli well developed, stick-shaped, bearing 3 setae. Spermatheca moderately sclerotized, with very long and slender ramus, collum slender, as long as ramus. Corpus small, slightly swollen. cornus thick, extended beyond corpus. Tergite 8 arcuate with curved fringe of multiple, tenuous, short setae at the apex. Sternite 8 thick. Lamella sharply narrowed and acute, without setae, knife-shaped, heavily sclerotized. Apodeme thick, caput large.</p> <p>Distribution. Kenya: Nairobi (Karura and Oloolua Forest) (Fig. 365).</p> <p>Bionomics. Lowland rain forest; 1600–1700 m a.s.l. Trees and shrubs, canopy.</p> <p>Type material. Kenya: Lectotype ♂, here designated (MNHN) “Afrique orient. anglaise / forêt de Nairobi, Alluaud &amp; Jeannel / Nov.-Dec. 1911 - 1700 m., St. 11”. Paralectotype 1♀ (MNHN), “Afrique orient. anglaise / forêt de Nairobi, Alluaud &amp; Jeannel / Nov.-Dec. 1911 - 1700 m St. 28”.</p> <p>Material examined. Kenya: 3♂, 1♀ (TAU) <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=36.828335&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-1.2433333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 36.828335/lat -1.2433333)">Nairobi</a>, Karura Forest, [S1 14.6 E36 49.7], L. Friedman leg., 16.x.2007; 1♀ (BMNH), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=36.703888&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-1.3630556" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 36.703888/lat -1.3630556)">Nairobi Area</a>, Langata Forest [= Oloolua Forest, Nairobi env.], 1°21'47" S 36°42'14" E, van Someren, xii.1938; 2♂ (BMNH), Nairobi Area, Nairobi / Kenya Colony / 5450 ft. / 20.iii.1921, Gedye A.F. leg.; 1♀ (BMNH), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.375553&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.0577776" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.375553/lat -2.0577776)">Nairobi Area</a>, Nairobi, van Someren leg., vii.1937; 1f # (BMNH), Emali Range / Sultan Hamud / 4900-5900 ft. 3-1940, 2°3'28" S 37°22'32" E.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B33214FFF6FFF5FF42AAE9FD0E4C05	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yunakov, Nikolai	Yunakov, Nikolai (2012): 3535. Zootaxa 3535: 1-104
03B33214FFC9FFF4FF42A9D1FBC0489F.text	03B33214FFC9FFF4FF42A9D1FBC0489F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sphrigodellus nguruensis Yunakov 2012	<div><p>Sphrigodellus nguruensis Yunakov, sp. n.</p> <p>(figs 37, 38, 244–258, 365)</p> <p>Diagnosis. Similar to S. usambaricus sp. n. in general appearance; differs by multituberculate subscutellar callosity (6 tubercles; in S. usambaricus only 2 smaller tubercles present); elytral intervals 3, 5 without setae or sparsely setose; funicular segment 1 without scales; funicular setae longer (1.7 x as long as funicular segment 7; in S. usambaricus sp. n. —1.5 x as long as funicular segment 7); alternate striped pattern sharp (intervals 2, 4, 6 deep-brown; in S. usambaricus sp. n. —obscure, intervals 2, 4, 6 light brown); epifrons with distinct median sulcus; meso- and metatibiae with 3–4 large teeth on interior edge (in S. usambaricus sp. n. with 2 small teeth); protibial interior in distal portion densely serrate; aggonoporium of internal sac with thick lobes (in S. usambaricus with thin lobes; lobes of sternite 9 with strong posterior process; spermatheca with corpus small, moderately swollen, cornus thick, narrowly rounded; female tergite 8 trapezoid with long slightly arcuate setal fringe.</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>Measurements. BL: 3.40–4.05 (3.79) mm, BW: 1.44–1.92 (1.67) mm, BH: 1.24–1.60 (1.45) mm.</p> <p>Vestiture. Body densely covered with overlapping, round concave scales, setose. Setae of head form rows along lateral edges of epifrons (recumbent or subrecumbent) and above the eyes (erect). Subocular row consists of 5–7 setae. Lateral carinae of rostrum and lateral edges of epifrons densely squamose. Anterior setal fringe consists of 4 (2+2) setae in female or 8 (4+4) in male. Setae of this row large, strongly differ from ones on pronotal disc. Posterior setal fringe consists of long spatulate setae, partly hidden by posterior edge of pronotum. Elytral intervals 1, 2, 4, 6 with distinct row of setae; intervals 3, 5 without setae or sparsely setose. Anterior half of elytra with short, suberect setae (0.5 x as long as interval width), posterior declivity with long (as long as interval width), strongly erect narrow truncate setae. Ventral side of thorax and abdomen densely squamose; basisternum and mesobasisternum bare. Antennal scape setose and densely squamose; setae long, erect, thick, acute or truncate. Funicle setose, without scales; setae suberect 1.7 x as long as funicular segment 7. Femora and tibiae external surface covered with overlapping scales as on antennal scape; densely setose; internal surface with the same dense vestiture, distal portion of tibiae internal surface without scales; setae on legs slender, acute. Male metatibiae with sparse grooming brush; hairs short. Tarsi setose and squamose.</p> <p>Coloration. Integument of body deep-brown to black, of legs deep-brown. Background scaling consists of light brown, brown and cupreous scales; striped pattern formed by cupreous, brown and green scales. Dark and pale scales both with slightly pronounced pearl shine. Head multicolour rostrum brownish-cupreous; vertex, occiput, temples, genae, and articulation surface covered with green scales. Pronotum with deep-brown background scaling and 5 broad longitudinal cupreous stripes: 1 discal (narrow) and 4 lateral (broad). Elytra with brownish-cupreous background scaling, alternate striped pattern sharp (intervals 2, 4, 6 deep-brown). Elytral intervals entirely (1, 7, 9, 11) or at posterior declivity (3, 5) green. Ventral side of pronotum and mesosternum green, metasternum and abdomen cupreous. Femora brown-cupreous, proximal portion and ventral surface with green scales. Tibiae cupreous.</p> <p>Head. Rostrum strongly elongate [RL/RW: 1.24–1.50 (1.41)], parallel-sided. Pterygia not extended beyond contour of rostrum. Antennal sockets dorsal. Antennifers half-visible. Epifrons distinctly sinuate in middle, at the level of antennal articulation 1.5 x as wide as vertex width, with transverse depression posteriorly of antennal sockets, distinctly sloping at sides and anteriorly almost vertical, with distinct median sulcus, without median carina. Transverse sulcus deep, concealed by dense scaling at dorsal surface and partly open at sides. Anterior portion of epifrons almost vertical with shallow longitudinal depression. Epistome vestigial, very narrow, transverse, delimited by narrow carina, bears 8–10 epistomal setae. Eyes sublateral, broadly oval, moderately convex, highest posteriorly [FW/ELD: 0.9–1.12 (0.97)]. Vertex narrow, flat. Frontal fovea deep, oblong. Occiput distinctly constricted (see in lateral view).</p> <p>Antennae. Scape extended behind anterior edge of pronotum, weakly evenly curved, thick. 1st funicular segment longer and wider than 2nd; 3rd–7th oblong. Club egg-shaped.</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum transverse [PL/PW: 0.90–0.96 (0.94)], evenly slightly convex at sides, distinctly constricted at anterior portion, widest anteriorly of the middle. Disc weakly convex longitudinally and transversally, with sublateral depressions and tubercles in posterior half. Posterior edge straight. Tergosternal suture complete but concealed by scales. Metanepisternal suture obsolete posteriorly.</p> <p>Elytra. in male oblong-oval, in female oval [EL/EW: 1.35–1.57 (1.46)]; sides in basal 1/3 straight; anterior edge arcuate, vertical, narrowly rounded; disc in male weakly convex, in female strongly convex [EL/BH: 1.62–1.71 (1.68)]. Subscutellar callosity reaches 3rd interval, with 6 tiny tubercles.</p> <p>Legs. Protibiae and mesotibiae almost straight, not widened at the apex, interior edge C-shaped in distal portion densely serrate. Meso- and metatibiae with 3–4 large teeth on interior edge (straight). Mucro well developed, thornshaped, acute. Setal comb of protibiae sparse, consists of 7–8 black setae not extending beyond external edge of tibiae, hidden by fringe of pale spatulate setae. Bevel of metatibiae narrowly enclosed; its surface entirely densely setose. Grooming brush dense, consists of long setae. Tarsi robust; tarsomere 2 transverse, 1.5 x as wide as length; tarsomere 3 with two wide lobes; tarsomere 5 of metatarsus extending beyond apical lobes of 3rd by length of the last one.</p> <p>Abdomen. Posterior margin of 1st ventrite straight. 2nd ventrite 1.5 x as long as 3rd one, its posterior margin straight. 5th ventrite flat, without depression near the apex, apical edge in male broadly rounded, in female acute.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe parallel-sided in middle, in apical 1/4 sharply evenly narrowed anteriorly; narrowly rounded, dorso-ventrally slightly swollen; 0.7 x as long as apodeme. Lateral edges of median lobe fused do not form longitudinal carina. Internal sac without spiculate fields, with large, long aggonoporium consisting of two stick-shaped thick lobes connected proximally by transverse bridge, ventral processes absent. Ostium stickshaped, moderately sclerotized. Ligulae membranous. Parameres absent, basal piece of tegmen broad, tegminal apodeme 0.75 x as long as apodemes of median lobe.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Styli well developed, stick-shaped, bearing 1 seta. Spermatheca moderately sclerotized, with thick ramus, collum slender 2 x as long as ramus. Corpus small, moderately swollen. cornus thick, narrowly rounded, not extended beyond corpus. Tergite 8 trapezoid with long slightly arcuate fringe of tenuous long setae at the apex. Sternite 8 thick. Lamella sharply narrowed and acute missing the setae, knife-shaped, heavily sclerotized. Apodeme thick, caput distinctly developed.</p> <p>Distribution. Tanzania: Nguru Mountains (Fig. 365).</p> <p>Bionomics. Montane rain forests.</p> <p>Material examined. Tanzania: Holotype male, dissected (CNC) Morogoro Reg., Nguru Mts. at <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.538612&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-6.0747223" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.538612/lat -6.0747223)">Turani</a>, h = 1277 m 06°04'29''S, 037°32'19''E, sifting03, V.Grebennikov leg., 31.x.2010; Paratype: 1♀ (CNC) Morogoro Reg., Nguru Mts. at <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.538612&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-6.0747223" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.538612/lat -6.0747223)">Turani</a>, h = 1277 m 06°04'29''S, 037°32'19''E, sifting06, V. Grebennikov leg., 04.xi.2010.</p> <p>Etymology. The name is a Latin adjective meaning “inhabiting Nguru Mountains”.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B33214FFC9FFF4FF42A9D1FBC0489F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yunakov, Nikolai	Yunakov, Nikolai (2012): 3535. Zootaxa 3535: 1-104
03B33214FFCBFFF6FF42A85CFEFE4A20.text	03B33214FFCBFFF6FF42A85CFEFE4A20.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sphrigodellus viridegriseus Yunakov 2012	<div><p>Sphrigodellus viridegriseus Yunakov, sp. n.</p> <p>(figs 27, 28, 259–272, 365, 366, 371, 372)</p> <p>Diagnosis. Similar to S. centralis (Hust.) in dense vestiture. Strictly differs from majority known species by pronotum without anterior transverse setal fringe; parameres well developed; aggonoporium with curved lobes; spermatheca with thick collum and ramus. From S. centralis it differs by elytra oval; small size. [BL: 2.43–3.05 (2.74), BW: 1.16–1.6 (1.36), BH: 1–1.52 (1.25)]; subocular row above the eyes with 2 setae; elytral setae half as long as interval width; ventrites with serried scales; tarsi setose, without scales; elytra with distinct marmorated grey-brown-green pattern, large dark spot is absent; eyes highest posteriorly; antennal scape curved, thin. Funicular segment 1 1.5 x as long as 2nd one; funicular segments 3–7 oblong; club spindle-shaped; median lobe with strong dorsal angulate flange; spermatheca with cornus slender, not extending beyond corpus; female tergite 8 subtrapezoid.</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>Measurements. BL: 2.43–3.05 (2.74) mm, BW: 1.16–1.6 (1.36) mm, BH: 1.00–1.52 (1.25) mm.</p> <p>Vestiture. Body densely covered with overlapping, round, concave scales, setose. Setae of head recumbent, form indistinct subocular row above the eyes (consists of 2 setae), and along lateral edges of epifrons. Pronotum without anterior transverse setal fringe. Posterior setal fringe consists of spatulate setae, partly hidden by posterior edge of pronotum. Elytral intervals 1–5 with almost invisible row of setae. Setae recumbent, spatulate, half as long as interval width. Ventral side covered with overlapping, round scales. Ventrites with serried (not overlapping) scales and short hairs. Basisternum sparsely squamose, mesobasisternum bare. Antennal scape setose and squamose; setae very long, slender, acute, recumbent, strongly curved. Funicle setose, without scales; setae suberect, as long as funicular segment 7; funicular segments 6–7 densely setose. Femora and tibiae external and internal surfaces covered with overlapping scales and recumbent, slender, curved, acute setae. Distal portion of tibiae bare (without scales). Male metatibiae with sparse very small grooming brush; hairs short. Tarsi setose.</p> <p>Coloration. Integument of body deep-brown to black, of limbs deep-brown. Background scaling consists of greyish-brown, and grey scales; spotted pattern often obvious, formed by gray, brown and green scales. Dark and pale scales both with slightly pronounced pearl shine. Head grey, indistinctly brownish maculate. Pronotum with deep-brown background scaling and 3 longitudinal broad stripes: 1 discal and 2 lateral. Anterior 2/3 of stripes consist of grey scales and basal 1/3 -green. Elytra with distinct marmorated grey-brown-green pattern. Ventral side including meso- and metapleura green-grey. Femora brown with broad grey bands in middle and distal portion, and occasionally with small spots of green scales at internal surface. Tibiae external surface grey, without bands.</p> <p>Head. Rostrum weakly elongate [RL/RW: 1.18–1.26 (1.22)], parallel-sided. Pterygia not extended beyond contour of rostrum. Antennal sockets dorsal. Antennifers partly hidden by lateral edges of epifrons. Lateral carinae hardly convex. Epifrons distinctly sinuate in middle, at the level of antennal articulation 0.5 x as wide as vertex, abruptly sloping anteriorly, scarcely concave without median sulcus. Lateral edges of epifrons in basal 2/3 not pronounced. Transverse sulcus concealed by dense scaling at dorsal surface and partly open at sides. Epistome vestigial, very narrow, transverse, delimited by narrow carina, bears 2 tiny epistomal setae. Eyes broadly-ovate, sublateral, strongly convex, highest posteriorly [FW/ELD= 0.83–1.03 (0.92)]. Vertex flat. Frontal fovea deep, elongate, concealed by scales.</p> <p>Antennae. Scape reaches the middle of pronotum, scarcely evenly curved, weakly clavate, thin. 1st funicular segment 1.5 x longer and wider than 2nd; 3rd–7th oblong. Club spindle-shaped.</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum transverse or scarcely transverse [PL/PW: 0.86–0.94 (0.90)], evenly slightly convex at sides, not constricted, widest at the middle. Disc flat, without lateral depressions and carinae. Posterior edge of pronotum straight. Tergosternal suture complete. Metanepisternal suture obsolete posteriorly.</p> <p>Elytra. Oblong-oval (male) to oval (female) [EL/EW: 1.25–1.33 (1.29)], anterior edge arcuate, vertical; disc in both sexes moderately convex at the disc [EL/BH: 1.32–1.54 (1.41)]. Subsutural callosity distinct, with 2 tiny tubercles.</p> <p>Legs. Protibiae and mesotibiae almost straight, not widened at the apex, interior edge slightly C-shaped, with group of teeth and strong setae in distal portion. Meso- and metatibiae with single large tooth near mucro. Interior edge of male mesotibiae not sinuate in distal 1/3. Mucro well developed, thorn-shaped, acute. Setal comb of protibiae consists of ca.10 sparse brown setae not extending beyond external edge of tibiae and partly hidden by broad setae. Bevel of metatibiae narrowly enclosed, its surface setose. Tarsi robust; tarsomere 2 triangular, transverse, 1.5 as wide as length; tarsomere 3 with two wide lobes; tarsomere 5 of metatarsus extending beyond apical lobes of 3rd by length of the last one.</p> <p>Abdomen. Posterior margin of 1st ventrite arcuate. 2nd ventrite 1.5 x as long as 3rd one, posterior margin of 2nd ventrite arcuate. Male 5th ventrite flat, without depression near the apex, apical edge broadly rounded. Female 5th ventrite flat, apical edge acute.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe parallel-sided, moderately curved dorso-ventrally, in apical 1/3 evenly narrowed anteriorly; lateral edges partly fused in basal 1/3; apex acute, with strong dorsal angulate flange; 0.8 x as long as apodeme. Internal sac without spiculate fields, with large, long aggonoporium consisting of two stick-shaped symmetrical lobes connected proximally by transverse bridge and long proximal process. Ostium long stick-shaped, heavily sclerotized, protruded from preputial field of median lobe. Ligulae sclerotized. Parameres long, fused in base; basal piece of tegmen narrow, tegminal apodeme 0.75 x as long as apodemes of median lobe.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Styli well developed, stick-shaped, bearing 1 seta. Spermatheca moderately sclerotized, with very short ramus, collum oblong. Corpus slightly swollen. cornus slender, not extending beyond corpus. Tergite 8 subtrapezoid, with angulate fringe of multiple, tenuous, short setae at the apex. Sternite 8 thick. Lamella sharply narrowed and acute, without setae, knife-shaped, heavily sclerotized. Apodeme thick, straight, with distinctly defined caput.</p> <p>Distribution. Tanzania: North Pare Mountains (Kiverenge Forest Reserve) (figs 365, 366).</p> <p>Bionomics. Xerothermic forests; 1500 m a.s.l. Trees and shrubs canopy; on Myrsine africana (figs 371, 372).</p> <p>Material examined. Tanzania: 7♂, 3♀, including holotype male, dissected (ZMUN) TZ-11-39, Kilimanjaro Reg., North Pare Mts., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.6488&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.8103333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.6488/lat -3.8103333)">Kiverenge Forest Reserve</a>, S3 48.620 E37 38.928, h = 1495 m, xerothermic forest, beating, on Myrsine africana, N.N. Yunakov leg., 14.v.2011.</p> <p>Etymology. The name is a Latin adjective describing coloration of body; it compounds “viridis”—green and “griseus”—grey.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B33214FFCBFFF6FF42A85CFEFE4A20	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yunakov, Nikolai	Yunakov, Nikolai (2012): 3535. Zootaxa 3535: 1-104
03B33214FFCAFFF0FF42AFACFA9A4D65.text	03B33214FFCAFFF0FF42AFACFA9A4D65.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sphrigodellus kiverengei Yunakov 2012	<div><p>Sphrigodellus kiverengei Yunakov, sp. n.</p> <p>(figs 25–26, 273–288, 365, 366, 371, 372)</p> <p>Diagnosis. Very similar to S. viridegriseus sp. n. in general appearance, but may be easily defined in structure of male genitalia median lobe with thin dorsal carina; aggonoporium large bifurcate, consists of two stick-shaped curved lobes connected proximally by transverse bridge. It also differs by external structures: scales slightly overlapping; anterior setal fringe consists of 4 (1+1+1+1) recumbent setae; elytral intervals 1–6 (females) 1–7 (males) with distinct row of setae; tarsi setose and squamose; rostrum as long as wide; transverse sulcus deep, distinctly visible; eyes large [FW/ELD: 1.07–1.36 (1.21), in S. viridegriseus sp. n. FW/ELD: 0.83–1.03 (0.92)]; pronotal disc slightly convex transversally; elytra oval in both sexes; subscutellar callosity concealed by scales, tubercles not developed; male protibiae with interior edge strongly C-shaped; male metatibiae distinctly sinuate in distal 1/3, with 1 large and 2–4 tiny teeth on interior edge; 2nd ventrite 1.5 x as long as 3rd one, posterior margin of 2nd ventrite arcuate; male 5th ventrite with depression near the apex, apical edge truncate.</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>Measurements. BL: 3.14–3.70 (3.40) mm, BW: 1.50–1.82 (1.72) mm, BH: 1.34–1.80 (1.63) mm.</p> <p>Vestiture. Integument of body deep-brown to black, of legs deep-brown. Body densely covered with slightly overlapping, round depressed scales, setose. Setae of head form rows along lateral edges of epifrons (recumbent or subrecumbent) and above the eyes (suberect). Subocular row consists of 3–4 setae. Anterior setal fringe reduced. Posterior setal fringe consists of spatulate setae, partly hidden by posterior edge of pronotum. Elytral intervals 1–6 (females) 1–7 (males) with distinct row of setae. Anterior half of elytra with hardly shorter erect setae [up to half (males) or a third (females) of interval width], posterior declivity with long, strongly erect, thick, truncate setae [up to as 0.63 (males) or half (females) an interval width]. Ventral side densely squamose. Ventrites with scales serried (not overlapping) scales; male anal ventrite with piliform scales long, but without hairs in apical portion. Metapleura densely squamose, scales serried; basisternum and mesobasisternum sparsely squamose. Antennal scape setose and squamose; setae very long, slender, acute, and suberect, curved. Funicle setose, without scales; setae suberect, as long as funicular segment 7. Femora and tibiae external and internal surfaces (incl. distal portion of tibiae) covered with overlapping scales and suberect setae, internal surface with sparse hairs; setae slender, acute. Male metatibiae with sparse very small grooming brush; hairs short. Tarsi setose and squamose.</p> <p>Integument. Body deep-brown to black; limbs deep-brown.</p> <p>Coloration. Background scaling consists of greyish-brown, and grey scales; spotted pattern often obvious, formed mainly by gray and brown scales. Dark and pale scales both with slightly pronounced pearl shine. Head brown, indistinctly greyish maculate. Pronotum with deep-brown background scaling and 3 longitudinal grey stripes: 1 discal (thin, obsolete) and 2 lateral (broad, rather distinct). Lateral stripes broad. Green scales mostly absent; occasionally solitary scales scattered in basal half of pronotum. Elytra with brown background scaling, with distinct spotted pattern; with. green scales scattered through the elytral disc. Ventral side including meso- and metapleura green-grey. Femora brown with broad grey bands in middle and distal portion, and occasionally with small spots of green scales at internal surface. Tibiae external surface grey, without bands.</p> <p>Head. Rostrum as long as wide [RL/RW: 1.00], parallel-sided. Pterygia not extended beyond contour of rostrum. Antennal sockets dorsal. Antennifers partly hidden by lateral edges of epifrons. Lateral carinae hardly convex. Epifrons parallel-sided distinctly sinuate in middle, at the level of antennal articulation 0.7 x as wide as vertex width, weakly sloping at sides and abruptly sloping anteriorly, scarcely concave and weakly sulcate in anterior portion (median sulcus concealed by dense scaling). Transverse sulcus deep, less concealed by dense scaling at dorsal surface and partly open at sides. Epistome vestigial, very narrow, transverse, delimited by narrow carina, bears 2 tiny epistomal setae. Eyes broadly-ovate, sublateral, strongly convex, highest posteriorly [FW/ELD: 1.07–1.36 (1.21)]. Vertex flat. Frontal fovea deep, elongate, concealed by scales.</p> <p>Antennae. Scape reaches middle of pronotum, scarcely evenly curved, at the apex clavate. Funicular segment 1 very long, 1.5 x as long as 2nd; 3rd–7th oblong. Club spindle-shaped.</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum transverse or scarcely transverse [PL/PW: 0.82–0.95 (0.87)], evenly slightly convex at sides, not constricted, widest at the middle. Disc slightly convex transversally, without lateral depressions and carinae. Posterior edge of pronotum straight. Tergosternal suture complete. Metanepisternal suture obsolete posteriorly.</p> <p>Elytra. Oval [EL/EW: 1.22–1.36 (1.28)], anterior edge arcuate, vertical. Disc moderately convex [EL/BH 1.24 – 1.50 (1.36)]. Subscutellar callosity concealed by scales, tubercles not developed.</p> <p>Legs. Protibiae and mesotibiae almost straight, not widened at the apex, interior edge strongly C-shaped and serrate in distal portion. Meso- and metatibiae with 1 large and 2–4 tiny teeth on interior edge. Interior edge of male mesotibiae distinctly sinuate in distal 1/3. Mucro well developed, thorn-shaped, acute. Setal comb of protibiae consists of ca.10–14 sparse brown setae not extending beyond external edge of tibiae. Bevel of metatibiae narrowly enclosed; its surface bare. Tarsi robust; tarsomere 2 triangular, as long as wide; tarsomere 3 with two wide lobes; tarsomere 5 of metatarsus extending beyond apical lobes of 3rd by length of the last one.</p> <p>Abdomen. Posterior margin of 1st ventrite slightly arcuate. 2 nd ventrite 2 x as long as 3 rd one, posterior margin of 2 nd ventrite straight. Male 5 th ventrite flat, with weak depression near the apex, apical edge truncate. Female 5 th ventrite convex, apical edge acute.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe parallel-sided, apically acute; 0.7 x as long as apodeme; apex with dorsal angulate flange. Lateral edges of median lobe fused. Internal sac with dense spiculate fields in distal half, with large bifurcate aggonoporium consisting of two stick-shaped curved lobes connected proximally by transverse bridge. Ostium long stick-shaped, heavily sclerotized, protruded from preputial field of median lobe. Ligulae membranous. Parameres fused in basal 1/2, basal piece of tegmen narrow, tegminal apodeme 0.5 x as long as apodemes of median lobe.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Styli well developed, stick-shaped, bearing 1 seta. Spermatheca moderately sclerotized, with very short ramus and collum. Corpus slightly swollen. cornus slender, significantly extended beyond corpus. Tergite 8 subtrapezoid, with angulate fringe of multiple, tenuous, short setae at the apex. Sternite 8 thick. Lamella sharply narrowed and acute, without setae, knife-shaped, heavily sclerotized. Apodeme thick, straight, with illdefined caput.</p> <p>Distribution. Tanzania: North Pare Mountains (Kiverenge Forest Reserve) (figs 365, 366).</p> <p>Bionomics. Xerothermic forests; 1500 m a.s.l. Trees and shrubs canopy; on Myrsine africana (Myrsinaceae) (figs 371, 372).</p> <p>Material examined. Tanzania: 9♂, 2♀, including holotype male, dissected (ZMUN) TZ-11-40, Kilimanjaro Reg., North Pare Mts., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.648567&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.8107834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.648567/lat -3.8107834)">Kiverenge Forest Reserve</a>, S3 48.647 E37 38.914 h = 1508 m, xerothermic forest, beating, on Myrsine africana, N.N. Yunakov leg., 14.v.2011.</p> <p>Etymology. The name refers to Kiverenge Forest in North Pare Mountains where this species occurs.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B33214FFCAFFF0FF42AFACFA9A4D65	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yunakov, Nikolai	Yunakov, Nikolai (2012): 3535. Zootaxa 3535: 1-104
03B33214FFCCFFF3FF42A8F1FB2549FF.text	03B33214FFCCFFF3FF42A8F1FB2549FF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sphrigodellus aberdarecola Yunakov 2012	<div><p>Sphrigodellus aberdarecola Yunakov, sp. n.</p> <p>(figs 289–301, 365)</p> <p>Diagnosis. Similar to S. sundi sp. n. and S. taitae sp. n. in general appearance. From S. sundi sp. n. it differs by size small [BL: 2.74–3.00 (2.87) in S. sundi —BL: 3.01–3.70 (3.45)]; subocular row consists of 4–5 setae; anterior portion of epifrons with median sulcus; frontal fovea long; male metatibiae weakly serrate; male elytra oblongoval; median lobe with apex sharply narrowed; spermatheca with collum shorter. From S. taitae sp. n. it differs by eyes highest posteriorly; antennal scape thick; funicular segment 2 shorter than 3rd–4th together; elytra narrow; subocular row consists of 4–5 setae; subscutellar callosity with 2 tiny tubercles; median lobe in apical 1/5 sharply narrowed anteriorly; preputial opening elongate; ostium triangular; spermatheca with collum 2 x as long as ramus.</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>Measurements. BL: 2.74–3.00 (2.87) mm, BW: 1.30–1.52 (1.38) mm, BH: 1.10–1.20 (1.15) mm.</p> <p>Vestiture. Body densely covered with overlapping, round scales, setose. Setae of head form rows along lateral edges of epifrons (recumbent or subrecumbent) and above the eyes (erect). Subocular row consists of 4–5 setae. Anterior setal fringe consists of 8 (1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1) suberect setae; they weakly differ from ones on pronotal disc. Posterior setal fringe consists of spatulate setae, partly hidden by posterior edge of pronotum. Elytral intervals 1–6 with distinct row of setae. Anterior half of elytra with rather short suberect setae (up to a third of interval width), posterior declivity with rather long, strongly erect, thick, truncate setae (as long as interval width). Ventral side rather sparsely squamose. Ventrites with scattered scales and short hairs. Metapleura densely squamose but scales not serried; basisternum and mesobasisternum bare. Antennal scape setose, with recumbent piliform scales; setae long, slender, acute, and erect. Funicle setose, without scales; setae suberect as long as funicular segment 7. Femora and tibiae external surface covered with overlapping scales and suberect setae, internal surface with sparse piliform scales and hairs, distal portion of tibiae internal surface without scales; setae on legs slender, acute. Male metatibiae with small grooming brush; hairs short. Tarsi setose.</p> <p>Coloration. Integument of body deep-brown to black, of legs deep-brown. Background sacling deep-brown; spotted pattern formed by green scales. Dark and pale scales both with slightly pronounced pearl shine. In female: epifrons and vertex brown; anterior portion of epifrons, pterygia, subocular area, temples, genae, and articulation surface covered with green scales. Pronotum with deep-brown background scaling and 2 broad lateral green stripes. Elytra deep-brown, posterior declivity with broad transverse green stripe. Elytral intervals 5–7 with green spots in basal portion. Ventral side with sparse green scales. Femora brown-cupreous, proximal portion and ventral surface with green scales. Tibiae external surface cupreous. In male: background scaling coloration of head and body brownish-cupreous or confused (deepbrown+grey+green); anterior portion of epifrons, and subocular area covered with green scales. Pronotum brownish-cupreous, occasionally with two broad longitudinal brown stripes at the disc. Elytra coloration brownish-cupreous or confused (deep-brown + grey + green), posterior declivity with broad transverse stripe (consists of cupreous and green scales) banded by black scales on posterior margin. Elytral apex and intervals 3–11 with green spots in basal and apical portion.</p> <p>Head. Rostrum as long as wide or weakly elongate [RL/RW: 1.00–1.19 (1.09)], slightly widened from base to apex. Pterygia not extended beyond contour of rostrum. Antennal sockets dorsal. Antennifers half-visible. Lateral carinae convex. Epifrons weakly sinuate in middle, at the level of antennal articulation 1.5 x as wide as vertex width, distinctly sloping at sides, with median sulcus. Transverse sulcus deep, concealed by dense scaling at dorsal surface and at sides. Anterior portion of epifrons steep, with median sulcus. Frons vertical, glabrous, bare, with 4 setae. Epistome vestigial, very narrow, transverse, delimited by narrow carina, bears 6 epistomal setae. Eyes orbicular, sublateral, strongly convex, highest posteriorly [FW/ELD: 1.09–1.14 (1.11)]. Vertex in male narrow, in female broad, flat. Frontal fovea visible, long, furrow-shaped.</p> <p>Antennae. Scape extended behind anterior edge of pronotum, straight, swollen in distal portion. 1st funicular segment 1.2 x as long as 2nd; 2nd segment 2 x as long as wide; 3rd–4th weakly oblong; funicular segments 5–7 as long as wide. Club broadly-spindle-shaped.</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum transverse [PL/PW: 0.85–0.90 (0.86)], evenly slightly convex at sides, constricted at apex, widest anteriorly of the middle. Disc strongly convex longitudinally and transversally. Posterior edge straight. Tergosternal suture complete. Metanepisternal suture obsolete posteriorly.</p> <p>Elytra. Oblong-oval (male) to broadly-ovate (female) [EL/EW: 1.25–1.36 (1.31)]; anterior declivity arcuate, abrupt, sharpen; disc in male weakly convex, in female convex at disc [EL/BH: 1.48–1.64 (1.61)]. Subscutellar callosity reaches 3rd elytral interval, with 2 tiny tubercles.</p> <p>Legs. Protibiae and mesotibiae almost straight, not widened at the apex, interior edge C-shaped, with tooth in distal portion. Meso- and metatibiae interior edge with 2 teeth. Mucro well developed, thorn-shaped, acute. Setal comb of protibiae consists of sparse 9 black setae not extending beyond external edge of tibiae. Bevel of metatibiae narrowly enclosed, its surface partly setose. Tarsi robust; tarsomere 2 transverse, 1.5 x as wide as length; tarsomere 3 with two wide lobes; tarsomere 5 of metatarsus extending beyond apical lobes of 3rd by length of the last one.</p> <p>Abdomen. Posterior margin of 1st ventrite straight. 2nd ventrite 1.5 x as long as 3rd one, posterior margin of 2nd ventrite straight. 5th ventrite flat, without depression near the apex, apical edge in male broadly rounded, in female acute.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe parallel-sided, in apical 1/5 sharply narrowed anteriorly; apex attenuate, narrowly rounded, dorso-ventrally slightly flattened; as long as apodeme. Internal sac without spiculate fields, with large, long aggonoporium consisting of two stick-shaped lobes connected proximally by transverse bridge. Ostium elongate. Ligulae membranous. Parameres short, basal piece of tegmen very broad, tegminal apodeme 0.75 x as long as apodemes of median lobe.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Styli well developed, stick-shaped, bearing 3 setae. Spermatheca moderately sclerotized, with swollen ramus, collum slender 2 x as long as ramus. Corpus small, slightly swollen. cornus slender, extended beyond corpus. Tergite 8 subtrapezoid, with curved fringe of multiple, tenuous, short setae at the apex. Sternite 8 thick. Lamella sharply narrowed and acute, without setae, knife-shaped, heavily sclerotized. Apodeme thick, caput not developed.</p> <p>Distribution. Kenya: Aberdare Mountain Range.</p> <p>Bionomics. Montane rain forests with Croton sylvaticus, Garcinia livingstonei, Cassipourea malosana, Arundinaria alpina, Trema orientalis, Hibiscus sp. and bamboo forest with Arundinaria alpina and Lobelia sp.; 2300–3000 m a.s.l. Trees and shrubs, canopy.</p> <p>Material examined. Kenya: 3♂ including holotype (ZMUN) Central Prov., Nyandarua Distr. KE-063–065, Aberdare N.P., Salient, trail along Kinaini Riv. from Ruhuruini Gate, h = 2278–2283 m, 00°23'16.3–15.1''S, 036°49'03.3–55.2'' E, N. Yunakov leg., 19.ii.2009. Paratypes: 1♀ (ZMUN) Central Prov., Nyandarua Distr. KE- 072, Aberdare N.P., Salient, left board of Kinaini Riv. Valley, near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=36.8145&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.38608333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 36.8145/lat -0.38608333)">Ruhuruini Gate</a>, h = 2334 m 00°23'09.9''S, 036°48'52.2''E, N. Yunakov leg., 21.ii.2009; 9♂, 8♀ (BMNH) Kenya, Aberdare Range, 27.x.1934. / B.M. E. Afr. Exp. / B.M. 1935-203.”, “ Mt. Kinangop. / 9.000 ft. / J/ Ford /”, “ Bamboo forest.”;</p> <p>Etymology. The name is a Latin adjective meaning “inhabiting Aberdare mountains”.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B33214FFCCFFF3FF42A8F1FB2549FF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yunakov, Nikolai	Yunakov, Nikolai (2012): 3535. Zootaxa 3535: 1-104
03B33214FFCEFFFDFF42AB32FA3D496B.text	03B33214FFCEFFFDFF42AB32FA3D496B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sphrigodellus sundi Yunakov 2012	<div><p>Sphrigodellus sundi Yunakov, sp. n.</p> <p>(figs 302–316, 365)</p> <p>Diagnosis. Similar to S. aberdarecola sp. n. and S. taitae sp. n. in general appearance. From S. aberdarecola sp. n. it differs by large size [BL: 3.01–3.70 (3.45) in S. aberdarecola sp. n. —BL: 2.74–3.00 (2.87)]; subocular row consists of 7 setae; anterior portion of epifrons without median sulcus; frontal fovea short; male metatibiae distinctly serrate; male elytra oval; median lobe in apical 1/3 evenly narrowed anteriorly; spermatheca with collum longer. From S. taitae sp. n. it differs by eyes highest posteriorly; antennal scape weakly curved, thick, evenly swollen in distal portion, covered with strongly erect setae; funicular segment 2 less robust, oblong (1.5 x as long as wide, 0.7 x as long as funicular segments 3 and 4 together; in S. taitae sp. n. 2nd funicular segment 2 x as long as wide and as long as 3rd and 4th together; pronotal disc strongly convex; elytra in male ovate, in female broadlyovate [EL/EW: 1.20–1.37 (1.27)]; anterior edge arcuate, vertical; Subscutellar callosity of elytra with two tiny tubercles. Metatibial bevels with setose surface; aggonoporium 0.5 x as long as aedeagus; tip of median lobe oblong; ostium short; median lobe 1.5 x as long as apodeme; spermatheca with collum longer, 3 x as long as ramus (in S. taitae 2 x as long as ramus).</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>Measurements. BL: 3.01–3.70 (3.45) mm, BW: 1.52–2.00 (1.73) mm, BH: 1.44–1.80 (1.56) mm.</p> <p>Vestiture. Body densely covered with overlapping, round scales, setose. Setae of head form rows along lateral edges of epifrons (recumbent or subrecumbent) and above the eyes (erect). Subocular row consists of 7 setae. Anterior setal fringe consists of 8 (1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1) suberect setae; they weakly differ from ones on pronotal disc. Posterior setal fringe consists of spatulate setae, partly hidden by posterior edge of pronotum. Elytral intervals 1–7 with distinct row of setae. Anterior half of elytra with rather short suberect setae (half as long as interval width), posterior declivity with rather long, strongly erect, thick, acute or spatulate setae (as long as interval width). Ventral side rather sparsely squamose. Ventrites with scattered scales and short hairs. Metapleura densely squamose but scales not serried; basisternum and mesobasisternum bare. Antennal scape setose, with recumbent piliform scales; setae long, slender, acute, and erect. Funicle setose, without scales; setae suberect as long as segment 7th. Femora and tibiae external surface covered with overlapping scales and suberect setae, internal surface with sparse piliform scales and hairs, distal portion of tibiae internal surface without scales; setae on legs slender, acute. Male metatibiae with small grooming brush; hairs short. Tarsi setose.</p> <p>Coloration. Integument of body deep-brown to black, of limbs deep-brown. Background scaling deep-brown; spotted pattern formed by green scales. Dark and pale scales both with slightly pronounced pearl shine. Head dorsal surface brown; occasionally anterior portion of epifrons green. Pronotum with deep-brown background scaling and 2 broad lateral green stripes spreading to dorsal surface close to posterior pronotal edge. Elytra deepbrown, posterior declivity with broad transverse green stripe delimited by black line. Elytral intervals 3– 7 with green spots in basal portion; elytral apex green. Spotted pattern very variable. Occasionally humeral spots absent, very small or divided into several small spots or solitary green scales. Green scales may be replaced by cupreous ones or mixed with those. Ventral side with sparse green scales. Femora brown-cupreous, proximal portion and ventral surface with green scales. Tibiae external surface cupreous.</p> <p>Head. Rostrum as long as wide or weakly elongate [RL/RW: 1.00–1.22 (1.07)], parallel-sided or slightly widened from base to apex. Pterygia not extended beyond contour of rostrum. Antennal sockets dorsal. Antennifers half-visible. Lateral carinae convex. Epifrons weakly sinuate in middle, at the level of antennal articulation 1.7 x as wide as vertex width, distinctly sloping at sides, with median sulcus. Transverse sulcus deep, concealed by dense scaling. Anterior portion of epifrons steep, without median sulcus. Frons vertical, glabrous, bare, with 4 setae. Epistome vestigial, very narrow, transverse, delimited by narrow carina, bears 6 epistomal setae. Eyes orbicular, sublateral, strongly convex, highest posteriorly [FW/ELD: 1.03–1.29 (1.16)]. Vertex broad, flat. Frontal fovea visible, short, furrow-shaped.</p> <p>Antennae. Scape extended behind anterior edge of pronotum, weakly curved, thick, evenly swollen in distal portion. 1st funicular segment 1.4 x as long as 2nd; 2nd funicular segment 2 x as long as wide, 0.7 x as long as segments 3rd and 4th together; 3rd–4th oblong; 5–7th moniliform, as long as wide. Club broadly-spindle-shaped.</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum transverse [PL/PW: 0.83–0.95 (0.89)], evenly slightly convex at sides, constricted at apex, widest at middle. Disc strongly convex longitudinally and transversally. Posterior edge straight. Tergosternal suture complete. Metanepisternal suture obsolete posteriorly.</p> <p>Elytra. Ovate (male) to broadly-ovate (female) [EL/EW: 1.20–1.37 (1.27)]; anterior declivity arcuate, abrupt, sharpen; disc in male weakly convex, in female convex [EL/BH: 1.28–1.50 (1.41)]. Subscutellar callosity reaches 3rd elytral interval, with 2 tiny tubercles.</p> <p>Legs. Protibiae and mesotibiae almost straight, not widened distally; interior edge C-shaped, with tooth in distal portion. Meso- and metatibiae with 2 large and several small teeth between on interior edge. Mucro well developed, thorn-shaped, acute. Setal comb of protibiae consists of sparse 8–9 black setae not extending beyond external edge of tibiae. Bevel of metatibiae narrowly enclosed, its surface setose. Tarsi robust; tarsomere 2 transverse, 1.5 x as wide as length; tarsomere 3 with two wide lobes; tarsomere 5 of metatarsus extending beyond apical lobes of 3rd by length of the last one.</p> <p>Abdomen. Posterior margin of 1st ventrite straight. 2nd ventrite 1.5 x as long as 3rd one, posterior margin of 2nd ventrite straight. 5th ventrite flat, without depression near the apex, apical edge in male broadly rounded, in female acute.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe parallel-sided, tubular, in apical 1/3 evenly narrowed anteriorly; apex attenuate, narrowly rounded, dorso-ventrally slightly flattened; 1.5 x as long as apodeme. Internal sac without spiculate fields, with large, long aggonoporium (0.5 x as long as aedeagus) consisting of two stick-shaped lobes connected proximally by transverse bridge. Ostium short. Ligulae membranous. Parameres short, basal piece of tegmen very broad, tegminal apodeme 0.75 x as long as apodemes of median lobe.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Styli well developed, stick-shaped, bearing 3 setae. Spermatheca moderately sclerotized, with short broad ramus, collum slender, 3 x as long as ramus. Corpus small, slightly swollen. cornus thick, extended beyond corpus. Tergite 8 subtrapezoid, with curved fringe of multiple, tenuous, short setae at the apex. Sternite 8 thick: lamella sharply narrowed and acute, without setae, knife-shaped, heavily sclerotized; apodeme thick, caput large.</p> <p>Distribution. Tanzania: Mt. Kilimanjaro (Fig. 365)</p> <p>Bionomics. Montane rain forests; 2500–2700 m a.s.l. Trees and shrubs, canopy.</p> <p>Material examined. Tanzania: 2♂ including holotype (ZMUN) Kilimanjaro Reg., TZ-18 Kilimanjaro N.P., Mandara Hut, h = 2730 m [Garmin Etrex; WGS84] 03°10'48.1''S, 037°30'54.6''E, beaten, mountain rain forest: Schefflera sp., Mystroxylon aethiopicum, Dombeya sp., N. Yunakov leg., 19.xi.2008; 1♂, 3♀ (ZMUN) Kilimanjaro Reg., TZ-18, Kilimanjaro N.P., Mandara Hut, h = 2730 m [Garmin Etrex; WGS84] 03°10'48.1''S, 037°30'54.6''E, beaten, mountain rain forest. Schefflera sp., Mystroxylon aethiopicum, Dombeya sp., N. Yunakov leg., 15.xi.2008; 1♂, 1♀ (ZMUN) Kilimanjaro Reg., TZ-15, Kilimanjaro N.P., Mandara Hut, h= 2712 m, 03°10'55.0''S, 37°30'46.9''E, mountain rain forest, Hypericum, Schefflera, Psychotria, Podocarpus, Mystroxylon aethiopicum, N.Yunakov leg., 19.xi.2008; 1♂ (ZMUN) Kilimanjaro Reg., TZ-5a, Kilimanjaro N.P., 3.5 km E of Londorossi Gate, h = 2523 m 02°58'40.5''S, 37°09'13.8''E, N.Yunakov leg., 03.xi.2008.</p> <p>Etymology. The name is dedicated to Karsten Sund (ZMUN) who prepared perfect photographs to this work.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B33214FFCEFFFDFF42AB32FA3D496B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yunakov, Nikolai	Yunakov, Nikolai (2012): 3535. Zootaxa 3535: 1-104
03B33214FFC1FFFFFF42ACF7FBB64C65.text	03B33214FFC1FFFFFF42ACF7FBB64C65.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sphrigodellus taitae Yunakov 2012	<div><p>Sphrigodellus taitae Yunakov, sp. n.</p> <p>(figs 17, 18, 175, 317–329, 365)</p> <p>Diagnosis. Similar to S. sundi sp. n. and S. aberdarecola sp. n. in general appearance. From S. aberdarecola sp. n. it differs by antennal scape slender; funicular segment 2 as long as 3rd–4th together; elytra broad; subocular row consists of 7 setae; subscutellar callosity with 6 tiny tubercles; median lobe in apical 1/3 sharply narrowed anteriorly; ostium stick-shaped; spermatheca with collum 1.5 x as long as ramus. Differs from S. sundi sp. n. by eyes highest at the middle; antennal scape weakly curved, thick, evenly swollen in distal portion, covered with strongly erect setae; 2nd funicular segment 3 x as long as wide and as long as 3rd and 4th together (in S. sundi funicular segment 2 less robust, oblong 2 x as long as wide, 0.7 x as long as segments 3rd and 4th together); pronotal disc strongly convex; elytra broadly-ovate in both sexes [EL/EW: 1.20–1.37 (1.27)]; subscutellar callosity of elytra with 6 tiny tubercles; metatibial bevels with partly setose surface; aggonoporium 0.3 x as long as aedeagus; tip of median lobe shorter; ostium long; median lobe 0.5 x as long as apodeme; spermatheca with collum shorter, 2 x as long as ramus (in S. sundi 3 x as long as ramus).</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>Measurements. BL: 2.50–3.95 (3.22) mm, BW: 1.16–1.96 (1.57) mm, BH: 1.00–1.60 (1.33) mm.</p> <p>Vestiture. Body densely covered with overlapping, round scales, setose. Setae of head form rows along lateral edges of epifrons (recumbent or subrecumbent) and above the eyes (erect). Subocular row consists of 7 setae. Anterior setal fringe consists of 8 (1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1) suberect setae; they weakly differ from ones on pronotal disc. Posterior setal fringe consists of spatulate setae, partly hidden by posterior edge of pronotum. Elytral intervals 1–6 with distinct row of setae. Anterior half of elytra with rather short suberect setae (half as long as interval width), posterior declivity with rather long, strongly erect, thick, acute or truncate spatulate setae (as long as interval width). Ventral side rather sparsely squamose. Ventrites with scattered scales and short hairs. Metapleura densely squamose but scales not serried; basisternum and mesobasisternum bare. Antennal scape setose, with recumbent piliform and round scales; setae long, slender, acute, and erect. Funicle setose, without scales; setae suberect, as long as funicular segment 7. Femora and tibiae external surface covered with overlapping scales and suberect setae, internal surface with sparse piliform scales and hairs, distal portion of tibiae internal surface without scales; setae on legs slender, acute. Male metatibiae with small grooming brush; hairs short. Tarsi setose.</p> <p>Integument. Body brown to deep-brown; limbs deep-brown.</p> <p>Coloration. Integument of body brown to deep-brown, of limbs deep-brown. Background scaling deep-brown; spotted pattern formed by green and cupreous scales. Dark and pale scales both with slightly pronounced pearl shine. Head dorsal surface brown; occasionally anterior portion of epifrons green. Pronotum with 2 broad lateral green or cupreous stripes. Occasionally cupreous stripes outlined by green scales. Elytra background scaling deepbrown, basic pattern consists of two humeral spots and one transverse band on posterior declivity. Humeral spots when complete may be very large and spreading through the intervals 3–7. Spots delimited by black line. Ventral side with sparse green scales. Femora brown-cupreous, proximal portion and ventral surface with green scales. Tibiae external surface cupreous. Basic spotted pattern stated above may significantly vary. Amount, shape and topology of spots varying in broad range. Occasionally humeral spots absent, very small or divided into several small spots or solitary green scales. Green scales may be replaced by cupreous ones or mixed with those.</p> <p>Head. Rostrum weakly elongate [RL/RW: 1.11–1.20 (1.14)], parallel-sided, weakly elongate. Pterygia not extended beyond contour of rostrum. Antennal sockets dorsal. Antennifers half-visible. Lateral carinae convex. Epifrons weakly sinuate in middle, at the level of antennal articulation 1.7 x as wide as vertex width, distinctly sloping at sides, with median sulcus. Transverse sulcus deep, concealed by dense scaling at dorsal surface and at sides. Anterior portion of epifrons not steep, without median sulcus. Frons steep, glabrous, bare, with 4 frontal setae. Epistome vestigial, very narrow, transverse, delimited by narrow carina, bears 6 epistomal setae. Eyes orbicular, sublateral, strongly convex, highest at the middle [FW/ELD: 0.95–1.22 (1.09). Vertex flat, in male narrow in female broad. Frontal fovea well visible, short, furrow-shaped.</p> <p>Antennae. Scape extended behind anterior edge of pronotum, thin, straight, sharply swollen in distal portion. 1st funicular segment as long as 2nd; 2nd funicular segment as long as 3rd and 4th together; segments 5–7 moniliform, as long as wide. Club broadly-spindle-shaped.</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum transverse [PL/PW: 0.78–0.93 (0.87)], evenly slightly convex at sides, constricted at apex, widest at middle. Disc weakly convex longitudinally and transversally. Posterior edge straight. Tergosternal suture complete. Metanepisternal suture obsolete posteriorly.</p> <p>Elytra. broadly-ovate [EL/EW: 1.26–1.38 (1.31)]; anterior edge arcuate, vertical; disc in male weakly, in female strongly convex [EL/BH: 1.45–1.62 (1.55)]. Subscutellar callosity long, reaches 3rd elytral interval, with 4–6 tiny tubercles.</p> <p>Legs. Protibiae and mesotibiae almost straight, not widened distally, in distal 1/3 weakly curved inwards; interior edge C-shaped, with or without teeth in distal portion. Meso- and metatibiae with 2 large teeth and several small ones in between on interior edge. Mucro well developed, thorn-shaped, acute. Setal comb of protibiae consists of sparse 8–9 black setae not extending beyond external edge of tibiae. Bevel of metatibiae narrowly enclosed, its surface partly setose. Tarsi robust; tarsomere 2 transverse, 1.5 x as wide as length; tarsomere 3 with two wide lobes; tarsomere 5 of metatarsus extending beyond apical lobes of 3rd by length of the last one.</p> <p>Abdomen. Posterior margin of 1st ventrite straight. 2nd ventrite 1.5 x as long as 3rd one, posterior margin of 2nd ventrite straight. 5th ventrite in male flat, in female weakly convex near the apex; apical edge in male broadly rounded, in female acute.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe parallel-sided, tubular, in apical 1/3 sharply narrowed anteriorly; preputial opening oblong; apex attenuate, narrowly rounded, dorso-ventrally slightly flattened; 0.7 x as long as apodeme. Internal sac without spiculate fields, with large, long aggonoporium (0.3 x as long as aedeagus) consisting of two stick-shaped lobes connected proximally by transverse bridge. Ostium elongate. Ligulae membranous. Parameres short, basal piece of tegmen very broad, tegminal apodeme 0.75 x as long as apodemes of median lobe.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Styli well developed, stick-shaped, bearing 3 setae. Spermatheca moderately sclerotized, with short broad ramus, collum slender, 2 x as long as ramus. Corpus small, slightly swollen. cornus thick, extended beyond corpus. Tergite 8 subtrapezoid, with curved fringe of multiple, tenuous, short setae at the apex. Sternite 8 thick. Lamella sharply narrowed and acute, without setae, knife-shaped, heavily sclerotized. Apodeme thick, caput large.</p> <p>Distribution. Kenya: Taita Hills (Vuria Mt.) (Fig. 365).</p> <p>Bionomics. Montane cloud forests. 2200 m a.s.l.</p> <p>Material examined. Kenya: 11♂, 7♀ including holotype male, dissected (TAU) Taita Hills, Vuria peak, S3 24 E38 18, 2200 m, L. Friedman leg., 19.ix.2005; 2♂, 2♀ (TAU) idem, Friedberg leg.</p> <p>Etymology. The name is a Latin adjective meaning “inhabiting Taita Hills”.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B33214FFC1FFFFFF42ACF7FBB64C65	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yunakov, Nikolai	Yunakov, Nikolai (2012): 3535. Zootaxa 3535: 1-104
03B33214FFC3FFFEFF42A9F0FCD548C5.text	03B33214FFC3FFFEFF42A9F0FCD548C5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sphrigodellus lineatus Yunakov 2012	<div><p>Sphrigodellus lineatus Yunakov, sp. n.</p> <p>(figs 39, 40, 330–342, 365)</p> <p>Diagnosis. Slightly similar to S. nguruensis sp. n. by prononsed striped pattern of elytra; large, modereately convex eyes, and narrow vertex. Differs from S. nguruensis sp. n. by strongly convex and coarsely striped scales; lateral carinae of rostrum and lateral edges of epifrons in anterior portion bare; setae as long as interval width; coloration without green scales, distinct striped pattern, formed by gray and brown scales; pterygia extended beyond contour of rostrum; epifrons steep sloping anteriorly (not vertical), parallel-sided at the level of antennal articulation 0.7 x as wide as vertex width, flat without median sulcus in anterior portion. [in S. nguruensis sp. n. vertical, significantly widened at the level of antennal articulation, 1.5 x as wide as vertex width); Antennifers entirely visible in dorsal view; occiput not constricted; disc of pronotum without sublateral depressions and tubercles; elytra broadly oval; disc strongly convex [EL/BH: 1.33–1.44 (1.39)]; setal comb of protibiae dense, consists of 10–14 brown setae extending beyond external edge of tibiae; 2nd ventrite 2 x as long as 3rd one, its posterior margin arcuate; median lobe distinctly constricted in basal 1/3; aggonoporium consisting of 2 long proximal and 2 short distal stick-shaped lobes; spermatheca with large, swollen corpus; tergite 8 arcuate, fringe transformed to bunch setae.</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>Measurements. BL: 2.78–3.72 (3.29) mm, BW: 1.30–1.90 (1.59) mm, BH: 1.22–1.86 (1.56) mm.</p> <p>Vestiture. Body densely covered with overlapping, round, striated, convex scales, setose. Setae of head form rows along lateral edges of epifrons (recumbent or subrecumbent) and above the eyes (erect). Lateral carinae of rostrum and lateral edges of epifrons in anterior portion bare. Subocular row consists of 4–5 setae. Lateral edges of epifrons in anterior half bare. Anterior setal fringe consists of 8 (3+1+1+3) erect setae; they distinctly differ from ones on pronotal disc. Posterior setal fringe consists of spatulate setae, partly hidden by posterior edge of pronotum. Elytral intervals 1–6 with distinct row of setae. Setae as long as interval width. Ventrites with serried scales; male anal ventrite with short hairs in apical portion. Metapleura densely squamose, scales not serried; basisternum and mesobasisternum bare. Antennal scape setose and squamose; setae long, thick, acute, subrecumbent; scales serried. Funicle setose, without scales; setae suberect, as long as funicular segment 7. Femora and tibiae external surface covered with overlapping scales and suberect setae, internal surface with sparse hairs, distal portion of tibiae internal surface without scales; setae on legs slender, acute. Male metatibiae with sparse very small grooming brush; hairs short. Tarsi setose.</p> <p>Coloration. Integument of body deep-brown to black, of limbs deep-brown. Background scaling grayishbrown; distinct striped pattern, formed by gray and brown scales. Dark and pale scales both with slightly pronounced pearl shine. Head brown, indistinctly grayish maculate. Pronotum with deep-brown background scaling and 5 distinct narrow longitudinal grey stripes: 1 discal and 4 lateral. Green scales absent. Elytra with brown background scaling, alternate striped pattern indistinct. Intervals 1, 3, 5, 7, 9–11. Ventral side including meso- and metapleura with grey scales. Sides of metasternum grey. Femora brown with grey bands in middle and proximal portion, and scattered grey scales occasionally merged in small spots. Tibiae external surface brown with distal grey band.</p> <p>Head. Rostrum elongate [RL/RW: 1.26–1.32 (1.29)], parallel-sided. Pterygia extended beyond contour of rostrum. Antennal sockets dorsal. Antennifers entirely visible in dorsal view. Lateral carinae convex. Epifrons almost parallel-sided in anterior portion, not sinuate in middle, at the level of antennal articulation 0.7 x as wide as vertex width, distinctly sloping anteriorly and at sides, not concave, without median sulcus. Transverse sulcus deep, partly concealed by scales. Frons steep sloping, glabrous, bare, with 4 frontal setae. Epistome vestigial, very narrow, transverse, delimited by narrow carina, bears 4 epistomal setae. Submentum convex. Eyes sublateral, broadly oval, moderately convex, highest posteriorly [FW/ELD: 0.71–0.92 (0.85)]. Vertex narrow, flat. Frontal fovea deep, weakly elongate. Occiput not constricted (see in lateral view).</p> <p>Antennae. Scape extended behind anterior edge and reaches 1/2 of pronotum, weakly evenly curved and apically widened. 1st funicular segment as long as or 1.16 x as long as 2nd; 3rd–7th oblong. Club spindle-shaped.</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum transverse [PL/PW: 0.80–0.86 (0.83)], evenly slightly convex at sides, not constricted, widest at the middle. Disc strongly convex longitudinally and transversally, without sublateral depressions, carinae or tubercles. Posterior edge of pronotum straight. Tergosternal suture complete. Metanepisternal suture obsolete posteriorly.</p> <p>Elytra. Broadly oval [EL/EW: 1.33–1.42 (1.35)]; anterior edge vertical, carinate; disc in both sexes strongly convex [EL/BH: 1.33–1.44 (1.39)]. Subscutellar callosity reaches 3rd elytral interval, with 4–6 tiny tubercles.</p> <p>Legs. Protibiae and mesotibiae almost straight, not widened at the apex, interior edge in distal portion weakly C-shaped and serrate. Meso- and metatibiae without teeth or weakly serrate on interior edge. Mucro well developed, thorn-shaped, acute. Setal comb of protibiae dense, consists of 10–14 brown setae extending beyond external edge of tibiae. Bevel of metatibiae narrowly enclosed, its surface densely setose. Tarsi robust; tarsomere 2 elongate, 1.5 x as long as wide; tarsomere 3 with two wide lobes; tarsomere 5 of metatarsus extending beyond apical lobes of 3rd by length of the last one.</p> <p>Abdomen. Posterior margin of 1st ventrite straight. 2nd ventrite 2 x as long as 3rd one, its posterior margin arcuate. Male 5th ventrite flat, without depression near the apex, apical edge broadly rounded. Female 5th ventrite convex, apical edge acute.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe distinctly constricted in basal 1/3, in apical 1/3 narrowed; apex acute, dorsoventrally slightly swollen; slightly shorter than apodemes. Lateral edges of median lobe fused. Internal sac without spiculate fields, aggonoporium with large, long, consists of 2 stick-shaped straight lobes connected proximally by transverse bridge (2 long proximal, and 2 short, distal), in distal 1/3 with ill-sclerotized area separating proximal and distal parts of lobes. Ostium triangular heavily sclerotized, protruded from preputial field of median lobe. Ligulae membranous. Parameres fused in basal 2/3, basal piece of tegmen narrow, tegminal apodeme 0.5 x as long as apodemes of median lobe.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Styli well developed, stick-shaped, bearing 2 setae. Spermatheca moderately sclerotized, with short ramus; collum slender 1.5 x as long as ramus. Corpus large, swollen. cornus slender, extended beyond corpus. Tergite 8 arcuate, fringe transformed to bunch of multiple, tenuous, short setae at the apex. Sternite 8 thick. Lamella sharply narrowed and acute, without setae, knife-shaped, heavily sclerotized. Apodeme thick; caput strongly developed.</p> <p>Distribution. Tanzania: Udzungwa Mountains (Fig. 365).</p> <p>Bionomics. Submontane rain forests. Trees and shrubs, canopy.</p> <p>Material examined. Tanzania: 3♂, 2♀ including holotype, male (ZMUC) Iringa distr., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.900196&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-8.532778" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.900196/lat -8.532778)">Udzungwa Scarp Forest Reserve</a>, 750 m, S8 31 58 E 35 54 00, 7.iii.1996 S. McKamey leg., canopy fog 36-GJ.</p> <p>Etymology. The name is a Latin adjective meaning “striped”.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B33214FFC3FFFEFF42A9F0FCD548C5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yunakov, Nikolai	Yunakov, Nikolai (2012): 3535. Zootaxa 3535: 1-104
03B33214FFC5FFF8FF42AAE9FE7F4B02.text	03B33214FFC5FFF8FF42AAE9FE7F4B02.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oncophyes Marshall	<div><p>Oncophyes Marshall</p> <p>Marshall 1942: 20. Type species: Ellimenistes amoenus Hartmann, 1904, by original designation.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Similar to Cadoderus in structure of head and general appearance, but differs by large size: [BL: 4.02–5.69 (4.96) mm, BW: 1.80–2.80 (2.38) mm, BH: 1.62–2.60 (2.17) mm]; funicle entirely squamose; coloration consisting of red-brown background and striped pattern formed by brown, cupreous and white scales; elytral intervals 1, 2, 4, 6 with distinct row of setae; subgenae and area of occipital suture bare, glabrous; rostrum as long as wide or weakly elongate [RL/RW: 1.00–1.10 (1.05)]; eyes flat, delimited by glabrous convex ring; vertex narrow; funicular segment 1 shorter than 2nd; posterior setal fringe consists of spatulate setae, partly hidden by posterior edge of pronotum; subscutellar callosity very broad, glabrous, without tubercles, not hidden by scales; interior edge of protibiae and mesotibiae weakly C-shaped, with large teeth in distal portion; internal sac with spiculate fields and small aggonoporium consisting of two curved lobes connected proximally by transverse bridge and long, slender ventral process; female tergite 8 narrowlysubtrapezoid, apically acute.</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>Measurements. BL: 4.02–5.69 mm, BW: 1.8–2.8 mm, BH: 1.62–2.60 mm.</p> <p>Vestiture. Body densely covered with overlapping, recumbent, round, flat scales, setose. Epifrons covered with erect scales. Setae of head and body slender, truncate, form rows along lateral edges of epifrons (suberect) and above the eyes (erect). Subocular row consists of 2–3 setae. Pronotum evenly setose, without anterior setal fringe. Posterior setal fringe consists of spatulate setae, partly hidden by posterior edge of pronotum. Elytral intervals 1, 2, 4, 6 (or 2, 4, 6) with distinct row of setae. Anterior half of elytra with rather short suberect setae (half as long as interval width), posterior declivity with rather long, strongly erect, thick, acute or truncate spatulate setae (as long as interval width). Ventral side of head capsule (except hls-ptp callosity), thorax and abdomen very densely squamose. Anterior part of pterygia, subgenae and area of occipital suture bare, glabrous. Antennal scape setose and densely squamose; scales round; setae long, slender, acute, and erect. Funicle setose and squamose; scales elongate; setae suberect, as long as funicular segment 7. Club densely tomentose. Femora and tibiae external and internal surfaces covered with overlapping scales and suberect, slender, acute setae. Male metatibiae with small grooming brush; hairs short. Tarsi setose and squamose.</p> <p>Coloration. Integument of body brown to deep-brown; limbs deep-brown. Background red-brown; striped pattern formed by brown, cupreous, white or green scales. Dark and pale scales both with slightly pronounced pearl shine. Head dorsal surface cupreous-brown, without stripes, temples green or red-brown. Pronotum with cupreousbrown background scaling and 4 distinct longitudinal deep-brown stripes (2 thin median stripes and 2 broad lateral stripes). Elytra background scaling deep-brown or cupreous with white V-shaped transversal band or cruciform spot at the middle and large median cupreous spot; dark-with cupreous stripes at the elytral intervals 2 and 4 or interval 1 cupreous. Ventral side cupreous or whitish-cupreous with scattered greenish scales. Femora and tibiae brown-cupreous, femora with transverse brown band in the middle.</p> <p>Head. Rostrum as long as wide or weakly elongate [RL/RW: 0.96–1.10], parallel-sided. Pterygia not extended beyond contour of rostrum. Antennal sockets dorsal. Antennifers entirely visible in dorsal view. Lateral carinae convex. Epifrons very narrow, parallel-sided, at the level of antennal articulation 1.78–2.00 x narrower than vertex, distinctly sloping at sides, with convex median carina (completely concealed by scales). Transverse sulcus deep, concealed by dense scaling at dorsal surface and at sides. Anterior portion of epifrons not steep, without median sulcus. Frons moderately declivous, glabrous, bare, with 4 frontal setae. Epistome convex, broad, arcuate, delimited by narrow carina, bears 2 tiny epistomal setae. Prementum with 2 setae. Mandibles with 3 setae. Eyes sublateral, large, orbicular, flat, delimited by glabrous convex ring [FW/ELD: 0.67–0.86]. Vertex narrow, flat. Frontal fovea elongate, partly concealed by scales.</p> <p>Antennae. Scape extended behind anterior edge of pronotum, reaches anterior 1/3, weakly, evenly curved, thick. Funicular segment 1 shorter than 2nd; segments 3–7 oblong (3rd—1.50–1.54 x as long as wide; 7th –1.10–1.25 x as long as wide). Club broadly-spindle-shaped.</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum strongly transverse [PL/PW: 0.80–0.89], evenly slightly convex at sides, constricted at apex, widest at middle. Lateral longitudinal carina significantly developed to weak or absent. Disc weakly convex longitudinally and transversally. Tergosternal suture complete. Metanepisternal suture obsolete posteriorly.</p> <p>Elytra. Cordate, anterior edge arcuate, vertical, narrowly rounded [EL/EW: 1.30–1.40]; disc in male moderately in female strongly convex [EL/BH: 1.40–1.58]; posterior declivity evenly sloping; elytral apex narrowly rounded, almost acute. Subscutellar callosity broad to oblong-eggshaped, weakly or strongly convex, without tubercles. Elytral intervals flat.</p> <p>Legs. Femora unarmed, clavate, swollen in middle part. Protibiae and mesotibiae curved, not widened at the apex. Interior edge weakly C-shaped with large teeth in distal portion. Metatibiae with large teeth on interior edge. Mucro well developed, thorn-shaped, acute. Setal comb of protibiae consists of sparse 8–9 black short setae not extending beyond external edge of tibiae, partly hidden by spatulate setae. Bevel of metatibiae narrowly enclosed; its surface bare. Tarsi robust; setose pelma well developed; tarsomere 2 as long as wide; tarsomere 3 with two wide lobes; tarsomere 5 of metatarsus extending beyond apical lobes of 3rd by length of the last one. Claws connate in basal half.</p> <p>Abdomen. 1st and 2nd ventrites fused but with distinct immovable suture. Posterior margin of 1st ventrite arcuate. 2nd ventrite 2 x as long as 3rd one, posterior margin of 2nd ventrite straight. 5th ventrite in male flat, in female weakly convex near the apex; apical edge in male broadly rounded, in female narrowly rounded.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Aedeagus heavily sclerotized. Median lobe parallel-sided, tubular, in apical 1/3 evenly narrowed anteriorly; apex lanceolate, acute, strongly with strong median arcuate sharp carina; 0.7 x as long as apodeme. Internal sac with spiculate fields and small aggonoporium consisting of two curved lobes connected proximally by transverse bridge and long ventral slender process. Ostium lanceolate, strongly sclerotized. Ligulae membranous. Parameres long, fused in basal half, basal piece of tegmen narrow, tegminal apodeme 0.5 x as long as apodemes of median lobe.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Coxites heavily sclerotized, dorso-ventrally curved, with heavily sclerotized dorsal baculi, evenly covered with pores, without sensilla. Styli well developed, stick-shaped, bearing 1 seta. Spermatheca moderately sclerotized, with short broad ramus, collum slender, as long as ramus; corpus large, strongly swollen; cornus slender, extended beyond corpus. Spermathecal duct antirely tubular or bubble-shaped at distal end (Figs 353, 354). Tergite 8 narrowly-subtrapezoid, apically acute, with curved fringe of multiple tenuous, short setae at the apex. Sternite 8 thick. Lamella sharply narrowed and acute, without setae, knife-shaped, heavily sclerotized. Apodeme thick, caput large.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B33214FFC5FFF8FF42AAE9FE7F4B02	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yunakov, Nikolai	Yunakov, Nikolai (2012): 3535. Zootaxa 3535: 1-104
03B33214FFC4FFFBFF42AECEFB4E49B8.text	03B33214FFC4FFFBFF42AECEFB4E49B8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oncophyes amoenus (Hartmann 1904) Mazumbai Forest	<div><p>Oncophyes amoenus (Hartmann)</p> <p>(figs 11, 12, 343–355, 359, 365, 368)</p> <p>Ellimenistes amoenus Hartmann, 1904: 386. Cadoderus amoenus. Marshall (1926: 249). Oncophyes amoenus. Marshall (1942: 20).</p> <p>Diagnosis. From Cadoderus species it strictly differs by large size [BL: 4.02–5.69 (4.96) mm; cupreous coloration of vestiture and large subscutellar callosity. From O. cadoderoides sp.n. differs by elytral interval 1 with row of setae; elytra background scaling with brown stripes at the elytral intervals 2 and 4; green scales absent; ventral side cupreous; vertex narrower [FW/ELD average: 0.77; in O. cadoderoides —0.81]; funicular segments 3–7 less oblong (3rd—1.50 x, 7th –1.10 x as long as wide); subscutellar callosity oblong, weakly convex.</p> <p>Redescription.</p> <p>Measurements. BL: 4.02–5.69 (4.97) mm, BW: 1.80–2.80 (2.38) mm, BH: 1.62–2.60 (2.175) mm.</p> <p>Vestiture. Scales round, flat. Setae of head and body slender, truncate, form rows along lateral edges of epifrons (suberect) and above the eyes (erect). Subocular row consists of 2–3 setae. Pronotum evenly setose, without anterior setal fringe. Posterior setal fringe consists of spatulate setae, partly hidden by posterior edge of pronotum. Elytral intervals 1, 2, 4, 6 with distinct row of setae.</p> <p>Coloration. Background scaling red-brown; striped pattern formed by brown, cupreous and white scales. Dark and pale scales both with slightly pronounced pearl shine. Head dorsal surface cupreous-brown, without stripes. Pronotum with cupreous-brown background scaling and 4 distinct longitudinal deep-brown stripes (2 thin median stripes and 2 broad lateral stripes). Elytra background scaling deep-brown with white V-shaped transversal band or cruciform spot at the middle and large median cupreous spot. Interval 1 cupreous. Ventral side cupreous. Femora and tibiae brown-cupreous, femora with transverse brown band in the middle.</p> <p>Head. Rostrum as long as wide or weakly elongate [RL/RW: 1.00–1.10 (1.05)], parallel-sided. Pterygia not extended beyond contour of rostrum. Antennal sockets dorsal. Lateral carinae convex. Epifrons very narrow, parallel-sided, at the level of antennal articulation 2 x narrower than vertex, distinctly sloping at sides, with convex median carina (completely concealed by scales). Transverse sulcus deep, concealed by dense scaling at dorsal surface and at sides. Anterior portion of epifrons not steep, without median sulcus. Eyes sublateral, large, orbicular, flat, delimited by glabrous convex ring [FW/ELD: 0.67–0.81 (0.75)].</p> <p>Antennae. Scape extended behind anterior edge of pronotum, reaches anterior 1/3, weakly, evenly curved, thick. Funicular segment 1 shorter than 2nd; segments 3–7 oblong (3rd—1.50 x as long as wide; 7th –1.1 x as long as wide).</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum strongly transverse [PL/PW: 0.84–0.89 (0.86)], evenly slightly convex at sides, constricted at apex. Lateral longitudinal carina weakly developed or absent. Disc weakly convex longitudinally and transversally. Tergosternal suture complete. Metanepisternal suture obsolete posteriorly.</p> <p>Elytra. Cordate, anterior edge arcuate, vertical, narrowly rounded [EL/EW: 1.30–1.40 (1.35)]; disc in male moderately in female strongly convex [EL/BH: 1.40–1.56 (1.48)]; posterior declivity evenly sloping; elytral apex narrowly rounded, almost acute. Subscutellar callosity long and broad, weakly convex, without tubercles.</p> <p>Legs. Protibiae and mesotibiae curved, not widened at the apex. Interior edge weakly C-shaped with large teeth in distal portion. Metatibiae with large teeth on interior edge. Mucro well developed, thorn-shaped, acute. Setal comb of protibiae consists of sparse 8–9 black short setae not extending beyond external edge of tibiae, partly hidden by spatulate setae. Bevel of metatibiae narrowly enclosed; its surface bare. Tarsi robust; setose pelma well developed; tarsomere 2 as long as wide; tarsomere 3 with two wide lobes; tarsomere 5 of metatarsus extending beyond apical lobes of 3rd by length of the last one.</p> <p>Abdomen. Posterior margin of 1st ventrite arcuate. 2nd ventrite 2 x as long as 3rd one, posterior margin of 2nd ventrite straight. 5th ventrite in male flat, in female weakly convex near the apex; apical edge in male broadly rounded, in female narrowly rounded.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Median lobe parallel-sided, tubular, in apical 1/3 evenly narrowed anteriorly; apex lanceolate, acute, strongly with strong median arcuate sharp carina; 0.7 x as long as apodeme. Internal sac with spiculate fields and small aggonoporium consisting of two curved lobes connected proximally by transverse bridge and long ventral slender process. Ostium lanceolate, strongly sclerotized. Ligulae membranous. Parameres long, fused in basal half, basal piece of tegmen narrow, tegminal apodeme 0.5 x as long as apodemes of median lobe.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Spermatheca moderately sclerotized, with short broad ramus, collum slender, as long as ramus; corpus large, strongly swollen; cornus slender, extended beyond corpus. Spermathecal duct tubular at distal end (Fig. 353). Tergite 8 narrowly-subtrapezoid, apically acute, with curved fringe of multiple tenuous, short setae at the apex. Sternite 8 thick. Lamella sharply narrowed and acute, without setae, knife-shaped, heavily sclerotized. Apodeme thick, caput large.</p> <p>Distribution. Tanzania: West Usambara Mountains (figs 365, 368).</p> <p>Bionomics. Montane rain forests. 1600–1700 m a.s.l. Trees and shrubs, canopy.</p> <p>Type material. Tanzania: Lectotype ♀, here designated (MTD) Tanga reg.: “Kwai, Weise [handwritten]”/ coll. J. Faust, Ankauf 1900 [blue, printed]/ Typus [red, printed]/ Lectotypus, Ellimenistes amoenus Hartman, Dr. E. Haaf, 1962; PLT m (MTD): Tanzania: Tanga reg.: “ Usambara [Kraatz leg.,? handwritten]”/coll. J. Faust, Ankauf 1900 [blue, printed]/Typus [red, printed]; 1♂ “Kwai, Weise [handwritten]”/coll. J. Faust, Ankauf 1900 [blue, printed]; 1♂ “Usambara, Kraatz [handwritten]”/coll. J. Faust, Ankauf 1900 [blue, printed].</p> <p>Material examined. Tanzania: 27♂, 23♀ (ZMUC) Tanga reg., Lushoto distr. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=38.486084&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.8166666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 38.486084/lat -4.8166666)">Mazumbai Forest Reserve</a>, S4 49 E 38 29, 1650 – 1730 m, canopy fog 28-DD-DM, N. Scharff leg., 26.xi.1995; 1♂ (ZMUN) TZ-11-86, Tanga Reg., West Usambara Mts., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=38.4997&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.8161" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 38.4997/lat -4.8161)">Bombo Forest Reserve</a>, S4 48.966 E38 29.982 h = 1693 m, montane rain forest, beating, N.N. Yunakov leg., 22.v.2011; 1♂, 1♀ (DEI) “Usambara, P. Weise/ coll. Kraatz / Cadoderus amoenus Hartm., Hustache det.”; 2♂, 1♀ (DEI) “ Usambara / coll. Pape / Cadoderus amoenus Hartm., Hustache det.”</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B33214FFC4FFFBFF42AECEFB4E49B8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yunakov, Nikolai	Yunakov, Nikolai (2012): 3535. Zootaxa 3535: 1-104
03B33214FFC7FFE5FF42AD44FB874E61.text	03B33214FFC7FFE5FF42AD44FB874E61.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oncophyes cadoderoides Yunakov 2012	<div><p>Oncophyes cadoderoides Yunakov, sp.n.</p> <p>(figs 13, 14, 354, 356–364, 368)</p> <p>Diagnosis. Similar to Cadoderus species in general appearance but definitely differs by flat eyes and large subscutellar callosity. From O. amoenus differs by elytral interval 1 without row of setae; elytra background scaling cupreous with dark-cupreous stripes at the elytral intervals 2 and 4. Occasionally 1st and 7th intervals green. Ventral side cupreous or whitish-cupreous with scattered greenish scales; vertex wider [FW/ELD average: (0.813) in O. amoenus (0.77)]; funicular segments 3–7 rather oblong (3rd—1.54 x, 7th –1.25 x as long as wide; in O. amoenus 3rd—1.50 x, 7th –1.10 x as long as wide); subscutellar callosity oblong-egg-shaped, strongly convex.</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>Measurements. BL f: 4.22–4.77 (4.49) mm, BW f: 1.97–2.42 (2.19), BH f: 1.77–2.12 (1.94) mm.</p> <p>Vestiture. Scales round, flat. Setae of head and body slender, truncate, form rows along lateral edges of epifrons (suberect) and above the eyes (erect). Subocular row consists of 2–3 setae. Pronotum evenly setose, without anterior setal fringe. Posterior setal fringe consists of spatulate setae, partly hidden by posterior edge of pronotum. Elytral intervals 2, 4, 6 with distinct row of setae.</p> <p>Coloration. Background scaling red-brown; striped pattern formed by brown, cupreous and green scales. Dark and pale scales both with slightly pronounced pearl shine. Head dorsal surface cupreous-brown, without stripes, temples green or red-brown. Pronotum with cupreous-brown background scaling and 4 indistinct longitudinal deep-brown stripes (2 thin median stripes and 2 broad lateral stripes). Elytra background scaling cupreous with dark-cupreous stripes at the elytral intervals 2 and 4. Occasionally 1st and 7th intervals green. Ventral side cupreous or whitish-cupreous with scattered greenish scales. Femora and tibiae brown-cupreous, femora with transverse brown band in the middle.</p> <p>Head. Rostrum almost as long as wide [RL/RW: 0.96–1.06 (1)], parallel-sided. Pterygia not extended beyond contour of rostrum. Antennal sockets dorsal. Lateral carinae convex. Epifrons very narrow, parallel-sided, at the level of antennal articulation 1.78 x narrower than vertex, distinctly sloping at sides, with convex median carina (completely concealed by scales). Transverse sulcus deep, concealed by dense scaling at dorsal surface and at sides. Anterior portion of epifrons not steep, without median sulcus. Epistome convex, broad, arcuate, delimited by narrow carina, bears 2 tiny epistomal setae. Eyes sublateral, large, orbicular, flat, delimited by glabrous convex ring [FW/ELD: 0.77–0.86 (0.81)].</p> <p>Antennae. Scape extended behind anterior edge of pronotum, reaches anterior 1/3, weakly, evenly curved, thick. Funicular segment 1 shorter than 2nd; segments 3–7 oblong (3rd—1.54 x as long as wide; 7th—1.25 x as long as wide).</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum strongly transverse [PL/PW: 0.80–0.87 (0.84)], evenly slightly convex at sides, constricted at apex. Lateral longitudinal carina significantly developed. Disc weakly convex longitudinally and transversally. Tergosternal suture complete. Metanepisternal suture obsolete posteriorly.</p> <p>Elytra. Cordate, anterior edge arcuate, vertical, narrowly rounded [EL/EW: 1.32–1.39 (1.36)]; disc in male moderately in female strongly convex [EL/BH: 1.49–1.58 (1.53)]; posterior declivity evenly sloping; elytral apex narrowly rounded, almost acute. Subscutellar callosity oblong-egg-shaped, strongly convex, without tubercles.</p> <p>Legs. Protibiae and mesotibiae curved, not widened at the apex. Interior edge weakly C-shaped with large teeth in distal portion. Metatibiae with large teeth on interior edge. Mucro well developed, thorn-shaped, acute. Setal comb of protibiae consists of sparse 8–9 black short setae not extending beyond external edge of tibiae, partly hidden by spatulate setae. Bevel of metatibiae narrowly enclosed; its surface bare. Tarsi robust; setose pelma well developed; tarsomere 2 as long as wide; tarsomere 3 with two wide lobes; tarsomere 5 of metatarsus extending beyond apical lobes of 3rd by length of the last one.</p> <p>Abdomen. Posterior margin of 1st ventrite arcuate. 2nd ventrite 2 x as long as 3rd one, posterior margin of 2nd ventrite straight. 5th ventrite weakly convex near the apex; apical edge in male broadly rounded, in female narrowly rounded.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Male unknown.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Spermatheca moderately sclerotized, with short broad ramus, collum slender, as long as ramus; corpus large, strongly swollen; cornus slender, extended beyond corpus. Spermathecal duct forms bubbleshaped reservoire at distal end (Fig. 354). Tergite 8 narrowly-subtrapezoid, apically acute, with curved fringe of multiple tenuous, short setae at the apex. Sternite 8 thick. Lamella sharply narrowed and acute, without setae, knife-shaped, heavily sclerotized. Apodeme thick, caput large.</p> <p>Distribution. Tanzania: West Usambara Mountains (Ambangulu Forest), East Usambara (Amani Nature Reserve) (Fig. 368).</p> <p>Bionomics. Montane forests. Recorded from Cinchona tree plantation.</p> <p>Material examined. Tanzania: Holotype, ♀ (BMNH) Tanzania, Korogwe, Ambangulu Estates, B. Shott leg., 6.vi.1976, 1100 m a.s.l., on Cinchona; Paratypes: 1♀ (BMNH) labeled as holotype; 1♀ (BMNH) “Tanganyika / Amani / 7.xii.1935 ”, “ N.L.H. Krauss / B.M. 1952-38”; 1♀ (BMNH) Amani / G.E.A. / xii 1912 / Dr Morstatt ”, “ G.A.K. Marshall / coll / B.M. 1950-255”, “ Oncophyes sp.n. ”</p> <p>Etymology. The name is a Latin adjective meaning “resembling Cadoderus ”.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B33214FFC7FFE5FF42AD44FB874E61	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Yunakov, Nikolai	Yunakov, Nikolai (2012): 3535. Zootaxa 3535: 1-104
