taxonID	type	description	language	source
03B587FA7B68FFA8FF30FCF93EF5F8FE.taxon	description	SEM: Frustules forming colonies in bands, through interlocking linking spines (Figs 11 – 13, Figs 20 – 22). Frustule composed of epivalve and hypovalve, each with a set of closed girdle bands. For epivalve there is a valvocopula (B 1) and three copulae (B 2 – B 4) (Figs 11 – 13). For hypovalve there is a valvocopula (B 6) and a copula (B 5) (Figs 11 – 13). Each band possessing a single row of poroids (Figs 11 – 13) that bisects pars interior and exterior, located at mid-line of each girdle band (Figs 20, 23). Valve face meets mantle at obtuse angle (Figs 16 – 22). Valves with uniseriate striae situated opposite each other, equidistant from sternum, radiating at poles, continuing onto valve mantle (Figs 16 – 20). Vimines form 5 – 8 apically elongated areolae either side of the valve sternum, 4 – 6 on the valve mantle (Figs 20 – 22). Often, a tiny poroid present in the terminal mantle areola (Figs 20 – 22, arrows). Each areola externally covered by velum (Fig. 19). A single rimoportula present at each pole, each a pair of simple extended lips, aligned within a shortened radiate stria (Figs 16, 18 – 20). Two horn-like outgrowths located on the surface of each ocellulimbus, the latter composed of c. 30 pervalvar and 7 – 14 transapical rows of porelli (Figs 19 – 22). Linking spines spatulate, situated at valve / mantle junction, each spine extending from a virga (Figs 20 – 22). Spines attach valves face to face by interlocking (Figs 11 – 13, 20 – 22). Mantle plaques absent (Figs 20 – 22). Internally, valves possessing parallel margins, with rostrate poles; striae uniseriate almost opposite each other, composed of 5 – 8 slightly apically elongated areolae that radiate at apices (Figs 26, 29). Rimoportulae prominent, possessing bilabiate structure, lying almost parallel to the adjacent stria (Figs 27, 29).	en	Liu, Bing, Williams, David M., Tan, Lin (2017): Three new species of Ulnaria (Bacillariophyta) from the Wuling Mountains Area, China. Phytotaxa 306 (4): 241-258, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.306.4.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.306.4.1
03B587FA7B68FFA8FF30FCF93EF5F8FE.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — CHINA. Guizhou: Fanjing Mountain National Nature Reserve, the course of Heiwang river, near Mile Daochang, 27 ° 49 ’ 10 ” N, 108 ° 46 ’ 18 ” E, 494 m a. s. l., Bing Liu, 31 st December 2015, (holotype BM! 101838, illustrated in Figs 4, 8 – 10, from the same specimen; isotype JIU! G 201604, illustrated in Fig. 5, indicated on the slide).	en	Liu, Bing, Williams, David M., Tan, Lin (2017): Three new species of Ulnaria (Bacillariophyta) from the Wuling Mountains Area, China. Phytotaxa 306 (4): 241-258, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.306.4.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.306.4.1
03B587FA7B68FFA8FF30FCF93EF5F8FE.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — Named after China, where the species is found.	en	Liu, Bing, Williams, David M., Tan, Lin (2017): Three new species of Ulnaria (Bacillariophyta) from the Wuling Mountains Area, China. Phytotaxa 306 (4): 241-258, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.306.4.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.306.4.1
03B587FA7B68FFA8FF30FCF93EF5F8FE.taxon	biology_ecology	Ecology: — The following environmental parameters were measured in the field. Electric conductivity was 54.9 ± 1.4 μS / cm, pH was 7.6 ± 0.1, and water temperature was 10.4 ± 0.1 ° C. Since the diatom sample was scraped off the surfaces of stones and the water electric conductivity is below 100 μS / cm, Ulnaria sinensis can be considered an epilithic diatom characteristic of poor electrolyte content freshwaters.	en	Liu, Bing, Williams, David M., Tan, Lin (2017): Three new species of Ulnaria (Bacillariophyta) from the Wuling Mountains Area, China. Phytotaxa 306 (4): 241-258, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.306.4.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.306.4.1
03B587FA7B6DFFA5FF30F89B3EA8FE0D.taxon	description	SEM: Frustules rectangular in girdle view, epivalve with valvocopula and three copulae (Figs 37 – 40, B 8 – B 5), as for hypovalve (Figs 37 – 40, B 1 – B 4). Each band possessing a single row of poroids which bisects the pars interior and exterior, located at mid-line of each girdle band (Figs 38 – 40). Valve face and mantle meet almost at right angles (Figs 37 – 40). Valves with biseriate striae, situated opposite each other, equidistant until radiating at poles; striae extending to valve face-mantle junction then continued onto mantle (Figs 37 – 40, 42 – 46). Each stria formed from externally raised virgae with vimines, the latter having closing plates producing biseriate structure (Figs 44 – 46). Each areola (including those on mantle) covered externally by velum (Fig. 47). A single rimoportula present at each pole, each a pair of simple extended lips, situated close to sternum (Figs 42 – 43). Two horn-like outgrowths located on top of each ocellulimbus (Figs 38, 40, 47). Mantle plaques present (Figs 38 – 40). Internally, valves linear-lanceolate, with subcapitate to rostrate poles; striae biseriate almost opposite each other, near sternum becoming uniseriate (Figs 49 – 51). Rimoportulae prominent, possessing the characteristic bilabiate shape, lying close to the sternum (Figs 49, 51).	en	Liu, Bing, Williams, David M., Tan, Lin (2017): Three new species of Ulnaria (Bacillariophyta) from the Wuling Mountains Area, China. Phytotaxa 306 (4): 241-258, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.306.4.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.306.4.1
03B587FA7B6DFFA5FF30F89B3EA8FE0D.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — CHINA. Hunan: Zhangjiajie National Forestry Park, the course of Jinbian stream, at Shuirao Simen, 29 ° 20 ’ 36 ” N, 110 ° 28 ’ 13 ” E, 467 m a. s. l., Bing Liu, 29 th December 2015, (holotype BM! 101839, illustrated in Fig. 30; isotype JIU! G 201605, illustrated in Fig. 35, both holotype and isotype indicated on the slide).	en	Liu, Bing, Williams, David M., Tan, Lin (2017): Three new species of Ulnaria (Bacillariophyta) from the Wuling Mountains Area, China. Phytotaxa 306 (4): 241-258, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.306.4.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.306.4.1
03B587FA7B6DFFA5FF30F89B3EA8FE0D.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — The epithet ulnabiseriata is a combination of ulna and the term ‘ biseriate’ to reflect its similarity to U. ulna and its biseriate striae.	en	Liu, Bing, Williams, David M., Tan, Lin (2017): Three new species of Ulnaria (Bacillariophyta) from the Wuling Mountains Area, China. Phytotaxa 306 (4): 241-258, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.306.4.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.306.4.1
03B587FA7B6DFFA5FF30F89B3EA8FE0D.taxon	biology_ecology	Ecology: — The following environmental parameters were measured in the field. Electric conductivity was 102.7 ± 0.8 μS / cm, pH was 8.5 ± 0.7, and water temperature was 8.7 ± 0.2 ° C. Since the diatom sample was scraped off the surfaces of stones and the water electric conductivity is near 100 μS / cm, Ulnaria ulnabiseriata can be considered an epilithic diatom characteristic of moderate electrolyte content freshwaters.	en	Liu, Bing, Williams, David M., Tan, Lin (2017): Three new species of Ulnaria (Bacillariophyta) from the Wuling Mountains Area, China. Phytotaxa 306 (4): 241-258, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.306.4.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.306.4.1
03B587FA7B66FFA1FF30FF2A3ECDF855.taxon	description	SEM: Frustule rectangular in girdle view, shallow towards centre (Fig. 59). Each frustule composed of epivalve, hypovalve and a set of girdle bands. The epivalve has three closed bands, a valvocopula and two copulae (Figs 60 – 62, B 6 – B 4), as for hypovalve (Figs 60 – 62, B 1 – B 3). Each girdle band possessing a single row of poroids along its centre (Figs 60 – 62). Valve face and mantle meet almost at right angles (Figs 59 – 62). Valves with biseriate striae, most situated opposite each other, equidistant until radiating at the poles, extending to valve-mantle border, then continuing onto mantle (Figs 59 – 62, 64 – 66). Each stria composed of two rows of alternate poroids; near sternum the two rows often merge becoming a single row (Figs 64 – 66, arrows). Each areola (including those on mantle) covered externally by velum (Fig. 67). A single rimoportula present at each pole, each as pair of simple extended lips, situated on sternum (Figs 64 – 66). Two horn-like outgrowths located on top of each ocellulimbus (Figs 59, 60, 62). Mantle plaques present (Figs 60 – 62, arrows). Internally, valves linear-lanceolate, with rostrate poles; striae biseriate almost opposite each other, near sternum becoming uniseriate (Figs 69 – 71). Rimoportulae prominent, possessing characteristic bilabiate shape, lying well into pole (Figs 69, 71).	en	Liu, Bing, Williams, David M., Tan, Lin (2017): Three new species of Ulnaria (Bacillariophyta) from the Wuling Mountains Area, China. Phytotaxa 306 (4): 241-258, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.306.4.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.306.4.1
03B587FA7B66FFA1FF30FF2A3ECDF855.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — CHINA. Hunan: Gaowangjie National Nature Reserve, the course of Maxi stream, near the building of Maxi village committee, 28 ° 41 ’ 27 ” N, 110 ° 3 ’ 60 ” E, 407 m a. s. l., Bing Liu, 19 th March 2016, (holotype BM! 101840, illustrated in Fig. 53; isotype JIU! G 201606, illustrated in Fig. 56, in both cases the specimens are indicated on the slide).	en	Liu, Bing, Williams, David M., Tan, Lin (2017): Three new species of Ulnaria (Bacillariophyta) from the Wuling Mountains Area, China. Phytotaxa 306 (4): 241-258, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.306.4.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.306.4.1
03B587FA7B66FFA1FF30FF2A3ECDF855.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — Named after Gaowangjie National Nature Reserve, where the species was found.	en	Liu, Bing, Williams, David M., Tan, Lin (2017): Three new species of Ulnaria (Bacillariophyta) from the Wuling Mountains Area, China. Phytotaxa 306 (4): 241-258, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.306.4.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.306.4.1
03B587FA7B66FFA1FF30FF2A3ECDF855.taxon	biology_ecology	Ecology: — The following environmental parameters were measured in the field. Electric conductivity was 38.9 ± 0.4 μS / cm, pH was 8.5 ± 0.1, and water temperature was 13.8 ± 0.4 ° C. Since the diatom sample was scraped off the surfaces of stones and the water electric conductivity is below 50 μS / cm, Ulnaria gaowangjiensis can be considered an epilithic diatom characteristic of low electrolyte content freshwaters.	en	Liu, Bing, Williams, David M., Tan, Lin (2017): Three new species of Ulnaria (Bacillariophyta) from the Wuling Mountains Area, China. Phytotaxa 306 (4): 241-258, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.306.4.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.306.4.1
