identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03B58795FFDF2D28FF39FF17FDEE0671.text	03B58795FFDF2D28FF39FF17FDEE0671.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Trachelas crassus	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Trachelas crassus sp. n.</p>
            <p>Figures 1–17</p>
            <p>Type material. ♂ holotype: MEXICO: Veracruz: Atotonilco de Calcahualco, near the Pico de Orizaba National Park (19°08'17.4"N, 97°12'16.2"W, 2 300 m), collected 4–14 October 2012, M. Hernández-Patricio (CAFC- UNAM).</p>
            <p>♀ allotype from the same locality, collected 15–24 February 2013 by F.A. Rivera-Quiroz (CAFC-UNAM).</p>
            <p>Paratypes: MEXICO: Veracruz: Atotonilco de Calcahualco, Plot I, 19°08'30.2"N, 97°12'21.5"W, 2 238 m, 15– 24 February 2013, M. Servín-Pastor, 1♂ (MCZ). Same locality, Plot II, 19°08'17.4"N, 97°12'16.2"W, 2 300 m, 4– 14 October 2012, F. Alvarez-Padilla, 1♀ (MCZ), 1♀ (CAS); Same data as previous but F.A. Rivera-Quiroz, 1♂ (CAS).</p>
            <p>Other material examined. N = 41. MEXICO: Veracruz: Atotonilco de Calcahualco, Plot I, 19°08'30.2"N, 97°12'21.5"W, 2 238 m, 21–30 May 2012, 1♀ (CAFC-UNAM); 4–14 October 2012, 6♀, 5♂ (CAFC-UNAM); 15– 24 February 2013, 1♀, 1♂ (CAFC-UNAM). Same locality, Plot II, 19°08'17.4"N, 97°12'16.2"W, 2 300 m, 21–30 May 2012, 3♀, 2♂ (CAFC-UNAM); 4–14 October 2012, 7♀, 1♂ (CAFC-UNAM); 15–24 February 2013, 10♀ (CAFC-UNAM).</p>
            <p>Etymology. The species epithet is an adjective from the Latin crasso (thick) and refers to the basal portion of the fertilization duct that is almost as wide as the S.</p>
            <p> Diagnosis. The male of  T. crassus sp. n. is similar to  T. lanceolatus F.O. P.-Cambridge, 1899 and  T. odoreus sp. n. by the palpal tibia at least 0.6 times as long as the cymbium (Figs 15, 16; Platnick &amp; Shadab 1974a: fig. 73), but differs from these two species by the E longer and curved clockwise (Fig. 17; Platnick &amp; Shadab 1974a: fig. 72) and the straight RTA with a blunt tip on ventral view (Figs 17, 51; Platnick &amp; Shadab 1974a: fig. 72), respectively. Female genitalia of  T. crassus sp. n. are similar to those of  T. hamatus Platnick &amp; Shadab, 1974 and  T. latus Platnick &amp; Shadab, 1974 by having the S and Ss of similar length (Figs 11, 14; Platnick &amp; Shadab 1974a: figs 83, 87), but differ from these two species by the FD curled distally and the less coiled CD, respectively. </p>
            <p>Description. Male: Total length 9.05. Cephalothorax: 4.7 long. Carapace glabrous, without pattern, coloration reddish-brown, darker in ocular area, becoming lighter towards posterior edge, thoracic grooves deep, darker than surrounding cuticle (Fig. 2). Lateral and dorsal surfaces same color, cephalic area higher than thoracic (Fig. 4). Sternum glossy, almost same color as rear portion of carapace, darker at margins (Fig. 2). AME closer together than to ALE. Clypeus about one diameter of AME. All eyes subequal in size (Fig. 1). AER slightly procurved, PER procurved in dorsal view. Endites and labium dark brown, longer than wide, labium length ca. 3/4 of endites, darker in color. Chelicera dark red, greatly sclerotized, with rugose cuticle. Three promarginal and two retromarginal teeth. Abdomen length 4.7. Dorsal surface pale grey, covered by reddish longitudinal scutum, with leaf-like venation pattern under it (Fig. 2). Ventral surface light yellow, with four narrow lines of sclerotized red spots. Book lungs covers reddish, epigastric area slightly sclerotized (Fig. 6). Leg formula I-II-IV-III, first pair darker, second pair light yellow. VCT 43, VCM 38. Pedipalp light yellow, bulb reddish (Figs. 3, 5). Tibia long about 0.6 times length of cymbium, RTA short, about 0.2 times width of tibia.</p>
            <p>Female: as in male except as noted (Fig. 8, 10, 12). Total length 10.5. Cephalothorax: 4.7 long. Abdomen length 5.3, without dorsal scutum, with lateral striated pattern composed of lighter lines (Fig. 10). Ventral surface with two longitudinal narrow lines of sclerotized red spots. Book lungs not as sclerotized as in male (Fig. 12). VCT 20, VCM 28. Epigynum red, with semi-transparent cuticle, atrium round, copulatory openings on middle portion, separated (Fig. 9); CD long, narrow, coiling around CO and FD (Fig. 13). FD with proximal part as wide as S, followed by S-shaped turns, with accessory gland openings on distal portion (Fig. 14).</p>
            <p>Variation. Males: total length mean 9.05 (range: 8.0 to 9.8), carapace mean 4.7 (range: 4.0 to 5.1). Number of ventral cusps greatly variable, VCT mean 27.6 (range: 17 to 43), VCM mean 33.3 (range: 28 to 38). Females: total length mean 10.1 (range: 8.5 to 11.4), carapace mean 4.7 (range: 4.0 to 5.9). Ventral cusps also variable, VCT mean 25.0 (range: 16 to 34) and VCM mean 31.5 (range: 19 to 38).</p>
            <p>Distribution. Known only from the type locality (Fig. 52).</p>
            <p> Biology. All specimens were collected in a  Quercus forest with secondary plant growth. Adult specimens were found during all three expeditions. Most specimens were caught by beating and direct collecting over vegetation; only one specimen found in cryptic search. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B58795FFDF2D28FF39FF17FDEE0671	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Rivera-Quiroz, F. Andrés;Alvarez-Padilla, Fernando	Rivera-Quiroz, F. Andrés, Alvarez-Padilla, Fernando (2015): Three new species of the genus Trachelas (Araneae: Trachelidae) from an oak forest inside the Mesoamerican biodiversity hotspot in Mexico. Zootaxa 3999 (1): 95-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3999.1.6
03B58795FFD82D2AFF39FB07FEDB05B7.text	03B58795FFD82D2AFF39FB07FEDB05B7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Trachelas ductonuda	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Trachelas ductonuda sp. n.</p>
            <p>Figures 18–34</p>
            <p>Type material. ♂ holotype: MEXICO: Veracruz: Atotonilco de Calcahualco, near the Pico de Orizaba National Park (19°08'17.4"N, 97°12'16.2"W, 2 300 m), collected 4–14 October 2012 by U. Garcilazo-Cruz (CAFC-UNAM).</p>
            <p>♀ allotype from the same locality, collected 15–24 February 2013 by F. Alvarez-Padilla (CAFC-UNAM).</p>
            <p>Other material examined: N = 2. MEXICO: Veracruz: Atotonilco de Calcahualco, Plot II, 19°08'17.4"N, 97°12'16.2"W, 2 300 m, 4–14 October 2012, 1♂ (CAFC-UNAM); 15–24 February 2013, 1♀ (CAFC-UNAM).</p>
            <p>Etymology. The species epithet, a noun in apposition, from the Latin ducto (duct) and nudum (tangle) refers to the extremely convoluted copulation duct.</p>
            <p> Diagnosis. The male of  T. ductonuda sp. n. is similar to  T. latus and  T. hamatus in the E hook-shaped and the size of the palpal tibia in relation to the cymbium. Differs from these species by the E having a thicker base and longer hook (Fig. 34; Platnick &amp; Shadab 1974a: fig. 84) and by having a straight RTA instead of hooked in a ventral view (Fig. 34; Platnick &amp; Shadab 1974a: fig. 80) respectively. Female genitalia is similar to  T. spinulatus F.O. P.-Cambridge 1899 and  T. latus by having asymmetrical and complexly coiled CD, FD relatively straight and uncoiled, and Ss smaller than the S. It differs from these two species by having longer CD, S oval and considerably wider than the Ss, and atrium with two asymmetric genital openings (Figs 30, 31; Platnick &amp; Shadab 1974a: figs 78, 79, 82, 83). </p>
            <p>Description. Male: Total length 6.63. Cephalothorax: 2.8 long. Carapace glabrous, without pattern, dark uniform coloration (Fig. 19). Lateral and dorsal surfaces same coloration, cephalic area higher than thoracic (Fig. 21). Sternum same color as carapace (Fig. 23). AME closer together than to ALE. Clypeus about one diameter of AME. All eyes subequal in size (Fig. 18). AER straight, PER procurved in dorsal view. Endites same color as coxa I. Labium same color as carapace, longer than wide, labium about 3/4 of endite length. Chelicera same color as carapace, greatly sclerotized, with rugose cuticle. Three promarginal and two retromarginal teeth. Abdomen: 2.8 long, background pale grey. Dorsal surface without scutum, pattern with an anterior longitudinal dark mark and reticulated clearer patches (Fig. 19). Ventral surface with a darker median rectangular area. Epigastric area and book lung covers pale yellow, slightly sclerotized, middle section darker grey (Fig. 23). Leg formula I-II-IV-III, light yellow, first pair brown. Twenty-three VCT, 27 VCM. Pedipalp and bulb yellow (Figs 20, 22). Tibia short about 0.3 times length of cymbium. RTA large, about 0.4 times width of tibia. E hooked with no basal coil (Figs 32–34).</p>
            <p>Female: as in male except as noted (Figs 25, 27, 29). Total length 7.5. Cephalothorax: 3.5 long. Sternum rugose, same color as carapace (Fig. 29). Abdomen: 3.8 long. Five VCT, 8 VCM. Epigynum reddish, cuticle semitransparent, atrium with two separated and asymmetrical CO on middle portion (Fig. 26); CD extremely long and slender, irregularly coiled (Figs 28, 30–31).</p>
            <p>Distribution. Known only from the type locality (Fig. 52).</p>
            <p> Biology. Both type specimens were collected in a  Quercus forest with secondary plant growth. Adult specimens were found in October 2012 and February 2013. Specimens were caught by beating and direct collecting over vegetation. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B58795FFD82D2AFF39FB07FEDB05B7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Rivera-Quiroz, F. Andrés;Alvarez-Padilla, Fernando	Rivera-Quiroz, F. Andrés, Alvarez-Padilla, Fernando (2015): Three new species of the genus Trachelas (Araneae: Trachelidae) from an oak forest inside the Mesoamerican biodiversity hotspot in Mexico. Zootaxa 3999 (1): 95-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3999.1.6
03B58795FFD52D21FF39F9D5FAAD01E1.text	03B58795FFD52D21FF39F9D5FAAD01E1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Trachelas odoreus	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Trachelas odoreus sp. n</p>
            <p>Figures 35–51</p>
            <p>Type material. ♂ holotype: MEXICO: Veracruz: Atotonilco de Calcahualco, near the Pico de Orizaba National Park (19°08'30.2"N, 97°12'21.5"W, 2 238 m), collected 21–30 May 2012 by F.J. Salgueiro-Sepulveda (CAFC- UNAM).</p>
            <p>♀ allotype from the same locality (19°08'17.4"N, 97°12'16.2"W, 2 300 m), collected 4–14 October 2012 by F.J. Salgueiro-Sepulveda (CAFC-UNAM).</p>
            <p>Other material examined. N = 3. MEXICO: Veracruz: Atotonilco de Calcahualco, Plot I, 19°08'30.2"N, 97°12'21.5"W, 2 238 m, 21–30 May 2012, 1♂ (CAFC-UNAM); 4–14 October 2012, 1♀ (CAFC-UNAM). Same locality, Plot II, 19°08'17.4" N, 97°12'16.2"W, 2 300 m, 4–14 October 2012, 1♀ (CAFC-UNAM).</p>
            <p> Etymology. The species epithet, formed from the Greek odontos (tooth) and the Dutch reus (big/giant), refers to the relatively large fangs that characterize  Trachelas . </p>
            <p> Diagnosis. The male of  T. odoreus sp. n. is similar to  T. lanceolatus and  T. crassus sp. n. by having a large palpal tibia at least 0.6 times as long as the cymbium (Figs 15, 49; Platnick &amp; Shadab 1974a: fig. 73), but it differs from these species by the E longer and curved clockwise (Fig. 17; Platnick &amp; Shadab 1974a: fig. 72) and having a longer RTA with hooked tip on ventral view (Figs 17, 51; Platnick &amp; Shadab 1974a; fig. 72), respectively. Female genitalia is similar to  T. bulbosus F.O. P.-Cambridge, 1899, by having a wide atrium with two symmetrical genital openings placed anteriorly, CD irregularly coiled and Ss very small compared to the S (Figs 47, 48: Platnick &amp; Shadab 1974a: figs 70, 71). It differs from this species by having a heart-shaped atrium in ventral view (Fig. 43), symmetrical CD, FD thinner, and S length almost two and a half times the width (Figs 47, 48; Platnick &amp; Shadab 1974a: figs 70, 71). </p>
            <p>Description. Male: Total length 6.62. Cephalothorax: 3.5 long. Carapace glabrous without pattern, coloration light brown, darker in ocular area, becoming lighter towards posterior edge, thoracic grooves deep, darker in relation to surrounding cuticle (Fig. 36). Lateral and dorsal surfaces same color, cephalic area higher than thoracic (Fig. 38). Sternum glossy, almost same color as rear portion of carapace, darker at margins (Fig. 40). AME closer together than to ALE. Clypeus about one diameter of AME. All eyes subequal in size (Fig. 35). AER straight, PER procurved in dorsal view. Endites and labium dark brown, longer than wide, labium length ca. 3/4 of endites and darker in coloration. Chelicera heavily sclerotized, rugose cuticle, brown, darker than carapace. Three promarginal and two retromarginal teeth. Abdomen: 2.75 long, background pale grey. Dorsal surface dark yellow without scutum or pattern (Fig. 36). Ventral surface light yellow, booklung covers pale yellow, epigastric area slightly sclerotized (Fig. 40). Leg formula I-II-IV-III, light yellow, first pair slightly darker. Nineteen VCT, 30 VCM. Pedipalp light yellow, bulb same color as tibia (Figs 37, 39), tibia long, about 0.6 times length of cymbium, RTA short and slightly hooked, about 0.3 times width of tibia (Figs 49–51).</p>
            <p>Female: as in male except noted. Total length 9.7. Cephalothorax: 4.0 long. Carapace dark red, slightly darker in the eye area (Fig. 42). Sternum same color as rear portion of carapace (Fig. 46). Chelicera same color as anterior portion of carapace (Fig. 41). Abdomen: 5.5 long, background dark gray without scutum or characteristic pattern (Fig. 42). Ventral surface dark grey, booklungs slightly red, epigastric area highly sclerotized (Fig. 46). Legs reddish-yellow, first pair darker. VCT absent, 9 VCM. Epigynum ventrally dark red, atrium big, heart shaped, two separated copulatory openings placed anteriorly (Fig. 43); CD extremely long and slender, irregularly curled (Fig. 47). Oval elongated S that connects to a relatively short and stout FD, directly under S a bulge in the FD forms a small Ss (Fig. 48).</p>
            <p>Variation. Female: total length mean 9.7 (range: 8.9 to 10.6), carapace length mean 4.0 (range: 4.0 to 4.1. Female with no VCT present, VCM mean 7.5 (range: 6 to 9).</p>
            <p>Distribution. Known only from the type locality (Fig. 52).</p>
            <p> Biology. All specimens were collected in a  Quercus forest with secondary plant growth. Adult specimens were found in May and October 2012. Specimens were caught by beating and direct collecting over vegetation. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B58795FFD52D21FF39F9D5FAAD01E1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Rivera-Quiroz, F. Andrés;Alvarez-Padilla, Fernando	Rivera-Quiroz, F. Andrés, Alvarez-Padilla, Fernando (2015): Three new species of the genus Trachelas (Araneae: Trachelidae) from an oak forest inside the Mesoamerican biodiversity hotspot in Mexico. Zootaxa 3999 (1): 95-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3999.1.6
