taxonID	type	description	language	source
03B787FC4E777E7AFF0EFE5C2AD1F8AF.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: — The species is distinct by the resupinate basidiocarps, the absence of a hyphal layer, a setal layer thickening with age, with vertically arranged, agglutinated, thick-walled hyphae, and narrowly cylindrical to allantoid basidiospores 5 – 7 × 1.8 – 2.2 μm. Type: — CHINA. Shanxi Province, Yangcheng County, Manghe Nature Reserve, on dead branch of Vitex negundo, 25 August 2016, Dai 17049 (BJFC 023154, holotype). Etymology: — “ Angustispora ” (Lat.) refers to the narrow basidiospores. Description: — Basidiocarps annual, resupinate, effused, adnate, not separable from substrate, coriaceous, first as small patches, later confluent up to 8 cm long, 1 cm wide, 80 – 350 μm thick. Hymenophore surface smooth or locally verruculose, brownish orange (6 C 4 – 8), light brown (6 D 4 – 8) to dark brown (6 F 4 – 8), not cracked or with some scattered crevices; margin indistinct, concolorous with hymenophore surface. Tissues darkening in KOH. Anatomical structure Tomentum and hyphal layer absent; cortex absent or sometimes indistinctly present; setal layer and hymenium present (in sect. Gymnochaete or Paragymnochaete sensu Léger 1998). Hyphal system monomitic. Generative hyphae in basal part hyaline, thin- to thick-walled, simple-septate, interwoven, moderately branched and septate, 1 – 3.5 μm in diam. Setal layer thickening with age, with several rows of overlapping setae; hyphae in this layer hyaline to yellow, thick-walled, simple-septate, tightly agglutinated, vertically arranged, 4 – 5 μm in diam. Setae numerous, subulate, yellowish brown to reddish brown, smooth or with a thin hyphal sheath, distinctly thick-walled, with an acute tip, 40 – 70 × 5 – 10 μm, embedded or projecting up to 40 μm beyond the hymenium. Cystidia and hyphidia absent. Basidia subclavate to subcylindrical, with walls thickening toward the base, with four sterigmata and a basal simple septum, 16 – 22 × 4 – 5 μm; basidioles similar to basidia but smaller. Basidiospores narrowly cylindrical to allantoid, usually tapering toward one end, with an apiculus, hyaline, thin-walled, smooth, IKI –, CB –, usually bearing one to two guttules, (4.5 –) 5 – 7 × 1.8 – 2.2 μm, L = 5.8 μm, W = 2 μm, Q = 2.7 – 3.1 (n = 60 / 2). Additional specimen examined: — CHINA. Shanxi Province, Yangcheng County, Manghe Nature Reserve, on dead Vitex negundo, 25 August 2016, Dai 17045 (BJFC 023150, paratype). Remarks: — The narrowly cylindrical to allantoid basidiospores of H. angustispora resemble Hymenochaetopsis (He & Dai 2012, Yang et al. 2016). However, the blast results and phylogenetic analyses show that H. angustispora is distant from Hymenochaetopsis (Fig. 1). Hymenochaete angustispora is similar to H. fuliginosa (Pers.) Lév. (1846: 152), but this species differs in having darker basidiocarps mostly on gymnosperms, longer setae (65 – 100 μm in length) and slightly wider basidiospores (1.8 – 2.6 μm in width, Parmasto 2001). Hymenochaete tenuis Peck (1887: 57) distributed in America on gymnosperms is distinguished from H. angustispora by its darker basidiocarps and shorter and wider basidiospores (4.5 – 5.5 × 2 – 2.5 μm, Parmasto 2001). Hymenochaete cervinoidea J. C. Léger & Lanq. (1987: 43) is similar to H. angustispora by sharing cylindrical to allantoid basidiospores, however, the former species differs in having larger encrusted setae (70 – 85 × 8 – 11 μm), and lacking vertically arranged thick-walled hyphae in the setal layer (Léger 1998). Hymenochaete minuscula G. Cunn. (1957: 48) is also similar to H. angustispora, but differs in having smaller setae (40 – 56 × 5 – 6 μm) and shorter basidiospores (4 – 5 × 1.8 – 2.2 μm, Léger 1998). In the phylogenetic tree (Fig. 1), H. angustispora forms a distinct lineage which is sister to H. ulmicola Corfixen & Parmasto (2005: 465), however, this species can be distinguished by its effuso-reflexed basidiocarps, the presence of a hyphal layer and ellipsoid basidiospores (5.5 – 7.5 × 3 – 4 μm, Corfixen & Parmasto 2005).	en	He, Shuang-Hui, Liu, Shi-Liang, Li, Hai-Jiao, Dai, Yu-Cheng (2017): Two new species of Hymenochaete (Hymenochaetaceae, Basidiomycota) and H. colliculosa new to China from Shanxi Province. Phytotaxa 324 (2): 168-178, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.324.2.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.324.2.5
03B787FC4E717E7FFF0EFB762845F870.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: — The species is distinct by its effuso-reflexed basidiocarps, verruculose hymenophore surface, the presence of tomentum, the cortex and hyphal layer, and small ellipsoid basidiospores 3.5 – 4.5 × 2 – 2.8 μm. Type: — CHINA. Shanxi Province, Yangcheng County, Manghe Nature Reserve, on rotten Cornus stump, 25 August 2016, Dai 17047 (BJFC 023152, holotype). Etymology: — “ Verruculosa ” (Lat.) refers to the verruculose hymenophore surface. Description: — Basidiocarps annual, resupinate to effuso-reflexed, adnate, easily detached from substrate, coriaceous to soft corky; effused part up to 7 cm long, 3 cm wide; reflexed part projecting up to 0.5 cm, up to 0.6 mm thick. Abhymenial surface grey (6 D 1 – F 1), brownish grey (6 D 2 – F 2) to greyish brown (6 D 3 – F 3), glabrous, sulcate; margin sharp, lighter than abhymenial surface. Hymenophore surface verruculose, with numerous small tubercles, brown (6 E 4 – 8) to dark brown (6 F 4 – 8), not cracked; margin thinning, distinct, brownish orange (6 C 3 – 8) to light brown (6 D 4 – 8), up to 0.2 cm wide. Tissues darkening in KOH. Anatomical structure: Tomentum, cortex, hyphal layer, setal layer and hymenium present (in sect. Hymenochaete sensu Léger 1998). Cortex distinct as a dark line up to 50 μm wide between tomentum and hyphal layer, composed of densely agglutinated hyphae. Hyphal layer yellowish brown; hyphal system monomitic; generative hyphae in this layer hyaline to golden brown, thin- to thick-walled, simple-septate, rarely branched, moderately septate, interwoven, more or less regularly arranged, 1 – 2.5 μm in diam. Setal hyphae present, scattered, reddish brown, sinuous, usually bent toward setal layer, distinctly thick-walled with a narrow lumen, with an acute tip, up to 100 × 5 μm. Setal layer thickening with age, with one to several overlapping setae; generative hyphae in this layer hyaline to golden brown, thin- to thick-walled, frequently branched and septate, interwoven, agglutinated, 1.5 – 3 μm in diam. Setae numerous, subulate, reddish brown to dark brown, smooth, distinctly thick-walled with a narrow lumen, with an acute tip, 40 – 70 (– 85) × 5 – 7 μm, embedded or projecting up to 35 μm beyond the hymenium. Cystidia and dendrohyphidia absent. Simple hyphidia present, scattered, yellowish brown, thick-walled. Basidia subclavate to subcylindrical, usually with walls thickening toward the base, sinuous, with four sterigmata and a basal simple septum, 16 – 20 × 3 – 3.8 μm; basidioles similar to basidia but slightly smaller. Basidiospores ellipsoid, with an apiculus, hyaline, thin-walled, smooth, IKI –, CB –, usually bearing a guttule, 3.5 – 4.5 (– 5) × 2 – 2.8 μm, L = 4 μm, W = 2.3 μm, Q = 1.7 – 1.8 (n = 60 / 2). Additional specimen examined: — CHINA. Shanxi Province, Yangcheng County, Manghe Nature Reserve, on rotten Cornus stump, 25 August 2016, Dai 17052 (BJFC 023157, paratype). Remarks: — Hymenochaete verruculosa is similar to H. rubiginosa (Dicks.) Lév. (1846: 151), but the latter species differs in having smooth to sparsely tuberculate and harder basidiocarps, wider setae (8 – 10 μm in width), and slightly longer basidiospores (3.8 – 5.5 μm in length), and grows mainly on Quercus and Castanea (Parmasto 2001). Hymenochaete colliculosa resembles H. verruculosa by sharing the densely tuberculate hymenophore, but differs in having larger setae (80 – 110 × 7.5 – 11 μm) and larger ellipsoid basidiospores (5.5 – 7.5 × 3.6 – 4.8 μm, Parmasto 2005). Hymenochaete tuberculosa Cooke (1881: 101) has tubercles in the hymenophore, but it differs from H. verruculosa in having resupinate, cracked, thick, and hard basidiocarps (Léger 1998, Parmasto 2005). Hymenochaete semistupposa Petch (1925: 278) is also similar to H. verruculosa; however, it has resupinate smooth basidiocarps and is found in tropical areas on Myrtaceae (Parmasto & Gilbertson 2005). In the phylogenetic tree (Fig. 1), H. verruculosa forms a distinct lineage.	en	He, Shuang-Hui, Liu, Shi-Liang, Li, Hai-Jiao, Dai, Yu-Cheng (2017): Two new species of Hymenochaete (Hymenochaetaceae, Basidiomycota) and H. colliculosa new to China from Shanxi Province. Phytotaxa 324 (2): 168-178, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.324.2.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.324.2.5
03B787FC4E737E70FF0EF9322D0CFEAD.taxon	description	Description: — Basidiocarps perennial, effused to slightly effuso-reflexed, adnate, easily separated from substrate, coriaceous to corky, brittle when dry; effused part up to 7 cm long, 2 cm wide; reflexed part projecting up to 0.5 cm, up to 500 μm thick. Abhymenial surface brownish grey (6 E 2 – F 2), sulcate; margin indistinct, concolorous with abhymenial surface. Hymenophore surface tuberculate, with numerous small tubercles, greyish brown (6 D 3 – F 3), brown (6 E 4 – 8) to dark brown (6 F 4 – 8), not cracked or densely cracked with age; margin thinning, distinct, white (6 A 1) to brown (6 E 4 – 8), becoming thick, indistinct, concolorous with hymenophore surface with age. Tissues darkening in KOH. Anatomical structure Tomentum, cortex, hyphal layer, setal layer and hymenium present (in sect. Hymenochaete sensu Léger 1998). Hyphal system dimitic. Generative hyphae hyaline to light yellow, thin to slightly thick-walled, simple-septate, moderately branched, frequently septate, regularly arranged, 2 – 4 μm in diam. Skeletal hyphae golden brown to dark brown, distinctly thick-walled, not branched, not septate, 3 – 5 μm in diam. Setal hyphae abundant, golden brown to dark brown, distinctly thick-walled, with an acute tip, usually bent and penetrating into setal layer, up to 200 × 6 μm. Setal layer thickening with age, with one to several rows of overlapping setae, with embedded crystals. Setae subulate, reddish brown to dark brown, smooth or with a hyphal sheath, distinctly thick-walled, with an acute tip, 50 – 100 × 6 – 9 (– 11) μm, embedded or projecting up to 50 μm beyond the hymenium. Cystidia and hyphidia absent. Basidia subclavate, with four sterigmata and a basal simple septum, 20 – 24 × 5 – 6 μm; basidioles similar to basidia but slightly smaller. Basidiospores ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid, with an apiculus, hyaline, thin-walled, smooth, IKI –, CB –, usually bearing a guttule, 5 – 7 × 3.5 – 5 μm, L = 5.8 μm, W = 4 μm, Q = 1.3 – 1.6 (n = 90 / 2). Specimens examined: — CHINA. Shanxi Province, Hunyuan County, Hengshan Forest Park, on base of living Berberis sp., 29 April 2016, Dai 16427 (BJFC 022544), Dai 16428 (BJFC 022545) & Dai 16429 (BJFC 022546). RUSSIA. Altai Republic, Altai Nature Reserve, on dead twigs of Caragana arborescens, 9 September 1959, E. Parmasto TAA 8066; Krasnoyarsk Terr., Stolby Nature Reserve of Krasnoyarsk, on dead twigs of Caragana arborescens, 28 August 1971, E. Parmasto TAA 55195. Remarks: — Hymenochaete colliculosa has been reported from the Middle Asia and Siberia on Caragana arborescens (Parmasto 2005). It is characterized by perennial basidiocarps with a tuberculate hymenophore, the presence of a cortex and hyphal layer with numerous setal hyphae, and ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid basidiospores. In the phylogenetic tree (Fig. 1), H. colliculosa clustered with H. globispora with high support values. Hymenochaete globispora differs from H. colliculosa by smooth basidiocarps, an absence of setal hyphae and rounder basidiospores (4.5 – 5.5 × 3.5 – 4.5 μm, Parmasto 2005). This is the first report of H. colliculosa in China.	en	He, Shuang-Hui, Liu, Shi-Liang, Li, Hai-Jiao, Dai, Yu-Cheng (2017): Two new species of Hymenochaete (Hymenochaetaceae, Basidiomycota) and H. colliculosa new to China from Shanxi Province. Phytotaxa 324 (2): 168-178, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.324.2.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.324.2.5
