identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03A8E828FF9A290ADCB575D1FE7EFBBC.text	03A8E828FF9A290ADCB575D1FE7EFBBC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psychoda Latreille 1796	<div><p>Psychoda Latreille, 1796</p><p>Psychoda Latreille, 1796: 152 . Type species: Tipula phalaenoides Linnaeus, by monotype, according to Ježek (1984). Tinearia Schellenberg, 1803: 40 . Type species: Psychoda alternata Say, by subsequent designation, Coquillett 1910. Trichoptera Meigen, 1803: 261 . Type species: Tipula phalaenoides Linnaeus, by subsequent designation, Coquillett 1910. Psicoda Rondani, 1856: 178 (lapsus)</p><p>Logima Eaton, 1904: 58 . Type species: Psychoda erminea Eaton, by original designation. Psycoda Tokunaga, 1961: 454 (lapsus)</p><p>Copropsychoda Vaillant, 1971 nomen nudum</p><p>Psycholda Wagner, 1978: 70 (lapsus)</p><p>Psychodocha Ježek, 1984: 135 . Type species: Psychoda cinerea Banks, by original designation. Psycha Ježek, 1984: 136. Type species: Psychoda grisescens Tonnoir, by original designation. Psychomora Ježek, 1984: 137 . Type species: Psychoda trinodulosa Tonnoir, by original designation. Chodopsycha Ježek, 1984: 138. Type species: Psychoda lobata Tonnoir, by original designation. Psychodula Ježek, 1984: 138. Type species: Psychoda minuta Banks, by original designation. Ypsydocha Ježek, 1984: 140. Type species: Psychoda setigera Tonnoir, by original designation. Copropsychoda Ježek, 1984: 143. Type species: Psychoda brevicornis Tonnoir, by original designation. Falsologima Ježek &amp; van Harten, 1996: 73. Type species: Psychoda savaiiensis Edwards, by original designation. Psychana Ježek &amp; van Harten, 2005: 207. Type species: Psychoda rujumensis Ježek &amp; van Harten, by original designation. Apsycha Ježek, 2007: 146, syn. nov. Type species: Psychoda pusilla Tonnoir, by original designation.</p><p>Diagnosis. Vertex generally short (not extending above the eyes more than a distance equal to the width of the eye bridge). Labellum flattened, bearing 3–6 digitiform setae (teeth) on apex. Premental apodeme absent. Antenna with 12–14 flagellomeres, the ones apical to the 11th always reduced, fused or not in different combinations, and sometimes with small digitiform setae (“spines”). Ascoids generally Y-shaped, but in some species with one posterior and tree anterior branches (Ψ-shaped). Vein R5 ending at acute wing apex, radial fork always apical to the medial fork. Gonocoxites widely separated by the hypandrium, male surstylus bearing a single apical tenaculum. Aedeagus nearly always asymmetrical with a single paramere. Female subgenital plate bilobed, rarely trilobed, genital digit frequently present.</p><p>Comments. Albeit we have adopted here the broad definition of Psychoda by Bravo et al. (2006), we do not use their subgeneric classification, which correspond to genera previously proposed by Ježek (1984) and Ježek &amp; van Harten (1996, 2005). Bravo et al. (2006) considered the classification proposed by Ježek (1984) and Ježek &amp; van Harten (1996, 2005) to represent an advance in the taxonomy of the group, because it allowed the recognition of morphological units not previously recognized by Quate (1959a) and Vaillant (1990), but they did not find justification to maintain separate genera.</p><p>Even though dividing of a group as large as Psychoda might be desirable, we believe that such units should follow a cladistic hypothesis, in the aim to represent natural groups, and that the emphasis given to the variations seen on the antenna apex morphology in the groups of Ježek (1984) and Bravo et al. (2006) may be in fact oversplitting the taxa and maybe also masking other important characters. As can be seen in the comments for each species in this work, most of them do not agree with all diagnostic characters of one subgenera (only two of our new species can be classified in one of the subgenera: Psychoda serrana sp. nov. and Psychoda speculata sp. nov., both in the subgenus Psychodocha). If we were to use the subgenera proposed by Bravo et al. (2006) or the genera of Ježek (1984), we would have to erect new subgenera/genera for our remaining new species and also for some previously described ones, to account for variations in the apical flagellomeres. If we want to make a classification based on a hypothesis of evolution, we believe that this morphological variation alone should not be considered to propose new names. As stated by Ježek &amp; van Harten (2005), broader comparative morphological studies that take other characters into consideration, besides the apical flagellomeres, are necessary to recognize natural groups within Psychoda . Description of males of all species in this work would surely improve the discussion about the subgeneric/generic classification, but still the variations of antenna apex would require a redefinition of these groups and maybe also new names.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8E828FF9A290ADCB575D1FE7EFBBC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cordeiro, Danilo;Bravo, Freddy;De, Claudio J. B.	Cordeiro, Danilo, Bravo, Freddy, De, Claudio J. B. (2011): Taxonomy of Brazilian Psychoda Latreille, 1796 (Diptera, Psychodidae) with the description of thirteen new species. Zootaxa 3101: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.205242
03A8E828FF9B290DDCB575AAFA4AFA3C.text	03A8E828FF9B290DDCB575AAFA4AFA3C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psychoda	<div><p>Key for females of Psychoda from Brazil</p><p>1 Radial fork incomplete (Fig. 28); genital digit always present, originating from the center or base of subgenital plate (Figs. 30, 70)................................................................................................. 2</p><p>- Radial fork complete (Fig. 5); genital digit, when present, originating from the center, never from the base, of subgenital plate (Figs. 22, 96)........................................................................................ 5</p><p>2 Subgenital plate longer than wide, lobe apices separated by more than 1/3 the width of subgenital plate; genital digit small (Fig. 30); distitarsus with apical projection (Fig. 29); 2nd and 3rd palpal segments subequal in length, 4th segment 1.6–1.7 times the length of 1st.................................................................................. 3</p><p>- Subgenital plate nearly 1.5 times wider than long, lobe apices separated by less than 1/3 the width of subgenital plate; genital digit large (Fig. 70); distitarsus without apical projection (Fig. 60); 2nd palpal segment longer than 3rd, 4th segment 1.2–1.4 times the length of 1st.................................................................................. 4</p><p>3 Internal ornamentation of subgenital plate chalice-shaped (Fig. 31).................................. P. litotes Quate</p><p>- Internal ornamentation of subgenital plate with a semi-circular structure at the base of the genital digit, and a thin and small structure lateral to the digit (Fig. 35)........................................................ P. zetoscota Quate</p><p>4 Genital chamber without posterior apodeme; subgenital plate with a round apical concavity and internally with a large digit originating from the base, with lateral sclerotized structures (Fig. 69)............................ P. complexa sp. nov.</p><p>- Genital chamber with a large posterior apodeme, ending in T posteriorly; subgenital plate with apical concavity in V and internally with a large digit originating from the center of the subgenital plate, and membranous internal ornamentation (Fig. 61)...................................................................................... P. bahiensis sp. nov.</p><p>5 Subgenital plate trilobed (Fig. 157)..................................................... P. trilobatula sp. nov.</p><p>- Subgenital plate bilobed (Fig. 13)........................................................................ 6</p><p>6 Pilosity of subgenital plate restricted to the lobes (Fig. 104).................................................... 7</p><p>- Pilosity of subgenital plate not restricted to the lobes, distributed over the surface of the plate or on its distal half (Fig. 13, 87)................................................................................................... 10</p><p>7 Antenna with 14 flagellomeres; ascoids in Y, with well-developed branches (Fig. 98); vein apices (wing) without infuscation; genital digit present.................................................................................... 9</p><p>- Antenna with 13 flagellomeres; ascoids in Y, with short branches; vein apices (wing) infuscate; genital digit absent........ 8</p><p>8 Subgenital plate V-shaped................................................................... P. alternata Say</p><p>- Subgenital plate Y-shaped, with base expanded laterally....................................... P. alternicula Quate</p><p>9 Subgenital plate with concave lateral margins and 4–5 setae on internal margin of apical lobes (Fig. 148) P. speculata sp. nov.</p><p>- Subgenital plate with convex lateral margins and lobes with more than 5 setae, distributed randomly on the lobe (Fig. 104)..................................................................................... P. paranaensis sp. nov.</p><p>10 Frontoclypeal suture present (Fig. 1); distitarsus always without apical projection................................. 11</p><p>- Frontoclypeal suture absent (Fig. 44); distitarsus with or without apical projection................................. 13</p><p>11 Genital digit present; hair patch of vertex divided by a median naked band (Fig. 9).................................................................................................... P. dantilandensis Bravo, Cordeiro &amp; Chagas</p><p>- Genital digit absent; hair patch of vertex not divided (Fig. 1).................................................. 12</p><p>12 Subgenital plate with semicircular apical concavity and setae homogeneously distributed; posterior apodeme of genital cham- ber with acute apex (Fig. 95)....................................................... P. matogrossensis sp. nov.</p><p>- Subgenital plate with subrectangular apical concavity and setae absent on a well-delimited baso-lateral region; posterior apo- deme of genital chamber ending in T (Fig. 7)................................................. P. buxoides Quate</p><p>13 Female terminalia reduced, cerci and subgenital plate reduced; genital digit absent....... P. amazonensis Cordeiro &amp; Bravo</p><p>- Female terminalia normal, cerci and subgenital plate well developed; genital digit present........................... 14</p><p>14 Distitarsus without apical projection.................................................................... 15</p><p>- Distitarsus with apical projection........................................................................ 18</p><p>15 Basal band of subgenital plate projecting medially as an inverted V (Fig. 138)...................... P. silvensis sp. nov.</p><p>- Basal band of subgenital plate not as above............................................................... 16</p><p>16 Antenna with 13 flagellomeres, 12th reduced, sometimes represented only by the spine; subgenital plate internally with a pair of rosette-shaped structures............................................................. P. savaiiensis Edwards</p><p>- Antenna with 14 flagellomeres; subgenital plate internally without a rosette structure............................... 17</p><p>17 Basal band of subgenital plate straight in dorsal view, with a thin posterior projection medially (Fig. 87)................................................................................................. P. ituberanensis sp. nov.</p><p>- Basal band of subgenital plate sinuous in dorsal view, without posterior projections (Fig. 33).......................................................................................... P. serraorobonensis Bravo, Cordeiro &amp; Chagas</p><p>18 Eyes separated by 0.5 times the diameter of one facet, or less (Fig. 36); palpal formula: 1.0:0.8:0.8:1.0 (Fig. 38)......... 24</p><p>- Eyes separated by 1.0 times the diameter of one facet, or more (Fig. 71); palpal formula variable...................... 19</p><p>19 Subgenital plate subrectangular, a little wider than long, and with inconspicuous apical lobes (Fig. 77)...................................................................................................... P. concavula sp. nov.</p><p>- Subgenital plate not as above, apical lobes evident.......................................................... 20</p><p>20 Subgenital plate separated from its apical lobes by a conspicuous neck (Fig. 113)................ P. pedunculata sp. nov.</p><p>- Subgenital plate with no neck at the apical lobes............................................................ 21</p><p>21 Subgenital plate heart-shaped medially (Fig. 21); 12th and 13th flagellomeres fused, 14th flagellomere with spine (Fig. 16)..................................................................................................... 22</p><p>- Subgenital plate subrectangular or subtrapezoidal (Fig. 130); 12th and 13th flagellomeres separated or partially fused; 14th flagellomere without spine (Fig. 124).................................................................... 23</p><p>22 Base of subgenital plate projecting posteriorly on each side (Fig. 52)............................ P. atlantica sp. nov.</p><p>- Base of subgenital plate simple and straight (Fig. 21)........................................... P. laticaula Quate</p><p>23 Subgenital plate longer than wide (Fig. 130); apical flagellomeres separated (Fig. 124)............... P. serrana sp. nov.</p><p>- Subgenital plate wider than long; 12th and 13th flagellomeres partially fused................... P. divaricata Duckhouse</p><p>24 Apices of apical lobes of subgenital plate separated by more than 1/3 the width of the base of the subgenital plate; basal band of subgenital plate sinuous (Fig. 42)....................................................... P. talamanca Quate</p><p>- Apices of apical lobes of subgenital plate separated by less than 1/3 the width of the base of the subgenital plate; basal band of subgenital plate straight and with a small median projection (Fig. 21)........................... P. pentagona sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8E828FF9B290DDCB575AAFA4AFA3C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cordeiro, Danilo;Bravo, Freddy;De, Claudio J. B.	Cordeiro, Danilo, Bravo, Freddy, De, Claudio J. B. (2011): Taxonomy of Brazilian Psychoda Latreille, 1796 (Diptera, Psychodidae) with the description of thirteen new species. Zootaxa 3101: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.205242
03A8E828FF9C290CDCB57727FA43FE8E.text	03A8E828FF9C290CDCB57727FA43FE8E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psychoda	<div><p>Key for males of Psychoda from Brazil</p><p>1 Frontoclypeal suture present; hair patch of frons not extending between the eyes, with a small triangular patch (sometimes divided) between the eyes; hair patch of vertex divided by a naked median band; surstylus short and truncate.............................................................................. P. dantilandensis Bravo, Cordeiro &amp; Chagas</p><p>- Frontoclypeal suture absent; hair patch of frons extending between eyes; hair patch of vertex not divided; surstylus long and slender.............................................................................................. 2</p><p>2 Radial fork incomplete........................................................................ P. zetoscota</p><p>- Radial fork complete.................................................................................. 3</p><p>3 Wing without infuscation at apices of veins; antenna with 13 or 14 flagellomeres, but when 13, flagellomeres 11–13 fused, 12th flagellomere vestigial; ascoids in Y or Ψ, with well developed branches..................................... 4</p><p>- Wing with infuscation at apices of veins; antenna with 13 flagellomeres, 13th smaller and separated, 12th well developed, fused with 11th; ascoids always in Y, with short branches..................................................... 6</p><p>4 Antenna with 14 flagellomeres; distitarsus with apical projection; palpal formula approximately 1:1:1:1................ 5</p><p>- Antenna with 13 flagellomeres, 12th vestigial, sometimes represented only by the spine; distitarsus without apical projection; palpal formula: 1:1.1:1.3:1.6.................................................................. P. savaiiensis</p><p>5 Gonostylus with one long setae at base; basiphallus shorter than distiphallus; ascoids in Ψ................. P. amazonensis</p><p>- Gonostylus without long setae at base; basiphallus longer than distiphallus; ascoids in Y................... P. divaricata</p><p>6 Paramere robust, as long as and ending at the same level of distiphallus................................... P. alternata</p><p>- Paramere slender, strongly curved and shorter than distiphallus....................................... P. alternicula</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8E828FF9C290CDCB57727FA43FE8E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cordeiro, Danilo;Bravo, Freddy;De, Claudio J. B.	Cordeiro, Danilo, Bravo, Freddy, De, Claudio J. B. (2011): Taxonomy of Brazilian Psychoda Latreille, 1796 (Diptera, Psychodidae) with the description of thirteen new species. Zootaxa 3101: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.205242
03A8E828FF9D290CDCB57075FCF2FAB1.text	03A8E828FF9D290CDCB57075FCF2FAB1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psychoda alternata Say	<div><p>Psychoda alternata Say</p><p>Psychoda alternata Say, 1825: 358 . Type locality: unknown (holotype probably destroyed according to Quate (1955)). Psychoda tripunctata Macquart, 1838: 81 .</p><p>Psychoda sexpunctata Phillipi, 1865: 631 .</p><p>Psychoda septempunctata Phillipi, 1865: 631</p><p>Psychoda conspicillata Hutton, 1881: 13 .</p><p>Paychoda schizura Kincaid, 1899: 32 .</p><p>Psychoda floridica Haseman, 1907: 316 .</p><p>Psychoda nocturnala Haseman, 1907: 319 .</p><p>Psychoda bengalensis Brunetti, 1908: 371 .</p><p>Psychoda albimaculata Welch, 1912: 411 .</p><p>Psychoda dakotensis Dyar, 1926: 108 .</p><p>Psychoda alternata var. marmosa Abreau, 1930: 123 . Psychoda alternata var. floridica Johannsen, 1934: 25 .</p><p>Diagnosis. antenna with 13 flagellomeres, 11th fused to 12th, 13th smaller than the others; ascoids in Y with short arms; wing with infuscation at the apices of the veins; male surstylus 1.5 times longer than the length of epandrium; gonostylus as long as gonocoxite, with short setae homogeneously distributed; paramere as wide as and ending at the same level of distiphallus; female subgenital plate in V.</p><p>Additional characters. 8 supra-ocular setae; clypeus with no conspicuous alveoli; frontoclypeal suture absent; distitarsus with apical projection; female subgenital plate with only a few setae in the internal margin of the lobes; genital chamber rounded, a little wider than long, with a posterior apodeme almost reaching the apex of the apical lobes; male gonostylus as long as gonocoxite, with an acute apex and short setae homogeneously distributed; basiphallus thin in dorsal view (slightly flattened laterally) and as long as the distiphallus.</p><p>Material examined. 1 Ƥ BRAZIL, Pará, Santarém, Chac. N. S. Nazaré, km 13, mata, 27.xi.1998, 8cdc, no collector name (INPA); 4 Ƥ BRAZIL, Bahia, Salvador, 18.xii.2005, col. F. Bravo (MZUEFS); 2 3 and 2 Ƥ same locality and collector, 15.iv.2006 (MZUEFS).</p><p>Distribution. cosmopolitan.</p><p>Comments. see comments below, under P. alternicula .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8E828FF9D290CDCB57075FCF2FAB1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cordeiro, Danilo;Bravo, Freddy;De, Claudio J. B.	Cordeiro, Danilo, Bravo, Freddy, De, Claudio J. B. (2011): Taxonomy of Brazilian Psychoda Latreille, 1796 (Diptera, Psychodidae) with the description of thirteen new species. Zootaxa 3101: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.205242
03A8E828FF9D290FDCB574AEFE08FD0F.text	03A8E828FF9D290FDCB574AEFE08FD0F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psychoda alternicula Quate	<div><p>Psychoda alternicula Quate</p><p>Psychoda alternicula Quate, 1955: 222 . Type Locality: EUA (Florida, W. Palm Beach, Morrison Field)</p><p>Diagnosis. antenna with 13 flagellomeres, 11th fused to 12th, 13th very small; ascoids in Y with short arms; wing with infuscation at the apex of veins; male cerci longer than 1.5 times the length of epandrium; gonostylus as long as gonocoxite, and with short setae homogeneously distributed; paramere shorter than aedeagus; female subgenital plate in Y with an prominent basal band.</p><p>Additional characters. hair patch of frons extending to facet row 1 or 2, rarely to 3; 5–7 supra-ocular setae; clypeus without conspicuous alveoli; frontoclypeal suture absent; distitarsus with apical projection; female subgenital plate with a few setae at the internal margin of the lobes; genital chamber rounded, with a posterior apodeme; male gonostylus as long as gonocoxite, with an acute apex and short setae homogeneously distributed; paramere strongly curved.</p><p>Material examined. type material: Holotype Ƥ USA, Florida, Morrison Field, W. Palm, Beach, 02.x.1942, col. D. E. Hardy (USNM). Other specimens: 3 Ƥ BRAZIL, Mato Grosso, Barão de Melgaço, baia de Brocoruré, 07.iv.1998, 20 cdc – m, col. RF /FLS/RDN (2 INPA, 1 MZUEFS); 1 3 and 2 Ƥ BRAZIL, Bahia, Dantilândia, Faz Edmilson, 14.iv.2005, Malaise trap, col. C. Chagas &amp; R. Vieira (MZUEFS); 3 3 and 3 Ƥ Bahia, Dantilândia, 17.iv.2005, col. R. Vieira &amp; C. Chagas (MZUEFS); 1 Ƥ Bahia, Dantilândia, x–xi.2005, Malaise trap, col. C. Oliveira (MZUEFS).</p><p>Distribution. North and Central America and Brazil (Mato Grosso and Bahia).</p><p>Comments. Psychoda alternicula and P. alternata, together with P. lativentris Berdén, compose the species complex known as the “ alternata complex” (Quate 1955). This species group is characterized by the presence of brown spots (infuscation) on the wing apex, antenna with 13 flagellomeres, 11th-13th reduced upwardly and the short arms of the ascoids. This features are also the diagnostic characters of the subgenus Tinearia, and it seems to delimit a very homogeneous group of species. These species can be distinguished from one another mainly by the female terminalia. Psychoda alternata has a V-shaped subgenital plate, whereas the subgenital plate of P. alternicula is shaped as a Y, with a prominent basal band. Psychoda lativentris has a U-shaped subgenital plate, with a prominent basal band, as in P. alternicula . Few inconspicuous differences are present in the male terminalia: P. alternata has a robust paramere that is as long as the distiphallus, whereas P. alternicula has a thinner paramere that is curved and shorter than the distiphallus; the paramere of P. lativentris is thin and shorter than the distiphallus (according to Quate (1955)).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8E828FF9D290FDCB574AEFE08FD0F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cordeiro, Danilo;Bravo, Freddy;De, Claudio J. B.	Cordeiro, Danilo, Bravo, Freddy, De, Claudio J. B. (2011): Taxonomy of Brazilian Psychoda Latreille, 1796 (Diptera, Psychodidae) with the description of thirteen new species. Zootaxa 3101: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.205242
03A8E828FF9E290FDCB573F7FE8AF8FB.text	03A8E828FF9E290FDCB573F7FE8AF8FB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psychoda amazonensis Cordeiro & Bravo	<div><p>Psychoda amazonensis Cordeiro &amp; Bravo</p><p>Psychoda amazonensis Cordeiro &amp; Bravo, 2008: 116 . Type Locality: Brazil (Amazonas, Silves, Saracá)</p><p>Diagnosis. eyes separated by 0.3 facet diameters; antenna with 14 flagellomeres, 12th–14th fused; ascoids with 1 inferior and 3 superior arms; gonostylus with a long basal setae; gonocoxal bridge expanded posteriorly, with acute apex, extending beyond apex of distiphallus; paramere absent; female terminalia reduced (cerci and subgenital plate reduced), genital digit absent.</p><p>Additional characters. hair patch of frons extending to facet row 2 or 3; 4–5 (rarely 6) supra-ocular setae; interocular suture absent; clypeus with 2 stronger lateral alveoli; frontoclypeal suture absent or apparently incomplete; distitarsus with apical projection.</p><p>Material examined. type material: holotype 3 BRAZIL, Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, 30.vi.1997, no collector name (INPA); 2 paratypes 3 e 5 paratypes Ƥ, same dates and locality as the holotype, no collector name (13 e 3Ƥ INPA, 13 e 2Ƥ MZUEFS). Other specimens: 2 3 e 3 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, 01.vi.1997, 6cdc- 1m, no collector name (INPA); 1 3 e 1 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, área alterada, 29.v.1997, 7 cdc/m, col. TVB/FLS (MZUEFS).</p><p>Distribution. BRAZIL (Amazonas).</p><p>Comments. according to Cordeiro &amp; Bravo (2008), this species is likely obligatorily viviparous, making it the only known viviparous species in Psychoda .</p><p>Four-branched ascoids are found only on two subgenera of Psychoda: Falsologima and Apsycha comb. nov, but in the subgenus Falsologima the females have three-branched ascoids. Although the long setae seen on gonotylus of males of this species is also a character of subgenus Falsologima, the number of apical flagellomeres and the shape of female ascoid clearly separate it from this subgenus. Also, according to original description and key of Ježek (2007), in the subgenus Apsycha the 13th and 14th flagellomeres are separated and also 14th is shortly spindle-shaped, what is not true for P. amazonensis . This species cannot be also assigned to any of other subgenera of Psychoda because of differences between the pattern of fusion of the three apical flagellomeres.</p><p>Psychoda amazonensis is morphologicaly similar to P. quiniversa Quate (Costa Rica) in the following characters: shape of the antennal apex; pattern of the frons pilosity; female ascoids with 3 upper arms; male with no paramere; ventral pilosity of the gonocoxal bridge; and gonostylus with one long basal setae. However, Psychoda amazonensis has 4 facet rows on the eye bridge, subgenital plate reduced and long gonocoxal bridge, whereas Psychoda quiniversa has 5 facet rows, subgenital plate normal and gonocoxal bridge short. The last character, of diagnostic value according to our observations, is frequently neglected in the descriptions of Psychoda . We believe that more attention should be given to this character, and to the pattern of pilosity of the female subgenital plate and male gonostylus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8E828FF9E290FDCB573F7FE8AF8FB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cordeiro, Danilo;Bravo, Freddy;De, Claudio J. B.	Cordeiro, Danilo, Bravo, Freddy, De, Claudio J. B. (2011): Taxonomy of Brazilian Psychoda Latreille, 1796 (Diptera, Psychodidae) with the description of thirteen new species. Zootaxa 3101: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.205242
03A8E828FF9F290EDCB571B7FA43F862.text	03A8E828FF9F290EDCB571B7FA43F862.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psychoda buxoides Quate	<div><p>Psychoda buxoides Quate</p><p>(Figs. 1–8)</p><p>Psychoda buxoides Quate, 1996: 71 . Type locality: Costa Rica (Guanacaste, La Pacifica).</p><p>Diagnosis. antenna with 14 flagellomeres, flagellomeres 12–14 subequal and separated; palpal formula 1.0:1.3:1.4:1.7; hair patch of frons not extending beyond median line of eye bridge; frontoclypeal suture present; female subgenital plate with subrectangular apical concavity, and internally with an apical circle of small setae and bilobed ornamentation.</p><p>Female. Head (Fig. 1): vertex, frons and clypeus pilose; hair patch of frons extending to facet row 3; eye bridge with 4 facet rows, separated by 1.0–2.7 facet diameters; 4–5 supra-ocular setae; interocular suture absent; rounded areas less sclerotized up to the antennal fossets and between the eyes; clypeus with no conspicuous alveoli; frontoclypeal suture present; antenna with scape cylindrical, 1.5 the length of the subspherical pedicel, and with 14 flagellomeres, 12–14 reduced, subspherical and separated (Fig. 2); ascoids in Y; palpal formula 1.0:1.3(1.24– 1.35):1.4(1.30–1.62):1.7(1.59–1.89) (Fig. 3); labellum with 3–4 apical teeth and 2 lateral setae (Fig. 4). Wing (Fig. 5): Sc vein not extending beyond base of vein Rs; radial and medial forks complete; veins R5, CuA1, and CuA2 slightly darkened. Distitarsus without apical projection (Fig. 6). Terminalia: subgenital plate wider than long, bilobed, with convex lateral margins, homogeneously pilose except for the naked latero-basal area delimited by a sclerotized band (Fig. 7); apical concavity of subgenital plate subrectangular; genital digit absent; subgenital plate internally with an apical circle of small setae and a bilobed structure (Fig. 8); genital chamber subrectangular, longer than wide (Fig. 7).</p><p>Male. See description of P. buxoides in Quate (1996).</p><p>Material examined. type material: Holotype ( P. buxoides) Ƥ COSTA RICA, Guanac., La Pacifica, 40km SE of Libéria, 100m, 17.vii.1993, light trap, col. L. W. Quate (INBIO). Other specimens: 2 Ƥ BRAZIL, Amazonas, Pitinga, Lixeira, 08–12. xii.1998, 2 cdc/m, col. RF /FLS/RDN (INPA); 1 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, área alterada, 29.v.1997, 7cdc/m, col. TVB/FLS (INPA); 2 Ƥ Silves, Saracá, 30.vi.1997, 6cdc- 1m, no collector name (INPA); 3 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, 11.xii.1997, 6cdc/m, col. RF /FLS/LMC (MZUEFS); 16 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, área alterada, 17.xii.1997, 6cdc/m, col. RF /FLS/LMC (8 INPA, 8 MZUEFS); 1 Ƥ Amazonas, Manacapuru, Cajatuba, km 69/3, 10.x.1998, 3cdc copa, no collector name (MZUEFS); 1 Ƥ Amazonas, Manacapuru, Cajatuba, km 69/3, 06.xi.1998, 8cdcd/m, no collector name (INPA); 4 Ƥ BRAZIL, Pará, Chácara N. S. Nazaré, km 13, mata, 27.xi.1998, 8cdc, no collector name (2 INPA, 2 MZUEFS); 8 Ƥ BRAZIL, Mato Grosso, Barão de Melgaço, baia de Bracoruré, 07.iv.1998, 20cdc/m, col. RF /FLS/RDN (4 INPA, 4 MZUEFS).</p><p>Distribution. Costa Rica, Brazil (Amazonas, Pará and Mato Grosso).</p><p>Comments. when describing P. buxoides, Quate (1996) distinguished it from the other species of Psychoda by the concavity between the apical lobes of the subgenital plate. This feature is also found in P. aitkeni Quate. We suspect about the synonym of this two species, but as no type material of P. aitkeni was examined, we can not conclude this. Moreover, in the description of P. aitkeni, Quate (1959b) stated that the eyes of this species are separated by 1.0 facet diameters and also provided a figure of the subgenital plate, showing lateral lobuli in the base of the subgenital plate. In the examined material, the distance between eyes ranged between 1.3–2.7 facet diameters (1.5 in the original description of P. buxoides), and no lobuli was seen in the base of subgenital plate. This two species must be closely related as evidenced by the morphological characters, including the particular internal ornamentation of subgenital plate.</p><p>In the description of P. buxoides, Quate (1996) did not present a good representation of the pilosity found in the Subgenital plate, but the pattern found in the holotype is exactly the same found in the Brazilian specimens. Quate (1996) also represented the second and third palpal segments as being of the same length. We have observed some variation in the relative lengths of these structures in specimens from Brazil, which have the 2nd palpal segment generally a little shorter than the third. Because all Brazilian specimens studied by us had a broken antenna, our description of the antenna apex is based on the original description and on the holotype of P. buxoides . No males were found in the available material from Brazil.</p><p>This species has the characteristics of the subgenus Psychodocha, except for the presence of spines on the 11th and 13th flagellomeres, as seen on the holotype. P. buxoides is similar to Psychoda matogrossensis sp. nov. in the presence of a frontoclypeal suture, but can be distinguished from it by the shape of the apical concavity of the subgenital plate, subrectangular in P. buxoides and concave in the other. This is the first record of P. buxoides in Brazil.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8E828FF9F290EDCB571B7FA43F862	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cordeiro, Danilo;Bravo, Freddy;De, Claudio J. B.	Cordeiro, Danilo, Bravo, Freddy, De, Claudio J. B. (2011): Taxonomy of Brazilian Psychoda Latreille, 1796 (Diptera, Psychodidae) with the description of thirteen new species. Zootaxa 3101: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.205242
03A8E828FF902903DCB577AAFE37FE27.text	03A8E828FF902903DCB577AAFE37FE27.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psychoda dantilandensis Bravo, Cordeiro & Chagas	<div><p>Psychoda dantilandensis Bravo, Cordeiro &amp; Chagas</p><p>(Figs 9–14)</p><p>Psychoda dantilandensis Bravo, Cordeiro &amp; Chagas, 2006: 8 . Type locality: Brazil (Bahia, Dantilândia)</p><p>Diagnosis. eyes separated by 2.5 facet diameters (males) and 3.5–3.8 (females); hair patch of frons not extending between eyes; vertex pilose, with a naked band medially; 12th, 13th and 14th flagellomeres very similar and separated; male cerci shorter than 1.5 the length of epandrium; paramere thin and with hooked apex; female subgenital plate homogeneously pilose; genital chamber subquadrate, with posterior apodeme.</p><p>Additional characters. Male. hair patch of frons with a small triangular patch (sometimes divided) between eyes; hair patch of vertex divided by a naked median band; eyes separated by 2.5–3.0 facet diameters; 6 supra-ocular setae; interocular suture absent; clypeus with no conspicuous alveoli; frontoclypeal suture present; distitarsus with no apical projection; gonocoxite with few short setae (no more than 10) on basal half.</p><p>Female. Head (Fig. 9): similar to male with the following exceptions: no triangular patch of alveoli between eyes; eyes separated by 3.5–3.8 facet diameters; 4–5 supra-ocular setae; antenna apex unknown; ascoid in Y; palpal formula 1.0:1.2(1.17–1.23):1.2(1.13–1.23):1.4(1.38–1.53) (Fig. 10); labellum with 3 apical teeth and 3 lateral setae. Wing and distitarsus as described for the male, as illustrated (Figs 11–12). Terminalia: subgenital plate wider than long, bilobed, homogeneously pilose (Fig. 13); genital digit present; subgenital plate internally showing a diagonal band and a subtriangular structure, bilobed posteriorly (Fig. 14); genital chamber subquadrate, with posterior apodeme (Fig. 13).</p><p>Material examined. type material: holotype 3 BRAZIL, Bahia, Dantilândia, Faz. Sossego, 15º06’S 40º00’W, 25.iv.2004, col. R. Vieira &amp; C. Chagas (MZUEFS); 1 paratype 3, same dates, locality and collector as the holotype (MZUEFS); 2 paratypes 3 Bahia, Itabuna, 14º45’S 39º17’O, 30.v.1999, col. J. R. Santos (MZUEFS). Other specimens: 1 3 Bahia, Dantilândia, 17.iv.2005, col. R. Vieira &amp; C. Chagas (MZUEFS); 2 3 Bahia, Dantilândia, x– xi.2005, Malaise trap, col. C. Oliveira (MZUEFS); 2 Ƥ Bahia, Dantilândia, 17.iv.2005, col. C. Chagas &amp; R. Vieira (MZUEFS); 3 Ƥ Bahia, Dantilândia, x–xi.2005, Malaise trap, col. C. Oliveira (MZUEFS).</p><p>Distribution. Brazil (Bahia).</p><p>Comments. the association of the female with the male of P. dantilandensis is based on the shape of the antenna, the pattern of vertex pilosity (unique in Brazilian species of Psychoda), the presence of a frontoclypeal suture and the absence of an apical projection on the distitarsus. Moreover, the females were collected in the same locality and two of them in the same month as the males. However, the females analyzed did not show the triangular patch of alveoli between the eyes, present in all males. The sexual dimorphism in this species needs to be further evaluated, based on a larger sample. As stated by Bravo, Cordeiro &amp; Chagas (2006), this species could be assigned to the subgenus Psychodocha .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8E828FF902903DCB577AAFE37FE27	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cordeiro, Danilo;Bravo, Freddy;De, Claudio J. B.	Cordeiro, Danilo, Bravo, Freddy, De, Claudio J. B. (2011): Taxonomy of Brazilian Psychoda Latreille, 1796 (Diptera, Psychodidae) with the description of thirteen new species. Zootaxa 3101: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.205242
03A8E828FF922903DCB570DFFB94F91A.text	03A8E828FF922903DCB570DFFB94F91A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psychoda divaricata Duckhouse	<div><p>Psychoda divaricata Duckhouse</p><p>Psychoda divaricata Duckhouse, 1968: 37 . Type locality: Brazil (Santa Catarina, Nova Teutônia).</p><p>Diagnosis. eyes separated by 1.0 facet diameters (males) and 1.5 (females); antenna with 14 flagellomeres, 12th and 13th partially fused, 11th with a spine; male surstylus longer than 1.5 the length of epandrium; paramere inflated and with 2 acute projections apically; distiphallus with 2 arms, one laterally flattened and leaf shaped, the other slender, with acute apex; internal ornamentation of the subgenital plate in U, with 2 small sac-like structures at the base.</p><p>Additional characters. Eyes separated by 1.3–1.8 facet diameters (females) and 0.9–1.0 (males); 5–6 supraocular setae; clypeus with 2 stronger lateral alveoli; frontoclypeal suture absent; antenna with spine present on flagellomeres 11 and 13; labellum with 4 apical teeth (3 long and 1 short) and 1–2 lateral setae; wing with Sc vein ending just beyond base of vein Rs; distitarsus with apical projection; female subgenital plate pilose on distal half; aedeagus in 2 parts: dorsal portion less sclerotized, laterally flattened, and leaf-shaped, ventral portion simple, with acute apex; paramere (dorsal part of aedeagus according to Duckhouse (1968) and Bravo et al. (2006)) distally inflated, with 2 acute apical projections; gonocoxal bridge projecting anteriorly, forming a subquadrate plate, and posteriorly, forming 2 lobes; epandrium with 1 pseudo-spiracular opening; surstylus conical, 1.5 X the length of epandrium.</p><p>Material examined. Type material: allotype Ƥ BRAZIL, Santa Catarina, Nova Teutonia, 9.vi.1938, col. Fritz Plaumann, B. M. 1938-682 (BMNH); paratype 3 Santa Catarina, Nova Teutonia, 18.vi.1938, col. Fritz Plaumann, B. M. 1938-682 (BMNH). Other specimens: 4 Ƥ BRAZIL, Pará, Santarém, Chácara N. S. Nazaré, Km 13 – 8 cdc – mata, 27.xi.1998, col. RF /RAN/FLS (3 INPA, 1 MZUEFS); 1 3 BRAZIL, Bahia, Jussari, Serra do Teimoso, 01.ix.2001, luminosa, col. F. Bravo &amp; I. Castro (MZUEFS); 1 Ƥ Bahia, Ituberá, 01.vii.2003, col. I. Castro (MZU- EFS); 4 Ƥ BRAZIL, Espírito Santo, Pancas, Faz. Juliberto Stur – Área 1, 19º13’10.5’’S 40º46’23.8’’W, 31.i– 08.ii.2003, col. M. Tavares, C. Azevedo &amp; eq. (MZUEFS); 3 Ƥ same locality and collectors, 24–31.i.2003 (MZU- EFS); 1 Ƥ Espírito Santo, Pancas, Faz. Juliberto Stur – Área 2, 13º12’54.8’’S 40º47’52.5’’W, same collectors (MZUEFS); 1 3 and 3 Ƥ BRAZIL, Paraná, Antonina, Res. Sapitanduva, Malaise trap, 02.iii.1987, Profaupar 4.5 (1 3 and 2 Ƥ DZUP, 1 Ƥ MZUEFS).</p><p>Distribution. Brazil (Pará, Bahia, Espírito Santo, Paraná and Santa Catarina)</p><p>Comments. As stated by Bravo, Cordeiro &amp; Chagas (2006) “the number and the form of the apical flagellomeres observed in P. divaricata – 14 flagellomeres, 12th-13th partially fused, and 14th smallest and spherical – is present in some other Neotropical species”, but we agree that no additional subgenera should be proposed before phylogenetic studies are undertaken. This is the first record of this species in Paraná.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8E828FF922903DCB570DFFB94F91A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cordeiro, Danilo;Bravo, Freddy;De, Claudio J. B.	Cordeiro, Danilo, Bravo, Freddy, De, Claudio J. B. (2011): Taxonomy of Brazilian Psychoda Latreille, 1796 (Diptera, Psychodidae) with the description of thirteen new species. Zootaxa 3101: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.205242
03A8E828FF922905DCB577C5FD8EFD9C.text	03A8E828FF922905DCB577C5FD8EFD9C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psychoda laticaula Quate	<div><p>Psychoda laticaula Quate</p><p>(Figs 15–22)</p><p>Psychoda laticaula Quate, 1996: 67 . Type locality: Costa Rica (Limón, Puerto Viejo de Talamanca)</p><p>Diagnosis. Antenna with 14 flagellomeres, 12th and 13th fused, 14th separated and shorter; palpal formula 1.0:0.9:0.9:1.0; subgenital plate heart shaped, with basal band and a large semi-circular structure internally.</p><p>Female. Head (Fig. 15): vertex, frons and clypeus pilose; hair patch of frons extending to facet row 1 or meeting the hair patch of vertex; eye bridge with 4 facets; eyes separated by 1.0–1.5 facet diameters; 6-7 supra-ocular setae; interocular suture absent; clypeus with 1 stronger lateral scar; frontoclypeal suture absent, sometimes with a weak band linking the tentorial fossets; antenna with 14 flagellomeres, the 3 apical reduced (Fig. 16); 12th and 13th flagellomeres fused, 14th shorter and separated from 13th; spines presents on 11th, 13th and 14th flagellomeres; scape cylindrical, 1.5 the length of the subspherical pedicel (Fig. 17); ascoids in Y (Fig. 17); palpal formula 1.0:0.9:0.9:1.0 (Fig. 18); labellum with 3 apical teeth, 1 subapical tooth and 2 lateral setae (Fig. 19). Wing: Sc vein not extending beyond base of vein Rs; radial and medial forks complete. Distitarsus with apical projection (Fig. 20). Terminalia: subgenital plate homogeneously pilose, longer than wide, bilobed, heart shaped, with well developed naked basal band (Fig. 21); genital digit present; subgenital plate internally with a lateral line curved to the apical concavity and a semicircular, slightly sclerotized structure (Fig. 22); genital chamber short, as illustrated (Fig. 21).</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Material examined. Type material: holotype Ƥ COSTA RICA, Limón, Puerto Viejo de Talamanca, Sealevel, 20-22.vii.1993, Light trap, col. L. W. Quate (INBio); paratype Ƥ COSTA RICA, Limón, Puerto Viejo de Talamanca, Sealevel, 20.vii.1993, Light trap, col. L. W. Quate (USNM). Other specimens: 1 Ƥ BRAZIL, Bahia, Ituberá, Reserva Michelin, Pancagê, 08–09.vi.2007, Luminosa, col. E. Alvim &amp; J. Oliveira (MZUEFS).</p><p>Distribution. Costa Rica, Nicaragua (Collantes &amp; Martinez-Ortega 1999), Brazil (Bahia).</p><p>Comments. The wings of the Brazilian specimen were damaged during preparation, so they were not measured. The right palpus of the holotype has only 3 segments, the third and forth segments are apparently fused. The morphology of antenna apex and ascoids on this species is close to what is found in the subgenus Psychomora, but the 11th and 12th flagellomeres are not fused as in the description of Psychomora provided by Ježek (1984).This is the first record of this species in Brazil.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8E828FF922905DCB577C5FD8EFD9C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cordeiro, Danilo;Bravo, Freddy;De, Claudio J. B.	Cordeiro, Danilo, Bravo, Freddy, De, Claudio J. B. (2011): Taxonomy of Brazilian Psychoda Latreille, 1796 (Diptera, Psychodidae) with the description of thirteen new species. Zootaxa 3101: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.205242
03A8E828FF942905DCB57341FC3CF87A.text	03A8E828FF942905DCB57341FC3CF87A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psychoda litotes Quate	<div><p>Psychoda litotes Quate</p><p>(Figs 23–31)</p><p>Psychoda litotes Quate, 1996: 64 . Type Locality: Costa Rica (Heredia, Estación Biol. La Selva)</p><p>Diagnosis. Antenna with 13 flagellomeres, 13th smaller than 12th, and 12th smaller than 11th flagellomere; palpal formula: 1.0:1.2:1.2:1.6; radial and medial forks incomplete; subgenital plate subquadrate, wider than long, with internal ornamentation chalice-shaped.</p><p>Female. Head (Fig. 23): vertex, frons and clypeus pilose; hair patch of frons extending to facet row 1; eye bridge with 4 facets; separated by 1.0–1.6 facet diameters; 6–7 supra-ocular setae; interocular suture absent; clypeus with 1 or 2 stronger lateral alveoli (sometimes not evident); frontoclypeal suture absent; antenna with 13 flagellomeres, the 2 apical reduced (Fig. 24); 12th and 13th flagellomeres fused, 13th shorter than 12th; spines present on 11th and 13th flagellomeres; scape cylindrical, 1.5 the length of the subspherical pedicel (Fig. 25); ascoids in Y; palpal formula 1.0:1.2(1.1–1.2):1.2(1.1–1.2):1.6(1.5–1.7) (Fig. 26); labellum with 4 apical teeth, one shorter, and 2 lateral setae (Fig. 27). Wing (Fig. 28): Sc vein not extending beyond base of vein Rs; radial and medial forks incomplete; veins R5, CuA1, and costal cell slightly darkened. Distitarsus with apical projection (Fig. 29). Terminalia: subgenital plate subquadrate, little longer than wide, bilobed, homogeneously pilose except on the base (Fig. 30); genital digit present; internal ornamentation chalice shaped, as illustrated (Fig. 31); genital chamber oval (Fig. 30).</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Material examined. Type material: holotype Ƥ COSTA RICA, Limón, Puerto Viejo de Talamanca, Sealevel, 20–22.vii.1993, Light trap, col. L. W. Quate (INBio); paratype Ƥ COSTA RICA, Heredia, Puerto Viejo de Sarapaqui, Estación Biol. La Selva, 22–25.vii.1993, Luminosa, col. LWQ (USNM). Other specimens: 1 Ƥ BRAZIL, Amazonas, Pitinga, Grota (c), 29.vi.1991, 12cdc – m, no collector name (INPA); 1 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, área alterada, 13.xii.1997, 6cdc/m, col. RF /FLS/LMC (MZUEFS); 1 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, 18.xii.1997, 6cdc, col. RF /FLS/LMC (INPA); 1 Ƥ Amazonas, Manacapuru, Cajatuba, km 63/3, copa, 10.x.1998, 3cdc, no collector name (MZUEFS).</p><p>Distribution. Costa Rica, Nicaragua (Collantes &amp; Martinez-Ortega 1999), Brazil (Amazonas and Espírito Santo).</p><p>Comments. Albeit the figures of the genitalia provided by Quate (1996, figs. 25e-f) show a deeper apical concavity of the subgenital plate, the holotype examined had a shallow concavity, as in the Brazilian specimens. In the original description Quate noted some variations on the shape of this structure, like “the base being broader and the sides more convergent in some species”, but he made no mention to the apical concavity. We believe that the identical internal ornamentation and shape of genital chamber, together with all other characters, is an evidence that this is an intraspecific variation.</p><p>The shape of subgenital plate and the incomplete forks in the wing ressemble P. mediocris Quate (Micronesia), but the two species can be differenciated by the internal ornamentation of subgenital plate and apical flagellomeres, that are subequal in size and clearly separated in P. mediocris . The number of flagellomeres and shape of ascoid of P. litotes is similar to what is found in the subgenus Ypsydocha, but the 11th and 12th flagellomeres are not fused as described for this subgenus. This is the first record of this species to Brazil.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8E828FF942905DCB57341FC3CF87A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cordeiro, Danilo;Bravo, Freddy;De, Claudio J. B.	Cordeiro, Danilo, Bravo, Freddy, De, Claudio J. B. (2011): Taxonomy of Brazilian Psychoda Latreille, 1796 (Diptera, Psychodidae) with the description of thirteen new species. Zootaxa 3101: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.205242
03A8E828FF952907DCB577C6FD07F9A7.text	03A8E828FF952907DCB577C6FD07F9A7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psychoda savaiiensis Edwards	<div><p>Psychoda savaiiensis Edwards</p><p>Psychoda savaiiensis Edwards, 1928: 74 . Type locality: Samoa (Savaii, Salailua). Psychoda rarotongensis Satchell, 1953: 183</p><p>Psychoda lucia Quate, 1954: 349</p><p>Diagnosis. Antenna with 13 flagellomeres, 12th vestigial; male ascoids with 1 lower and 3 upper arms; female ascoids in Y; paramere short and acute; male cerci long, slender and curved; subgenital plate wider than long, pilose only on distal half, and with apical concavity inconspicuous; subgenital plate internally with a pair of rosette like structures.</p><p>Additional characters. Eyes separated by 1.5–2.1 facet diameters (females) and 0.5–1.3 (males); 6–7 (rarely 5) supra-ocular setae (females) and 7–8 (males); interocular suture absent; clypeus with 2 or 3 stronger lateral alveoli; frontoclypeal suture absent; wing with Sc vein ending at the level of the base of vein Rs; distitarsus without apical projection; male gonocoxal bridge projecting anteriorly in U and with a pair of triangular processes posteriorly.</p><p>Material examined. Determined by Duckhouse: 1 3 and 1 Ƥ Chagos Arch., Diego Garcia, Balisage, 14.v.1971, A. M. Hutson/ B. M. 1971-346 (BMNH); 1 Ƥ Chagos Arch., Diego Garcia, Trois Picquet, 5.iv.1971, inland marsh, A. M. Hutson/ B. M. 1971-346 (BMNH). Other specimens: 2 3 and 15 Ƥ BRAZIL, Amazonas, Pitinga, Lixeira, 08–12. xii.1997, 2 cdc - m, col. RQ/RN/PE (1 3 and 10 Ƥ INPA, 1 3 and 5 Ƥ MZUEFS); 1 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, km 55, mata virgem, 29.v.1997, 7 cdc - 1m, col. TVB/FLS (MZUEFS); 1 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, 30.vi.1997, 6 cdc – 1m, no collector name (MZUEFS); 16 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, 11.xii.1997, 6 cdc - m, col. RF /FLS/LMC (8 INPA, 8 MZUEFS); 1 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, área alterada, 13.xii.1997, 6 cdc - 1m col. RF /FLS/LMC (MZUEFS); 62 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, area alterada, 17.xii.1997, 6 cdc – m, col. RF / FLS/LMC (31 INPA, 31 MZUEFS); 37 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, 18.xii.1997, 6 cdc - 1m, col. RF /FLS/LMC (19 INPA, 18 MZUEFS); 22 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, 17.xii.1999, 6cdc - m, col. FLS/ RF /LMC (11 INPA, 11 MZUEFS); 3 Ƥ Amazonas, Manacapuru, Cajatuba, km 69/3, copa, 10.x.1998, 3 cdc, no collector name (2 INPA, 1 MZUEFS); 4 Ƥ BRAZIL, Pará, Santarém, Ch. N. S. Nazaré, km 13, mata, 27.xi.1998, 8 cdc, col. RF /RAN/FLS (2 INPA, 2 MZUEFS); 2 3 and 3 Ƥ BRAZIL, Mato Grosso, Barão de Melgaço, baia de Brocoruré, 07.iv.1998, 20 cdc – m, col. RF /FLS/RDN (1 3 and 2 Ƥ INPA, 1 3 and 1 Ƥ MZUEFS); 1 Ƥ BRAZIL, Bahia, Sauípe, 14.xi.2004, col. F. Bravo (MZUEFS); 1 Ƥ Bahia, Cachoeira, Villa Rial, 24.v.2004, col. F. Bravo (MZUEFS); 2 Ƥ Bahia, Ituberá, 21.vi.2002, col. F. Bravo (MZUEFS); 1 3 and 4 Ƥ Bahia, Ituberá, 01.vii.2003, col. Eq. Lasis (MZUEFS); 3 Ƥ Bahia, Ituberá, Pancagê, 08–09.vi.2007, luminosa, col. E. Alvim &amp; eq. Ecopolinização (MZUEFS); 1 Ƥ Bahia, Ituberá, Res. Michelin, Corte Alto, 09–10.vi.2007, luminosa, col. E. Alvim &amp; eq. Ecopolinização (MZUEFS); 2 Ƥ BRAZIL, Espírito Santo, Pancas, Faz. Juliberto Stur, área 1 B1–B4, 19º13’10.5’’S 40º46’23.8’’W, 24–31.i.2003, col. M. Tavares, C. Azevedo &amp; eq. (MZUEFS); 4 Ƥ Espírito Santo, Pancas, Faz. Juliberto Stur, área 1, 19º13’10.5’’S 40º46’23.8’’W, 31.i–08.ii.2003, col. M. Tavares, C. Azevedo &amp; eq. (MZUEFS); 1 3 and 3 Ƥ Espírito Santo, Pancas, Faz. Juliberto Stur, área 2 T7, 13º12’54.8’’S 40º47’52.5’‘W, 24–31.i.2003, col. M. Tavares, C. Azevedo &amp; eq. (MZUEFS); 3 Ƥ Espírito Santo, Pancas, Faz. Juliberto Stur, área 2, T5–T8, 19º12’54.5’’S 40º47’52.5’’W, 31.i–07.ii.2003, col. M. Tavares, C. Azevedo &amp; eq. (MZUEFS); 1 Ƥ Espírito Santo, Santa Maria de Jetibá, Faz. Clarindo Kruger, 20º04’22.5’’S 40º44’5.5’’W, 29.xi–06.xii.2002, Malaise trap, col. M. Tavares &amp; eq. (MZUEFS); 2 Ƥ BRAZIL, Paraná, Jundiaí do Sul, Faz. Monteverde, 13.iv.1987, Malaise trap, Profaupar 1.2 (DZUP).</p><p>Distribution. Pantropical. Brazil (Amazonas, Pará, Mato Grosso, Bahia, Espírito Santo and Paraná).</p><p>Comments. According to Ježek &amp; Van Harten (1996), the antenna of this species presents a hard, bulbous portion between the last two segments which should not be regarded as a segment. We disagree with this view and propose that this structure should be regarded as a separate vestigial segment, as indicated by the presence of a spine. This is the type species of the subgenus Falsologima .</p><p>This is the first record to this species to Paraná.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8E828FF952907DCB577C6FD07F9A7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cordeiro, Danilo;Bravo, Freddy;De, Claudio J. B.	Cordeiro, Danilo, Bravo, Freddy, De, Claudio J. B. (2011): Taxonomy of Brazilian Psychoda Latreille, 1796 (Diptera, Psychodidae) with the description of thirteen new species. Zootaxa 3101: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.205242
03A8E828FF962906DCB5775FFE48FC9F.text	03A8E828FF962906DCB5775FFE48FC9F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psychoda serraorobonensis Bravo, Cordeiro & Chagas	<div><p>Psychoda serraorobonensis Bravo, Cordeiro &amp; Chagas</p><p>(Figs 32–33)</p><p>Psychoda serraorobonensis Bravo, Cordeiro &amp; Chagas, 2006: 10 . Type locality: Brazil (Bahia, Serra do Orobó).</p><p>Diagnosis. Eyes separated by 1.5–2.0 facet diameters; antenna with 14 flagellomeres, the 3 apical subequal, 11th, 12th and 13th fused, 14th flagellomere separated and spherical; ascoids in Y; median fork incomplete; female subgenital plate pilose on distal half and with lateral margins convex.</p><p>Additional characters. hair patch of frons extending to facet row 1, almost reaching hair patch of vertex; eyes separated by 1.5–2.0 facet diameters; 5–6 supra-ocular setae; interocular suture absent; clypeus with 2 or 3 stronger lateral alveoli; frontoclypeal suture absent; 11th, 12th and 13th flagellomeres fused (only 11th and 12th on original description), spines present on 11th and 13th; palpal formula 1:1.2 (1.1–1.3):1.1(1.1–1.3):1.4(1.3–1.5); labellum with 3 apical teeth, 1 subapical tooth and 2 lateral setae; distitarsus without apical projection (Fig. 32); female subgenital plate pilose on distal half, internally with a micropilose structure goblet shaped and a pair of lateral sclerotized lines just lateral to the digit (Fig. 33); genital chamber oval, with posterior apodeme.</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Material examined. Type material: holotype Ƥ BRAZIL, Bahia, Serra do Orobó, 29.xii.2004, col. F. Bravo (MZUEFS). Others specimens: 2 Ƥ BRAZIL, Amazonas, Pitinga, Grota (c), 29.vi.1991, 12cdc/m, no collector name, (1 Ƥ INPA, 1 Ƥ MZUEFS); 1 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, área alterada, 17.xii.1997, 6 cdc - m, col. RF / FLS/LMC (INPA); 1 Ƥ Bahia, Senhor do Bonfim, Serra de Santana, 28.viii.2006, col. R. Vieira &amp; C. Chagas (MZUEFS); 1 Ƥ Bahia, Senhor do Bonfim, Serra de Santana, 29.viii.2006, col. R. Vieira &amp; C. Chagas (MZUEFS); 1 Ƥ Bahia, Cachoeira, Faz. Villa Rial, 13–27.vi.2007, Malaise trap, col. E. Alvim &amp; I. Castro (MZUEFS); 1 Ƥ BRAZIL, Paraná, Antonina, Res. Sapitanduva, 02.iii.1987, Malaise trap, Profaupar 4.5 (DZUP).</p><p>Distribution. Brazil (Amazonas, Bahia and Paraná).</p><p>Comments. This species is morphologically similar to species of the subgenus Psycha, mainly in the number of flagellomeres and the type of fusion of the last flagellomeres, but different from Psycha by the globular format of the apical flagellomere, which in all species of Psycha is drop shaped. This is the first record of this species to Amazonas and Paraná.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8E828FF962906DCB5775FFE48FC9F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cordeiro, Danilo;Bravo, Freddy;De, Claudio J. B.	Cordeiro, Danilo, Bravo, Freddy, De, Claudio J. B. (2011): Taxonomy of Brazilian Psychoda Latreille, 1796 (Diptera, Psychodidae) with the description of thirteen new species. Zootaxa 3101: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.205242
03A8E828FF972919DCB57470FE58F85A.text	03A8E828FF972919DCB57470FE58F85A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psychoda talamanca Quate	<div><p>Psychoda talamanca Quate</p><p>(Figs 36–43)</p><p>Psychoda talamanca Quate, 1996: 77 . Type Locality: Costa Rica (Limón, Puerto Viejo de Talamanca).</p><p>Diagnosis. Antenna with 14 flagellomeres, 11th, 12th and 13th fused; palpal formula 1.0:0.8:0.8:1.0; subgenital plate with apical lobes in V and pilose, except basally; internal ornamentation micropilose, genital chamber with posterior apodeme, ending in T next to apex of the subgenital plate.</p><p>Female. Head (Fig. 36): vertex, frons and clypeus pilose; hair patch of frons extending to facet row 1 or 2; eye bridge with 4 facets; eyes separated by 0.36–0.6 facet diameters; 5 supra-ocular setae; interocular suture absent; clypeus with 2 stronger lateral alveoli; frontoclypeal suture absent, sometimes with a weak band between frons and clypeus; antenna with 14 flagellomeres, 11th, 12th and 13th fused, spines present on 14th and 13th flagellomeres and on the neck of the 11th; scape cylindrical, 1.5 the length of the subspherical pedicel (Fig. 37); ascoids in Y; palpal formula 1.0:0.8(0.8–0.9):0.8(0.7–0.8):1.0(0.8–1.1) (Fig. 38); labellum with 4 apical teeth and 2 lateral setae (Fig. 39). Wing (Fig. 40): Sc vein ending in the level of the base of vein Rs; radial and medial forks complete. Distitarsus with apical and lateral projections (Fig. 41). Terminalia: subgenital plate slightly wider than long, bilobed, pilose except basally, lobes in V (Fig. 42); genital digit present; subgenital plate internally with a line parallel to base and with micropilose on the internal ornamentation (Fig. 43); genital chamber oval, with a posterior apodeme, ending in T next to the apex of the subgenital plate (Fig. 42).</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Material examined. Type material: holotype Ƥ COSTA RICA, Limón, Puerto Viejo de Talamanca, Sec. Forest, Sea level, 20.vii.1993, Light trap, col. L. W. Quate (INBio); paratype Ƥ COSTA RICA, Limón, Puerto Viejo de Tal., mixed forest, 0–100 m, 20–22.vii.1993, Light trap, col. L. W. Quate (USNM). Others specimens: 8 Ƥ BRA- ZIL, Amazonas, Manacapuru, km 69/3, Cajatuba, 10.x.1998, 3cdc copa, no collector name (5 INPA, 3 MZUEFS).</p><p>Distribution. Costa Rica, Brazil (Amazonas).</p><p>Comments. Albeit in the original description Quate (1996) present a figure where the genital chamber shows no posterior apodeme, the genital chamber of the holotype present this structure and has the same shape of the Brazilian specimens. This species is morphologically similar to species of the subgenus Psychomora, but present spines in the two apical flagellomeres, contrasting with the description of the subgenus. This is the first record of this species to Brazil.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8E828FF972919DCB57470FE58F85A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cordeiro, Danilo;Bravo, Freddy;De, Claudio J. B.	Cordeiro, Danilo, Bravo, Freddy, De, Claudio J. B. (2011): Taxonomy of Brazilian Psychoda Latreille, 1796 (Diptera, Psychodidae) with the description of thirteen new species. Zootaxa 3101: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.205242
03A8E828FF892918DCB571B7FE69FBA6.text	03A8E828FF892918DCB571B7FE69FBA6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psychoda zetoscota Quate	<div><p>Psychoda zetoscota Quate</p><p>(Figs 34–35)</p><p>Psychoda zetoscota Quate, 1959b: 214 . Type locality: Panama, Canal Zone (Fort Claiton).</p><p>Diagnosis. Antenna with 13 flagellomeres, 12th and 13th fused; radial and medial forks incomplete; male gonostylus slightly curved interiorly and homogeneously pilose; female subgenital plate rectangular, longer than wide, pilose except on the base, apical concavity circular.</p><p>Additional characters. Hair patch of frons extending to facet row 1; 6–7 supra-ocular setae; interocular suture absent; clypeus with no conspicuous alveoli; frontoclypeal suture absent; labellum with 3 or 4 apical teeth and 2 lateral setae; distitarsus with apical projection (Fig. 34); female subgenital plate 1.4 longer than wide, pilose except basally; subgenital plate internally with a semi-circular micropilose structure and a pair of thin structures lateral to the genital digit (Fig. 35); genital chamber oval, slightly longer than wide; male gonostylus pilose, little longer than gonocoxite; anterior end of basiphallus in T; gonocoxal bridge well developed, forming a bilobed plaque ventral to distiphallus; tergite X with apical micropilosity.</p><p>Material examined. Type material: holotype Ƥ, Fort Claiton, Zona do Canal, 02.ii.1956, Luminosa, LWQ (USNM). Other specimems: 1 Ƥ BRAZIL, Pará, Santarém, Ch. N. S. Nazaré, km 13, mata, 27.xi.1998, 8 cdc, col. RF /RAN/FLS (INPA); 3 Ƥ BRAZIL, Bahia, Senhor do Bonfim, Serra da Maravilha, 05.vii.2005, col. F. Bravo (MZUEFS); 2 3 Bahia, Cachoeira, Fzda. Villa Rial, 14.V.2004, col. F. Bravo (MZUEFS); 2 Ƥ, same locality, 24.V.2004, col. F. Bravo (MZUEFS); 1 Ƥ Bahia, Cachoeira, Faz. Villa Rial, 20.vii.2004, col. F. Bravo (MZUEFS); 1 Ƥ Bahia, Ituberá, Pacangê, 09–10.vi.2007, Luminosa, col. E. Alvim &amp; Equipe Ecopol. (MZUEFS); 1 Ƥ BRA- ZIL, Paraná, Antonina, Res. Sapitanduva, 02.iii.1987, Malaise trap, Profaupar 4.5 (DZUP).</p><p>Distribution. Panama, Trinidad, Brazil (Pará, Bahia and Paraná).</p><p>Comments. The number of flagellomeres is similar to what is found in the subgenus Ypsydocha, but the 11th and 12th flagellomeres are not fused as described for this subgenus. This is the first record of this species in the states of Pará and Paraná.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8E828FF892918DCB571B7FE69FBA6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cordeiro, Danilo;Bravo, Freddy;De, Claudio J. B.	Cordeiro, Danilo, Bravo, Freddy, De, Claudio J. B. (2011): Taxonomy of Brazilian Psychoda Latreille, 1796 (Diptera, Psychodidae) with the description of thirteen new species. Zootaxa 3101: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.205242
03A8E828FF89291BDCB57556FEEFFE44.text	03A8E828FF89291BDCB57556FEEFFE44.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psychoda atlantica	<div><p>Psychoda atlantica, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 44–53)</p><p>Etymology. The species name, atlantica, is based on the known distribution of the species, in the Atlantic forest.</p><p>Diagnosis. Antenna with 14 flagellomeres, 12th and 13th fused together, 14th separated and shorter; palpal formula 1.0:1.1:1.0:1.1; subgenital plate with a heart shaped center and base projecting posteriorly on each side, heart shaped part also projecting internally to the base of subgenital plate.</p><p>Female. Head (Fig. 44): vertex, frons and clypeus pilose; hair patch of frons extending to facet row 1; eye bridge with 4 facets; eyes separated by 1.1–1.6 facet diameters; 6 supra-ocular setae; interocular suture absent; clypeus with 1 stronger lateral alveolus; frontoclypeal suture absent; antenna with 14 flagellomeres, the 3 apical reduced (Fig. 46); 14th flagellomere circular, shorter, separated, 13th and 12th flagellomeres fused together; 11th and 14th flagellomeres with spine; scape cylindrical, 1.5 the length of subspherical pedicel (Fig. 45); ascoids in Y (Fig. 47); palpal formula 1.0:1.1(1.05–1.16):1.0(0.89–1.0):1.1(1.0–1.21) (Fig. 48); labellum with 4 apical teeth and 2 subapical setae (Fig. 49). Wing (Fig. 50): Sc vein ending in the level of the base of vein Rs; radial and medial forks complete. Distitarsus with apical projection (Fig. 51). Terminalia: subgenital plate bilobed, with a heart shaped center and base projecting posteriorly on each side, pilose, except basally, with a few long setae on apices of basal lateral projections (Fig. 52); heart shaped part with pilose lateral expansions and projecting internally to the base of subgenital plate; genital digit present; subgenital plate internally with a small elliptical mark medially, basal to the genital digit, and a conspicuous line on each basal lateral projection, as illustrated (Fig. 53); genital chamber oval (Fig. 52).</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Material examined. Holotype Ƥ BRAZIL, Espírito Santo, Pancas, Faz. Juliberto Stur, área 1, 19º13’10.5’’S 40º46’23.8’‘W, 31.i–08.ii.2003, col. M. Tavares, C. Azevedo &amp; eq. (MZUEFS). Paratypes: 2 Ƥ Espírito Santo, Pancas, Faz. Juliberto Stur, área 1, B1–B4, 19º13’10.5’’S 40º46’23.8’’W, 24–31.i.2003, col. M. Tavares, C. Azevedo &amp; eq. (MZUEFS); 1 Ƥ Espírito Santo, Pancas, Faz. Juliberto Stur, área 1, 19º13’10.5’’S 40º46’23.8’’W, 31.i–08.ii.2003, col. M. Tavares, C. Azevedo, &amp; eq. (MZUEFS); 4 Ƥ Espírito Santo, Pancas, Faz. Juliberto Stur, área 2, Bosque 5–8, 19º12’54,8’’S 40º47’52.5’’W, 31.i–07.ii.2003, col. M. Tavares, C. Azevedo &amp; eq. (MZUEFS); 1 Ƥ Espírito Santo, Pancas, Faz. Juliberto Stur, área 2, T5–T8, 19º12’54,8’’S 40º47’52.5’’W, 31.i–07.ii.2003, col. M. Tavares, C. Azevedo &amp; eq. (MZUEFS); 1 Ƥ BRAZIL, Paraná, Antonina, Res. Sapitanduva, 02.iii.1987, Malaise trap, Profaupar 4.5 (DZUP).</p><p>Distribution. Brazil (Espírito Santo and Paraná).</p><p>Comments. This species is morphologically similar to species of the subgenus Psychomora, but present spines in the 11th and 14th flagellomeres and 11th and 12th flagellomeres separated, contrasting with the description of the subgenus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8E828FF89291BDCB57556FEEFFE44	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cordeiro, Danilo;Bravo, Freddy;De, Claudio J. B.	Cordeiro, Danilo, Bravo, Freddy, De, Claudio J. B. (2011): Taxonomy of Brazilian Psychoda Latreille, 1796 (Diptera, Psychodidae) with the description of thirteen new species. Zootaxa 3101: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.205242
03A8E828FF8B291DDCB571B7FE2FFD47.text	03A8E828FF8B291DDCB571B7FE2FFD47.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psychoda bahiensis	<div><p>Psychoda bahiensis, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 54–62)</p><p>Etymology. The species name, bahiensis, is based on type locality.</p><p>Diagnosis. Palpal formula 1:1.3:1.1:1.4; radial and medial forks incomplete; subgenital plate wider than long, subquadrangular, pilose on distal half, with a narrow and acute concavity between lobes; genital chamber subtriangular, with posterior apodeme.</p><p>Female. Head (Fig. 54): vertex, frons and clypeus pilose; hair patch of frons extending to facet row 1; eye bridge with 4 facets; eyes separated by 1.6 facet diameters; 6 supra-ocular setae; interocular suture absent; clypeus with 2 stronger lateral alveoli; frontoclypeal suture absent; antenna incomplete, flagellomeres distal to 12th lost on preparation, 11th and 12th flagellomeres separated, both with short neck and spines; scape cylindrical, 1.5 the length of the subspherical pedicel (Fig. 55); ascoids in Y (Fig. 56); palpal formula 1:1.3(1.25–1.33):1.1(1.0– 1.25):1.4(1.3–1.39) (Fig. 57); labellum with 3 long apical teeth, 1 short subapical tooth and 2 lateral setae (Fig. 58). Wing (Fig. 59): Sc vein not extending beyond base of vein Rs; radial and medial forks incomplete, base of vein R5 and costal cell slightly darkened. Distitarsus without apical projection (Fig. 60). Terminalia: subgenital plate wider than long, subquadrangular, bilobed, pilose on distal half except the internal margin of the narrow and acute concavity between lobes (Fig. 61); genital digit large, triangular; subgenital plate internally with a semi-circular structure and some lines lateral to the genital digit (Fig. 62); genital chamber subtriangular, with anterior portion rounded, and a posterior apodeme ending in T (Fig. 61).</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Material examined. Holotype Ƥ BRAZIL, Bahia, Cachoeira, 20.vii.2004, col. F. Bravo (MZUEFS). Paratype: 1 Ƥ same locality, date and collector of holotype (MZUEFS).</p><p>Distribution. Brazil (Bahia).</p><p>Comments. This species is similar to P. complexa sp. nov. and P. obeliske Quate (Costa Rica) mainly by the incomplete forks of wing, and large rod-like structure on inner face of subgenital plate, but they can be differenciated by the internal ornamentation, apical concavity of the subgenital plate and by the genital chamber, that presents a conspicuous posterior apodeme in P. bahiensis sp. nov. and P. obeliske, absent in P. complexa sp. nov. As the apical flagellomeres are missing, this species cannot be assigned to any subgenera. Complete specimens, as well as male association, may provide a better discussion about the classification of this species, and the other species with apical flagellomeres unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8E828FF8B291DDCB571B7FE2FFD47	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cordeiro, Danilo;Bravo, Freddy;De, Claudio J. B.	Cordeiro, Danilo, Bravo, Freddy, De, Claudio J. B. (2011): Taxonomy of Brazilian Psychoda Latreille, 1796 (Diptera, Psychodidae) with the description of thirteen new species. Zootaxa 3101: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.205242
03A8E828FF8C291DDCB5723FFA9DF936.text	03A8E828FF8C291DDCB5723FFA9DF936.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psychoda complexa	<div><p>Psychoda complexa, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 63–70)</p><p>Etymology. The species name, complexa, is based on the complex structure of the subgenital plate internal ornamentation.</p><p>Diagnosis. Palpal formula 1.0:1.2:1.0:1.25; radial and medial forks incomplete; distitarsus without apical projection; subgenital plate wider than long, with a narrow concavity between lobes; genital digit large, stretching from base to apex of subgenital plate.</p><p>Female. Head (Fig. 63): vertex, frons and clypeus pilose; hair patch of frons extending to facet row 1 or 2; eye bridge with 4 facets; eyes separated by 1.5–2.0 facet diameters; 5–6 supra-ocular setae; interocular suture sometimes present as a weak line; clypeus with 2 stronger lateral alveoli; frontoclypeal suture absent; antenna incomplete; scape cylindrical, 1.5 the length of subspherical pedicel (Fig. 64); ascoids in Y; palpal formula 1.0:1.2(1.13– 1.21):1.0:1.25 (Fig. 65); labellum with 3 apical and 1 subapical teeth, and 1 or 2 lateral setae (Fig. 66). Wing (Fig. 67): Sc vein not extending beyond base of vein Rs; radial and medial forks incomplete; vein R5 and costal cell slightly darkened. Distitarsus without apical projection (Fig. 68). Terminalia: subgenital plate wider than long, bilobed, pilose on distal half and with a narrow concavity between lobes (Fig. 69); genital digit large, going from base to apex of subgenital plate; subgenital plate internally with diagonal lines and a complex, well sclerotized structure next to apex of genital digit (Fig. 70); genital chamber oval (Fig. 69).</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Material examined. Holotype Ƥ BRAZIL, Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, 01.vi.1997, 6cdc – 1m, no collector name (INPA). Paratypes: 2 Ƥ same locality and date of holotype (MZUEFS); 1 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, 30.vi.1997, 6cdc – 1m, no collector name (INPA); 1 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, área alterada, 17.xii.1997, 6cdc – m, col. RF /FLS (INPA); 1 Ƥ BRAZIL, Paraná, Guarapuava, Est. Águas Sta. Clara, 12.i.1987, Malaise trap, Profaupar 3.4 (DZUP).</p><p>Distribution. Brazil (Amazonas and Paraná).</p><p>Comments. As the apical flagellomeres are missing, this species cannot be assigned to any subgenera.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8E828FF8C291DDCB5723FFA9DF936	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cordeiro, Danilo;Bravo, Freddy;De, Claudio J. B.	Cordeiro, Danilo, Bravo, Freddy, De, Claudio J. B. (2011): Taxonomy of Brazilian Psychoda Latreille, 1796 (Diptera, Psychodidae) with the description of thirteen new species. Zootaxa 3101: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.205242
03A8E828FF8C291EDCB57631FC33FE94.text	03A8E828FF8C291EDCB57631FC33FE94.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psychoda concavula	<div><p>Psychoda concavula, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 71–78)</p><p>Etymology. The species name, concavula, makes reference to the comparatively shallow concavity of the subgenital plate.</p><p>Diagnosis. Subgenital plate slightly wider than long, pilose except basally, lobes inconspicuous and with basal band projecting posteriorly on median region; genital digit present; internal ornamentation simple, with 2 small curved lines next to the base of genital digit.</p><p>Female. Head (Fig. 71): vertex, frons and clypeus pilose; hair patch of frons extending to facet row 1 or 2; eye bridge with 4 facets; eyes separated by 1.2–1.6 facet diameters; 7–9 supra-ocular setae; interocular suture generally present; clypeus with 2 stronger lateral alveoli; frontoclypeal suture absent; antenna incomplete; scape cylindrical, 1.5 the length of subspherical pedicel (Fig. 72); ascoids in Y; palpal formula 1:1.2(1.11–1.23):1.0(0.89–1.14):1.2(1.0– 1.41) (Fig. 73); labellum with 3 apical and 1 subapical teeth, and 2 lateral setae (Fig. 74). Wing (Fig. 75): Sc vein ending just beyond base of Rs; radial and medial forks complete; veins R5, CuA1 slightly darkened. Distitarsus with apical projection (Fig. 76). Terminalia: subgenital plate little wider than long, bilobed, pilose except on the base, basal band projecting posteriorly on median region and lobes inconspicuous (Fig. 77); genital digit present; internal ornamentation simple, with 2 curved lines next to the base of genital digit (Fig. 78); genital chamber rounded (Fig. 77).</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Material examined. Holotype Ƥ BRAZIL, Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, 30.vi.1997, 6cdc – 1m, no collector name (INPA). Paratypes: 2 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, 01.vi.1997, 6cdc – 1m, no collector name (INPA); 1 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, área 2, 02.vi.1997, 7cdc – 1m, col. TVB/FLS (INPA); 3 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, 30.vi.1997, 6cdc – 1m, no collector name (MZUEFS); 1 Ƥ BRAZIL, Espírito Santo, Pancas, Faz. Juliberto Stur, área 2, bosque 5–8, 19º12’54,8’’S 40º47’52,5’’W, 31.i–07.ii.2003, col. M. Tavares, C. Azevedo &amp; eq (MZUEFS).</p><p>Distribution. Brazil (Amazonas and Espírito Santo).</p><p>Comments. This species ressembles Psychoda novaezealandicae Satchell (New Zealand) mainly by the shape of subgenital plate, but the apical concavity of the last is a little deeper than in P. concavula sp. nov. Also, P. novaezealandicae have long anterior arms and R2+3 reaching R4, different from the new species. As the apical flagellomeres are missing, this species cannot be assigned to any subgenera.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8E828FF8C291EDCB57631FC33FE94	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cordeiro, Danilo;Bravo, Freddy;De, Claudio J. B.	Cordeiro, Danilo, Bravo, Freddy, De, Claudio J. B. (2011): Taxonomy of Brazilian Psychoda Latreille, 1796 (Diptera, Psychodidae) with the description of thirteen new species. Zootaxa 3101: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.205242
03A8E828FF8F2911DCB57052FDB5FBF4.text	03A8E828FF8F2911DCB57052FDB5FBF4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psychoda ituberanensis	<div><p>Psychoda ituberanensis, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 79–88)</p><p>Etymology. The species name, ituberanensis, is based on type locality.</p><p>Diagnosis. Antenna with 14 flagellomeres, the 3 apical subequal, separated; 11th and 14th with spines; ascoids in Y; distitarsus without apical projection; subgenital plate slightly wider than long, pilose on distal half, basal band with a thin posterior projection medially; genital digit present.</p><p>Female. Head (Fig. 79): vertex, frons and clypeus pilose; hair patch of frons extending to facet row 1; eye bridge with 4 facets; eyes separated by 1.6–2.3 facet diameters; 5–7 supra-ocular setae; interocular suture absent; clypeus with 2 or 3 stronger lateral alveoli; frontoclypeal suture absent; antenna with 14 flagellomeres, the 3 apical reduced, circular, subequal and separated, 14th and 11th flagellomeres with a spine (Fig. 80); scape cylindrical, 1.5 the length of subspherical pedicel (Fig. 81); ascoids in Y (Fig. 82); palpal formula 1.0:1.3(1.2–1.3):1.1(1.1– 1.2):1.5(1.4–1.5) (Fig. 83); labellum with 3 apical and 1 subapical teeth and 2 lateral setae (Fig. 84). Wing (Fig. 85): Sc vein ending just beyond base of vein Rs; radial fork complete and medial fork complete or incomplete; veins R5 and CuA1 darkened. Distitarsus without apical projection (Fig. 86). Terminalia: subgenital plate slightly wider than long, bilobed, pilose on distal half, basal band with a thin posterior projection medially (Fig. 87); genital digit present; internal ornamentation of the subgenital plate complex, with several lines as illustrated (Fig. 88); genital chamber damaged during preparation.</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Material examined. Holotype Ƥ BRAZIL, Bahia, Ituberá, Pancagê, Res. Michelin, 09.vi.2007, luminosa, col. E. Alvim &amp; J. Oliveira (MZUEFS). Paratypes: 1 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, área alterada, 29.v.1997, 7cdc – m, col. TVB/FLS (INPA); 1 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, 30.vi.1997, 6cdc – 1m, no collector name (INPA); 1 Ƥ Bahia, Ituberá, Pancagê, 10.vi.2007, luminosa, col. E. Alvim &amp; eq. Ecopol (MZUEFS).</p><p>Distribution. Brazil (Amazonas and Bahia).</p><p>Comments. The shape of antenna apex, wing and subgenital plate of this species is similar to the the descriptions of Psychoda apennata Satchell (Tasmania), P. aponesos Quate (Caroline Is.) and P. s ub p e n na ta Satchell (Australian region), but these three species have eyes separated by 1.0–1.5 facet diameter, 3rd segment of palpus a little larger than 2nd (except for P. apennata, whose palpal formula is unkown), squamuliferous setae on the sides of subgenital plate (except for P. aponesos, whose pilosity was not described), and genital digit bearing three apical spines (except for P. apennata, whose genital digit is narrow, but projecting beyond posterior margin of plate). P. ituberanensis sp. nov. is different from these three specie by the eye separated by 1.6–2.3 facet diameter, 2nd segment of palpus a little larger than 3rd, subgenital plate without squamuliferous setae and genital digit not reaching posterior margin of subgenital plate, and bearing only 1 spine in the apex.</p><p>This species is morphologically similar to the species of the subgenus Psychodocha, except for the presence of spines in the 11th and 14th flagellomeres.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8E828FF8F2911DCB57052FDB5FBF4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cordeiro, Danilo;Bravo, Freddy;De, Claudio J. B.	Cordeiro, Danilo, Bravo, Freddy, De, Claudio J. B. (2011): Taxonomy of Brazilian Psychoda Latreille, 1796 (Diptera, Psychodidae) with the description of thirteen new species. Zootaxa 3101: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.205242
03A8E828FF802910DCB575EDFA9DFF5F.text	03A8E828FF802910DCB575EDFA9DFF5F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psychoda matogrossensis	<div><p>Psychoda matogrossensis, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 89–96)</p><p>Etymology. The species name, matogrossensis, is based on the type locality.</p><p>Diagnosis. Eyes separated by 2.3–2.7 facet diameters; hair patch of frons extending to facet row 3; subgenital plate wider than long; subgenital plate homogeneously pilose, with a complex sclerotized structure internally; genital digit absent; genital chamber subrectangular, longer than wide.</p><p>Female. Head (Fig. 89): vertex, frons and clypeus pilose; hair patch of frons extending to facet row 3; eye bridge with 4 facets; eyes separated by 2.3–2.7 facet diameters; 5–6 supra-ocular setae; interocular suture weakly sclerotized; clypeus with 2 stronger lateral alveoli, sometimes not evident; frontoclypeal suture present; antenna incomplete; scape cylindrical, 1.5 the length of subspherical pedicel (Fig. 90); ascoids in Y; palpal formula 1.0:1.2(1.18–1.22):1.2(1.18–1.26):1.5(1.35–1.59) (Fig. 91); labellum with 3 apical and 1 subapical teeth and 2 lateral setae (Fig. 92). Wing (Fig. 93): Sc vein not extended beyond base of vein Rs; radial and medial forks complete; veins R5, CuA1, and distal part of veins R1, R2, R3 and R4 slightly darkened, and base of R5 with a brown spot. Distitarsus without apical projection (Fig. 94). Terminalia: subgenital plate wider than long, bilobed, with convex lateral margins, homogeneously pilose (Fig. 95); genital digit absent; internal ornamentation of subgenital plate complex, as illustrated (Fig. 96); genital chamber subrectangular, longer than wide (Fig. 95).</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Material examined. Holotype Ƥ BRAZIL, Mato Grosso, Barão de Melgaço, baia de Bracoruré, 07.iv.1998, 20 cdc – m, col. RF /FLS/RDN (INPA). Paratypes: 3 Ƥ same locality, date and collectors of the holotype (2 INPA, 1 MZUEFS); 4 Ƥ BRAZIL, Pará, Santarém, Chac, N. S. Nazaré, km 13, mata, 27.xi.1998, 8 cdc, no collector name (2 INPA, 2 MZUEFS).</p><p>Distribution. Brazil (Mato Grosso and Pará).</p><p>Comments. As the apical flagellomeres are missing, this species cannot be assigned to any subgenera.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8E828FF802910DCB575EDFA9DFF5F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cordeiro, Danilo;Bravo, Freddy;De, Claudio J. B.	Cordeiro, Danilo, Bravo, Freddy, De, Claudio J. B. (2011): Taxonomy of Brazilian Psychoda Latreille, 1796 (Diptera, Psychodidae) with the description of thirteen new species. Zootaxa 3101: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.205242
03A8E828FF812913DCB5770DFCC7FD0F.text	03A8E828FF812913DCB5770DFCC7FD0F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psychoda paranaensis	<div><p>Psychoda paranaensis, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 97–105)</p><p>Etymology. The species name, paranaensis, is based on the type locality.</p><p>Diagnosis. Antenna with 14 flagellomeres, 12th and 13th fused together, 14th circular, shorter and separated from 13th; ascoids in Y; palpal formula 1.0:0.9:0.8:0.9; subgenital plate wider than long, with convex lateral margins and few setae restricted to the lobes; genital digit present; subgenital plate internally with curved lines lateral to the digit and in the base.</p><p>Female. Head (Fig. 97): vertex, frons and clypeus pilose; hair patch of frons extending to facet row 1; eye bridge with 4 facets; eyes separated by 1.0 facet diameter; 5 supra-ocular setae; clypeus with 2 stronger lateral alveoli; antenna with 14 flagellomeres, the 3 apical reduced (Fig. 98); 14th flagellomere circular, shorter, separated from 13th, 12th and 13th flagellomeres fused together; 11th and 13th flagellomeres with a spine each; scape cylindrical, 1.5 the length of the subspherical pedicel (Fig. 99); ascoids in Y (Fig. 98); palpal formula 1.0:0.9(0.89– 0.92):0.8(0.77–0.83):0.9(0.92–1.0) (Fig. 100); labellum with 3 large and 1 small apical teeth and 1 lateral setae (Fig. 101). Wing (Fig. 102): Sc vein not extending beyond base of vein Rs; radial and medial forks complete, the medial fork sometimes apparently incomplete. Distitarsus with apical projection (Fig. 103). Terminalia: subgenital plate wider than long, with convex lateral margins and few setae restricted to the lobes (Fig. 104); genital digit present; subgenital plate internally with curved lines lateral to the digit and in the base, as illustrated (Fig. 105); genital chamber wider than long.</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Material examined. Holotype Ƥ BRAZIL, Paraná, Antonina, Res. Sapitanduva, 0 2.iii.1987, Malaise trap, Profaupar 4.5 (DZUP). Paratypes: 2 Ƥ same data of holotype (1 DZUP, 1 MZUEFS)</p><p>Distribution. Brazil (Paraná).</p><p>Comments. This species ressembles P. aculeata Quate (Costa Rica), but can be differenciated from that by shape and pilosity of subgenital plate. This species is morphologically similar to the species of subgenus Psychomora, but differenciate from them by the presence of spines in the 11th and 13th flagellomeres, the clear separation of 11th and 12th, and shape of apical flagellomere.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8E828FF812913DCB5770DFCC7FD0F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cordeiro, Danilo;Bravo, Freddy;De, Claudio J. B.	Cordeiro, Danilo, Bravo, Freddy, De, Claudio J. B. (2011): Taxonomy of Brazilian Psychoda Latreille, 1796 (Diptera, Psychodidae) with the description of thirteen new species. Zootaxa 3101: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.205242
03A8E828FF832915DCB571B7FDFEFDD4.text	03A8E828FF832915DCB571B7FDFEFDD4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psychoda pedunculata	<div><p>Psychoda pedunculata, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 106–114)</p><p>Etymology. The species name, pedunculata, makes reference to the shape of the subgenital plate, where the apical lobes are linked to the base of the subgenital plate by a neck or peduncle.</p><p>Diagnosis. Antenna with 14 flagellomeres, the 3 apical reduced, 14th shorter and circular; palpal formula 1.0:0.9:1.0:1.0; subgenital plate with neck to the lobes and internally with a subrectangular structure, wider than long; genital digit present.</p><p>Female. Head (Fig. 106): vertex, frons and clypeus pilose; hair patch of frons extending to facet row 1; eye bridge with 4 facets; eyes separated by 0.8–1.1 facet diameters; 5 supra-ocular setae; interocular suture absent; clypeus with 2 stronger lateral alveoli; frontoclypeal suture absent; antenna with 14 flagellomeres, the 3 apical reduced; 14th shorter and circular, with an apical spine; scape cylindrical, 1.5 the length of the subspherical pedicel (Fig. 107); ascoids in Y (Fig. 108); palpal formula 1.0:0.9:1.0:1.0 (Fig. 109); labellum with 4 apical teeth and 2 lateral setae (Fig. 110). Wing (Fig. 111): Sc vein ending just beyond base of vein Rs; radial and medial forks complete. Distitarsus with apical projection (Fig. 112). Terminalia: subgenital plate wider than long, pilose except on the base, with rounded lateral margins and a neck to the lobes (Fig. 113); genital digit present; subgenital plate internally with a subrectangular structure, wider than long (Fig. 114); genital chamber elliptical (Fig. 113).</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Material examined. Holotype Ƥ BRAZIL, Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, 30.vi.1997, 6cdc – 1m, no collector name (INPA). Paratype 1 Ƥ BRAZIL, Paraná, Antonina, Res. Sapitanduva, 02.iii.1987, Malaise trap, Profaupar 4.5 (DZUP).</p><p>Distribution. Brazil (Amazonas and Paraná).</p><p>Comments. This species ressembles P. plumosa Tonnoir (Ruwenzori), but can be differenciated from that by the shape of basal part of subgenital plate and lack of the cylindrical process present on each side on base of subgenital plate of P. plumosa . The specimen presenting a complete antenna has the apical flagellomeres demaged, not allowing conclusions about the fusion of this flagellomeres. Based only on females, and without this character, it is difficult to assign it to a subgenera.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8E828FF832915DCB571B7FDFEFDD4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cordeiro, Danilo;Bravo, Freddy;De, Claudio J. B.	Cordeiro, Danilo, Bravo, Freddy, De, Claudio J. B. (2011): Taxonomy of Brazilian Psychoda Latreille, 1796 (Diptera, Psychodidae) with the description of thirteen new species. Zootaxa 3101: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.205242
03A8E828FF852914DCB571B7FA9DFC29.text	03A8E828FF852914DCB571B7FA9DFC29.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psychoda pentagona	<div><p>Psychoda pentagona, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 115–122)</p><p>Etymology. The species name, pentagona, is based on the shape of the genital chamber.</p><p>Diagnosis. Eyes separated by 0.5 facet diameters; palpal formula 1.0:0.8:0.8:1.0; subgenital plate subtrapezoidal, pilose except basally, internally with a semi-circular, posteriorly pilose structure; genital digit present.</p><p>Female. Head (Fig. 115): vertex, frons and clypeus pilose; hair patch of frons extending as a narrow stripe to facet row 1 or 2; eye bridge with 4 facets; eyes separated by 0.5 facet diameters; 4–5 supra-ocular setae; interocular suture absent; clypeus with 2 or 3 stronger lateral alveoli; frontoclypeal suture absent; antenna incomplete; scape cylindrical, 1.5 the length of subspherical pedicel (Fig. 116); ascoids lost on preparation; palpal formula 1.0:0.8:0.8:1.0 (Fig. 117); labellum with 4 apical teeth and 2 lateral setae (Fig. 118). Wing (Fig. 119): Sc vein ending just beyond base of vein Rs; radial and medial forks complete. Distitarsus with apical projection (Fig. 120). Terminalia: subgenital plate subtrapezoidal, bilobed, homogeneously pilose except basally,with basal band presenting short median posterior projection (Fig. 121); genital digit present; subgenital plate internally with a semi-circular structure pilose on posterior end (Fig. 122); genital chamber subtrapezoidal, with posterior apodeme (Fig. 121).</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Material examined. Holotype Ƥ BRAZIL, Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, 01.vi.1997, 6cdc – 1m, no collector name (INPA). Paratypes: 1 Ƥ same locality and date of holotype (MZUEFS); 2 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, área 2, 02.vi.1997, 7cdc – 1m, col. TVB/FLS (1 INPA, 1 MZUEFS); 3 Ƥ Amazonas, Manacapuru, Cajatuba, km 69/3, copa, 10.x.1998, 3 cdc, no collector name (INPA).</p><p>Distribution. Brazil (Amazonas).</p><p>Comments. As the apical flagellomeres are missing, this species cannot be assigned to any subgenera.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8E828FF852914DCB571B7FA9DFC29	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cordeiro, Danilo;Bravo, Freddy;De, Claudio J. B.	Cordeiro, Danilo, Bravo, Freddy, De, Claudio J. B. (2011): Taxonomy of Brazilian Psychoda Latreille, 1796 (Diptera, Psychodidae) with the description of thirteen new species. Zootaxa 3101: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.205242
03A8E828FF852914DCB572D6FD8FF8AE.text	03A8E828FF852914DCB572D6FD8FF8AE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psychoda serrana	<div><p>Psychoda serrana, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 123–131)</p><p>Etymology. The species name, serrana, is based on type locality.</p><p>Diagnosis. Antenna with 14 flagellomeres, the 3 apical reduced and separated, 12th and 13th subequal, 14th shorter; palpal formula 1.0:1.2:1.0:1.1; subgenital plate subrectangular, longer than wide, pilose on distal half, internally with a lateral curved line and a large bilobed structure; genital digit present.</p><p>Female. Head (Fig. 123): vertex, frons and clypeus pilose; hair patch of frons extending to facet row 1; eye bridge with 4 facets; eyes separated by 1.0 facet diameter; 6 supra-ocular setae; interocular suture absent; clypeus with 2 stronger lateral alveoli; frontoclypeal suture absent; antenna with 14 flagellomeres, the 3 apical reduced and separated, 12th and 13th subequal, 14th shorter (Fig. 124); spine present on 11th flagellomere; scape cylindrical, 2.0 the length of the subspherical pedicel (Fig. 125); ascoids in Y; palpal formula 1.0:1.2:1.0:1.1 (Fig. 126); labellum with 4 apical teeth and 2 lateral setae (Fig. 127). Wing (Fig. 128): Sc vein ending just beyond base of vein Rs; radial and medial forks complete. Distitarsus with apical projection (Fig. 129). Terminalia: subgenital plate subrectangular, longer than wide, bilobed, pilose on distal half (Fig. 130); genital digit present; subgenital plate internally with a lateral curved line and a large bilobed structure (Fig. 131); genital chamber damaged during preparation.</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Material examined. Holotype Ƥ BRAZIL, Paraná, São José dos Pinhais, Serra do Mar, BR 277 km 54, 15.xii.1986, Profaupar 2.2 (DZUP).</p><p>Distribution. Brazil (Paraná).</p><p>Comments. This species is morphologically similar to the species of the subgenus Psychodocha, except for the presence of spine on 11th flagellomere.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8E828FF852914DCB572D6FD8FF8AE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cordeiro, Danilo;Bravo, Freddy;De, Claudio J. B.	Cordeiro, Danilo, Bravo, Freddy, De, Claudio J. B. (2011): Taxonomy of Brazilian Psychoda Latreille, 1796 (Diptera, Psychodidae) with the description of thirteen new species. Zootaxa 3101: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.205242
03A8E828FF862916DCB57711FB6CFDD4.text	03A8E828FF862916DCB57711FB6CFDD4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psychoda silvensis	<div><p>Psychoda silvensis, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 132–139)</p><p>Etymology. The species name, silvensis, is based on the type locality.</p><p>Diagnosis. Palpal formula 1.0:1.0:1.1:1.3; subgenital plate longer than wide with basal band projecting medially as an inverted V; setae absent on basal region on subgenital plate; genital digit present.</p><p>Female. Head (Fig. 132): vertex, frons and clypeus pilose; hair patch of frons extending to facet row 1, almost reaching hair patch of vertex; eye bridge with 4 facets; eyes separated by 1.2–1.3 facet diameters; 7–8 supra-ocular setae; interocular suture absent; clypeus with 3 stronger lateral alveoli; frontoclypeal suture absent; antenna incomplete; scape cylindrical, 1.5 the length of the subspherical pedicel (Fig. 133); ascoids in Y; palpal formula 1.0:1.0(1.0–1.1):1.1:1.3(1.25–1.3) (Fig. 134); labellum with 3 apical teeth and 2 lateral setae (Fig. 135). Wing (Fig. 136): Sc vein ending just beyond base of vein Rs; radial and medial forks complete; veins R5, CuA1 and costal cell slightly darkened. Distitarsus without apical projection (Fig. 137). Terminalia: subgenital plate longer than wide, bilobed, pilose except on basal region, with basal band projecting medially as an inverted V (Fig. 138); genital digit present; subgenital plate internally with a transversal line next to the base and concave lines next to the genital digit (Fig. 139); genital chamber wider than long, elliptical (Fig. 138).</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Material examined. Holotype Ƥ BRAZIL, Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, 30.vi.1997, 6cdc – 1m, no collector name (INPA). Paratypes: 1 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, área alterada, 29.v.1997, 7cdc – m, col. TVB/FLS (INPA); 1 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, 30.vi.1997, 6cdc – 1m, no collector name (MZUEFS).</p><p>Distribution. Brazil (Amazonas).</p><p>Comments. The general shape of subgenital plate in P. serrana sp. nov., P. silvensis sp. nov. and Psychoda undulata Tonnoir (Uganda) is similar but this three species can be differenciated by the internal ornamentation of this plate.</p><p>As the apical flagellomeres are missing, this species cannot be assigned to any subgenera.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8E828FF862916DCB57711FB6CFDD4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cordeiro, Danilo;Bravo, Freddy;De, Claudio J. B.	Cordeiro, Danilo, Bravo, Freddy, De, Claudio J. B. (2011): Taxonomy of Brazilian Psychoda Latreille, 1796 (Diptera, Psychodidae) with the description of thirteen new species. Zootaxa 3101: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.205242
03A8E828FFB82928DCB571B7FE16FCD4.text	03A8E828FFB82928DCB571B7FE16FCD4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psychoda speculata	<div><p>Psychoda speculata, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 140–149)</p><p>Etymology. The species name, speculata, is based on the somewhat similar and inverted shapes of subgenital plate and genital chamber.</p><p>Diagnosis. Antenna with 14 flagellomeres, the 3 apical globulose and subequal, 11th, 12th and 13th with short neck; subgenital plate with concave lateral margins and a conspicuous transversal line medially, with apical half more sclerotized; 3–5 short setae on internal margin of each lobe; genital digit present; a pair of micropilose oval organs internal to the subgenital plate.</p><p>Female. Head (Fig. 140): vertex, frons and clypeus pilose; hair patch of frons extending to facet row 1 or 2, hair patch of vertex extending between eyes to facet row 1; eye bridge with 4 facets; eyes separated by 1.5–2.0 facet diameters; 5–7 supra-ocular setae; interocular suture absent; clypeus with 2 or 3 stronger lateral alveoli; frontoclypeal suture absent; antenna with 14 flagellomeres, the 3 apical reduced, globulose and subequal, 11th, 12th and 13th with short neck, spine present on 11th (Fig. 141); scape cylindrical, 1.5 the length of the subspherical pedicel (Fig. 142) ascoids in Y (Fig. 143); palpal formula 1.0:1.0(0.90–1.05):1.0(0.86–1.09):1.2(1.1–1.32) (Fig. 144); labellum with 3 apical teeth and 2 lateral setae (Fig. 145). Wing (Fig. 146): Sc vein ending just beyond base of vein Rs; radial and medial forks complete, veins R5, CuA1, and distal part of veins R1, R2, R3 and R4 slightly darkened. Distitarsus with apical projection (Fig. 147). Terminalia: subgenital plate bilobed, with concave lateral margins and basal band presenting a thin posterior projection medially (Fig. 148); a conspicuous transversal line divides the subgenital plate in a less sclerotized basal half and a more sclerotized apical half; 3–5 short setae on internal margin of each lobe; genital digit present; subgenital plate internally with a pair of micropilose oval organs (Fig. 149); genital chamber subtrapezoidal (Fig. 148).</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Material examined. Holotype Ƥ BRAZIL, Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, 30.vi.1997, 6 cdc – 1m, no collector name (INPA). Paratypes: 1 Ƥ BRAZIL, Amazonas, Pitinga, Grota, 29.vi.1991, 12 cdc – m, no collector name (INPA); 2 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, área alterada, 29.v.1997, 7cdc – m, col. TVB/FLS (INPA); 1 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, 01.vi.1997, 6 cdc – 1m, no collector name (INPA); 1 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, área 2, 02.vi.1997, 7cdc – 1m, col. TVB/FLS (MZUEFS); 2 Ƥ, Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, 30.vi.1997, 6 cdc – 1m, no collector name (MZUEFS); 1 Ƥ Amazonas, Manacapuru, Cajatuba, km 69/3, copa, 10.x.1998, 3 cdc, no collector name (MZUEFS); 4 Ƥ BRAZIL, Bahia, Ituberá, Pacangê, 10.vi.2007, luminosa, col. E. Alvim &amp; eq. Ecopolinização (MZUEFS).</p><p>Distribution. Brazil (Amazonas and Bahia)</p><p>Comments. This species is very similar to P. balaenica Quate (Costa Rica), but subgenital plate is a little longer and with shallower apical concavity in P. balaenica, wich also have eyes separated by just 1.0 facet diameter. The new species is morphologically similar to the species of the subgenus Psychodocha, except for the presence of spine on 11th flagellomere.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8E828FFB82928DCB571B7FE16FCD4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cordeiro, Danilo;Bravo, Freddy;De, Claudio J. B.	Cordeiro, Danilo, Bravo, Freddy, De, Claudio J. B. (2011): Taxonomy of Brazilian Psychoda Latreille, 1796 (Diptera, Psychodidae) with the description of thirteen new species. Zootaxa 3101: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.205242
03A8E828FFB9292BDCB57292FE04FF7C.text	03A8E828FFB9292BDCB57292FE04FF7C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psychoda trilobatula	<div><p>Psychoda trilobatula, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 150–158)</p><p>Etymology. The species name, trilobatula, is based on the presence of three small lobes on the subgenital plate.</p><p>Diagnosis. Antenna with 13 flagellomeres; 13th flagellomere circular, separated from 12th; 12th flagellomere subquadrangular, with short neck and fused to 11th, spines present on 11th and 12th; subgenital plate wider than long, trilobed, pilose on distal half and next to base medially; genital digit present.</p><p>Female. Head (Fig. 150): vertex, frons and clypeus pilose; hair patch of frons extending to facet row 2 or 3; eye bridge with 4 facets; eyes separated by 0.9–1.3 facet diameters; 5–7 supra-ocular setae; interocular suture present or not (sometimes just a weak band); clypeus with 2 stronger lateral alveoli; frontoclypeal suture absent; antenna with 13 flagellomeres, the 2 apical reduced; 13th flagellomere circular, separated from 12th, 12th flagellomere subquadrangular, with short neck and fused to 11th, spines present on 11th and 12th flagellomeres (Fig. 151); scape cylindrical, 1.5 the length of subspherical pedicel (Fig. 152); ascoids in Y; palpal formula 1:1.1(1.07–1.21):1.0(0.94–1.11):1.3(1.21–1.40) (Fig. 153); labellum with 3 apical long teeth and 1 subapical short tooth (Fig. 154). Wing (Fig. 155): Sc vein ending in the level of the base of vein Rs; radial and medial forks complete; R5 and CuA1 slightly darkened. Distitarsus with apical projection (Fig. 156). Terminalia: subgenital plate wider than long, trilobed, central lobe with 4 marginal setae, pilose on distal half, hair patch extending anteriorly on median region, almost reaching the base of the subgenital plate (Fig. 157); genital digit present; internal ornamentation of the subgenital plate simple, as illustrated (Fig. 158); genital chamber oval (Fig. 157).</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Material examined. Holotype Ƥ BRAZIL, Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, 30.vi.1997, 6cdc – 1m, no collector name (INPA). Paratypes: 1 Ƥ BRAZIL, Amazonas, Pitinga, Grota (c), 29.vi.1991, 12cdc/m, no collector name (MZUEFS); 1 Ƥ Amazonas, Pitinga, mata da lixeira, lado esquerdo, 02–04.vi.1998, 5cdc/m, no collector name (INPA); 6 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, km 55, mata virgem, 29.v.1997, 7cdc – 1m, col. TVB/FLS (3 INPA, 3 MZUEFS); 4 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, área alterada, 29.v.1997, 7cdc – m, col. TVB/FLS (2 INPA, 2 MZU- EFS); 2 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, 01.vi.1997, 6cdc – 1m, no collector name (MZUEFS); 3 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, 30.vi.1997, 6cdc – 1m, no collector name (INPA); 1 Ƥ Amazonas, Silves, Saracá, 17.xii.1999, 7cdc – m, col. FLS/ RF /LMC (MZUEFS); 3 Ƥ BRAZIL, Pará, Santarém, Chac. N. S. Nazaré, km 13, mata, 27.xi.1998, 8cdc, no collector name (2 INPA, 1 MZUEFS).</p><p>Distribution. Brazil (Amazonas and Pará).</p><p>Comments. This species is morphologically similar to the species of the subgenus Psychana, except for the shape of apical flagellomere.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8E828FFB9292BDCB57292FE04FF7C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cordeiro, Danilo;Bravo, Freddy;De, Claudio J. B.	Cordeiro, Danilo, Bravo, Freddy, De, Claudio J. B. (2011): Taxonomy of Brazilian Psychoda Latreille, 1796 (Diptera, Psychodidae) with the description of thirteen new species. Zootaxa 3101: 1-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.205242
