identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03A8A256FF838A63FC10FBECFB6FFB51.text	03A8A256FF838A63FC10FBECFB6FFB51.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euscorpius Thorell 1876	<div><p>Genus Euscorpius Thorell, 1876</p> <p>Subgenus Incertae Sedis</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8A256FF838A63FC10FBECFB6FFB51	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Tropea, Gioele;Fet, Victor;Parmakelis, Aristeidis;Kotsakiozi, Panayiota;Stathi, Iasmi	Tropea, Gioele, Fet, Victor, Parmakelis, Aristeidis, Kotsakiozi, Panayiota, Stathi, Iasmi (2014): Three new species of Euscorpius (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae) from Greece. Euscorpius 190 (190): 1-22
03A8A256FF838A68FCBBFB7DFAB0FC4F.text	03A8A256FF838A68FCBBFB7DFAB0FC4F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euscorpius stahlavskyi Tropea & Fet & Parmakelis & Kotsakiozi & Stathi 2014	<div><p>Euscorpius stahlavskyi Tropea, Fet, Parmakelis,</p> <p>Kotsakiozi et Stathi, sp. nov. (Figs. 1–19; Table 1) http://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 41F12631</p> <p>-2969-444E-A839-06FE3223F97D</p> <p>REFERENCES:</p> <p>Euscorpius sp. Clade E0 (in part): Parmakelis et al., 2013: 740.</p> <p>Type material (18 specimens: 14 ♂, 4 ♀). Holotype: ♂, GREECE, Epirus: Ioannina, Konitsa, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=20.889444&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.07089" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 20.889444/lat 40.07089)">Smolikas Mts.</a> above <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=20.889444&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.07089" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 20.889444/lat 40.07089)">Palioseli</a>, 1630 m, 40°04'15.2"N, 20°53'22.0"E (40.070889°N, 20.889444°E), 17 June 2007 – 16 June 2008, leg. P.M. Giachino &amp; D. Vailati (PMGPC Sc31). Paratypes: GREECE, Epirus: same label as holotype, 7 ♂, 1 ♀, 5 imm. (PMGPC Sc31), 3 ♂, 1 ♀ (GTC), 3 ♂, 1 ♀ (MSNB); Ioannina, Konitsa, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=20.848358&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.092087" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 20.848358/lat 40.092087)">Smolikas Mts.</a>, 1600 m, 2 km before the mountain refuge, 40.092088°N, 20.848358°E, 5 July 2005, leg. M. Mylonas, 1 ♀ (NHMC 7308, 81.1.1.51, Eus77).</p> <p>Other material examined (not included in type series) (17 specimens: 4 ♂, 8 ♀, 5 imm.): GREECE, Epirus: same label as holotype, 5 imm. (PMGPC Sc31); Zagori, Vikos Gorge, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=20.716667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.966667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 20.716667/lat 39.966667)">Papingo</a>, 39.966667°N, 20.716667°E, 9 April–14 May 2008, ‘scorp14’, leg. F. Šťáhlavský, 1 ♀ (VFPC); Ioannina, Pogoniskos, W of Nemertsilo, 900 m, in the gorge, 25 June 2010, leg. P. Lymberakis, 1 ♂ (NHMC 12818, Eus42); Ioannina, Konitsa, Voidomatis</p> <p>River near Kalyvia, 440 m, 39.96860123°N, 20.66230011°E, 5 July 2005, leg. K. Vardinoyannis, 6 ♀ (NHMC 7305, 81.1.1.59, Eus20); Ioannina, Konitsa, 1.5 km before Eleftera, from Konitsa to Palioseli, 900 m, 40.06280136° N, 20.84140015° E, 5 July 2005, leg. M. Mylonas, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (NHMC 7307, 8.1.1.58); Ioannina, Konitsa, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=20.848358&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.092087" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 20.848358/lat 40.092087)">Smolikas Mts.</a>, 1600 m, 2 km before the mountain refuge, 40.092088°N, 20.848358°E, 5 July 2005, leg. M. Mylonas, 1 ♂ (NHMC 7308, 81.1.1.51, Eus77); Ioannina, Konitsa, Smolikas Mts., 200 m, 6 July 2005, leg. M. Mylonas, 1 ♂ (NHMC 7310, 81.1.1.57).</p> <p>DNA sequences (Parmakelis et al., 2013: 740): GREECE, Epirus: Ioannina, Konitsa, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=20.848358&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.092087" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 20.848358/lat 40.092087)">Smolikas Mts</a>, 1600 m, 2 km before the mountain refuge, 40.092088°N, 20.848358°E, 5 July 2005, leg. M. Mylonas (NHMC 7308, 81.1.1.51), EC202, geneseq-2: 16S, COII, ITS1 (GenBank accession numbers: KC215605, KC215774, KC215860) but not COI, see Notes; Vikos Gorge, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=20.716667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.966667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 20.716667/lat 39.966667)">Papingo</a>, 39.966667°N, 20.716667°E, 9 April–14 May 2008, ‘scorp14’, leg. F. Šťáhlavský (VFPC), FESP33, geneseq-3: 16S, COI, COII, ITS1 (GenBank accession numbers: KC215653, KC215739, KC215824, KC215 909); Ioannina, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=20.6623&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.9686" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 20.6623/lat 39.9686)">Konitsa</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=20.6623&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.9686" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 20.6623/lat 39.9686)">Voidomatis River</a> near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=20.6623&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.9686" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 20.6623/lat 39.9686)">Kalyvia</a>, 440 m, 39.96860123°N, 20.66230011°E, EC210, geneseq-3: 16S, COI, COII, ITS1 (GenBank accession numbers: KC215614, KC215698, KC215783, KC215 869); Ioannina, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=20.8414&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.0628" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 20.8414/lat 40.0628)">Konitsa</a>, 1.5 km before <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=20.8414&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.0628" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 20.8414/lat 40.0628)">Elefthera</a>, road from <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=20.8414&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.0628" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 20.8414/lat 40.0628)">Konitsa</a> to <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=20.8414&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.0628" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 20.8414/lat 40.0628)">Palioseli</a>, 900 m, 40.06280136°N, 20.84140015°E, 5 July 2005, leg. M. Mylonas (NHMC 7307, 8.1.1.58), EC209, geneseq-3: 16S, COI, COII, ITS1 (GenBank accession numbers: KC215613, KC215 697, KC215782, KC215868).</p> <p>Etymology: Named after our colleague, Dr. František Šťáhlavský (Prague, Czech Republic) who pioneered studies of Euscorpius karyotypes, and who collected one of the specimens used for DNA analysis of this new species.</p> <p>Geographic range: Northwestern Greece, Epirus, northwestern part of the Pindos Mountains (Fig. 54).</p> <p>Diagnosis. A medium to medium-large Euscorpius species, total length 30–39 mm (average 34.54). Color of adults light to medium brown/reddish, carapace darker. Reticulation or marbling always present on the metasoma, and varying from absent to weak to highly marked on carapace and mesosoma. Poorly granulated metasomal carinae, except on segment V, which has granulated carinae. The number of trichobothria on the pedipalp manus ventral surface is 4 (V 1-3 +Et 1). The number of trichobothria on the pedipalp patella ventral surface usually is 7, more rarely 8 (7 in 75.93 % and 8 in 16.67 % of pedipalps examined). The number of trichobothria on pedipalp patella external surface is: eb = 4, eba = 4, esb = 2, em = 4, est = 4, et = 5 to 6 (series et = 5 in 48.15 % and 6 in 50.00 % of pedipalps examined). The pectinal teeth number in males is 7 to 8 (7 in 46.88 % and 8 in 50.00 % of pectines examined); in females usually 6 (in 86.36 %), more rarely 7 (in 13.64 % of pectines examined). Lchel/Wchel ratio is 2.523 in males and 2.672 in females. Dorsal patellar spur welldeveloped. Femur usually is slightly longer than patella or as long as it, but could be also slightly shorter than patella; Lfem/Lpat ratio is 1.013. Carapace could be both slightly longer than wide (mostly in males), and slightly wider than long (mostly in females); average ratio Lcar/Wcar 1.022 in males and 0.997 in females; average distance from center of median eyes to anterior margin of the carapace is 40.92 % of the carapace length. Average ratio of Lmet/Lcar is 2.854 in males and 2.549 in females.</p> <p>Trichobothrial and pectinal teeth count variation. The variation observed in 27 studied specimens (16 ♂, 11 ♀) is given below.</p> <p>Pectinal teeth in males: 7/7 (6), 7/8 (2), 8/7 (1), 8-8 (6), 8-9 (1); in total, 7 (15, or 46.88 %) and 8 (16, or 50.00); mean = 7.56, SD = 0.56 (n=32).</p> <p>Pectinal teeth in females: 6/6 (8), 6/7 (3); in total, 6 (19, or 86.36 %) and 7 (3, or 13.64 %); mean = 6.14, SD = 0.35 (n=22).</p> <p>Pedipalp patella trichobothria Pv: 6/7 (2), 7/6 (2), 7/7 (17), 7/8 (3), 8/8 (3); in total, 7 (41, or 75.93 %), and 8 (9, or 16.67 %); mean = 7.09, SD = 0.47 (n=54).</p> <p>Pedipalp patella trichobothria Pe: et = 5/3 (1), 5/5 (10), 5/6 (2), 6/5 (4), 6/6 (10); in total, 5 (26, or 48.15 %) and 6 (27, or 50.00 %); mean = 5.44, SD = 0.60 (n=54); in all specimens, est = 4/4; em = 4/4; esb = 2/2; eba = 4/4; eb = 4/4.</p> <p>Hemispermatophore. Both right and left hemispermatophores of three specimens were studied. They have a well-developed lamina tapered distally; welldeveloped basal constriction present; truncal flexure present; median projection with primary and secondary acuminate processes; internal projection distally show 9–11 tines in its crown. The number of tines of the crown could differ between specimens and between the right and the left hemispermatophores and are often forked. The shape of the secondary acuminate processes could differ between specimens and between the right and the left hemispermatophores.</p> <p>Description of the male holotype</p> <p>Coloration: Whole color medium brown with carapace darker and legs, telson and chelicerae lighter; weak marbling on carapace, tergites and metasoma; sternites and pectines and genital operculum very light brownish/ivory; chelicerae very light, yellowish/light brownish with darker fingers and finger teeth much darker, palms without marbling; telson yellowish, with a longitudinal darker line and dark reddish aculeus tip; all carinae darker, dark brown to blackish colored.</p> <p>Carapace: A very fine granulation on whole surface is present, except in the anterior area between the anterior edge, the lateral eyes and median eyes, which is almost smooth, very finely punctated and glossy, and the lateral area behind the lateral eyes, which has greater and marked granules; anterior edge granulate and more or less straight; very deep posterior lateral furrows; two pairs of lateral eyes (with a larger anterior eye), and a pair of median eyes, situated distally of the middle; distance from center of median eyes to anterior margin is 41.01 % of carapace length.</p> <p>Mesosoma: Tergites very finely granulated; sternites glossy and finely punctated. Small spiracles inclined about 45° downward towards outside.</p> <p>Metasoma: Dorsal carinae on segments I–IV with spaced granules; dorsolateral carinae on segments I barely traceable with very few, small, spaced granules, in the proximal area, on segments II–V absent or obsolete; ventrolateral carinae absent on segment I, obsolete or smooth on segments II–IV, granulated to serrulated on segment V; ventromedian carina absent on segments I–IV, the V segment from weakly granulated in the proximal area to irregularly granulated/serrulated, with the distal area indistinguishable from the granulation of the surface; dorsal intercarinal spaces with a very fine granulation, most evident on the segments IV and V, smooth or almost smooth on the lateral and ventral surface, except the V segment surface, which is very granulated on the distal 1/3 of the length, and well granulated only laterally on 2/3 of the length.</p> <p>Telson: Vesicle with a few scattered, very small granules to rough, with ventral setae of different size, especially near the vesicle/aculeus juncture.</p> <p>Pectines: Teeth number 8/8; middle lamellae number 5/5; several microsetae on proximal area of teeth, marginal lamellae, middle lamellae and fulcra.</p> <p>Genital operculum: The genital operculum is formed by two longitudinally separated subtriangular sclerites; genital papillae protruding; a few microsetae are present.</p> <p>Sternum: Pentagonal shape, type 2; slightly wider than long, with a deep posterior emargination.</p> <p>Pedipalps: Coxa and trochanter with tuberculated carinae. Femur: dorsal and ventral internal carinae tuberculated; dorsal external carinae formed by slightly spaced tubercles; external median carinae serrulated; ventral external carinae formed by spaced tubercles, well-formed only in the proximal 1/3; anterior median formed by spaced conical tubercles, varying in size, of which three are greater and well-marked with a macroseta each; dorsal and ventral intercarinal spaces with granules of variable size, greater near the carinae. Patella: dorsal and ventral internal carinae tuberculated to granulated; dorsal external carinae rough; ventral external carinae from rough to granulated; dorsal intercarinal surface with granules of variable size, greater near the internal carinae and in distal area; ventral intercarinal surface from smooth to few scattered minute granules, especially near ventral internal carinae. Dorsal patellar spur well developed. Chelal carina D1 is distinct, strong, dark, smooth to rough; D4 is rounded and rough; V1 is distinct, strong, dark and rough with a few tubercle serrulates proximally; V3 rounded, dark and lightly and finely granulated; external carina granulated; intercarinal tegument rough with granules of variable size. Typical Euscorpius chela finger dentition.</p> <p>Trichobothria: Chela: trichobothria on the pedipalp manus ventral surface 4/4 (V 1-3 +Et 1). Patella ventral (Pv): 7/7. Patella external (Pe): et = 5/5, est = 4/4, em = 4/4, esb = 2/2, eba = 4/4, eb = 4 / 4. Femur: trichobothrium d is slightly proximal to i, while trichobothrium e is distal to both d and i, and situated on dorsal external carina.</p> <p>Legs: With two pedal spurs; no tarsal spur; ventral row of tarsus III with a total of 10/11 spinules, of increasing size from proximal to distal, ending with a decentralized spinule; 3 flanking pairs of tarsal setae adjacent to the ventral spinule row. Basitarsus with 2 to 9 prolateral spinules, with increasing number from legs IV to I. Granulation well present on dorsal and ventral surface of leg femora, it is mostly marked and dark ventrally.</p> <p>Chelicerae: Movable finger: the dorsal distal denticle is much smaller than the ventral distal denticle; ventral edge is smooth with brush-like setae on the inner part; dorsal edge has five denticles: one large distal, two small subdistal, one large median, and a small basal. Fixed finger has four denticles: one distal, one subdistal, one median and one basal, the last two in a fork arrangement; the internal surface has brush-like setae.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8A256FF838A68FCBBFB7DFAB0FC4F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Tropea, Gioele;Fet, Victor;Parmakelis, Aristeidis;Kotsakiozi, Panayiota;Stathi, Iasmi	Tropea, Gioele, Fet, Victor, Parmakelis, Aristeidis, Kotsakiozi, Panayiota, Stathi, Iasmi (2014): Three new species of Euscorpius (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae) from Greece. Euscorpius 190 (190): 1-22
03A8A256FF898A6DFC7EFA23FCE5F8D5.text	03A8A256FF898A6DFC7EFA23FCE5F8D5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euscorpius Thorell 1876	<div><p>Subgenus Euscorpius Thorell, 1876</p> <p>Euscorpius kinzelbachi Tropea, Fet, Parmakelis, Kotsakiozi et Stathi, sp. nov. (Figs. 20–38; Table 1) http://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 8788DF4 9-45E2-46E4-A5BB-3D5EF95A0F7A</p> <p>REFERENCES:</p> <p>Euscorpius carpathicus s.str. (in part; Mt. Olympus): Kinzelbach, 1975: 30, 36</p> <p>Euscorpius carpathicus (in part; Mt. Olympus): Kinzelbach, 1982: 60–61; Stathi &amp; Mylonas, 2001: 289.</p> <p>Euscorpius carpathicus “Subgroup A 1” (in part; Mt. Olympus): Fet, 2000: 52.</p> <p>Euscorpius ossae (Clade E9, in part; Mt. Olympus): Parmakelis et al., 2013: 740.</p> <p>Type material (33 specimens: 7 ♂, 26 ♀): Holotype: ♂, GREECE. Thessaly: Mt. Olympus, around <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=22.3218&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.1033" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 22.3218/lat 40.1033)">Naoum Cave</a>, pine forest, 1375 m, 40.10329819°N, 22.32180023°E, 3 June 2007, leg. M. Mylonas (NHMC 10053; 81.1.1.61, Eus 2). Paratypes: GREECE. Thessaly: same label as holotype, 2 ♂ (1 adult and 1 imm.), 9 ♀ (8 adults and 1 imm.) (NHMC 10053, 81.1.1.61, Eus 2), 1 ♂, 2 ♀ (GTC); Kokkinopilos, 4.2 km to Tsoureka spring, 1200 m, 4 June 2007, leg. M. Mylonas, 1 ♂, 5 ♀ (NHMC 10056, Eus 1), 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (GTC); Mt. Olympus, 2100 m, near refuge of Alpine Club [“Spilios Agapitos”], leg. Mission A. Bertrand, 14 June 1955, 1 ♀ (MNHNP RS 2970); Mt. Olympus, 1800 m, July 1972, leg. A. Villiers, 1 ♂ (MNHNP RS 7686); Mt. Olympus, near Prionia, 1500 m, 1 ♀ (FKPC). Central Macedonia: Mt. Olympus, foothills, Litochoro, July 1997, leg. M. Švarc, 1 ♂ (FKPC).</p> <p>Other material examined (not included in type series) (29 specimens: 12 ♂, 12 ♀, 7 juv): GREECE. Thessaly: Mt. Olympus, 2100 m, 3 July 1936, leg. Kr. Tuleshkov,</p> <p>1 ♂ (NMHNS); Mt. Olympus, 2000 m, 6 July 1936, leg. D. Papazov, 7 juv. (NMNHS); 1 ♂, Mt. Olympus, 1700 m, 17 September 1974, leg. P. Beron &amp; V. Beshkov (NMHNS 55); Mt. Olympus, east portion, 14 June 1973, leg. H. Schmalfuss, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (ZMM 0199 a); Mt. Olympus, Agios Dionysios Monastery, 820 m, 28 August and 10 September 1973, leg. H. Pieper, 1 ♀ (ZMM 0209); Mt. Olympus, Karia, 800 m, 26 May 1974, leg. H. Malicky, 1 ♂ imm., 1 ♀ (ZMM 0261); SMt. Olympus, 1200 m, Oxias Forest, 4 June 2007, leg. M. Mylonas, 2 ♂, 6 ♀, 2 juv. (NHMC 10056, 81.1.1.52-54); Mt. Olympus, 1305 m, E from Kokkinopilos, 10 June 2003 – 23 June 2004, leg. P.M. Giachino &amp; D. Vailati, 1 ♂ imm. (MSNG, PMGC Sc 71); Mt. Olympos, Kokkinopilos, 1070 m, groove in beech forest, 10 June 2003 – 23 June 2004, leg. P.M. Giachino &amp; D. Vailati, 1 ♂ imm. (MSNG, PMGC Sc 72); Mt. Olympus, near Prionia, 1500 m, 1♂, 4♀ (FKPC). Central Macedonia: Mt. Olympus, foothills, Litochoro, July 1997, leg. M. Švarc, 1 ♂ (FKPC); Mt. Olympus, foothills, 3 km N Litochoro, 15 May 2001, leg. V. Fet, 2 ♀ (VFPC).</p> <p>DNA sequences (Parmakelis et al., 2013: 740): GREECE. Thessaly: Mt. Olympus, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=22.3218&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.1033" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 22.3218/lat 40.1033)">Naoum Cave</a>, 1375 m, 40.10329819°N, 22.32180023°E, 3 June 2007, leg. M. Mylonas (NHMC 10053, Eus2), EC212, geneseq-1: 16S, COI, COII, ITS1 (GenBank accession numbers KC215615, KC215699, KC215784, KC215870); Mt. Olympus, Kokkinopilos, 4.2 km to Tsoureka spring, 1200 m, 4 June 2007, leg. M. Mylonas (NHMC 10056, Eus1), EC205, geneseq-2: 16S, COI, COII, ITS1 (Gen- Bank accession numbers KC215610, KC215694, KC215 779, KC215865).</p> <p>Etymology. Named after our colleague, Prof. Ragnar Kinzelbach (Rostock, Germany), whose research greatly contributed to the current knowledge of Aegean and Anatolian scorpions.</p> <p>Geographic range. Known only from Mt. Olympus massif, Thessaly and Macedonia, Greece (Fig. 54).</p> <p>Diagnosis: A medium to medium-large Euscorpius species, usually 33–35 mm long (range 30–39 mm, mean 34.7 mm). Color of adults medium-light to medium-dark brown, with carapace darker. Weak to marked reticulation or marbling on chelicerae, carapace, mesosoma and metasoma is present. The number of trichobothria on the pedipalp manus ventral surface is 4 (V 1-3 +Et 1). The number of trichobothria on the pedipalp patella ventral surface usually is 8 (in 73.17 %), more rarely 7 (in 21.95 % of pedipalps examined). The number of trichobothria on pedipalp patella external surface usually is: eb = 4, eba = 4, esb = 2, em = 4, est = 4, et = 6. The pectinal teeth number in males is 8 to 10, and in females usually 7 to 8 (7 in 42.31 % and 8 in 51.92 % of the pectines examined). Lchel/Wchel ratio is 2.637 in males and 2.706 in females. Dorsal patellar spur well-developed. Femur could be slightly longer to slightly shorter than patella; Lfem/Lpat ratio is 0.996. Carapace could be either slightly longer than wide (mostly in males) or slightly wider than long (mostly in females); average ratio Lcar/Wcar 1.039 in males and 1.003 in females; average distance from center of median eyes to anterior margin of the carapace is 41.05 % of the carapace length. Average ratio of Lmet/Lcar is 2.696 in males and 2.479 in females.</p> <p>Trichobothrial and pectinal teeth count variation. The variation observed in 42 studied specimens (16 ♂, 26 ♀) is given below.</p> <p>Pectinal teeth in males: 8/8 (1), 8/9 (2), 9/8 (2), 9/9 (5), 10/9 (2), 10/10 (4); in total, 8 in 6 (18.75 %), 9 in 16 (50.00 %), and 10 in 10 (31.25 %); mean = 9.13, SD = 0.71 (n=32).</p> <p>Pectinal teeth in females: 6/7 (1), 7/7 (7), 7/8 (4), 8/7 (3), 8/8 (10), 9/9 (1); in total, 6 in 1 (1.92 %), 7 in 22 (42.31 %), 8 in 27 (51.92 %), and 9 in 2 (3.85 %); mean = 7.58, SD = 0.61 (n=52).</p> <p>Pedipalp patella trichobothria Pv:?/7 (1), 7/7 (4), 7/8 (9), 8/6 (1), 8/8 (23), 8/9 (2), 9/8 (1), 9/9 (1); in total, 6 in 1 (1.22 %), 7 in 18 (21.95 %), 8 in 60 (73.17 %), and 9 in 4 (4.88 %); mean = 7.81, SD = 0.53 (n=83).</p> <p>Pedipalp patella trichobothria Pe: et = 5/5 (2), 5/6 (2), 6/4 (1),?/6 (1), 6/6 (34), 6/7 (2), in total, 4 in 1 (1.20 %), 5 in 6 (7.23 %), 6 in 74 (89.16 %), and 7 in 2 (2.41 %); mean = 5.93, SD = 0.36 (n=83); est =?/4 (1), 4/3 (1), 4/4 (40), 5/4 (1); em =?/4 (1), 2/4 (1), 4/4 (40); esb =?/2 (1), 2/1 (1), 2/2 (39), 2/3 (1), 3/3 (1); eba =?/4 (1), 4/4 (41); eb =?/4 (1), 4/4 (41).</p> <p>Hemispermatophore. Both right and left hemispermatophores of two specimens were studied. They have a well-developed lamina tapered distally; well-developed basal constriction present; truncal flexure present; median projection with primary and secondary acuminate processes; internal projection distally show 9–12 tines in its crown. The number of tines of the crown could differ between specimens and between the right and the left hemispermatophores. The shape of the secondary acuminate processes varies between specimens and between the right and the left hemispermatophores.</p> <p>Description of the male holotype</p> <p>Coloration: Whole color medium brown with carapace darker, brown/reddish, and legs, telson and chelicerae lighter; more or less expressed marbling on carapace, tergites, metasoma and chelicerae; sternites and pectines and genital operculum very light brownish/ivory; chelicerae very light, yellowish/light brownish with darker finger teeth, palms with slight marbling; telson yellowish, with a longitudinal darker line and dark reddish aculeus tip; all pedipalp carinae darker, dark brown to blackish colored.</p> <p>Carapace: Marked granulation of variable size on whole surface is present, except in the anterior area between the anterior edge, the lateral eyes and median eyes, which is almost smooth. The lateral area behind the lateral eyes has greater and marked granules; anterior edge granulate and concave; median anterior, median posterior, and posterior lateral furrows well evident; two pairs of lateral eyes (with a larger anterior eye), and a pair of median eyes, situated distally of the middle; distance from center of median eyes to anterior margin is 41.66% of carapace length.</p> <p>Mesosoma: Tergites finely granulated; sternites glossy and finely punctuated. Small spiracles inclined about 45° downward towards outside.</p> <p>Metasoma: Dorsal carinae on segments I–IV with little spaced granules, with the last two distal granules well-marked on segments II–IV; dorsolateral carinae on segments I barely traceable with very few, small, spaced granules, in the proximal area, on segments II–V absent or obsolete; ventrolateral carinae absent on segment I, obsolete or smooth on segments II–IV, granulated to serrulated on segment V; ventromedian carina absent on segments I–IV, granulated on segment V; dorsal intercarinal spaces with a very fine granulation, from smooth to very fine and scattered granules on the lateral and ventral surface.</p> <p>Telson: Vesicle with a few scattered, very small granules, with ventral setae of different size, especially near the vesicle/aculeus juncture.</p> <p>Pectines: Teeth number 9/9; middle lamellae number 5/5; several microsetae on proximal area of teeth, marginal lamellae, middle lamellae and fulcra.</p> <p>Genital operculum: The genital operculum is formed by two longitudinally separate subtriangular sclerites; genital papillae protruding; a few microsetae are present.</p> <p>Sternum: Pentagonal shape, type 2; slightly wider than long, with a deep posterior emargination.</p> <p>Pedipalps: Coxa and trochanter with tuberculated carinae. Femur: dorsal and ventral internal carinae tuberculated; dorsal external carinae formed by tubercles slightly spaced and serrulated; external median carinae serrulated; ventral external carinae formed by spaced tubercles, well-formed only in the proximal 1/3, then it merges with the surrounding granulation; anterior median formed by spaced 8–10 conical tubercles, varying in size, of which three are greater and wellmarked with a macroseta each; dorsal and ventral intercarinal spaces with granules of variable size, greater near the carinae. Patella: dorsal and ventral internal carinae tuberculated to granulated; dorsal external carinae from rough to slightly crenulated; ventral external carinae from granulated, slightly serrulated; dorsal intercarinal surface from almost smooth to granulated with granules of variable size, greater near the internal carinae and in distal area; ventral intercarinal surface most smooth with a few scattered small granules, especially near ventral internal carinae. Dorsal patellar spur well developed. Chelal carina D1 and V1 are distinct, strong, dark and mostly smooth with a few granules proximally; D4 and V3 rounded, dark, lightly and finely granulated; external carina granulated; intercarinal tegument rough with granules of variable size. Typical Euscorpius chela finger dentition.</p> <p>Trichobothria: Chela: trichobothria on the pedipalp manus ventral surface 4/4 (V 1-3 +Et 1). Patella ventral (Pv): 7/8. Patella external (Pe): et = 6/6, est = 4/4, em = 4/4, esb = 2/2, eba = 4/4, eb = 4 / 4. Femur: trichobothrium d is slightly proximal to i, while trichobothrium e is distal to both d and i, and situated on dorsal external carina.</p> <p>Legs: With two pedal spurs; no tarsal spur; ventral row of tarsus III with a total of 12/14 spinules, all on a single line; 3 flanking pairs of tarsal setae adjacent to the ventral spinules row. Basitarsus with from 2 to 10 prolateral spinules, of increasing number from legs IV to I. Granulation present on dorsal and ventral surface of leg femora, it is mostly marked and dark ventrally (except the right femur of leg II, which is slightly deformed).</p> <p>Chelicerae: Movable finger: the dorsal distal denticle is very smaller than the ventral distal denticle; ventral edge is smooth with brush-like setae on the inner part; dorsal edge has five denticles: one large distal, two small subdistal, one large median and a small basal. Fixed finger: it has four denticles: one distal, one subdistal, one median and one basal, the last two in a fork arrangement; the internal surface has brush-like setae.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8A256FF898A6DFC7EFA23FCE5F8D5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Tropea, Gioele;Fet, Victor;Parmakelis, Aristeidis;Kotsakiozi, Panayiota;Stathi, Iasmi	Tropea, Gioele, Fet, Victor, Parmakelis, Aristeidis, Kotsakiozi, Panayiota, Stathi, Iasmi (2014): Three new species of Euscorpius (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae) from Greece. Euscorpius 190 (190): 1-22
