taxonID	type	description	language	source
03ABCE693556A37D6DC4F92D1D97FD16.taxon	description	Trimma RW sp. 97 — Winterbottom et al., 2014: 83	en	Winterbottom, Richard (2017): Two new species of Trimma (Pisces; Gobiidae) from Fiji, south-western Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa 4269 (4): 559-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4269.4.9
03ABCE693556A37D6DC4F92D1D97FD16.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype. ROM 101384 (ex-BPBM 40009), 16.4 mm SL male, Fiji, Viti Levu, Suva, outer reef, S of " Fish Patch " southern wall, vertical reef drop-off, 18.16 ° S, 178.40 ° E, 52.5 m, rotenone, 3 Feb., 2002, J. L. Earle & J. Dituri, Field # RLP-FIJI 02 – 015. Paratypes. BPBM 39900, 15.5 mm SL, Fiji, Viti Levu, outside of Suva Harbour; beyond " Fish Patch ", directly off bow of old shipwreck on top of reef, vertical reef drop-off with small ledges and holes, 18.1642 ° S, 178.40 ° E, 83 – 91 m, rotenone, 31 Jan., 2002, J. L. Earle & J. Dituri, Field # RLP-FIJI 02 – 009. BPBM 41320 (ex-BPBM 39712), 12.5 mm SL, Fiji, Viti Levu, Suva, outer reef, " Fish Patch ", 18.15983 ° S, 178.3993 ° E, 57 – 67 m, rotenone, 28 Jan., 2002, R. L. Pyle & J. L. Earle, Field # RLP-FIJI 02 – 001. ROM 101385 (ex-BPBM 40009), 15.8 mm SL female, collected with the holotype.	en	Winterbottom, Richard (2017): Two new species of Trimma (Pisces; Gobiidae) from Fiji, south-western Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa 4269 (4): 559-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4269.4.9
03ABCE693556A37D6DC4F92D1D97FD16.taxon	description	Tissues (non-types): KU: KUI T 4454 (ex-ROM T 02300; ex-BPBM 39849) and ROM T 02301 (ex-KU: KUI T 4458, ex-BPBM 39849), 17.6 and 16.4 mm SL respectively, Fiji, Viti Levu, Suva, outside of Suva Harbour, beyond " Fish patch ", directly off bow of old shipwreck on top of reef, vertical reef drop-off with a large diagonal crack and over-hang, with some sea fans, 18.16422 ° S, 178.4003 ° E, 67 – 70 m, rotenone, 31 Jan., 2002, J. L. Earle & D. F. Pence, Field # RLP-Fiji 02 – 007.	en	Winterbottom, Richard (2017): Two new species of Trimma (Pisces; Gobiidae) from Fiji, south-western Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa 4269 (4): 559-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4269.4.9
03ABCE693556A37D6DC4F92D1D97FD16.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A species of Trimma with scales absent from the cheeks, opercle and predorsal midline, 18 – 19 unbranched pectoral fin rays, an unbranched 5 th pelvic fin ray that is 40 – 56 % the length of the 4 th ray, 17 – 18 total gill rakers, a U-shaped interorbital and a narrow slit-like postorbital trench, a low, median fleshy ridge extending half-way towards the orbit from the origin of the first dorsal fin, and, when freshly collected, a pink head and body with most body scales having an orange-brown spot or short bar at their centres.	en	Winterbottom, Richard (2017): Two new species of Trimma (Pisces; Gobiidae) from Fiji, south-western Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa 4269 (4): 559-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4269.4.9
03ABCE693556A37D6DC4F92D1D97FD16.taxon	description	Description. The description is based on 4 specimens, 12.5 – 16.4 mm SL (mean = 15.1) from 3 lots collected off Suva Harbour, Viti Levu, Fiji in 2002. An additional two specimens of this species were collected for analysis of the COI gene (see Discussion). Dorsal fin VI + I 8 – 9 (mean = 8.8, n = 4), second spine slightly elongated, reaching to base of spine of second dorsal fin, first ray of second dorsal fin branched (n = 2) or unbranched (n = 2), remaining fin rays branched except for posterior element of last ray, which reaches posteriorly 68 – 79 % (mean = 73.7 %, n = 2) distance between its base and first exposed dorsal procurrent caudal fin ray; anal fin I 8 – 9 (mean = 8.8, n = 4), first ray branched (n = 2) or unbranched (n = 2), last ray reaches posteriorly 65 – 66 % (n = 2) distance between its base and first exposed ventral procurrent caudal fin ray; pectoral fin 18 – 19 (mean = 18.8, n = 4), rays unbranched, fin reaching posteriorly to region above urogenital papilla to anal spine; pelvic fin I 5, fifth ray unbranched and 40 – 56 % (mean = 49.5, n = 3) length of fourth ray, which reaches posteriorly to between bases of second to fourth anal rays, pelvic rays 1 – 4 with a single sequential branch point; basal membrane apparently absent; no fraenum. Lateral scales 23 (n = 3); anterior transverse scales 9 – 10 (n = 2); posterior transverse scales 8 – 9 (n = 2); cheek, opercle and midline of predorsal without scales; anteriormost scale on side of nape reaching anteriorly to one scale width posterior to upper margin of eye; 3 vertical rows of cycloid scales on pectoral fin base with 1 – 2 in anteriormost row, 4 in second row and 5 in outer row (n = 2); 6 cycloid scales in midline anterior to pelvic fin base (n = 2); area between pelvic spine and ventral margin of pectoral fin base, midline of belly and sometimes anteriormost row of body scales beneath axil of pectoral fin base with cycloid scales. Circumpeduncular scales 12, scales rows in midline between base of last anal ray and first ventral procurrent caudal fin ray 7 (n = 2). Upper jaw teeth: outer row of enlarged, curved, spaced canines, decreasing in size posteriorly to distal end of premaxilla, several irregular inner rows of small, short conical teeth near symphysis, number of rows decreasing to a single row at bend of jaw. Lower jaw teeth: outer row of enlarged, curved, spaced canines reaching to bend of dentary, several irregular rows of small conical teeth at symphysis, decreasing to single row of somewhat enlarged (½ height of outer teeth), slightly curved teeth reaching to coronoid process. Tongue truncate with rounded edges. Gill opening extending anteroventrally to below mid-pupil; gill rakers 3 – 4 + 13 – 14 = 17 – 18 (mean = 3.5 + 13.8 = 17.3, n = 4). Anterior nares in short tube reaching anteriorly to above anterior margin of upper lip, posterior opening pore-like with raised rim, separated from bony front of orbit by 4 times its diameter, nasal sac raised and on anterior one-third of snout. Bony interorbital width 36.0 – 39.5 % (n = 2) pupil diameter; moderate U-shaped interorbital trench and narrow, groove-like postorbital slit; epaxialis extending anteriorly to point above middle of pupil (Fig. 1 B); narrow ridge of skin from origin of first dorsal fin extending along anterior midline of nape halfway to orbit. Caudal peduncle depth as percentage caudal peduncle length 52.3 – 57.4; head length as percentage SL 32.1 – 32.9; as percentage head length: horizontal eye diameter 37.4 – 39.4; snout length 19.5 – 22.3; cheek depth 20.2 – 25.1. Cephalic sensory papillae as in Fig. 1, number of papillae in each row given in Table 1. Abdominal / caudal vertebral transition presumed to be Type B (inferred from the narrow bony interorbital width of less than 80 % pupil-diameter). Colour pattern. Freshly collected, based on photograph of two specimens saved as tissues (Fig. 2). Head and anterior body pink, fading gradually posteriorly until almost translucent at end of caudal peduncle. Centres of most body scales with orange-brown spot or short bar, spots / bars may join each other, becoming a diffuse, slightly lighter wash dorsally and ventrally on peduncle. Second dorsal fin (and possibly anal fin) with a basal orangebrown stripe, posterior half of fin with similarly-coloured mottling. Caudal fin with ill-defined scattered lighter spots and blotches, about one-third pupil-diameter in size. Iris with narrow white ring around pupil, yellowishblack below pupil, and broad, very diffuse dark, pupil-width oblique stripe from anterodorsal to posteroventral across pupil. Preserved. Holotype straw-yellow and faded, with fairly even scattering of very small melanophores on head and anterior nape (fewer on cheeks), none on ventral surface of head and abdomen. Melanophores also tend be concentrated along anterior margins of scale pockets on body so that they show through at middle of scale in front (note: most body scales have been abraded off specimens), melanophores decreasing in number posteriorly. A few slightly larger melanophores along base of second dorsal fin which may indicate a basal stripe in life. Paratypes similar, but with few small melanophores on lips and ventral surface of head.	en	Winterbottom, Richard (2017): Two new species of Trimma (Pisces; Gobiidae) from Fiji, south-western Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa 4269 (4): 559-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4269.4.9
03ABCE693556A37D6DC4F92D1D97FD16.taxon	etymology	Etymology. From the Greek word ‘ bathos’ (βάΘος), meaning deep or deep water, in reference to the depth at which these specimens were collected (50 – 90 m). The name is treated as an adjective in the nominative singular.	en	Winterbottom, Richard (2017): Two new species of Trimma (Pisces; Gobiidae) from Fiji, south-western Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa 4269 (4): 559-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4269.4.9
03ABCE693556A37D6DC4F92D1D97FD16.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Currently recorded only from the Fiji Islands in the vicinity of Suva, Viti Levu. Comparisons. The colour pattern combination of a pink head and body with orange-brown spots / short bars in the centres of the scale rows on the body is unique to T. bathum. Four other valid species of Trimma lack predorsal, cheek and opercular scales, and have unbranched pectoral and 5 th pelvic fin rays [T. anaima Winterbottom, 2000; T. grammistes (Tomiyama, 1936); T. sanguinellus Winterbottom & Southcott, 2007; and T. sostra Winterbottom, 2004]. This species differs further from T. anaima in usually having 9 dorsal and anal fin rays (vs. 8), 18 – 19 pectoral rays (vs. 15 – 17), 13 – 14 lower gill rakers (vs. 11 – 12), a narrower bony interorbital (about 40 % pupil-width vs. 60 %), a U-shaped trench between the eyes with a narrow slit-like post-orbital trench (vs. both absent), and a dermal fold in the dorsal midline anterior to the first dorsal spine (vs. absent). Trimma grammistes differs most prominently in colour pattern, with a brownish body (darker above) and a pupil diameter black stripe from the upper jaw through the eye and just above the pectoral fin base which curves gently down to end at the middle of the caudal peduncle and fades into the base of the caudal fin (vs. no such stripe); it also has higher mean values for number of dorsal and anal fin rays (9.8 and 9.5 vs. 8.8 and 8.8 respectively), a longer fifth pelvic fin ray (mean = 80 % length of fourth ray vs. 49.5 %), and fewer total gill rakers (13 – 16 vs. 17 – 18). Trimma sanguinellus is a plain orange-red species with a somewhat elongate second spine in the first dorsal fin (to bases of 2 nd to 4 th rays of second dorsal fin vs. base of spine), and 15 – 17 total gill rakers (vs. 17 – 18). Trimma sostra has a white body with six large, red midlateral blotches on the body with another over the opercular region (vs. blotches absent), a very elongate second spine of the first dorsal fin (vs. spine not elongate), usually (in 30 of 32 specimens) at least some pectoral fin rays branched (vs. all unbranched) and no fleshy ridge in midline anterior to first dorsal fin (vs. ridge present). The phenetic relationships from an analysis of the COI gene (see below) suggest that T. stobbsi Winterbottom, 2001 and T. kardium Winterbottom et al., 2015 are most similar to the new species. The colour pattern of T. stobbsi is overall brownish background (vs. pink) with a prominent, half-pupil diameter black spot over the posterodorsal region of the opercle (vs. black spot absent), and branched rays are present (vs. absent) in the pectoral fin. Trimma kardium is overall yellow with a pinkish head, and a prominent, heart-shaped red blotch over the hyoid arch (vs. not as above). In addition, the fifth pelvic fin ray of T. kardium may be branched (vs. unbranched), and it usually has at least some scales in the predorsal midline (vs. scales absent), and a row of scales on the opercle (vs. opercular scales absent).	en	Winterbottom, Richard (2017): Two new species of Trimma (Pisces; Gobiidae) from Fiji, south-western Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa 4269 (4): 559-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4269.4.9
03ABCE693556A37D6DC4F92D1D97FD16.taxon	discussion	Discussion. A Neighbour-Joining analysis of available COI data for Trimma places the specimens of T. bathum sequenced (listed as T. RW sp 97) as being phenetically closest to T. kardium (listed as T. RW sp 98), these two species together being phenetically closest to T. stobbsi (Box J of Fig. 1 in Winterbottom et al., 2014: 85). The new species differs from T. kardium by almost 10 % of the COI base pairs, and these two species together differ from the T. stobbsi complex by slightly more than 11 %.	en	Winterbottom, Richard (2017): Two new species of Trimma (Pisces; Gobiidae) from Fiji, south-western Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa 4269 (4): 559-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4269.4.9
03ABCE693552A3716DC4FC851E59F80D.taxon	description	No published names pertain to this species.	en	Winterbottom, Richard (2017): Two new species of Trimma (Pisces; Gobiidae) from Fiji, south-western Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa 4269 (4): 559-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4269.4.9
03ABCE693552A3716DC4FC851E59F80D.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype. ROM 101380, 21.0 mm SL female, Fiji, between Viti Levu and Vanua Levu, back of cave at base of small vertical wall, rubble floor, 17 ° 13 ' 41.0 " S, 178 ° 31 ' 58.7 " E, 10.7 m, clove oil, 9 Feb., 2015, J. V. Eyre. Paratypes. BPBM 38965, 2 (23.4 – 25.3), Fiji, Charybdis Reef, south side (17 ° 13.72 ' S, 178 ° 2.533 ' E), 20 m, rotenone, 12 Mar., 2002, D. W. Greenfield, J. E. Randall, R. Langston & K. Longenecker. ROM 100152, 6 (10.0 – 21.5), collected with the holotype.	en	Winterbottom, Richard (2017): Two new species of Trimma (Pisces; Gobiidae) from Fiji, south-western Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa 4269 (4): 559-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4269.4.9
03ABCE693552A3716DC4FC851E59F80D.taxon	description	Tissues (paratypes): T 14992 (20.5); T 14993 (19.2) and T 14994 (10.5); collected with the holotype.	en	Winterbottom, Richard (2017): Two new species of Trimma (Pisces; Gobiidae) from Fiji, south-western Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa 4269 (4): 559-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4269.4.9
03ABCE693552A3716DC4FC851E59F80D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A species of Trimma with bony interorbital 100 % pupil diameter, fully scaled midline of nape of 12 – 14 scales, second dorsal spine that may reach posteriorly to middle of second dorsal fin, papillae in longitudinal row immediately below eye either single or with two papillae in vertical row (but not in vertical rows of 3 – 5 papillae at each position), unbranched pectoral-fin rays, usually a branched fifth pelvic-fin ray that is about half length of the fourth ray, and a large diffuse dark blotch on the posterior caudal peduncle. A colour pattern of a brownish body with most body scales having golden- to greenish-yellow (pale in preservative) centres is unique among species of Trimma.	en	Winterbottom, Richard (2017): Two new species of Trimma (Pisces; Gobiidae) from Fiji, south-western Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa 4269 (4): 559-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4269.4.9
03ABCE693552A3716DC4FC851E59F80D.taxon	description	Description. The description is based on up to 12 specimens, 10.0 – 25.3 mm SL (mean = 16.8) from 2 lots collected off the north and east coasts of Viti Levu, Fiji. Three of these specimens were collected for analysis of the COI gene (see Discussion). Dorsal fin VI + I 8, second spine slightly to moderately elongated, reaching to between base of spine and of 6 th ray of second dorsal fin, all fin rays branched except for posterior element of last ray, which reaches posteriorly 39 – 43 – 55 % (mean = 44.7 %, n = 4) distance between its base and first exposed dorsal procurrent caudal fin ray; anal fin I 8, all fin rays branched except for posterior element of last ray, which reaches posteriorly 30 – 37 – 49 % (mean = 37.9 %, n = 4) distance between its base and first exposed ventral procurrent caudal fin ray; pectoral fin 14 (n = 11), all rays unbranched, fin reaching posteriorly to above area between urogenital papilla and spine of anal fin; pelvic fin I 5, fifth ray with single dichotomous branch (n = 9) except for left side of holotype and one other specimen, where unbranched, and 47 – 53 – 61 % (mean = 53.8, n = 10) length of fourth ray, which reaches posteriorly to between bases of anal fin rays 1 – 3 (mean = 2, n = 10), pelvic rays 1 – 4 with a single sequential branch point; basal membrane vestigial, no pelvic fraenum. Lateral scales 23 – 24 (mean = 23.1, n = 9); anterior transverse scales 8 – 9 (mean = 8.2, n = 9); posterior transverse scales 8 (n = 9); predorsal scales 12 – 14 (mean = 13.3, n = 6), first scale (or pair of scales) may be either small and cycloid or same size as others and ctenoid, scales around posterodorsal rim of orbit cycloid or ctenoid, scales reaching anteriorly to above middle of pupil; cheek with 3 rows of cycloid scales, uppermost row of 1 – 4 scales, middle row of 7 – 8 scales, lowest row of 2 – 4 scales; opercle with 3 – 4 horizontal rows of 10 – 11 mostly ctenoid scales in adults (> 20 mm SL), with 4 – 5 in upper row, 3 and 2 in next two rows respectively, and 1 – 2 in ventralmost row, which lies below sensory papilla row oi, 3 rows of cycloid scales present in juveniles (<11 mm SL); 3 vertical rows of cycloid scales on pectoral fin base with 3 in anteriormost row, 4 in middle row and 5 in outermost row; 6 – 7 (mean = 6.8, n = 4) cycloid scales in midline anterior to pelvic fin base; area between pelvic spine and ventral margin of pectoral fin base, midline of belly and sometimes anteriormost row of body scales beneath axil of pectoral fin base with cycloid scales, other body scales ctenoid. Circumpeduncular scales 12 (n = 5), scales rows in midline between base of last anal ray and first ventral procurrent caudal fin ray 9 – 12 (mean = 10.0, n = 5). Upper jaw teeth: outer row of enlarged, slightly curved, regularly spaced canines, decreasing to half the height of teeth at symphysis at end of premaxilla; 2 – 3 irregular rows of small conical teeth at symphysis grading to a single row at bend and continuing to end of premaxilla. Lower jaw teeth: outer row of enlarged, spaced, curved canines to bend of dentary; 1 – 2 irregular rows of small conical teeth behind this; innermost row at symphysis half the size of outer row and slightly curved, decreasing in size posteriorly and ending at coronoid process of dentary; single row of tiny conical teeth medial to this from bend of dentary to coronoid process. Tongue rounded with a slight central tip. Gill opening extending anteroventrally to below mid-pupil; gill rakers 4 + 14 – 16 = 19 – 20 (mean = 4.0 + 15.4 = 19.8, n = 5). Anterior nares in short tube reaching forwards to above anterior margin of upper lip, posterior opening pore-like with slightly raised rim, separated from bony front of orbit by about 4 times pore diameter, nasal sac raised and on anterior onethird of snout. Bony interorbital width equal to pupil diameter; shallowly concave with median fleshy ridge forming broadly rounded W in cross section, a slight groove around posterodorsal margin of eye; epaxialis extending anteriorly to point above anterior third of pupil. Caudal peduncle depth as percentage caudal peduncle length 32.2 – 36.6 – 40.1 (mean = 35.9, n = 6); head length as percentage SL 28.9 – 29.7 – 30.10 (mean = 29.5, n = 6); as percentage head length: horizontal eye diameter 33.8 – 36.9 (35.7, n = 6); snout length 21.5 – 23.3 – 25.4 (mean = 23.6, n = 6), cheek depth 13.1 – 14.1 – 18.5 (mean = 15.8, n = 6). Cephalic sensory papillae as in Fig. 3, number of papillae in each row given in Table 1. Abdominal / caudal vertebral transition unknown, but presumed to be Type A (inferred from the broad bony interorbital width of> 80 % pupil-diameter). Colour pattern. Live, based on two underwater photographs from Fiji (Fig. 4). Specimen in Figure 4 A with yellowish cheek, light orange snout, nape greenish-yellow with light orange brown mottling, body light orangebrown with rows of half-pupil diameter or larger bright golden- to greenish-yellow spots in centres of most scales, caudal peduncle becoming slightly darker brown in vicinity of ural centrum followed by an amorphous red blotch over bases of caudal fin rays, remainder of caudal rays hyaline, second dorsal fin with reddish tinge. Iris yellow with diagonal purple stripe through pupil and parallel purple stripes dorsally (faint) and ventrally (well developed) at margins of eye. Second specimen (Fig. 4 B) similar but overall darker, a broad basal yellow stripe in second dorsal and anal fin, stripes in eye dark blue (dorsalmost very faint). Freshly collected. Similar to above, but yellows and reds not as bright, posterior half of yellow spots with darker border (especially along central scale rows and posteriorly on body), diagonal stripes across eye almost black, basal stripe in second dorsal fin dull orange-red, caudal blotch dull dark red, darker area of peduncle barely apparent (Fig. 5). Preserved. Overall brownish with scale centres on nape and body lighter, scale pockets margined with combination of deeper, amorphous but rounded brown melanophores which may coalesce to form irregular blotches (Fig. 6, green circle), and, more superficially, smaller, darker, and more discretely rounded melanophores (Fig. 6, blue circle), with scattered larger dark melanophores on body (Fig. 6, red circle), especially on nape to first dorsal fin origin and on abdomen. Scattered melanophores on pectoral fin base, becoming more concentrated dorsally and forming indistinct dark spot on dorsal surface of base (Fig. 6, orange ellipse). Opercle and posterodorsal cheek invested with melanophores, remainder of head below eye with only a few pigment cells, tips of jaws with many small dark melanophores. Fins translucent except for vague stripe at base of posterior half of first dorsal fin and along base of second dorsal fin. Caudal peduncle posterior to first procurrent caudal fin rays and onto bases of caudal fin rays darker than area preceding it, forming a diffuse dark caudal blotch. Pigment in caudal fin membranes gradually decreasing distally.	en	Winterbottom, Richard (2017): Two new species of Trimma (Pisces; Gobiidae) from Fiji, south-western Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa 4269 (4): 559-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4269.4.9
03ABCE693552A3716DC4FC851E59F80D.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Named from the Greek word “ finistrini ” (φινιστρίνι), a porthole, in allusion to the lines of yellow spots along the sides of the body, reminiscent of the lighted portholes of an ocean liner at night. The common name of “ Porthole Pygmygoby ” was suggested by Janet Eyre. This species has been informally referred to as T. RW sp. 105. Treated as a noun in apposition.	en	Winterbottom, Richard (2017): Two new species of Trimma (Pisces; Gobiidae) from Fiji, south-western Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa 4269 (4): 559-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4269.4.9
03ABCE693552A3716DC4FC851E59F80D.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Currently recorded only from the Fiji Islands off the north and north-east coasts of Viti Levu. Comparisons. The colour pattern of a brownish head and body with golden- to greenish-yellow spots at the centres of most body scales is unique in the genus to T. finistrinum. Described species of Trimma sharing a broad bony interorbital and a dark spot on the hypural region of the caudal peduncle include T. burridgeae Winterbottom, 2016, T. caudomaculatum Yoshino & Araga, 1975, T. corerefum Winterbottom, 2016, T. griffithsi Winterbottom, 1984, T. hollemani Winterbottom, 2016, T. nasa Winterbottom, 2005, T. tevegae Cohen & Davis, 1969, T. xanthochrum Winterbottom, 2011, and T. yoshinoi Suzuki et al., 2015. Trimma griffithsi and T. nasa can be distinguished from T. finistrinum by lacking scales on the cheek, and having only cycloid scales on the nape (vs. cheeks scaled, and ctenoid scales on at least the posterior two-thirds of the nape). The caudal spot in T. griffithsi is much smaller than in any of the other species, and is confined to the lower half of the peduncle. Trimma nasa has a very light colouration with much less pigment on the body compared to the species treated here, except for a dark ‘ shadow’ created along the side of the body by pigment on the peritoneum. Trimma xanthochrum and T. yoshinoi differ from T. finistrinum in having the papillae under the eye consisting of short vertical rows of 2 – 3 papillae each at positions 2, 3 and 4 (vs. single papilla at each of these positions), the mid-snout and posterior interorbital papillae of row p (the third and fifth papillae in the row counting from the anteriormost) consisting of short transverse rows of 2 – 4 papillae (vs. usually a single papilla), and having branched rays in the mid-region of the pectoral fin (vs. rays unbranched). Trimma finistrinum differs from the remaining five species in having a branched fifth pelvic fin ray. It differ further from T. burridgeae in usually having a shorter second spine of the first dorsal fin, reaching to between base of spine and sixth ray of second dorsal fin (vs. base of fifth ray to mid-peduncle), and more predorsal scales (12 – 14 vs. 11); and from T. caudomaculatum in usually having a shorter second spine of the first dorsal fin, reaching to between base of spine and sixth ray of second dorsal fin (vs. base of fifth ray to end of peduncle). Further differences between T. finistrinum and T. corerefum include one more pectoral fin ray (14 vs. 12 – 13), more scales in the predorsal midline (12 – 14 vs. 10 – 11), 3 rows of cheek scales (vs. 1 – 2), more total gill rakers (19 – 20 vs. 14 – 18), and 4 or more papillae in rows r and f (vs. 2 each). The new species differs further from T. hollemani in usually having more predorsal midline scales (12 – 14 vs. 9 – 12) and total gill rakers (19 – 20 vs. 17 – 19). From T. tevegae it differs in usually having a longer second spine of the first dorsal fin (reaching to the anterior half of the base of the second dorsal fin vs. origin of that fin), and in having more scales in the predorsal midline (12 – 14 vs. 9 – 11).	en	Winterbottom, Richard (2017): Two new species of Trimma (Pisces; Gobiidae) from Fiji, south-western Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa 4269 (4): 559-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4269.4.9
03ABCE693552A3716DC4FC851E59F80D.taxon	discussion	Discussion. A Neighbour-Joining analysis of available COI data for Trimma places the two sequenced specimens of T. finistrinum (T 14992, T 14993) as phenetically closest to an assemblage within Box A of Winterbottom et al. (2014) containing T. xanthochrum Group 2 c (Palau — possibly the same as T. yoshinoi from Japan), T. gigantum Group 8 (Palau), T. xanthochrum Group 2 a (Ceram), T. xanthochrum Group 2 (Raja Ampat, FakFak and Palawan), T. xanthochrum Group 2 b (Rabaul), T. tevegae, T. caudomaculatum, T. burridgeae (as T. tevegae Group 5) and T. hollemani (as T. tevegae Group 4). They are most similar to T. xanthochrum Group 2 c (Palau), but differ from that haplogroup by a minimum of about 15.5 % of the base pairs sampled. The original field notes for ROM 100152 and ROM 101380 noted that the collection was made near the wreck of the Nasi Yalodina. Two well separated localities for this wreck were found during a web search. One placement is located almost due north of Tavua, a town at about the middle of the north coast of Viti Levu (e. g. http: // diveadvisor. com / fiji / nasi-yalodina, http: // diveseven. com / atlas # lat = - 16.827545999918335 & lng = 177.9860687255 8594 & zoom = 9, http: // www. divebuddy. com / divesite / 2433 / nasi-yalodina-fiji /), the other lies about 70 km east of this and appears to be the correct positioning for the wreck (https: // www. google. com / maps / d / viewer? mid = zgZLcOn 4 ZK 5 M. kLrOIxNNWZ _ U). However, I have omitted the reference to the Nasi Yalodina wreck to avoid future potential confusion regarding the type locality.	en	Winterbottom, Richard (2017): Two new species of Trimma (Pisces; Gobiidae) from Fiji, south-western Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa 4269 (4): 559-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4269.4.9
