identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03AE87A8E57C6877FF0FF9DB7793F82F.text	03AE87A8E57C6877FF0FF9DB7793F82F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Probles Forster. Se 1869	<div><p>Genus Probles Förster, 1869</p><p>Type species: Probles melanarius Szépligeti, 1899 (= erythrostomus Gravenhorst, 1829).</p><p>Twelve species of the genus Probles Förster are found to occur in Mexico. All species belong to the subgenus Euporizon Horstmann and are new to science. The genus is rare in Mexico and predominantly collected in the mountainous parts of the country (see Fig. 1). Most species are represented by one or a few specimens, except for P. megasoma sp. nov. which is relatively abundant and distributed from tropical Mexico to Costa Rica (Fig. 2). Eleven other Mexican species of Probles were not found in a large examined tersilochine material from Costa Rica (which contains several undescribed species of Probles), and apparently do not occur in this country.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE87A8E57C6877FF0FF9DB7793F82F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2019): Mexican species of the genus Probles Förster (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tersilochinae). Zootaxa 4619 (2): 201-230, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4619.2.1
03AE87A8E57D6876FF0FFF0076A4F91A.text	03AE87A8E57D6876FF0FFF0076A4F91A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Probles Forster. Se 1869	<div><p>Key to species of Probles occurring in Mexico</p><p>1. Propodeum with long basal keel (sometimes obliterated) which is 0.8–1.1× as long as apical area (Figs 5, 45, 46, 51)...... 2</p><p>- Propodeum with basal area or short (0.6× or less) basal keel................................................... 4</p><p>2. Second tergite 1.5–1.8× as long as anteriorly broad. First tergite with upper margin evenly and strongly convex in lateral view (Fig. 44). Ovipositor short and robust (Fig. 43), with sheath 0.8–1.1× as long as first tergite....... 7. P. megasoma sp. nov.</p><p>- Second tergite twice as long as anteriorly broad (Fig. 54). First tergite, in lateral view, with upper margin straight or weakly convex in basal 0.7 and strongly convex in apical 0.3 (Figs 4, 53). Ovipositor very long and slender (Figs 7, 55), with sheath 2.4–3.0× as long as first tergite.......................................................................... 3</p><p>3. Notaulus with distinct wrinkle on anterolateral margin of mesoscutum. Gena granulate. Ovipositor evenly upcurved, with small dorsal subapical notch (Fig. 7)......................................................... 1. P. alejandroi sp. nov.</p><p>- Notaulus completely absent. Gena smooth. Ovipositor somewhat stronger upcurved at apex, with shallow dorsal subapical depression (Fig. 55)............................................................... 8. P. miquihuana sp. nov.</p><p>4. Mandible very slender with upper tooth exceptionally long, 3.0–4.0× longer than the lower (Fig. 11). First metasomal tergite very slender, 3.8× as long as posteriorly broad, entirely smooth, with small glymma in apical 0.65 joining by fine furrow to ventral part of postpetiole (Figs 8, 67). Flagellum with 15–16 flagellomeres (Figs 12, 68)............................ 5</p><p>- Mandible less slender, with upper tooth at most twice as long as the lower. First metasomal tergite usually shorter, often striate laterally and dorsally, sometimes with large glymma. Number of flagellomeres varies from 14 to 24.................... 6</p><p>5. Fore wing with second recurrent vein (2m-cu) interstitial (Fig. 8). Malar space as long as basal mandibular width. Propodeal spiracle separated from pleural carina by 1.5× diameter of spiracle (Fig. 13). Ovipositor sheath as long as first tergite (Fig. 8).............................................................................. 2. P. belokobylskii sp. nov.</p><p>- Fore wing with second recurrent vein (2m-cu) distinctly postfurcal. Malar space half as long as basal mandibular width. Propodeal spiracle separated from pleural carina by half diameter of spiracle (Fig. 69). Ovipositor sheath 1.8× as long as first tergite (Fig. 67).......................................................................... 11. P. xalapana sp. nov.</p><p>6. Second tergite 1.1–1.3× as long as anteriorly broad (Fig. 78)................................................... 7</p><p>- Second tergite 1.4–2.0× as long as anteriorly broad.......................................................... 8</p><p>7. Clypeus unusually small, 0.75× as broad as face (Fig. 17). Antennal flagellum slender, filiform, with 16 flagellomeres; subapical flagellomeres distinctly elongated. Mandible strongly tapered, 2.5× broader basally than at level of teeth (Fig. 17). Propodeum with basal area (Fig. 18). Ovipositor sheath twice as long as first tergite.................... 3. P. clypeola sp. nov.</p><p>- Clypeus not unusually small, about as broad as face. Antennal flagellum robust, distinctly clavate, with 21–24 flagellomeres; subapical flagellomeres transverse (Fig. 73). Mandible weakly tapered, 1.3–1.4× broader basally than at level of teeth. Propodeum with basal keel which is sometimes indistinct (Fig. 74). Ovipositor sheath 1.1–1.3× as long as first tergite (Fig. 76)................................................................................ 12. P. zacapoaxtlana sp. nov.</p><p>8. Flagellum with 14–16 flagellomeres (Figs 20, 57). Notaulus absent. Head and mesosoma almost entirely polished. Very small species with body length 2.4–2.7 mm ..................................................................... 9</p><p>- Flagellum with 20–23 flagellomeres. Notaulus usually with distinct wrinkle. Head and mesosoma predominantly granulate, sometimes partly smooth on gena and mesopleuron. Body usually larger........................................ 10</p><p>9. Propodeum with basal area 1.1× as long as apical area (Fig. 24). Ovipositor with deep dorsal subapical notch (Fig. 25); sheath 4.5× as long as first tergite............................................................ 4. P. contrerasi sp. nov.</p><p>- Propodeum with basal area shorter, 0.6× as long as apical area (Fig. 60). Ovipositor evenly pointed from base to apex, without dorsal subapical notch (Fig. 61); sheath 1.2× as long as first tergite................................ 9. P. picus sp. nov.</p><p>10. Head, in dorsal view, weakly constricted behind eyes, with gena 0.85–0.9× as long as eye width (Fig. 64). Gena granulate. Eyes with short setae.................................................................... 10. P. spectabilis sp. nov.</p><p>- Head, in dorsal view, strongly constricted behind eyes, with gena 0.55–0.65× as long as eye width (Figs 27, 35). Gena polished. Eyes glabrous....................................................................................... 11</p><p>11. Mandible with upper tooth distinctly longer than the lower (about 2.0×). Second flagellomere 1.8–2.0× as long as broad (Fig. 26). Propodeum with narrow indistinct basal area which is 0.4–0.5× as long as apical area (Fig. 29). Propodeal spiracle separated from pleural carina by 1.5× diameter of spiracle (Fig. 28). Ovipositor sheath about 1.5× as long as first tergite.......................................................................................... 5. P. juanitae sp. nov.</p><p>- Mandible with upper tooth just slightly longer than the lower (1.5× or less). Second flagellomere about 2.5× as long as broad (Fig. 34). Propodeum with broad basal area which is 0.8–1.0× as long as apical area (Figs 37, 38). Propodeal spiracle separated from pleural carina by 0.5–1.0× diameter of spiracle. Ovipositor sheath 2.0–2.8× as long as first tergite (Fig. 32)............................................................................................... 6. P. lunai sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE87A8E57D6876FF0FFF0076A4F91A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2019): Mexican species of the genus Probles Förster (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tersilochinae). Zootaxa 4619 (2): 201-230, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4619.2.1
03AE87A8E57B6872FF0FFAFB7024F9CF.text	03AE87A8E57B6872FF0FFAFB7024F9CF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Probles (Euporizon) belokobylskii Khalaim & Ruíz-Cancino 2019	<div><p>2. Probles (Euporizon) belokobylskii Khalaim, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 8–15)</p><p>Material examined. Holotype female (UNAM), Mexico, Veracruz, NNE of San Andrés [Tuxtla], Biological Station Los Tuxlas, 4–8.X.2014, coll. S.A. Belokobylskij.</p><p>Description. Female. Body length almost 3.0 mm. Fore wing length 2.2 mm.</p><p>Head, in dorsal view, strongly transverse, twice as broad as long, strongly constricted and weakly rounded posterior to eyes (Fig. 9); gena 0.65× as long as eye width. Eyes glabrous. Clypeus large (Fig. 10), 2.2× as long as broad, weakly convex, with lower margin rounded; clypeus with distinct and rather dense punctures in upper 0.8 and less conspicuously punctate in lower 0.2, smooth between punctures, separated from face by weak impression. Two distal labial palpomeres very short (base of labial palp indiscernible). Mandible very slender, weakly and evenly tapered, with upper tooth unusually long, 4.0× longer than the lower (Fig. 11). Malar space almost as long as basal mandibular width. Antennal flagellum (Fig. 12) slender, tapered towards apex, with 15 flagellomeres; subbasal flagellomeres about 1.8× and subapical flagellomeres 1.3–1.5× as long as broad. Face with very weak median prominence and conspicuous median tubercle in upper part. Face and frons with fine and dense punctures on granulate background (punctures partly indistinct because of granulation), dull. Vertex shallowly granulate, weakly shining, impunctate. Gena very finely punctate on almost smooth background, very shallowly granulate in upper and lower parts. Occipital carina complete.</p><p>Mesoscutum with fine and dense punctures on granulate background (punctures partly indistinct because of granulation), dull. Notaulus represented by impression distant from anterolateral margin of mesoscutum and crest before this impression. Scutellum with lateral longitudinal carinae present in basal 0.3. Mesopleuron granulate, dull, with fine but distinct punctures centrally. Foveate groove (Fig. 13) situated in front 0.8 of mesopleuron, long and broad, strongly upcurved anteriorly, with transverse wrinkles extending downwards. Propodeal spiracle separated from pleural carina by 1.5× diameter of spiracle (Fig. 13). Propodeum distinctly granulate, impunctate, dull; basal area somewhat widened anteriorly, about 1.5× al long as anteriorly broad and 0.4× as long as apical area (Fig. 14); basal longitudinal carinae indistinct because of irregular wrinkles; apical area long and narrow, almost 1.8 times as long as broad, flat; apical longitudinal carinae strong, complete, subparallel in posterior 2/3 and weakly divergent in anterior 1/3 Fore wing with second recurrent vein (2m-cu) interstitial (Fig. 8). Intercubitus (2rs-m) rather long, weakly thickened. First abscissa of radius (Rs+2r) straight, longer than width of pterostigma. First and second abscissae of radius (Rs+2 r and Rs) meeting at slightly acute angle (about 85°). Metacarpus (R1) almost reaching apex of fore wing. Second abscissa of postnervulus present, thus brachial cell is closed posteriorly. Hind wing with nervellus (cu1&amp;cu-a) slightly reclivous. Legs slender. Tarsal claws weakly curved, not pectinate.</p><p>.</p><p>First tergite 3.8× as long as posteriorly broad, entirely polished, round in cross-section centrally, with upper margin almost straight in basal 0.8 and convex in apical 0.2; postpetiole widened in dorsal view and clearly separated from petiole. Glymma small but distinct, situated in posterior 0.65 of tergite, joining by fine furrow to ventral part of postpetiole. Second tergite 1.4× as long as anteriorly broad. Thyridial depression very shallow, indistinct, 1.5–2.0× as long as broad, with posterior end rounded. Ovipositor robust, weakly bent upwards, with dorsal subapical depression and conspicuous rounded tooth before this depression (Fig. 15); sheath about as long as first tergite.</p><p>Head and mesosoma black, partly with slight brownish tinge; clypeus brownish yellow in lower 0.3 and dark reddish brown in upper part; upper front corner of mesopleuron reddish yellow-brown. Palpi yellow. Mandible brownish yellow, teeth reddish. Scape and pedicel of antenna yellow, flagellum black. Tegula pale brown. Wings hyaline. Pterostigma brown. Legs yellow, hind leg with extreme apical end of tibia and distal tarsomeres infuscate. First metasomal segment brown. Metasoma posterior to first tergite brown to dark brown, with yellowish markings on lateral sides and ventrally.</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Etymology. The species is named in honour of the Russian entomologist, expert in Braconidae and collector of the holotype, Sergey A. Belokobylskij (ZISP).</p><p>Distribution. Mexico (Veracruz) (Fig. 1).</p><p>Comparison. The new species is easily distinguished from all other Mexican species of Probles by its mandible with exceptionally long upper tooth (Fig. 11) and interstitial second recurrent vein (2m-cu) in the fore wing (Fig. 8). Probles belokobylskii sp. nov. resembles the genus Diaparsis Förster as it has rather strongly transverse head, large clypeus (Fig. 10) and strongly oblique anteriorly foveate groove of mesopleuron (Fig. 13), but the propodeum with distinct basal area (Fig. 14) and first metasomal segment with glymma joining by furrow to the ventral part of postpetiole (Fig. 8) indicate that it is a species of Probles .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE87A8E57B6872FF0FFAFB7024F9CF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2019): Mexican species of the genus Probles Förster (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tersilochinae). Zootaxa 4619 (2): 201-230, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4619.2.1
03AE87A8E579687CFF0FF95770A2FCA3.text	03AE87A8E579687CFF0FF95770A2FCA3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Probles (Euporizon) clypeola Khalaim & Ruíz-Cancino 2019	<div><p>3. Probles (Euporizon) clypeola Khalaim, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 16–19)</p><p>Material examined. Holotype female (UNAM), Mexico, Hidalgo, Huasca de Ocampo, Rancho Santa Elena, 20°06’N, 98°31’W, 2330–2535 m, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-98.51667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.1" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -98.51667/lat 20.1)">Hueyapan River</a>, 13.VI.2010, coll. A. Contreras R. et al.</p><p>Description. Female. Body length 3.1 mm. Fore wing length 2.7 mm.</p><p>Head, in dorsal view, roundly constricted posterior to eyes; gena 0.8× as long as eye width. Eyes glabrous. Clypeus (Fig. 17) unusually small, 2.5× as long as broad and 0.75× as broad as face (shortest distance between inner eye margins), with ventrolateral margins conspicuously impressed and concave; clypeus very weakly convex in lateral view, smooth, with several very fine punctures in upper part, separated from face by broad furrow. Palp formula 4+3, maxillary palp relatively long with distal palpomere the longest. Mandible very strongly tapered and somewhat twisted, so distal apex is 0.4× as broad as basal mandibular width (Fig. 17); upper tooth much longer than the lower. Malar space as long as basal mandibular width. Antennal flagellum slender, filiform, with 16 flagellomeres; subbasal flagellomeres 2.1–2.4× and subapical flagellomeres 1.3–1.5× as long as broad. Face with elongated median prominence. Face and frons very finely and shallowly granulate, weakly shining, without distinct punctures. Vertex very shallowly granulate medially and smooth laterally, weakly shining, with very fine punctures. Gena smooth, shining, with very fine punctures. Occipital carina complete. Hypostomal carina absent.</p><p>Mesoscutum granulate, dull, without distinct punctures. Notaulus very weak, with fine longitudinal wrinkle. Scutellum with lateral longitudinal carinae present at its front 0.25. Mesopleuron almost entirely smooth and shining, with sparse very fine (but distinct) punctures, peripherally somewhat partly granulate or scabrous. Foveate groove weakly oblique and almost straight, situated more or less in centre of mesopleuron, thin, deep and sharp, with rather strong transverse wrinkles. Propodeal spiracle small, separated from pleural carina by 2.5× diameter of spiracle. Propodeum granulate, impunctate, dull, with long and broad basal area which is about twice as long broad and almost 0.8× as long as apical area (Fig. 18); basal longitudinal carinae weak, slightly divergent anteriorly; apical area flat, broad and widely rounded anteriorly (Fig. 18); apical longitudinal carinae strong, complete, reaching transverse carina anteriorly.</p><p>Fore wing with second recurrent vein (2m-cu) postfurcal. Intercubitus (2rs-m) long, weakly thickened, longer than abscissa of cubitus between intercubitus and second recurrent vein (abscissa of M between 2rs-m and 2m-cu). First abscissa of radius (Rs+2r) almost straight, longer than width of pterostigma. First and second abscissae of radius (Rs+2 r and Rs) meeting at slightly acute angle (about 85°). Metacarpus (R1) somewhat not reaching apex of fore wing. Second abscissa of postnervulus present, thus brachial cell is closed posteriorly. Hind wing with nervellus (cu1&amp;cu-a) almost vertical. Legs slender. Tarsal claws not pectinate.</p><p>First tergite 3.0× as long as posteriorly broad, predominantly smooth with petiole finely striate laterally before glymma and postpetiole very shallowly granulate dorsally in basal part; tergite in cross-section centrally more or less round, with upper margin weakly convex in basal 0.7 and stronger convex in apical 0.3; postpetiole distinctly widened in dorsal view. Glymma small but deep, situated in posterior 0.55 of tergite, joining by distinct furrow to ventral part of postpetiole. Second tergite almost 1.3× as long as anteriorly broad. Thyridial depression clearly delimited, twice as long as broad, with posterior end rounded. Ovipositor robust, weakly bent upwards, slightly widened apically, with weak dorsal subapical depression (Fig. 19); sheath about twice as long as first tergite.</p><p>Head, mesosoma and first tergite of metasoma dark reddish brown to brownish black. Palpi, mandible (teeth dark reddish brown) and tegula yellow. Clypeus yellow, darkened with reddish brown in upper half. Scape and pedicel of antenna brownish yellow; flagellum brown, somewhat darkening towards apex. Wings hyaline. Pterostigma brown. Legs brownish yellow, hind coxa extensively darkened with brown. Metasoma posterior to first tergite predominantly brown, pale brown ventrally.</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Etymology. The species is named after its unusually small clypeus.</p><p>Distribution. Mexico (Hidalgo) (Fig. 1).</p><p>Comparison. The new species is easily distinguished from all other Mexican species of Probles by its unusually small clypeus which is only 0.75× as broad as face (Fig. 17) while in the other Mexican species the clypeus is about as broad as face (as in Fig. 33). The species is also characterized by strongly tapered, somewhat twisted mandible which is 0.4× as broad at level of teeth as at base (Fig. 17).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE87A8E579687CFF0FF95770A2FCA3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2019): Mexican species of the genus Probles Förster (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tersilochinae). Zootaxa 4619 (2): 201-230, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4619.2.1
03AE87A8E577687FFF0FFCC472A7FD7B.text	03AE87A8E577687FFF0FFCC472A7FD7B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Probles (Euporizon) contrerasi Khalaim & Ruíz-Cancino 2019	<div><p>4. Probles (Euporizon) contrerasi Khalaim, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 20–25)</p><p>Material examined. Holotype female (UNAM), Mexico, Hidalgo, Huasca de Ocampo, Rancho Santa Elena, 20°06’N, 98°31’W, 2330–2535 m, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-98.51667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.1" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -98.51667/lat 20.1)">Hueyapan River</a>, 13.VI.2010, coll. A. Contreras R. et al.</p><p>Description. Female. Body length 2.7 mm. Fore wing length 2.4 mm.</p><p>Head, in dorsal view, constricted and rounded posterior to eyes (Fig. 21); gena almost 0.8× as long as eye width. Eyes glabrous. Clypeus (Fig. 22) in front view lenticular, broad, with ventrolateral margins somewhat impressed; clypeus almost 3.5× as broad as long and somewhat broader than face (shortest distance between inner eye margins), flat centrally, smooth, with several inconspicuous punctures in upper part, separated from face by distinct furrow. Palp formula 4+3. Mandible slender; upper tooth slightly longer than the lower. Malar space about as long as basal mandibular width. Antennal flagellum (Fig. 20) slender, filiform, with 16 flagellomeres; flagellomeres 2–4 about 2.5× and subapical flagellomeres 1.3–1.4× as long as broad. Face with weak median prominence. Face shallowly granulate, weakly shining. Frons smooth, shining, impunctate, laterally somewhat scabrous. Vertex and gena polished, impunctate. Occipital carina complete. Hypostomal carina absent.</p><p>Mesoscutum finely and shallowly granulate, impunctate. Notaulus absent, its path indicated by denser granulation. Scutellum with lateral longitudinal carinae present at its front 0.2. Mesopleuron smooth and shining, impunctate, peripherally finely granulate. Foveate groove (Fig. 23) long, moderately broad, weakly oblique, almost straight, extending across mesopleuron but not reaching neither front nor hind margin of mesopleuron, with strong transverse wrinkles. Propodeal spiracle small, separated from pleural carina by half diameter of spiracle. Propodeum smooth, with long and narrow basal area which is 6.0× as long broad and 1.1× as long as apical area (Fig. 24); basal longitudinal carinae more or less parallel, weak, anteriorly evanescent; apical area flat, very broad and widely rounded anteriorly (Fig. 24); apical longitudinal carinae more or less complete, reaching transverse carina anteriorly.</p><p>Fore wing with second recurrent vein (2m-cu) postfurcal. Intercubitus (2rs-m) thickened, shorter than abscissa of cubitus between intercubitus and second recurrent vein (abscissa of M between 2rs-m and 2m-cu). First abscissa of radius (Rs+2r) almost straight, longer than width of pterostigma. First and second abscissae of radius (Rs+2 r and Rs) meeting at right angle. Metacarpus (R1) not reaching apex of fore wing. Second abscissa of postnervulus present, thus brachial cell is clearly closed posteriorly. Hind wing with nervellus (cu1&amp;cu-a) somewhat reclivous. Legs slender. Tarsal claws moderately long and weakly curved, not pectinate.</p><p>First tergite 4.4× as long as posteriorly broad; petiole strongly striate dorsally and laterally, postpetiole mostly smooth; tergite in cross-section centrally round, with upper margin convex in basal 0.7 and apical 0.3 (Fig. 23); postpetiole slightly wider than petiole in dorsal view. Glymma deep, situated in posterior 0.55 of tergite, joining by distinct furrow to ventral part of postpetiole (Fig. 23). Second tergite twice as long as anteriorly broad. Thyridial depression almost 3.0× as long as broad. Ovipositor long and slender, weakly bent upwards, with narrow dorsal subapical notch (Fig. 25); sheath almost 4.5× as long as first tergite. Head and mesosoma brownish black. Palpi, mandible (teeth dark reddish brown) and tegula brownish yellow. Clypeus yellow-brown in lower 0.8. Scape and pedicel of antenna yellow-brown, flagellum dark brown. Wings hyaline. Pterostigma brown. Legs yellow-brown; fore and mid coxae weakly and hind coxa strongly darkened with brown; all femora brownish basally and all tarsi infuscate. Metasoma with first tergite dark brown; following ter- gites brown, paler ventrally. Male. Unknown. Etymology. The species is named in honour of the collector of the holotype, expert in Neuroptera, Atilano Contreras Ramos (UNAM). Distribution. Mexico (Hidalgo) (Fig. 1). Comparison. The new species is immediately distinguished from all other Mexican species of Probles by its slender and long ovipositor with narrow dorsal subapical notch (Fig. 25). Probles contrerasi resembles the genus Gelanes Horstmann in structure of clypeus, polished mesosoma and shape of the ovipositor, but long foveate groove of mesopleuron (Fig. 23), slender first tergite of metasoma (Fig. 23) and long thyridial depression better correspond with the genus Probles.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE87A8E577687FFF0FFCC472A7FD7B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2019): Mexican species of the genus Probles Förster (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tersilochinae). Zootaxa 4619 (2): 201-230, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4619.2.1
03AE87A8E5756879FF0FFF0072EAF871.text	03AE87A8E5756879FF0FFF0072EAF871.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Probles (Euporizon) juanitae Khalaim & Ruíz-Cancino 2019	<div><p>5. Probles (Euporizon) juanitae Khalaim &amp; Ruíz-Cancino, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 26–31)</p><p>Material examined. Holotype female (UAT), Mexico, Tamaulipas, Municipio Tula, Ejido Acahuales, 1400 m, oakforest, Malaise trap, 5–21.I.2017, coll. E. Ruíz-Cancino &amp; J.M. Coronado-Blanco.</p><p>Paratype. MEXICO. Chiapas: 1 ♀ (TAMU) Municipio San Cristóbal [de las Casas], Reserva [Cerro El] Huitepec, 16°46’06”N, 92°41’04”W, Malaise trap, 2–14.VIII.1997, coll. J. Woolley, González &amp; Galdamez.</p><p>Description. Female. Body length 3.3 mm. Fore wing length 2.5 mm.</p><p>Head, in dorsal view, distinctly constricted and rounded posterior to eyes (Fig. 27); gena short, 0.55× as long as eye width. Eyes glabrous. Clypeus in front view lenticular, with ventrolateral margins somewhat impressed and weak transverse impression in lower 1/3, about 2.6× as broad as long, slightly convex, smooth in lower half, coriaceous and with very fine punctures in upper half, separated from face by sharp furrow. Palpi formula 4+3. Mandible slender; upper tooth much longer than the lower. Malar space as long as basal mandibular width (Fig. 28). Antennal flagellum (Fig. 26) moderately slender, tapered towards apex, with 20–21 flagellomeres (21 flagellomeres in holotype); second flagellomere 1.8–2.0×, mid flagellomeres about 1.5× and subapical flagellomeres 1.0–1.1× as long as broad. Face with very weak median prominence. Face weakly granulate, impunctate, dull. Frons distinctly granulate, impunctate, dull. Vertex shallowly granulate, impunctate, weakly shining. Gena polished. Occipital carina complete. Hypostomal carina absent.</p><p>Mesoscutum finely granulate, impunctate and dull, with lateral lobes shallowly granulate, weakly shining and with very fine punctures. Notaulus with strong wrinkle on anterolateral side of mesoscutum (Fig. 28). Scutellum with lateral longitudinal carinae present at its front 0.2. Mesopleuron impunctate, more or less smooth and shining centrally (above foveate groove) and ventrally, peripherally and below foveate groove finely granulate and dull. Epicnemial carina joining front margin of mesopleuron. Foveate groove (Fig. 28) deep and broad, situated in front 0.8 of mesopleuron, S-curved, strongly oblique anteriorly, with strong transverse wrinkles. Propodeal spiracle separated from pleural carina by 1.5–2.0× diameter of spiracle. Propodeum granulate, impunctate, dull. Propodeum with indistinct narrow basal area which is 0.4–0.5× as long as apical area (Fig. 29); apical area flat, narrow, pointed or very narrowly rounded anteriorly (Fig. 29); apical longitudinal carinae complete, reaching transverse carina anteriorly.</p><p>Fore wing with second recurrent vein (2m-cu) distinctly postfurcal; vein 2m-cu completely absent in front half and distinct in posterior half. Intercubitus (2rs-m) very short and very thick. First abscissa of radius (Rs+2r) straight, 1.1× as long as width of pterostigma. First and second abscissae of radius (Rs+2 r and Rs) meeting at right angle. Metacarpus (R1) somewhat not reaching apex of fore wing. Second abscissa of postnervulus present but short, thus brachial cell is open posteriorly. Hind wing with nervellus (cu1&amp;cu-a) weakly reclivous. Legs slender. Tarsal claws moderately long, not pectinate.</p><p>First tergite 4.2× as long as posteriorly broad, smooth, with distal end of petiole weakly striate dorsally; tergite in cross-section centrally round, with upper margin weakly convex in basal 0.7 and strongly convex in apical 0.3; postpetiole much wider than petiole in dorsal view (Fig. 30). Glymma small but deep, situated in posterior 0.65–0.7 of tergite, joining by distinct furrow to ventral part of postpetiole. Second tergite 1.55× as long as anteriorly broad (Fig. 30). Thyridial depression almost 3.0× as long as broad (Fig. 30). Ovipositor short, slender, weakly bent upwards, with shallow dorsal subapical depression (Fig. 31); sheath about 1.5× as long as first tergite.</p><p>Head and mesosoma dark reddish brown to brownish black. Palpi and mandible (teeth reddish black) yellow. Clypeus yellow in lower part to brown in upper part. Scape and pedicel of antenna brownish yellow; flagellum dark brown, slightly paler basally. Tegula yellow-brown. Wings hyaline. Pterostigma dark brown, whitish proximally and distally. Legs entirely brownish yellow. Metasoma (including first tergite) predominantly brown, yellowish ventrally and at distal end.</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Variation. Flagellum of the paratype is slenderer and more strongly tapered towards apex, with mid flagellomeres 1.8× as long as broad and subapical flagellomeres 1.4–1.6× as long as broad. Ovipositor with weak dorsal subapical depression. Paratype is somewhat darker, with more intense brown colouration.</p><p>Etymology. The species is named in honour of our friend and colleague, expert in Braconidae and collector of the holotype, Juana Maria Coronado-Blanco (UAT).</p><p>Distribution. Mexico (Tamaulipas, Chiapas) (Fig. 1).</p><p>Comparison. The new species differs from its Mexican congeners by the combination of short gena (Fig. 27), short basal keel of propodeum (Fig. 29) and strongly petiolate first metasomal segment with glymma in its apical 0.65–0.7. The new species is also characterized by the second recurrent vein (2m-cu) completely lacking in front half and distinct posteriorly.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE87A8E5756879FF0FFF0072EAF871	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2019): Mexican species of the genus Probles Förster (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tersilochinae). Zootaxa 4619 (2): 201-230, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4619.2.1
03AE87A8E573687AFF0FFF037038FEAB.text	03AE87A8E573687AFF0FFF037038FEAB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Probles (Euporizon) lunai Khalaim & Ruíz-Cancino 2019	<div><p>6. Probles (Euporizon) lunai Khalaim, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 32–39)</p><p>Material examined. Holotype female (UAT), Mexico, Tamaulipas, Km 21 La Peña—Joya Larga [road north from La Peña], pine forest, 16.IX.2000, coll. C. Covarrubias-Dimas.</p><p>Paratypes. MEXICO. Chiapas: 1 ♀ (TAMU) 4 km W of San Cristóbal [de las Casas], San Felipe [Ecatepec], Oak-grass woodlands, 24–28.VIII.1990, coll. R. Jones. Tamaulipas: 1 ♀ (UAT) NE of Miquihuana, Rancho Obed Hernández, 2500 m, pine forest, Malaise trap, 10–24.IX.2011, coll. E. Ruíz-Cancino &amp; J. Treviño-Carreon.</p><p>Description. Female. Body length 2.9 mm. Fore wing length 2.7 mm.</p><p>Head, in dorsal view, strongly and roundly constricted and rounded posterior to eyes (Fig. 35); gena 0.65× as long as eye width. Eyes glabrous. Clypeus in front view (Fig. 33) lenticular, with ventrolateral margins not or slightly impressed, about 3.0× as broad as long, very weakly convex, smooth in lower half and scabrous with very fine and sparse punctures in upper half, separated from face by distinct furrow. Palp formula 4+3. Mandible moderately slender, weakly tapered in basal half and with upper and lower margins subparallel in apical half; upper tooth somewhat longer than the lower. Malar space 0.9–1.0× as long as basal mandibular width. Antennal flagellum (Fig. 34) basally very slender, filiform, with 22 flagellomeres in holotype and 20 flagellomeres in paratypes; second flagellomere about 2.5× and subapical flagellomeres 1.3–1.5× as long as broad. Face with weak median prominence. Face and frons granulate, impunctate, dull. Vertex shallowly granulate anteriorly and medially to smooth posteriorly and laterally, without distinct punctures. Gena smooth, shining, with very fine and sparse punctures. Occipital carina complete. Hypostomal carina absent.</p><p>Mesoscutum finely granulate, impunctate and dull, with lateral lobes centrally almost smooth and weakly shining. Notaulus with distinct wrinkle on anterolateral side of mesoscutum (Fig. 32). Scutellum with lateral longitudinal carinae present at its front 0.1–0.15. Mesopleuron predominantly smooth and shining, very finely granulate peripherally and below foveate groove, impunctate in paratypes and with very fine and sparse punctures in upper part in holotype. Epicnemial carina joining front margin of mesopleuron. Foveate groove moderately broad, situated in central 0.8 of mesopleuron, S-curved, with distinct transverse wrinkles (Fig. 36). Propodeal spiracle separated from pleural carina by 0.5–1.0× diameter of spiracle. Propodeum granulate, impunctate, dull (almost smooth in paratype from Chiapas). Propodeum with broad basal area which is partly indistinct (because of irregular wrinkles) in holotype and paratype from Tamaulipas (Fig. 37), and well delineated in paratype from Chiapas (Fig. 38); basal area 0.8–1.0× as long as apical area; apical area flat, widely rounded anteriorly (Figs 37, 38); apical longitudinal carinae complete, reaching transverse carina anteriorly.</p><p>Fore wing with second recurrent vein (2m-cu) distinctly postfurcal; vein 2m-cu weakly pigmented in front 0.5– 0.6 and distinct posteriorly. Intercubitus (2rs-m) short to almost absent, somewhat thickened, shorter than abscissa of cubitus between intercubitus and second recurrent vein (abscissa of M between 2rs-m and 2m-cu). First abscissa of radius (Rs+2r) straight, distinctly longer than width of pterostigma. First and second abscissae of radius (Rs+2 r and Rs) meeting at right or slightly acute angle. Metacarpus (R1) not reaching apex of fore wing (Fig. 32). Second abscissa of postnervulus present, thus brachial cell is closed posteriorly. Hind wing with nervellus (cu1&amp;cu-a) weakly reclivous. Legs slender. Tarsal claws not pectinate.</p><p>First tergite 4.0× as long as posteriorly broad, with petiole striate laterally and (in holotype) dorsally, postpetiole smooth; tergite in cross-section centrally round or somewhat trapeziform, with upper margin weakly convex in basal 0.6–0.7 and somewhat stronger convex in apical 0.3–0.4; postpetiole wider than petiole in dorsal view. Glymma moderately deep, situated in posterior 0.6 of tergite and joining by furrow to ventral part of postpetiole. Second tergite 1.7× as long as anteriorly broad. Thyridial depression twice as long as broad, with posterior end rounded. Ovipositor long and slender, weakly and evenly upcurved (Fig. 32), with shallow dorsal subapical depression (Fig. 39); sheath 2.0–2.8× (2.2× in holotype) as long as first tergite.</p><p>Head and mesosoma dark reddish brown to brownish black; tegula and lower 0.6 of clypeus yellow. Palpi and mandible (teeth red) yellow. Scape and pedicel of antenna pale brown in holotype and yellow in both paratypes; flagellum brown, yellowish ventrally in paratype from Chiapas. Wings hyaline. Pterostigma pale brown. Legs brownish yellow, hind coxa darkened with brown in females from Tamaulipas and entirely yellow in female from Chiapas. First metasomal segment brown or dark brown. Metasoma posterior to first tergite predominantly brown, in holotype metasoma behind second tergite dark brown to brownish black.</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Variation. Female from Chiapas is distinctly paler than females from Tamaulipas, with head and mesosoma orange-brown rather than brownish black and flagellum yellow to pale brown ventrally. Propodeal spiracle in female from Chiapas is separated from pleural carina by one diameter of spiracle, propodeum with basal longitudinal carinae distinct (Fig. 38) and ovipositor sheath 2.8× as long as first tergite (2.0–2.2× in females from Tamaulipas).</p><p>Etymology. The species is named in honour of our colleague, professor of UAT, Juan Fidencio Luna Salas.</p><p>Distribution. Mexico (Tamaulipas, Chiapas) (Fig. 1).</p><p>Comparison. The new species differs from all other species of Probles occurring in Mexico by the combination of smooth gena, propodeum with long and broad basal area (Figs 37, 38), and long and weakly upcurved ovipositor with shallow dorsal subapical depression (Figs 32, 39).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE87A8E573687AFF0FFF037038FEAB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2019): Mexican species of the genus Probles Förster (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tersilochinae). Zootaxa 4619 (2): 201-230, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4619.2.1
03AE87A8E56C6867FF0FFDBF76B6F86B.text	03AE87A8E56C6867FF0FFDBF76B6F86B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Probles (Euporizon) miquihuana Khalaim & Ruíz-Cancino 2019	<div><p>8. Probles (Euporizon) miquihuana Khalaim &amp; Ruíz-Cancino, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 47–55)</p><p>Material examined. Holotype female (UAT), Mexico, Tamaulipas, 6 km NE of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-99.7075&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=23.602083" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -99.7075/lat 23.602083)">Miquihuana</a>, 23°36.125’N, 99°42.45’W, 2200–2600 m, 24.X.2008, coll. A.I. Khalaim.</p><p>Description. Female. Body length 3.5 mm. Fore wing length 2.9 mm.</p><p>Head, in dorsal view, distinctly constricted and rounded posterior to eyes (Fig. 48); gena 0.85× as long as eye width. Eyes glabrous. Clypeus lenticular in front view, about 2.5× as broad as long, almost flat in lateral view, smooth in lower half and scabrous with several very fine punctures in upper half, separated from face by distinct furrow. Palp formula 4+3. Mandible moderately slender, weakly tapered in basal half; upper tooth distinctly longer than the lower. Malar space almost as long as basal mandibular width. Antennal flagellum (Fig. 49) basally slender, probably filiform, with over 15 flagellomeres (apices of both flagella missing); second flagellomere almost 2.5× as long as broad. Face with weak elongate median prominence. Face and frons granulate, impunctate, dull. Vertex shallowly granulate, impunctate, weakly shining. Gena polished, with very fine setiferous punctures. Occipital carina complete. Hypostomal carina absent.</p><p>Mesosoma granulate, impunctate, dull; mesopleuron centrally (above and below the foveate groove) more or less smooth and shining. Notaulus absent (Figs 47, 48). Scutellum with lateral longitudinal carinae present only at its extreme base (Fig. 51). Foveate groove (Fig. 50) long, S-curved, extending across mesopleuron but not reaching neither front nor hind margin of mesopleuron, with transverse wrinkles extending downwards. Propodeal spiracle separated from pleural carina by one diameter of spiracle (Fig. 53). Propodeum with all carinae strong (Fig. 51); basal keel 0.9× as long as apical area; apical area flat, very broad and obtusely pointed anteriorly; apical longitudinal carinae more or less complete, convergent towards transverse carina.</p><p>Fore wing with second recurrent vein (2m-cu) postfurcal. Intercubitus (2rs-m) thickened, as long as abscissa of cubitus between intercubitus and second recurrent vein (abscissa of M between 2rs-m and 2m-cu). First abscissa of radius (Rs+2r) almost straight, much longer than width of pterostigma. First and second abscissae of radius (Rs+2 r and Rs) meeting at slightly acute angle. Metacarpus (R1) not reaching apex of fore wing. Second abscissa of postnervulus present, thus brachial cell is clearly closed posteriorly. Hind wing (Fig. 52) with nervellus (cu1&amp;cu-a) slightly reclivous. Legs slender. Tarsal claws moderately long and weakly curved, not pectinate.</p><p>First tergite 4.2× as long as posteriorly broad, smooth; in cross-section trapeziform basally and round centrally; with upper margin almost straight in basal 0.65 and strongly arcuate in apical 0.35 (Fig. 53); postpetiole distinctly wider than petiole in dorsal view. Glymma deep, situated in posterior 0.6 of tergite, joining by deep and sharp furrow to ventral part of postpetiole (Fig. 53). Second tergite twice as long as anteriorly broad (Fig. 54). Thyridial depression 3.0× as long as broad. Ovipositor long and very slender, weakly bent upwards, with weak dorsal subapical depression and stronger upcurved at extreme apex (Fig. 55); sheath about 3.0× as long as first tergite.</p><p>Head, mesosoma and first metasomal segment black. Palpi, mandible (teeth dark reddish brown) and lower 1/3 of clypeus brownish yellow. Scape and pedicel of antenna dark brown, flagellum black. Tegula yellow. Wings hyaline. Pterostigma brown. Fore and mid legs brownish yellow. Hind leg with coxa extensively darkened with brown, trochanters brownish yellow, femur brown (paler at base and apex), and tibia and tarsus dirty brown (tibia with weak subbasal pale band and basitarsus pale at base). Metasoma posterior to first tergite predominantly dark brown with brownish yellow markings laterally and ventrally; tergite 2 dorsally with transverse band posteriorly and narrow stripes on lateral margins in front 0.6 yellow (Fig. 54); tergite 3 with posterior pale band weaker than on tergite 2.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE87A8E56C6867FF0FFDBF76B6F86B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2019): Mexican species of the genus Probles Förster (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tersilochinae). Zootaxa 4619 (2): 201-230, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4619.2.1
03AE87A8E56A6863FF0FFAB473D3FABB.text	03AE87A8E56A6863FF0FFAB473D3FABB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Probles (Euporizon) picus Khalaim & Ruíz-Cancino 2019	<div><p>9. Probles (Euporizon) picus Khalaim &amp; Ruíz-Cancino, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 56–61)</p><p>Material examined. Holotype female (UAT), Mexico, Tamaulipas, 6 km NE of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-99.7075&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=23.602083" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -99.7075/lat 23.602083)">Miquihuana</a>, 23°36.125’N, 99°42.45’W, 2200–2600 m, 24.X.2016, coll. A.I. Khalaim.</p><p>Description. Female. Body length 2.4 mm. Fore wing length 2.0 mm.</p><p>Head, in dorsal view, roundly constricted posterior to eyes (Fig. 58); gena almost 0.8× as long as eye width. Eyes glabrous. Clypeus rather long, 2.3× as long as broad, lenticular, weakly convex in lateral view, smooth, with fine punctures in upper 0.6, separated from face by broad and shallow furrow. Palp formula 4+3. Mandible moderately slender, weakly tapered in basal half, with upper tooth distinctly longer than the lower. Malar space 0.9× as long as basal mandibular width. Antennal flagellum (Fig. 57) slender basally, slightly clavate, with 14 flagellomeres; subbasal flagellomeres about 1.8× and subapical flagellomeres 1.2–1.3× as long as broad. Face with weak, somewhat elongated median prominence, with very fine inconspicuous punctures on almost smooth background (median prominence impunctate), weakly shining. Frons with fine and dense punctures, smooth between punctures. Vertex smooth, weakly shining, with very fine and sparse punctures. Gena smooth, shining, almost impunctate. Occipital carina complete, mediodorsally somewhat impressed (Fig. 57). Hypostomal carina absent.</p><p>Mesoscutum scabrous to almost smooth, impunctate and weakly shining in front part and on lateral lobes; with very fine but sharp punctures on smooth background on central lobe in posterior half. Notaulus virtually absent, its path indicated by fine granulation and vestigial wrinkle (Fig. 57). Scutellum with lateral longitudinal carinae distinct in its front 0.3. Mesopleuron almost entirely smooth and shining, with very fine (partly indistinct) punctures. Fove- ate groove (Fig. 59) weakly oblique, almost straight, situated in centre of mesopleuron, very thin, not especially deep, with transverse wrinkles. Propodeal spiracle small, separated from pleural carina by 2.5× diameter of spiracle (Fig. 59). Propodeum with dorsolateral area smooth, with very fine inconspicuous punctures; propodeum mediodorsally with a pair of very close longitudinal carinae (or wrinkles) which are present posteriorly and indistinct anteriorly (Fig. 60); basal part 0.6× as long as apical area; apical area flat, rounded anteriorly, slightly uneven, shining (Fig. 60); apical longitudinal carinae fine, complete, reaching transverse carina anteriorly.</p><p>Fore wing with second recurrent vein (2m-cu) weakly postfurcal. Intercubitus (2rs-m) and abscissa of cubitus between intercubitus and second recurrent vein (abscissa of M between 2rs-m and 2m-cu) short and thick. First abscissa of radius (Rs+2r) slightly arcuate, distinctly longer than width of pterostigma. First and second abscissae of radius (Rs+2 r and Rs) meeting at slightly acute angle (about 85°). Metacarpus (R1) not reaching apex of fore wing. Second abscissa of postnervulus present, thus brachial cell is closed posteriorly. Hind wing with nervellus (cu1&amp;cu- a) distinctly reclivous. Legs slender; hind femur almost 5.0× as long as broad. Tarsal claws slender, weakly curved, not pectinate.</p><p>First tergite 4.0× as long as posteriorly broad, smooth, with petiole finely striate laterally before glymma; tergite in cross-section centrally round, postpetiole weakly widened in dorsal view. Glymma small, elongated, situated in centre of tergite, not connected by furrow with ventral part of postpetiole but with vestige of this furrow in posterior lower part of glymma (Fig. 61). Second tergite 1.8× as long as anteriorly broad. Thyridial depression shallow, about twice as long as broad. Ovipositor slender, weakly bent upwards, evenly tapered apically, without dorsal subapical depression (Fig. 61); sheath 1.2× as long as first tergite.</p><p>Head and mesosoma black with slight brownish tinge. Lower 0.3 of clypeus, palpi, mandible (teeth dark red) and tegula brownish yellow. Antenna gradually darkening from dark brown basally to black apically; scape and pedicel yellow-brown ventrally. Wings hyaline. Pterostigma brown. Legs brownish yellow, hind coxa extensively darkened with brown. First metasomal segment dark brown; second segment dorsally yellowish brown in front half, darkening to dark brown in posterior part, ventrally predominantly yellow-brown; following tergites uniformly brownish black.</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Etymology. The species is named from the Latin picus (woodpecker).</p><p>Distribution. Mexico (Tamaulipas) (Fig. 1).</p><p>Comparison. It is a very small species with body length 2.4 mm and fore wing 2.0 mm which is easily distinguished from all other Mexican species of Probles by its slender and evenly tapered apically ovipositor with neither dorsal subapical notch nor teeth (Fig. 61). It is also characterized by predominantly smooth head and mesosoma, short and narrow foveate groove of mesopleuron (Fig. 59), and first metasomal tergite with small glymma which is not connected with the ventral part of postpetiole (Fig. 61). In the shape of the ovipositor P. picus sp. nov. resembles Stethantyx crassa Horstmann, but may be distinguished from that species by fewer number of flagellomeres (Fig. 57), longer distance between propodeal spiracle and pleural carina (Fig. 59), and longer second metasomal tergite. Among Nearctic Tersilochinae, similar ovipositor is also known in Diaparsis nigella Horstmann, but in this species the ovipositor is much longer (sheath 2.8× as long as first tergite) and the second metasomal tergite is much shorter.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE87A8E56A6863FF0FFAB473D3FABB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2019): Mexican species of the genus Probles Förster (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tersilochinae). Zootaxa 4619 (2): 201-230, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4619.2.1
03AE87A8E568686DFF0FFACC77D2FB17.text	03AE87A8E568686DFF0FFACC77D2FB17.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Probles (Euporizon) spectabilis Khalaim & Ruíz-Cancino 2019	<div><p>10. Probles (Euporizon) spectabilis Khalaim &amp; Ruíz-Cancino, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 62–66)</p><p>Material examined. Holotype female (UAT), Mexico, Tamaulipas, NE of Miquihuana, km 22 from La Peña, 2800 m, pine forest, 16.VIII.2000, coll. D.R. Kasparyan.</p><p>Paratypes. MEXICO, Tamaulipas: 3 ♀ (UAT, UNAM, ZISP) same data as holotype . 1 ♀ (UAT) 6 km NE of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-99.7075&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=23.602083" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -99.7075/lat 23.602083)">Miquihuana</a>, 23°36.125’N, 99°42.45’W, 2200–2300 m, 24.X.2008, coll. A.I. Khalaim.</p><p>Description. Female. Body length 3.0 mm. Fore wing length 3.0 mm.</p><p>Head, in dorsal view, distinctly constricted and weakly rounded posterior to eyes (Fig. 64); gena 0.85–0.9× as long as eye width. Eyes with short setae (Fig. 64). Clypeus lenticular in front view, 3.3× as broad as long, flat or weakly convex centrally, with more or less distinct transverse ridges laterally, smooth in lower part and scabrous in upper part, with fine to rather strong punctures in upper part, separated from face by broad furrow. Palp formula 4+3. Mandible moderately slender, weakly tapered in basal half, distinctly punctate in basal 0.6–0.7; upper tooth somewhat longer than the lower. Malar space about as long as basal mandibular width (Fig. 63). Antennal flagellum (Fig. 63) moderately robust, with 21–23 flagellomeres (21 in holotype); mid flagellomeres 1.2–1.3× as long as broad, subapical flagellomeres quadrate or slightly elongate. Face with weak median prominence. Face granulate, dull, with inconspicuous punctures laterally. Frons granulate, impunctate, dull. Vertex finely granulate, dull or weakly shining, with very fine inconspicuous punctures. Gena very shallowly granulate, centrally almost smooth, weakly shining, with very fine punctures. Occipital carina complete.</p><p>Mesoscutum granulate, dull, with very fine inconspicuous punctures. Notaulus without distinct wrinkle on anterolateral side of mesoscutum, but with conspicuous deep impression distant from anterolateral margin of mesoscutum and crest before this impression. Scutellum with lateral longitudinal carinae in its front 0.2–0.3. Mesopleuron shallowly granulate peripherally and more or less smooth centrally, weakly shining, with very fine sparse punctures. Foveate groove (Fig. 65) thin, curved, situated in centre of mesopleuron, not reaching neither its front nor hind margin, with short transverse wrinkles. Propodeum granulate, impunctate, dull. Propodeal spiracle separated from pleural carina by 1.0–2.0× diameter of spiracle (Fig. 65). Basal area of propodeum narrow, 0.5–0.8× as long as apical area, with basal longitudinal carinae subparallel or weakly divergent anteriorly (sometimes indistinct); transverse carina with short adjacent wrinkles; apical area flat, widely rounded anteriorly; apical longitudinal carinae complete or incomplete (reaching or not reaching transverse carina anteriorly).</p><p>Fore wing with second recurrent vein (2m-cu) distinctly postfurcal. Intercubitus (2rs-m) short and thick, shorter than abscissa of cubitus between intercubitus and second recurrent vein (abscissa of M between 2rs-m and 2m-cu). First abscissa of radius (Rs+2r) almost straight, 1.2× as long as width of pterostigma. First and second abscissae of radius (Rs+2 r and Rs) meeting at right angle. Metacarpus (R1) not reaching apex of fore wing. Second abscissa of postnervulus present, almost completely enclosing brachial cell posteriorly. Hind wing with nervellus (cu1&amp;cu-a) slightly reclivous. Legs slender. Tarsal claws long, not pectinate.</p><p>First tergite 3.6× as long as posteriorly broad, in cross-section trapeziform centrally; in profile, with upper margin more or less evenly convex, sometimes with apical 0.3 somewhat stronger convex; postpetiole distinctly wider than petiole in dorsal view; first tergite mostly smooth, petiole partly with very shallow striae dorsally and laterally. Glymma deep, relatively large, situated in posterior 0.6 of tergite, joining by deep furrow to ventral part of postpetiole. Second tergite 1.4–1.5× as long as anteriorly broad. Thyridial depression sharp, about 1.5× as long as broad. Ovipositor weakly and evenly bent upwards, with shallow dorsal subapical depression (Fig. 66); sheath 1.8–2.2× as long as first tergite.</p><p>Head, mesosoma and first metasomal segment dark reddish brown to brownish black. Palpi, mandible (teeth red) and lower 0.4 of clypeus brownish yellow. Antenna brownish black, scape and pedicel ventrally yellow-brown. Tegula yellow. Wings hyaline. Pterostigma brown, with whitish markings in proximal and distal corners. Legs brownish yellow, hind coxa more or less darkened with brown. Metasoma posterior to first tergite brown ventrally to dark brown dorsally, sometimes with weak yellowish markings ventrally and on lateral sides.</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Etymology. The species is named after the Latin spectabilis (noteworthy, outstanding).</p><p>Distribution. Mexico (Tamaulipas).</p><p>Comparison. The new species differs from all other Mexican species of Probles by the combination of its robust antennae with short flagellomeres (Fig. 63), eyes with setae (Fig. 64) and short second tergite.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE87A8E568686DFF0FFACC77D2FB17	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2019): Mexican species of the genus Probles Förster (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tersilochinae). Zootaxa 4619 (2): 201-230, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4619.2.1
03AE87A8E566686FFF0FFB707384FD8B.text	03AE87A8E566686FFF0FFB707384FD8B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Probles (Euporizon) xalapana Khalaim & Ruíz-Cancino 2019	<div><p>11. Probles (Euporizon) xalapana Khalaim, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 67–70)</p><p>Material examined. Holotype female (UAT), Mexico, [State of] Veracruz, SW of Xalapa, park near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.93915&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.5128" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.93915/lat 19.5128)">Institute de Ecología</a>, 19°30.768’N, 96°56.349’W, 1260 m, 12–14.IV.2014, coll. A.I. Khalaim.</p><p>Paratype. MEXICO, Veracruz: 1 ♂ (UAT) same data as holotype .</p><p>Description. Female. Body length 3.25 mm. Fore wing length 2.7 mm.</p><p>Head, in dorsal view, roundly constricted posterior to eyes; gena 0.7× as long as eye width. Eyes glabrous. Clypeus broad, lenticular, 2.6× as long as broad, very weakly convex, with distinct and moderately dense punctures in upper 0.6, smooth in lower part and between punctures, separated from face by weak and shallow impression. Mandible very slender, weakly and evenly tapered, with upper tooth very long, 3.0× longer than the lower. Malar space almost half as long as basal mandibular width (Fig. 69). Antennal flagellum (Fig. 68) slender, tapered towards apex, with 16 flagellomeres; all flagellomeres (except basal and apical ones) 1.4–1.6× as long as broad. Face with weak median prominence and small median tubercle in upper part. Face and frons densely granulate, without distinct punctures, dull. Vertex granulate, with fine punctures (partly indistinct because of granulation), dull. Gena finely punctate, smooth centrally and shallowly granulate in upper and lower parts. Occipital carina complete.</p><p>Mesoscutum with very fine punctures on granulate background, dull. Notaulus with strong wrinkle on anterolateral side of mesoscutum (Fig. 69). Scutellum with lateral longitudinal carinae present in basal 0.25. Mesopleuron with fine and distinct punctures, very shallowly granulate and weakly shining centrally, granulate or uneven peripherally. Foveate groove (Fig. 69) situated in front half of mesopleuron, strongly oblique, thin, not reaching epicnemial carina anteriorly, with transverse wrinkles extending downwards. Propodeal spiracle separated from pleural carina by half diameter of spiracle (Fig. 69). Propodeum granulate, with very fine and sparse punctures, dull; basal area indistinct, with a pair close, subparallel, weak and partly obliterated carinae; basal part about 0.4× as as long as apical area; apical area, flat, evenly granulate and impunctate, anteriorly rounded; apical longitudinal carinae complete, distinctly divergent from posterior end of apical area towards transverse carina.</p><p>Fore wing with second recurrent vein (2m-cu) distinctly postfurcal. Intercubitus (2rs-m) moderately long, thick. First abscissa of radius (Rs+2r) straight, much longer than width of pterostigma. First and second abscissae of radius (Rs+2 r and Rs) meeting at slightly acute angle. Metacarpus (R1) almost reaching apex of fore wing. Second abscissa of postnervulus present, thus brachial cell is closed posteriorly. Hind wing with nervellus (cu1&amp;cu-a) slightly reclivous. Legs slender. Tarsal claws not pectinate.</p><p>First tergite 3.8× as long as posteriorly broad, entirely polished, round in cross-section centrally, with upper margin almost straight in basal 0.8 and convex in apical 0.2; postpetiole widened in dorsal view and clearly separated from petiole. Glymma deep, situated in posterior 0.65 of tergite, joining by thin and deep furrow to ventral part of postpetiole. Second tergite 1.55× as long as anteriorly broad. Thyridial depression 2.5× as long as broad. Ovipositor weakly and evenly bent upwards, with two dorsal subapical teeth and fine teeth ventrally (Fig. 70); sheath 1.8× as long as first tergite.</p><p>Head and mesosoma black with brownish tinge; clypeus brownish yellow in lower 0.4 and dark brown in upper 0.6; lower half of pronotum and upper front corner of mesopleuron reddish brown (Fig. 69). Palpi, mandible (teeth reddish) and tegula brownish yellow. Scape and pedicel of antenna brownish yellow, flagellum dark brown. Wings hyaline. Pterostigma brown. Legs yellow, hind tarsus infuscate. First metasomal segment brown. Metasoma posterior to first tergite predominantly brown, ventrally and posteriorly yellow.</p><p>Male. Antennal flagellum more or less filiform, with 16 flagellomeres. Propodeum with one (right) basal longitudinal carina distinct and another (left) represented by a short tubercle posteriorly, thus the propodeum seeming to have a single basal keel. Second tergite more slender. Head and mesosoma paler than in female, predominantly brown. Hind coxa slightly darkened with brown. Metasoma posterior to first tergite brown dorsally and yellow ventrally. Otherwise similar to female.</p><p>Etymology. The species is named after the type locality, Xalapa.</p><p>Distribution. Mexico (Veracruz).</p><p>Comparison. The new species is similar to P. belokobylskii sp. nov. as both have exceptionally long upper tooth of mandible, short antennae with 15–16 flagellomeres and very slender and smooth first metasomal segment with small glymma in apical 0.65, but differs from this species by postfurcal second recurrent vein (2m-cu), shorter malar space (Fig. 69), shorter distance between propodeal spiracle and pleural carina (Fig. 69) and longer ovipositor.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE87A8E566686FFF0FFB707384FD8B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2019): Mexican species of the genus Probles Förster (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tersilochinae). Zootaxa 4619 (2): 201-230, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4619.2.1
03AE87A8E5646869FF0FFD0B760AFF63.text	03AE87A8E5646869FF0FFD0B760AFF63.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Probles (Euporizon) zacapoaxtlana Khalaim & Ruíz-Cancino 2019	<div><p>12. Probles (Euporizon) zacapoaxtlana Khalaim, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 71–79)</p><p>Material examined. Holotype female (TAMU), Mexico, Puebla, 3.7 mi. S of Zacapoaxtla, 23.VII.1985, coll. J. Woolley &amp; G. Zolnerovich.</p><p>Paratypes. MEXICO, Morelos: 1 ♀ (UAT) Felipe Neri, 2270 m, 3.VIII.1996, coll. G. Peña.</p><p>Description. Female. Body length 3.7 mm. Fore wing length 3.2 mm.</p><p>Head, in dorsal view, distinctly constricted and weakly rounded posterior to eyes (Fig. 72); gena 0.85× as long as eye width. Eyes glabrous. Clypeus broad, 2.5× as long as broad, weakly convex in lateral view, with transverse impression in lower 0.3, with lower margin somewhat truncated, with distinct punctures on finely granulate background in upper 0.7 and smooth in lower 0.3, separated from face by distinct furrow. Palp formula 4+3. Mandible moderately slender, weakly tapered basally, with upper tooth somewhat longer than the lower. Malar space 0.8–1.0× as long as basal mandibular width. Antennal flagellum (Fig. 73) robust, clavate, with 21–24 flagellomeres; subbasal flagellomeres 1.7–1.9× as long as broad and subapical flagellomeres distinctly transverse. Face with weak median prominence in upper part. Face and frons distinctly granulate, finely punctate (punctures mostly indistinct because of granulation), dull. Vertex finely granulate and very finely punctate. Gena very shallowly granulate, centrally almost smooth, weakly shining, with very fine inconspicuous punctures. Occipital carina complete. Hypostomal carina absent.</p><p>Mesosoma almost entirely granulate, almost impunctate, partly with very inconspicuous (because of granulation) punctures, dull; in holotype mesopleuron centrally (above foveate groove) smooth and shining, with fine but distinct punctures. Notaulus absent (Fig. 72). Scutellum with lateral longitudinal carinae present in front 0.3. Foveate groove weakly oblique, almost straight, thin, with short transverse wrinkles, extending in front 0.8 of mesopleuron in holotype (short and situated in centre of mesopleuron in paratype). Propodeal spiracle separated from pleural carina by 0.5–1.0× diameter of spiracle. Propodeum in holotype mediodorsally with weak basal keel and fine longitudinal wrinkles, in paratype keel is almost completely obliterated (Fig. 74); basal part about 0.6× as long as apical area; apical area flat, densely granulate, anteriorly narrowly rounded in holotype and widely rounded in paratype (Fig. 74); apical longitudinal carinae complete in holotype and obliterated anteriorly in paratype.</p><p>Fore wing with second recurrent vein (2m-cu) postfurcal. Intercubitus (2rs-m) long, weakly thickened, about as long as abscissa of cubitus between intercubitus and second recurrent vein (abscissa of M between 2rs-m and 2mcu). First abscissa of radius (Rs+2r) almost straight, longer than width of pterostigma. First and second abscissae of radius (Rs+2 r and Rs) meeting at right angle. Metacarpus (R1) not reaching apex of fore wing. Second abscissa of postnervulus present, thus brachial cell is closed posteriorly. Hind wing (Fig. 75) with nervellus (cu1&amp;cu-a) slightly reclivous, subvertical. Legs slender. Tarsal claws not pectinate, strongly curved at apex.</p><p>First tergite 2.9× as long as posteriorly broad, with upper margin in lateral view rather evenly convex, with slight concavity in apical 0.6 (Fig. 77); petiole almost entirely striate laterally and dorsally (dorsally smooth at base), posteriorly very shallowly sculptured basally and smooth posteriorly; postpetiole weakly widened in dorsal view (Fig. 78). Glymma deep, situated in posterior 0.6 of tergite, joining by distinct furrow to ventral part of postpetiole (Fig. 77). Second tergite about 1.2× as long as anteriorly broad (Fig. 78). Thyridial depression oval, 1.5× as long as broad, with posterior end rounded (Fig. 78). Ovipositor short and robust, weakly bent upwards (stronger upcurved at apex), with shallow dorsal subapical depression (Fig. 79); sheath 1.1–1.3× as long as first tergite. Head, mesosoma and first metasomal tergite black; clypeus yellow-brown in lower 0.4. Palpi and mandible (teeth reddish to reddish black) yellow to brownish yellow. Scape and pedicel of antenna brownish yellow to brown; flagellum black, basally brownish. Tegula brownish. Wings slightly infumate with brown. Pterostigma brown. In holotype legs brownish yellow; all coxae extensively darkened with brown (hind coxa brownish black), yellowish at apex; all trochanters yellow; fore and mid femora centrally brownish; hind femur brown, yellowish at extreme base and apex; hind tibia and tarsus brownish. In paratype legs uniformly brownish yellow with only hind coxa brown and hind tarsus fuscous. Metasoma posterior to first tergite predominantly dark brown, yellow-brown ventrally; second tergite dorsally with brownish yellow transverse band on hind margin (Fig. 78). Male. Unknown. Etymology. The species is named after the type locality, Zacapoaxtla. Distribution. Mexico (Morelos, Puebla). Comparison. The new species differs from all other Mexican species of Probles by its strongly clavate antenna with subapical flagellomeres distinctly transverse (Fig. 73), and short second metasomal tergite (Fig. 78).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE87A8E5646869FF0FFD0B760AFF63	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2019): Mexican species of the genus Probles Förster (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tersilochinae). Zootaxa 4619 (2): 201-230, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4619.2.1
