identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03A3282DC15BA66CFE35A64DFBE560AD.text	03A3282DC15BA66CFE35A64DFBE560AD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Loxopus Townes 1970	<div><p>Loxopus Townes, 1970</p><p>(Figures 1–8)</p><p>Loxopus Townes, 1970, 238, 255–256, 470. Description, figure, keyed. Type species: Loxopus australis Townes, by monotypy and original designation.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Apical margin of clypeus laterally projecting as delicate to distinct triangular lobes (Figure 2A,B); mesosoma matt and densely covered with short pilosity; epomia short and delicate; lateral lobe of t4 much longer (at least 1.5×) than mesal lobe (Figure 2D); posterior transverse carina of propodeum forming weak but distinct sublateral crests; fore wing cell 1 + 2Rs (areolet) small, open, vein 3r-m absent; hind wing vein M + Cu subapically strongly arched; vein 2-1A almost always absent or vestigial (Figure 2C).</p><p>Female</p><p>Fore wing 3.38–6.45 mm long. Head. Mandible of moderate length, MLW 1.33–2.02, its apex distinctly narrower than base, MWW 0.47–0.59, dorsal tooth slightly longer and more robust than ventral one. Malar space from narrow to wide, MSM 0.47– 0.65. Clypeus moderately wide, CWH 1.58–1.81, trapezoidal, CWW 1.42–2.09; in profile, distinctly convex; apical margin convex, without median teeth, laterally projected sublaterally into delicate triangular lobes (Figure 3B); clypeal fovea large, rounded, connected to compound eye by delicate sulcus. Antenna with 20–27 flagellomeres; just beyond middle with a distinct, wide white band; subapical flagellomeres slightly thicker than basal ones, never flattened. Supra-antennal area near ocelli slightly convex, ventrally concave, densely punctulate; medially with delicate median longitudinal line. Occipital carina sharp, complete, meeting hypostomal carina above base of mandible.</p><p>Thorax. Generally matt and densely covered with dense and short pilosity. Dorsal margin of pronotum regular, not swollen; epomia short and delicate, divergent from pronotal collar. Mesoscutum subcircular, finely punctate; notaulus weakly impressed, in dorsal view distinct approximately on anterior 0.4 of mesoscutum; mesoscutum surface over notaulus with weak transverse wrinkles. Epicnemial carina restricted to ventral 0.5–0.8 of mesopleuron; sternaulus complete, weakly sinuous, striate, moderately impressed, weaker at posterior 0.35; median portion of posterior transverse carina of the mesothoracic venter short, straight. Hind margin of metanotum with small tooth-like projection; transverse furrow at base of propodeum narrow and moderately deep, with faint to distinct transverse striae. Pleural carina absent, or sometimes vestigial, often apparently present because of sculpture</p><p>Figure 3. (A) L. australis; (B) L. dodecius; (C) L. duckei; (D) L. exius .</p><p>patterns of propodeum and metapleuron; juxtacoxal carina absent. Foretibia of female regular, not swollen; all t4 bilobed, lateral lobe at least 1.5 × as long as mesal lobe (Figure 2D).</p><p>Propodeum. Moderately short, 1.11–1.36 × as long as wide, matt, uniformly punctate, moderately pilose, pilosity denser laterally. Anterior margin medially straight or slightly concave. Spiracle elliptic, SWL 1.33–1.64, Anterior transverse carina complete, sharp, medially slightly to distinctly curved forward; distance from anterior transverse carina to anterior margin as long as that to posterior transverse carina. Posterior transverse carina usually complete, its median portion arched forward and usually weaker or sometimes obsolescent, sublaterally forming distinct but weak crests or flanges.</p><p>Figure 4. (A) L. ichilus; (B) L. multicolor; (C) L. tenuis; (D) L. venezuelanus .</p><p>Wings (Figure 2C). Hyaline, fore wing length 4.20–5.20 mm, usually with brownish spot covering apical part of cells 2 + 3M (Townes’ second discoidal) and 1 + 2R (Townes’ discocubital). Fore wing vein 1-Rs + M with bulla placed basally; ramellus absent; crossvein 1cu-a forming distinct obtuse angle with M + Cu, arising basad or opposite of base of 1M + Rs; crossvein 2cu-a nearly as long as vein 2-Cu; vein 4-Rs approximately straight; cell 1 + 2Rs (areolet) small, APH 0.47–0.68, pentagonal, approximately as wide as high, AWH 0.94–1.13, open (3r-m not differentiated); veins 3-M and 4-M nebulous or spectral, 4-M distinctly longer than 4-Rs. Hind wing vein M + Cu subapically strongly convex; vein 1-Cu slightly to distinctly longer than crossvein 1cu-a, HW1C 1.18–2.00; crossvein 1r-m with bulla on posterior portion; vein 2-1A usually absent or vestigial, in one species sometimes distinct and reaching as much as 0.7 of distance to posterior margin.</p><p>Metasoma. T1 of moderate length, 0.35–0.40 × as long as combined length of T2–8, slender, T1LW 2.00–2.40, moderately triangular, T1WW 2.04–2.67, matt, with distinct basolateral tooth; spiracle on apical 0.4, not prominent; dorsolateral carina complete but usually delicate; median dorsal carina absent, ventrolateral carina distinct. Thyridium subcircular. T7–8 about as long as T5–6. OST 0.57–0.75; ovipositor thick, stout, slightly downcurved or approximately straight; basal half almost cylindrical, apical half laterally weakly compressed, progressively tapered; dorsal valve with nodus absent or very weak; ventral valve tip with distinct, though sometimes weak, teeth.</p><p>Males</p><p>Generally similar to the respective females. Morphological secondary sexual differences are usually more or less uniform within Cryptini, as noted by Santos and Aguiar (2013), and apply to the males of Loxopus as follows. General body size usually smaller than respective females. Antenna with 24–26 flagellomeres (body-size related), each flagellomere usually shorter and wider than in females; white band of flagellum starting more apically and usually covering more articles than in females of the same species. Transverse furrow usually slightly longer than in female. Propodeum smaller, less strongly convex, sublateral crests usually less distinct than in female (Figure 7F). Spiracle of propodeum usually circular or weakly elongate, SWL 1.00–1.50. Brownish spot on fore wing absent. First metasomal segment more slender, with T1LW around 2.6 (2.10–3.11), and less widened apically, with T1WW around 1.6 (1.41–1.79). T2–7 much more slender than in females.</p><p>Comments</p><p>All species of Loxopus are very similar in sculpturing, biometric ratios and colour pattern, usually being recognized by slight but distinctive features, particularly in the colour pattern. All of them agree well with the original definition of the genus. The unequal lobes of t4, hind wing vein 2-1A indistinct and the triangular projections at the margin of the clypeus suffice to distinguish Loxopus from all other Neotropical genera of Cryptinae. The projections on the clypeal margin, though, are usually quite inconspicuous and need to be examined under high magnification and proper lighting. The taxa described herein should run properly in the key provided by Townes (1970) for the world genera of Goryphina, except for the specimens of L. duckei sp. nov. that have a developed vein 2-1A (‘brachiella’ of Townes). In the ninth couplet of the key, the character ‘brachiella absent, or present and short, not reaching more than half the distance to wing margin’ could lead the user to the Afrotropical genus Bozakites Seyrig, though that is not the only character of the couplet. The available description and illustrations of Bozakites, however, should suffice to distinguish any species of Loxopus from it.</p><p>Sampling and biodiversity</p><p>The vast majority of the specimens examined in this work were collected with Moericke (yellow pan) traps, mostly as part of an extensive program of field trips that also used several Malaise traps, in the same sites and during the same period. This is in agreement with the findings by Aguiar and Santos (2010), suggesting that Moericke traps outperform Malaise traps in collecting many cryptine taxa, including Loxopus . The strong sex bias towards females observed herein is also in agreement with the results yielded by Moericke traps in Aguiar and Santos (2010). The collection of 41 specimens of L. australis in two days in Anchieta, Brazil, with a total effort of 720 trap-days (unpublished data) is particularly remarkable. This sampling success (one specimen for every 17.6 trap-days) contrasts with the few specimens reported in the literature so far, and may support the idea that Loxopus is a rather abundant group.</p><p>Biology</p><p>Unknown.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Mexico, Costa Rica, Trinidad, Venezuela, Ecuador, Brazil (AM, PA, PI, MT, MG, ES, RJ, SP, PR, SC) and Bolivia (Figure 8).</p><p>Key to the females of species of Loxopus</p><p>The following key can be tentatively used to determine males, but as male specimens are unknown for half of the species, its efficiency cannot be thoroughly assessed.</p><p>1 T3 mostly ferruginous or dark brown, sometimes with whitish lateral marks .......................................................................................................... 2</p><p>– T3 mostly white, sometimes with anterior brown or blackish semicircular mark ........................................................................................................... 4</p><p>2(1) T4 mostly white; postscutellum ferruginous (Figure 3B); antenna with 26–27 flagellomeres; fore wing length 5.1–6.4 mm ............. Loxopus dodecius sp. nov.</p><p>– T4 entirely ferruginous or almost so; postscutellum whitish; antenna with 23–25 flagellomeres; fore wing length 3.8–5.3 mm ................................................... 3</p><p>3(2) Mesoscutum entirely ferruginous (Figure 3A); anterior margin of mesopleuron ferruginous (Figures 1, 7D); T2–3 usually with lateral whitish marks (Figures 1, 3A) ........................................ Loxopus australis Townes</p><p>– Mesoscutum black with central whitish mark; anterior margin of mesopleuron blackish; T2–3 entirely ferruginous ................................................................... .................................................. Loxopus unicolor Kasparyan et Ruíz-Cancino</p><p>4(1) Orbital band complete, gena light yellow or whitish along posterior margin of eye .................................................................................................................. 5</p><p>– Orbital band widely interrupted, gena mostly blackish or brown along posterior margin of eye ................................................................................................. 6</p><p>5(4) Posterior transverse carina of propodeum represented only by distinct, conical crests, elsewhere indistinct; T1 black with posterior whitish stripe; S4–6 whitish; all coxae with blackish marks, hind trochanter and femur laterally marked with black (Figure 4B) .................. Loxopus multicolor Kasparyan et Ruíz-Cancino</p><p>– Posterior transverse carina of propodeum complete, medially arched forwards, sublaterally forming distinct but delicate crests; T1 ferruginous with posterior whitish stripe (Figure 4D); S4–6 brown; all coxae and hind trochanters and femur without blackish marks ........................... Loxopus venezuelanus sp. nov.</p><p>6(5) Mesopleuron ventrally with distinct whitish mark; mesosternum with blackish marks (Figure 7G); T4–6 ferruginous (Figure 3D); dorsal margin of pronotum with whitish stripe ......................................................... Loxopus exius sp. nov.</p><p>– Mesopleuron and mesosternum entirely ferruginous, without whitish or blackish marks; T4–6 dark brown or blackish; dorsal margin of pronotum without whitish stripe .................................................................................................. 7</p><p>7(6) Ovipositor with weak nodus (Figure 6C); supra-clypeal area whitish, without dark marks; T1 mostly ferruginous, without blackish portions (Figure 4C) ..... ...................................................................................... Loxopus tenuis sp. nov.</p><p>– Ovipositor without a distinct nodus; supra-clypeal area with brownish or blackish marks; T1 at least partially blackish ................................................ 8</p><p>8(7) Fore wing with distinct brownish mark covering apical part of cells 2 + 3M and 1 + 2R; subalar ridge moderately wide, elliptic, light yellow (Figure 7E); T4–6 without lateral whitish marks (Figure 4A); hind wing vein 2-1A absent .......... ..................................................................................... Loxopus ichilus sp. nov.</p><p>– Fore wing without distinct brownish mark; subalar ridge very narrow, dashlike, ferruginous or whitish (Figure 7C); T4–6 with lateral whitish marks; hind wing vein 2-1A sometimes present .............................. Loxopus duckei sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A3282DC15BA66CFE35A64DFBE560AD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Santos, Bernardo F.;Aguiar, Alexandre P.	Santos, Bernardo F., Aguiar, Alexandre P. (2014): Review of Loxopus Townes (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae), with descriptions of six new species. Journal of Natural History 49 (31): 1905-1935, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2014.976669
03A3282DC151A669FED5A4B1FBBD6271.text	03A3282DC151A669FED5A4B1FBBD6271.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Loxopus australis Townes 1970	<div><p>Loxopus australis Townes (Figures 1, 2C–D, 3A, 5A, 7D, 8A)</p><p>Loxopus australis Townes, 1970: 255–256, 470. Description, figure. Holotype ♀ (AEIC, not examined). Type data: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Nova Teutonia, 30 June 1946, F. Plaumann</p><p>Loxopus australis: Yu and Horstmann, 1997: 266 . Listed.</p><p>Loxopus australis: Yu et al. 2005 . Listed.</p><p>Female</p><p>Fore wing 5.20 mm long. Head. Antenna with 25 flagellomeres. CWH 1.81, CWW 1.52. MLW 1.67, MWW 0.53. MSM 0.62. Median line on supra-antennal area distinct. Mesosoma . Pronotum with weak, short transverse striae along posterior margin of collar, from laterocentral area to ventral corner. Scutellar carina in dorsolateral view distinct on the anterior 0.4–0.5 of scutellum. Subalar ridge moderately wide, elliptic; epicnemial carina restricted to ventral 0.8 of mesopleuron, its ventral 0.3 arched forwards, upwards almost straight. Transverse furrow at base of propodeum with distinct striae. Metapleuron finely punctate; juxtacoxal and pleural carinae absent. Fourth tarsomeres lateral lobe 2.8 × as long as mesal lobe. Anterior margin of propodeum medially approximately straight; SWL 1.46; posterior transverse carina complete, medially weaker and moderately arched forward, sublaterally forming distinct but weak crests. Fore wing vein 1-Rs + M straight, continuous with crossvein 1m-cu, crossvein 1m-cu uniformly curved; crossvein 1cu-a arising close, a little basad, to base of 1M + Rs; crossvein 2cu-a and 2-Cu angled; bulla of crossvein 2m-cu placed on ventral 0.5; APH 0.56; AWH 1.05. Hind wing vein 2-1A absent; HW1C 1.44. Metasoma. T1LW 2.00; T1WW 2.50; T1 approximately rounded ventrolaterally; dorsolateral carina complete but weak; ventrolateral carina absent. T2LW 0.86; T2WW 1.8; T2–8 sparsely pilose, finely punctate. OST 0.6; ovipositor slightly downcurved; dorsal valve without nodus, with distinct preapical notch; ventral valve with six oblique ridges (Figure 5A).</p><p>Colour. Head black and whitish; mesosoma, legs and metasoma ferruginous. Head: black; scape dorsally dark brown (105,079,055), ventrally ferruginous; pedicel with elongate white spot, remainder of pedicel and first flagellomeres brown, getting darker toward apex, apical segments black; dorsal portion of f6–9 white; supraclypeal area, clypeus, mouth parts, base of mandible and malar space, lower 0.5 of gena and orbital band on supra-antennal area and vertex, whitish (230,215,188); apex of mandible blackish. Mesosoma: ferruginous (137,116,079); propleuron, collar, short dash on dorsal margin of pronotum, tegula and subalar ridge, dorsal division of metapleuron, usually apical 0.4 of metapleuron, transverse marks over propodeal crests, whitish; postscutellum lighter than body. Legs: ferruginous, generally slightly darker towards apex; fore and mid coxae and trochanter white, mid trochanter with fore and hind black spots on base and white spot on apex; mid trochantellus and hind trochanter and trochantellus marked whitish and dark brown; apical tarsi dark brown; hind coxa with fore and hind portions white, lateral part with broad stripe which is ferruginous on base and darker towards apex and hind part. Wings hyaline, fore wing with dark spot covering apical part of cells 2 + 3M and 1 + 2R1. Metasoma: ferruginous; apical 0.2 of T1, buff lateral areas on T2–4 (larger in T3) and median dorsal areas on T7–8 white; T2–3 sometimes fuscous (221,157,113) apically; ovipositor reddish orange (110,061,031); sheaths dark brown.</p><p>Male</p><p>Similar to female, except for the following: fore wing 4.40–5.10 mm; mandible more strongly triangular; antenna with 24–25 flagellomeres; apical transverse carina of propodeum placed more apically than in female, not forming sublateral crest; flagellum without white band, apical white stripe at T1 weak or absent, and T7–8 not white dorsally. SWL 1.00–1.33; T1LW 2.78–3.11; T1WW 1.41–1.57. Variation in pattern of white marks apply as in females.</p><p>Variation</p><p>Fore wing 3.92–5.32 mm long. Antenna with 23–25 flagellomeres; pedicel sometimes without dorsal white spot; f10–11 and apical half of f5 and f12 sometimes white; first flagellomere ranging from light to dark brown; pronotum posteriorly sometimes with sparse blackish areas; scutellum whitish on some specimens; propodeum sometimes with sparse blackish marks. Tones of ferruginous of the body vary from very light, yellowish, to dark, brownish; this might be at least partially related to specimen conservation and age. Mesopleuron sometimes with pale to distinct whitish mark; whitish mark on metapleuron varying from white and distinct to almost indistinct, sometimes represented by a buff, slightly paler area (Figure 7D). Postscutellum sometimes completely white. Specimens from southern Brazil usually with more evident whitish spots on mesopleuron and metapleuron. Darker specimens with more extensive dark spots on hind coxa and sometimes with sparse blackish spots on mesoscutum and T2.</p><p>Comments</p><p>Readily recognizable by having all tergites of the metasoma mostly ferruginous, with lateral whitish marks, and sometimes with sparse blackish areas. Further isolated from all other species of the genus by the following combination of characters: supraclypeal area whitish, without blackish spots; lower 0.5 of gena whitish; postscutellum whitish; fourth tarsomeres lateral lobe 2.8 × as long as mesal lobe; dorsal valve of ovipositor without distinct nodus; ventral valve with six distinct teeth. Loxopus australis seems to be by far the commonest species of the genus, and possibly for that reason also the most variable in colour pattern.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>116 ♀♀, 14 ♂♂. Paratype: 1 ♂ from BRAZIL, Santa Catarina, Nova Teutônia, 5 December 1948, F. Plaumann (AEIC). Other specimens: TRINIDAD: 1 ♀ from 8 km Arima Simla Reserve Station, 260 m, lower montane rainforest, 24 June–8 July 1993, Malaise trap, S. Peck &amp; J. Peck, 93–56 (CNCI). BRAZIL: Piauí: 2 ♀♀ from Ribeirão Gonçalves, Estação Ecológica Uruçuí Una, 17–23 June 1984, V. Graf (DZUP). Mato Grosso: 1 ♀ from Chapada dos Guimarães, 18–20 November 1983, Polonoroeste, Malaise trasp, Departamento de Zoologia UFPR (DZUP). Minas Gerais: 1 ♂ Minas Gerais, Parque Estadual do Rio Doce, Trilha do Vinhático 2, Mata secundária alta, 24 October 2002, Malaise, J.C.R. Fontenelle leg. (UFES). Espírito Santo: 4 ♀♀ from Anchieta, Eucalipto-Macega [ Eucalyptus and pasture], Pt. 1, 28–29 July 2008, yellow pan traps, A.P. Aguiar et al.; 1 ♀, same data except Pt. 2; 3 ♀♀, same data except Mata: afloramento rochoso [forest in rocky outcrop], Pt. 2, 28–29 July 2008; 2 ♀♀, same data except Pt. 3; 2 ♀♀, same data except Pt. 2, 29–30 July 2008; 1 ♀, same data except Pt. 4; 5 ♀♀, same data except Pt. 5; 6 ♀♀ 1 ♂, same data except Mata Estágio Avançado de regenetação [forest in advanced state regeneration], Pt. 01, 28–29 July 2008; 10 ♀♀, same data except Pt. 02; 2 ♀♀, same data except Pt. 3; 3 ♀♀, same data except Pt. 4; 4 ♀♀, same data except Pt. 5. 1 ♀ from Cariacica, Reserva Biológica de Duas Bocas, 26–27 April 2005, Pt. 1, yellow pan traps, A.P. Aguiar et al.; 1 ♀, same data except 27–28 April 2005; 1 ♀, same data except Pt. 5, 29–30 April 2005; 1 ♀, same data except Pt. 10, 30 April–1 April 2005; 1 ♀, Pt. 1, same data except 2–3 May 2005; 2 ♀♀, same data except 16–17 September 2006, Malaise trap, R. Kawada; 1 ♀, same data except Pau Amarelo, 22–24 October 2005, yellow pan traps, Pt. 11. 1 ♀ from Guarapari, Parque Estadual Paulo César Vinha, 20°36 ′ S, 40°25 ′ W, 4 m, Pt. 14, 8–15 May 2006, yellow pan traps, R. Kawada et al.; 1 ♀, same data except Pt. 16; 1 ♀, same data except Pt. 21; 1 ♀, same data except Pt. 95; 1 ♀, same data except Pt. 96; 1 ♀, same data except Pt. 8, 2–9 November 2006, Malaise trap, B. Araújo &amp; M. Santos; 1 ♀, same data except Pt. 2, 9–16 November 2006; 1 ♀, same data except Pt. 5, 2–10 December 2006. 1 ♀ from Santa Maria Jetibá, Fazenda Clarindo Kruger, 20°04 ′ 27.9 ″ S 40°44 ′ 51.3 ″ W, 29 November–6 December 2002, Malaise T6, M. Tavares et al. 2 ♀♀ from Santa Teresa, Estação Biológica Santa Lúcia, 9 May 2006 YPT, MTavares, C. Azevedo et al.; 3 ♀♀, same data except 9–13 May 2006 (UFES). Rio de Janeiro: 1 ♀ from Guanabara [currently state of Rio da Janeiro], Represa do Rio Grande, June 1966, M. Alvarenga (AEIC). São Paulo: 1 ♀ from São Roque, Alto da Serra, 12 February 1991, yellow pan traps, M.T. Tavares (UFES). Paraná: 1 ♀ from Antonina, 20 July 2987, Malaise trap, Profaupar. 1 ♀ from Guarapuava, Estação de Águas Santa Clara, 11 August 1986; 1 ♂, same data except 8 September 1986; 1 ♂, same data except 15 September 1986; 2 ♂♂, same data except 6 October 1986; 1 ♀, same data except 13 October 1986; 1 ♀, same data except 20 October 1986; 1 ♂, same data except 5 January 1987; 1 ♀, same data except 6 April 1987; 1 ♀ from Guaratuba, 23– 30 October 1976, [trap unknown] Bernadete. 1 ♂ from Ilha do Mel, Praia Grande, 15 January 1989, R. Dutra. 2 ♀♀ from Jundiaí do Sul, Fazenda Monte Verde, 11 August 1986, Malaise trap, Profaupar; 1 ♀, same data except 22 September 1986; 3 ♀♀, same data except 13 October 1986; 1 ♀ same data except 20 October 1986; 1 ♂, same data except 3 November 1986; 1 ♀, same data except 24 November 1986. 1 ♀ from Ponta Grossa (Vila Velha), Reserva IAPAR Br376, 4 October 1986, lamp; 1 ♀, same data except 6 October 1986, Malaise trap; 1 ♀, same data except 2 March 1987. 1 ♀ from Telêmaco Borba, Reserva Samuel Klabin, 11 August 1986 (DZUP). Santa Catarina: 1 ♂ from Nova Teutônia, 300–500 m, 4 October 1938, F. Plaumann, B. M.1938-682; 1 ♀, same data except 9 December 1938, B.M.1938-312 (BMNH); 1 ♀, same data except 15 July 1948; 1 ♀, same data except 6 August 1948; 1 ♀, same data except 30 August 1948; 1 ♂, same data except 1 September 1948; 1 ♀, same data except 5 November 1958; 1 ♀, same data except February 1966; 2 ♀♀, same data except July 1967 (CNCI); 1 ♀, same data except September 1967; 3 ♀♀, same data except October 1967; 2 ♀♀, same data except December 1967 (DZUP); 1 ♀, same data except February 1968; 2 ♀♀, same data except November 1968; 3 ♀♀ 2 ♂♂, same data except December 1968; 2 ♀♀, same data except March 1969; 1 ♀, same data except April 1969; 1 ♀, same data except November 1958 – February 1966 (CNCI).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Trinidad and Brazil (PI, MT, ES, SP, PR, SC) (Figure 8A). The vast majority of the records are from the rainforests of southern and south-eastern Brazil, but this might be merely a consequence of more intense sampling effort in those areas.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A3282DC151A669FED5A4B1FBBD6271	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Santos, Bernardo F.;Aguiar, Alexandre P.	Santos, Bernardo F., Aguiar, Alexandre P. (2014): Review of Loxopus Townes (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae), with descriptions of six new species. Journal of Natural History 49 (31): 1905-1935, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2014.976669
03A3282DC155A676FF6AA0E0FDA564E5.text	03A3282DC155A676FF6AA0E0FDA564E5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Loxopus dodecius Santos et Aguiar 2014	<div><p>Loxopus dodecius Santos et Aguiar, sp. nov. (Figures 2B, 3B, 5B, 7A, 7F, 8B)</p><p>Female</p><p>Fore wing 5.88 mm long. Head (Figure 7A). Antenna with 26 flagellomeres. CWH 1.71; CWW 1.67. MLW 2.02; MWW 0.50. MSM 0.64. Median line on supraantennal area faint, almost indistinct. Mesosoma . Pronotum with distinct, short striae along posterior margin of collar, from laterocentral area to ventral corner. Scutellar carina in lateral view distinct on the anterior 0.3–0.4 of scutellum. Subalar ridge very narrow, dash-like; epicnemial carina restricted to ventral 0.70 of mesopleuron, irregular. Transverse furrow at base of propodeum with distinct striae. Metapleuron finely punctate; juxtacoxal and pleural carinae absent. Fourth tarsomeres lateral lobe 2.8 × as long as mesal lobe. Anterior margin of propodeum medially weakly concave; SWL 1.64; posterior transverse carina complete, medially moderately arched forward, sublaterally forming weak but distinct crests. Fore wing vein 1-Rs + M approximately straight, crossvein 1m-cu uniformly and slightly curved, shorter than 1- Rs + M, limit between veins almost indistinct; crossvein 1cu-a arising basad of base of 1M + Rs by about 0.3 of its own length; veins 2cu-a and 2-Cu aligned; bulla of crossvein 2m-cu placed on ventral 0.5; APH 0.51; AWH 1.09. Hind wing vein 2-1A absent; HW1C 1.18. Metasoma. T1LW 2.38; T1WW 2.29; T1 approximately rounded ventrolaterally; dorsolateral carina complete, moderately strong, weaker anteriorly; ventrolateral carina absent. T2LW 0.82; T2WW 2.26; T2–8 sparsely pilose, finely punctate. OST 0.6; ovipositor slightly downcurved; dorsal valve without nodus, preapical notch present but very weak; ventral valve tip with 12 oblique ridges (Figure 5B).</p><p>Colour. Head black and whitish, mesosoma and legs ferruginous, metasoma dark brown and white. Head: black; scape dorsally dark brown (102,067,048), ventrally ferruginous; pedicel with elongate white spot, remainder of pedicel and first flagellomeres brown, getting darker toward apex; dorsal portion of f5–11 and apex of f12 white; supra-clypeal area, clypeus, mouth parts, base of mandible and malar space, gena and orbital band on supra-antennal area and vertex, whitish (238,224,200); apex of mandible blackish. Mesosoma: ferruginous (125,073,047); propleuron, collar, short dash on dorsal margin of pronotum, tegula and subalar ridge, ventral 0.5 of mesopleuron, apical 0.4 of scutellum, dorsal division of metapleuron, apical 0.4 of metapleuron, transverse marks over propodeal crests whitish. Legs: ferruginous, generally darker towards apex; fore and mid coxae and trochanter white, mid trochanter with fore and hind black spots; apical tarsomeres brown; hind coxa with fore and hind portions white, lateral part with broad, dark brown mark; hind femur ferruginous, ventrally whitish; tarsomeres 2–4 white, apical one dark brown. Wings hyaline, fore wing with dark spot covering apical part of cells 2 + 3M and 1 + 2R. Metasoma: T1 ferruginous, apical 0.3 white; T2–3 dark brown, lighter apically, with buff whitish areas laterally; T4 whitish; T5–8 ferruginous, T7 with white apical stripe; ovipositor reddish orange (116,069,034); sheaths dark brown.</p><p>Male</p><p>Similar to female, except for the following: antenna with 25 flagellomeres, with or without white band (n = 2); fore wing 4.12–5.26 mm; 1cu-a ending closer to base of 1M + Rs; posterior transverse carina of propodeum almost straight and not forming sublateral crests; spiracle on T1 slightly prominent; SWL 1.33–1.50; T1LW 3.68–3.11; T1WW 1.41–1.50.</p><p>Variation</p><p>Fore wing 5.10–6.35 mm long. Antenna with 26–27 flagellomeres; gena sometimes dorsally blackish, but never reaching anterior margin of eye; area in front of anterior transverse carina of propodeum sometimes dark, blackish; brown areas of metasoma sometimes darker, blackish, always darker basally.</p><p>Comments</p><p>Very similar to L. exius sp. nov., from which it can be differentiated mainly by having 12 teeth on the ventral valve of the ovipositor (versus six), and by the colour pattern of the mesosoma, with T2 having white areas laterally (versus entirely dark brown), T3 dark brown (vs. white), and T4 white (versus dark ferruginous). Additionally distinguished from L. exius by the gena mostly white (versus completely black), scutellar carina distinct only on anterior 0.3–0.4 of scutellum (versus 0.5–1.0), and dorsolateral carina of T1 moderately strong (versus weak).</p><p>Etymology</p><p>Latinized form of the Greek dodeka, meaning twelve; in reference to the 12 teeth in the lower valve of the ovipositor.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>24 ♀♀, 2 ♂♂. Holotype ♀ from BRAZIL, Espírito Santo, Cariacica, Reserva Biológica de Duas Bocas, Pau Amarelo, Pt. 14, 25–27 October 2005, yellow pan traps, A.P. Aguiar et al. (UFES). Mounted on triangle point. In good shape.</p><p>Paratypes: BRAZIL: Minas Gerais: 1 ♂ from Parque Estadual do Rio Doce, Trilha do Vinhático, mata secundária alta [high secondary forest] Pt. 2, 24 October 2002, Malaise trap, J.C.R. Fontenelle. Espírito Santo: 1 ♀ from Cariacica, Reserva Biológica de Duas Bocas, Pt. 1, 25–26 April 2005, yellow pan traps, A.P. Aguiar et al; 1 ♀, same data except Pt. 5, 29–30 April 2005, 1 ♀, same data except Pau Amarelo, Pt. 12, 23–25 October 2005; 2 ♀♀, same data except Pt. 13; 3 ♀♀, same data except Pt. 17; 1 ♀, same data except Pt. 3, 26–28 October 2005; 1 ♀, same data except Pt. 21, 27–29 October 2005. 1 ♀ from Guarapari, Parque Estadual Paulo César Vinha, 20°36 ′ S, 40°25 ′ W, 4 m, Pt. 5, 8–15 May 2006, R. Kawada; 1 ♀, same data except Pt. 35; 1 ♂, same data except Pt. Clusia 40; 2 ♀♀, same data except Pt. 66; 1 ♂, same data except Pt. 2, 9–16 November 2006, Malaise trap, B. Araújo and M. Santos; 1 ♀, same data except Pt. 8; 1 ♀ from Santa Maria de Jetibá, Fazenda Clarindo Kruger, Pt. T6, 29 November–6 December 2002, Malaise trap, M.T. Tavares. 2 ♀♀ Santa Teresa, Estação Biológica de Santa Lúcia, 9 May 2008, yellow pan traps, M. Tavares, C. Azevedo et al; 3 ♀♀, same data except 9–13 May 2006. Rio de Janeiro: 1 ♀ from Guanabara [currently state of Rio da Janeiro], Represa do Rio Grande, VI.1966, Alvarenga (AEIC).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Brazil (MG, ES, RJ) (Figure 8B).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A3282DC155A676FF6AA0E0FDA564E5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Santos, Bernardo F.;Aguiar, Alexandre P.	Santos, Bernardo F., Aguiar, Alexandre P. (2014): Review of Loxopus Townes (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae), with descriptions of six new species. Journal of Natural History 49 (31): 1905-1935, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2014.976669
03A3282DC14BA674FF32A169FD3564E5.text	03A3282DC14BA674FF32A169FD3564E5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Loxopus duckei Santos et Aguiar 2014	<div><p>Loxopus duckei Santos et Aguiar, sp. nov. (Figures 3C, 4C, 7C, 8C)</p><p>Female</p><p>Fore wing 5.19 mm long. Head. Antenna with 26 flagellomeres. CWH 1.68; CWW 1.42. MLW 1.67; MWW 0.57; MSM 0.57. Median line on supra-antennal area distinct. Mesosoma . Pronotum with strong, short striae along posterior margin of collar, from laterocentral area to ventral corner. Scutellar carina in lateral view distinct on about 0.8 of scutellum, though much weaker at posterior 0.3. Subalar ridge very narrow, dash-like (Figure 7C); epicnemial carina restricted to ventral 0.8 of mesopleuron, irregular. Transverse furrow at base of propodeum with almost indistinct striae. Metapleuron reticulate; juxtacoxal carina absent; pleural carina vestigial. Fourth tarsomeres lateral lobe 4.0 × as long as mesal lobe, mesal lobe almost indistinct. Anterior margin of propodeum medially approximately straight; SWL 1.57; posterior transverse carina complete, sublaterally forming distinct crests. Fore wing vein 1-Rs + M approximately straight; crossvein 1m-cu uniformly curved or irregular, slightly shorter than 1-Rs + M; crossvein 1cu-a arising basad to base of 1M + Rs by about 0.1 of its own length; veins 2cu-a and 2-Cu slightly angled; bulla of crossvein 2m-cu placed ventrally; APH 0.68; AWH 1.13. Hind wing vein 2-1A absent; HW1C 1.31. Metasoma. T1LW 2.23; T1WW 2.24; T1 angled ventrolaterally; laterally before spiracle and dorsally coriaceus, elsewhere smooth; dorsolateral carina complete but weak, more distinct apically; ventrolateral carina distinct. T2LW 0.88; T2WW 2.09; T2 sparsely pilose, with moderately coarse punctation, gradually changing to alutaceous at T3–8, those sparsely pilose. OST 0.6; ovipositor basally distinctly downcurved, apically straight; dorsal valve without nodus, preapical notch present but very weak, ventral valve tip with eight oblique ridges (Figure 5B).</p><p>Colour. Head black and whitish, mesosoma and legs ferruginous, metasoma dark brown and white. Head: black; scape dark ferruginous (117,072,041); pedicel with elongate white spot, remainder of pedicel and base of first flagellomere ferruginous; remainder of flagellum light brown to dark brown, toward apex except for apical one lighter; dorsal portion of apex of f4, f5–9 and base of f10 white; clypeus, ventral portion of supraclypeal area, mouth parts, base of mandible and malar space, frontal and vertical orbit whitish (234,219,186); ventral portion of gena dark brown; apex of mandible and transverse mark on supraclypeal area dark brown to blackish. Mesosoma: ferruginous (142,091,067); propleuron, collar, short dash on dorsal pronotum, subalar ridge, dorsal division of metapleuron, lateral division near hind coxa, small transverse marks over propodeal crests whitish. Legs: fore and mid coxa, fore trochanter and hind tarsi except for apical one brownish, white; hind coxa with fore portion ferruginous, hind portion white, lateral part with a broad brown mark, darker towards apex; mid and hind trochanter marked with white and dark brown; fore and mid trochantelli, femur, tibiae and tarsi ferruginous; hind trochantellus marked with ferruginous and dark brown; hind femur yellowish (211,060,129), with a darker median longitudinal line; hind tibia greyish-brown. Wings hyaline, fore wing with small, pale darker spot covering apical part of cells 2 + 3M and 1 + 2R. Metasoma: Dark brown, apical 0.2 of T1, T2 laterally, most of T3, T4–6 laterally and T7–8 dorsally, white; ovipositor reddish orange (119,074,046); sheath dark brown.</p><p>Male</p><p>The single available male is very similar to the female, except T4–6 entirely blackish, without lateral whitish marks, and T7 anteriorly blackish; fore wing 4.60 mm; SWL 1.40; T1LW 2.74; T1WW 1.79.</p><p>Variation</p><p>Fore wing 4.39–5.29 mm long. Antenna with 21–26 flagellomeres; gena sometimes partially black; mid coxa sometimes with dark brown spot; T1 sometimes smooth on lateral anterior portion. Two of six studied specimens with hind wing vein 2-1A distinct, reaching 0.5–0.7 of the distance to wing margin.</p><p>Comments</p><p>This is the only species of Loxopus without a distinct brownish mark on the fore wing. Very similar to L. tenuis, from which it can be differentiated by having the supra-clypeal area with distinct brownish marks (versus entirely whitish, rarely with fuscous lateral marks); posterior transverse carina of propodeum complete (versus usually incomplete); anterior portion of T1 blackish (versus orange), T3 anteriorly blackish (versus entirely white); dorsal valve of ovipositor without nodus (versus with weak nodus); and ventral valve with eight teeth (versus five). In addition, some specimens of L. duckei are the only members of Loxopus with a developed hind wing vein 2-1A.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The specific name is after the type locality, the reserve in Manaus named in honour of the notable Italian-Brazilian naturalist Adolpho Ducke.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>6 ♀♀, 1 ♂. Holotype ♀ from BRAZIL, Amazonas, Reserva Adolpho Ducke, Pt. 5, 1–3 October 2005, yellow pan traps, A.P. Aguiar et al. (INPA). Mounted on triangle point. In good shape.</p><p>Paratypes: ECUADOR: 1 ♂ from Manabi, Palmar, 200m, 27 April 1942 (AMNH) ; 1 ♀ from Napo, Puerto Misahuelli, 18 February 1983, L. Huggert (AIEC) . BRAZIL: Amazonas: 1 ♀ from Reserva Adolpho Ducke, Pt. 5, 1–3 October 2005, yellow pan traps, A.P. Aguiar et al. (INPA) . Pará: 1 ♀ from Melgaço, Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã, Estação Científica Ferreira Pena, P05012, 13–16 November 2003, yellow pan traps, A.P. Aguiar and J. Dias ; 1 ♀, same data except Igarapé Ararua, P05027, 15–18 November 2003 ; 1 ♀, same data except Igarapé Tijucaquara, P05192, 24–27 November 2003 (MPEG) .</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Ecuador and Brazil (AM, PA) (Figure 8C).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A3282DC14BA674FF32A169FD3564E5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Santos, Bernardo F.;Aguiar, Alexandre P.	Santos, Bernardo F., Aguiar, Alexandre P. (2014): Review of Loxopus Townes (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae), with descriptions of six new species. Journal of Natural History 49 (31): 1905-1935, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2014.976669
03A3282DC149A672FF34A169FD37676B.text	03A3282DC149A672FF34A169FD37676B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Loxopus exius Santos et Aguiar 2014	<div><p>Loxopus exius Santos et Aguiar, sp. nov. (Figures 3D, 5D, 7G, 8D)</p><p>Female</p><p>Fore wing 3.44 mm long. Head. Antenna with 21 flagellomeres. CWH 1.60; CWW 1.54. MLW 1.92; MWW 0.59. MSM 0.64. Median line on supra-antennal area distinct. Mesosoma (Figure 7G). Pronotum with distinct, short striae along posterior margin of collar, from laterocentral area to ventral corner. Scutellar carina in lateral view distinct on about 0.3–0.4 of scutellum. Subalar ridge very narrow, dash-like; epicnemial carina restricted to ventral 0.8 of mesopleuron, its ventral 0.3 arched forward, dorsally almost straight. Transverse furrow at base of propodeum with distinct striae. Metapleuron finely punctate; juxtacoxal and pleural carinae absent. Fourth tarsomeres lateral lobe 3.0 × as long as mesal lobe. Anterior margin of propodeum medially weakly concave; SWL 1.57; posterior transverse carina complete, medially weaker and moderately arched forwards, sublaterally forming weak but distinct crests. Fore wing vein 1-Rs + M approximately straight; crossvein 1m-cu uniformly and slightly curved, as long as 1-Rs + M crossvein 1cu-a arising opposite base of 1M + Rs; veins 2cu-a and 2-Cu angled; bulla of crossvein 2m-cu placed centrally; APH 0.62; AWH 1.07. Hind wing vein 2-1A absent or vestigial; HW1C 1.27. Metasoma. T1LW 2.21; T1WW 2.19; T1 approximately rounded ventrolaterally; dorsolateral carina complete but very weak, stronger posteriorly; ventrolateral carina absent. T2LW 0.87; T2WW 2.17; T2–8 very sparsely pilose, finely punctate. OST 0.6; ovipositor approximately straight; dorsal valve with very weak nodus and distinct preapical notch; ventral valve tip with six oblique ridges (Figure 5D).</p><p>Colour. Head black and whitish, mesosoma ferruginous, metasoma dark brown and white. Head: black; scape ferruginous (111,074,045); pedicel with elongate white spot, remainder of pedicel and first flagellomere ferruginous, remainder of flagellum dark brown, getting darker toward apex; dorsal portion of apex of f4, f5–9 and base of f10 white; supra-clypeal area, clypeus, mouth parts, base of mandible, frontal and vertical orbit whitish (240,230,217); apex of mandible reddish to blackish; supraantennal area, temple, gena until anterior margin of eye, and occiput black. Mesosoma: ferruginous (160,097,057); propleuron, collar, short dash on dorsal margin of pronotum, tegula and subalar ridge, ventral 0.5 of mesopleuron, apical 0.4 of scutellum, dorsal division of metapleuron, apical 0.4–8 of metapleuron, transverse marks over propodeal crests, whitish; mesosternum at least partially blackish, usually at postpectum and near base of mid coxae. Legs: ferruginous, generally slightly darker towards; fore and mid coxae and all trochanters white, mid trochantellus with fore and hind black spots; tibiae whitish, tarsi light brown; hind coxa with fore and hind portions whitish, lateral part with a broad, dark brown (073,059,040) mark; hind trochantellus marked with dark brown. Wings hyaline, the fore ones with a buff dark spot covering the apical part of cells 2 + 3M and 1 + 2R1. Metasoma: T1 ferruginous, apical 0.40 white; T2 dark brown; T3 white, basally with semicircular dark brown mark; T4–6 dorsally light brown, laterally ferruginous; T7–8 dorsally white, laterally ferruginous; ovipositor reddish orange (115,074,032); sheaths dark brown.</p><p>Male</p><p>General morphology similar to female, except for fore wing 4.12–5.26 mm; antenna with 24–26 flagellomeres, with or without white band (n = 2); posterior transverse carina of propodeum almost straight and not forming sublateral crests; spiracle of first metasomal tergite distinctly prominent; SWL 1.14–1.45; T1LW 2.10–2.59; T1WW 1.64–1.77.</p><p>Variation</p><p>Fore wing 3.67–4.83 mm long. General tone of ferruginous ranging from bright, almost orange (212,157,093), to almost fuscous (152,102,050); antenna with 21–27 flagellomeres; white band at flagellum sometimes starting only on f5; mesosternum sometimes entirely blackish; scutellum in some specimens the same colour as mesosoma; postscutellum whitish in specimens with general lighter colour; pro- and mesosternum sometimes with black marks; T1 white on posterior 0.25–0.40 T2 sometimes basally ferruginous; basal dark mark at T3 sometimes indicated only by a buff, ferruginous area; T3 sometimes with semicircular dark spot at apical 0.6; T4 white in one specimen.</p><p>Comments</p><p>Very similar to L. dodecius sp. nov., from which it can be differentiated mainly by having six teeth on the ventral valve of the ovipositor (versus 12) and by the colour pattern of the metasoma, with apex of T2 dark brown (versus lighter, whitish laterally), T3 white (versus dark brown with apex whitish), and T4 ferruginous (versus white). Additionally distinguished from L. dodecius by the gena black until anterior margin of eye (versus partially to completely white), scutellar carina distinct on 0.5– 1.0 of scutellum (versus 0.3–0.4) and dorsolateral carina of T1 weak (versus moderately strong).</p><p>Etymology</p><p>Latinized form of the Greek exi, meaning six; in reference to the six teeth on the lower valve of the ovipositor.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>28 ♀♀, 2 ♂♂. Holotype ♀ from BRAZIL, Espírito Santo, Cariacica, Reserva Biológica de Duas Bocas, Pt. 11, 25–27 April 2005, yellow pan traps, A.P. Aguiar (UFES). Mounted on triangle point. In good shape.</p><p>Paratypes: BRAZIL: Mato Grosso: 1 ♂ from Chapada dos Guimarães, 800 m, July 1983, M. Alvarenga (AEIC) . Minas Gerais: 1 ♀ from <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-11.466666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.75" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -11.466666/lat -15.75)">Águas Vermelhas</a>, 15°45 ′ S, 11°28 ′ W, 800 m, December 1983, Alvarenga . Espírito Santo: 1 ♀ from Cariacica, Reserva Biológica de Duas Bocas, Pt. 10, 29–30 April 2005, yellow pan traps, A.P. Aguiar ; 1 ♀, same data except Pt. 2, 30 April–1 May 2005 ; 1 ♀, same data except 26 July 1996, sweeping, C.O. Azevedo; 1 ♀, same data except 27 July 1996, H.S. Sá; 1 ♀, same data except Pau Amarelo, Pt. 1, 20–28 October 2005, Malaise trap, A.P. Aguiar et al .; 1 ♀, same data except Pt. 9; 4 ♀♀, same data except Pt. 3, 22–24 October 2005, yellow pan traps ; 1 ♀, same data except Pt. 8; 1 ♀, same data except Pt. 11; 2 ♀♀, same data except Pt. 21, 23–25 October 2005 ; 1 ♀, same data except Pt. 5, 24–26 October 2005 ; 1 ♀, same data except Pt. 12, 25–27 October 2005 ; 1 ♀, same data except Pt. 13; 2 ♀♀, same data except Pt. 18, 27–29 October 2005 . 1 ♂ from Guarapari, Parque Estadual Paulo César Vinha, 20°36 ′ S, 40°25 ′ W, 4 m, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-40.416668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.6" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -40.416668/lat -20.6)">Pt.</a> 63, 8–15 May 2006, yellow pan traps, R. Kawada . 1 ♀ from Santa Maria de Jetibá, Fazenda Clarindo Kruger, Pt. T8, 29 November–6 December 2002, Malaise trap, M. Tavares, C. Azevedo et al .; 1 ♀, same data except Fazenda Paulo Seick, Pt. B 4 . 1 ♀ from Santa Teresa, propriedade rural, Pt. 4, 19–26 August 2007, Malaise trap, F.G. Rampinelli et al .; 3 ♀♀, same data except Estação Biológica de Santa Lúcia, 9–13 May 2006, yellow pan traps, M.T. Tavares, C.O. Azevedo et al. (UFES). Rio de Janeiro: 1 ♀ from Rio de Janeiro, Floresta da Tijuca, July 1966, Alvarenga and Seabra (AEIC) . Paraná: 1 ♀ from Ilha do Mel, Fortaleza, 26 February 1989, R. Dutra (DZUP) .</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Brazil (MT, MG, ES, RJ, PR) (Figure 8 C).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A3282DC149A672FF34A169FD37676B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Santos, Bernardo F.;Aguiar, Alexandre P.	Santos, Bernardo F., Aguiar, Alexandre P. (2014): Review of Loxopus Townes (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae), with descriptions of six new species. Journal of Natural History 49 (31): 1905-1935, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2014.976669
03A3282DC14FA670FF0CA3D7FEC664E5.text	03A3282DC14FA670FF0CA3D7FEC664E5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Loxopus ichilus Santos et Aguiar 2014	<div><p>Loxopus ichilus Santos et Aguiar, sp. nov. (Figures 4A, 6A, 7B, 7E, 8E)</p><p>Female</p><p>Fore wing 4.30 mm long. Head (Figure 7B). Antenna with 22 flagellomeres. CWH 1.71; CWW 1.92; MLW 1.33; MWW 0.56; MSM 0.63. Median line on supraantennal area faint. Mesosoma . Pronotum ventrally with distinct, short transverse striae. Scutellar carina in lateral view distinct on about 0.4 of scutellum. Subalar ridge moderately wide, elliptic (Figure 7E); epicnemial carina restricted to ventral 0.7 of mesopleuron, dorsally very weak, its shape irregular. Transverse furrow at base of propodeum with weak striae. Metapleuron coriarious; juxtacoxal carina absent; pleural carina absent. Fourth tarsomeres lateral lobe 4.0 × as long as mesal lobe. Anterior margin of propodeum medially slightly concave; SWL 1.51; posterior transverse carina complete, medially distinctly arched, sublaterally forming distinct crests. Fore wing vein 1-Rs + M uniformly curved; crossvein 1m-cu uniformly curved, slightly shorter than 1-Rs + M; crossvein 1cu-a arising opposite to base of 1M + Rs; veins 2cu-a and 2-Cu slightly angled; bulla of crossvein 2m-cu placed centrally; APH 0.47; AWH 1.11. Hind wing vein 2-1A absent; HW1C 2.00. Metasoma. T1LW 2.25; T1WW 2.17; T1 entirely coriarious, approximately cylindrical ventrolaterally; dorsolateral carina complete, moderately strong; ventrolateral carina interrupted on its midlength. T2LW 0.83; T2WW 2.38; T2–8 coriarious, mostly sparsely pilose, T3–8 with distinct pilosity laterally. OST 0.59; ovipositor basally distinctly downcurved, apically straight; dorsal valve without nodus, preapical notch distinct, ventral valve tip with nine oblique ridges (Figure 6A).</p><p>Colour. Head black and light yellow, mesosoma mostly ferruginous, metasoma dark brown and white. Head: black; mandible except apex, palpi, clypeus, malar space, ventral 0.05 of gena, most of supra-clypeal area and orbital band in supra-antennal area, light yellow (227,212,140); scape ventrally orange (180, 100, 040); supraclypeal area with brownish marks; scape dorsally, pedicel and f1 light brown; remainder of flagellum dark brown, f5–9 dorsally white; apex of mandible reddish. Mesosoma: ferruginous (181,085,032); collar, tegula, subalar ridge, dorsal division of metapleuron, metapleuron near hind coxa and small transverse marks over propodeal crests, whitish (232,215,150). Legs mostly fuscous (174,108,053); fore and mid coxae and all trochanters, whitish; hind coxa laterally with broad brown mark, anteriorly to the mark ferruginous, posteriorly whitish; hind trochantellus, base and apex of femur and base of tibia with brownish marks; all t5 blackish. Wings hyaline, fore wing with brownish spot covering apical portions of cells 2 + 3M and 1 + 2R1. Metasoma: T1 dark brown and whitish, brown area dorsally covering anterior 0.6, laterally covering anterior 0.3; S1 dark brown; T2 and T4–6 dark brown; T3 whitish, anteriorly with small brownish spot; T7–8 dorsally whitish, laterally dark brown; S2–4 whitish, S2 with lateral brown mark; S5–6 brown. Ovipositor reddish orange, its sheaths brown.</p><p>Male</p><p>Unknown.</p><p>Variation</p><p>Fore wing length 4.20–4.50 mm; one paratype with ventral 0.1 of gena yellow; one paratype with ovipositor apex with eight oblique ridges.</p><p>Comments</p><p>Generally similar to L. duckei and L. tenuis, from which it can be differentiated by having the gena almost entirely black (versus ventrally orange); subalar ridge moderately wide, elliptic (versus narrow, dash-like), and bright yellow (versus ferruginous or whitish). Further differentiated from L. tenuis by having the anterior portion of T1 blackish (versus orange), and from L. duckei by having the fore wing with distinct brownish spot (versus fore wing without spot).</p><p>Etymology</p><p>Latinized form of the type locality name, Rio Ichilo.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>3 ♀♀. Holotype ♀ from BOLIVIA, Santa Cruz, Rio Ichilo (Locality B), 24 July 1965, ‘ See Bouseman field notes in Mammology Department’ (AMNH). Mounted on triangle point; quite dirty, otherwise in good shape.</p><p>Paratypes: BOLIVIA: 2 ♀♀, same data as holotype except with additional label ‘ J. K. Bouseman L. Lussenhop Collectors’ (AMNH) .</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Bolivia (Figure 8E).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A3282DC14FA670FF0CA3D7FEC664E5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Santos, Bernardo F.;Aguiar, Alexandre P.	Santos, Bernardo F., Aguiar, Alexandre P. (2014): Review of Loxopus Townes (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae), with descriptions of six new species. Journal of Natural History 49 (31): 1905-1935, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2014.976669
03A3282DC14DA67EFF75A169FD3564E5.text	03A3282DC14DA67EFF75A169FD3564E5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Loxopus multicolor Kasparyan et Ruiz-Cancino 2005	<div><p>Loxopus multicolor Kasparyan et Ruíz-Cancino 2005 (Figures 4B, 6B, 7H, 8F)</p><p>Loxopus multicolor Kasparyan et Ruíz-Cancino, 2005: 248–249 Description, figure, keyed. Holotype ♀ ( Universidad Autónoma Tamaulipas, not examined). Type data: MEXICO: Yucatán, Sudzal Chico, SMSP, VI-1999, H. Delfín G.</p><p>Loxopus multicolor honduras Kasparyan et Wharton, 2007: 59–60 Description, figure, keyed. Holotype ♀ (Texas A &amp; M University, not examined). Type data: HONDURAS: Atlanida Tela, trop. Forest, Lancetilla Botanical Garden, 26 December 1986 (R. Jones).</p><p>Female</p><p>Fore wing 6.56 mm long. Head. Antenna with 27 flagellomeres. CWH 1.71; CWW 2.09; MLW 1.78; MWW 0.56; MSM 0.65. Median line on supra-antennal area distinct. Mesosoma . Pronotum with delicate striae along posterior margin of collar, elsewhere coriarious–rugulose. Scutellar carina in lateral view distinct on about 0.7 of scutellum. Subalar ridge very narrow, dash-like; epicnemial carina restricted to ventral 0.5 of mesopleuron, somewhat uniformly arched. Transverse furrow at base of propodeum with delicate striae. Metapleuron minutely rugulose; juxtacoxal carina absent; pleural carina vestigial. Fourth tarsomeres lateral lobe 3.3 × as long as mesal lobe. Anterior margin of propodeum laterally slightly projecting, medially approximately straight; SWL 1.33; posterior transverse carina represented only by distinct, conical crests, elsewhere indistinct. Fore wing vein 1-Rs + M approximately straight; crossvein 1m-cu uniformly curved, slightly shorter than 1-Rs + M; crossvein 1cu-a arising basad to base of 1M + Rs by about 0.2 of its own length; veins 2cu-a and 2-Cu aligned, continuous; APH 0.58; AWH 1.00. Hind wing vein 2-1A reaching about 0.5 of distance to wing margin; entirely absent; HW1C 1.60. Metasoma. T1LW 2.00; T1WW 2.21; T1 ventrolaterally angled; coarsely coriarious; dorsolateral and ventrolateral carinae distinct. T2LW 0.86; T2WW 1.75; T2–8 coriarious, glabrate. OST 0.57; ovipositor straight, slender (Figure 7H); dorsal valve without nodus, preapical notch very delicate, ventral valve tip with 13 oblique ridges, basal ones very shallow, apical ones minute (Figure 6B).</p><p>Colour. Head blackish and whitish, mesosoma mostly ferruginous, metasoma black and whitish. Head: blackish; mandible except apex, palpi, clypeus, malar space, supra-clypeal area and complete orbital band, whitish to pale yellow (208,143,083); scape light orange (176,105,048); pedicel and flagellum dark brown, pedicel with dorsal whitish spot; f5–11 dorsally white; area between ocelli ferruginous. Mesosoma: ferruginous (117,065,026), mesopleuron distinctly lighter (147,083,035) than elsewhere; propleuron, collar, posterior portion of tegula, small mark on dorsal division of metapleuron and small transverse marks over propodeal crests, whitish (205,152,095). Legs mostly fuscous (134,081,041); all coxae and trochanters whitish; fore and mid coxae with apical brown spots, hind coxa with wide blackish stripe on lateral face, mesal face with basal and apical blackish spots; mid and hind trochanters and all trochantelli with blackish marks; fore and mid femora and all tibiae with sparse brownish marks; hind femur with brown stripe along anterior face; basal 0.8 of mid t1 and 0.25 of hind t1 brownish; apex of t1 and t2–4 white, t5 blackish. Wings hyaline, fore wing with brownish spot covering apical portions of cells 2 + 3M and 1 + 2R1. Metasoma: T1 dorsally black, laterally dark brown, with posterior whitish mark; S1 dark brown; T2 black, T3 whitish, anteriorly with semicircular blackish spot; T4 anterior half whitish, posterior half black; T5–6 black with lateral whitish marks; T7–8 whitish; S2–6 whitish, S2 with lateral blackish mark. Ovipositor reddish orange, its sheaths brown.</p><p>Male</p><p>Similar to the female, except for the following: posterior portion of vertex and occiput orange; antenna with 25 flagellomeres; f7–14 lighter than remaining flagellum but not quite white; fore and mid coxae without brown marks; hind femur without distinct brown stripe; hind tibia and basal 0.5 of T1 blackish; S1 ferruginous; anterior blackish mark on T3 covering 0.6 of its area, anterior whitish area of T4 covering 0.8 of its area; SWL 1.46; T1LW 2.62; T1WW 1.50.</p><p>Variation</p><p>Holotype and paratypes described by Kasparyan and Ruíz-Cancino (2005) with the following variation: antenna with 25 flagellomeres; scutellar carina distinct on about 0.4 of scutellum; white band on flagellum starting on f4. The illustration provided by those authors does not show the conical shape of the sublateral crests, but they are described as being ‘rather strong’. The female described as L. m. honduras has T3 completely whitish; T4 predominantly black, laterally and on basal 0.2 whitish; T5–6 entirely blackish; hind tarsus white with t5 brownish dorsally; and fore wing vein 2-M distinctly shorter than 3-M.</p><p>Comments</p><p>Quite distinctive among other species of the genus by its generally stout body structure (see Figure 4B), posterior transverse carina of propodeum represented only by conical apophyses (versus well developed, complete or almost so in all other species), and ovipositor quite slender (versus moderately stout in other species – see Figure 7H). It is also one of the two species with a complete orbital band, along with L. venezuelanus, from which it can be readily distinguished by the shape of the posterior transverse carina of the propodeum and by the hind femur with a brown stripe along the anterior face (versus fuscous with brownish marks on base and apex); T1 anteriorly black (versus orange); and T4 anteriorly whitish (versus entirely blackish).</p><p>Material examined</p><p>1 ♀, 1 ♂. COSTA RICA: 1 ♀ from San Vito de C.B., Las Cruces, 1200 m, 7–14 August 1982, B. Gill. Labelled ‘ Loxopus sp. 3/ Tow. 1967 ’. MEXICO: 1 ♂ from Quintana Roo, Xel-Há resort, 7 December 1993, L. Masner, coastal forest (AEIC) .</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Mexico, Honduras, Costa Rica (Figure 8F)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A3282DC14DA67EFF75A169FD3564E5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Santos, Bernardo F.;Aguiar, Alexandre P.	Santos, Bernardo F., Aguiar, Alexandre P. (2014): Review of Loxopus Townes (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae), with descriptions of six new species. Journal of Natural History 49 (31): 1905-1935, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2014.976669
03A3282DC143A67CFEDDA169FE5264E5.text	03A3282DC143A67CFEDDA169FE5264E5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Loxopus tenuis Santos et Aguiar 2014	<div><p>Loxopus tenuis Santos et Aguiar, sp. nov. (Figures 4C, 6C, 8G)</p><p>Female</p><p>Fore wing 3.97 mm long. Head. Antenna with 22 flagellomeres. CWH 1.58; CWW 1.48. MLW 1.53; MWW 0.54. MSM 0.47. Median line on supra-antennal area faint, almost indistinct. Mesosoma . Pronotum with weak, short striae along posterior margin of collar, from laterocentral area to ventral corner. Scutellar carina in lateral view distinct over full length of scutellum, though much weaker at posterior 0.5. Subalar ridge very narrow, dash-like; epicnemial carina restricted to ventral 0.7 of mesopleuron, its ventral 0.3 arched forward, dorsally almost straight. Transverse furrow at base of propodeum with distinct striae. Metapleuron finely punctate; juxtacoxal and pleural carinae absent. Fourth tarsomeres lateral lobe 5.0 × as long as mesal lobe, mesal lobe almost indistinct. Anterior margin of propodeum medially weakly concave; SWL 1.63; posterior transverse carina medially interrupted, sublaterally forming delicate crests. Fore wing vein 1-Rs + M and crossvein 1m-cu approximately straight and with same length; crossvein 1cu-a arising opposite to base of 1M + Rs; veins 2cu-a and 2-Cu aligned; bulla of crossvein 2m-cu placed centrally; APH 0.49; AWH 0.94. Hind wing vein 2-1A absent or vestigial; HW1C 1.49. Metasoma. T1LW 2.40; T1WW 2.04; T1 angled ventrolaterally; dorsolateral carina complete but weak, stronger posteriorly; ventrolateral carina absent. T2LW 0.95; T2WW 2.20; T2–8 sparsely pilose, finely punctate. OST 0.75; ovipositor approximately straight; dorsal valve with delicate nodus, preapical notch present but very weak, ventral valve tip with five very weak, oblique ridges (Figure 6C).</p><p>Colour. Head black, mesosoma and legs ferruginous, metasoma dark brown and white. Head: black; scape ferruginous (173,122,068); pedicel with elongate white spot, remainder of pedicel and first flagellomere ferruginous to light brown, darker toward apex; dorsal portion of apex of 4, 5–9 and base of 10 white; clypeus and ventral portion of supra-clypeal area light ferruginous; dorsal portion of supraclypeal area, mouthparts, base of mandible and malar space, orbital band on supra-antennal area and vertex, whitish (225,207,164); apex of mandible blackish; gena dark ferruginous. Mesosoma: ferruginous (164,100,046); propleuron, collar, metapleuron near hind coxa, small transverse marks over propodeal crests whitish. Legs: ferruginous, generally darker towards apex; fore and mid coxae and trochanter white; hind coxa with fore portion ferruginous, hind portion white, lateral part with a broad brown mark, darker towards apex; hind trochanter whitish, hind trochantellus brownish. Wings hyaline, fore wings with buff, pale darker spot covering the apical part of cells 2 + 3M and 1 + 2R. Metasoma: T1 light ferruginous, apical 0.5 white; T2 dark brown, apical 0.3 pale or whitish; T3 whitish, T4–6 dorsally dark brown, laterally ferruginous; T7–8 dorsally whitish, laterally ferruginous; ovipositor reddish orange (166,106,059); sheath dark brown.</p><p>Male</p><p>Unknown.</p><p>Variation</p><p>Fore wing 3.38–397 mm long. Antenna with 20–23 flagellomeres; posterior transverse carina of propodeum sometimes traceable medially, but usually interrupted; general tone of ferruginous can vary from bright, almost orange, to very pale, straw-coloured; supra-clypeal area rarely with faint fuscous lateral marks; T2 sometimes medially brown, only laterally whitish; T3 sometimes with basal subcircular dark spot; T3–6 sometimes laterally white.</p><p>Comments</p><p>Very similar to L. duckei, from which it can be differentiated by having the supraclypeal area entirely whitish, rarely with fuscous lateral marks (versus with distinct brownish marks); posterior transverse carina of propodeum usually incomplete (versus complete) anterior portion of T1 orange (versus blackish); T3 anteriorly entirely white (versus blackish); dorsal valve of ovipositor with a delicate nodus (versus without nodus); and ventral valve with five teeth (versus eight). In addition, some specimens of L. duckei have a hind wing vein 2-1A.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>From the Latin tenuis, meaning thin, slender; in reference to its generally small and delicate structure.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>19 ♀♀. Holotype ♀ from BRAZIL, Pará, Melgaço, Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã, Igarapé Curua, P05020, 14–17 November 2003, yellow pan traps, APAguiar and JDias (MPEG). Mounted on triangle point. In good shape.</p><p>Paratypes: BRAZIL: Amazonas: 1 ♀ from Manaus, Reserva Adolpho Ducke, Pt. 16, 2–4 October 2005 , yellow pan traps, A.P. Aguiar et al. (INPA). Pará: 1 ♀ from Melgaço, Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã, Estação Científica Ferreira Pena, P05014, 13–16 November 2003 , yellow pan traps, A.P. Aguiar &amp; J. Dias; 1 ♀♀, same data except P05024, Igarapé Ararua, 15–18 November 2003 ; 1 ♀, same data except P05025; 1 ♀, same data except P05071, 18–21 November 2003; 1 ♀, same data except P05184, 24–27 November 2003; 1 ♀, same data except Igarapé Curua, P05020, 14–17 November 2003 ; 2 ♀♀, same data except P05021; 1 ♀, same data except P05065, 17– 20 November 2003; 1 ♀, same data except P05111, 20–23 November 2003; 1 ♀, same data except P05114; 1 ♀, same data except P-5174, 23–26 November 2003; 1 ♀, same data except Igarapé Tijucaquara, P05081, 18–21 November 2003 ; 1 ♀, same data except P05086; 1 ♀, same data except P05087; 1 ♀, same data except P05088; 1 ♀, same data except P05137, 21–24 November 2003 (MPEG).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Brazil (AM, PA) (Figure 8G).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A3282DC143A67CFEDDA169FE5264E5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Santos, Bernardo F.;Aguiar, Alexandre P.	Santos, Bernardo F., Aguiar, Alexandre P. (2014): Review of Loxopus Townes (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae), with descriptions of six new species. Journal of Natural History 49 (31): 1905-1935, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2014.976669
03A3282DC141A67CFEDCA169FEC9678B.text	03A3282DC141A67CFEDCA169FEC9678B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Loxopus unicolor Kasparyan et Ruiz-Cancino 2005	<div><p>Loxopus unicolor Kasparyan et Ruíz-Cancino 2005 (Figure 8H)</p><p>Loxopus unicolor Kasparyan et Ruíz-Cancino, 2005: 249–250 . Description, figure, keyed. Holotype ♀ ( Universidad Autónoma Tamaulipas, not examined). Type data: MEXICO: Yucatán, Corral, SMSC, December 1998, H. Delfín G.</p><p>Comments</p><p>Not examined. From the description available (Kasparyan and Ruíz-Cancino 2005), it is very similar to L. multicolor in structure. It can readily be distinguished from all other Loxopus by the black mesoscutum with a central white spot. All other species of the genus have a completely ferruginous mesoscutum. Other noteworthy features are the metasoma almost completely ferruginous, with whitish marks on T1 and T7–8; with the exception of some L. australis, all other species have brown or blackish marks on the metasoma.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Mexico (Figure 8H).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A3282DC141A67CFEDCA169FEC9678B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Santos, Bernardo F.;Aguiar, Alexandre P.	Santos, Bernardo F., Aguiar, Alexandre P. (2014): Review of Loxopus Townes (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae), with descriptions of six new species. Journal of Natural History 49 (31): 1905-1935, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2014.976669
03A3282DC141A67BFF03A3F7FE6B6296.text	03A3282DC141A67BFF03A3F7FE6B6296.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Loxopus venezuelanus Santos et Aguiar. The 2014	<div><p>Loxopus venezuelanus Santos et Aguiar, sp. nov. (Figures 4D, 6D, 8H)</p><p>Female</p><p>Fore wing 4.70 mm. Head. CWH 1.79; CWW 1.79. MLW 1.53; MWW 0.53; MSM 0.58. Median line on supra-antennal area faint. Mesosoma . Pronotum distinctly striate on ventral 0.5 and posterior margin of collar, elsewhere coriarious. Scutellar carina in lateral view distinct on about 0.3 of scutellum. Subalar ridge moderately wide, elliptic; epicnemial carina restricted to ventral 0.7 of mesopleuron, somewhat uniformly arched. Transverse furrow at base of propodeum with distinct striae. Metapleuron coriarious; juxtacoxal carina present, short and delicate; pleural carina distinct, delicate, covered by wrinkles. Fourth tarsomeres lateral lobe 3.3 × as long as mesal lobe. Anterior margin of propodeum medially approximately straight; SWL 1.63; posterior transverse carina complete, medially distinctly arched, sublaterally forming distinct crests. Fore wing vein 1-Rs + M approximately straight; crossvein 1m-cu uniformly curved, slightly shorter than 1-Rs + M; crossvein 1cu-a arising opposite base of 1M + 13Rs; veins 2cu-a and 2-Cu aligned, continuous; bulla of crossvein 2m-cu placed ventrally; APH 0.48; AWH 1.05. Hind wing vein 2-1A entirely absent; HW1C 1.50. Metasoma. T1LW 2.00; T1WW 2.21; T1 ventrolaterally approximately cylindrical; laterally before spiracle and dorsally coriarious, elsewhere smooth; dorsolateral carina complete but delicate; ventrolateral carina distinct, stronger apically. T2LW 0.81; T2WW 2.14; T2–8 coriarious, mostly sparsely pilose, T3–8 with distinct pilosity laterally, pilosity on T6–8 also distinct dorsally. OST 0.62; ovipositor straight; dorsal valve without nodus, preapical notch indistinct, ventral valve tip with 10 oblique ridges (Figure 6D).</p><p>Colour. Head brown and light yellow, mesosoma mostly ferruginous, metasoma dark brown and whitish. Head: brown; mandible except apex, palpi, clypeus, malar space, supra-clypeal area and complete orbital band, light yellow (228,209,117); scape light orange (207,129,052); supra-clypeal area with lateral brownish marks; pedicel and flagellum light brown, pedicel with dorsal light yellow spot [antenna broken at basal third, white band not visible]. Mesosoma: ferruginous (148,073,025); propleuron, collar, tegula, subalar ridge, small mark on dorsal division of metapleuron, metapleuron near hind coxa and small transverse marks over propodeal crests, light yellow (225,212,122). Legs mostly fuscous (175,113,050); fore and mid coxae and all trochanters, whitish; hind coxa whitish laterally with broad brown mark, anteriorly to the mark ferruginous, posteriorly whitish; hind trochantellus, base and apex of femur with brownish marks; all t5 blackish. Wings hyaline, fore wing with brownish spot covering apical portions of cells 2 + 3M and 1 + 2R. Metasoma: T1 mostly ferruginous, dorsally brownish at subapical portion, apically light yellow; S1 ferruginous; T2 brown, T3 whitish, anteriorly with large brown spot; T4–6 blackish, T7–8 dorsally whitish, laterally dark brown; S2–4 whitish, S2 with lateral brown mark; S5– 6 brown. Ovipositor reddish orange, its sheaths brown.</p><p>Male</p><p>Unknown.</p><p>Comments</p><p>Similar to L. duckei, from which it can be differentiated by the orbital band complete (versus widely interrupted and dorsal portion of gena); subalar ridge moderately wide, elliptic (versus narrow, dash-like), and bright yellow (versus ferruginous or whitish); transverse furrow at base of propodeum with distinct striae (versus almost indistinct); juxtacoxal carina present (versus absent); and T1 anteriorly orange (versus blackish).</p><p>Etymology</p><p>Latinized form of ‘of Venezuela’; in reference to its type locality in Venezuela .</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Holotype ♀ from VENEZUELA, San Esteban, nr. Puerto Cabello, 20 January 1940, P.J. Anduze (AEIC). Apical two thirds of both antennae and right hind leg apicad of trochanter missing; otherwise in good shape.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Venezuela (Figure 8H).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A3282DC141A67BFF03A3F7FE6B6296	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Santos, Bernardo F.;Aguiar, Alexandre P.	Santos, Bernardo F., Aguiar, Alexandre P. (2014): Review of Loxopus Townes (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae), with descriptions of six new species. Journal of Natural History 49 (31): 1905-1935, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2014.976669
