identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03A52852FF97FFD8FCEEFB1FCCE4A96B.text	03A52852FF97FFD8FCEEFB1FCCE4A96B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nostocales Borzi 1914	<div><p>Order Nostocales Borzì</p> <p>Family Aphanizomenonaceae Elenkin Genus Sphaerospermopsis Zapomelová, Jezberová, Hrouzek, Hisem, Reháková and Komárková, 2010</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A52852FF97FFD8FCEEFB1FCCE4A96B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kim, So-Won;Lee, Nam-Ju;Kim, Do-Hyun;Song, Ji-Ho;Lee, Hye-Ryeung Wang and Ok-Min	Kim, So-Won, Lee, Nam-Ju, Kim, Do-Hyun, Song, Ji-Ho, Lee, Hye-Ryeung Wang and Ok-Min (2022): Five newly recorded species of cyanobacteria in Korea. Journal of Species Research 11 (4): 296-309, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2022.11.4.296
03A52852FF96FFDFFF00F9B0CFC1A9CF.text	03A52852FF96FFDFFF00F9B0CFC1A9CF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sphaerospermopsis reniformis (Lemmermann) Zapomelova, Jezberova, Hrouzek, Hisem, Rehakova and Komarkova 2010	<div><p>Sphaerospermopsis reniformis (Lemmermann) Zapomelová, Jezberová, Hrouzek, Hisem, Reháková and Komárková, 2010 (Fig. 1, Table 2)</p> <p>Anabaena reniformis Lemmermann, 1898. Sphaerospermum reniforme (Lemmermann) Zapomelová,</p> <p>Jezberová, Hrouzek, Hisem, Reháková and Komárková,</p> <p>2009.</p> <p>Trichomes free-floating, rarely forming small clusters, irregularly screw-like coiled or circular fragments, clearly constricted at the cross-walls, not attenuated towards ends. Cells barrel-shaped to oval, sometimes slightly curved, with aerotopes, usually longer than wide, rarely isodiametric, 5.1-6.9 μm wide, 5.2-7.5 μm long. Apical cells similar to other vegetative cells, rarely a little longer, slightly curved and rounded. Heterocytes spherical or slightly elongated and barrel-shaped, solitary, intercalary, 5.9-8.7 μm wide, 6.2-9.9 μm long. Akinetes almost spherical, rarely slightly longer than wide, developing on both sides of heterocytes, solitary to 3 in row, 8.8-11.1 μm wide, 8.0-12.2 μm long.</p> <p>Ecology. Planktonic in stagnant freshwater, rarely in run- ning waters (Lemmermann, 1898), planktonic in freshwater in Korea.</p> <p>Distribution. Czech Republic (Zapomělová et al., 2009).</p> <p>Site collection. Songam-ri, Sinni-myeon, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=127.70586&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.001583" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 127.70586/lat 37.001583)">Chungju-si</a>, Chungcheongbuk-do (37°00′05.7″N / 127°42′21.1″E).</p> <p>Date of collection. July 05, 2018.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A52852FF96FFDFFF00F9B0CFC1A9CF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kim, So-Won;Lee, Nam-Ju;Kim, Do-Hyun;Song, Ji-Ho;Lee, Hye-Ryeung Wang and Ok-Min	Kim, So-Won, Lee, Nam-Ju, Kim, Do-Hyun, Song, Ji-Ho, Lee, Hye-Ryeung Wang and Ok-Min (2022): Five newly recorded species of cyanobacteria in Korea. Journal of Species Research 11 (4): 296-309, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2022.11.4.296
03A52852FF91FFDFFF08F8D4CADCA9EF.text	03A52852FF91FFDFFF08F8D4CADCA9EF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hapalosiphonaceae Elenkin 1916	<div><p>Family Hapalosiphonaceae Elenkin, 1916 Genus Pelatocladus Johansen and Vaccarino, 2016</p> <p>Filaments of main axis uniseriate, densely laterally branched, clearly constricted at the cross-walls, lacking sheaths. Cells located in the main axis rounded. At the base cells of branched filaments rounded, becoming cylindrical and elongated. Heterocytes spherical or elongatecylindrical, intercalary, lateral, or terminal.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A52852FF91FFDFFF08F8D4CADCA9EF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kim, So-Won;Lee, Nam-Ju;Kim, Do-Hyun;Song, Ji-Ho;Lee, Hye-Ryeung Wang and Ok-Min	Kim, So-Won, Lee, Nam-Ju, Kim, Do-Hyun, Song, Ji-Ho, Lee, Hye-Ryeung Wang and Ok-Min (2022): Five newly recorded species of cyanobacteria in Korea. Journal of Species Research 11 (4): 296-309, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2022.11.4.296
03A52852FF91FFDDFC87F934CEE0AA9B.text	03A52852FF91FFDDFC87F934CEE0AA9B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pelatocladus maniniholoensis	<div><p>Pelatocladus maniniholoensis</p> <p>Johansen and Vaccarino, 2016 (Fig. 2, Table 2)</p> <p>Colony bright blue-green in color. Filaments of main axis straight, uniseriate, mostly one-sided laterally branched, distinctly constricted cross-walls, lacking sheaths. Cells of main axis filaments 5-8 μm wide, 6-11 μm long. Filaments of branches never branching when attached to main axis, rounded at base, becoming cylindrical and elongated. Cells of branch filaments 3.5-5.1 μm wide, 4-13 μm long. Heterocytes intercalary, lateral and terminal, 5.1-7.7 μm wide, 9-12 μm long in the main axis, typically more elongated in the branched regions. Sometimes hormogonia with distinct sheaths.</p> <p>Ecology. On the walls of a cave (Miscoe et al., 2016), attached to rocks in Korea.</p> <p>Distribution. Hawaii (Miscoe et al., 2016).</p> <p>Site of collection. Dodong-ri, Ulleung-eup, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.90808&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.48192" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.90808/lat 37.48192)">Ulleung-gun</a>, Gyeongsangbuk-do (37°28′54.9″N / 130°54′29.1″E).</p> <p>Date of collection. August 01, 2019.</p> <p>Family Tolypothrichaceae Hauer, Bohunická, J.R. Johansen, Mareš and Berrendero-Gomez, 2014</p> <p>Genus Tolypothrix Kützing ex Bornet and Flahault, 1886</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A52852FF91FFDDFC87F934CEE0AA9B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kim, So-Won;Lee, Nam-Ju;Kim, Do-Hyun;Song, Ji-Ho;Lee, Hye-Ryeung Wang and Ok-Min	Kim, So-Won, Lee, Nam-Ju, Kim, Do-Hyun, Song, Ji-Ho, Lee, Hye-Ryeung Wang and Ok-Min (2022): Five newly recorded species of cyanobacteria in Korea. Journal of Species Research 11 (4): 296-309, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2022.11.4.296
03A52852FF93FFDCFF3EFA1DCC70AAE2.text	03A52852FF93FFDCFF3EFA1DCC70AAE2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tolypothrix carrinoi Miscoe, Pietrasiak and J. R. Johansen 2016	<div><p>Tolypothrix carrinoi Miscoe, Pietrasiak and J.R. Johansen, 2016 (Fig. 3, Table 2)</p> <p>Filaments straight, heteropolar, with rare single and double false branching. Trichomes slightly to distinctly constricted at the cross-walls. Sheaths thin, colorless, clearly visible when cells are absent. Cells blue-green in color, compressed disc-like to shorter than wide when rapidly dividing, becoming barrel-shaped to cylindrical and longer than wide in old cultures, with finely granular, 11.1-13.3 μm wide, 4.1-12.8 μm long. Apical cells hemispherically rounded. Heterocytes spherical, located in filaments basal, one to three in a series, 11.2-14.0 μm wide, 9.6-12.5 μm long.</p> <p>Ecology. Dry wall exposed to sunlight in the sinkhole of a cave (Miscoe et al., 2016), on tree bark in Korea. Distribution. Hawaii (Miscoe et al., 2016).</p> <p>Site collection. Iui-dong, Yeongtong-gu, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=127.034805&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.30497" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 127.034805/lat 37.30497)">Suwon-si</a>, Gyeonggi-do (37°18′17.9″N / 127°02′05.3″E).</p> <p>Date of collection. February 14, 2019.</p> <p>Order Synechococcales Hoffmann, Komárek and Kastovsky, 2005</p> <p>Family Leptolyngbyaceae Komárek, J. Kastovsky, Mareš and J.R. Johansen, 2014</p> <p>Genus Myxacorys Pietrasiak and J.R. Johansen, 2019</p> <p>Filaments wavy, olive green in color, often form false branching. Trichomes straight, sometimes twisted, slightly constricted at the cross-walls. Sheaths colorless, thin. In young cultures, filaments with single trichome without sheaths, and later with one to two trichomes in a sheath. Cells shorter than wide to isodiametric, occasionally longer than wide when stressed. Apical cells rounded to conical, sometimes forming irregularly shaped involution cells. Hormogonia widened at one end, tapering toward the opposite end. Slime caps lack in young cultures, and present in old cultures. Calyptra absent.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A52852FF93FFDCFF3EFA1DCC70AAE2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kim, So-Won;Lee, Nam-Ju;Kim, Do-Hyun;Song, Ji-Ho;Lee, Hye-Ryeung Wang and Ok-Min	Kim, So-Won, Lee, Nam-Ju, Kim, Do-Hyun, Song, Ji-Ho, Lee, Hye-Ryeung Wang and Ok-Min (2022): Five newly recorded species of cyanobacteria in Korea. Journal of Species Research 11 (4): 296-309, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2022.11.4.296
03A52852FF92FFDCFF00FA25CDAAA838.text	03A52852FF92FFDCFF00FA25CDAAA838.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myxacorys chilensis Pietrasiak and J. R. Johansen 2019	<div><p>Myxacorys chilensis Pietrasiak and J.R. Johansen, 2019</p> <p>(Fig. 4, Table 2)</p> <p>Filaments with single trichome without sheaths in young cultures, and with one to two trichomes in a sheath in mature cultures, often form false branching. Trichomes straight, slightly curved, and constricted at the cross-walls. Sheaths firm or mucilaginous, colorless. Cells mostly shorter than wide or isodiametric, 1.8-3.3 μm wide, 1.0- 2.7 μm long. Apical cells rounded, up to 3.9 μm long. Involution cells slightly widened, rare, indistinctive. Slime caps extending outward from the apical cells, relatively clear.</p> <p>Ecology. Biological soil crust on fine sand (Pietrasiak et al., 2019), on cement wall in Korea.</p> <p>Distribution. Chile (Pietrasiak et al., 2019).</p> <p>Site collection. Iui-dong, Yeongtong-gu, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=127.03445&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.305054" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 127.03445/lat 37.305054)">Suwon-si</a>, Gyeonggi-do (37°18′18.2″N / 127°02′04.0″E).</p> <p>Date of collection. February 13, 2019.</p> <p>Family Oculatellaceae Mai and J.R. Johansen, 2018 Genus Tildeniella Mai, J.R. Johansen and Pietrasiak, 2018</p> <p>Filaments straight, flexuous or spirally coiled. Trichomes not attenuated towards ends, not constricted to slightly constricted at the cross-walls, with thin translucent cross-walls. Sheaths thin, firm, colorless. Cells longer than wide, apical cells rounded. Hormogonia and necridic cells absent.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A52852FF92FFDCFF00FA25CDAAA838	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kim, So-Won;Lee, Nam-Ju;Kim, Do-Hyun;Song, Ji-Ho;Lee, Hye-Ryeung Wang and Ok-Min	Kim, So-Won, Lee, Nam-Ju, Kim, Do-Hyun, Song, Ji-Ho, Lee, Hye-Ryeung Wang and Ok-Min (2022): Five newly recorded species of cyanobacteria in Korea. Journal of Species Research 11 (4): 296-309, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2022.11.4.296
03A52852FF92FFD0FCE9F8FECECEA9AF.text	03A52852FF92FFD0FCE9F8FECECEA9AF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tildeniella torsiva Mai, J. R. Johansen and Pietrasiak	<div><p>Tildeniella torsiva Mai, J.R. Johansen and Pietrasiak,</p> <p>2018 (Fig. 5, Table 2)</p> <p>Colony forming irregular fascicules, bright blue green in color, olive green with maturity. Filaments often entan- gled, form false branching in older cultures. Trichomes straight, curved, waved, or sometimes coiled, not attenuated towards ends, slightly constricted at cross-walls. Sheaths thin, firm, colorless. Cells mostly longer than wide, rarely isodiametric, ungranulated, 1.1-1.9 μm wide, 1.6-4.9 μm long. Apical cells rounded. Hormogonia and necridic cells absent.</p> <p>Ecology. On a limestone wall (Mai et al., 2018), planktonic in freshwater in Korea.</p> <p>Distribution. Slovakia (Mai et al., 2018).</p> <p>Site collection. Wonuri, Hoehyeon-myeon, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=126.77281&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.92856" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 126.77281/lat 35.92856)">Gunsan-si</a>, Jeollabuk-do (35°55′42.8″N / 126°46′22.1″E).</p> <p>Date of collection. April 24, 2019.</p> <p>16S rRNA and phylogenetic affiliation</p> <p>In this study, 16S rRNA gene sequences of cyanobacteria were obtained. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of ML and Bayesian was performed on 16S rRNA gene sequences of the most similar and closely related species registered in NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information). As a result, two phylogenetic trees were completed, one tree containing species belonging to order Nostocales, and the other containing species belonging to order Synechococcales (Figs. 6, 7). Additionally, nucleotide sequence similarity and genetic distance were analyzed. When the similarity of the 16S rRNA gene sequence is 98.5% or more, it can be determined as the same species (Kim et al., 2014).</p> <p>In the case of Sphaerospermopsis reniformis (FBCC- A194), molecular phylogenetic analysis was performed based on 16S rRNA gene sequences of S. reniformis and related taxa registered in NCBI. As a result, similar branch patterns were shown in all trees (Fig. 6). S. reniformis (FB- CC-A194) collected in Korea was included in the same cluster as previously reported S. reniformis (06-01, 07- 01). Results of sequence similarity and genetic distance analysis revealed that it showed a sequence similarity of 99.9-100% and a genetic distance of 0.00% to S. reniformis (06-01, 07-01) (Table 3). In this study, S. reniformis (FBCC-A194) also showed high sequence similarity and close genetic distance to S. kisseleviana and S. aphanizomenoides (similarity: 99.9% and 99.4%, respectively; genetic distance: 0.00% and 0.01%, respectively). However, for the morphology of trichomes, S. kisseleviana and S. aphanizomenoides are straight or slightly curved, whereas S. reniformis has a screw-like coil. Thus, they can be clearly distinguished morphologically (Zapomělová et al., 2009). S. reniformis (FBCC-A194) can prove that it is S. reniformis because it has screw-like coiled trichomes. The high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of S. reniformis, S. kisseleviana, and S. aphanizomenoides supports the previously reported content that the presence or absence of coiling of trichomes is not divided in the phylogenetic tree (Rajaniemi et al., 2005a; 2005b).</p> <p>In the case of Pelatocladus maniniholoensis (FBCC- A1476), a phylogenetic analysis was performed through 16S rRNA gene sequences of P. maniniholoensis and related taxa registered in NCBI. All trees showed similar branching patterns (Fig. 6). Since P. maniniholoensis (FBCC-A1476) collected from Ulleungdo was included in the same cluster as the previously reported P. maniniholoensis (HA4357-MV3), the species could be clearly distinguished from the phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. As a result of additional sequence similarity and genetic distance analysis, it showed a sequence similarity of 99.5% and a genetic distance of 0.00% to P. maniniholoensis (HA4357-MV3) (Table 3). Also, Hapalosiphon hibernicus (BZ-3-1), which has the highest sequence similarity in the NCBI database, is 100% identical to 16S rRNA gene sequences of P. maniniholoensis (HA 4357-MV3). H. hibernicus (BZ-3-1) has been considered as a misidentification of P. maniniholoensis (Miscoe et al., 2016; Casamatta et al., 2020).</p> <p>In the case of Tolypothrix carrinoi (FBCC-A206, FBCC- A207, FBCC-A208), a molecular phylogenetic analysis was performed based on 16S rRNA gene sequences of T. carrinoi and related taxa registered in NCBI. As a result, all trees showed similar branching patterns (Fig. 6). Tolypothrix carrinoi (FBCC-A206, FBCC-A207, FBCC- A208) collected in Korea was included in the same cluster as previously reported T. carrinoi (HA7290-LM1). As a result of additional sequence similarity and genetic distance analysis, it showed 98.9-99.2% similarity and 0.01% genetic distance with Tolypothrix carrinoi (HA7290-LM1) (Table 3).</p> <p>In the case of Myxacorys chilensis (FBCC-A216, FBCC-A220), molecular phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences of M. chilensis and related taxa registered in NCBI was performed. All trees showed similar branching patterns (Fig. 7). M. chilensis (FBCC- A216, FBCC-A220) collected in this study was includ- ed in the same cluster as previously reported Myxacorys chilensis (ATA2-1-KO14). It is clearly separated from M. californica and M. almedinensis, other species included in the genus Myxacorys. Therefore, it could be clearly distinguished through the phylogenetic tree based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences. Additional nucleotide sequence similarity and genetic distance analysis results showed a similarity of 99.0-99.5% and a genetic distance of 0.00- 0.01% with M. chilensis (Table 3).</p> <p>In the case of Tildeniella torsiva (FBCC-A1474), molecular phylogenetic analysis was performed based on 16S rRNA gene sequences of T. torsiva and related taxa registered in NCBI. All trees showed similar branching patterns (Fig. 7). The culture strain of this study, T. torsiva (FBCC-A1474), was included in the same cluster as previously reported T. torsiva (UHER1998/13D). It is clearly distinguished from T. alaskaensis included in the genus Tildeniella. Another species included in the genus Tildeniella, T. nuda, was excluded because it was included in a distant cluster from the genus Tildeniella. Additionally, as a result of analysis of nucleotide sequence similarity and genetic distance, it showed a similarity of 99.8% and a genetic distance of 0.00% with T. torsiva (Table 3). Stackebrandt and Goebel (1994) have stated that a taxon is classified as a different genus when the 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity is less than 95%. In this study, T. nuda (Zehnder 1965/U140) showed 91.8% nucleotide sequence similarity and 0.07% genetic distance to T. torsiva (UHER1998/13D). Strunecky et al. (2020) have men- tioned that T. nuda shows 91.3% similarity to T. torsiva. It should be classified as a different genus because it has less than 95% sequence similarity to T. torsiva, a type species of genus Tildeniella. Mai et al. (2018) first reported T. nuda and stated that T. nuda 16S rRNA gene shared 99.1% sequence similarity with that of T. torsiva. This result is considered to be in error.</p> <p>As described above, the five species collected in Korea were identified through morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequenc- ing. They were added to unrecorded genus and species in Korea.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A52852FF92FFD0FCE9F8FECECEA9AF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kim, So-Won;Lee, Nam-Ju;Kim, Do-Hyun;Song, Ji-Ho;Lee, Hye-Ryeung Wang and Ok-Min	Kim, So-Won, Lee, Nam-Ju, Kim, Do-Hyun, Song, Ji-Ho, Lee, Hye-Ryeung Wang and Ok-Min (2022): Five newly recorded species of cyanobacteria in Korea. Journal of Species Research 11 (4): 296-309, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2022.11.4.296
