identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03A587A9FFFCFFF2FF3FD3E98E6FFEF4.text	03A587A9FFFCFFF2FF3FD3E98E6FFEF4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macropsychanthus Harms ex K. Schumann & Lauterbach 1900	<div><p>Macropsychanthus Harms ex Schumann &amp; Lauterbach (1900: 366)</p><p>originally comprised four species confined to Southeastern Asia to New Guinea (Adema, 1998). Recently, Queiroz &amp; Snak (2020) has demonstrated that Dioclea Kunth (1824: 437) is a non-monophyletic genus, with its species falling into three different positions: (1) the puzzling species, Dioclea paniculata Killip ex R.H. Maxwell (1978: 243), was highly supported as a member of the Galactia clade; (2) Dioclea subg. Dioclea appeared as sister to a clade composed of Cleobulia Bentham (1837: 67) and Cymbosema Bentham (1840: 61); and (3) the species of Dioclea subgenera Pachylobium and Platylobium composed a paraphyletic grade, nesting the genera Luzonia Elmer (1907: 220) and Macropsychanthus . Therefore, they proposed that the circumscription of Dioclea should be restricted to Dioclea subg. Dioclea, with 13 species and that the limits of Macropsychanthus should be widened to include the genus Luzonia, as well as the Dioclea subgenera Pachylobium and Platylobium . Under the current circumscription, Macropsychanthus Harms ex K. Schumann &amp; Lauterbach (1900: 366) comprises ca. 50 species, with a pantropical distribution, mainly confined to the Neotropics (Queiroz &amp; Snak 2020). The genus is characterized by its lianescent habit, erect pseudoracemose inflorescences composed of secundiflorous brachyblasts, bicallosal standard petals and turgid or laterally compressed fruits (Queiroz &amp; Snak 2020). Phylogenetic studies on the genus supported the presence of two clades, recognized as subgenera by Queiroz &amp; Snak (2020): subgenus Macropsychanthus and subgenus Platylobium .</p><p>The subgenus Platylobium is restricted to South America and is characterized by basifixed triangular stipules, leaves lacking stipels, laterally compressed fruits and elastically dehiscent, and seeds with circular hilum.This subgenus includes nine species: Macropsychanthus bicolor (Benth.) L.P. Queiroz &amp; Snak, (2020:105) M. coriaceus (Benth.) L.P. Queiroz &amp; Snak (2020:106), M. duckei L.P. Queiroz &amp; Snak (2020:106), M. erectus (Hoehne) L.P. Queiroz &amp; Snak (2020:106), M. hispidimarginatus (R.H. Maxwell) L.P. Queiroz &amp; Snak (2020:106), M. macrocarpus (Huber) L.P. Queiroz &amp; Snak (2020:107), M. rigidus (R.S. Cowan) L.P. Queiroz &amp; Snak (2020:107), M. ruddiae (R.H. Maxwell) L.P. Queiroz &amp; Snak (2020:107), and M. scabrus (Rich.) L.P. Queiroz &amp; Snak (2020:107) (Queiroz &amp; Snak, 2020).</p><p>Bentham described Dioclea rostrata Benth. (1837:69) . Later, in the Flora Brasiliensis, Bentham (1859) introduced a new variety: D. rostrata var. “β” nitida, only known from the type collection. A detailed morphological analysis of type collections and the specimens of this subgenus revealed the presence of more collections of this taxon, mainly identified as Dioclea bicolor . Here we propose a new combination and a new rank for D. rostrata var. nitida, including complete description, illustration, distribution, and comparison within the morphologically similar species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587A9FFFCFFF2FF3FD3E98E6FFEF4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Fonseca-Cortés, Andrés;Snak, Cristiane;Queiroz, Luciano Paganucci De	Fonseca-Cortés, Andrés, Snak, Cristiane, Queiroz, Luciano Paganucci De (2023): Macropsychanthus nitidus: a new rank and combination for dioclea rostrata var. nitida (leguminosae, papilionoideae). Phytotaxa 619 (4): 293-298, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.619.4.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.619.4.4
03A587A9FFFDFFF7FF3FD4A98E51FA6F.text	03A587A9FFFDFFF7FF3FD4A98E51FA6F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macropsychanthus nitidus (Fonseca-Cortes & L. P. Queiroz 2023) Fonseca-Cortes & L. P. Queiroz 2023	<div><p>Macropsychanthus nitidus Fonseca-Cortés &amp; L.P. Queiroz, comb. et stat. nov.</p><p>Basionym: Dioclea rostrata var. nitida Benth., Fl. Bras. 15(1): 168. 1859. Type: Brazil, Mato Grosso?, ‘ Salto do Curaú, rio Pardo’, Riedel 452 (560) (lectotype designated by Queiroz &amp; Snak (2020): LE! [00002539]; isolectotypes: A! [00066322], F! [0059202F], K! [000502901], NY! [01583820]). Fig 1.</p><p>Erect to procumbent shrub to 2 m tall; branches terete, grey, hollow in the young ones, glabrous or canescent sericeous. Stipules 0.1–0.2 × 0.1–0.2 cm long, basifixed, triangular, canescent or fulvous sericeous. Leaves spirally arranged; petiole 2–6 cm long, terete, canaliculate, brown, glabrous to canescent sericeous; rachis 0.5–2.0 cm long, terete, glabrous to canescent sericeous; stipels absent; petiolules 0.5–1.0 cm long, cylindrical, canescent or fulvous sericeous; leaflets coriaceous, conduplicate, elliptical or ovate, base cuneate to rounded, apex extended into a 0.5–0.7 cm long acumen, mucronate; primary venation pinnate, secondary veins 8–11 pairs, brochidodromous, upper surface glabrous, shinning, lower surface densely argenteous sericeous; terminal leaflet 8–13 × 3–6 cm; lateral leaflets 6–13 × 2.8–5.0 cm. Inflorescence 20–40 cm long, axillary or terminal, pseudoracemose, straight, erect, glabrous to canescent sericeous; inflorescence peduncle 2–15 cm long; brachyblasts 0.5–1.2 cm long, straight, pedicellate, 1.3–3.0 cm apart along the inflorescence rachis; first order bract (at brachyblast attachment) 2–4 × 1–2 mm, erect, lanceolate, canescent or fulvous sericeous; second order bract (at the pedicel attachment) 0.1–0.2 × 0.1–0.2 cm, ovate, fulvous sericeous; bracteoles (at calyx base) two, opposite, 2–3 × 2–3 mm, rounded, fulvous or dark brown sericeous; pedicel 0.4–0.5 cm long, fulvous sericeous. Flowers 1.0– 1.5 cm long; pedicels 0.4–1.0 cm long, canescent or fulvous sericeous; calyx 0.5–1.0 × 0.4–0.7 cm, campanulate, slightly gibbous behind the upper lobe, argenteous sericeous; upper lobe 0.3–0.5 × 0.3–0.5 cm, rounded, entire or emarginated; lateral lobes 0.3–0.5 × 0.2–0.4 cm, falcate; lower lobe 0.5–0.5 × 0.2–0.4 cm, lanceolate; petals glabrous, lilac, standard petal 1.0–1.6 × 0.8–1.2 cm, ovate, with two callosities in the base and two basal auricles, claw 0.2–0.5 × to 0.1 cm; wing petals 1.0–1.5 × 0.6–1.0 cm, lower lobe rounded and rounded apex, claw 0.3–0.5 × to 0.1 cm, with a dorsal spur at the base of the claw; keel petals 0.8–1.2 × 0.8–1.2 cm, semilunar, distal margin straight, claw 0.3–0.5 × to 0.1 cm; androecium 0.8–1.2 cm long, pseudomonadelphous, fertile stamens 5 on longer filaments, anthers ovate, staminodes 5 on shorter filaments, anthers ovate; intrastaminal nectariferous disk shortly cylindrical; ovary sessile, ovoid, 2–3-ovulate, densely canescent sericeous, style 0.7–2.0 cm, linear, the basal part canescent sericeous; stigma capitate. Legume 12–13 × 3–4 × 0.3–0.6 cm, woody, obovate, laterally compressed, brown puberulous, woody inside, 2–3-seeded Seeds 2.0–2.4 × 1.7–2.0 × 0.3–0.6 cm, ovoid, laterally compressed, smooth, hilum circular.</p><p>Etymology: —The specific epithet makes allusion to the shiny indumentum of the lower leaflet surface.</p><p>Distribution and habitat: — Macropsychanthus nitidus is known only in the Mato Grosso and Rondônia Brazilian states (Fig. 3). It occurs in savanna vegetation of the Cerrado phytogeographical domain, a mostly open vegetation with mixed grassy and shrubby layers on sandy soils and latosols.</p><p>Addtional examined material:— BRAZIL. Mato Grosso: Reserva do Cabaçal. Chapada dos Parecis, após a Comunidade Casulo Mulher. 15° 04´20´´ S 58° 26´16´´ W, 546 m, 2 September 2015, Lima et al. 8068 (RB!, INPA!, HUEFS!); Reserva do Cabaçal, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-58.916668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.230556" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -58.916668/lat -28.230556)">Chapada dos Parecis</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-58.916668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.230556" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -58.916668/lat -28.230556)">Fazenda Gozen</a>, 15° 01´21´´ S 58° 23´23´´ W, 581 m, 2 September 2015, Lima et al 8090 (RB!, HUEFS!, INPA!); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-58.916668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.230556" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -58.916668/lat -28.230556)">Tangará da Serra</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-58.916668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.230556" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -58.916668/lat -28.230556)">próximo ao Rio Verde</a> (Chapada dos Parecis) 14° 23´S 58° 18´W, Messias Santos 209 (INPA!); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-58.916668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.230556" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -58.916668/lat -28.230556)">Sararé Radambrasil</a>, folha SD21-YC, ponto, vegetação de caatinga amazônica baixa, 28° 13´50´´ S 58° 55´W, 3 August 1978, J.M. Pires &amp; Santos 16357 (INPA!, RB!, MG!) .</p><p>Conservation Status: —The AOO got an area of 5,738 km 2 and the EOO an area of 16 km 2. Macropsychanthus nitidus meets the requirements of endangered species, it is only known from four localities, most of the collections were done in the last century, and actually the areas in which the species grows has been mainly converted for soy production (Valdiones et al. 2022). Consequently, we assign the Endangered (EN) category (B2aii) (IUCN 2022).</p><p>Notes</p><p>Bentham (1837) described Dioclea rostrata based on the specimen collected by M. Wied s.n. (BR-0000005197040 and BR-0000005197378) and included it in Dioclea sect. Pachylobium (now subgenus Macropsychanthus). Later, Bentham (1859) cited an additional specimen (Gardner 1557, K) from the Araripe range in Ceará state and placed the species in sect. Platylobium, he also described the variety D. rostrata “β” nitida with the basis of Riedel 452 (560). In his unpublished PhD thesis, Maxwell (1969) followed Bentham (1859) and retained D. rostrata in the sect. Platylobium . Since he could not examine the type of D. rostrata, he proposed it as a synonym of D. bicolor based on Gardner 1557 (K). For D. rostrata var. nitida he suggested the unpublished combination Dioclea nitida (Benth.) R.H. Maxwell. Finally, Queiroz and Snak (2020) proposed D. rostrata and D. rostrata var. nitida as synonyms of M. bicolor .</p><p>The analysis of the Wied specimens (BR) showed the presence of stipels, and keel petals with rounded apex. The presence of stipels and the shape of the keel form suggest a closer relationship with the species of the subgenus Macropsychanthus . However, the lack of a direct analysis of the type collection prevents us to determine if this taxon corresponds to another species of Macropsychanthus subg. Macropsychanthus or to a species only known for the type collection. Despite this, it is clear that Wied specimen belongs to subgenus Macropsychanthus and does not correspond either to M. bicolor or to M. nitidus both of the subgenus Platylobium . On the other hand, Gardner 1557 (K) actually corresponds to M. bicolor .</p><p>Macropsychanthus nitidus is unique in the subgenus Macropsychanthus by the combination of the leaf rachis to 2 cm, leaflet undersurface sericeous argenteus and keel apex straight. This species could be confused with M. erectus and M. bicolor, for which we include the mains differences of the three species in Table 1 and Figure 2.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587A9FFFDFFF7FF3FD4A98E51FA6F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Fonseca-Cortés, Andrés;Snak, Cristiane;Queiroz, Luciano Paganucci De	Fonseca-Cortés, Andrés, Snak, Cristiane, Queiroz, Luciano Paganucci De (2023): Macropsychanthus nitidus: a new rank and combination for dioclea rostrata var. nitida (leguminosae, papilionoideae). Phytotaxa 619 (4): 293-298, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.619.4.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.619.4.4
