taxonID	type	description	language	source
03A787A4697C676BA48C9178FBD9C656.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. CHINA, Guangdong: 1 ♂, Guanyinshan Provincal Nature Reserve, 15 – 16. VI. 2007, Zaifu Xu, No 201301318; 1 ♀, Liuxihe National Forest Park, Guangzhou, 1 – 4. VI. 2007, Zaifu Xu, No PT 201302017.	en	Nguyen, Lien Thi Phuong, Xu, Zai-Fu (2017): First record of the genus Zethus Fabricius, 1804 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Eumeninae) from China with description of a new species. Zootaxa 4272 (4): 596-600, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4272.4.10
03A787A4697C676BA48C9178FBD9C656.taxon	description	Description. Male (hitherto unknown) [female characters in square brackets]. Body length 11.5 mm [12.5 mm]; fore wing length 10.5 mm [11.0 mm]. Head in frontal view much wider than high, 1.5 × [about 1.4 × (Fig. 1)] as wide as high (Fig. 3). Vertex not [slightly] produced behind eye. Eye much more strongly swollen laterally than in female. Gena narrow [more or less wide], in lateral view slightly less than 0.4 × [about 0.6 ×] as wide as eye. Inner eye margins 1.2 × [about 1.1 ×] further apart from each other at vertex than at clypeus. Clypeus in frontal view (Fig. 3) wider than high, 1.1 × [about 1.2 ×] as wide as high, apical margin truncated, without depression [with depression near apical margin]. Antenna (Fig. 4) with terminal flagellomere hooked, slightly curved and sharply point at apical tip [bullet shaped], flagellomeres 3 – 9 with strong bristles [without bristle]. Mesoscutum with notauli developed (presenting from posterior margin to lateral margin of mesoscutum), in lateral view weakly convex, 0.9 × as long as wide between tegulae. Disc of scutellum flat, in profile at same level as mesoscutum. Metanotum weakly convex. Scutellum slightly convex, slightly depressed in middle, in lateral view at same level as mesoscutum, strongly depressed along anterior margin with 9 – 10 short longitudinal carinae. Metanotum sloping down posteriorly. Propodeum short, excavated medially, basal fovea about one third of length of median carina from fovea to apical margin (Fig. 5), submarginal carina produced into pointed lamella. Metasoma except terminal two segments as in female (Fig. 2). Metasomal segment 2 petiolate at base, T 2 and S 2 with well developed and raised apical lamella, T 3 with thick apical lamella, not raised. Metasomal sternum 7 normal, without tubercle. Body surface sculpture as in female, except for shorter and sparser setae on clypeus. Mandible with scattered deep punctures. Frons and vertex up to level of posterior ocelli with coarse and deep punctures. Vertex behind posterior ocelli with shallower punctures, gena with sparser punctures and spaces between punctures smooth. Pronotum with dense deep flat-bottomed punctures, spaces between punctures slightly raised. Mesoscutum with punctures similar to those on pronotum, spaces between punctures not raised, smooth. Scutellum with several sparse shallow and large punctures. Metanotum with coarse dense and deep punctures, spaces between punctures raised to form reticulation. Mesepisternum dorsally with dense, deep and large punctures, sparser ventrally, barely punctured anteroventrally. Metapleuron with strong and short striae. Propodeum with sparse shallow punctures and striae dorsally, smooth area in between them, strong and large punctures posteriorly, rugose area laterally. T 1 with dense and coarse punctures; punctures on T 2 much finer and smaller, area between punctures smooth, about 2 – 3 × larger than puncture diameter, punctures near base of T 2 denser and larger than those in other part of tergum; T 3 with dense and deep punctures near apical margin, smaller ones on rest; T 4 – T 7 with sparse sallow and small punctures at apical margin, smaller ones on rest of terga, punctures on center of S 2 deeper and denser than those on T 2, punctures near lateral margin denser and smaller than those on disc. Color. Black. Clypeus yellow except all margins black. Mandible with large yellow spot. Propodeal valvulae dark brown. Tergula black with dark brown spot at center. Wings slightly infuscate, veins dark brown.	en	Nguyen, Lien Thi Phuong, Xu, Zai-Fu (2017): First record of the genus Zethus Fabricius, 1804 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Eumeninae) from China with description of a new species. Zootaxa 4272 (4): 596-600, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4272.4.10
03A787A4697C676BA48C9178FBD9C656.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Guangdong) (new record), Malaysia, Vietnam (Gusenleitner 2010).	en	Nguyen, Lien Thi Phuong, Xu, Zai-Fu (2017): First record of the genus Zethus Fabricius, 1804 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Eumeninae) from China with description of a new species. Zootaxa 4272 (4): 596-600, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4272.4.10
03A787A4697E676AA48C95DAFB67C33A.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype, ♀, pinned, CHINA: Guangdong, Nanling National Nature Reserve, 5 – 7. VI. 2010, Zaifu Xu, No 201301125 (SCAU).	en	Nguyen, Lien Thi Phuong, Xu, Zai-Fu (2017): First record of the genus Zethus Fabricius, 1804 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Eumeninae) from China with description of a new species. Zootaxa 4272 (4): 596-600, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4272.4.10
03A787A4697E676AA48C95DAFB67C33A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The female of new species can be distinguished from all other congeners by the following combination of characteristics: Propodeum dull, without lateral carinae, with median part deeply concave, submarginal carina produced into pointed lamella. Metasomal segment 1 petiolate, long and slender, T 1 2.5 × as long as wide, in dorsal view gradually widening from one-sixth of tergum from base, then narrowly toward apical margin, in lateral view abruptly swollen from near base, then gradually convex and depressed near apical margin, with dorsal margin nearly parallel to ventral margin. Metasomal segment 2 petiolate at base. S 2 in lateral view gradually convex from base to apical margin.	en	Nguyen, Lien Thi Phuong, Xu, Zai-Fu (2017): First record of the genus Zethus Fabricius, 1804 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Eumeninae) from China with description of a new species. Zootaxa 4272 (4): 596-600, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4272.4.10
03A787A4697E676AA48C95DAFB67C33A.taxon	description	Description. Female. Body length 12.5 mm; fore wing length 11.5 mm. Head in frontal view wider than high, 1.3 × as wide as high (Fig. 6). Vertex slightly produced behind eye. Frontal ocellus diameter 0.6 × diameter of antennal socket. Distance from posterior ocelli to apical margin of vertex 2.2 × as long as distance from posterior ocelli to inner eye margin. Area around ocelli slightly swollen. Gena narrower than eye, in lateral view 0.7 × as wide as eye. Occipital carina complete, clearly present along entire length of gena. Inner eye margins slightly convergent ventrally; in frontal view distance of inner eye margins at vertex 1.1 × than those at clypeus. Short median carina located between antennal sockets. Clypeus in lateral view gradually convex from base to apical margin; in frontal view wider than high, 1.2 × as wide as high, with basal margin emarginated, slightly concave medially and close to antennal sockets, apical margin truncated, width of truncation 1 / 3 × width of clypeus between inner eye margins. Mandible with four prominent teeth. Scape 2.8 × as long as its maximum width; F 1 1.5 × as long as its maximum width, F 2 as long as wide, F 3 – F 9 wider than long, F 10 bullet-shaped, as long as its basal width. Mesosoma longer than wide, 1.3 × as long as wide in dorsal view. Pronotal carina raised, produced at humeral angles, reaching ventral corner of pronotum. Mesoscutum with notaulices developed (presenting from posterior margin to lateral margin of mesoscutum), in lateral view weakly convex, as long as wide between tegulae; anterior margin broadly rounded. Scutellum flattened, slightly depressed in the middle, in lateral view at same level as mesoscutum, strongly depressed along anterior margin with 8 – 9 short longitudinal carinae. Metanotum slightly sloping down posteriorly. Propodeum dull, without lateral carinae, with median part deeply concave, basal fovea about one third of length of median carina from fovea to apical margin (Fig. 7), submarginal carina produced into pointed lamella. Metasomal segment 1 petiolate, long and slender (Fig. 8) (but thicker than in Z. malayanus), T 1 2.5 × as long as wide, in dorsal view gradually widening from one-sixth of tergum from base, then narrowly toward apical margin, with maximum width 3 × its basal width, with medial carina from basal margin to near apical margin, tergum and sternum fused, with distinct suture between them throughout segment, in lateral view abruptly swollen near base, then gradually convex and depressed near apical margin, with dorsal margin nearly parallel to ventral margin (Fig. 8). Metasomal segment 2 petiolate at base. T 2 in dorsal view gradually widen from base to half then narrowly apically, longer than wide, 1.4 × as long as wide. S 2 in lateral view gradually convex from base to apical margin (Fig. 8). T 2 and S 2 with well developed and raised apical lamella, T 3 with thick apical lamella, not raised. Body with rather long, golden setae. Clypeus with dense, deep and large punctures, each bearing long bristle, borders between punctures with some micro punctures. Mandible with small and deep punctures, each bearing shorter and thicker bristle. Frons densely with dense deep, large and flat-bottomed punctures, border between punctures slightly raised. Vertex and gena with dense, deep, and well-defined punctures, borders between punctures smooth. Pronotum with coarse and dense punctures medially, borders between punctures raised to form reticulation, lateral part along pronotal carina with transverse striae. Mesocutum with large, dense flat-bottomed punctures, area between punctures slightly raised. Punctures on scutellum similar to those on mesoscutum posteriorly. Punctures on metanotum deeper than those on scutellum. Mesepisternum dorsally with dense, deep and large punctures, sparser ventrally, barely punctured anteroventrally. Metapleuron with strong and short striae in dorsal area, with some shallow punctures in ventral area. Propodeum with some oblique striae along each side of median carina, with sparse, small and deep punctures laterally, with shallow and large punctures dorsally and posteriorly, borders between punctures raised to form reticulation, dorsal part with smooth area. T 1 with dense and coarse punctures; punctures on T 2 much finer and smaller, area between punctures smooth, about 2 – 3 × larger than puncture diameter, punctures near base of T 2 denser and larger than those in other part of tergum; T 3 with dense and deep punctures near apical margin; punctures on T 3 – T 6 smaller and sparser, punctures on disc of S 2 smaller and sparser than those on T 2, punctures near lateral margin denser and larger than those on disc. Color. Black. Propodeal valvulae ferruginous. Wings slightly infuscate, veins dark brown. Male. Unknown.	en	Nguyen, Lien Thi Phuong, Xu, Zai-Fu (2017): First record of the genus Zethus Fabricius, 1804 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Eumeninae) from China with description of a new species. Zootaxa 4272 (4): 596-600, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4272.4.10
03A787A4697E676AA48C95DAFB67C33A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Guangdong).	en	Nguyen, Lien Thi Phuong, Xu, Zai-Fu (2017): First record of the genus Zethus Fabricius, 1804 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Eumeninae) from China with description of a new species. Zootaxa 4272 (4): 596-600, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4272.4.10
03A787A4697E676AA48C95DAFB67C33A.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name refers to the type locality, Nanling, China.	en	Nguyen, Lien Thi Phuong, Xu, Zai-Fu (2017): First record of the genus Zethus Fabricius, 1804 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Eumeninae) from China with description of a new species. Zootaxa 4272 (4): 596-600, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4272.4.10
03A787A4697E676AA48C95DAFB67C33A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The female of new species is most similar to Zethus malayanus Gusenleitner, 2010 and Z. propodeus Nguyen & Carpenter, 2017, but can be easily distinguished from Z. malayanus by having the metasomal segment 2 petiolate but shorter than in Z. malayanus, metasomal segment 1 in dorsal view gradually widening from one-sixth of the tergum from base, then narrowly toward apical margin (metasomal segment 1 in dorsal view nearly parallel in Z. malayanus), and can be distinguished from Z. propodeus by submarginal carina produced into pointed lamella above propodeal valvulae (submarginal carina produced into short and round lamella above propodeal valvulae in Z. propodeus).	en	Nguyen, Lien Thi Phuong, Xu, Zai-Fu (2017): First record of the genus Zethus Fabricius, 1804 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Eumeninae) from China with description of a new species. Zootaxa 4272 (4): 596-600, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4272.4.10
