identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03993C2AFFA83200B8ACFA92FC015E3C.text	03993C2AFFA83200B8ACFA92FC015E3C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tritonus Mulsant	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Tritonus Mulsant</p>
            <p> Tritonus Mulsant, 1844: 378 . (Masculine) </p>
            <p> Type Species.  Hydrobius cribratus Mulsant (original designation) </p>
            <p> Diagnosis. Body size large: 6.2–9.0 mm. Within the  Laccobiini ,  Tritonus can be characterized by the following characters: Antennae 9-segmented. Abdomen with five ventrites; large glabrous region on ventrites 2– 5. Head, pronotum and elytra each with distinct systematic punctures. Posterolateral margins of the pronotum not spinose. Prosternum, procoxae, and mesoventrite all without spines. The genus contains the largest known members of the tribe. </p>
            <p> Description. Form narrowly to very broadly oval. Head. Systematic punctures present on the lateral margins of the clypeus and frons; absent or undetectable on the labrum. Ground punctation fine to coarse; not uniform in size. Labrum small, often retracted beneath or not extending beyond the anterior margin of the clypeus such that it is not visible from above. Mentum quadrate (Figs. 2 b, 3b), slightly depressed at lateral margins; often with fine to coarse microsculpture consisting of fine transverse microreticulation. Maxillary palps very short, always shorter than width of labrum; apical segment longer than penultimate (Fig. 14). Antennae 9-segmented, including a 3-segmented pubescent club. Dorsal surface of the eyes not bulging, in the same plane as the surface of the head. Thorax. Pronotum with systematic punctures forming anterolateral and posterolateral series; each series forming an irregular arc or row; systematic punctures larger than ground punctation. Posterolateral corners of pronotum rounded, never angulate or spinose. Prosternum (Figs. 7–8) with a low median carina which may be fine and without a strong ridge (  T. steineri ), or more commonly, strongly ridged (  T. complanatus ,  T. cribratus ). Mesoanepiplerual sutures straight, giving the mesoventrite a diamond-shaped appearance (Fig. 6). Ten very fine rows of elytral serial punctures are distinct in  T. complanatus , but not discernable (or absent) in the remaining species, although some rows of coarse punctures may represent serial punctures in addition to systematic punctures. Five rows of elytral systematic punctures present although frequently difficult to distinguish from enlarged serial punctures in some species (e.g.  T. complanatus ). Elytra with sutural stria at least in posterior half (Figs. 4–5). Interior of elytra with a small roughened region (=plectrum; Fig. 10) along the central margin. Procoxae (Figs. 7–8) finely pubescent, without thickened setae or spines. Hind femora entirely glabrous (Fig. 13). All tarsi with five segments. Meso- and metatarsi with two rows of ventral spicules and a dorsal row of fine setae. Abdomen. Abdomen with five exposed ventrites (Fig. 11). Abdominal ventrites 2 to 5 each with median glabrous region, varying in width and length; ventrite 1 often with a small, posteromedial glabrous margin, but not as extensive as the region of the other ventrites. Anterior margin of ventrites 3 and 4 sometimes slightly to strongly crenulate. Ventrite 5 entire, without apical emargination. Laterosternite 3 with a distinct, ridged stridulatory file (Fig. 9). Aedeagus of the simple tri-lobed type, with parameres and median lobe generally unmodified. </p>
            <p> Discussion. Members of  Tritonus are rather large water scavenger beetles, and represent the largest members of the tribe  Laccobiini . Indeed, some species (  T. complanatus ) are larger than all but a few lineages of the family as a whole. Although rare in collections (less than 100 specimens are known to me, more than half representing just one of the seven species), this appears to be an artifact of collector bias rather than actual abundance. Most collectors who have examined hygropetric habitats in Madagascar have collected series of the genus, and frequently more than one species. </p>
            <p> Within the  Oocyclus -group,  Tritonus appears to be most similar to the presently monotypic genus  Scoliopsis d’Orchymont , which is known from Sri Lanka (and with unpublished records from southern India). Both these genera share broadly glabrous regions on abdominal ventrites, distinct sutural stria, and 9-segmented antennae; conversely,  Beralitra d’Orchymont ,  Ophthalmocyclus Komarek and  Oocyclus Sharp each possess entirely pubescent abdominal ventrites, lack sutural striae, and have 8-segmented antennae. However, unlike  Tritonus ,  Scoliopsis also possesses spinose posterolateral margins of the pronotum and coarse spines on the prosternum and mesoventrite (features also found in some  Oocyclus ). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03993C2AFFA83200B8ACFA92FC015E3C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Short, Andrew Edward Z.	Short, Andrew Edward Z. (2008): Revision of the Afrotropical genus Tritonus Mulsant (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Zootaxa 1855: 41-55, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.183532
03993C2AFFA93207B8ACFA1AFA5059E4.text	03993C2AFFA93207B8ACFA1AFA5059E4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tritonus Mulsant	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Key to the species of  Tritonus Mulsant</p>
            <p>1 Size smaller, less than 8.0 mm. Elytra not broadly flattened laterally; at most very slightly explanate. Ground punctation variable.........................................................................................................................2</p>
            <p> - Size larger, greater than 8.0 mm. Elytra broadly flattened and explanate along margins. Ground punctation very fine to appearing absent .......................................................................................  T. complanatus sp.n.</p>
            <p>2 Ground punctation on elytra irregular in size, including very coarse punctures that are of similar size to the pronotal and elytral systematic punctures. Prosternum with distinct median carina.............................3</p>
            <p>- Ground punctation on elytra fine to very fine, easily distinguished from the larger systematic (setiferous) punctures. Prosternum without a distinct median carina; at most slightly elevated anteriorly...................4</p>
            <p> 3 Carina of the mesoventrite raised anteriorly such that the carinal surface is not in a uniform plane............ ...........................................................................................................................................  T. riambavy sp.n.</p>
            <p> - Carina of the mesoventrite low and even; not raised anteriorly ...........................................  T. steineri sp.n.</p>
            <p>4 Glabrous region on abdominal ventrite 1 narrow, extending distinctly less than half the length of the ventrite. Lateral margins of elytra parallel sided. Posterior margins of abdominal ventrites 2 and 3 never</p>
            <p>strongly crenulate (e.g. Fig. 11)...................................................................................................................6 - Glabrous region on abdominal ventrite 1 broad and distinct, extending towards the thorax at least half the length of the ventrite. Lateral margins of elytra slightly rounded, giving the habitus a more evenly ovoid appearance. Posterior margins of abdominal ventrites 2 and 3 sometimes strongly crenulate (e.g. Fig. 12).....................................................................................................................................................................5</p>
            <p> 5 Anterior margins of abdominal ventrites 2 and 3 indistinctly crenulate. Size smaller (6.6–7.1 mm)........... .................................................................................................................................................  T. riana sp.n.</p>
            <p> - Anterior margins of abdominal ventrites 2 and 3 coarsely crenulate (Fig. 12). Size larger (7.1–7.6 mm) ... .........................................................................................................................................  T. crenulatus sp.n.</p>
            <p> 6 Lateral angles of clypeus evenly rounded, not quadrate. Carina of the mesoventrite forming a high, linear, glabrous ridge. Metafemora with sparse, inconspicuous microreticulation. Madagascar ............................. ..............................................................................................................................  T. madagascarensis sp.n.</p>
            <p> - Lateral angles of clypeus smoothly quadrate. Carina of the mesoventrite forming a low, glabrous ridge. Metafemora with very distinct microreticulation covering the entire surface. Mauritius ............................. ...................................................................................................................................  T. cribratus (Mulsant)</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03993C2AFFA93207B8ACFA1AFA5059E4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Short, Andrew Edward Z.	Short, Andrew Edward Z. (2008): Revision of the Afrotropical genus Tritonus Mulsant (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Zootaxa 1855: 41-55, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.183532
03993C2AFFAE3204B8ACFCB2FD005A7C.text	03993C2AFFAE3204B8ACFCB2FD005A7C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tritonus complanatus	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Tritonus complanatus sp.n.</p>
            <p>(Figs. 1–2, 4, 6–7, 9–10, 13, 21)</p>
            <p> Type Material. Holotype (male): “ MADAGASCAR (144): Antsiranana/ Andapa: R. Masiaposa (Crossing R.N./ 3b at km 5–6) about &amp; km upstr. Road/ bridge, 700 m, 10.xi.2001 / Gerecke &amp; Goldschmidt” (NMW). Paratypes (47): MADAGASCAR: Antananarivo Province: Manakambahiny, 15.ii.1990, W.E. Steiner, leg., “in seepage over exposed granite cliff face” (3, NMNH, MCZ); Antsiranana Province: Andapa, right affl. R. Ambendrana, downstream of large cascade, 660m, 11.xi.2002, Gerecke &amp; Goldschmidt, leg., 147 (4, NMW); Andapa, “R. Masiaposa (Crossing R. N. 3b at km 5–6) about &amp; km upstream road bridge”, 700m, 10.xi.2001, Gerecke &amp; Goldschmidt, leg., 144 (14, FHC, KSEM, NMW, NMPC); Mt. D’Ambre Forest Reserve, stream at Grand Cascade, 617m, 13.xi.1986, J.T. &amp; D.A. Polhemus, CL2278 (1, CAS); Antsabe, 13.6093°S, 48.7212°E, 23.xi.2004, M. Balke, leg. (9, KSEM, NHML); Fianarantsoa Province: Andrambouato, large cascade 3km E. of village, 820m, 20.viii.2001, Gerecke &amp; Goldschmidt, leg., 0 37 (1, NMW); Abohimahasoa, village hotel Riandrano, alt. 1208m, 21 6.203’S, 47 12.144’E, 6.v.2006, “hygropetric surface next to waterfall”, J. Bergsten, leg., “Loc. P37A” (4, NHML); Andringitra National Park,  Riambavy river (Female) cascade, 1739m, 8.c.2006, 22 8.761’S, 46 53.495’E, “wet rock surfaces next to high waterfall”, J. Bergsten, leg., “Loc. P39A” (1, NHML); Tananarive Province: Tananarive, waterfall and seeps nr. Queen’s palace, 1310m, 24.x.1986, J.T &amp; D.A. Polhemus, CL2233 (10, CAS). </p>
            <p> Diagnosis. The large size and broadly oval, nearly circular body form serve to easily distinguish this species from all other members of the genus.  Tritonus crenulatus is somewhat similar in shape, but is distinctly smaller and possesses strongly crenulate anterior margins of abdominal ventrites 2 and 3. </p>
            <p>Description. Total length 8.2–9.0 mm. Color. Dorsum black with general shagreen (Fig. 1); most specimens lacking iridescent patches on elytra, with a minority of specimens possess distinct green iridescent spots laterally. Head. Ground punctation fine to moderately coarse; irregular in size (Fig. 2). Systematic punctures distinct; 3–4× as large as largest surrounding ground punctures; on clypeus bearing short decumbent setae; those on frons anterior to each eye relatively long and erect. Antennae with club subequal in length to antennomeres 2–6 combined. Maxillary palpi short, apical palpomere ca. 1.6× length of penultimate palpomere; penultimate palpomere distinctly shorter than segment 2. Mentum with anterior margin slightly convex; anterior half with fine transverse microsculpture; entire mentum with fine to moderately coarse, irregularly scattered punctures. Anterior margin of head very wide, quadrate in shape. Thorax. Ground punctation on pronotum and elytra extremely fine, not detectable in some specimens. Pronotal and elytral systematic punctures large and distinct; bearing short setae. Ten rows of fine serial punctures are present in most specimens examined, which appear distinctly larger than ground punctation but less than half the size of the systematic punctures. Prosternum (Fig. 7) slightly tectiform with a sharp, narrow and glabrous median carina; not distinctly elevated or dilated at anterior margin. Mesoventrite (Fig. 6) elevated medially into a distinct narrow carina; surface of carina narrowly glabrous. Carina slightly depressed, appearing almost concave in lateral view. Metasternum with large elevated glabrous region that is slightly less than half as wide as long. Metafemora with moderately impressed microsculpture over most of ventral surface; proximally in the form of tiny punctures and blending distally to form of fine transverse wavy lines. Abdomen. Posteromedial glabrous region of ventrite 1 reduced, almost appearing absent. Glabrous region of ventrite 2 semi-circular to subtriangular in shape; ca. 0.3 the width of the ventrite. Anterior margins of ventrites 1–3 not crenulate, but with a loosely wrinkled appearance. Aedeagus as in Fig. 21.</p>
            <p> Variation. Many specimens of  T. complanatus exhibit the normal shiny black and smooth dorsal appearance, which is similar to all other known species in the genus (and most members of the  Oocyclus -group). However, there are a number of specimens from several collecting events in which the dorsal surface appears dull and brownish. When viewed under a microscope, the surface of these specimens is rough and coarse; the surface of “normal” specimens is smooth. I originally interpreted this difference to indicate these were two species; however, further examination of other characters, including the genitalia did not reveal any substantive differences. Even more telling, a few specimens also appear to have patches of both types of dorsal sculpture, leading me to conclude the rough-surfaced specimens represent some aberration, or are possibly caused by physical and/or chemical abrasion. I suspect the latter may be the cause because the entire surface appears to be effaced, such that the ground punctation is no longer visible and the systematic punctures appear shallower. </p>
            <p>Etymology. Named for the broadly explanate lateral margins of the elytra and pronotum, which are distinctive of this species.</p>
            <p>Distribution. Madagascar.</p>
            <p> Remarks. This species is the most distinctive member of the genus and apparently the most frequently encountered.  Tritonus complanatus has been collected in many regions of Madagascar, and accounts for more than half all the known specimens of the genus. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03993C2AFFAE3204B8ACFCB2FD005A7C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Short, Andrew Edward Z.	Short, Andrew Edward Z. (2008): Revision of the Afrotropical genus Tritonus Mulsant (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Zootaxa 1855: 41-55, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.183532
03993C2AFFAD320BB8ACF918FC605DB9.text	03993C2AFFAD320BB8ACF918FC605DB9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tritonus crenulatus	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Tritonus crenulatus sp.n.</p>
            <p>(Figs. 12, 20)</p>
            <p>Type Material. Holotype (male): “ MADAGASCAR / Antananarivo/ Manakambahiny/ 15 February 1990 / W. E. Steiner”, “In seepage over/ exposed granite/ cliff face”. (NMNH). Paratypes (16). same data as holotype (16, NMNH, NMPC, KSEM).</p>
            <p> Diagnosis. The coarsely crenulate anterior margins of abdominal ventrites 2 and 3 will serve to distinguish this species from all others. It is very similar to the slightly smaller  T. riana , but this species has much less coarse crenulations. </p>
            <p>Description. Total length 7.1–7.6 mm. Color: Dorsum black with general shagreen. Pronotum with a few dark black patches around margins. Elytra with indistinct green iridescent patches along lateral margins. Head. Ground punctation fine but distinct; irregular in size. Systematic punctures distinct; 3× as large as largest surrounding ground punctures; on clypeus bearing short decumbent setae; those on frons anterior to each eye relatively long and erect. Antennae with club distinctly shorter in length than antennomeres 2–6 combined. Maxillary palpi short, apical segment ca. 1.2× length of penultimate segment; penultimate segment and segment 2 subequal in length. Mentum with anterior margin slightly convex; anterior half with fine to very fine, transverse microsculpture; entire mentum with fine, irregularly scattered punctures. Anterior margin of head moderately wide and broadly rounded. Thorax. Ground punctation on pronotum and elytra fine, slightly finer than ground punctation on head. Pronotal and elytral systematic punctures large and distinct; bearing short setae. Prosternum slightly tectiform with a sharp, narrow and glabrous median carina; not distinctly elevated or dilated at anterior margin. Mesoventrite elevated medially into a carina, with anterior half slightly more elevated than posterior half; surface of carina narrowly glabrous. Metasternum with large elevated glabrous region that half as wide as long. Metafemora glabrous and shiny on basal third; apical two thirds dull, with moderately impressed microsculpture in the form of fine transverse wavy lines. Abdomen. Posteromedial glabrous region of ventrite 1 moderately small, slightly more than half as wide as glabrous region on ventrite 2. Glabrous region of ventrite hemi-ovoid to subtriangular in shape; about one third the width of the ventrite. Anterior margin of ventrite 2 coarsely and deeply crenulate; margins of ventrites 1, 3 and 4 weakly but distinctly crenulate. Aedeagus as in Fig. 20.</p>
            <p>Etymology. Named for the coarsely crenulate margins of abdominal ventrites 2 and 3, which are distinctive of this species.</p>
            <p>Distribution. Madagascar. Known only from the type locality.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03993C2AFFAD320BB8ACF918FC605DB9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Short, Andrew Edward Z.	Short, Andrew Edward Z. (2008): Revision of the Afrotropical genus Tritonus Mulsant (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Zootaxa 1855: 41-55, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.183532
03993C2AFFA23209B8ACF898FBDF5944.text	03993C2AFFA23209B8ACF898FBDF5944.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tritonus cribratus (Mulsant 1844) Mulsant 1844	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Tritonus cribratus (Mulsant, 1844)</p>
            <p>(Fig. 18)</p>
            <p> Cyclonotum cribratum Dejean, 1833: 134 . nomen nudum.  Hydrobius cribratus Mulsant, 1844: 377 . </p>
            <p> Tritonus cribratus (Mulsant) ; Mulsant, 1844: 378. </p>
            <p>Material Examined (7). MAURITIUS: “Cabinet”, iv.1957, J. Vinson (3, NHML); “Cabinet”, 26.xii.1957, J. Vinson (1, NHML); “Cabinet”, 8.ii.1958, J. Vinson (3, KSEM, NHML).</p>
            <p> Diagnosis. In addition to being the only species presently known from Mauritius,  T. cribratus can be distinguished by the exceptionally coarse systematic punctures and fine to almost obscure ground punctures, the low, finely but evenly carinate mesoventrite, and evenly microreticulate metafemora. </p>
            <p>Description. Total length 6.3–6.9 mm. Color. Dorsum black with a general shagreen. Pronotum with dark black patches around margins. Elytra with bright iridescent blue-green spots on lateral halves. Head. Ground punctation irregular in size, composed of fine to moderately coarse punctures Systematic punctures much larger, ca. 4× the size of largest surrounding ground punctures; on clypeus bearing short decumbent setae; those on frons anterior to each eye relatively long and erect. Antennae with club subequal to slightly longer in length to segments 2–6. Maxillary palpi short, apical segment ca. 1.6× length of penultimate segment; penultimate segment slightly shorter than segment 2. Mentum with anterior margin convex; anteriorly with fine to moderately coarse, transverse microsculpture; posteriorly with irregularly scattered punctures. Anterior margin of head subquadrate, broadly and evenly rounded. Thorax. Ground punctation on pronotum and elytra of dense and fine; composed of irregular sizes and slightly smaller than those of the head. Pronotal systematic punctures very large and distinct; bearing short setae. Elytral systematic punctures bearing short setae and similar in size to slightly larger than pronotal systematic punctures. Prosternum strongly bulged centrally, with a low but distinct, narrowly glabrous median carina; without an anteromedial tooth. Mesoventrite with slightly elevated region centrally with a distinct linear carina; surface of carina glabrous. Metasternum with very large elevated pentagonal glabrous region, almost twice as wide as long. Metafemora mostly covered with weakly impressed microsculpture except for central region. Abdomen. Posteromedial glabrous region of ventrite 1 present but very small, ca. one fourth to one fifth as wide as region on ventrite 2. Glabrous region of ventrite 2 moderately broad, hemispherical in shape; one fourth the width of the ventrite. Anterior margins of ventrites 1–3 not crenulate, but with a loosely wrinkled appearance. Aedeagus as in Fig. 18.</p>
            <p>Distribution. Endemic to Mauritius (d’Orchymont 1929, Bameul 1986).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03993C2AFFA23209B8ACF898FBDF5944	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Short, Andrew Edward Z.	Short, Andrew Edward Z. (2008): Revision of the Afrotropical genus Tritonus Mulsant (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Zootaxa 1855: 41-55, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.183532
03993C2AFFA0320FB8ACF97DFC60585C.text	03993C2AFFA0320FB8ACF97DFC60585C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tritonus madagascarensis	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Tritonus madagascarensis sp.n.</p>
            <p>(Fig. 19)</p>
            <p>Type Material. Holotype (male): “ MADAGASCAR (144): Antsiranana/ Andapa: R. Masiaposa (Crossing R.N./ 3b at km 5–6) about &amp; km upstr. Road/ bridge, 700 m, 10.xi.2001 / Gerecke &amp; Goldschmidt” (NMW). Paratype (1): Same data as holotype (1, KSEM).</p>
            <p> Diagnosis. This species is most similar to the Mauritian endemic  T. cribratus , from which it can be distinguished by the less pronounced systematic punctures, and lack of distinct microreticulation of the metafemora. Other species of similar size and shape (e.g.  T. riambavy ,  T. steineri ) possess much coarser ground punctation. </p>
            <p>Description. Total length 6.4 mm. Color. Dorsum black with a general shagreen. Pronotum with a few dark black patches around margins. Elytra with indistinct green iridescent patches along distal margins. Head.</p>
            <p>Ground punctation fine to very fine; irregular in size. Systematic punctures distinct; 3– 4 x as large as largest surrounding ground punctures; on clypeus bearing short decumbent setae; those on frons anterior to each eye relatively long and erect. Antennae with club distinctly shorter in length than segments 2–6 combined. Maxillary palpi short, apical segment ca. 1.5× length of penultimate segment; penultimate segment and segment 2 subequal in length. Mentum with anterior margin slightly convex; anterior third with coarse, transverse microsculpture; posteriorly with a few fine, irregularly scattered punctures. Anterior margin of head moderately wide and broadly rounded. Thorax. Ground punctation on pronotum and elytra very fine; almost appearing absent. Pronotal and elytral systematic punctures large and distinct; bearing short setae. Prosternum slightly tectiform with a sharp, narrow and glabrous median carina. Median carina distinctly elevated and slightly dilated at anterior margin. Mesoventrite elevated medially into a distinct narrow carina; surface of carina narrowly glabrous. Carina slightly depressed, appearing almost concave in lateral view. Metasternum with large elevated glabrous region that is ca. one third as wide as long. Metafemora glabrous and shiny; weakly impressed microsculpture present, but barely detectable on central face of femora. Abdomen. Posteromedial glabrous region of ventrite 1 small, somewhat indistinct, less than one third as wide as region on ventrite 2. Glabrous region of ventrite hemi-ovoid; distinctly less than one third the width of the ventrite. Anterior margins of ventrites 2–4 appearing finely crenulate. Aedeagus as in Fig. 19.</p>
            <p>Etymology. Named for the country of Madagascar.</p>
            <p>Distribution. Madagascar. Known only from the type locality.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03993C2AFFA0320FB8ACF97DFC60585C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Short, Andrew Edward Z.	Short, Andrew Edward Z. (2008): Revision of the Afrotropical genus Tritonus Mulsant (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Zootaxa 1855: 41-55, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.183532
03993C2AFFA6320FB8ACFC3FFEB45D91.text	03993C2AFFA6320FB8ACFC3FFEB45D91.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tritonus riana	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Tritonus riana sp.n.</p>
            <p>(Fig. 15)</p>
            <p>Type Material. Holotype (male): “ MADAGASCAR, 19.xi.2007 / Taolagnaro env., Pic Louis mt./ 25 0’33.09”S 46 58’4.91”E/ hygropetric rock, D. Travnicek lgt.” (MSEM). Paratypes (6): Same data as holotype (5, MSEM, KSEM); MADAGASCAR: 21 km NE of Esira, Col de Marotaolana, 1100–1200 m, 1– 2.ii.2004, P. Bulirsch (1, NMPC).</p>
            <p> Diagnosis. Very similar to  T. crenulatus ; see description below for comparison. </p>
            <p> Description. Total length 6.7–7.1 mm. This species is very similar to  T. crenulatus , with the following differences: smaller size, the median carina of the mesoventrite is more markedly elevated anteriorly, and the crenulations on the anterior margins of ventrites 2 and 3 are present but much less coarse (e.g. intermediate between Figs. 11 and 12). Aedeagus as in Fig. 15. </p>
            <p>Etymology. This species is named for the Malagasy word for “cascade” or “waterfall”; it is to be treated as noun in apposition.</p>
            <p>Distribution. Madagascar.</p>
            <p> Remarks. I had initially considered the single specimen from “ 21 km NE of Esira” to be a possible variant of  T. crenulatus , but examination of the additional series provided by D. Travníèek (MSEM) revealed the consistent morphological and size differences provided in the description; consequently, I here consider them as distinct species. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03993C2AFFA6320FB8ACFC3FFEB45D91	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Short, Andrew Edward Z.	Short, Andrew Edward Z. (2008): Revision of the Afrotropical genus Tritonus Mulsant (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Zootaxa 1855: 41-55, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.183532
03993C2AFFA6320EB8ACF962FC6058D4.text	03993C2AFFA6320EB8ACF962FC6058D4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tritonus riambavy	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Tritonus riambavy sp.n.</p>
            <p>(Figs. 3, 5, 8, 11, 13, 17)</p>
            <p> Type Material. Holotype (male): “ NHML 742778 MSL 163/ Madagascar: Fianarantsoa: Andringitra N.P./  Riambavy River (female) cascade: alt 1739m / 08:V:2006: Lat –22 8.761 Lon 46 53.495/ Hygropetric habitat, wet rock surfaces next to/ high waterfall: Leg. J. Bergsten Loc P39A” (NHML). Paratypes (3): Same data as holotype (3, NHML, KSEM). </p>
            <p> Diagnosis. See diagnosis of  T. steineri . </p>
            <p>Description. Total length 6.2–6.6 mm. Color: Dorsum black with general shagreen; with distinct yellow or greenish iridescent patches on elytra. Head. Ground punctation coarse; irregular in size (Fig. 3). Systematic punctures present but only slightly larger than surrounding ground punctures; on clypeus bearing short decumbent setae; those on frons anterior to each eye relatively long and erect. Antennae with club subequal in length to antennomeres 2–6 combined. Maxillary palpi short, apical segment ca. 1.6× length of penultimate segment; penultimate segment distinctly shorter than segment 2. Mentum with anterior margin slightly convex; anterior half with fine transverse microsculpture; entire mentum with fine to moderately coarse, irregularly scattered punctures. Anterior margin of head evenly rounded. Thorax. Ground punctation on pronotum and elytra of very irregular in size, varying from very fine to very coarse. Pronotal and elytral systematic punctures present, but somewhat obscured by coarse ground punctures (Fig. 5), which are similar in size; bearing short setae. Prosternum (Fig. 8) slightly tectiform an indistinct, very narrow and median line that is not distinctly elevated into a carina; not distinctly elevated or dilated at anterior margin. Mesoventrite slightly elevated medially into a carina, with anterior and posterior ends of carina glabrous and more elevated than central, pubescent region. Metasternum with large elevated glabrous region that is three-quarters as wide as long. Metafemora without distinct microsculpture over most of ventral surface. Abdomen. Posteromedial glabrous region of ventrite 1 distinct, ca. 0.15 the width of the ventrite. Glabrous region of ventrite 2 semi-circular to subtriangular in shape; ca. 0.30 the width of the ventrite. Anterior margins of ventrites 1–3 not crenulate, but with a loosely wrinkled appearance. Aedeagus as in Fig. 17.</p>
            <p>Etymology. Named for the river from which it was collected.</p>
            <p>Distribution. Madagascar. Known only from the type locality.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03993C2AFFA6320EB8ACF962FC6058D4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Short, Andrew Edward Z.	Short, Andrew Edward Z. (2008): Revision of the Afrotropical genus Tritonus Mulsant (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Zootaxa 1855: 41-55, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.183532
03993C2AFFA7320DB8ACFBA2FC60591C.text	03993C2AFFA7320DB8ACFBA2FC60591C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tritonus steineri	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Tritonus steineri sp.n.</p>
            <p>(Fig. 16)</p>
            <p>Type Material. Holotype (male): “ MADAGASCAR: Prov./ Fianarantsoa, 32 km / S. Ambositra, 1400 m / 25 March 1990 ”, “In seepage over/ exposed granite/ cliff face”, “W. E. Steiner,/ C. Kremen,/ V. Razafimahatratra/ collectors” (NMNH).</p>
            <p> Diagnosis. This species is most similar to  T. riambavy , which it can be distinguished by the less anteriorly elevated carina of the mesoventrite. The generally coarse ground punctation, which obscures the comparatively small systematic punctures, also serves to distinguish this species from the remaining members of the genus. </p>
            <p>Description. Total length 6.4 mm. Color. Dorsum black with a general shagreen. Pronotum with dark black patches around margins. Elytra with bright iridescent blue-green spots an distal halves. Head. Ground punctation irregular in size, composed of fine, barely detectable points to larger punctures nearly as large as systematic punctures. Systematic punctures barely larger than the largest surrounding ground punctures; on clypeus bearing short decumbent setae; those on frons anterior to each eye relatively long and erect. Antennae with club subequal in length to segments 2–6. Maxillary palpi short, apical segment 1.5× length of penultimate segment; penultimate segment and segment 2 subequal in length. Mentum with anterior margin convex; anteriorly with coarse, transverse and microsculpture; posteriorly with a few irregularly scattered punctures. Anterior margin of head broadly and evenly rounded. Thorax. Ground punctation on pronotum and elytra of dense and course; composed of mixed, irregular sizes that are slightly larger than those of the head. Pronotal systematic punctures slightly but distinctly larger than largest surrounding ground punctation and bearing short setae. Elytral systematic punctures bearing short setae and similar in size to largest surrounding ground punctures. Prosternum strongly bulged centrally, but without sharp median carina; with a small, blunt anteromedial tooth. Mesoventrite with broad, slightly elevated region centrally but without a distinct carina; anterior third of raised area forming a low, narrow pubescent ridge; anterior margin of raised area with a small, glabrous tubercle that is not elevated higher than the level of the surrounding raised area. Metasternum with very large elevated pentagonal glabrous region, almost twice as wide as long. Metafemora glabrous and shiny; weakly impressed microsculpture present but restricted to extreme anterior and distal margins. Abdomen. Posteromedial glabrous region of ventrite 1 distinct, ca. 0.75 as wide as region on ventrite 2. Glabrous region of ventrite 2 broad, nearly trapezoidal in shape; one 0.33 the width of the ventrite. Anterior margins of ventrites 1–3 not crenulate, but with a loosely wrinkled appearance. Aedeagus as in Fig. 16.</p>
            <p>Etymology. Named in honor of Warren E. Steiner, Jr., collector of this new species and a person who has helped the author during numerous visits to the US National Museum.</p>
            <p>Distribution. Madagascar. Known only from the type locality.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03993C2AFFA7320DB8ACFBA2FC60591C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Short, Andrew Edward Z.	Short, Andrew Edward Z. (2008): Revision of the Afrotropical genus Tritonus Mulsant (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Zootaxa 1855: 41-55, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.183532
