identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
039B8789F50EFF96FCDF9819FDA4FE07.text	039B8789F50EFF96FCDF9819FDA4FE07.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euryops dasyphyllus J. H. J. Vlok	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 3.1.  Euryops dasyphyllus J.H.J.Vlok, Sp. nov</p>
            <p> ePagEuryops dasyphyllus B.Nord. &amp; Vlok ms.(Manning and Goldblatt, 2012) </p>
            <p>  Type: South Africa, Western Cape Province, Ladismith (3320):  Anysberg Nature Reserve , about 10 km west of  Touwsfontein house, (-CB), 650 m, 19 May 1989, J.H.J.Vlok 2121 (NBG, holo.;  S, PRE, iso.) . </p>
            <p> Single-stemmed, divaricately branched shrub up to 60 cm tall; young branches densely leafy, leaves persisting a maximum of two years on a branch. Leaves erect with tips spreading, 6—16 X 1 mm, simple, terete with deep, narrow groove adaxially, acuminate with a small, reddish-brown mucro, lanate-pubescent with white, dendritic trichomes. Peduncles terminal, solitary, 90—260 mm long, ca. 1 mm thick, reddish-brown. Involucre widely cup-shaped, 8—10 mm diam. Involucral bracts uniseriate, 11 or 12 glabrous, limbs connate for ca. half their length, lanceolate, 6—7 X 2—3 mm, 3-veined, membranous along upper margin, minutely ciliate-puberulous towards acuminate tip. Ray fl orets 8 to 10; corolla yellow, tube cylindrical, 2 mm long; lamina oblong, 10—12 mm long, 5-veined; style branches recurved, ca. 1 mm long. Disc fl orets 40 to 50; corolla yellow, 5—6 mm long; tube cylindrical, 2—3 mm long; limb campanulate, 3—4 mm long, with triangular-acute lobes. Anthers 2 mm long with lanceolate appendage. Style terete with base swollen, style branches recurved, ca. 1 mm long.  Pappus 0. Cypselas obovate, ca. 1.0 X 0.75 mm, tuberculate, surface densely covered with minute white papillae; ridges not prominent. (Fig. 1; Plate 1). </p>
            <p>Flowering period: May. Plants respond rapidly to rain and flower within three weeks after rain. Flowering may thus depend on rainfall events, rather than the season.</p>
            <p> Distribution and ecology:  Euryops dasyphyllus is known only from the Ladismith district where it occurs in Succulent Karoo vegetation, more specifically in the Western Little Karoo vegetation unit sensu Mucina and Rutherford (2006). At a finer scale Vlok and Schutte-Vlok (2015) described this vegetation as Scholtzbosveld, a vegetation unit in which  Pteronia pallens L.f. is the dominant species.  E. dasyphyllus occurs on a small plateau in dry, clayey soil with some calcrete and quartz pebbles on the surface. It is locally abundant, but populations are localised. </p>
            <p> Diagnosis:  Euryops dasyphyllus belongs to sect. Psilosteum as the ray and disc florets lack pappus bristles. It is unique in this section in having simple, entire and lanate-pubescent leaves. Its affinities within the group are not clear but it is most similar to  E. anthemoides B.Nord. and  E. tenuilobus (DC.) B.Nord. , but these two species differ in having lobed leaves and they do not occur in the Klein Karoo. </p>
            <p> Conservation notes: Despite several searches this species was only observed in a similar habitat about 3 km south-east of the type locality (Fig. 3). Part of the type locality was severely disturbed when the area was previously ploughed to establish Old-man Saltbush (  Atriplex nummularia ). Following Raimondo et al. (2009), I propose a conservation status of Endangered (B2 (a) &amp; (b)) for this species. </p>
            <p>Etymology: The specific name alludes to the woolly hair on the leaves.</p>
            <p>3.1.1. Changes to species key</p>
            <p>This species can be accommodated in the existing key to sect. Psiloteum (Nordenstam, 1968: 325) by changing couplet 20 to the following:</p>
            <p> (i) Leaves densely hairy...  E. dasyphyllus</p>
            <p>(ii) Leaves glabrous... continue with existing key.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039B8789F50EFF96FCDF9819FDA4FE07	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vlok, J. H. J.	Vlok, J. H. J. (2020): Three new species and one new subspecies of Euryops (Asteraceae: Senecioneae) from the Klein Karoo in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. South African Journal of Botany 133: 167-173, DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2020.07.025, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2020.07.025
039B8789F50CFF96FF919C06FC19FE6A.text	039B8789F50CFF96FF919C06FC19FE6A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euryops bertilii J. H. J. Vlok 2020	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 3.2.  Euryops bertilii J.H.J.Vlok ,  sp. nov</p>
            <p> Euryops vlokii B.Nord . ms. (Manning and Goldblatt, 2012) </p>
            <p>  Type: South Africa, Western Cape Province, Ladismith (3320): Anysberg Nature Reserve, about 2 km south of old  Allemorgensfontein railway station, (-CB), 650 m, 8 July 2006, Vlok &amp; Schutte 550 (NBG holo.;  S, iso) . </p>
            <p> Densely branched shrublet up to 30 cm tall (50 cm when flowering, due to the long peduncles); young branches densely leafy, older branches covered with almost cork-like remnants of leaf bases. Leaves erect, with tips spreading, 10—20 X 3—6 mm, mostly simple, occasionally with up to five uneven lobes 2—4 x ca. 2 mm, obtuse to acuminate, glabrous, with small woolly tuft in axil of leaf bases, glaucous-green. Peduncles lateral in upper leaf axils, 120—200 mm long, terete, ca. 1 mm thick. Involucre hemispherical to widely cup-shaped, 7—12 mm diam. Involucral bracts uniseriate, 10 to 12, glabrous, free to base, lanceolate, 6—7 X 2—3 mm wide, 3-veined, purplish in distal half with paler membranous margin, acuminatepenicillate. Ray fl orets 10; corolla yellow, tube cylindrical, 2 mm long, lamina oblong, 8—10 mm long, 4-veined; style branches erect, spreading, 1 mm long. Disc fl orets ca. 60; corolla yellow, 4 mm long; tube cylindrical, 2 mm long; limb campanulate, 2 mm long with triangular-acute lobes. Anthers 2 mm long with ovate appendage. Style terete, branches spreading, ca. 1 mm long, papillate at the tip.  Pappus bristles white, numerous, 2 mm long. Mature achenes not seen, ovaries of ray-and disc-florets papillate. (Plate 2). </p>
            <p> Flowering period: July Distribution and ecology:  Euryops bertilii is known only from the Ladismith district where it occurs in Succulent Karoo vegetation, more specifically in the Western Little Karoo unit sensu Mucina and Rutherford (2006). At a finer scale Vlok and Schutte-Vlok (2015) described this vegetation as Kalkveld, a vegetation unit that is restricted to large outcrops of calcrete with very little topsoil. </p>
            <p> Diagnosis:  Euryops bertilii belongs to the sect. Angustifoliae as pappus bristles are present on the ray and disc florets and the peduncles are axillary on the stems. It is most similar to  E. namaquensis Schltr. and  E. cuneatus B.Nord. , but differs in the involucral bracts that are free to the base and the leaves that are not 3-partite, with most leaves simple and only some basal leaves with up to five unevenly sized lobes (involucral bracts basally connate for a third to half their length in  E. namaquensis and leaves apically 3-lobed and lateral leaf lobes often forking in  E. cuneatus ).  E. namaquensis is restricted to Namaqualand and  E. cuneatus occurs from Calvinia southwards to Laingsburg. </p>
            <p> Conservation notes:  The species is known only from the type locality, where it occurs occasionally in an area of about 150 ha (Fig. 3).  The plants were very heavily browsed by domestic stock previously, but have recovered well since the property was included in the  Anysberg Nature Reserve in 2000. Following Raimondo et al. (2009), I propose a conservation status of Endangered (C2 (a) (ii)) for this species. </p>
            <p> Etymology: The species is named for Prof. Bertil Nordenstam (born 20th February 1936, Sweden) to honour his work on the genus  Euryops and his other contributions to the flora of South Africa. </p>
            <p>3.2.1. Changes to species key</p>
            <p>This species can be accommodated in the existing key to sect. Angustifoliae (Nordenstam, 1968: 38) by changing couplet 66 to the following:</p>
            <p> (i) Involucral bracts free to base; leaves simple or unevenly lobed...  E. bertilii</p>
            <p>(ii) Involucral bracts not as above.. ... ... ... ... ... ... .. continue with existing key.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039B8789F50CFF96FF919C06FC19FE6A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vlok, J. H. J.	Vlok, J. H. J. (2020): Three new species and one new subspecies of Euryops (Asteraceae: Senecioneae) from the Klein Karoo in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. South African Journal of Botany 133: 167-173, DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2020.07.025, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2020.07.025
039B8789F50CFF97FCDF9FC9FED4F9FD.text	039B8789F50CFF97FCDF9FC9FED4F9FD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euryops diosmiphyllus J. H. J. Vlok	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 3.3.  Euryops diosmiphyllus J.H.J.Vlok</p>
            <p> Euryops diosmoides B.Nord. &amp; Vlok , ms. (Manning and Goldblatt, 2012) </p>
            <p>  Type: South Africa, Western Cape Province, Ladismith (3320): lower northern foothills of Warmwaterberg, about 2 km east of  Plattekloof house, (- DB), 540 m, 21 June 1992, J.H.J.Vlok 2641 (NBG holo.;  S, iso.).</p>
            <p> Densely branched shrublet up to 40 cm tall, with several branches from base; young branches very densely leafy with no internodes visible. Leaves erect, appressed to stem, 1.5—2.0 x ca. 1 mm, simple, terete, obuse, somewhat carnose, glabrous with surface covered in minute white dots. Peduncles lateral in uppermost leaf axils, 12—15 mm long, terete, 0.5 mm thick. Involucre cup-shaped, 4—5 mm diam., often purple at base. Involucral bracts uniseriate, 7 or 8, glabrous, connate for half their length, triangular, 2—3 X 3 mm, 3- to 5-veined, acute-penicillate. Ray fl orets 5 to 8; corolla yellow, tube cylindrical, 1.5 mm long; lamina oblong, 4—5 mm long, 4-veined; style branches erect, 0.5 mm long. Disc fl orets 20 to 25; corolla yellow, 3 mm long; tube cylindrical, 1 mm long; limb campanulate, 2 mm long with lanceolate lobes. Anthers 1.5 mm long with ovate appendage. Style terete, branches erect-spreading, 0.5 mm long, tip papillate.  Pappus bristles white, numerous, 1.5 mm long. Mature achenes not seen, ovaries of ray and disc florets papillate. (Fig. 2 and Plate 3). </p>
            <p>Flowering period: June. Plants respond to rain and flower within six weeks after rain. Flowering may thus depend on rainfall events, rather than the season.</p>
            <p> Distribution and ecology:  Euryops diosmiphyllus occurs in the Ladismith district in Succulent Karoo vegetation, more specifically in the Western Little Karoo unit sensu Mucina and Rutherford (2006). At a finer scale Vlok and Schutte-Vlok (2015) described this vegetation as Apronveld. It grows mostly on the south-west facing slopes of a small hill with sandstone and quartz rocks on the surface and with  Gibbaeum pubescens (Haw.) N.E.Br. (  Aizoaceae ) prominent in the local community. </p>
            <p> Diagnosis:  Euryops diosmiphyllus belongs to the sect. Angustifoliae as pappus bristles are present on the ray- and disc-florets and the peduncles are axillary on the stems. It is most similar and probably related to  E. muirii C.A.Smith , but is readily distinguished by its involucral bracts that are connate for half their length (free to the base in  E. muirii ) and by the evenly sized leaves that are 1.5—2.0 mm long (2—5 mm long in  E. muirii ). </p>
            <p> Conservation notes: Despite several searches in seemingly suitable sites the species is known only from the type locality, where it is locally abundant, but restricted to an area of about 1.5 ha (Fig. 3).  Part of the habitat was lost when an access road was constructed through the population.  Following Raimondo et al. (2009) , I propose a conservation status of  Endangered (C2 (a) (ii)) for this species. </p>
            <p> Etymology: The specific name refers to the leaves that are very similar in size and shape to those of several  Diosma L. (  Rutaceae ) species. </p>
            <p>3.3.1. Changes to species key</p>
            <p>This species can be accommodated in the existing key to sect. Angustifoliae (Nordenstam, 1968: 38) by changing couplet 10 to the following:</p>
            <p> (i) Involucral bracts connate to half their length; leaves ericoid, 2 mm long.. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ......  E. diosmiphyllus</p>
            <p>(ii) Involucral bracts not as above.. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... continue with existing key.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039B8789F50CFF97FCDF9FC9FED4F9FD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vlok, J. H. J.	Vlok, J. H. J. (2020): Three new species and one new subspecies of Euryops (Asteraceae: Senecioneae) from the Klein Karoo in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. South African Journal of Botany 133: 167-173, DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2020.07.025, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2020.07.025
039B8789F50DFF91FFB7985AFBACFD66.text	039B8789F50DFF91FFB7985AFBACFD66.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euryops subcarnosus subsp. fallax J. H. J. Vlok 2020	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 3.4.  Euryops subcarnosus DC. subsp. fallax J.H.J.Vlok ,  subsp. nov.</p>
            <p> Type: South Africa, Western Cape Province, Ladimsith (3320): about 30 km along road to Laingsburg, just west of entrance to farm Van Zylsdamme, (-BD), 430 m, 4 May 2004, J. Vlok 2839 (NBG, holo.) . </p>
            <p> Virgate, sparsely branched shrub, up to 1.2 m tall; young branches tinged reddish, leafy, older branches (&gt;2 years old) leafless. Leaves erect with tips spreading, 3—5 x ca. 1 mm, terete, obtuse, subcarnose, glabrous, with small woolly tuft in axil, glaucus-green. Peduncles lateral in upper leaf axils, 25—40 mm long, terete, ca. 1 mm thick. Involucre widely cup-shaped, 6—8 mm diam. Involucral bracts uniseriate, 6 or 7, glabrous, connate for ca. quarter of their length, triangular, 5—6 X 3 mm, 5- to 7-veined, purplish in upper half, acute-penicillate. Ray fl orets 6 or 7; corolla yellow, tube cylindrical, 2 mm long, lamina oblong, 6 X 3 mm, 4-veined; style branches erect, spreading, ca. 1 mm long. Disc fl orets 30—35; corolla yellow, 4—5 mm long; tube cylindrical, 2 mm long; limb campanulate, 2—3 mm long, lobes triangular-acute with tip somewhat gibbous. Anthers 2 mm long with ovate appendage. Style terete, branches erect, ca. 0.5 mm long, truncate, with densely papillate tip.  Pappus bristles white, numerous, 2 mm long. Cypselas 5—6 X 3—4 mm, densely lanate with white hairs that are not mucilaginous when wet. (Plate 4). </p>
            <p>Flowering period: May to July. Populations flower prolifically, but seemingly only for a period of two weeks.</p>
            <p> Distribution and ecology:  Euryops subcarnosus subsp. fallax is known only from the Ladismith district where it occurs in Succulent Karoo vegetation, more specifically in the Western Little Karoo unit sensu Mucina and Rutherford (2006). At a finer scale Vlok and Schutte-Vlok (2015) described this vegetation as Apronveld. </p>
            <p> Diagnosis:  Euryops subcarnosus subsp. fallax differs from the current four subspecies in having a unique combination of characters. It differs from the two subspecies with entire leaves in having shorter leaves (5 mm long vs 10—50 mm long in  subsp. subcarnosus and 15—40 mm long in  subsp. foetidus ) and in lacking an apiculus (small white apiculus in  subsp. subcarnosus and pungent leaves with mucronate apiculus in  subsp. foetidus ). It also differs from these two subspecies in the hairs of the achenes that do not become mucilaginous when moistened (vs. mucilaginous when wet in  subsp. subcarnosus and  subsp. foetidus ). It differs from the two other subspecies (  subsp. minor and  subsp. vulgaris ) in having entire and not lobed leaves. It may be unique in this species complex in having functionally male disc florets, but fruiting material from more populations needs to be investigated to confirm this observation. </p>
            <p> Euryops subcarnosus is the most widespread and variable of the South African  Euryops species (Nordenstam, 1968), with  E. subcarnosus subsp. subcarnosus the only subspecies previously known to occur in the Klein Karoo. No specimens intermediate between  E. subcarnosus subsp. subcarnosus and  E. subcarnosus subsp. fallax are known and the latter may warrant specific recognition, but with the current wide concept of the species, I regard it more prudent to treat this taxon as a subspecies. </p>
            <p> Conservation notes:  Plants are locally abundant, but currently known from only three localities (Fig. 3). At the type locality plants occur only along the fenced road reserve, with no plants within the adjacent grazed camp. From the other two localities it is also clear that the plants are highly palatable to domestic stock and game. These observations suggest that the known populations have been severely reduced due to grazing. Following Raimondo et al. (2009) I propose a conservation status of Endangered (B2 (a) &amp; (b)) for this subspecies . </p>
            <p>Etymology: The subspecies name (fallax) alludes to the fact that this taxon has been overlooked until now.</p>
            <p>3.4.1. Additional material examined</p>
            <p>  South Africa. WESTERN CAPE. 3320 (Ladismith): Anysberg Nature Reserve, about 1.2 km west of  Goedehoop house, (- BC)  ,  9 July 2006, Vlok &amp; Schutte 555 (NBG) ;   Anysberg Nature Reserve, about 2 km west of  Goedehoop house, 14 July 2007, Vlok &amp; Schutte 606 (NBG, S)  . </p>
            <p>3.4.2. Changes to species key</p>
            <p> This subspecies can be accommodated in the existing key to the subspecies of  Euryops subcarnosus (Nordenstam, 1968: 196) by changing couplet 2 to the following: </p>
            <p> (i) Leaves 3—5 mm long, lacking an apiculus.. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ......  subsp. fallax</p>
            <p>(ii) Leaves&gt; 10 mm long, with small white or pungent mucronate apiculus.. ... ... ... ..... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... continue with existing key.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039B8789F50DFF91FFB7985AFBACFD66	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vlok, J. H. J.	Vlok, J. H. J. (2020): Three new species and one new subspecies of Euryops (Asteraceae: Senecioneae) from the Klein Karoo in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. South African Journal of Botany 133: 167-173, DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2020.07.025, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2020.07.025
039B8789F50BFF91FCC59CCFFBE7FBF1.text	039B8789F50BFF91FCC59CCFFBE7FBF1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euryops (Cass.) Cass.	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 3.5.  Euryops in the Klein Karoo </p>
            <p> With the addition of these three species, a total of 16 species of  Euryops are now known to occur in the Klein Karoo region. Seven species (  E. bertilii ,  E. bolusii B.Nord. ,  E. dasyphyllus ,  E. diosmiphyllus ,  E. erectus (Compt.) B.Nord. ,  E. glutinosus B.Nord. and E. sp. 1 (Manning and Goldblatt, 2012 )) and two subspecies (  E. subcarnosus subsp. subcarnosus and  E. subcarnosus subsp. fallax ) are endemic to this region. Nordenstam (1969) did not regard this region as a centre of  Euryops species richness, but it is now comparable in species richness and degree of endemism to those of his Sneeuberg Centre (Nordenstam et al., 2009). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039B8789F50BFF91FCC59CCFFBE7FBF1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vlok, J. H. J.	Vlok, J. H. J. (2020): Three new species and one new subspecies of Euryops (Asteraceae: Senecioneae) from the Klein Karoo in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. South African Journal of Botany 133: 167-173, DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2020.07.025, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2020.07.025
