identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
039A87B3152AFFCFDBEC4F0F47237A5F.text	039A87B3152AFFCFDBEC4F0F47237A5F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseumenes Giordani Soika 1935	<div><p>Genus Pseumenes Giordani Soika, 1935</p><p>Pseumenes Giordani Soika 1935: 145, subgenus of Pareumenes de Saussure. Type species: Eumenes eximius Smith, 1861, by original designation.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039A87B3152AFFCFDBEC4F0F47237A5F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2017): The genus Pseumenes Giordani Soika, 1935 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) in the Philippine Islands, with description of a new species. Zootaxa 4306 (2): 296-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4306.2.11
039A87B3152AFFCEDBEC4FA145F9788B.text	039A87B3152AFFCEDBEC4FA145F9788B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseumenes azurescens Selis 2017	<div><p>Pseumenes azurescens Selis, sp. nov. (Figs. 1–7)</p><p>Diagnosis. This species is similar to P. palawanensis Giordani Soika, 1993, but differs from it by following characteristics: large shiny areas with extremely fine punctures on body, T 2 weakly reflexed apically and without a distinct lamella, wings very dark with strong bluish reflections.</p><p>Material examined. HOLOTYPE, ♀, pinned, “ Philippines, Mindanao, Agusan, Esperanza, IX.2014, leg. local collector” (MSNVE).</p><p>Description. Female. Head in frontal view higher than wide. Vertex swollen dorsally (Fig. 2). Occipital carina well developed along the entire length of gena, absent dorsally. Inner eye margins almost parallel, weakly converging below. Clypeus in lateral view convex in basal half, then slightly concave; in frontal view about 1.2× as long as wide, basal margin of clypeus touching antennal sockets; apical margin with a semicircular emargination, forming rounded tooth on each lateral side (Fig. 7). Mandible with five teeth, two apical ones pointed, median one square, basal ones almost fused. Antennal scape about 4× as long as apical width; F1 about 2.2× as long as wide, F2–F9 longer than wide, F10 bulletshaped, almost twice as long as basal width. Mesosoma depressed dorsoventrally. Pronotal carina well developed, rounded on humeri, reaching ventral corner of pronotum, thinner medially on dorsum. Mesoscutum as long as its maximum width. Disc of scutellum (Fig. 4) and metanotum nearly flat, scutellum with an extremely short and weak longitudinal median furrow on anterior margin. Propodeum (Fig. 5) with two external dorsoventrally flattened teeth and two median teeth fused with propodeal valvulae; median depression running from base to apex, bearing a median fovea basally and a median longitudinal carina, lateral margins divergent anteriorly, then parallel, margins raised and distinct in posterior half. T1 almost as long as mesosoma; parallel sided in basal two thirds, inflated in apical third; in dorsal view about 3× as long as its apical width; apical longitudinal furrow short and shallow (Fig. 6). T 2 in lateral view regularly convex, weakly reflexed apically (Fig. 3). S 2 in lateral view flattened basally, then weakly convex.</p><p>Head and thorax covered with short and dense silvery bristles. Some short erect black bristles on mesosoma. Propodeum, S1 and apical margins of S2–S5 with long silvery hairs.</p><p>Clypeus with moderately large punctures, interspaces raised to form weak carinae. Frons with shallow, large and dense punctures. Vertex with dense ill-defined small punctures. Gena with moderately dense well-defined punctures. Pronotum punctured similar to frons, interspaces slightly larger, ventral corners smooth. Mesoscutum in anterior half with shallow medium-sized punctures, posterior half smooth with extremely fine and barely visible punctures. Scutellum and metanotum punctured like posterior half of mesoscutum, except for some barely visible irregular punctures. Mesepisternum in dorsal half punctured like anterior half of mesoscutum, ventral half with some small punctures. Metapleuron smooth. Dorsal face of propodeum punctured like posterior half of mesoscutum, lateral faces with fine and very dense striae. T1 anteriorly with some scattered punctures, posterior inflated third with well-defined and quite dense punctures. T2 smooth medially, with dense punctures laterally. S1 with transversal indistinct striae on narrow part, with punctures on expanded posterior part. S2 with very sparse and shallow medium-sized punctures.</p><p>Color. Black-grayish with the following pale yellow markings: antennal scape beneath, small triangular spot between antennal sockets, short line below anterior ocellus, elongate spot on gena, inner side of tibiae and apical tarsomere of fore legs, spots on apical corners of propodeum and propodeal valvulae. Underside of flagellum orangebrownish. Wings dark brown, strongly infuscate, with bluish reflections.</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Distribution. Philippine Islands: Mindanao.</p><p>Etymology. The specific name refers to the bluish reflections of the wings.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039A87B3152AFFCEDBEC4FA145F9788B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2017): The genus Pseumenes Giordani Soika, 1935 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) in the Philippine Islands, with description of a new species. Zootaxa 4306 (2): 296-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4306.2.11
039A87B3152BFFCEDBEC4C1647537AF5.text	039A87B3152BFFCEDBEC4C1647537AF5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseumenes palawanensis (Giordani Soika 1993) Selis 2017	<div><p>Pseumenes palawanensis Giordani Soika, 1993 stat. nov. (Figs. 8–10)</p><p>Pseumenes depressus palawanensis Giordani Soika 1993: 158, ♀, ♂ —“Is. Filippine: Palawan: Puerto Princesa ” (holotype RMNH) . Material examined. PHILIPPINES: PALAWAN: 8-13km SE of Tarumpitao Pt., in jungle, 21.V.1958, leg. H. E. Milliron, 1♀ (paratype, MSNVE) .</p><p>Distribution. Philippine Islands: Palawan (Giordani Soika 1993).</p><p>Remarks. Giordani Soika (1993) originally described this taxon as a subspecies of P. depressus (de Saussure, 1855) . Comparing a paratype of P. depressus palawanensis with other forms of P. depressus, including the typical subspecies, characters that allow consideration of P. palawanensis as a distinct species were found: emargination of clypeus shallower with lateral teeth more acutely pointed, vertex more developed dorsally, scutellum and metanotum with well impressed punctures, propodeum with stronger and better defined punctures on lateral margins of posterior face, swollen apical third of T1 with denser punctures and deeper longitudinal furrow, apical margin of T1 without brownish bent upward lamella, apical lamella of T2 more strongly separated from rest of surface and almost perpendicular to apical margin (Fig. 10).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039A87B3152BFFCEDBEC4C1647537AF5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2017): The genus Pseumenes Giordani Soika, 1935 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) in the Philippine Islands, with description of a new species. Zootaxa 4306 (2): 296-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4306.2.11
039A87B3152BFFCBDBEC4E0B46FB7D23.text	039A87B3152BFFCBDBEC4E0B46FB7D23.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseumenes polillensis (Giordani Soika 1941)	<div><p>Pseumenes polillensis (Giordani Soika, 1941) (Figs. 11–13)</p><p>Pareumenes (Pseumenes) polillensis Giordani Soika 1941: 220, ♂ —“ Filippine: Isola Polillo” (holotype MSNVE) . Material examined. PHILIPPINES: POLILLO: VIII.1915, leg. Böttcher, 1♂ (holotype, MSNVE) ; LUZON: Quirino, Disimongal, X.2015, leg. local collector, 1♂ (MSVI) .</p><p>Distribution. Philippine Islands: Polillo (Giordani Soika 1941). Newly recorded from Luzon.</p><p>Remarks. The specimen from Luzon differs from the holotype in the following color characters: apical margin of clypeus black, only the upper yellow spot present on mesepisternum, tegulae black with small posterior yellow spot, two small ill-defined spots on scutellum, two basal spots on propodeum, apical spots of propodeum expanded medially along margins of median depression, apical band of T1 interrupted medially and expanded laterally, median portion of apical bands on T2–T3 reduced to two ill-defined small sposts, basal spot on S2 divided into two longitudinal markings all yellow.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039A87B3152BFFCBDBEC4E0B46FB7D23	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2017): The genus Pseumenes Giordani Soika, 1935 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) in the Philippine Islands, with description of a new species. Zootaxa 4306 (2): 296-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4306.2.11
039A87B3152EFFCBDBEC487143857EF0.text	039A87B3152EFFCBDBEC487143857EF0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseumenes Giordani Soika 1935	<div><p>Key to species of Pseumenes occurring in the Philippine Islands</p><p>1 Vertex strongly swollen, posterior margin protruding (Fig. 12); T3 and T4 with well developed apical lamella (Fig. 13); body almost entirely smooth and shining, only sparse and shallow punctures confined to frons, T2 and S3–S4; black with extensive yellow markings ....................................................................................................................................... P. polillensis (Giordani Soika)</p><p>- Vertex less strongly swollen, posterior margin not protruding; T3 and T4 without apical lamella; body extensively punctured; body almost entirely black, with little pale yellow markings............................................................................................................ 2</p><p>2 Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum and mesepisternum smooth, with extremely fine and ill-defined punctures (Fig. 4); apical lamella of T2 not very distinct, similar to a weak reflexing of apical margin of tergum (Fig. 3); wings extremely dark, almost opaque black, with strong bluish reflections .................................................................................................... P. azurescens sp. nov.</p><p>- Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum (Fig. 9) and mesepisternum with well impressed and deep punctures; apical lamella of T2 distinct, separated from rest of the tergum by a deep furrow and strongly bent upward (Fig. 10); wings brownish-transparent with very weak golden reflections ............................................................................................................ P. palawanensis Giordani Soika</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039A87B3152EFFCBDBEC487143857EF0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2017): The genus Pseumenes Giordani Soika, 1935 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) in the Philippine Islands, with description of a new species. Zootaxa 4306 (2): 296-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4306.2.11
