taxonID	type	description	language	source
039E87F9FFA6FFFBFF41FB5432719ABB.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — The specific epithet umbonatum refers to the umbonate pileus of this species. Diagnosis: — Differs from P. obsoletum and P. perlatum by having a fibrillose pileus, ovoid to ellipsoid basidiospores (7.2 – 7.9 × 4.7 – 5.4 µm), and clavate, fusiform to ventricose occasionally septate cheilocystidia. Holotype: — PAKISTAN, Punjab, Rawalpindi division, Murree District, Murree hills, 2290 m a. s. l., solitary or scattered, in mixed pine forests (Pinus roxburghii, P. wallichiana, with deciduous trees like Q. incana and Q. dilatata) on nutrient-rich soil, 12 August 2018, Fauzia Aqdus, FA 361 (holotype LAH 36881; GenBank ITS: PP 526036; LSU: PP 526037. Description: — Pileus 1.7 – 3.5 cm broad, conical to obtusely conic when young, umbonate; umbo obtuse at first to slightly broad later, umbo off-white (2.5 Y 7 / 2) to brown (2.5 YR 2 / 2) and black (N 1); velum remnants brown (2.5 YR 2 / 2) (found in UEH-F 0025 and LAH 38508), margins incurved, slightly rimose; surface dry, radially appressed fibrillose; fibrils brown (2.5 Y 2 / 2) to dark brown (2.5 Y 2 / 1) on light brown to yellow context (5 Y 8 / 4); context off-white (7.5 Y 9 / 3) to yellowish brown (5 Y 8 / 4). Lamellae free to adnexed, close, with several tiers of lamellulae; margin entire to wavy; off-white when young becoming reddish brown (2.5 YR 2 / 2) to dark brown (2.5 Y 3 / 3) at maturity. Stipe 2.5 – 7.8 × 0.6 – 1 cm, equal to narrow from center and slightly broad towards apex and base; surface dry, smooth to fibrillose, sometimes densely strigose at apex; off-white (2.5 Y 7 / 2) when young to grayish brown (2.5 Y 3 / 1) to dull brown (2.5 Y 4 / 2) at base, becoming brownish (2.5 Y 2 / 2) with prominent dark brown fibrils (2.5 Y 3 / 1) on light brown to yellowish context (5 Y 9 / 3); basal mycelium brown; cortina not observed and presumably absent, velum remnants brown (2.5 YR 2 / 2) (found in LAH 38508). Smell and taste not observed. Basidiospores [160 / 8 / 8] (6.5) 7.2 – 7.9 (8.2) × (4.2) 4.7 – 5.4 (5.8) µm, avl × avw = 7.5 × 5 µm, Q = 1.3 – 1.5, avQ = 1.4, ovoid to ellipsoid, smooth, guttulate, apiculus minute, germ pore absent, yellowish brown in KOH. Basidia (20) 21.4 – 31.9 (35.8) × (5) 5.5 – 9.5 (9.8) µm, avl × avw = 26.6 × 7.5 µm, broadly clavate, 2 to 4 - sterigmata; sterigmata 2 ‒ 2.6 µm in length, avl = 2.3 µm, densely guttulate, hyaline in KOH. Cheilocystidia (29.8) 34.9 – 39.6 (41) × (9.5) 10.9 – 11.9 (12.3) µm, avl × avw = 37.2 × 11.4 µm, septate, clavate, fusiform to ventricose, hyaline. Pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis hyphae (3.5) 3.6 – 4.5 (4.7) µm wide, avw = 4 µm filamentous, rarely branched, septate, hyaline. Stipitipellis hyphae (3.5) 3.7 – 4.6 (4.8) µm wide, avw = 4.1 µm filamentous, branched, cylindrical to clavate terminals, septate. Caulocystidia absent. Clamp connections observed in all tissues. Additional materials examined: — Pakistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Abbottabad District, Khanspur, Himalayan moist temperate forests, 2250 m a. s. l., under P. wallichiana and Q. incana Roxb., solitary on grass, 11 August 2018, Abdul Nasir Khalid FBSR- 630 (LAH 36952!; GenBank ITS PP 526034); on soil, 1 September 2024, Sana Jabeen HP 51 D 15 (LAH 38507!; GenBank ITS PQ 804790); on soil, 1 September 2024, Hira Ijaz HP 68 D 23 (LAH 38508!; GenBank ITS PQ 804789) Punjab, Rawalpindi division, Murree District, Murree Hills, 2290 m a. s. l. solitary or scattered, in mixed pine forests (P. roxburghii, P. wallichiana, with deciduous trees like Q. incana and Q. dilatata) on nutrient-rich soil, 14 August 2018, Fauzia Aqdus, FA 240 (LAH 36883!; GenBank ITS PP 526035); Rawalpindi District, Patriata, 2291 m a. s. l., on soil, 16 Aug 2020, Muhammad Kamran K 16 SJ 65 (UEH-F 0023!; GenBank ITS PP 526033); Bhurban town, Chinar Golf Club, 1828 m a. s. l., on soil under mixed vegetation of Pinus spp. and Platanus orientalis L., 10 September 2020, Annum Razzaq & Abdul Nasir Khalid GC 60 (UEH-F 0024!; GenBank ITS PP 504493); Governor House, 1828 m a. s. l., on soil under P. wallichiana 7 September 2020, Annum Razzaq & Abdul Nasir Khalid GB 20 (UEH-F 0025!; GenBank ITS PP 504494). Habitat & distribution: — Himalayan moist temperate forests of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab Province of Pakistan among vegetation dominated by Pinus roxburghii, P. wallichiana, C. deodara and Quercus spp.	en	Jabeen, Sana, Razzaq, Annum, Aqdas, Fauzia, Iqbal, Hira, Ijaz, Hira, Izhar, Aiman, Kamran, Muhammad, Naseer, Arooj, Khalid, Abdul Nasir (2025): Pseudosperma umbonatum sp. nov. from Himalayan forests of Pakistan. Phytotaxa 701 (1): 22-40, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.701.1.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.701.1.2
