identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03916022F266642565D1E35F55B2FE54.text	03916022F266642565D1E35F55B2FE54.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Clitumnini Brunner von Wattenwyl 1893	<div><p>Tribe Clitumnini Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893</p><p>We follow the definition of the tribe proposed by Hennemann &amp; Conle (2008: 67), except for the following characters:</p><p>1. The length of the median segment: Clitumnini have the median segment strongly shortened and at most ¼ the length of the metanotum; Lobofemora gen. nov. has the median segment about as long as the metanotum.</p><p>2. Relative length of mesothorax: Clitumnini have the mesothorax at least 2.5 x the combined length of head and prothorax; Lobofemora gen. nov. has the mesothorax shorter than twice the combined length of head and prothorax.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03916022F266642565D1E35F55B2FE54	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bresseel, Joachim;Constant, Jérôme	Bresseel, Joachim, Constant, Jérôme (2015): The new genus of stick insect Lobofemora from Vietnam, with the description of three new species (Phasmida: Phasmatidae: Clitumnini). European Journal of Taxonomy 115: 1-25, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2015.115
03916022F26564236641E5CB5120FE31.text	03916022F26564236641E5CB5120FE31.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lobofemora Bresseel & Constant 2015	<div><p>Genus Lobofemora gen. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 5EBCBEF1-D0EA-4433-9B85-287709869730</p><p>Type species</p><p>Lobofemora scheirei sp. nov. by present designation.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The name of the new genus is formed by the juxtaposition of lobus (Latin), meaning lobe and “femora”. The name refers to the foliaceous lobes on the median legs of the females.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Differing from all other know genera of Clitumnini by the following combination of characters:</p><p>1. Females with back of head more or less strongly raised, granulose and conical.</p><p>2. Males with at least some scale-like tegmina present, sometimes with developed alae.</p><p>3. Median segment about as long as or longer than metanotum.</p><p>4. Females with conspicuous enlarged lobes on mesofemora and males occasionally with dorsal teeth on the mesofemora.</p><p>5. Mesothorax less than 2.5 x the length of head and pronotum combined.</p><p>6. Semi-tergites of males very short and broad and thorax densely granulose.</p><p>Description</p><p>Male</p><p>HEAD. Longer than wide, slightly tapering posteriorly and granulose. Vertex elongated. Dorsal portion of head flattened, with two definite spines positioned at posterior margin of eyes and projecting dorsally. Eyes circular and strongly projecting hemispherically. Scapus flattened dorso-ventrally and rounded laterally. Pedicellus cylindrical.</p><p>THORAX. Pronotum shorter than head and slightly widening posteriorly. Anterior margin incurved and raised, followed by faint, median longitudinal impression, not reaching posterior margin. Central transverse impression not reaching lateral edges of pronotum. Mesonotum granulose, widening posteriorly. Fine median longitudinal line. Tegmina completely developed or present as small scales. Alae absent, micropterous or brachypterous. Metanotum shorter than median segment. Meso- and metasternum with posteriorly, between legs, Y-shaped impression, antero-laterally resulting in two minute pseudo-foramina.</p><p>ABDOMEN. Abdominal segments slightly granulose and with fine median, longitudinal line. Tergum X with median, longitudinal carina, apically split into two semi-tergites. Inner apical rim of semi-tergites armed with several spines. Apex of semi-tergites obliquely pointing downwards. Posterolateral angles rounded. Poculum rounded, slightly projecting over apex of abdominal tergum IX. Apex of poculum narrower and rounded. No sclerotised vomer present. Cerci short, not reaching apex of tergum X, incurving, circular in cross-section, apices rounded.</p><p>LEGS. Profemora slightly longer than head and thorax combined; compressed and curved basally. Anterodorsal carina with few, small serrations.</p><p>Female</p><p>HEAD. Longer than wide, slightly tapering posteriorly and strongly granulose. Vertex elongated and with a shallow longitudinal impression. Dorsal portion of head flattened, with transverse, laterally acute ridge at posterior margin of eyes. Eyes circular and projecting hemispherically. Antennae short, with scapus strongly dorso-ventrally flattened and with lateral margins rounded. Apical half with very short segments.</p><p>THORAX. Pronotum shorter than head and granulose. Anterior margin incurved and raised, followed by median longitudinal impression, not reaching posterior margin. Transverse impression in middle, not reaching lateral edges of pronotum. Mesonotum granulose, with fine median longitudinal line. Metanotum with anterior margin weakly incurved and raised, longer than wide and strongly granulose. Meso- and metasternum as in male.</p><p>ABDOMEN. Terga granulose, with fine median, longitudinal line. Tergum X with median, longitudinal carina; notched posteriorly; posterolateral angles rounded. Epiproct elongated. Subgenital plate slightly elongated, just projecting over apex of tergum X and with median longitudinal carina; apex acute. Cerci short, not reaching apex of tergum X. Gonapophyses VIII elongated, reaching apex of epiproct.</p><p>LEGS. Profemora longer than head, pronotum and mesonotum combined; compressed and curved basally. Anterodorsal carina with small serrations. Mesofemora with posterodorsal carina, with two to three lobes, anterior one being most prominent. Protibiae longer than head and thorax combined. Mesotibiae slightly longer than mesofemora. Metatibiae shorter than profemora.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Currently known from different localities in Central and South Vietnam (see map Fig. 1).</p><p>Species included and distribution</p><p>Lobofemora bachmaensis sp. nov. [Bach Ma National Park]</p><p>Lobofemora bidoupensis sp. nov. [Bidoup Nui Ba National Park]</p><p>Lobofemora scheirei sp. nov. [Cat Tien National Park and Dong Nai Biosphere Reserve]</p><p>Keys to the species of Lobofemora gen. nov.</p><p>Males</p><p>1. Alae developed, projecting over posterior margin of median segment (Fig. 6D, H) .......................... ............................................................................................................................... L. scheirei sp. nov.</p><p>– Alae scale-like or absent (Figs 2D, H; 4D, H)................................................................................... 2</p><p>2. Tegmina scale-like, flattened, just projecting over anterior margin of metanotum; alae absent (Fig. 2D, H); posterodorsal carina of mesotibiae with conspicuous triangular tooth (Fig. 2B) .......... ....................................................................................................................... L. bachmaensis sp. nov.</p><p>– Tegmina reaching halfway along metanotum, convex; alae scale-like (Fig. 4D, H); posterodorsal carina of mesotibiae unarmed (Fig. 4B) .......................................................... L. bidoupensis sp. nov.</p><p>Females</p><p>1. Mesofemora with two lobes on posterodorsal carina: more basal one prominent; more apical one present as subapical triangular spine (Fig. 3D); vertex projecting posteriorly, almost reaching halfway along pronotum length (Fig. 3E, I) .................................................. L. bachmaensis sp. nov.</p><p>– Mesofemora with three lobes on posterodorsal carina: most basal one most prominent and gradually becoming smaller; most apical one present as subapical triangular spine (Figs 5D, 7D); vertex rounded or slightly elongated posteriorly, not surpassing ⅓ of pronotum length (Figs 5E, I; 7E, I) .................2</p><p>2. Posterodorsal carina of profemora armed with two enlarged triangular bispinose teeth; medioventral carina of metatibiae armed with two small triangular lobes anteriorly (Fig. 5D); vertex rounded posteriorly (Fig. 5E, I) ..................................................................................... L. bidoupensis sp. nov.</p><p>– Posterodorsal carina of profemora unarmed; medioventral carina of metatibiae without triangular lobes anteriorly (Fig. 7D); vertex slightly elongated posteriorly (Fig. 7E, I)........ L. scheirei sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03916022F26564236641E5CB5120FE31	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bresseel, Joachim;Constant, Jérôme	Bresseel, Joachim, Constant, Jérôme (2015): The new genus of stick insect Lobofemora from Vietnam, with the description of three new species (Phasmida: Phasmatidae: Clitumnini). European Journal of Taxonomy 115: 1-25, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2015.115
03916022F26C642A6662E53D506FFB06.text	03916022F26C642A6662E53D506FFB06.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lobofemora bachmaensis Bresseel & Constant 2015	<div><p>Lobofemora bachmaensis sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 87AC14B9-A8A9-48E8-98C4-69A8A8162F67</p><p>Figs 1, 2, 3, 10 A–C</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The species epithet refers to the type-locality, Bach Ma National Park in central Vietnam.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype</p><p>VIETNAM: ♂: “ Coll. I.R.Sc.N.B., C Vietnam, Bach Ma N.P., 16°12’N 107°52’E, 12- 17.vii. 2011, leg. J. Constant &amp; J. Bresseel, I.G.: 31.933” (RBINS).</p><p>Paratypes (1 ♂, 3 ♀♀, 1 ♀ nymph)</p><p>VIETNAM: same collection data as for holotype (RBINS; 1 ♂, 1 ♀: VNMN).</p><p>Description</p><p>Male (Fig. 2)</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. See Table 1.</p><p>BODY. Complete body more or less uniformly brown with blackish markings, sometimes with vague longitudinal darker line. Basitarsi and curved anterior part of profemora paler. Prosternum with conspicuous black, longitudinal median line.</p><p>HEAD. Longer than wide, slightly tapering posteriorly and granulose. Vertex elongated, projecting over anterior margin of pronotum. Dorsal portion of head flattened, with two definite spines projecting dorsally at posterior margin of eyes. Eyes circular and strongly projecting hemispherically. Antennae projecting over posterior margin of median segment, with 23 segments. Scapus strongly flattened dorsoventrally and laterally rounded. Pedicellus cylindrical.</p><p>THORAX. Pronotum almost rectangular and granulose, shorter than head and slightly widening posteriorly. Anterior margin incurved and raised, followed by faint, median longitudinal impression, not reaching posterior margin. Central transverse impression not reaching lateral edges of pronotum. Mesonotum about five times as long as pronotum and strongly granulose, widening posteriorly; three larger, spinose tubercles on each side, with largest one in middle; fine median longitudinal line. Tegmina with inner portion blackish and outer portion pale cream coloured, short, flattened and just projecting over anterior margin of metanotum; apically rounded. Alae absent. Metanotum with faint median line, shorter than median segment.</p><p>ABDOMEN. Abdominal segments II–V gradually increasing in length; V–VI about the same length, slightly granulose and with fine median, longitudinal line. Granules more concentrated along median line. Tergum VII shorter than tergum II. Tergum VIII about half as long as tergum II, slightly widening posteriorly. Tergum IX shorter than VIII and tectiform. Tergum X about as long as VIII and with median longitudinal carina; apically split into two semi-tergites. Inner apical rim of semi-tergite armed with several spines; apex obliquely pointing downwards. Posterolateral angles rounded. Poculum rounded, slightly projecting over apex of abdominal tergum IX. Apex of poculum narrower and rounded. Cerci short, not reaching apex of tergum X, incurving, circular in cross-section, with apices rounded.</p><p>LEGS. Profemora slightly longer than head and thorax combined; compressed and curved basally. Anterodorsal carina with few, small serrations. Serrations mostly anteriorly. Other carinae unarmed. Mesofemora slightly shorter than head, pro- and mesonotum combined. Posterodorsal carina with two enlarged triangular spines, one central and one subapical. Anteroventral carina with single triangular subapical spine. Metafemora longer than mesofemora, but shorter than profemora. Protibiae longer than profemora and unarmed. Mesotibiae slightly longer than mesofemora. Posterodorsal carina with triangular spine in basal half. Anterodorsal carina with minute subapical spine. Ventral carinae unarmed. Metatibiae with minute saw-like spines in apical half on the outer carinae.</p><p>Female (Figs 3, 10 A–C)</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. See Table 1.</p><p>BODY. Complete body more or less uniformly brown with blackish markings, sometimes with vague longitudinal darker line. Basitarsi and curved anterior part of profemora paler. Prosternum with conspicuous black, longitudinal median line.</p><p>HEAD. Longer than wide, slightly tapering posteriorly and strongly granulose. Vertex elongated, almost reaching halfway pronotum. Vertex with enlarged granules apically and asymmetrical: vertex split by shallow longitudinal impression, right hump slightly more pronounced than left one. Dorsal portion of head flattened, with transverse, laterally acute ridge at posterior margin of eyes. Eyes circular and projecting hemispherically. Antennae short, with 25 segments. Scapus strongly flattened dorso-ventrally and rounded laterally. Pedicellus slightly flattened dorso-ventrally. Apical half with very short segments, apical segment about as long as three preceding segments together. Genae granulose.</p><p>THORAX. Pronotum trapezoidal, widening posteriorly; shorter than head and slightly granulose. Anterior margin incurved and raised, followed by median longitudinal impression, not reaching posterior margin. Central transverse impression not reaching lateral edges of pronotum. Mesonotum about four times as long as pronotum and strongly granulose, with fine median longitudinal line. Lateral edges with some larger blunt tubercles. Metanotum with anterior margin weakly incurved and raised, longer than wide and strongly granulose. Median segment 1.5 times longer than wide and granulose.</p><p>ABDOMEN. Abdominal segments II–VI gradually increasing in length, granulose and with fine median, longitudinal line. Tergum VII about as long as tergum II; sometimes with stalked, irregularly shaped tubercles. Tergum VIII shorter than tergum II, slightly widening posteriorly. Posterior margin weakly incurved. Tergum IX with anterior margin slightly convex, posterior margin slightly narrower and tectiform. Tergum X about as long as IX and with median, longitudinal carina; notched posteriorly and with posterolateral angles rounded. Epiproct elongated, slightly shorter than abdominal tergum X and with median, longitudinal carina; tectiform and apically rounded. Subgenital plate elongated, slightly projecting over apex of tergum X, with median longitudinal carina; apex acute. Cerci short, not reaching apex of tergum X. Gonapophyses strongly elongated, reaching apex of epiproct.</p><p>LEGS. Profemora longer than head, pronotum and mesonotum combined; compressed and curved basally. Anterodorsal carina with small serrations, more prominent anteriorly. Posterodorsal carina indistinct with sometimes (two out of three specimens) an enlarged triangular lobe. Ventral carina present and unarmed. Mesofemora with postero-dorsal carina with two lobes; anterior one most prominent. Anterior lobe resulting in different spines; other lobe with one apical spine. Anteroventral carina with three lobes. Basal lobe less prominent and inconspicuous; median and subapical ones with several spines. Posteroventral carina with base more prominent and one subapical lobe. Metafemora with posterodorsal carina sparsely serrated with triangular spines. Posteroventral carina with small triangular lobe basally and with two spines subapically; the latter strongly elongated and “wire”-like (absent in one of the females). Protibiae longer than head and thorax combined. Dorsal carina with small, inconspicuous triangular lobes. Mesotibiae about as long as mesofemora. Posterodorsal carina with conspicuous lobe basally; anterodorsal carina with minute triangular spine near apex. Medioventral carina with conspicuous lobe mirroring the one on posterodorsal carina, and with minute black serrations. Metatibiae shorter than profemora; posteroventral carina with few triangular serrations; posterodorsal carina with subapical triangular spine.</p><p>Egg</p><p>Unknown.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>So far only known from Bach Ma National Park in central Vietnam (Fig. 1).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03916022F26C642A6662E53D506FFB06	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bresseel, Joachim;Constant, Jérôme	Bresseel, Joachim, Constant, Jérôme (2015): The new genus of stick insect Lobofemora from Vietnam, with the description of three new species (Phasmida: Phasmatidae: Clitumnini). European Journal of Taxonomy 115: 1-25, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2015.115
03916022F26A6437667CE09A50D6F869.text	03916022F26A6437667CE09A50D6F869.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lobofemora bidoupensis Bresseel & Constant 2015	<div><p>Lobofemora bidoupensis sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: BA44BAFF-F44A-4476-ABF5-536CADC27B0E</p><p>Figs 1, 4, 5, 8, 10 D–G</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The species epithet refers to the type-locality, Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park in central Vietnam.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype</p><p>VIETNAM: ♂: “Coll. I.R.Sc.N.B., Vietnam, Lam Dong prov., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.5&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=12.433333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.5/lat 12.433333)">Bidoup-Nui Ba N.P.</a>, 12°26’N 108°30’E, 21- 25. vii. 2014, night coll., Leg. J. Constant &amp; J. Bresseel, GTI Project, I.G.: 32.779” (RBINS).</p><p>Paratypes (10 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀)</p><p>VIETNAM: 6 ♂♂, 1 ♀: same collection data as for holotype (RBINS); 4 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀: “Coll. I.R.Sc.N.B., ex breeding J. Bresseel 2015, origin: Vietnam, Lam Dong prov., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.5&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=12.433333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.5/lat 12.433333)">Bidoup-Nui Ba N.P.</a>, 12°26’N 108°30’E, 21- 25. vii. 2014, J. Constant &amp; J. Bresseel, GTI Project, I.G.: 32.779” (RBINS; 1 ♂, 1 ♀: VNMN).</p><p>Description</p><p>Male (Figs 4, 8 F–G, 10D)</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. See Table 2.</p><p>BODY. Base of femora pale brown, darkening towards apex. Tibiae mottled black and pale brown. Head with dorsal surface pale brown. Body darker brown with some black markings.</p><p>HEAD. Longer than wide, slightly tapering posteriorly and granulose. Vertex slightly elongated. Dorsal portion of head flattened with two spines projecting dorsally at posterior margin of eyes. Eyes circular and strongly projecting hemispherically. Antennae with 21 segments. Scapus strongly flattened dorsoventrally and rounded laterally. Pedicellus cylindrical. Upper part of genae granulose.</p><p>THORAX. Pronotum longer than wide, almost rectangular and granulose, shorter than head; anterior margin incurved, followed by median longitudinal impression not reaching posterior margin; short, central, transverse impression not reaching lateral edges of pronotum. Mesonotum about six times as long as pronotum and strongly granulose, widening posteriorly, with fine median longitudinal line. Tegmina brown, short and slightly tapering posteriorly, not projecting over metanotum. Alae present as small scales, brown.</p><p>ABDOMEN. Abdominal segments II–V gradually increasing in length, V–VI about the same length, slightly granulose. Tergum VII shorter than tergum III. Tergum VIII about half as long as tergum II, slightly widening posteriorly. Tergum IX shorter than VIII and tectiform. Tergum X about as long as VIII and with median longitudinal carina; apically split into two semi-tergites. Inner apical rim of semi-tergite armed with several spines. Apex of semi-tergites obliquely pointing downwards; posterolateral angles rounded. Poculum rounded, slightly projecting over apex of abdominal tergum IX. Apex of poculum narrower and rounded. Cerci short, not reaching apex of tergum X, cylindrical in cross-section, with apices rounded.</p><p>LEGS. Profemora slightly longer than head and thorax combined; compressed and curved basally; dorsal carinae with few, minute spines; ventral carinae unarmed. Mesofemora longer than pro- and mesonotum combined; posterodorsal carina with two triangular spines and minute spine subapically; other carinae with few minute spines. Metafemora longer than head, pro-, meso- and metanotum combined; posterodorsal carina with four minute spines. Protibiae longer than profemora and unarmed. Mesotibiae slightly longer than mesofemora; medioventral carina with conspicuous, small triangular lobe. Metatibiae with minute saw-like spines in apical half on all carinae; medioventral carina with conspicuous triangular spine in anterior half.</p><p>Female (Figs 5, 8 A–E, 10E–G)</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. See Table 2.</p><p>BODY. Complete body ranging from uniformly brown to mottled brown-black with some green and white markings. Prosternum with conspicuous black, longitudinal line.</p><p>HEAD. Longer than wide, slightly tapering posteriorly and granulose.Vertex slightly elongated and slightly asymmetrical: vertex split by shallow longitudinal impression; right portion slightly more pronounced than left one. Dorsal portion of head flattened, with transverse, laterally acute ridge at posterior margin of eyes; ridge split centrally by longitudinal depression. Eyes circular and projecting hemispherically. Antennae short with 24–26 segments. Scapus strongly flattened dorso-ventrally and rounded laterally, with outer lobe more prominent. Pedicellus slightly cylindrical; first antennomere about as long as the following two segments combined. Apical half with very short segments; apical segment about as long as four preceding segments combined. Upper part of genae tuberculate.</p><p>THORAX. Pronotum trapezoidal, widening posteriorly; shorter than head and granulose. Anterior margin incurved and raised, followed by median longitudinal impression not reaching posterior margin. Central transverse impression not reaching lateral edges of pronotum. Mesonotum about four times as long as pronotum and strongly granulose, slightly widening posteriorly, with fine median longitudinal line. Metanotum subquadrate with anterior margin weakly incurved and raised; strongly granulose and with median tubercle subapically. Median segment slightly longer than wide, anterior portion slightly granulose. Mesosternum with posteriorly, between legs, Y-shaped impression resulting into two small pseudo-foramina. Metasternum with posteriorly, between legs, X-shaped impression resulting in two small pseudo-foramina anteriorly.</p><p>ABDOMEN. Abdominal segments II–V gradually increasing in length, granulose and with fine median, longitudinal line; larger granules along median line. Terga V–VI nearly equal in length. Tergum VII shorter than VI. Tergum VIII shorter than tergum VI, slightly widening posteriorly; posterior margin weakly incurved. Tergum IX with anterior margin slightly convex; posterior margin slightly narrower. Tergum X slightly longer than IX and with median, longitudinal carina; strongly notched posteriorly; posterolateral angles rounded. Terga IX–X with lateral edges more pronounced and lobe-like. Epiproct elongated; about ⅔ as long as abdominal tergum X and with very shallow apical notch. Subgenital plate elongated, slightly projecting over apex of tergum X; apical half with median longitudinal carina; apex rounded. Cerci short, not reaching of apex tergum X, cylindrical in cross-section, with apices rounded. Gonapophyses strongly elongated, reaching apex of epiproct.</p><p>LEGS. Profemora longer than head, pro-, meso- and metanotum combined; compressed and curved basally; anterodorsal carina with small serrations, more prominent anteriorly; posterodorsal carina armed with two enlarged triangular bispinose teeth; posteroventral carina sometimes with few serrations anteriorly. Mesofemora with postero-dorsal carina with three definite lobes; anterior one most prominent and gradually becoming smaller; anterior and central lobes resulting in different spines; other lobe with one apical spine; anterodorsal carina with few, small triangular lobes resulting in different minute spines; anteroventral carina with three small lobes resulting in minute spines. Posteroventral carina with one small lobe in apical half. Metafemora with posterodorsal carina armed with four triangular spines resulting in minute small spines; anterodorsal carina sometimes with some minute spines; posteroventral carina with few small spines. Protibiae about as long as head and thorax combined; posterodorsal carina with few inconspicuous triangular lobes; anterodorsal carina with small serrations over its complete length; posteroventral carina with few minute spines. Mesotibiae slightly longer than mesofemora; posterodorsal carina with conspicuous lobe anteriorly and few small serrations posteriorly; medioventral carina with conspicuous lobe mirroring the one on posterodorsal carina and with minute black serrations; other carinae with few, small serrations. Metatibiae shorter than profemora; dorsal carinae and postero- and anteroventrally with minute serrations; medioventral carina armed with two small triangular lobes basally.</p><p>Egg (Fig. 5 J–O)</p><p>MEASUREMENTS (in mm). Length: 3.0–3.5; width: 1.2; height: 1.5.</p><p>Elongate-oval, general colouration, light brown with black patches. Capsule oval in cross section, with the surface granulose.Anteriorly with short brown fringes along the anterior margin of the capsule. Dorsal side slightly concave. Micropylar plate more or less inverted heart shaped, with a median impression posteriorly. Anteriorly triangular, then widening, posterolateral angles only slightly projecting over micropylar cup. Micropylar cup definite, followed by relatively long median line. Micropylar plate and median line coloured as capsule. Ventral side slightly convex. Polar area with shallow indention. Operculum slightly darker than capsule, with central dark, circular marking.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>So far only known from Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park in central Vietnam (Fig. 1).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03916022F26A6437667CE09A50D6F869	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bresseel, Joachim;Constant, Jérôme	Bresseel, Joachim, Constant, Jérôme (2015): The new genus of stick insect Lobofemora from Vietnam, with the description of three new species (Phasmida: Phasmatidae: Clitumnini). European Journal of Taxonomy 115: 1-25, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2015.115
03916022F27664316643E75D508BF9D9.text	03916022F27664316643E75D508BF9D9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lobofemora scheirei Bresseel & Constant 2015	<div><p>Lobofemora scheirei sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 9CE86F8D-E644-4A37-A278-DB4D99971378</p><p>Figs 6, 7, 9, 10 H–J</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The species epithet refers to the Flemish TV show presenter Mr Lieven Scheire. We dedicate this new species to Lieven both in recognition of his efforts in raising public awareness of science (including taxonomy), especially for young people, in his TV shows, and as a present for his recent wedding.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype</p><p>VIETNAM: ♂: “ Coll. I.R.Sc.N.B., Vietnam, Dong Nai Biosphere Res. 11°18’N 107°06’E, 25. vi- 6. vii. 2012, night collecting, Leg. J. Constant &amp; J. Bresseel, I.G.: 32.161” (RBINS).</p><p>Paratypes (39 ♂♂, 28 ♀♀, 17 eggs)</p><p>VIETNAM: 12 ♂♂, 12 ♀♀: same collection data as for holotype (RBINS; 1 ♂, 1 ♀: VNMN); 5 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀: “Coll. I.R.Sc.N.B., Vietnam, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.433334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=11.433333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.433334/lat 11.433333)">Cat Tien N.P.</a>, 11°26’N 107°26’E, 6- 16. vii. 2012, Leg. J. Constant &amp; J. Bresseel, I.G.: 32.161” (RBINS; 1 ♂, 1 ♀: VNMN) ; 12 eggs: “Coll. I.R.Sc.N.B., ex breeding J. Bresseel i.2015, origin: Vietnam, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.433334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=11.433333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.433334/lat 11.433333)">Cat Tien N.P.</a>, 11°26’N 107°26’E, 6- 16. vii. 2012, J. Constant &amp; J. Bresseel ” (RBINS; 2: VNMN) ; 22 ♂♂, 11 ♀♀, 5 eggs: “Ex culture F. Hennemann 2015, Origin: S-Vietnam, Lam Dong Prov., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.433334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=11.433333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.433334/lat 11.433333)">Cat Tien N.P.</a>, 11°26’N 107°26’E, leg. J. Constant &amp; J. Bresseel 6.- 16. VII. 2012 ” (3 ♂♂, 1 ♀: MNHU; 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀: ZMUH; 4 ♂♂, 1 ♀: ZSMC; 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀: RMNH; 4 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀: BMNH; 5 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀, 5 eggs: FHC).</p><p>Additional material</p><p>VIETNAM: 25 ♂♂, 23 ♀♀, 45 eggs: “Ex culture F. Hennemann 2015, Origin: S-Vietnam, Lam Dong Prov., Cat Tien N.P., 11°26’N 107°26’E, leg. J. Constant &amp; J. Bresseel 6- 16. VII. 2012 ” (FHC).</p><p>Description</p><p>Male (Figs 6, 9 I–M, 10H)</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. See Table 3.</p><p>BODY. Complete body blackish-brown. Profemora dark brown, paler basally. Protibiae light brown. Other femora pale brown with darker apex. Corresponding tibiae pale brown.</p><p>HEAD. Longer than wide, slightly tapering posteriorly and granulose. Vertex slightly elongated. Dorsal portion of head flattened, with two spines projecting dorsally at posterior margin of eyes. Eyes circular and strongly projecting hemispherically. Antennae almost reaching posterior margin of median segment, with 23 segments. Scapus strongly flattened dorso-ventrally and rounded laterally. Pedicellus cylindrical. Upper part of genae granulose.</p><p>THORAX. Pronotum trapezoidal and granulose, widening posteriorly; shorter than head; anterior margin incurved and raised, followed by median longitudinal impression not reaching posterior margin. Central transverse impression not reaching lateral edges of pronotum. Mesonotum about six to seven times as long as pronotum and strongly granulose, widening posteriorly; with fine median longitudinal line. Tegmina blackish, short and with definite hump; slightly tapering posteriorly and with apex rounded; external margin densely covered with minute tubercles. Alae projecting over apex of median segment; costal area coloured as elytra, anal area greyish brown; subcostal and radial veins densely covered with minute tubercles.</p><p>ABDOMEN. Abdominal segments II–V gradually increasing in length, V–VI about equal in length, slightly granulose and with fine median, longitudinal line; granules more concentrated along median line. Tergum VII shorter than tergum III. Tergum VIII about half as long as tergum II, slightly widening posteriorly. Tergum IX shorter than VIII and tectiform. Tergum X about as long as VIII and with median longitudinal carina; apically split into two semi-tergites. Inner apical rim of semi-tergite armed with several spines; apex obliquely pointing downwards; posterolateral angles rounded. Poculum rounded, slightly projecting over apex of abdominal tergum IX. Apex of poculum narrower and rounded. Cerci short, not reaching apex of tergum X, cylindrical in cross-section, with apices rounded.</p><p>LEGS. Profemora slightly longer than head and thorax combined; compressed and curved basally; anterodorsal carina with few, small serrations anteriorly; other carinae unarmed. Mesofemora about as long as pro- and mesonotum combined; posterodorsal carina variably with few triangular spines. Metafemora longer than head, pro-, meso- and metanotum combined and unarmed. Protibiae longer than profemora and unarmed. Mesotibiae slightly longer than mesofemora; anterodorsal carina with minute subapical spine; anteroventral carina with minute spine situated more basally than spine on anterodorsal carina; posteroventral carina with minute spine more basally than spine on anteroventral carina. Metatibiae with minute saw-like spines in posterior half on all carinae.</p><p>Female (Figs 7, 9 A–H, 10I–J)</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. See Table 3.</p><p>BODY. Colouration variable. Most specimens more or less uniformly brown with some black markings; some specimens with head, legs and apex of abdomen red-brown and very pale fawn body. Prosternum with conspicuous black, longitudinal median line.</p><p>HEAD. Longer than wide, slightly tapering posteriorly and granulose. Vertex slightly elongated and asymmetrical: vertex split by shallow longitudinal impression, right hump slightly more pronounced than left one. Dorsal portion of head flattened, with transverse, laterally acute ridge at posterior margin of eyes. Eyes circular and projecting hemispherically. Antennae short, with 23–25 segments, most females possess 25 segments. Scapus strongly flattened dorso-ventrally and rounded laterally, with outer lobe more prominent. Pedicellus slightly flattened dorso-ventrally. First antennomere about as long as following two ones combined. Apical half of antenna with very short segments; apical segment about as long as four preceding segments combined. Upper part of genae granulose.</p><p>THORAX. Pronotum trapezoidal, widening posteriorly; shorter than head and granulose; anterior margin incurved and raised, followed by median longitudinal impression not reaching posterior margin. Central transverse impression not reaching lateral edges of pronotum. Posterior margin with small posteromedian tubercle. Mesonotum about 3.7 times as long as pronotum and strongly granulose, widening posteriorly; fine median longitudinal line; tiny vestigial wing remnants posterolaterally. Metanotum with anterior margin weakly incurved and raised, subquadrate and strongly granulose. Median segment slightly longer than wide; anterior portion strongly granulose. Meso- and metasternum with posteriorly, between legs, Y-shaped impression resulting in two small pseudo-foramina.</p><p>ABDOMEN. Abdominal segments II–VI gradually increasing in length, granulose and with fine median, longitudinal line; larger granules along median line. Tergum VII about as long as tergum III; sometimes with stalked, irregularly shaped tubercles. Tergum VIII shorter than tergum II, slightly widening posteriorly; posterior margin weakly incurved. Tergum IX with anterior margin slightly convex; posterior margin slightly narrower. Tergum X about as long as IX and with median, longitudinal carina; strongly notched posteriorly; posterolateral angles rounded. Terga IX–X with lateral edges more pronounced and lobe-like. Epiproct elongated, about ⅔ as long as abdominal tergum X, and with median, longitudinal carina; tectiform and with shallow apical notch. Subgenital plate elongated, slightly projecting over apex of tergum X; apical half with median longitudinal carina; apex rounded. Cerci short, not reaching apex of tergum X, cylindrical in cross-section, with apices rounded. Gonapophyses strongly elongated, reaching apex of epiproct.</p><p>LEGS. Profemora longer than head, pronotum and mesonotum combined; compressed and curved basally; anterodorsal carina with small serrations, more prominent anteriorly; posterodorsal carina indistinct; posteroventral carina sometimes with few minute serrations. Mesofemora with three lobes on posterodorsal carina; anterior one most prominent and gradually becoming smaller; anterior lobe resulting in different spines; two other lobes with one apical spine; antero-ventral carina with three small lobe-like spines; posteroventral carina with one small lobe-like spine in apical half. Metafemora with anterodorsal carina sparsely serrated; other carinae unarmed. Protibiae longer than head and thorax combined; posterodorsal carina with inconspicuous triangular lobe positioned at about basal ¼ of length; anterodorsal carina with few minute serrations. Mesotibiae slightly longer than mesofemora; posterodorsal carina with conspicuous lobe at about basal ¼ of length; dorsal carinae with minute black spine near apex; medioventral carina with conspicuous lobe mirroring the one on posterodorsal carina and with minute black serrations; postero- and anteroventral carinae with minute black serrations. Metatibiae shorter than profemora; all ventral carinae with minute black serrations; dorsal carinae sparsely armed with minute black serrations, more concentrated subapically.</p><p>Nymph (Fig. 9N)</p><p>Newly hatched nymphs are about 17 mm long and have comparatively long legs. Antennae short, slightly longer than head. Body entirely mottled green, brown and black.</p><p>Egg (Fig. 9 O–S)</p><p>MEASUREMENTS (in mm). Length: 4.0; width: 1.2; height: 1.5.</p><p>Elongate-oval, general colouration light brown with black markings. Capsule oval in cross section, with the surface granulose and with a net-like sculpturing. Anteriorly with short brown fringes along the anterior margin of the capsule. Dorsal side slightly concave. Micropylar plate more or less bi-lobate with a median impression anteriorly and posteriorly. Anteriorly triangular, then widening; lateral expansions axe-shaped, with posterolateral angles projecting over micropylar cup. Micropylar cup definite, blackish and followed by relatively long median line. Micropylar plate and median line coloured as capsule. Ventral side slightly convex. Polar area with shallow indention. Operculum slightly darker than capsule, with deep central impression.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>So far only known from Cat Tien National Park and Dong Nai Biosphere Reserve in south Vietnam (Fig. 1).</p><p>Biological observations</p><p>Several eggs of this species hatched and nymphs were reared in captivity using ferns (Dryopteridacea), which seem to be their natural foodplant. Substitute plants like bramble ( Rubus L. spp., Rosaceae), beech ( Fagus sylvatica L., Fagaceae) and Hypericum L. spp. ( Hypericaceae) are also well accepted in captivity in Europe. This species is easy to maintain in captivity. Females try to stick their eggs into cracks and holes. Sponges cut into slices are suitable as substrate for this (Fig. 9T). Only few eggs will lay on the cage floor (pers. comm. B. Kneubühler, Jan. 2015). To collect eggs from wild caught females, paper tissue was used as substrate for egg laying.</p><p>Males are capable of stridulating, but in order to do so, they have to completely open their wings. When wings are open, the alae are not flat as in most stick insects, but have the outer margin curved downwards (Fig. 9J). By rubbing the outer margins of the tegmina against the subcostal and radial veins of the alae they are able to produce sound. The stridulation occurs when the specimens are disturbed.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03916022F27664316643E75D508BF9D9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bresseel, Joachim;Constant, Jérôme	Bresseel, Joachim, Constant, Jérôme (2015): The new genus of stick insect Lobofemora from Vietnam, with the description of three new species (Phasmida: Phasmatidae: Clitumnini). European Journal of Taxonomy 115: 1-25, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2015.115
