identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
039187B5817CFFB1FF01B7DCFB74F963.text	039187B5817CFFB1FF01B7DCFB74F963.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hypsolebias gongobira Abrantes & Ramos & Bento & Lima 2023	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hypsolebias gongobira ,  new species</p>
            <p>(Figs. 2 and 3, Table 1)</p>
            <p> Simpsonichthys antenori (not Tulipano):   Costa, 2007: 97 [comparative material, MNRJ 19478: Brazil, Ceará,  Aquiraz , road BR-116, km 30]  . </p>
            <p>
                  Holotype. MNRJ 54900, male, 44.8 mm SL: Brazil, Ceará State, Aquiraz Municipality, temporary pool near  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -38.404724/lat -3.8966665)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-38.404724&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.8966665">rio Pacoti</a>
                 , 03°53’48” S 38°24’17” W, S.M.Q. Lima, T. P.A. Ramos, A.B.A. Bennemann &amp; Y.G. Abrantes, 13 Jun 2021. 
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            <p> Paratypes. MZUSP 129607, 1 male, 25.0 mm SL, 3 females, 22.2–23.5 mm SL; UFRN 5847, 1 male, 34.5 mm SL; UFRN 6029, 1 male, 30.9 mm SL, 1 female, 35.5 mm SL (c&amp;s); same data as holotype . </p>
            <p> Diagnosis.  Hypsolebias gongobira is distinguished from all other species of the  H. antenori species-group by presenting a higher number of longitudinal series scales (33 vs. 27–31). Additionally, it is distinguished from the remaining species of the group, except  H. coamazonicus ,  H. martinsi and  H. antenori , by the absence of vertical grey bars on body side in males, visible in live specimens (vs. presence); it differs from  H. faouri by the presence of a reduced number of opaque white dots on body in males (vs. numerous iridescent blue dots); it differs from  H. nudiorbitatus by having lower number of neuromasts in preopercular series (15 vs. 18); and from  H. igneus by presenting lower number of transverse series scales (12 vs. 14), and short filaments on anal fin in adult males (vs. long filaments). It is distinguished from the closest related species,  H. coamazonicus ,  H. martinsi and  H. antenori by having fewer rows of scales in caudal peduncle series (14 vs. 16); four short black filaments at tip of dorsal and anal fins in males (vs. 1–2 in  H. antenori and  H. martinsi , 3 in  H. coamazonicus ); fewer pelvic fin rays (5 vs. 6); contact organs absent in lateral body and between pectoral-fin rays, except in  H. martinsi (vs. present). It additionally differs from  H. martinsi by having higher number of dorsal-fin rays (22–23 vs. 20), and anal-fin rays (23–24 vs. 20), in males. It differs from  H. coamazonicus by sides of body light brownish grey in males (vs. light bluish grey), and lower number of preopercular neuromasts (15 vs. 17–18). The new species differs from  H. antenori by color of caudal fin (dark green vs. yellowish green), of distal stripe on caudal fin (opaque blue vs. metallic blue); presence of iridescent transverse scales in males (vs. absence); head depth in males (68.2–86.8% HL vs. 98.4–117.3%); head width (53.7–62.2% HL vs. 74.7–78.4%); and snout length (16.2–26.2% HL vs. 12.5–14.7%). </p>
            <p>Description. Morphometric data presented in Table 1. Largest male examined 44.8 mm SL; largest female examined 35.5 mm SL. Body relatively deep, laterally compressed, greatest body depth at pelvic-fin base. Head narrow, elliptical shaped in lateral view. Relatively long jaws, teeth numerous, conical, irregularly arranged; outer teeth large, inner teeth small and numerous. Vomerine teeth absent. Snout blunt. Eyes positioned on upper lateral portion of head.</p>
            <p>Dorsal profile slightly convex from snout to end of dorsal-fin base, slightly convex or straight on caudal peduncle. Ventral profile convex from lower jaw to end of anal-fin base, approximately straight on caudal peduncle. Urogenital papilla cylindrical in males, moderately long, pocket-shaped urogenital opening in females, slightly overlapping anal-fin origin. Dorsal and anal fin pointed with filaments in males and rounded in females. Tip of both dorsal and anal fins with four short filamentous rays in males; filaments absent in females. Caudal fin subtruncate in males, rounded in females. Pectoral fin long, elliptical to slightly pointed, posterior tip reaching vertical between base of 6th and 7th anal-fin rays in males, reaching urogenital papilla in females. Pelvic fin pointed, without interspace. Tip of pelvic fin reaching base of second and third anal-fin rays in males and reaching urogenital papilla in females.</p>
            <p>Dorsal-fin origin on vertical through anal fin in males; anal-fin origin on vertical through base of 3rd dorsal-fin ray in males. Dorsal-fin origin posterior to anal-fin origin in females, on vertical through base of 5th anal-fin ray. Anal-fin origin at pleural rib of 7th vertebra in males, and pleural rib of 8th vertebra in females. Dorsal-fin rays 22–23 in males, 16–18 in females; anal-fin rays 23–24 in males, 21–23 in females; caudal-fin rays 22–24; pectoral-fin rays 12–13; pelvic-fin rays 5.</p>
            <p>Cephalic neuromasts: supraorbital 15–17, parietal 3, anterior rostral 1, posterior rostral with one lateral neuromast and one middle neuromast, infraorbital 3+18–20, preorbital 4–3, otic 2, post-otic 4, supratemporal 1, median opercular 1, ventral opercular 3, preopercular 15, mandibular 12–13, lateral mandibular 6–7, and paramandibular 1. No contact organs on fins. One neuromast on each scale of lateral line. Two neuromasts on caudal-fin base. Frontal squamation E-patterned; E-scales overlapping medially; no row of scales anterior to H-scale; longitudinal series of scales 30–33; transverse series of scales 12; scale rows around caudal peduncle 14. Total vertebrae 28.</p>
            <p>Coloration in life. Males: Sides of body light grey brownish, with iridescent white scales on anterior dorsal portion of flank; opaque white dots on latero-posterior portion of body and caudal peduncle. Venter pale orange. Opercular region pale golden. Iris dark yellow, with vertical dark gray bar. Dorsal fin dark green with large white dots over whole fin. Four short black filaments on tips of dorsal and anal fins. Anal fin dark green with broad yellowish orange stripe on subdistal margin and broad black stripe on distal margin; white spots on entire fin, with greater concentration on posterior region. Caudal fin dark green with white dots; distal margin opaque light blue. Pectoral fin hyaline. Pelvic fin orange with distal black stripe.</p>
            <p>Females: Sides of body light grey, with iridescent golden on anterior medial portion of flank; 6–7 faint light gray bars; 3 black spots anterocentral portion of flank; 4 irregularly arranged black spots on caudal peduncle. Venter pale orange. Opercular region golden. Infraorbital region pale purple. Iris light yellow, with vertical dark gray bar. Fins hyaline.</p>
            <p>Coloration in alcohol. Males: Sides of body light brown. Venter light yellow. Opercular region pale yellow. Iris white. Dorsal, anal and caudal fins dark brown, with white dots. Pelvic fin light brown. Pectoral fins hyaline with black distal margin. Females: Sides of body pale yellow, with 4–6 gray bars. Three black spots on anterocentral portion of flank. Venter pale yellow. Opercular region pale yellow. Iris white, with gray bar vertical in center of eye. Fins hyaline.</p>
            <p> Distribution.  Hypsolebias gongobira is only known from its type locality, a temporary pool in the floodplain of the rio Pacoti coastal microbasin located 0.6 km west of the main channel, and about 200 m south of the rio Pacoti Environmental Protection Area, at the margin of the CE-040 road that leads to the municipality of Aquiraz, Ceará State, Brazil (Figs. 1 and 4). This small coastal drainage is fully within the Caatinga vegetation domain. </p>
            <p> Habitat and ecological notes. The temporary pool had an area of 384 m ², located at an altitude of 5 m and distant 4.6 km from the Atlantic Ocean. The surface of the water was covered by a dense layer of aquatic plants. The predominant species were  Echinodorus sp. and  Nymphaea sp. on the surface, while the surrounding vegetation was composed of carnaúbas  Copernicia prunifera Miller. The water was muddy and the depth varied between 0.8 m to 1 m, with muddy bottom (Fig. 4).  Hypsolebias gongobira was found in syntopy with another seasonal killifish,  H. longignatus , classified as ‘vulnerable’ on Brazil’s endangered species list (ICMBio, 2018). </p>
            <p> Etymology. The name  “ gongobira ” refers to a divine entity of nature revered for its hunting and fishing skills, known from the candomblé of Angola and Congo. According to religious myths of Angola, it was Gongobira who populated all the dark water lagoons with colorful fishes (Simas &amp; Rufino 2019). He is also considered the son of the waters and the forests, as well as the owner of abundance and beauty. A noun in apposition. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039187B5817CFFB1FF01B7DCFB74F963	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Abrantes, Yuri Gomes;Ramos, Telton Pedro Anselmo;Bento, Diego De Medeiros;Lima, Sergio Maia Queiroz	Abrantes, Yuri Gomes, Ramos, Telton Pedro Anselmo, Bento, Diego De Medeiros, Lima, Sergio Maia Queiroz (2023): Molecular delimitation of the seasonal killifishes of the Hypsolebias antenori species group (Cyprinodontiformes, Rivulidae), with description of two new species from the Caatinga coastal basins, northeastern Brazil. Zootaxa 5389 (5): 545-562, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5389.5.2, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5389.5.2/52537
039187B5817FFFBDFF01B7D2FB3EFE73.text	039187B5817FFFBDFF01B7D2FB3EFE73.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hypsolebias bonita Abrantes & Ramos & Bento & Lima 2023	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hypsolebias bonita ,  new species</p>
            <p>(Figs. 5 and 6, Table 1)</p>
            <p> Simpsonichthys antenori (not Tulipano):   Costa, 2007: 97 (comparative material, ZVC.P uncat.: Brazil, Rio Grande do Norte,  Mossoró )  . </p>
            <p> Hypsolebias antenori (not Tulipano): Costa, 2011: 225, fig. 5 (distribution); Costa et al., 2014: 2–3, figs. 1, 3 (distribution; phylogenetic relationships); Oliveira et al., 2018: 251–252, figs.1, 3 (habitats notes); Abrantes et al., 2020: 306–307, figs. 1–2 (listed: córrego Virgílio microbasin, rio Apodi-Mossoró, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte); Abrantes et al., 2023: 5 (listed: córrego Virgílio microbasin, rio Apodi-Mossoró, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte). </p>
            <p>
                  Holotype. MNRJ 54899, male 38.8 mm SL: Brazil, Rio Grande do Norte State, Baraúna Municipality, córrego  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -37.504166/lat -5.048611)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-37.504166&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.048611">Virgílio</a>
                 microbasin, 05°02’55”S 37°30’15”W, S.M.Q. Lima, D.M. Bento, I. Freitas, A.B.A. Bennemann &amp; Y.G. Abrantes, 26 Jun 2018. 
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                 Paratypes.All from Brazil, Rio Grande do Norte .  UFRN 5226, 5 males, 32.6–38.4 mm SL ,  5 females, 22.6–36.2 mm SL, same data as holotype .  UFRN 5228, 2 males 35.1–38.2 mm SL ,   5 females, 17.8–32.2 mm SL;  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -37.71/lat -5.5625)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-37.71&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.5625">Felipe Guerra Municipality</a>
                 , 05°33’45”S 37°42’36” W, F.F. Petean, D.M. Bento, I. Freitas &amp; Y.G. Abrantes, 10 Jun 2018  .  MZUSP 129608, 5 males, 39.1–49.5 mm SL ,   5 females, 30.4–37.8 mm SL; Mossoró Municipality,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -37.536667/lat -5.1691666)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-37.536667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.1691666">rio Apodi-Mossoró</a>
                 , 05°10’09” S 37°32’12” W, Y.G. Abrantes, A. Antunes &amp; G. Nunes, 11 May 2019  .  UFRN 5624, 2 males 35.8–40.6 mm SL ,   7 females 22.4–33.5 mm SL; Baraúna Municipality, Virgílio stream,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -37.462223/lat -5.070833)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-37.462223&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.070833">Furna Feia National Park</a>
                 , 05º04’15” S 37º27’44” W, S.Y.L. Costa, D.M. Bento, M.G.S. Lira, I. Freitas &amp; S.C. Silva, 3 Jun 2019  .  UFRN 5625, 2 males, 34.0– 35.8 mm SL ,   5 females, 28.3–30.0 mm SL; Apodi Municipality,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -37.82639/lat -5.5919447)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-37.82639&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.5919447">Lajedo de Soledade</a>
                 , 05°35’31” S 37º49’35” W, S.Y.L. Costa, D.M. Bento, M.G.S. Lira, I. Freitas &amp; S.C. Silva, 8 Jun 2019  .  UFRN 5626, 4 males, 41.5–45.5 mm SL ,   4 females, 32.4–34.3 mm SL; Mossoró Municipality,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -37.396114/lat -5.181722)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-37.396114&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-5.181722">rio Apodi-Mossoró</a>
                 , 05°10’54.2” S 37°23’46” W, S.Y.L. Costa, D.M. Bento, M.G.S. Lira, I. Freitas &amp; S.C. Silva, 5 Jun 2019  . 
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            <p> Diagnosis.  Hypsolebias bonita differs from the remaining species of the  H. antenori species group by having fewer scale rows around caudal peduncle (12–14 vs. 16–17). It is distinguished from  H. igneus by color of dorsal-fin (yellowish brown vs. purplish pink); it differs from  H. faouri by presenting a lower number of pelvic-fin rays (6 vs. 8), and from  H. nudiorbitatus by lower number of neuromasts on infraorbital series (15–19 vs. 23–26). The new species is distinguished from  H. coamazonicus ,  H. martinsi ,  H. gongobira and  H. antenori by presenting higher number of parietal neuromasts (4 vs. 2–3), and absence of contact organs, except in  H. martinsi (vs. presence). It is distinguished from  H. martinsi by the number dorsal-fin rays (21–25 vs. 20), and number of caudal-fin rays (22–25 vs. 20–21). The new species differs from  H. gongobira by dorsal-fin origin at vertical through base of 2 nd –3 nd anal-fin ray, in males (vs. dorsal-fin origin on vertical through 1st anal-fin ray); lower number filaments at tip of dorsal and anal fins in adult males (3 vs. 4). It differ from  H. coamazonicus by presenting higher number of longitudinal series scales (28–30 vs. 27). It differ from  H. antenori by presenting lower scales transverse series counts (12 vs. 14); by position of dark grey bar in eye (oblique vs. vertical); by presence of iridescent blue dots in the body and caudal fin (vs. presence of white dots), by presenting a higher number of vertebrae (30 vs. 26–28), and narrow head width in males (51.3–64.1% HL vs. 74.7–78.4% HL). </p>
            <p>Description. Morphometric data in Table 1. Largest male examined 49.5 mm SL; largest female examined 37.8 mm SL. Eyes positioned on upper lateral portion of head. Head narrow, elliptical shaped in lateral view. Snout short. Jaws short, teeth numerous, conical, irregularly arranged; outer teeth large, inner teeth small and numerous. Vomerine teeth absent. Body moderately deep, laterally compressed, greatest body depth at level of pelvic-fin base. Dorsal profile convex from snout to end of dorsal-fin base, slightly convex; caudal peduncle slightly concave or straight. Ventral profile convex from lower jaw to end of anal-fin base, approximately straight on caudal peduncle.</p>
            <p>Dorsal and anal fin pointed with filaments reaching vertical through posterior portion of caudal fin in males, and rounded to slightly pointed in females, unbranched in both sexes. Tip of both dorsal and anal fins with 2–3 short filamentous rays in male adults; filaments absent in females. Pectoral fin long, elliptical to slightly pointed, posterior tip reaching vertical at base of 5th and 6th anal-fin rays in males, reaching urogenital papilla in females. Tip of pelvic-fin reaching base of 1st–2nd anal-fin rays in males and reaching urogenital papilla in females. Pelvic fin without interspace. Urogenital papilla cylindrical, exposed in males, Pocket-shaped urogenital opening in females. Pelvic fin pointed, without interspace. Caudal fin rounded in males and females.</p>
            <p>Dorsal-fin origin in 3rd vertical through anal fin in males; anal-fin origin on vertical through base of 2nd dorsal-fin ray in males. Dorsal-fin origin posterior to anal-fin origin in females, at vertical through base of 4th anal-fin ray. Anal-fin origin at pleural rib of 8th vertebra in males, and pleural rib of ninth vertebra in females. Dorsal-fin rays 21–25 in males, 15–17 in females; anal-fin rays 21–24 in males, 19–22 in females; caudal-fin rays 22–25 in males, 21–24 in females; pectoral-fin rays 12–13; pelvic-fin rays 5–6.</p>
            <p>Cephalic neuromasts: supraorbital 16–18, parietal 3–4, anterior rostral 1, posterior rostral 1, infraorbital 3+15– 19, preorbital 3, otic 2–4, post-otic 2–3, supratemporal 1, median opercular 1, ventral opercular 2–3, preopercular 16–17, mandibular 11–13, lateral mandibular 4–8, and paramandibular 1. One neuromast on each scale of lateral line. Two neuromasts on caudal-fin base. Frontal squamation E-patterned; E-scales overlapping medially; no row of scales anterior to H-scale; longitudinal series of scales 28–30; transverse series of scales 12; scale rows around caudal peduncle 12–14. Contact organs absent in males. Total vertebrae 30.</p>
            <p>Coloration in life. Males: sides of body light gray, with iridescent blue spots. Venter pale orange. Opercular region pale golden. Iris dark yellow, with oblique dark gray bar. Dorsal fin yellowish brown, with large bluish white dots. Three short black filaments on tips of dorsal fin and anal fin. Anal fin yellowish orange with white dots, subdistal zone orange with black distal stripe. Caudal fin greenish yellow, with blue dots, distal margin blue metallic. Pectoral fin hyaline with distal black stripe. Pelvic fin orange with distal black stripe.</p>
            <p>Coloration in alcohol. Males: Sides of body brownish orange, with 10–12 vertical gray bars. Venter light yellow. Opercular region pale yellow. Iris white. Dorsal, anal and caudal fins dark brown, with white dots.Anal fin with broad white stripe on subdistal zone. Pelvic fin light brown. Pectoral fin hyaline with black distal margin.</p>
            <p>Females: Sides of body light grey, with iridescent golden on portion dorsal of flank; 3 black spots anterocentral portion of flank; 3–16 irregularly arranged black spots on caudal peduncle. Venter pale yellow. Opercular region silver golden. Infraorbital region light gray. Iris light yellow, with vertical dark gray bar. Fins hyaline.</p>
            <p> Distribution.  Hypsolebias bonita is known from six localities, with two occurrences in the Furna Feia National Park (FFNP) in the córrego Virgílio microbasin (Figs. 1 and 7), and four localities in the floodplains of the rio Apodi-Mossoró basin, Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil. </p>
            <p> Habitat and ecological notes. The new species occurs in Caatinga areas of the Rio Grande do Norte State. The predominant climate in the region is semiarid, influencing the seasonal hydrological regime of the rivers and streams of the MNCE. The rainy season occurs between October and April, with average annual precipitation between 500 mm and 800 mm (Silva et al. 2017). The temporary pools inhabited by the species ranged in length from 2 m to 336 m, widths from 3 m to 150 m, and presented a total area from 15 m ² to 27,800 m ². The depth ranged from 0.1 m to 1.9 m. Some pools presented clear water, but most were muddy with little or no floating vegetation, and muddy, sandy or rocky substrate. In the latter case, the temporary pools were found among rocky outcrops and in caves of the Jandaíra formation, a very unusual habitat for a killifish (Abrantes et al. 2023). The surrounding vegetation consisted of small to medium-sized trees that partially shaded the pools.  Hypsolebias bonita was found with  Astyanax bimaculatus Linnaeus in the FFNP, and with  Cynolebias microphthalmus Costa &amp; Brasil in the rio Apodi-Mossoró basin, the latter a severely impacted area by urban expansion. </p>
            <p>Etymology. The name ‘ bonita’ (beautiful) is a term with a double allusion. The first, honors Maria Gomes de Oliveira, known as Maria Bonita, the most prominent woman leader within the ‘cangaço’ social movement in the early XX century. Alongside her husband Virgulino Ferreira da Silva, known as Lampião, they led a band of ‘ cangaceiros ’ carrying out incursions in the northeastern hinterland. One of the most famous raids happened on June 13, 1927 in the municipality of Mossoró (Rio Grande do Norte State) (Mello 2023). The second allusion represents an antonymy to the adjective ‘feia’ (ugly), present in the name of the Furna Feia National Park located in Mossoró and Baraúna municipalities, where the type-locality of the new species is situated. A noun in apposition.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039187B5817FFFBDFF01B7D2FB3EFE73	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Abrantes, Yuri Gomes;Ramos, Telton Pedro Anselmo;Bento, Diego De Medeiros;Lima, Sergio Maia Queiroz	Abrantes, Yuri Gomes, Ramos, Telton Pedro Anselmo, Bento, Diego De Medeiros, Lima, Sergio Maia Queiroz (2023): Molecular delimitation of the seasonal killifishes of the Hypsolebias antenori species group (Cyprinodontiformes, Rivulidae), with description of two new species from the Caatinga coastal basins, northeastern Brazil. Zootaxa 5389 (5): 545-562, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5389.5.2, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5389.5.2/52537
