identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03908780FFBB774BFF1DC331FDF0F918.text	03908780FFBB774BFF1DC331FDF0F918.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Afroleius Mahunka 1984	<div><p>Afroleius Mahunka, 1984</p><p>Adults. Integument foveate or reticulate; lamella marginal; rostral seta short to medium length; lamellar seta medium to long; interlamellar seta minute; pteromorph large, fully hinged; octotaxic system consisting of four pairs of saccules or porose areas; ten pairs of minute notogastral setae present; posterior notogastral tectum present, undivided; genal notch and broad genal tooth usually present; axillary saccule of subcapitulum present; epimeral setae 3c and 4c absent; discidium present; custodium absent; epimeral border 4 heavily sclerotized; apodemata II, sj and III parallel; pedotectum I large, broad; genital plates with six pairs of setae; adanal setae (ad 1–3) inserted close to each other near postero-lateral border of anal plates, posterior to iad; preanal organ of medium length, stem broadening towards base; postanal porose area usually present; tutorium consisting of dorsal ridge with deep incurvation in basal part; all legs heterotridactylous; tarsi I and II with dorsal dens proximal to tectal setae, varying from small point to large well-developed spur; genua I and II distally with one or two prominent cusps positioned antiaxially; porose regions on femora I–IV and trochanters III–IV present; lateral seta l' on femur III absent (i.e. Fe III with two setae). For a comprehensive description see Coetzee &amp; Tiedt 2013.</p><p>Juvenile instars (only A. floridus comb. nov. known)</p><p>Humeral organ absent, axillary saccule absent, pygidial sclerite large, unsclerotized, covering dorsal side of gastronotum; lateral sclerites absent.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03908780FFBB774BFF1DC331FDF0F918	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Coetzee, Louise	Coetzee, Louise (2014): Afroleius floridus (Mahunka, 1985) comb. nov. and three new Afroleius Mahunka, 1984 species (Acari: Oribatida: Mycobatidae) from South Africa. Zootaxa 3889 (4): 553-573, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3889.4.4
03908780FFBB7742FF1DC063FF26F978.text	03908780FFBB7742FF1DC063FF26F978.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Afroleius floridus (Mahunka 1985) Mahunka 1985	<div><p>Afroleius floridus (Mahunka, 1985) comb. nov.</p><p>(Figs 1 –4, 11)</p><p>Magyaria florida Mahunka, 1985</p><p>Mahunka 1985b Folia Entomologica Hungarica 46(1): 92, Figs 42–47 Species diagnosis. Dorsal and ventral surfaces with irregularly shaped foveae, inner surfaces of cavities with fine, irregular sculpture; surfaces of prodorsum and pteromorph reticulate, with some cerotegument; octotaxic system consisting of saccules; bothridial seta clavate, head sparsely barbed, stalk thin, directed antero-dorsally; rostral seta short, coarsely barbed; lamellar seta long, minutely barbed, thin; postanal porose area present; dorsal dens on tarsi I and II large; genu I distally with dorsal and ventral cusps antiaxially; genu II distally with lateral cusp.</p><p>Dimensions. Males (n = 6): length 238 (233–243), width 161 (148–175). Females (n = 14): length 256 (249–265), width 175 (166–187).</p><p>Prodorsum (Figs 1 A–D, 3A). Rostral margin anteriorly with two small notches, transparent U-shaped area between notches (Fig. 1 B); prodorsal surface reticulate with some cerotegument on reticulation; lamella wide, extending over lateral margin of prodorsum; rostral seta (ro) short (~19), coarsely barbed, inserted at anterior apex of tutorium; lamellar seta (le) long (~40), minutely barbed, thin; interlamellar seta (in) minute (~6); bothridial opening directed ventro-laterally, with overlapping slit in ventral wall of bothridium; bothridial seta (bo) clavate, head sparsely barbed, stalk long, thin, directed antero-dorsally (Fig. 3 A); length of bothridial seta from point of emerging from bothridium to tip of seta ~63 (55–77).</p><p>Notogaster (Figs 1 A, D, 3A, C). Surface of notogaster with irregularly shaped foveae, inner surface of cavities with fine, irregular sculpture (Fig. 3 C); octotaxic system consisting of saccules; notogastral setae minute (~6); orifice of opisthosomal gland (gla) very small, situated laterally to lp (Fig. 3 C); surface of pteromorph reticulate with some cerotegument.</p><p>Podosoma and gnathosoma (Figs 1 C, 1D, 3B). Surface of mentum and epimeral region similar to that of notogastral surface; subcapitular seta a of medium length, smooth, m of medium length, finely barbed, h shorter, smooth; paraxial lateral seta on palptarsus thick (Fig. 3 B, indicated by arrow), barbed; genal notch present, genal tooth short, broad (see Coetzee &amp; Tiedt 2013, their Fig. 5); epimeral setae very short; epimeral setation (epimeres I–IV) 2-1-2-2; surface of pedotectum I reticulate with some cerotegument.</p><p>Ventral plate (Fig. 1 C). Surface of genital plate smooth; surface of anal plate foveate; ventral plate with large foveae, structure of foveae similar to that of dorsal surface; postanal porose area present, small, round, covered by posterior notogastral tectum.</p><p>Legs (Figs 2 A–D, 3D). Setal formula (trochanter to tarsus, famulus included): Leg I 1-5 -3-4-20; Leg II 1-5 -3- 4-15; Leg III 2-2 -1-3-15; Leg IV 1-2 -2-3-12. Solenidial formula (genu to tarsus): Leg I 1-2 -2; Leg II 1-1 -2; Leg III 1-1 -0; Leg IV 0-1-0.</p><p>Legs relatively short; dorsal integument of tarsi I, II, IV and tibiae I, II, IV thick; medial claw of all legs strong, lateral claws thin; femora I–IV, trochanters III–IV antiaxially with fine striae. Leg I: large, pointed, distally directed dens present on dorsal side of tarsus proximal to tectal setae; antiaxial fastigial seta (ft ") short and thin; famulus (ε) short; genu distally with large ventral and slightly smaller dorsal cusp antiaxially. Leg II: tarsus short, broad; large, pointed distally directed dens present on dorsal side of tarsus proximal to tectal setae; genu distally with large lateral cusp (Figs 2 B, 3D). Leg III: relatively short, dorsal integument of all segments thin; setae finer than on other legs; l' on femur absent. Leg IV: tarsus antiaxially with weakly developed diagonal tectum running from insertion of ft towards proximo-lateral base of segment; femur ventrally with wide tectum; dorsal seta (d) on femur thick, roughened.</p><p>Juvenile instars. Measurements: Length: larva 142, protonymph 152, deutonymph 201, tritonymph 228.</p><p>Tritonymph (Figs 4A–E). Prodorsum: Aspis micropunctate; porose sclerite present between insertions of in and bo and posterior prodorsal border; ro of medium length (~25), barbed; le (~42), in (~45) long, robust, with midrib, regularly-spaced lateral barbs along entire length of seta; axillary saccule absent; ex very short (~6), fine; bo long (~34), club-shaped, barbed, directed antero-laterally; all setae (except ex) inserted on tubercles.</p><p>Gastronotic region: Humeral organ absent; pygidial sclerite PY ill-defined, very weakly sclerotized, microtuberculate, large, covering dorsal side of gastronotum, bearing setae c 1, c 2, da, dm, dp, la, lm, lp, h1, h2, h3, p1; transverse tegumental fold present posterior to insertion of c 1; 15 pairs of gastronotic setae present; setae similar to le and in; setal lengths: c 1 ~52, c 2 ~46, c 3 ~10, da ~58, dm ~62, dp ~54, la ~47, lm ~54, lp ~53, h 1 ~59, h 2 ~44, h 3 ~55, p 1 ~46, p 2 ~17, p 3 ~15; all setae (except c 3, p 2, p 3) inserted on robust tubercles; c 3, p 2, p 3 short, proportionally smaller than other setae, not inserted on pygidial sclerite, inserted on smaller tubercles than rest of setae; opisthonotal gland gla medial to lp.</p><p>Ventral region: See Table 1 for development of coxisternal, genital, anal and adanal setae; all ventral setae minute, fine, smooth.</p><p>FIGURE 4. Afroleius floridus comb. nov. Tritonymph. C–E Light microscope images. A) Dorsal view. B) Ventral view. C) Seta h1 showing central core. D) Leg I, showing anterodorsal apophysis on tibia. E) Dorsal view. Scale bar 100 µm.</p><p>Legs: See Table 2 for development of leg setation. Tibia I of all juvenile instars with large anterodorsal apophysis, bearing solenidion φ1 (Fig. 4D).</p><p>Stase Trochanter Femur Genu Tibia Tarsus Leg I</p><p>Larva - d bv (l) σ (l) v’ φ1 (ft) (pv) (pl) s (a) (u) (p) (tc) ε ω1 Protonymph - ω2 Deutonymph - (l) φ2 Tritonymph v’ v’ v (it) Adult v l v’ Leg II</p><p>Larva - d bv (l) σ l’ v’ φ (ft) (pv) s (a) (u) (p) (tc) ω1 Protonymph -</p><p>Deutonymph - (l) l ω2 Tritonymph v’ v’ v (it) Adult v</p><p>Leg III</p><p>Larva - d ev’ l’ σ v’ φ1 (ft) (pv) s (a) (u) (p) (tc) Protonymph -</p><p>Deutonymph l’ l’ Tritonymph v’ l (it) Adult</p><p>Leg IV</p><p>Protonymph - - - - ft (p) (u) (pv) Deutonymph - d ev’ d v’ φ1 (tc) (a) s Tritonymph v’ l’ (l) Adult</p><p>Other instars. Setae and structures of larva, protonymph and deutonymph similar to tritonymph, but proportionally smaller. See Table 1 for development of dorsal and ventral setae.</p><p>Remarks. The large and unusually shaped setae consist of a central core, covered by a pigmented layer ornamented with regularly spaced, almost triangular protuberances (Fig. 4C). This layer can be stripped from the core by manipulation of specimens. Slight manipulation of exuviae for mounting and studying purposes causes the pygidial sclerite to detach from the aspis.</p><p>Material examined (Fig. 11). Paratype TM 14870 Magyaria florida Mahunka, 1985, on loan from Ditsong National Museum of Natural History (formerly Transvaal Museum), Pretoria. Collection data: Lottering forest, Tsitsikamma Mts, 33°57’S, 23°43’E; 12.xii.1977; from soil traps, leg. Dr. S. Endrődi.</p><p>Additional material: Litter from well-vegetated habitats such as forests (also pockets of forest in the grassland biome), savanna and coastal vegetation (indigenous and exotic) from the southern and south-eastern regions of South Africa (habitat types according to Mucina &amp; Rutherford 2006). Coastal vegetation &amp; Fynbos: Betty’s Bay 34°20'S 18°55'E 17.xi.1982 CME; Cintsa 32°50'S 28°06'E 1.xii.1989 CME; East London 33°02'S 27°52'E 19.i.1963 RvP; Hermanus (Fernkloof Nature Reserve) 34°23'S 19°15'E 29.xii.2013 LC; Kogel Bay 34°14'S 18°51'E 4.vii.1987 RE; Kogel Bay 34°14'S 18°51'E 23.ii.1983 BSR; Kogel Bay 34°14'S 18°51'E 4.v.1983 CME; Mossel Bay 34°11'S 22°08'E 4.ix.1963 RvP; Port Elizabeth 33°47'S 25°40'E 21.i.1963 RvP; Port Elizabeth (Summerstrand) 33°47'S 25°40'E 25.v.1982 CME; Thornhill 33°55'S 25°03'E 24.i.1963 RvP. Exotic ( Pinus) plantations: George (Witfontein) 33°57'S 22°32'E 29.1.1963 RvP; Knysna (Kruisfontein) 34°00'S 23°11'E 27.i.1963 RvP. Forest (coastal): Garden of Eden 34°00’S 23°11’E 5.i.2013 IE; George (Glentana) 34°03'S 22°18'E 31.xii.1981 CME; George (Saasveld) 33°57'S 22°32'E 29.i.1963 RvP; Harkerville 34°05'S 23°14'E 27.xii.2012 IE; Bloukrans Pass 33°57'S 23°38'E 26.i.1963 RvP; Karatara (Koobooberry farm) 33°58'S 22°49'E 28.xii.2012 LC; Tzitzikamma 33°58'S 23°53'E 25.i.1963 RvP; Wilderness National Park 33°59'S 22°36'E 27.v.2005 LG; Woodville Reserve 33°56'S 22°38'E 20.xii.2012 LC. Forest (mistbelt): Hogsback 32°35'S 26°55'E 1.vi.1994 BK. Fynbos: Grabouw (Houhoek Pass) 34°12'S 19°09'E 4.ix.1963 RvP; Bredasdorp 34°31'S 19°57'E 17.xi.1982 CME; Stormsvlei 34°04'S 20°05'E 17.xi.1982 CME. Grassland (pockets of forest): Penhoek Pass 31°27'S 26°42'E 17.i.1963 RvP; Olifantskop Pass 33°19'S, 25°56'E 26.v.1982 CME. Savanna: Cookhouse 32°40'S 2°549'E 26.v.1982 CME; Dordrecht 31°22'S 27°02'E 1.iii.1964 RvP; Grahams Town 33°18'S 26°34'E 15.iv.1963 CMO; Grahams Town district 33°25'S 26°03'E 26.v.1982 CME; King Williamstown 32°53'S 27°23'E 1.vi.1963 RvP; Cookhouse 33°23'S 2°541'E 26.v.1982 CME; Whittlesea 32°29'S 26°46'E 24.v.1982 CME.</p><p>Remarks. On some specimens the unique structure of the notogastral foveae are replaced by small, round foveae in the mid-notogastral area only, peripheral foveae are unchanged.</p><p>Balogh (1963) instituted the genus Magyaria with Scheloribates reticulatus Balogh, 1958 as type species, collected from the Kasai District in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Currently Magyaria consists of 17 species (excluding A. floridus comb. nov.) (Subías 2004, 2014). These species all have a narrow rostrum with long, marginal lamella, usually with prolamella, adanal seta ad 3 invariably inserted anteriorly to iad, four or five pairs of genital setae and the ambulacrum mono-, bi- or tridactyle. No mention is made of dens on tarsi I and II or cusps on genua. Species lack a notogastral tectum posteriorly. Magyaria is mainly distributed in the Oriental Region (12 species) and the northern part of the Ethiopian Region (five species) (Balogh 1963, Balogh 1970a, Balogh 1970b, Balogh &amp; Mahunka 1974, Corpuz-Raros 1979, Corpuz-Raros 1991, Hammer 1979, Mahunka 1978, Mahunka 1988, Mahunka 2008, Pérez-Íñigo 1981, Pérez-Íñigo 1983).</p><p>A. floridus comb. nov. differs from Magyaria in having shorter, more parallel, broad lamellae, large pedotectum I, apodemes II, sj and III more or less parallel (contrary to those of Magyaria which are slanted towards the genital plates), ad 3 inserted posterior to lyrifissure iad and six pairs of genital setae. This species also has the characteristic strongly sclerotized epimeral border IV and tutorium as in Afroleius, dens on tarsi I and II, cusps on genua I and II and a posterior notogastral tectum. These characters are all consistent with Afroleius .</p><p>Juveniles of A. floridus comb. nov. are the first to be discovered in the genus. The first association between juveniles and adults was made by the collection of an adult which was still connected to the nymphal exuvium. Further collection of juveniles followed after this recognition of juvenile morphology. Breeding experiments were also conducted. See Discussion for further remarks on juvenile morphology.</p><p>Afroleius floridus comb. nov. is a species of forests and well-vegetated areas of the southern regions of South Africa.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03908780FFBB7742FF1DC063FF26F978	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Coetzee, Louise	Coetzee, Louise (2014): Afroleius floridus (Mahunka, 1985) comb. nov. and three new Afroleius Mahunka, 1984 species (Acari: Oribatida: Mycobatidae) from South Africa. Zootaxa 3889 (4): 553-573, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3889.4.4
03908780FFB27741FF1DC043FC4EF902.text	03908780FFB27741FF1DC043FC4EF902.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Afroleius amieae	<div><p>Afroleius amieae sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 5, 6, 11)</p><p>Species diagnosis. Notogastral surface with small, round foveae; ventral surface with larger, round foveae; surfaces of prodorsum and pteromorph reticulate, with some cerotegument; octotaxic system consisting of saccules; bothridial seta clavate, sparsely barbed, stalk thin, directed antero-dorsally; rostral seta long, barbed; lamellar seta long, minutely barbed, thin, apices touching; postanal porose area present; large dorsal dens on tarsi I and II; genu I distally with dorsal and ventral cusps antiaxially; genu II distally with lateral cusp.</p><p>Dimensions. Holotype: (male) length 282, width 177: Paratypes: males (n = 8): length 268 (262–282), width 177 (166–186); females (n = 7): length 280 (276–284), width 190 (181–196).</p><p>Prodorsum (Figs 5 A, C, 6A, B). Rostral margin anteriorly with two small notches, transparent U-shaped area between notches (similar to A. floridus comb. nov. Fig. 1 B); prodorsal surface reticulate (Fig. 6 B); lamella wide, extending over lateral margin of prodorsum; rostral seta (ro) long, barbed (~38) (Fig. 6 B), inserted at anterior apex of tutorium; lamellar seta (le) long (~44), minutely barbed, thin, apices medially touching; interlamellar seta (in) minute (~5); bothridial opening directed ventro-laterally, with overlapping slit in ventral wall of bothridium; bothridial seta clavate, sparsely barbed, stalk long, thin, directed antero-dorsally, length of bothridial seta from point of emerging from bothridium to tip of seta ~60 (56–63).</p><p>Notogaster (Figs 5 A, C, 6A). Surface of notogaster with small, round foveae; octotaxic system consisting of saccules, notogastral setae minute (~5); orifice of opisthosomal gland (gla) very small, situated postero-laterally to lp; surface of pteromorph with thick reticulation and some cerotegument, reticulation replaced by fine granules along peripheral areas.</p><p>Podosoma and gnathosoma (Figs 5 B, C, 6C). Surface of mentum anteriorly with shallow foveae, posteriorly smooth, some cerotegument present; subcapitular seta a of medium length, finely barbed, m slightly longer than a, barbed, h short, smooth; genal notch (gn) present; genal tooth broad, short; epimeral setae very short; epimeral setation (epimeres I–IV) 2-1-2-2; epimeral surface laterally with large foveae, foveae medially smaller (Fig. 6 C); surface of pedotectum I reticulate with some cerotegument.</p><p>Ventral plate (Fig. 5 B). Surface of genital plate smooth; surface of anal plate foveate; ventral plate with large, round foveae; postanal porose area present, small, round, covered by posterior notogastral tectum.</p><p>Legs (Fig. 6 B). Setation of all legs similar to A. floridus comb. nov.; tarsi I and II proximally with small transverse ridges on dorsal surface, antiaxial surface granular; dorsal integument of tarsi I, II, IV and tibiae I, II, IV thick; femora I–IV, trochanters III–IV antiaxially with fine striae; tarsi I and II with large, pointed, distally directed dens; tarsus II short, broad; genua I and II distally with ventral and dorsal cusps antiaxially; tarsus IV antiaxially with weakly developed diagonal tectum running from insertion of ft towards proximo-lateral base of segment; femur ventrally with wide tectum.</p><p>Material examined (Fig. 11). Holotype: Database no. 1768.15.1, Edenville 27°29’S, 27°42’E, litter underneath shrubs, 19.i.1982, leg. C.M. Engelbrecht. Paratypes: from the same sample; 6 males and 5 females deposited in the Acarology Collection of the National Museum (Database no 1768.15.2); 2 males and 2 females deposited in the KwaZulu-Natal Museum (Database no: NMSA-Aca 20008, Type 4030).</p><p>Additional material: Litter associated with trees and shrubs from grassland and savanna biomes in central South Africa (habitat types according to Mucina &amp; Rutherford 2006). Grassland: Jim Fouche Resort (near Oranjeville) 27°00'S 28°22'E 4.vi.1964 DJK; Zastron 30°15'S 27°01'E 31.1.1977 CME; Welkom 28°04'S 26°27'E 14.ii.1977 CME; Reddersburg 29°39'S 26°11'E 21.ii.1977 CME; Heilbron 27°16'S 28°05'E 18.i.1982 CME; Edenville 27°29'S, 27°42'E 19.i.1982 CME; Kroonstad 27°36'S 27°26'E 19.i.1982 CME; Golden Gate Highlands National Park 28°31'S 28°36'E 25.i.1982 CME; Rhodes 30°45'S 28°01'E 3.xii.1993 JPE. Savanna: Vryburg 27°07'S 24°19'E 26.i.1983 CME.</p><p>Remarks. This species is very similar to A. floridus comb. nov., but differs in the notogastral surface having small, round foveae on the entire notogaster and in the length of the lamellar and rostral setae, with the rostral seta about twice the length of ro in A. floridus comb. nov. and the apices of the lamellar seta in A. amieae sp. nov. touching, whereas they are well separated in A. floridus . It also differs in habitat preference as it occurs mainly in the grassland biome of central South Africa.</p><p>Etymology. This species is named for my mother, Amie Botha.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03908780FFB27741FF1DC043FC4EF902	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Coetzee, Louise	Coetzee, Louise (2014): Afroleius floridus (Mahunka, 1985) comb. nov. and three new Afroleius Mahunka, 1984 species (Acari: Oribatida: Mycobatidae) from South Africa. Zootaxa 3889 (4): 553-573, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3889.4.4
03908780FFB17746FF1DC19AFE49F86B.text	03908780FFB17746FF1DC19AFE49F86B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Afroleius inae	<div><p>Afroleius inae sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 7, 8, 11)</p><p>Species diagnosis. Dorsal surface reticulate, inner surface of cavities with fine sculpture; ventral surface with round foveae; surfaces of prodorsum and pteromorph reticulate with some cerotegument; octotaxic system consisting of saccules; bothridial seta clavate, head barbed, stalk thick, directed antero-dorsally; rostral seta of medium length, barbed; lamellar seta subequal in length to ro, with coarse surface; postanal porose area present; large dorsal dens on tarsi I and II; genu I distally with dorsal and ventral cusps antiaxially; genu II distally with lateral cusp.</p><p>Dimensions. Holotype: (female) length 251, width 170. Paratypes: males (n = 5): length 236 (232–243) width 163 (160–169); females (n = 5): length 257 (250–270), width 179 (170–185).</p><p>Prodorsum (Figs 7 A, C, 8A–C). Rostral margin anteriorly with two small notches, small transparent U-shaped area between notches (similar to A. floridus comb. nov. Fig.1 B); genal notch absent, genal tooth fused to lateral margin of rostrum, represented by small carina; prodorsal surface reticulate with some cerotegument present; lamella wide, extending over lateral margin of prodorsum, long, reaching well over ¾ of prodorsal length (Figs 8 A, C); rostral seta of medium length, (~20), coarsely barbed, inserted at anterior apex of tutorium; lamellar seta of medium length (~21), coarse, inserted on lamellar apex; interlamellar seta minute (~4); bothridial opening directed ventro-laterally, with overlapping slit in ventral wall of bothridium; bothridial seta clavate, head barbed, stalk of medium length, thick, directed antero-dorsally; length of bothridial seta from point of emerging from bothridium to tip of seta ~54 (51–57).</p><p>Notogaster (Figs 7 A, C, 8A). Surface of notogaster with reticulation, inner surface of cavities with fine sculpture; octotaxic system consisting of saccules, notogastral setae minute (~5); orifice of opisthosomal gland very small, situated postero-laterally to lp; surface of pteromorph similar to that of notogaster, peripheral area with fine granules.</p><p>Podosoma and gnathosoma (Figs 7 B, C). Surface of mentum anteriorly with faint foveae, posteriorly with shallow, faint grooves; subcapitular seta a of medium length, smooth, m of medium length, finely barbed, h short, smooth; genal notch absent; genal tooth represented by short carina; epimeral setae very short; epimeral setation (epimeres I–IV) 2-1-2-2; epimeral surface laterally with large foveae, medially foveae becoming smaller and fainter.</p><p>Ventral plate (Fig. 7 B). Surface of genital plate smooth; surface of anal plate foveate; ventral plate with large foveae; postanal porose area present, covered by posterior notogastral tectum.</p><p>Legs (Fig. 8 D). Setation of all legs similar to A. floridus comb. nov.; dorsal integument of tarsi I, II, IV and tibiae I, II, IV thick; femora I–IV, trochanters III–IV antiaxially with fine striae; surfaces of tarsi and tibiae I and II finely granulate; tarsi I and II with large, pointed, distally directed dens; tarsus II short, broad; genua I and II distally with ventral and dorsal cusps antiaxially; femur IV ventrally with wide tectum.</p><p>Material examined (Fig. 11). Holotype: Database no. 1930.7.1, Ballito 29°31’S, 31°13’E, litter underneath dense indigenous shrubs, 2.ix.1982, leg. C.M. Engelbrecht. Paratypes: from the same sample; 4 males and 4 females deposited in the Acarology Collection of the National Museum (Database no 1930.7.2); 1 male and 1 female deposited in the KwaZulu-Natal Museum (Database no: NMSA-Aca 20009, Type 4031).</p><p>Additional material: Litter from forests or wooded patches from various biomes of the eastern and north eastern parts of South Africa (habitat types according to Mucina &amp; Rutherford 2006). Indian Ocean Coastal Belt: Ballito 29°31'S 31°13'E 9.ii.1982 CME; Kwambonambi 28°41'S 32°12'E 11.xi.1993 JPE; Leisure Bay 31°00'S 31°14'E 10.ii.1982 CME; Stanger 29°20'S 31°17'E 8.ii.1982 CME. Coastal forest: Cape Vidal 28°07'S 32°33'E 9.xi.1993 JPE; Richard's Bay 28°51'S 32°02'E 11.xi.1993 JPE; St Lucia 28°16'S 32°29'E 8.xi.1993 JPE. Grassland: Frankfort 27°17'S 28°22'E 18.i.1982 CME; Golden Gate Highlands National Park 28°31'S, 28°36'E 16.x.1985 SvdML; Heilbron 27°19'S 27°58'E 18.i.1982 CME; Lydenburg 25°08'S 30°32'E 5.ii.2013 DdS; Pomeroy 28°47'S 30°24'E 27.i.1982 CME; Savanna: Greytown 28°47'S 30°31'E 27.i.1982 CME; Inchanga 29°42'S 30°40'E 30.iii.1982 JP; Makhado 23°02'S 30°03'E 3.viii.1982 CME; Mtubatuba 28°24'S 32°12'E 11.xi.1993 JPE; Thohoyando 23°00'S 31°38'E 3.viii.1982 CME; Vernon Crookes Nature Reserve 30°16'S 3°035'E 15.i.1992 LNL.</p><p>Remarks. Afroleius inae sp. nov. is recognized by the long lamellae, rostral and lamellar setae of similar length and unique dorsal sculpturing, being reticulate with fine sculpture within the cavities. The stalk of the bothridial seta is slightly thicker than in the species described above. The absence of the genal incision and the genal tooth being fused to the rostral margin is rare in Ceratozetoidea. This character state is expressed in Nuhivabates Niemi &amp; Behan-Pelletier, 2003 (Mycobatidae) as well as in some Melanozetes species ( Ceratozetidae) (Behan-Pelletier 1986; Niemi &amp; Behan-Pelletier 2003). Afroleius inae sp. nov. is distributed widely in South Africa, occurring along the east coast region, grasslands of the interior and savanna of the northern regions.</p><p>Etymology. This species is named for my sister, Ina Engelbrecht, in recognition of her encouragement and provision of material.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03908780FFB17746FF1DC19AFE49F86B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Coetzee, Louise	Coetzee, Louise (2014): Afroleius floridus (Mahunka, 1985) comb. nov. and three new Afroleius Mahunka, 1984 species (Acari: Oribatida: Mycobatidae) from South Africa. Zootaxa 3889 (4): 553-573, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3889.4.4
03908780FFB57758FF1DC7F9FCF8FB74.text	03908780FFB57758FF1DC7F9FCF8FB74.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Afroleius valerieae	<div><p>Afroleius valerieae sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 9, 10, 11)</p><p>Species diagnosis. Notogastral and epimeral surfaces with small round foveae; surfaces of prodorsum and pteromorph reticulate; octotaxic system consisting of porose areas; opening of bothridium directed ventrally; bothridial seta clavate, head smooth, stalk short, directed dorsally; rostral seta long, thickly barbed; lamellar seta long, minutely barbed, robust, directed medially; notogaster with large depressions antero-medially to im; postanal porose area present; dorsal dens on tarsus I conical, dens on tarsus II spur-like; genu I distally with dorsal and ventral cusps antiaxially; genu II distally with lateral cusp.</p><p>Dimensions. Holotype: (female) length 333, width 218. Paratypes: males (n=18): length 304 (283–321), width 186 (158–203); females (n=16): length 326 (314–337); width 208 (192–216).</p><p>Prodorsum (Figs 9 A, C, 10A, B, D–E). Rostral margin rounded, transparent anterior tegument forming two to three ridges; prodorsal surface reticulate; lamella wide, extending over lateral margin of prodorsum; steep decline of prodorsum anterior to lamellar apices with band of small granules; thick layer of cerotegument sometimes present on prodorsum, forming elongate hexagonal cells, easily detachable (Fig. 10 B); rostral seta long (~35), thickly barbed, inserted at anterior apex of tutorium; lamellar seta long (~36), minutely barbed, robust, curved medially, apices touching; interlamellar seta minute (~6); bothridial opening directed ventrally; bothridial seta clavate, head mostly smooth, minutely barbed in some specimens, directed dorsally; length of bothridial seta from point of emerging from bothridium to tip of seta ~53 (51–56).</p><p>Notogaster (Figs 9 A, C, 10A, C). Surface of notogaster with small, round foveae, inner surface of foveae minutely granulate; octotaxic system consisting of small, round porose areas (Fig. 10 C); notogastral setae minute (~6); orifice of opisthosomal gland very small, situated medially to A1; large depressions antero-medially to im present; surface of pteromorph reticulate.</p><p>Podosoma and gnathosoma (Figs 9 B, C, 10D). Surface of mentum and epimeral region with small round foveae; subcapitular seta a short (~7), smooth, m slightly longer (~12), finely barbed, h short (~5), smooth; genal notch present, genal tooth short, broad; epimeral setae very short; epimeral setation (epimeres I–IV) 2-1-2-2.</p><p>Ventral plate (Fig. 9 B). Surface of genital plate slightly uneven; surface of anal plate foveate; ventral plate with large foveae; postanal porose area small, round, situated more or less at level of border of posterior notogastral tectum.</p><p>Legs (Fig. 10 F). Setation similar to A. floridus comb. nov.; dorsal integument of tarsi I, II and IV and tibiae I, II and IV thick; large, conical dorsal dens on tarsus I; pointed dens on tarsus II; genu I distally with large ventral and slightly smaller dorsal cusp antiaxially; genu II with large lateral cusp antiaxially; tarsus IV antiaxially with well developed diagonal tectum running from insertion of ft towards proximo-lateral base of segment; femur IV ventrally with wide tectum; femora I–IV, trochanters III–IV antiaxially with fine striae.</p><p>Material examined. Holotype: Database no. 2127.8.1, Makhado 23°02’S, 30°06’E, litter underneath dense shrubs, 3.viii.1982 leg. C.M. Engelbrecht. Paratypes: from the same sample; 16 males and 14 females deposited in the Acarology Collection of the National Museum (Database no 2127.8.2); 2 males and 2 females deposited in the KwaZulu-Natal Museum (Database no: NMSA-Aca 20010, Type 4032).</p><p>Additional material: Litter from various biomes of the eastern, northern and central parts of South Africa (habitat types according to Mucina &amp; Rutherford 2006). Grassland: Bergville 28°47'S, 29°29'E 26.i.1982 CME; Frankfort 27°17'S, 28°21'E 18.i.1982 CME; Heilbron 27°15'S, 27°56'E 19.i.1982 CME; Lindley 27°52'S, 27°55'E 6.iv.1964 DJK; Middelburg 25°45'S, 29°28'E 30.viii.1982 CME; Parys 26°53'S, 27°26'E 20.x.1981 JJBD; Reitz 27°43'S, 28°13'E 18.i.1982 CME; Sasolburg 26°53'S, 27°46'E 19.i.1982 CME; Settlers 24°51'S, 28°32'E 30.viii.1982 CME; Vrede 27°55'S, 29°09'E 6.iv.1964 DJK; Winterton 28°50'S, 29°35'E 26.i.1982 CME. Indian Ocean Coastal Belt: Kingsburgh 30°03'S, 30°52'E 1963 AJE; Mtunzini 28°57'S, 31°45'E 19.iv.1965 GN; Scottburgh 30°16'S, 30°30'E 9.ii.1982 CME; Stanger 29°21'S, 31°16'E 8.ii.1982 CME; Savanna: Aventura, Blydepoort 24°35'S, 30°46'E 26.viii.1982 LC; Gilead 23°41'S, 28°52'E 8.iii.1983 CME; Greytown 28°51'S, 30°28'E 27.i.1982 CME; Izingolweni 30°46'S, 30°10'E 10.ii.1982 CME; Komatiepoort 25°26'S, 31°56'E 2.ix.1982 CME; Levubu 23°03'S, 30°18'E 3.viii.1982 CME; Mabula Game Lodge 24°44'S, 27°55'E 9.iii.1983 CME; Makhado 23°02'S, 30°06'E 3.viii.1982 CME; Makhado District 23°02'S, 29°54'E 5.viii.1982 CME; Mbombela 25°28'S, 30°58'E 28.ii.1987 RE; Mokopane 24°10'S, 29°00'E 8.iii.1983 CME; Pietermaritzburg 29°55'S, 30°38'E 9.ii.1982 CME; Punda Maria 22°47'S, 30°54'E 3.viii.1982 CME; Rustenburg 25°42'S, 27°15'E 21.iv.1962 AJE; Soutpansberg area 23°03'S, 30°03'E 4.viii.1982 CME; Thabazimbi 24°37'S, 27°23'E 9.iii.1983 CME; Thohoyandou 22°58'S, 30°29'E 3.viii.1982 CME; Vaalwater 24°17'S, 28°06'E 8.iii.1983 CME.</p><p>Remarks. The octotaxic system consisting of porose areas and the ventrally directed bothridium of A. valerieae sp. nov. are the most easily recognised characters to distinguish it from other Afroleius species. Some specimens display heavily sclerotized borders to all epimeres. Thick cerotegument is also present on the prodorsum and notogaster of some specimens of Afroleius crassus Coetzee, 2013 . This species is widely distributed in grassland and savanna regions of South Africa, and is mostly absent from forests.</p><p>Etymology. This species is named for Dr. Valerie Behan-Pelletier in recognition of her outstanding contribution to Oribatology, particularly the Ceratozetoidea.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03908780FFB57758FF1DC7F9FCF8FB74	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Coetzee, Louise	Coetzee, Louise (2014): Afroleius floridus (Mahunka, 1985) comb. nov. and three new Afroleius Mahunka, 1984 species (Acari: Oribatida: Mycobatidae) from South Africa. Zootaxa 3889 (4): 553-573, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3889.4.4
