identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
039387BAFFE4FFFCFF2BF8C669CAFC72.text	039387BAFFE4FFFCFF2BF8C669CAFC72.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Britorchestia	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Britorchestia gen. nov.</p>
            <p>(Figs 1, 2)</p>
            <p> Type species.  Talorchestia brito Stebbing, 1891 . </p>
            <p> Included species. Sandhoppers.  Britorchestia includes 2 species:  B. brito (Stebbing, 1891) ;  B. ugolinii (Bellan-Santini &amp; Ruffo, 1991) . </p>
            <p> Etymology. Named for the type species ‘  T. brito ’ in combination with the  Orchestia stem. </p>
            <p>Diagnostic description (based on male). Eyes large (greater than 1/3 head length). Antenna 1 short, not longer than article 4 of antenna 2 peduncle. Antenna 2 peduncular articles well developed, slender; peduncular article 3 without ventral process. Labrum without robust setae. Mandible left lacinia mobilis 5-dentate. Maxilliped palp article 2 distomedial lobe well developed; article 4 fused to article 3. Gnathopod 1 parachelate; posterior margin of carpus and propodus each with lobe covered in palmate setae. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; merus and carpus free; dactylus not modified distally. Pereopods 3–7 cuspidactylate. Pereopods 5–7 without setae along posterior margin of the dactylus. Pereopods 6–7 not sexually dimorphic, without row of short setae along posterior margin of dactyli. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal spines. Pleopods all well developed. Epimera without vertical slits. Uropod 1 rami without apical separ-shaped setae; outer ramus slender; with marginal robust setae. Uropod 3 well developed; ramus subequal or slightly shorter in length to peduncle. Telson entire, with 3–6 robust setae per lobe.</p>
            <p> Remarks.  Britorchestia brito (Stebbing, 1891) was originally described from North Devon, England in the genus  Talorchestia and subsequently transferred to  Pseudorchestoidea by Bousfield (1982). It is a widespread species known from Poland in the Baltic Sea to the Mediterranean and along the Atlantic coast in Morocco.  Britorchestia ugolinii (Bellan-Santini &amp; Ruffo, 1991) was originally described from Corsica in the Mediterranean Sea in the genus  Talorchestia and is currently confined to records in the Mediterranean Sea. The main generic-level character differences that excludes these taxa from either  Pseudorchestoidea or  Talorchestia are: the presence of marginal robust setae on the outer ramus of uropod 1 in  Britorchestia (absent in  Pseudorchestoidea and  Talorchestia ) and the sparse number of telsonic setae (3–6) in  Britorchestia (at least 10 in  Talorchestia ). </p>
            <p> Britorchestia appears to be more similar to  Africorchestia Lowry &amp; Coleman, 2011 ,  Americorchestia Bousfield, 1991 and  Sinorchestia Miyamoto &amp; Morino, 1999 . It differs from  Africorchestia in the non-sexually dimorphic pereopod 6, in the absence of setae on the posterior margin of the dactyli of pereopod 6–7 and in the smooth dorsum of the pleonites.  Britorchestia appears to be the immediate sister taxon of  Americorchestia and differs from that taxon mainly in the less well developed eyes and in the length of the uropod 3 ramus.  Britorchestia also appears to be similar to  Sinorchestia . The main generic-level difference is the ventral plate on peduncular article 3 of antenna 2. </p>
            <p>Distribution. Eastern Atlantic: Norway, England, Ireland, Denmark, Holland, France, Morocco. Mediterranean Sea: Corsica, France, Tunisia.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039387BAFFE4FFFCFF2BF8C669CAFC72	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bopiah, Arundathi	Bopiah, Arundathi (2012): Britorchestia, a new talitrid genus from western Europe and the Mediterranean Sea and a revision of Pseudorchestoidea and Sardorchestia (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Talitridae). Zootaxa 3451: 60-67, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.215408
039387BAFFE1FFFDFF2BFC6468FEFF21.text	039387BAFFE1FFFDFF2BFC6468FEFF21.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudorchestoidea Bousfield 1982	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Pseudorchestoidea Bousfield, 1982</p>
            <p> Orchestoidea .— Bulycheva, 1957: 130 (in part).— J.L. Barnard, 1969: 471 (in part).  Pseudorchestoidea Bousfield, 1982: 47 . </p>
            <p> Type species.  Orchestia biolleyi Stebbing, 1908 , original designation. </p>
            <p> Included species.  Pseudorchestoidea includes 3 species:  P. biolleyi (Stebbing, 1908) ;  P. meridionalis (Schuster, 1954) ;  P. mexicana Bousfield, 1982 . </p>
            <p>Diagnostic description (based on male). Eyes large (greater than 1/3 head length). Antenna 1 short, not longer than article 4 of antenna 2 peduncle. Antenna 2 peduncular articles slender; peduncular article 3 without ventral process. Labrum without robust setae. Mandible left lacinia mobilis 4 or 5-dentate. Maxilliped palp article 2 distomedial lobe well developed; article 4 fused to article 3. Gnathopod 1 parachelate; posterior margin of carpus and propodus each with lobe covered in palmate setae. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; merus/carpus free; dactylus not modified distally. Pereopods 3–7 cuspidactylate. Pereopods 5–7 without setae along posterior margin of the dactylus. Pereopods 6–7 not sexually dimorphic, without row of short setae along posterior margin of dactyli. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal spines. Pleopods all well developed. Epimera without vertical slits. Uropod 1 rami with apical spear-shaped setae; outer ramus slender, without marginal robust setae. Uropod 3 well developed; ramus longer or subequal in length to peduncle. Telson entire, with 3–9 robust setae per lobe.</p>
            <p> Remarks.  Pseudorchestoidea brito and  P. gracilis are moved to  Britorchestia and  Sardorchestia respectively. Both species have marginal robust setae on the outer ramus of uropod 1. </p>
            <p> Pseudorchestoidea (sensu stricto) is very similar to  Platorchestia (group 3) of Miyamoto &amp; Morino (2004). The only significant generic-level differences between these taxa are: the apparently fused articles 3 and 4 of the maxillipedal palp (reduced, button-shaped in  Platorchestia (group 3)) and the length of the uropod 3 ramus – subequal or longer than the peduncle in  Pseudorchestoidea and shorter in  Platorchestia (group 3). </p>
            <p> In our diagnosis  Pseudorchestoidea only differs from  Talorchestia in the length of the ramus to the peduncle of uropod 3 and that is gradational. Morino &amp; Miyamoto (1988) separate  Pseudorchestoidea from  Talorchestia based on the large eyes, the short, expanded dactylus of pereopod 5; and the modified apical spade-like robust setae of uropods 1 and 2. They also suggest modified pleopods, but this is a very subtle difference and the elongate ramus of uropod 3, but this is not true for the type species  P. biolleyi . </p>
            <p> As currently defined  Pseudorchestoidea is a small genus confined to the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean whose immediate sister taxon appears to be  Talorchestia , another small genus confined the the western Pacific Ocean. Distribution. Central America: Costa Rico; El Salvador; Mexico. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039387BAFFE1FFFDFF2BFC6468FEFF21	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bopiah, Arundathi	Bopiah, Arundathi (2012): Britorchestia, a new talitrid genus from western Europe and the Mediterranean Sea and a revision of Pseudorchestoidea and Sardorchestia (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Talitridae). Zootaxa 3451: 60-67, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.215408
039387BAFFE3FFFEFF2BFF0468C3FB37.text	039387BAFFE3FFFEFF2BFF0468C3FB37.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sardorchestia Ruffo 2004	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Sardorchestia Ruffo, 2004</p>
            <p>(Fig. 3)</p>
            <p> Sardorchestia Ruffo, 2004: 506 . </p>
            <p> Type species.  Talorchestia pelecaniformis Bellan-Santini &amp; Ruffo, 1986 , original designation. </p>
            <p> Included species.  Sardorchestia includes 2 species:  S. gracilis (Bousfield &amp; Klawe, 1983) ;  S. pelecaniformis (Bellan-Santini &amp; Ruffo, 1986) . </p>
            <p>Diagnostic description (based on male). Eyes large (greater than 1/3 head length). Antenna 1 short, not longer than article 4 of antenna 2 peduncle. Antenna 2 peduncular articles slender; peduncular article 3 without ventral process. Labrum without robust setae. Mandible left lacinia mobilis 4-dentate. Maxilliped palp article 2 distomedial lobe well developed; article 4 fused to article 3. Gnathopod 1 parachelate; posterior margin of carpus and propodus each with lobe covered in palmate setae. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; merus/carpus free; dactylus not modified distally. Pereopods 3–7 cuspidactylate. Pereopods 5–7 without setae along posterior margin of the dactylus. Pereopods 6–7 not sexually dimorphic. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal spines. Pleopods all well developed. Epimera without vertical slits. Uropod 1 rami without apical separ-shaped setae; outer ramus slender; with marginal robust setae. Uropod 3 well developed; ramus subequal in length to peduncle. Telson apically incised, with 7 to at least 10 robust setae per lobe.</p>
            <p> Remarks.  Orchestoidea gracilis Bousfield &amp; Klawe, 1963 was included in  Pseudorchestoidea Bousfield, 1982 , but it differs from other species in the genus by: gnathopod 1 is parachelate (simple or subchelate in  Pseudorchestoidea ); and the presence of marginal robust setae on the outer ramus of uropod 1 (absent in  Pseudorchestoidea ). </p>
            <p> There appears to be no generic-level characters separating  Pseudorchestoidea gracilis (Bousfield &amp; Klawe, 1963) and  Sardorchestia pelecaniformis (Bellan-Santini &amp; Ruffo, 1986) .  Sardorchestia pelecaniformis is considered to have a slightly incrassate second antenna, but when compared with  Pseudorchestoidea gracilis there is no discernible difference. We are therefore including  P. gracilis in the genus  Sardorchestia . An important corroboration of this change would be a molecular comparison of the two species. There is already CO1 information for  S. pelecaniformis . </p>
            <p>These relationships most likely reflect a situation at the time of the opening of the Atlantic Ocean when the ancestors of all these genera inhabited the beaches of Laurasia.</p>
            <p>Distribution. Mexico: Baja California. Mediterranean: Sardinia.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039387BAFFE3FFFEFF2BFF0468C3FB37	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bopiah, Arundathi	Bopiah, Arundathi (2012): Britorchestia, a new talitrid genus from western Europe and the Mediterranean Sea and a revision of Pseudorchestoidea and Sardorchestia (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Talitridae). Zootaxa 3451: 60-67, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.215408
