taxonID	type	description	language	source
03947745E343FFD466827ABDFB78703E.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — PHILIPPINES. Luzon, Nueva Ecija, Gabaldon, Barangay Malinao, Maplud River, on soil slope that is shaded and moist, elevation ca. 525 m, 15 ° 29 ’ 43 ” N, 121 ° 20 ’ 54 ” E, 25 October 2011, Peng 23356, with Chien-I Huang, Rosario R. Rubite, John Rey C. Callado (holotype PNH, isotype HAST). Monoecious rhizomatous herb. Rhizome long creeping, to 15 cm or longer, 4.5 − 6 mm thick, densely appressed hirsute, hairs magenta to pink, turning white to pale brown with age; internodes 0.3 − 1 cm long. Stipules persistent, magenta, triangular, 6 – 10 mm long, 5 – 8 mm wide, herbaceous, strongly keeled, few fleshy red hairs fused into at the base of the keel, keel with a acute-angled triangular on topped, hirsute; densely hirsute adaxially, margin entire, apex aristate, arista ca. 3 mm long. Leaves alternate, petiole terete, reddish, 8 − 17 cm long, 2.5 − 4.5 mm thick, densely hirsute, hairs magenta to pink, turning white to pale brown with age, sometimes with few fleshy red hairs at base of petiole; leaf blade asymmetric, oblique, widely ovate, 7.3 − 11 cm long, 5.4 – 10 cm wide, broad side 3.8 – 7 cm wide, basal lobes cordate, 2 – 3.5 cm long, midrib 4.1 – 7.2 cm long, apex acuminate, margin denticulate and lined with puberulous or hirsute, hairs white to magenta; leaf thick chartaceous, adaxially green to blackish brown green or maroon, with sparsely small silvery grey to pale pink dots between veins; adaxially sparsely puberulous; abaxially pale green, hirsute on all veins; venation basally ca. 9 – palmate, midrib distinct, ca. 2 secondary veins on each side, other primary veins branching dichotomously or nearly so, tertiary veins reticulate. Inflorescence axillary, bisexual, cymosely branching panicle 15 – 26 cm long, peduncle 11 – 17 cm long, dichasial cymes arising directly from rhizome, branched 4 – 8 times, erect or ascending, pale green to reddish, appressed hirsute; protandrous. Bracts pinkish, hyaline, deciduous, those at basal node of inflorescence ovate to widely ovate, boat-shaped, ca. 10 mm long, 7 mm wide, apex obtuse to rounded or retuse, margin entire or with hirsute at lower half; bracts at summit of inflorescence similar but smaller. Staminate flower: pedicel 0.5 – 0.7 cm long, glabrous; tepals 4, white, sometimes with pinkish toward to basal, glabrous; outer 2 widely ovate to suborbicular, 0.8 – 1.1 cm long, 0.7 – 1 cm wide; inner 2 obovate or oblanceolate, 0.7 – 1.2 cm long, 0.4 – 0.7 cm wide, apex rounded to retuse; androecium actinomorphic, ca. 0.3 cm across; stamens yellow, 29 – 34; filaments short fused at base; anthers obovate, ca. 0.7 mm long, 2 - locular, apex rounded to truncate, subequal at filaments. Pistillate flower: pedicel 0.4 – 0.6 cm long, glabrous; tepals 4, white or pinkish toward to basal, outer 2 elliptic to ovate or obovate, glabrous, 0.5 – 1.3 cm long, 0.5 – 1.1 cm wide, inner 2 oblanceolate to widely obovate, 0.4 – 0.7 cm long, 0.3 – 0.8 cm wide, apex rounted to truncate; ovary creamy to pinkish, body trigonous-ellipsoid, 3 – 5 mm long, 1.7 – 2.5 mm thick (wings excluded), glabrous; 3 - winged, subequal, wings 4 – 6.5 mm long, crescent-shaped, cordate at proximal, truncate or slightly cordate to cuneate at distal, (1 –) 2.5 – 5.5 mm wide, margin entire; ovary 3 - locular, placenta bilamellate, ovules reddish; styles 3, shortly fused at base, yellow, 2.5 – 3 mm long, stigma spirally twisted. Capsule pendent, pedicel 0.5 – 0.7 cm long, tepals deciduous; body trigonous-ellipsoid, 6 – 7 mm long, 2.5 – 4 mm thick (wings excluded), greenish or reddish when fresh; wings subequal, ca. 7 – 9 mm long, 2 – 6 mm wide.	en	Rubite, Rosario R., Peng, Ching-I, Chung, Kuo-Fang, Lin, Che-Wei, Evangelista, Luisito T., Tandang, Danilo N., Callado, John Rey C., Hughes, Mark (2018): Three new species of Begonia (section Baryandra, Begoniaceae) from Luzon Island, the Philippines. Phytotaxa 347 (3): 201-212, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.347.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.347.3.1
03947745E343FFD466827ABDFB78703E.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — Named for the type locality, Gabaldon, where the new species was collected.	en	Rubite, Rosario R., Peng, Ching-I, Chung, Kuo-Fang, Lin, Che-Wei, Evangelista, Luisito T., Tandang, Danilo N., Callado, John Rey C., Hughes, Mark (2018): Three new species of Begonia (section Baryandra, Begoniaceae) from Luzon Island, the Philippines. Phytotaxa 347 (3): 201-212, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.347.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.347.3.1
03947745E343FFD466827ABDFB78703E.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat: — Begonia gabaldonensis is endemic to Gabaldon area of Nueva Ecija Province in eastern Luzon. The type locality consists of riparian forest on steep slopes and mossy sandstone boulders in deeply shaded, wet areas near streams. Notes: — Begonia gabaldonensis is similar to B. luzonensis in having hairy rhizomes, hirsute petioles and widely ovate laminae, 4 - tepalled staminate and pistillate flowers, and a truncate, distal wing. However, the new species differs in having shorter internodes (0.3 − 1 cm vs. 2 − 5 cm) in its rhizomes; a glabrous (vs. sparsely puberulous) upper lamina surface with light green to silvery grey stripes (vs. sparsely small-dotted) between the veins; an inflorescence with appressed hirsute hairs (vs. glabrous); and the reddish (vs. white) ovules. This species, according to the phylogenetic placement in Hughes et al. (2015), is part of a very recently diverged (Pleistocene) clade species including Begonia biliranensis Merrill (1915: 46), B. luzonensis and Begonia nigritarum Steudel (1821: 194).	en	Rubite, Rosario R., Peng, Ching-I, Chung, Kuo-Fang, Lin, Che-Wei, Evangelista, Luisito T., Tandang, Danilo N., Callado, John Rey C., Hughes, Mark (2018): Three new species of Begonia (section Baryandra, Begoniaceae) from Luzon Island, the Philippines. Phytotaxa 347 (3): 201-212, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.347.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.347.3.1
03947745E346FFDB66827BF9FDE577F2.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — PHILIPPINES. Luzon: Camarines Sur, Sangay, on steep rocky slope in roadside disturbed broadleaf forest, elevation ca. 60 m, 13 º 29 ’ 29 ” N, 123 º 37 ’ 35 ” E, 22 May 2006, R. Rubite 290 with Luisito T. Evangelista, Chien-I Huang and Tsui-Ya Liu (holotype PNH, isotype HAST). Monoecious rhizomatous herb. Rhizome creeping, multibranched, pale green, to 20 cm or longer, 0.8 − 1.5 mm thick, glabrous, internodes congested or sometimes to 1 cm long. Stipules persistent, pale green, widely ovate-triangular, 15 – 25 mm long, 15 – 20 mm wide, herbaceous, strongly keeled, few fleshy pale green hairs fused into at the base of the keel, glabrous, margin entire, apex aristate, arista ca. 3 mm long. Leaves alternate, petiole terete, pale green, 9 − 31.5 cm long, 3 − 8 mm thick, very sparsely erect velutinous, hairs pale green, sometimes with few fleshy pale green hairs at base of petiole (connected with keel of stipule); leaf blade asymmetric, oblique, very widely ovate, 11.5 − 21.5 cm long, 9.5 – 18 cm wide, broad side 6.3 – 11.5 cm wide, basal lobes cordate, 4.4 – 7 cm long, midrib 6.8 – 14 cm long, apex acuminate, margin denticulate and distantly dentate, much protruded angle at end of primary veins and lateral veins, lined with puberulous, hairs white; leaf thickly chartaceous, adaxially bright green, glabrous; abaxially pale green, sparsely erect velutinous on all veins; venation basally ca. 9 – palmate, midrib distinct, ca. 3 secondary veins on each side, other primary veins branching dichotomously or nearly so, tertiary veins reticulate. Inflorescence axillary, bisexual, cymosely branching panicle 26 – 40 cm long, peduncle 20 – 33 cm long, dichasial cymes arising directly from rhizome, branched 3 – 5 times, erect or ascending, pale green, glabrous; protandrous. Bracts white to pale creamy green or pinkish toward to basal, hyaline, deciduous, glabrous, those at basal node of inflorescence very widely ovate to rhombus, boat-shaped, ca. 10 mm long, 12 mm wide, apex mucronate apiculate, margin entire; bracts at summit of inflorescence ca. 4.5 mm long, 4 mm wide. Staminate flower: pedicel 0.9 – 2.3 cm long, glabrous; tepals 4, white to pink, glabrous; outer 2 widely obovate to suborbicular, 1 – 1.4 cm long, 1.1 – 1.5 cm wide; inner 2 narrowly obovate to oblanceolate, 0.9 – 1 cm long, 0.3 – 0.5 cm wide, apex rounded; androecium sub-actinomorphic, ca. 0.4 cm across; stamens yellow, 26 – 35; filaments free at base; anthers widely obovate, ca. 0.8 mm long, 2 - locular, apex rounded to truncate, subequal at filaments. Pistillate flower: pedicel 1.5 – 2 cm long, glabrous; tepals 5, white to pinkish, outer 2 widely obovate to suborbicular, 0.9 – 1.4 cm long, 0.8 – 1.3 cm wide, glabrous; inner 3 oblanceolate to obovate, 0.9 – 1.4 cm long, 0.3 – 1 cm wide, apex obtuse or rounded; ovary creamy green to pinkish, body trigonous-ellipsoid, 4 – 6 mm long, 3 – 4 mm thick (wings excluded), glabrous; 3 - winged, unequal, wings 6 – 9 mm long, lateral wings narrower, narrowly crescent-shaped, 0.7 – 2 mm wide, abaxial wing much protruded, crescent-shaped, slightly cordate at proximal, cuneate or slightly truncate at distal, 4 – 7 mm wide, margin entire; ovary 3 - locular, placenta bilamellate; styles 3, nearly free (sometimes with very shortly fused) at base, yellow, ca. 3 mm long, stigma spirally twisted. Capsule pendent, pedicel 1.5 – 2.3 cm long, tepals deciduous; body trigonous-ellipsoid, ca. 6 mm long, 4 – 5 mm thick (wings excluded), greenish or reddish when fresh; wings unequal, 8 – 10 mm long; lateral wings 1.5 – 2.5 mm wide, abaxial wing 5 – 7.5 mm wide.	en	Rubite, Rosario R., Peng, Ching-I, Chung, Kuo-Fang, Lin, Che-Wei, Evangelista, Luisito T., Tandang, Danilo N., Callado, John Rey C., Hughes, Mark (2018): Three new species of Begonia (section Baryandra, Begoniaceae) from Luzon Island, the Philippines. Phytotaxa 347 (3): 201-212, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.347.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.347.3.1
03947745E346FFDB66827BF9FDE577F2.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — The specific epithet is named in honor of Dr. Domingo A. Madulid, former Curator of the Philippine National Herbarium and a well-known Filipino botanist whose interests span from taxonomy of angiosperms, floristics, ethnobotany, conservation to historical botany.	en	Rubite, Rosario R., Peng, Ching-I, Chung, Kuo-Fang, Lin, Che-Wei, Evangelista, Luisito T., Tandang, Danilo N., Callado, John Rey C., Hughes, Mark (2018): Three new species of Begonia (section Baryandra, Begoniaceae) from Luzon Island, the Philippines. Phytotaxa 347 (3): 201-212, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.347.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.347.3.1
03947745E346FFDB66827BF9FDE577F2.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat: — Begonia madulidii is endemic to Camarines Sur Province in southeastern Luzon. It grows on low vertical cliffs face or steep exposed slopes of lowland forest. Notes: — Begonia madulidii is similar to Begonia fenicis Merrill (1908: 421) in being a robust lithophytic species with pure pale green leaves glabrous on the upper side, sparsely velutinous on lower surface and petiole, 4 - tepaled staminate flower and 5 - tepaled pistillate flower. But the new species differs from B. fenicis in being an entirely green plant (vs. at least reddish rhizomes, petioles and inflorescences); in having leaf margins with protruded irregular angles (vs. nearly circular in the contour), venation that is basally ca. 9 (vs. ca. 11) palmate, boat shaped bracts (vs. reflexed). B. fenicis is known from Batanes Islands in northernmost of Philippines, Taiwan and southern Ryukyus, whereas B. madulidii occurs only in a small area in southeastern Luzon about 783 km apart. This species was sampled in the biogeographic study of Hughes et al. (2015) as Begonia sp 4, where it appears as sister to Begonia acuminatissima Merrill (1912: 395) from Mindanao.	en	Rubite, Rosario R., Peng, Ching-I, Chung, Kuo-Fang, Lin, Che-Wei, Evangelista, Luisito T., Tandang, Danilo N., Callado, John Rey C., Hughes, Mark (2018): Three new species of Begonia (section Baryandra, Begoniaceae) from Luzon Island, the Philippines. Phytotaxa 347 (3): 201-212, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.347.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.347.3.1
