taxonID	type	description	language	source
038941033849FFE6FCD0F94E29C4020A.taxon	description	Fig. 2	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033849FFE6FCD0F94E29C4020A.taxon	description	Body depressed; disc length contained 0.8 to 1.2 times in disc width (DW); distance from mouth to cloaca 1.3 to 1.7, distance from cloaca to caudal sting 1.8 to 2.6, tail length 0.8 to 1.0, and caudal sting length 3.1 to 9.3 in DW; mouth width 7.6 to 14.3, tail width 7.2 to 16.4 in DW; tail length 1.4 in disc length (DL); horizontal orbital diameter 1.0 to 5.3 in least interorbital width. Mouth inferior; upper jaw with 18 - 39 teeth and lower jaw with 20 - 39 teeth. Pectoral fin with 92 - 103 rays; mid-dorsal spines 11 - 70 (Loboda, Carvalho, 2013). Dorsal disc coloration variable, from brown-olive to dark-grey, with bicolor ocelli distributed throughout entire disc (Loboda, Carvalho, 2013). Maximum disc length. 341.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033849FFE6FCD0F94E29C4020A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033849FFE6FCD0F94E29C4020A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Potamotrygon amandae was identified as P. cf. motoro by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Loboda, Carvalho (2013) revised the P. motoro species complex from the Paraguay-Paraná basin and assigned all specimens from the rio Paraná, upstream from the Itaipu dam, to P. amandae (which otherwise was found only in the Pantanal region). Additionally, the same authors recorded P. motoro from the rio Guaporé, upper rio Paraguai basin and lower reaches of the rio Paraná in Argentina. On the other hand, the only other Potamotrygon species found in the upper rio Paraná floodplain is P. cf. falkneri that, as P. amandae, is a nonnative species in the region. Both occurrences are associated with the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the consequent inundation of the Sete Quedas Falls (Langeani et al., 2007; Júlio Júnior et al., 2009; Loboda, Carvalho, 2013).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033848FFE6FCD2FF6A2E1D020A.taxon	description	Fig. 2 Body depressed; disc length contained 1.0 to 1.1 times in disc width (DW); distance from mouth to cloaca 1.4 to 1.6, distance from cloaca to caudal sting 1.7 to 2.1, tail length 1.0, and caudal sting length 4.2 to 6.0 in DW; mouth width 9.9 to 12.9, tail width 7.6 to 9.8 in DW; tail length 1.0 in disc length (DL); horizontal orbital diameter 2.3 to 3.9 in least interorbital width. Mouth inferior; upper jaw with 22 - 50 teeth and lower jaw with 26 to 44 teeth. Pectoral fin with 95 - 99 rays; mid-dorsal spines 18 - 56 (Rosa, 1985). Dorsal disc coloration brown, with numerous oval-shaped to reniform, yellow (occasionally black-margined) ocelli, usually wider than eye diameter (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum disc length. 780.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033848FFE6FCD2FF6A2E1D020A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033848FFE6FCD2FF6A2E1D020A.taxon	discussion	Remark. Potamotrygon cf. falkneri is a non-native species in the upper rio Paraná and its occurrence can be associated with the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the consequent inundation of the Sete Quedas Falls.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033857FFF9FC39FB4B2EEE01AA.taxon	description	Fig. 3	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033857FFF9FC39FB4B2EEE01AA.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 4.2 to 5.3 and caudal peduncle depth 13.2 to 15.6 times in SL; head length 3.1 to 3.6, predorsal distance 1.5 to 1.7 and caudal peduncle length 12.5 to 14.0 in SL; snout length 2.5 to 2.8, horizontal orbital diameter 2.8 to 5.0 and least interorbital width 4.0 to 5.4 in HL. Mouth terminal; outer row of premaxilla with 13 - 16 and inner row with 10 - 20, and maxilla with 16 - 39 teeth. Lateral line complete, with 86 - 102 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 22 - 25 and below with 13 - 15 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 11, pectoral fin with 14 - 18, pelvic fin with 8, anal fin with 23 - 27, and caudal fin with 19 rays (Menezes, 1992). Ground color silvery to yellowish; black rounded humeral blotch; black oval, horizontally elongated, blotch on caudal-fin base, extending to median caudal-fin rays. Yellowish fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 280.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033857FFF9FC39FB4B2EEE01AA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná and rio São Francisco basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033857FFF9FEA6F92F289A050A.taxon	description	Fig. 2	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033857FFF9FEA6F92F289A050A.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 2.2 to 2.8 and caudal peduncle depth 6.4 to 7.6 times in SL; head length 3.8 to 4.9, predorsal distance 1.9 to 2.2 and caudal peduncle length 7.0 to 12.1 in SL; snout length 2.3 to 2.8, horizontal orbital diameter 4.5 to 6.4 and least interorbital width 2.3 to 2.9 in HL. Mouth terminal, toothless. Lateral line complete, with 35 - 38 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 5 - 6 scale rows and below with 6 - 8 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 21, pectoral fin with 16 or 18, pelvic fin with 8, anal fin with 7 to 9 rays. Ground color silvery to pale yellow; darker dorsally. Yellowish fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 480.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033857FFF9FEA6F92F289A050A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Drainages of Eurasia.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033857FFF9FEA6F92F289A050A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Cyprinus carpio is an Eurasian species and its occurrence in the upper rio Paraná can be associated with fish-farming.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033857FFF9FF49FEAB2A03000C.taxon	description	Fig. 2	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033857FFF9FF49FEAB2A03000C.taxon	description	Body elongated, laterally compressed; greatest body depth contained 3.8 to 4.5 and caudal peduncle depth 9.0 to 11.5 times in SL; head length 3.5 to 3.8, predorsal distance 2.0 to 2.1 and caudal peduncle length 8.5 to 12.3 in SL; snout length 4.2 to 5.6, horizontal orbital diameter 2.5 to 2.9 and least interorbital width 5.1 to 7.3 in HL. Mouth superior; anterior supra-maxilla small or absent; posterior frontal fontanel retained in adults. Dorsal fin with 14 rays, pectoral fin with 11 or 12 rays, pelvic fin with 7 rays, anal fin with 18 - 20 rays, and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color whitish. Maximum standard length. 32.6 mm. Biological data. Feeds on filamentous algae, debris, eggs, larvae of chironomids and bivalves, and zooplankton (Aguiaro et al., 2003).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033857FFF9FF49FEAB2A03000C.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Lagoons, estuaries and lower parts of rivers in Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033857FFF9FF49FEAB2A03000C.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Platanichthys platana, described from the río de la Plata, was already reported in the upper rio Paraná basin by Langeani et al. (2007), but this is the first record in the upper rio Paraná floodplain, where it has been captured since 2013. Therefore, P. platana is considered a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná basin, and its occurrence can be associated with the functioning of the Canal da Piracema, a fish ladder that connects the river downstream from the Itaipu Dam to the lake upstream from the dam. The maximum size observed herein was 32.6 mm SL, much less than the 70.0 mm SL reported by Whitehead (1968).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033856FFF8FF7AFF6A2F9504AA.taxon	description	Fig. 3	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033856FFF8FF7AFF6A2F9504AA.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 3.6 to 4.8 and caudal peduncle depth 12.1 to 14.9 times in SL; head length 3.0 to 3.6, predorsal distance 1.5 to 1.8 and caudal peduncle length 9.8 to 13.1 in SL; snout length 2.8 to 3.3, horizontal orbital diameter 3.5 to 5.0 and least interorbital width 3.5 to 4.6 in HL. Mouth terminal; outer row of premaxilla with 13 - 16 and inner row with 10 - 20, and maxilla with 16 - 39 teeth. Lateral line complete, with 93 - 108 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 26 - 30 scale rows and below with 15 - 17 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 11, pectoral fin with 14 - 18, pelvic fin with 8, anal fin with 23 - 27, and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color silvery to yellowish; black rounded humeral blotch; black oval, horizontally elongated, blotch on caudal-fin base, extending to median caudal-fin rays. Yellowish fins; anal and pectoral fin with distal margins black (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 180.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033856FFF8FF7AFF6A2F9504AA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río de la Plata and rio Mamoré basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033856FFF8FF7AFF6A2F9504AA.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Acestrorhynchus pantaneiro is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná basin, and its recent occurrence can be associated with the functioning of the Canal da Piracema, a fish ladder that connects the region downstream from the Itaipu Dam to the region upstream from the dam (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033855FFFBFF5EFEEB2A6C02AB.taxon	description	Fig. 3	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033855FFFBFF5EFEEB2A6C02AB.taxon	description	Description. Body elongated; greatest depth contained 3.7 to 4.5, and caudal peduncle depth 10.3 to 10.7 times in SL; head length 3.8 to 4.2, predorsal distance 2.2 to 2.4, caudal peduncle length 5.2 to 5.5 in SL; snout length 2.2 to 2.6, horizontal orbital diameter 3.8 to 5.7 and least interorbital width 2.5 to 2.7. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with 4 teeth, no maxillary teeth. Lateral line with 41 - 43 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 5 ½ scale rows and below with 4 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 10 or 11, pectoral fin with 14 - 16, pelvic fin with 9 or 10, anal fin with 10 and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color silvery to yellowish; dark-brown spots on dorsal and lateral portion of head; several longitudinal series of dark-brown spots on flank scales; dark-brown longitudinal band along lateral line, extending to median caudal-fin rays. Yellowish fins; black blotch on dorsal fin and two black oblique stripes on each caudal-fin lobe (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 220.0 mm SL (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033855FFFBFF5EFEEB2A6C02AB.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Amazon, Paraná-Paraguay system and rio São Francisco basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033855FFFBFF18F88E2FD30549.taxon	description	Fig. 4	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033855FFFBFF18F88E2FD30549.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 3.8 to 4.3, and caudal peduncle depth 10.0 to 10.2 times in SL; head length 3.9 to 4.0, predorsal distance 2.0, caudal peduncle length 7.0 to 7.9 in SL; snout length 2.0 to 2.5, horizontal orbital diameter 2.9 to 3.8 and least interorbital width 6.7 to 8.4 in HL. Mouth subterminal; premaxilla and dentary with 3 teeth, no maxillary teeth. Lateral line with 37 - 40 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 5 scale rows and below with 4 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 12, pectoral fin with 18, pelvic fin with 9, anal fin with 10 and caudal fin with 19 rays (Garavello, Britski, 1987). Ground color pale yellow; dark-brown longitudinal band along lateral line, from posterior margin of opercle to caudal-fin base; 10 - 12 dark-brown transverse bars on dorsal surface, extending downward, not reaching longitudal band. Hyaline fins; distal margin of dorsal fin black (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 100.5 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033855FFFBFF18F88E2FD30549.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033855FFFBFC09FCA82F1B00AC.taxon	description	Fig. 4	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033855FFFBFC09FCA82F1B00AC.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 3.2 to 4.1, and caudal peduncle depth 9.3 to 10.5 times in SL; head length 4.0 to 4.3, predorsal distance 2.1 to 2.3, caudal peduncle length 8.6 to 10.5 in SL; snout length 2.4 to 2.6, horizontal orbital diameter 3.2 to 3.9 and least interorbital width 2.1 to 2.8. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with 4 teeth, no maxillary teeth. Lateral line with 37 - 41 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 4 - 5 ½ scale rows and below with 4 - 5 ½ scale rows. Dorsal fin with 11 or 12, pectoral fin with 15 - 17, pelvic fin with 9, anal fin with 10 and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color silvery to yellowish; superior region of orbit red; three dark-brown rounded or oval, horizontaly elongated, blotches on flank; region of contact between flank scales below lateral line with orange or red spots, forming longitudinal series. Fins yellowish (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 370.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033855FFFBFC09FCA82F1B00AC.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Drainages of Surinam, Amazon basin and Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033855FFFAFC02F90E297C04AA.taxon	description	Fig. 4	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033855FFFAFC02F90E297C04AA.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 2.8 to 3.4 and caudal peduncle depth 6.4 to 8.0 times in SL; head length 3.2 to 3.8, predorsal distance 1.9 to 2.1, caudal peduncle length 13.3 to 13.5 in SL; snout length 1.3 to 2.5, horizontal orbital diameter 3.4 to 4.5 and least interorbital width 1.7 to 2.0. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with 4 teeth, no maxillary teeth. Lateral line with 32 - 36 pored scales; transverse series above and below lateral line with 4 or 4 ½ scale rows. Dorsal fin with 12, pectoral fin with 14 - 16, pelvic fin with 8 or 9, anal fin with 10 and caudal fin with 19 rays (Campos, 1945; Garavello, 1979). Ground color greyish to pale yellow; three grey to black rounded blotches along lateral line, first and most conspicuous below dorsal fin. Yellowish fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 230.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033855FFFAFC02F90E297C04AA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033854FFFAFF79FD0828E607A9.taxon	description	Fig. 4	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033854FFFAFF79FD0828E607A9.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 3.6 to 3.8, and caudal peduncle depth 9.1 to 9.3 times in SL; head length 3.1 to 4.3, predorsal distance 1.9 to 2.1, caudal peduncle length 9.2 to 9.3 in SL; snout length 2.2 to 2.7, horizontal orbital diameter 4.0 to 4.2 and least interorbital width 2.2 to 2.6. Mouth terminal; premaxilla with 3 and dentary with 4 teeth, no maxillary teeth. Lateral line with 35 - 39 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 5 scale rows and below with 4 - 5 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 12, pectoral fin with 16 or 17, pelvic fin with 9, anal fin with 9 or 10 and caudal fin with 19 rays (Britski, Garavello, 1978; Garavello, 1979). Ground color pale yellow; eight black transverse bars on body (posterior to head). Reddish fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 210.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033854FFFAFF79FD0828E607A9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Rio Cubatão (State of Santa Catarina) and río Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033854FFFAFC73FE082F8802CB.taxon	description	Fig. 4	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033854FFFAFC73FE082F8802CB.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 3.9 to 4.0, and caudal peduncle depth 9.6 to 10.6 times in SL; head length 3.7 tp 4.5, predorsal distance 2.1 to 2.2, caudal peduncle length 9.4 to 10.4 in SL; snout length 2.2 to 2.8, horizontal orbital diameter 3.1 to 3.5 and least interorbital width 2.5 to 2.7 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla with 3, dentary with 4 teeth, no maxillary teeth. Lateral line with 34 - 36 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 4 or 4 ½ scale rows and below with 4 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 12, pectoral fin with 16 or 17, pelvic fin with 9 or 10 rays, anal fin with 10 and caudal fin with 19 rays (Garavello, 1979). Ground color pale yellow; four dark-brown longitudinal bands on body, the superior one sometimes fused. Yellowish fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 83.2 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033854FFFAFC73FE082F8802CB.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033853FFFDFEBAFF6A2A4E036A.taxon	description	Fig. 4	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033853FFFDFEBAFF6A2A4E036A.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 3.2 to 3.3, and caudal peduncle depth 9.4 to 9.5 times in SL; head length 4.0, predorsal distance 2.0, caudal peduncle length 10.2 to 11.0 in SL; snout length 2.1 to 2.2, horizontal orbital diameter 4.9 to 5.1 and least interorbital width 2.3 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla with three and dentary with four teeth, no maxillary teeth. Lateral line with 39 - 41 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 7 scale rows and below with 5 or 5 ½ scale rows. Dorsal fin with 12, pectoral fin with 16 or 17, pelvic fin with 10, anal fin with 10 or 11 and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color yellowish; upper lip dark-brown; nine dark-brown transverse bars on body, one between orbits, one on nape, five on flank (usually Y-shaped), and two on caudal peduncle. Yellowish fins. Maximum standard length. 410.0 mm. Biological data. Lives in littoral and bathypelagic zones (Freitas et al., 2009); it is a short-distance migratory species, with external fertilization, and does not display parental care (Neuberger et al., 2009).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033853FFFDFEBAFF6A2A4E036A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Rio Tocantins and upper rio Paraná basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033853FFFDFEBAFF6A2A4E036A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Leporinus tigrinus has been captured in the upper rio Paraná floodplain since 2015 by Nupélia staff. Records of L. tigrinus were already reported to the upper rio Paraná basin by Langeani et al. (2007), Pavanelli et al. (2007) and Santos et al. (2013). Because museum specimens have not been captured in the basin before that, L. tigrinus is a possible non-native species in the region, probably introduced from the rio Tocantins basin (Santos et al., 2013).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033853FFFDFC82FF6A2EC80309.taxon	description	Fig. 5	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033853FFFDFC82FF6A2EC80309.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 3.0 to 3.5, caudal peduncle depth 8.1 to 8.9 times in SL; head length 2.5 to 3.0, predorsal distance 2.0, caudal peduncle length 4.9 to 6.6 in SL; snout length 2.2 to 2.5, horizontal orbital diameter 2.9 to 3.7 and least interorbital width 1.7 to 1.9 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with 3 teeth, no maxillary teeth. Lateral line with 42 or 43 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 5 ½ or 6 scale rows and below with 5 or 5 ½ scale rows. Dorsal fin with 12, pectoral fin with 16 or 17, pelvic fin with 9, anal fin with 10 and caudal fin with 19 rays (Garavello, Britski, 1988). Ground color dark-grey; isthmus and abdomen yellowish; scales with dark-brown border, conferring reticulated pattern to body; three dark-brown blotches over lateral line (first vertically enlongated, second and third rounded), more visible in young specimens, inconspicuous or absent in large specimens. Dorsal, anal and caudal fin darker, pectoral and pelvic fins lighter (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 500.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033853FFFDFC82FF6A2EC80309.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río Paraguay and upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033853FFFDFC82FF6A2EC80309.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Megaleporinus macrocephalus was identified as Leporinus macrocephalus by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Ramirez et al. (2016) described the new genus, Megaleporinus, and proposed the new combination. Megaleporinus macrocephalus is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná and its occurrence in the region can be associated with fish-farming and escapes from recreational angling ponds.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033853FFFCFCD8FAEB2A2B0489.taxon	description	Fig. 5	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033853FFFCFCD8FAEB2A2B0489.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 3.2 to 3.5, caudal peduncle depth 8.6 to 8.9 times in SL; head length 3.2 to 3.8, predorsal distance 2.0 to 2.1, caudal peduncle length 7.0 to 7.9 in SL; snout length 2.0 to 2.2, horizontal orbital diameter 2.9 to 3.8 and least interorbital width 6.7 to 8.4 in HL. Mouth subterminal; premaxilla and dentary with 3 teeth, no maxillary teeth. Lateral line with 41 - 44 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 6 or 7 scale rows and below with 6 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 12, pectoral fin with 17, pelvic fin with 9, anal fin with 9 or 10 and caudal fin with 19 rays (Britski et al., 2012). Ground color silvery; three dark-brown rounded blotches over lateral line. Dorsal fin whitish, pectoral, pelvic, anal and caudal fins yellowish (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 350 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033853FFFCFCD8FAEB2A2B0489.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río de la Plata basin, Laguna dos Patos drainage, rio Parnaíba and rio São Francisco basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033853FFFCFCD8FAEB2A2B0489.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Megaleporinus obtusidens was identified as Leporinus elongatus by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Ramirez et al. (2016) described the new genus, Megaleporinus, and proposed the new combination. Britski et al. (2012) redescribed Megaleporinus elongatus and M. obtusidens (under Leporinus), distinguishing them by the number of circumpeduncular scale rows (12 in M. elongatus; 16 in M. obtusidens), and restricting the distribution of M. elongatus to the rio Jequitinhonha and rio Pardo. In turn, the specimens identified as Leporinus obtusidens by Graça, Pavanelli (2007) belong to Megaleporinus piavussu, a species endemic to the upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033852FFFCFF7EFD6B2E26054A.taxon	description	Fig. 5	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033852FFFCFF7EFD6B2E26054A.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 2.8 to 3.5, caudal peduncle depth 7.9 to 9.1 times in SL; head length 3.5 to 4.7, predorsal distance 2.0 to 2.2, caudal peduncle length 7.5 to 8.7 in SL; snout length 2.1 to 2.7, horizontal orbital diameter 3.7 to 5.1 and least interorbital width 1.9 to 2.4. Mouth subterminal; premaxilla and dentary with 3 teeth, no maxillary teeth. Lateral line with 41 - 44 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 6 or 7 scale rows and below with 5 or 6 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 11 or 12, pectoral fin with 15 - 19, pelvic fin with 9 and caudal fin with 19 rays (Britski et al., 2012). Ground color silvery; three dark-brown rounded blotches over lateral line. Dorsal fin whitish; pectoral, pelvic, anal and caudal fins yellowish. Maximum standard length. 410.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033852FFFCFF7EFD6B2E26054A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033852FFFCFF7EFD6B2E26054A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Megaleporinus piavussu was identified as L. obtusidens by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Ramirez et al. (2016) described the new genus, Megaleporinus, and proposed the new combination. Britski et al. (2012) redescribed M. obtusidens and described the new species, M. piavussu (under Leporinus) from the upper rio Paraná basin. Megaleporinus piavussu can be distinguished by having 39 or 40, rarely 41, pored scales in the lateral line, and mouth terminal, except in some large adults with somewhat subterminal mouth (vs. 41 to 43, rarely 44 in M. obtusidens, and mouth directed somewhat or entirely downward in M. obtusidens). The epithet piavussu is similar to the common name of M. macrocephalus “ piavuçu, piaussu ”, but these are different species and should not be confused.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033851FFFFFC1BFC0E2FE501AC.taxon	description	Fig. 6	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033851FFFFFC1BFC0E2FE501AC.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 2.8 to 3.9, caudal peduncle depth 8.6 to 11.8 times in SL; head length 2.9 to 4.7, predorsal distance 2.2 to 2.8, caudal peduncle length 5.5 to 8.1 in SL; snout length 2.9 to 3.8, horizontal orbital diameter 3.3 to 5.1 and least interorbital width 1.9 to 2.7 in HL. Mouth terminal; median row of premaxilla with 3 - 5, inner row with 4 - 6, outer row with 7 - 13, inner row of dentary with 4, outer row 7 - 14 and maxilla with 11 - 21 teeth. Lateral line with 67 - 82 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 13 - 16 scale rows and below with 6 - 9 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 11, pectoral fin with 12 - 16, pelvic fin with 8, anal fin with 22 - 31 and caudal fin with 19 rays (Lima, 2017). Ground color silvery; dark-brown transverse band on caudal peduncle, extending to distal margin of median caudal-fin rays; black transverse humeral blotch, sometimes inconspicuous. Pelvic, anal and caudal fins reddish; dorsal and pectoral hyaline or grey (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 302.9 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033851FFFFFC1BFC0E2FE501AC.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río Paraguay and upper rio Amazonas basins (Eschmeyer et al., 2017).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033851FFFFFC1BFC0E2FE501AC.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Brycon hilarii is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná and its occurrence can be associated with the releasing of specimens in the Itaipu Reservoir for restocking (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007; Lima, 2017).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033851FFFFFF0AFF6A2947056A.taxon	description	Fig. 5	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033851FFFFFF0AFF6A2947056A.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 3.6 to 3.8, caudal peduncle depth 9.0 times in SL; head length 4.0 to 4.5, predorsal distance 2.0 to 2.5, caudal peduncle length 7.7 to 8.0 in SL; snout length 2.0 to 2.5, horizontal orbital diameter 2.0 to 2.5, least interorbital width 2.0 to 2.5 and dentary width 5.0 to 5.5 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with 4 teeth, no maxillary teeth. Lateral line with 42 or 43 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 5 scale rows and below with 4 or 4 ½ scale rows. Dorsal fin with 14 or 15, pectoral fin with 13 - 17, pelvic fin with 9, anal fin with 12 or 13 and caudal fin with 19 rays (Garavello, Britski, 1990). Ground color silvery to yellowish; black oval, horizontally elongated, blotch on posterior half of caudal peduncle and caudal-fin base, extending to median caudal-fin rays. Hyaline fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 300.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033851FFFFFF0AFF6A2947056A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033851FFFFFF49FC4829C900CD.taxon	description	Fig. 5	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033851FFFFFF49FC4829C900CD.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 3.0 to 5.0, caudal peduncle depth 9.7 to 10.0 times in SL; head length 3.6 to 4.6, predorsal distance 2.1 to 2.5, caudal peduncle length 8.2 to 9.7 in SL; snout length 2.3 to 2.4, horizontal orbital diameter 3.6 to 5.0, least interorbital width 1.8 to 2.0 and dentary width 4.0 to 4.7 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with 4 teeth, no maxillary teeth. Lateral line with 40 - 42 pored scales; transverse series above and below lateral line with 4 ½ scale rows. Dorsal and pectoral fin with 14 or 15, pelvic fin with 9, anal fin with 10 and caudal fin with 19 rays (Britski et al., 2007). Ground color silvery; four black transverse bars on flank. Hyaline fins, except caudal fin, with distal margins black (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 315.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033851FFFFFF49FC4829C900CD.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033851FFFFFF49FC4829C900CD.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Schizodon borellii is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná and its occurrence can be associated with the releasing of specimens in several reservoirs in the region for restocking (CESP, 1996; Júlio Júnior et al., 2009).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033851FFFFFEABF92E2FF504C9.taxon	description	Fig. 5	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033851FFFFFEABF92E2FF504C9.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 3.0 to 4.3, caudal peduncle depth 10.2 to 10.4 times in SL; head length 4.0 to 4.5, predorsal distance 2.0 to 2.2, caudal peduncle length 8.3 to 8.5 in SL; snout length 2.2 to 2.8, horizontal orbital diameter 3.6 to 4.6, least interorbital width 2.0 to 2.6 and dentary width 5.0 to 5.5 in HL. Mouth subterminal, snout prominent; premaxilla and dentary with 4 teeth, no maxillary teeth. Lateral line with 42 or 43 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 5 or 5 ½ scale rows and below with 4 - 5 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 14, pectoral fin with 15, pelvic fin with 9, anal fin with 9 or 10 and caudal fin with 19 rays (Garavello, Britski, 1990). Ground color silvery to yellowish; black horizontally elongated blotch on caudal peduncle, extending to median caudal-fin rays. Yellowish fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 390.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033851FFFFFEABF92E2FF504C9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río de la Plata basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385FFFF1FF54FF6A292205E8.taxon	description	Fig. 6	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385FFFF1FF54FF6A292205E8.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 2.8 to 3.4, caudal peduncle depth 9.2 to 11.7 times in SL; head length 3.3 to 5.1, predorsal distance 1.8 to 2.1, caudal peduncle length 5.3 to 7.8 in SL; snout length 2.7 to 3.6, horizontal orbital diameter 3.1 to 5.0 and least interorbital width 2.1 to 3.0 in HL. Mouth terminal; median row of premaxilla with 2 - 4, inner row with 5 - 9, outer row with 9 - 13, inner row of dentary with 4, outer row 8 - 14 and maxilla with 11 - 20 teeth. Lateral line with 52 - 63 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 10 - 13 scale rows and below with 5 - 9 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 11, pectoral fin with 13 - 16, pelvic fin with 7 or 8, anal fin with 24 - 30 and caudal fin with 19 rays (Lima, 2017). Ground color silvery; dark-brown transverse band on caudal peduncle, extending to distal margin of median caudal-fin rays; black transverse humeral blotch, sometimes inconspicuous. Pelvic, anal and caudal fins reddish; dorsal and pectoral hyaline or grey (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 400.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385FFFF1FF54FF6A292205E8.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río Paraná and Uruguay basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385FFFF1FF4AFAE82F000749.taxon	description	Fig. 6	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385FFFF1FF4AFAE82F000749.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 3.6 to 3.7, caudal peduncle depth 11.3 to 11.5 times in SL; head length 3.1 to 3.3, predorsal distance 1.8 to 1.9, caudal peduncle length 9.3 to 9.6 in SL; snout length 3.4 to 4.0, horizontal orbital diameter 5.7 to 5.9 and least interorbital width 2.7 to 3.2 in HL. Mouth terminal; inner row of premaxilla with 9 - 11, outer row with 8, inner row of dentary with 40 - 50, outer row with 28 or 29 and maxilla with 30 - 33 teeth. Lateral line with 93 - 96 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 16 - 18 scale rows and below with 8 - 9 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 11 or 12, pectoral fin with 15, pelvic fin with 9, anal fin with 26 - 29 and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color yellowish; longitudinal series of dark-brown spots on flank scales; dark-brown transverse band on posterior portion of caudal peduncle, extending to distal margin of median caudal-fin rays. Yellowish fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 780.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385FFFF1FF4AFAE82F000749.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río de la Plata and río Mamoré basins, and Laguna dos Patos drainage.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385FFFF1FC18FEAB2FD5028B.taxon	description	Fig. 6	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385FFFF1FC18FEAB2FD5028B.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 3.6 to 4.1, caudal peduncle depth 9.9 to 11.8 times in SL; head length 3.6 to 3.8, predorsal distance 1.8 to 1.9, caudal peduncle length 8.6 to 8.8 in SL; snout length 3.5 to 3.8, horizontal orbital diameter 4.2 to 4.7 and least interorbital width 3.5 to 3.7 in HL. Mouth terminal; inner row of premaxilla with 9 - 11, outer row with 7 or 8, inner row of dentary with 30 - 32, outer row with 18 - 20 and maxilla with 30 - 32 teeth. Lateral line with 68 - 71 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 10 scale rows and below with 6 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 11 or 12, pectoral fin with 15 - 17, pelvic fin with 9 or 10, anal fin with 25 - 29 and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color silvery; dark-brown transverse band on posterior portion of caudal peduncle, extending to distal margin of median caudal-fin rays. Reddish fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 340.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385FFFF1FC18FEAB2FD5028B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río Paraná, rio São Francisco, rio Tocantins, Amazon and río Orinoco basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385EFFF0FF4AFF6A294C020A.taxon	description	Fig. 7	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385EFFF0FF4AFF6A294C020A.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 2.4 to 2.9 and caudal peduncle depth 8.0 to 9.8 times in SL; head length 3.2 to 3.6, predorsal distance 1.8 to 1.9 and caudal peduncle length 10.6 to 11.2 in SL; snout length 4.1 to 4.9, horizontal orbital diameter 2.4 to 3.0 and least interorbital width 2.6 to 3.0 in HL. Mouth terminal; inner row of premaxilla with 5 teeth, outer with 4 or 5, dentary with 10 - 12, and maxilla with one tooth. Lateral line complete, with 33 - 35 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 6 or 7 scale rows and below with 4 or 5 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 11 rays, pectoral fin with 12 or 13, pelvic fin with 7 or 8, anal fin with 27 - 30, and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color silvery; silvery longitudinal band on flank (brown or grey in fixed specimens), from humeral blotch to median caudal-fin rays, larger on caudal peduncle, forming oval-shaped, horizontally elongated, blotch; flank scales with dark-brown border. Maximum standard length. 41.3 mm. Biological data. Feeds on arthropods, debris and seeds of vascular plants and filamentous algae (Castro, Vari, 2004 a).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385EFFF0FF4AFF6A294C020A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385EFFF0FF56FBE9294C01AB.taxon	description	Fig. 7	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385EFFF0FF56FBE9294C01AB.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 2.4 to 2.7 and caudal peduncle depth 8.7 to 9.2 times in SL; head length 4.0 to 4.1, predorsal distance 1.9 to 2.0 and caudal peduncle length 8.0 to 12.4 in SL; snout length 3.7 to 4.4, horizontal orbital diameter 2.4 to 2.5 and least interorbital width 2.8 to 2.9 in HL. Mouth terminal; inner row of premaxilla with 5 teeth, outer with 4 or 5, dentary with 9 or 10, and maxilla with 2 teeth. Lateral line complete, with 37 or 38 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 5 ½ or 6 scale rows and below with 5 or 6 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 11 or 12, pectoral fin with 15 or 16, pelvic fin with 9, anal fin with 22 or 23, and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color silvery; one black humeral blotch, transversely elongated, followed by another similar black humeral blotch, smaller than the first; silvery longitudinal band on flank (brown or grey in fixed specimens), from humeral blotch to median caudal-fin rays, larger on caudal peduncle, forming ovalshaped, horizontally elongated, blotch. Yellowish or reddish fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 74.2 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385EFFF0FF56FBE9294C01AB.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385EFFF0FC2FFF6A2E0C05E8.taxon	description	Fig. 7	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385EFFF0FC2FFF6A2E0C05E8.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 2.9 to 3.4 and caudal peduncle depth 10.4 to 11.1 times in SL; head length 4.5 to 4.6, predorsal distance 2.0 to 2.1 and caudal peduncle length 9.5 to 13.3 in SL; snout length 3.4 to 3.6, horizontal orbital diameter 2.2 to 2.3 and least interorbital width 3.3 to 3.5 in HL. Mouth terminal; inner row of premaxilla with 5 teeth, outer with 4 or 5, dentary with 10 - 12, and maxilla with one tooth. Lateral line complete, with 34 - 36 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 5 or 5 ½ scale rows and below with 5 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 11, pectoral fin with 15, pelvic fin with 9, anal fin with 24 - 28, and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color silvery; black vertically elongated humeral blotch; silvery longitudinal band on flank (black in fixed specimens), from humeral blotch to median caudal-fin rays, larger on caudal peduncle, forming oval-shaped, horizontally elongated, blotch. Unpaired fins reddish, paired fins hyaline (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 102.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385EFFF0FC2FFF6A2E0C05E8.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Drainages from Mexico to Argentina.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385EFFF3FC04FBCB2BA90769.taxon	description	Fig. 7	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385EFFF3FC04FBCB2BA90769.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 1.8 to 2.9 and caudal peduncle depth 6.6 to 10.1 times in SL; head length 3.0 to 4.4, predorsal distance 1.6 to 2.4 and caudal peduncle length 7.8 to 8.4 in SL; snout length 3.2 to 4.1, horizontal orbital diameter 2.3 to 4.7 and least interorbital width 1.9 to 3.3 in HL. Mouth terminal; inner row of premaxilla with 5 teeth, outer with 4 or 5, dentary with 8 - 16, and no maxillary teeth. Lateral line complete, with 33 - 41 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 6 to 8 scale rows and below with 4 - 8 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 12, pectoral fin with 12 or 13, pelvic fin with 8 or 9, anal fin with 22 - 34, and caudal fin with 19. Ground color silvery; one black rounded humeral blotch followed by another vertically elongated humeral blotch; silvery longitudinal band on flank (brown or grey in fixed specimens), from humeral blotch to median caudal-fin rays, larger on caudal peduncle, forming oval-shaped, horizontally elongated, blotch. Yellowish fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 129.2 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385EFFF3FC04FBCB2BA90769.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río de la Plata basin, Laguna dos Patos and rio Tramandaí drainages, rio São Francisco (Lucena, Soares, 2016) and, according to Garutti, Langeani (2009), rio Tocantins-Araguaia basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385EFFF3FC04FBCB2BA90769.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Astyanax lacustris was identified as A. altiparanae by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Lucena, Soares (2016), in a revisionary study of some species in the Astyanax bimaculatus (Linnaeus, 1758) group from Southern Neotropical river basins, proposed the new synonym.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385DFFF3FF5CFE4B2F9304C9.taxon	description	Fig. 7	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385DFFF3FF5CFE4B2F9304C9.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 3.5 to 3.6 and caudal peduncle depth 10.9 to 11.6 times in SL; head length 3.9 to 4.1, predorsal distance 1.9 to 2.0 and caudal peduncle length 7.2 to 9.6 in SL; snout length 3.6 to 4.5, horizontal orbital diameter 2.4 to 2.8 and least interorbital width 2.9 to 3.1 in HL. Mouth terminal; inner row of premaxilla with 5 teeth, outer with 4 or 5, dentary with 8 - 13, and maxilla with one tooth. Lateral line complete, with 38 or 39 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 5 or 5 ½ scale rows and below with 4 or 4 ½ scale rows. Dorsal fin with 11, pectoral fin with 15 or 16, pelvic fin with 9, anal fin with 17 - 23, and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color silvery; black vertically elongated humeral blotch followed by another similar black humeral blotch, smaller than the first; silvery longitudinal band on flank (brown or grey in fixed specimens), from humeral blotch to median caudal-fin rays. Reddish fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 90.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385DFFF3FF5CFE4B2F9304C9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385CFFF2FEBEFF6A294C05C8.taxon	description	Fig. 7	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385CFFF2FEBEFF6A294C05C8.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 2.4 to 2.5 and caudal peduncle depth 10.7 to 11.2 times in SL; head length 4.1 to 4.6, predorsal distance 2.0 to 2.1 and caudal peduncle length 10.1 to 11.6 in SL; snout length 3.7 to 3.8, horizontal orbital diameter 2.1 to 2.2 and least interorbital width 3.0 to 3.1 in HL. Mouth terminal; inner row of premaxilla with 5, outer with 3 - 5, dentary with 10 - 13, and maxilla with one tooth. Lateral line complete, with 37 - 38 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 6 - 7 scale rows and below with 6 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 10 - 11, pectoral fin with 14 - 16, pelvic fin with 9, anal fin with 29 - 35 and caudal fin with 19 rays (Britski, 1964). Ground color pale yellow; dark-brown longiudinal stripe, along middle of body, from humeral spot to median caudal-fin rays; dark-brown humeral spot, transversely elongate. Dorsal and caudal fins yellowish, other fins hyaline (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 89.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385CFFF2FEBEFF6A294C05C8.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385CFFF2FF0DFBEB28350528.taxon	description	Fig. 8	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385CFFF2FF0DFBEB28350528.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 2.9 to 3.4 and caudal peduncle depth 8.3 to 11.2 times in SL; head length 3.3 to 4.0, predorsal distance 1.8 to 2.0 and caudal peduncle length 6.3 to 9.2 in SL; snout length 3.6 to 6.5, horizontal orbital diameter 2.1 to 3.3 and least interorbital width 2.3 to 3.3 in HL. Mouth terminal; inner row of premaxilla with 5 teeth, outer row with 3 - 6, dentary with 3 or 4 maxillary teeth. Lateral line incomplete, with 9 - 15 pored scales; longitudinal series with 31 - 35 scales; transverse series above lateral line with 5 or 6 scale rows and below with 4 or 5 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 10 or 11 rays, pectoral fin with 10 - 14 rays, pelvic fin with 7 - 10 rays, anal fin with 24 - 27 rays and caudal fin with 19 rays (Zarske et al., 2006; Jerep et al., 2011). Ground color whitish to pale; silvery to darkbrown longitudinal stripe on flank; black rounded humeral spot; dark-brown rounded blotch on last portion of caudal peduncle and caudal-fin base, reaching only base of median caudal fin rays. Maximum standard length. 38.4 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385CFFF2FF0DFBEB28350528.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Coastal drainages of French Guiana, upper rio Paraná, rio Tocantins-Araguaia and rio Xingu basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385CFFF2FF0DFBEB28350528.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Hemigrammus ora has been captured in the upper rio Paraná floodplain since 2011 by Nupélia staff, and this is the first record to the upper rio Paraná basin. Zarske et al. (2006) described this species from the costal drainages of French Guiana, and Jerep et al. (2011) widened its geographic distribution to the upper rio Tocantins-Araguaia and rio Xingu basins, hypothesizing the continuous distribution of this species from its typelocality to the lower Amazon tributaries. Additionally, Jerep et al. (2011) found two morphological differences: three small dentary teeth and longer snout length 7.7 - 10.6 % SL (vs. 8 - 10 small dentary teeth and snout length 3.9 - 7.0 % SL from the type specimens). The specimens from the upper rio Paraná floodplain present three or four small dentary teeth (in accordance with Jerep et al., 2011) and snout length 6.4 - 7.2 % SL (23.3 - 28.0 % HL; in accordance with Zarske et al., 2006). Hemigrammus ora is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná basin, probably introduced from the rio Tocantins-Araguaia basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385CFFF2FCC3FB882EC4018C.taxon	description	Fig. 8	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385CFFF2FCC3FB882EC4018C.taxon	description	Body moderately deep; greatest depth contained 2.7 to 2.9 and caudal peduncle depth 9.7 to 10.6 times in SL; head length 3.6 to 3.9, predorsal distance 1.9 to 2.0 and caudal peduncle length 8.6 to 11.1 in SL; snout length 4.0 to 4.5, horizontal orbital diameter 2.0 to 2.4 and least interorbital width 3.2 to 3.5 in HL. Mouth terminal; inner row of premaxilla with 3 - 5, outer row with 3 - 4, dentary with 8 - 11 and maxilla with 2 - 3 teeth. Lateral line incomplete, with 4 - 5 pored scales; longitudinal series with 29 - 33 scales; transverse series above lateral line with 5 - 6 scale rows and below with 3 ½ - 4 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 10 - 12, pectoral fin with 12 - 14, pelvic fin with 7 rays, anal fin with 28 - 32 and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color reddish in life; large, transversely elogate, black humeral blotch. Pelvic, caudal and anal fins red (latter with black margin); pectoral fin hyaline; dorsal fin with black blotch (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 58.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385CFFF2FCC3FB882EC4018C.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Amazon basin and Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385BFFF5FF4AFF6A2AFA038B.taxon	description	Fig. 8	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385BFFF5FF4AFF6A2AFA038B.taxon	description	Body moderately deep; greatest depth contained 2.6 to 3.2 and caudal peduncle depth 8.2 to 10.9 times in SL; head length 3.0 to 3.6, predorsal distance 1.7 to 2.0 and caudal peduncle length 6.1 to 10.3 in SL; snout length 3.4 to 4.9, horizontal orbital diameter 2.1 to 2.8 and least interorbital width 3.0 to 3.7 in HL. Mouth terminal; inner row of premaxilla with 5, rarely 6 teeth, outer row with 2 - 5, dentary with up to 12 and maxilla with 3 teeth. Lateral line incomplete, with 6 - 8 pored scales; longitudinal series with 27 - 35; transverse series above lateral line with 7 or 8 scale rows and below with 4 - 5 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 11 rays, pectoral fin with 11 - 14 rays, pelvic fin with 8 rays, anal fin with 26 - 30 rays and caudal fin with 19 rays (Moreira et al., 2002). Ground color pale brown; one humeral spot (Teixeira et al., 2015); dark-brown longitudinal stripe on flank, continuous with caudal peduncle blotch; dark-brown caudal peduncle blotch triangle-shaped in females and juveniles, rectangular in males; hyaline fins. Maximum standard length. 27.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385BFFF5FF4AFF6A2AFA038B.taxon	biology_ecology	Biological data. Anal fin of mature males with an anterior lobe and convex outline and proximal portion of the lobed rays with a projection, anterodorsally oriented; females with concave outline (Moreira et al., 2002).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385BFFF5FF4AFF6A2AFA038B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Middle rio Araguaia, rio Tocantins, rio Tapajós and upper rio Paraná basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385BFFF5FF4AFF6A2AFA038B.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Hyphessobrycon moniliger has been captured in upper rio Paraná floodplain since 2013 by the Nupélia staff. Hyphessobrycon moniliger is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná basin, probably introduced from the rio Tocantins-Araguaia basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385BFFF4FC3DFD0B29E70408.taxon	description	Fig. 8	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385BFFF4FC3DFD0B29E70408.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 2.1 to 2.5 and caudal peduncle depth 7.0 to 8.0 times in SL; head length 3.1 to 3.5, predorsal distance 1.7 to 1.9 and caudal peduncle length 8.3 to 12.4 in SL; snout length 3.5 to 4.7, horizontal orbital diameter 2.2 to 2.6 and least interorbital width 2.5 to 2.7 in HL. Mouth terminal; inner row of premaxilla with 5 teeth, outer with 3 or 4, dentary with 9 - 12 and maxilla with 1 or 2 teeth. Lateral line complete, or occasionally discontinuous, with 19 - 26 pored scales; longitudinal series with 24 - 26 scales; transverse series above lateral line with 4, 4 ½ or 5 scale rows and below with 3, 3 ½ or 4 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 11 rays, pectoral fin with 11 - 13 rays, pelvic fin with 8 rays, anal fin with 24 - 27 rays and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color silvery; scales with dark-brown border, conferring reticulated pattern to body; one dark-brown humeral spot; anterior half of caudal peduncle with light-beige area. Hyaline fins, except caudal fin; posterior portion of caudal peduncle and proximal third of caudal fin with conspicuous black transverse bar occupying their whole depth. Maximum standard length. 45.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385BFFF4FC3DFD0B29E70408.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná and río Paraguay basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385BFFF4FC3DFD0B29E70408.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Some specimens of M. australe were identified as M. aff. sanctaefilomenae by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Both species occur in the upper rio Paraná floodplain, where M. australe has been captured since 1989 by the Nupélia staff. Moenkhausia australe can be distinguished by having lateral line completely pored, rarely disrupted (vs. lateral line incompletely pored, in M. sanctaefilomenae). Despite the general morphological similarity between M. australe, M. forestii and M. sanctaefilomenae, Benine et al. (2009) and Mariguela et al. (2013), in molecular analyses, considered them as different species. Moenkhausia australe was described from the lower río Paraguay basin, and it was considered a junior-synonym of M. sanctaefilomenae by Eigenmann (1917), until Benine et al. (2009) revalidated it. Re-analyzing the material hosted at Coleção Ictiológica do Nupélia, the older occurence from 1989 (NUP 10677, NUP 10678, NUP 10680, previously identified as M. sanctaefilomenae) was found, few years after the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the consequent inundation of the Sete Quedas Falls. Because of the earliest record occurred after the Itaipu Dam building, M. australe is considered a possible non-native species from the upper rio Paraná.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385AFFF4FF13FDEA298A01AC.taxon	description	Fig. 8	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385AFFF4FF13FDEA298A01AC.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 2.9 to 3.4 and caudal peduncle depth 8.5 to 9.5 times in SL; head length 3.5 to 3.9, predorsal distance 1.9 to 2.0 and caudal peduncle length 7.4 to 9.0 in SL; snout length 3.4 to 4.2, horizontal orbital diameter 2.0 to 2.4 and least interorbital width 3.0 to 3.5 in HL. Mouth terminal; inner row of premaxilla with 5 teeth, outer with 2 - 5, dentary with 4 and maxilla with 2 or 3 teeth. Lateral line complete with 29 - 31 pored scales, sometimes disrupted or incomplete 6 to 13 pored scales; longitudinal series with 29 - 31 scales; transverse series above lateral line with 5 scale rows and below with 3 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 11 rays, pectoral fin with 12 - 13 rays, pelvic fin with 8 rays, anal fin with 24 - 26 rays and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color silvery to pale yellow; darkbrown longitudinal stripe from opercle (conspicuously from vertical through dorsal-fin origin) to median caudal fin rays; distal portion of caudal fin lobes equally dark-brown. Maximum standard length. 43.8 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385AFFF4FF13FDEA298A01AC.taxon	biology_ecology	Biological data. Lives in marginal backwaters with low current speeds and feeds mainly on terrestrial insects (Diptera and Coleoptera) (Benine et al., 2004).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385AFFF4FF13FDEA298A01AC.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná and río Paraguay basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385AFFF4FF13FDEA298A01AC.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Some specimens of Moenkhausia bonita were identified as Hemigrammus marginatus by Graça, Pavanelli (2007), who reported some specimens with lateral line completely pored, and others with lateral line disrupted or incompletely pored. R. P. Ota andA. G. Bifi (oral communication, 2009) were the first to identify M. bonita in the upper rio Paraná floodplain, formelly restricted to the type-locality (Baía Bonita) in its original description (Benine et al., 2004). Hemigrammus marginatus was restricted the distribution of H. marginatus to the rio São Francisco basin and rivers of northeastern Brazil by Ota, RP et al. (2015). Mota et al. (2018, in press), in a molecular analysis, concluded that the specimens from the upper rio Paraná floodplain, including those with variation in lateral line (complete, disrupted and incomplete), belong to M. bonita.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385AFFF4FC87FF6A28C101AB.taxon	description	Fig. 8	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385AFFF4FC87FF6A28C101AB.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 2.2 to 2.6 and caudal peduncle depth 7.4 to 8.7 times in SL; head length 3.2 to 3.7, predorsal distance 1.7 to 1.9 and caudal peduncle length 9.4 to 13.9 in SL; snout length 3.0 to 4.0, horizontal orbital diameter 2.3 to 2.9 and least interorbital width 2.3 to 2.7 in HL. Mouth terminal; inner row of premaxilla with 5 teeth, outer with 3 - 5, dentary with 11 and maxilla with 1 or 2. Lateral line incomplete, with 7 - 11 pored scales; longitudinal series with 23 - 26 scales; transverse series above lateral line with 5 scale rows and below with 4 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 11 rays, pectoral fin with 12 or 13 rays, pelvic fin with 8 rays, anal fin with 21 - 27 rays and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color silvery; superior portion of eye red; scales with darkbrown border, conferring reticulated pattern to body; one dark-brown humeral spot; dark-brown longitudinal stripe along posterior half of flank; anterior half of caudal peduncle with light-beige area. Hyaline fins, except caudal fin; posterior portion of caudal peduncle and proximal third of caudal fin with conspicuous black transverse bar occupying their whole depth. Maximum standard length. 36.4 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385AFFF4FC87FF6A28C101AB.taxon	biology_ecology	Biological data. Males present small hooks on the segments of each anal-fin ray (Benine et al., 2009).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385AFFF4FC87FF6A28C101AB.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná and río Paraguay basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103385AFFF4FC87FF6A28C101AB.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Some specimens of Moenkhausia forestii were identified as M. aff. sanctaefilomenae by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Both species occur in the upper rio Paraná floodplain, where M. forestii has been captured since 2009 by Nupélia staff. Moenkhausia forestii can be distinguished by having transverse series above lateral line with 5 and below with 4 scale rows (vs. 4 scale rows above and 3 below, in M. sanctaefilomenae). Additionally, M. forestii can be distinguished from M. australe, another similar species, by having lateral line incompletely pored, transverse series above lateral line with 5 and below with 4 scale rows, and upper jaw length 39.9 - 44.0 % HL (vs. lateral line completely pored, 4 scale rows above and 3 below, and upper jaw length 46.4 - 52.6 % HL). Despite the general morphological similarity between M. australe, M. forestii and M. sanctaefilomenae, Benine et al. (2009) and Mariguela et al. (2013), in molecular analyses, considered them as different species. Moenkhausia forestii is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná basin, and its recent occurrence can be associated with the functioning of the Canal da Piracema, a fish ladder that connects the region downstream from the Itaipu Dam to the region upstream from the dam (Benine et al., 2009).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033858FFF6FF71FF6A29A500AA.taxon	description	Fig. 8	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033858FFF6FF71FF6A29A500AA.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 3.3 to 3.5 and caudal peduncle depth 8.1 to 9.7 times in SL; head length 4.0 to 4.6, predorsal distance 1.9 to 2.1 and caudal peduncle length 6.8 to 9.5 in SL; snout length 3.0 to 3.7, horizontal orbital diameter 2.2 to 2.3 and least interorbital width 2.8 to 3.2 in HL. Mouth terminal; inner row of premaxilla with 4 or 5 teeth, outer with 3 - 5, dentary with 4 and maxilla with 0 to 2 teeth. Lateral line complete, with 32 - 34 pored scales; longitudinal series with 32 - 34 scales; transverse series above lateral line with 5 scale rows and below with 3 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 11 rays, pectoral fin with 12 - 13 rays, pelvic fin with 8 rays, anal fin with 20 - 24 rays and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color whitish; silver longitudinal stripe (brown or grey in fixed specimens), from humeral spot to caudal peduncle; distal portion of upper caudal-fin lobe darker than lower. Maximum standard length. 37.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033858FFF6FF71FF6A29A500AA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033858FFF6FF71FF6A29A500AA.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Some specimens of Moenkhausia cf. gracilima were identified as Hemigrammus marginatus by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Ota, RP et al. (2015) restricted the distribution of H. marginatus to the rio São Francisco basin and rivers of northeastern Brazil. Moenkhausia cf. gracilima can be distinguished by having a dark-brown humeral spot, lateral line completely pored, median caudal-fin rays hyaline, and the distal portion of upper caudal-fin lobe darker than the lower (vs. dark-brown humeral spot absent, lateral line incompletely pored, median caudal-fin rays darkbrown, continuous with longitudinal stripe, and caudal-fin lobes equally pigmented, in M. bonita, also identified as H. marginatus by Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Marinho (2009) and Marinho, Langeani (2016) noted a species very similar to M. gracilima, from the Amazon basin, in the influence area of the Ilha Solteira Reservoir, speculating the possibility to be new. The specimens from the upper rio Paraná floodplain, captured there since 2009 by the Nupélia staff, match the description of the specimens from the Ilha Solteira Reservoir. However, as some characters of the specimens from the upper rio Paraná and the Amazon basin are overlapped, M. M. F. Marinho (in an e-mail, manoela. marinho @ gmail. com, June 2017), suggested the identification as M. cf. gracilima.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033858FFF6FF0EF90928CD05CA.taxon	description	Fig. 8	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033858FFF6FF0EF90928CD05CA.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 3.0 to 4.6 and caudal peduncle depth 9.0 to 12.2 times in SL; head length 4.0 to 4.6, predorsal distance 1.9 to 2.1 and caudal peduncle length 7.7 to 11.9 in SL; snout length 3.4 to 4.2, horizontal orbital diameter 1.9 to 2.6 and least interorbital width 2.8 to 3.3 in HL. Mouth terminal; inner row of premaxilla with 5 teeth, outer with 4, dentary with 12 - 14 and maxilla with 1 - 2 teeth. Lateral line complete, with 33 - 36 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 5 - 6 scale rows and below with 34 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 10, pectoral fin with 13 - 15, pelvic fin with 8 - 10, anal fin with 26 - 28 and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color whitish to silvery; silvery longitudinal band (brown or grey in preserved specimens), from posterior portion of opercle to caudal-fin base. Yellowish fins; caudal fin with black rounded blotch on each lobe and distal margins hyaline (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 104.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033858FFF6FF0EF90928CD05CA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033858FFF6FF0EF90928CD05CA.taxon	discussion	Remarks. According to R. C. Benine (personal communication), the specimens from the upper rio Paraná are different from those of the rio Amazonas (type-locality of Moenkhausia intermedia). Therefore, the particle “ aff. ” was used.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033858FFF6FC8BFC2828E901AC.taxon	description	Fig. 8	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033858FFF6FC8BFC2828E901AC.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 2.4 to 2.8 and caudal peduncle depth 8.0 to 9.2 times in SL; head length 3.7 to 3.9, predorsal distance 1.7 to 1.9 and caudal peduncle length 11.8 to 13.0 in SL; snout length 2.9 to 3.7, horizontal orbital diameter 2.4 to 3.0 and least interorbital width 2.3 to 2.9 in HL. Mouth terminal; inner row of premaxilla with 5 teeth, outer with 4 - 5, dentary with 9 - 11 and maxilla with 1 - 2 teeth. Lateral line incomplete, with 7 - 11 pored scales; longitudinal series with 25 - 29 scales; transverse series above lateral line with 4 scale rows and below with 3 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 10 - 11, pectoral fin with 14 - 15, pelvic fin with 9, anal fin with 24 to 26 and caudal fin with 19 rays (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Ground color silvery; superior portion of eye red; darkbrown chromatophores concentrated on distal margin of scales conferring reticulated pattern to body; one darkbrown humeral spot; anterior half of caudal peduncle with light-beige area. Yellowish fins; posterior portion of caudal peduncle and proximal third of caudal fin with conspicuous black transverse bar occupying their whole depth. Maximum standard length. 54.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033858FFF6FC8BFC2828E901AC.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Rio Parnaíba, rio São Francisco and río de la Plata basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033867FFC9FF7AFE0B294702E9.taxon	description	Fig. 9 Body elongate; greatest depth contained 2.9 to 3.7 and caudal peduncle depth 7.8 to 8.6 times in SL; head length 2.9 to 3.5, predorsal distance 1.7 to 1.9 and caudal peduncle length 8.7 to 9.4 in SL; snout length 3.5 to 4.5, horizontal orbital diameter 2.6 to 4.3 and least interorbital width 3.8 to 5.6 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla with 4 - 7 teeth, dentary with 11 - 21, and maxilla with 18 - 35 teeth. Lateral line complete, with 47 - 54 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 9 - 10 scale rows and below with 6 - 8 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 12, pectoral fin with 12 - 16, pelvic fin with 8 - 9, anal fin with 20 - 27, and caudal fin with 19 rays (Menezes, Géry, 1983). Ground color silvery; black humeral spot, vertically elongate; silvery longitudinal stripe on flank (brown or grey in preserved specimens), from humeral spot to median caudal-fin rays. Yellowish fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 100 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033867FFC9FF7AFE0B294702E9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033867FFC9FEBBFAC82F930769.taxon	description	Fig. 9 Body deep; greatest depth contained 2.5 to 3.1 and caudal peduncle depth 8.4 to 9.6 times in SL; head length 3.7 to 3.8, predorsal distance 1.7 to 1.9 and caudal peduncle length 9.5 to 9.6 in SL; snout length 3,5 to 4.2, horizontal orbital diameter 2.4 to 2.5 and least interorbital width 3.5 to 3.6 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla with 10 - 12 teeth, dentary with 10 - 18, and maxilla with 15 - 23 teeth. Lateral line complete, with 36 - 40 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 7 - 9 scale rows and below with 6 - 8 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 12, pectoral fin with 14 - 17, pelvic fin with 9, anal fin with 28 - 33 and caudal fin with 19 rays (Menezes, 1987). Ground color yellowish to silvery; black rounded humeral spot with diffuse dorsal and ventral extensions, followed by second, inconspicuous humeral spot; silvery longitudinal stripe on flank (brown or grey in preserved specimens), from humeral spot to median caudalfin rays, widest along caudal peduncle, forming horizontally elongate blotch. Yellowish fins, reddish in reproductive season (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 76 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033867FFC9FEBBFAC82F930769.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033867FFC9FCCFFE082F8203CC.taxon	description	Fig. 9 Body deep and compressed; greatest depth contained 2.1 to 2.5 and caudal peduncle depth 9.7 to 10.8 times in SL; head length 3.4 to 4.0, predorsal distance 1.9 to 2.1; snout length 3.5 to 4.0, horizontal orbital diameter 2.3 to 2.8 and least interorbital width 2.6 to 3.2 in HL. Mouth terminal; inner row of premaxilla with 5 teeth, outer with 3 - 5, dentary with 8 - 11 and maxilla with 1 tooth. Lateral line irregular (incomplete, rarely complete); longitudinal series with 40 - 45 scales. Dorsal fin with 10, pectoral fin with 12 - 13, pelvic fin with 8, anal fin with 39 - 46, and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color whitish; diffuse black humeral spot; dark-brown rounded blotch on distal portion of caudal peduncle and caudal-fin base. Hyaline fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 45.5 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033867FFC9FCCFFE082F8203CC.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paraná-Paraguay system and rio São Francisco basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033867FFC9FCCFFE082F8203CC.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Psellogrammus kennedyi is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná and its occurrence can be associated with the functioning of the Canal da Piracema (a fish ladder that connects the region downstream from the Itaipu Dam to the region upstream from the dam). Aphyocharacinae	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033866FFC8FF18FF6A2FDB0409.taxon	description	Fig. 9	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033866FFC8FF18FF6A2FDB0409.taxon	description	Body elongate; greatest depth contained 3.1 to 4.4 and caudal peduncle depth 7.6 to 11.9 times in SL; head length 3.1 to 4.0, predorsal distance 1.7 to 2.0 and caudal peduncle length 7.3 to 7.5 in SL; snout length 3 to 4.7, horizontal orbital diameter 2.5 to 3.2 and least interorbital width 2.6 to 4.5 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla with 4 - 8 teeth, dentary with 7 to 14, and maxilla with 1 to 4 teeth. Lateral line incomplete, with 7 - 10 pored scales; longitudinal series with 30 - 34 scales; transverse series above lateral line with 4 - 5 scale rows and below with 3 ½ - 5 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 9 - 11, pectoral fin with 9 - 12, pelvic fin with 6 - 8, anal fin with 18 - 23, and caudal fin with 19 rays (Lima, 2003). Ground color silvery; no black marks on body and fins. Reddish fins, except dorsal and adipose (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 49.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033866FFC8FF18FF6A2FDB0409.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033865FFCBFF10FF6A2A190289.taxon	description	Fig. 9	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033865FFCBFF10FF6A2A190289.taxon	description	Body elongate; greatest depth contained 3.8 to 4.7 and caudal peduncle depth 8.9 to 10.9 times in SL; head length 3.5 to 4.5, predorsal distance 1.8 to 2.0 and caudal peduncle length 7.2 to 7.6 in SL; snout length 3.2 to 4.6, horizontal orbital diameter 3.5 to 4.5 and least interorbital width 2.8 to 3.5 in HL. Mouth terminal, slightly prognathous; premaxilla with 4 - 8, dentary with 9 - 23 and maxilla with 8 - 17 teeth. Lateral line incomplete, with 8 - 13 pored scales; longitudinal series with 36 - 42 scales; transverse series above lateral line with 5 - 7 scale rows and below with 3 - 4 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 9 - 11, pectoral fin with 10 - 14, pelvic fin with 7 - 8, anal fin with 16 - 22, and caudal fin with 19 rays (Lima, 2003). Ground color silvery; diffuse, oval transversely elongated, humeral spot; no other black marks on body and fin. Caudal fin red, other fins hyaline to yellowish (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 60.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033865FFCBFF10FF6A2A190289.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033865FFCBFF10FF6A2A190289.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Aphyocharax dentatus is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná and its occurence can be associated with the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the consequent inundation of the Sete Quedas Falls (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033865FFCBFC71FEF528A20329.taxon	description	Fig. 9	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033865FFCBFC71FEF528A20329.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 3.0 to 3.7 and caudal peduncle depth 11.5 to 13.9 times in SL; head length 3.0 to 3.5, predorsal distance 1.8 to 2.2 and caudal peduncle length 9.4 to 11.3 in SL; snout length 8 to 9.3, horizontal orbital diameter 3.9 to 4.6 and least interorbital width 3.6 to 4.8 in HL. Mouth slightly subterminal; premaxilla with 6 - 10 teeth, inner dentary row with 7 - 11, outer with 4 large plus 33 - 35 small and maxilla with 36 - 51 teeth. Lateral line complete, with 81 - 86 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 16 - 18 scale rows and below with 15 - 17 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 11 or 12, pectoral fin with 15 or 16, pelvic fin with 8, anal fin with 43 - 50, and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color silvery to yellowish; silvery longitudinal band on flank (brown or grey in preserved specimens), from humeral spot to caudal peduncle; black oval, vertically elongated, humeral spot. Hyaline fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 257.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033865FFCBFC71FEF528A20329.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río Orinoco, rio Oyapok, rio Araguaia- Tocantins, upper rio Paraná and Amazon (except the rio Negro and rio Xingu) basins (Giovannetti et al., 2017).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033865FFCBFC71FEF528A20329.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Galeocharax gulo was identified as G. knerii by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Giovannetti et al. (2017), in a revisionary study of Galeocharax Fowler, 1910, proposed the new synonym.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033865FFCAFC28FA4B2901050A.taxon	description	Fig. 9	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033865FFCAFC28FA4B2901050A.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 2.2 to 2.7 and caudal peduncle depth 12.3 to 13.1 times in SL; head length 4.0 to 4.2, predorsal distance 1.9 to 2.0 and caudal peduncle length 12.8 to 13.5 in SL; snout length 3.6 to 4.4, horizontal orbital diameter 2.6 to 3.7 and least interorbital width 3.1 to 4.0 in HL. Mouth terminal; inner row of premaxilla with 6 teeth, outer with 4 - 6, inner row of dentary with 12 - 14, outer with 4 - 6 and maxilla with 9 - 11 teeth. Lateral line complete, with 66 - 71 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 13 - 16 scale rows and below with 8 - 10 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 10 or 11, pectoral fin with 11 or 12, pelvic fin with 9 or 10, anal fin with 50 - 55, and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color whitish; silvery longitudinal band on flank (brown or grey in preserved specimens), from humeral spot to caudal peduncle; black diffuse and oval, vertically elongated, humeral spot; one black spot on caudal peduncle, slightly forwarded prolonged. Yellowish fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 100.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033865FFCAFC28FA4B2901050A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paraná-Paraguay system and Amazon basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033865FFCAFC28FA4B2901050A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Roeboides descalvadensis was identified as R. paranensis by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Lucena (2007) in a revisionary study of the Roeboides affinis (Günther, 1868) species-group, proposed the new synonym. Roeboides descalvadensis is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná, and its occurrence can be associated with the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the consequent inundation of the Sete Quedas Falls (Júlio Júnior et al., 2009).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033864FFCAFF18FC6A2E7204A8.taxon	description	Fig. 10	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033864FFCAFF18FC6A2E7204A8.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 2.3 to 3.1 and caudal peduncle depth 9.2 to 10.0 times in SL; head length 3.5 to 4.2, predorsal distance 1.8 to 2.0 and caudal peduncle length 6.6 to 8.8 in SL; snout length 3.7 to 4.4, horizontal orbital diameter 2.8 to 3.2 and least interorbital width 3.0 to 3.4 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla with 8 - 11 teeth, dentary with 20 to 26 teeth and expanded tips, and maxilla with 3 - 5 teeth. Lateral line incomplete, with 6 - 9 pored scales; longitudinal series with 34 - 36 scales; transverse series above lateral line with 5 or 6 scale rows and below with 3 or 4 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 10 or 11 rays, pectoral fin with 11 or 12 rays, pelvic fin with 8 or 9 rays, anal fin with 25 - 27 rays and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color pale yellow; dark-brown longitudinal stripe on flank, from pseudotympanum to caudal peduncle; darkbrown blotch occupying whole caudal peduncle depth and caudal-fin base; dark-brown stripe along anal-fin base. Maximum standard length. 37.7 mm. Biological data. Lives in creeks and lagoons (Agostinho et al., 1995).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033864FFCAFF18FC6A2E7204A8.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033864FFCAFF18FC6A2E7204A8.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Some specimens of A. hemigrammus were identified as Serrapinnus sp. 1 by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Both species occur in the upper rio Paraná floodplain, where A. hemigrammus has been captured since 2004. Aphyocheirodon hemigrammus can be distinguished by having the central cusp of dentary teeth of same size and with straight edge, and the anal fin of mature males without bony hooks (vs. central cusp of dentary teeth much longer than lateral ones, and anal fin of mature males with bony hooks, in Serrapinnus sp. 1). Some specimens of A. hemigrammus do not present predorsal series of scales, whereas other specimens only present scales next to dorsal fin. Eigenmann (1915) described that species from the rio Grande, upper rio Paraná basin in Minas Gerais State, Brazil, and stated that the species has “ predorsal area rounded, with a median series of about twelve scales ”. As no other distinguishing characters were observed, the specimens analyzed herein was considered as belonging to the same species, despite the apparently disrupted distribution of the species.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033864FFCAFCE0FCCB2FCC00CA.taxon	description	Fig. 10	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033864FFCAFCE0FCCB2FCC00CA.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 3.5 to 4.1 and caudal peduncle depth 8.7 to 11.7 times in SL; head length 3.4 to 4.4, predorsal distance 1.8 to 2.1 and caudal peduncle length 9.0 to 12.0 in SL; snout length 3.3 to 4.3, horizontal orbital diameter 2.2 to 2.6 and least interorbital width 2.7 to 3.8 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla with 5, dentary with 7 - 10 teeth (narrow, with central cusp much longer than lateral ones), and maxilla with 2 teeth. Lateral line complete, with 26 - 30 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 4 ½ - 5 and below with 3 - 3 ½ scale rows. Dorsal fin with 10 - 11, pectoral fin with 11 - 12, pelvic fin with 8 - 9, anal fin with 20 - 22 and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color whitish; silvery longitudinal band (dark-brown in preserved specimens), from pseduotympanum to caudal peduncle; black rounded blotch on posterior portion of caudal peduncle and caudal-fin base. Fins hyaline to yellowish (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 50.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033864FFCAFCE0FCCB2FCC00CA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033864FFCAFCE0FCCB2FCC00CA.taxon	discussion	Coments. Odontostilbe avanhandava was identified as Odontostilbe sp. by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Chuctaya et al. (2018) described the new species.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033863FFCDFC32FEEB2FDA01AA.taxon	description	Fig. 10	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033863FFCDFC32FEEB2FDA01AA.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 3.3 to 4.0 and caudal peduncle depth 8.6 to 10.5 times in SL; head length 4.1 to 4.4, predorsal distance 1.9 to 2.0 and caudal peduncle length 5.0 to 6.4 in SL; snout length 2.8 to 3.2, horizontal orbital diameter 2.8 to 3.2 and least interorbital width 3.0 to 3.5 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla with 5 or 6, dentary with 4 - 8 teeth with expanded tips, and maxilla with 1 to 3 teeth. Lateral line completely pored, with 32 - 36 pored scales; longitudinal series with 32 - 36 scales; transverse series above lateral line with 6 scale rows and below with 3 - 4 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 11, pectoral fin with 10 - 12, pelvic fin with 8, anal fin with 19 - 22 and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color whitish; dark-brown longitudinal stripe on flank, from pseudotympanum to caudal peduncle; black oval, horizontally elongated, blotch on posterior portion of caudal peduncle and caudal-fin base, not extended to median caudal-fin rays. Maximum standard length. 30.9 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033863FFCDFC32FEEB2FDA01AA.taxon	biology_ecology	Biological data. Feeding habit omnivorous; total spawning, and spawning period during rainy season (Gonçalves et al., 2011).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033863FFCDFC32FEEB2FDA01AA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná and rio São Francisco basins, and coastal drainages of the Rio Grande do Norte State, Northeastern Brazil.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033863FFCDFC32FEEB2FDA01AA.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Some specimens of Serrapinnus heterodon were identified as Odontostilbe sp. (now as O. avanhandava) by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Both species occur in the upper rio Paraná floodplain, where S. heterodon has been captured since 2008 by the Nupélia staff. Serrapinnus heterodon can be distinguished by having the dentary teeth with three wide central cusps of same size and two small lateral ones, caudal peduncle blotch oval-shaped, reaching median caudal-fin rays, and mature males with a ventrally arched caudal peduncle (one of the synapomorphies for the genus, according to Malabarba, 1998) (vs. dentary teeth slender and pointed, with one central cusp longer than the four lateral ones, caudal peduncle blotch rounded, not reaching the median caudal-fin rays, and mature males not having the caudal peduncle arched, in Odontostilbe avanhandava). The confusion between the specimens of the upper rio Paraná floodplain can be associated with the completely pored lateral line. This character is common in Odontostilbe, whereas the number of pored scales is reduced in Serrapinnus. The only exception in Serrapinnus is found in S. heterodon, which has a completely pored lateral line.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033863FFCDFF44FDCB2FA60708.taxon	description	Fig. 10	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033863FFCDFF44FDCB2FA60708.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 2.5 to 2.8 and caudal peduncle depth 6.7 to 8.8 times in SL; head length 3.1 to 3.6, predorsal distance 1.8 to 1.9 and caudal peduncle length 7.3 to 9.3 in SL; snout length 4.2 to 5.1, horizontal orbital diameter 2.5 to 3.0 and least interorbital width 2.8 to 3.6 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla with 4 - 6, dentary with 6 - 8, and maxilla with 1 or 2 teeth. Lateral line incomplete, with 5 - 7 pored scales; longitudinal series with 32 or 33 scales; transverse series above lateral line with 5 - 6 scale rows and below with 4 or 4 ½ scale rows. Dorsal fin with 11, pectoral fin with 10 or 11, pelvic fin with 8, anal fin with 22 - 25 and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color pale yellow; dark-brown longitudinal stripe on flank, from pseudotympanum to caudal peduncle; black rounded blotch on posterior portion of caudal peduncle and caudal-fin base, extending to median caudal-fin rays. Maximum standard length. 22.7 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033863FFCDFF44FDCB2FA60708.taxon	description	Biological data. Feeds on benthic organisms, detritus, unicellular and filamentous algae (Fiori et al., 2016). Presents absolute average fecundity estimated in 406 oocytes, and relative fecundity in 0.6 oocytes per mg (Gelain et al., 1999).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033863FFCDFF44FDCB2FA60708.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río de la Plata basin and Laguna dos Patos drainage.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033863FFCDFF44FDCB2FA60708.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Some specimens of Serrapinnus calliurus were identified as Serrapinnus sp. 1 by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Both species occur in the upper rio Paraná floodplain, where S. calliurus has been captured since 2009 by the Nupélia staff. Serrapinnus calliurus can be distinguished by having dentary teeth wide, with 7 - 9 cusps gradually decreasing in size, and the black blotch on caudal peduncle reaching the base of median caudal fin rays (vs. dentary teeth slender, with 3 - 5 cusps of different size and central cusp longer than lateral ones, and the black blotch on caudal peduncle with no extension, in Serrapinnus sp. 1). Serrapinnus calliurus is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná and its occurence can be associated with the functioning of the Canal da Piracema (a fish ladder that connects the region downstream from the Itaipu Dam to the region upstream from the dam), or with the aquarium trade.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033861FFCFFED2FBA8294701AC.taxon	description	Fig. 10	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033861FFCFFED2FBA8294701AC.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 2.2 to 2.5 and caudal peduncle depth 7.9 to 9.8 times in SL; head length 4.3 to 4.5, predorsal distance 1.9 to 2.0 and caudal peduncle length 9.0 to 10.7 in SL; snout length 3.3 to 3.6, horizontal orbital diameter 2.3 to 3.2 and least interorbital width 2.8 to 3.0 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla with 5 or 6, dentary with 8 - 10 and maxilla with 2 or 3 teeth. Lateral line incompletely pored, with 7 - 9 pored scales; longitudinal series with 30 - 32 scales; transverse series above lateral line with 3 ½ or 4 scale rows and below with 3 or 3 ½ scale rows. Dorsal fin with 10 or 11, pectoral fin with 12 or 13, pelvic fin with 8 or 9, anal fin with 19 - 24 and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color whitish; dark-brown longitudinal stripe on flank, from pseudotympanum to caudal peduncle; dark-brown rounded blotch on posterior portion of caudal peduncle and caudal-fin base, not extended to median caudal-fin rays (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 53.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033861FFCFFED2FBA8294701AC.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033861FFCFFBA6FF6A2F930207.taxon	description	Fig. 10	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033861FFCFFBA6FF6A2F930207.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 2.8 to 3.9 and caudal peduncle depth 8.0 to 10.7 times in SL; head length 4.0 to 4.6, predorsal distance 1.8 to 2.0 and caudal peduncle length 9.7 to 10.8 in SL; snout length 3.1 to 3.9, horizontal orbital diameter 2.0 to 2.6 and least interorbital width 2.5 to 3.5 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla with 4 or 5, dentary with 6, and maxilla with 2 teeth. Lateral line incompletely pored, with 6 or 7 pored scales; longitudinal series with 31 - 34 scales; transverse series above lateral line with 3 ½ scale rows and below with 3 or 3 ½ scale rows. Dorsal fin with 11, pectoral fin with 12 or 13, pelvic fin with 8 or 9, anal fin with 20 - 22 and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color whitish; dark-brown longitudinal stripe on flank, from pseudotympanum to caudal peduncle; dark-brown rounded blotch on posterior portion of caudal peduncle and caudal-fin base, not extended to median caudal-fin rays. Hyaline fins; dorsal and anal fins with distal portion black (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 29.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033861FFCFFBA6FF6A2F930207.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033861FFCFFF6DFF6A2947024A.taxon	description	Fig. 10	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033861FFCFFF6DFF6A2947024A.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 2.4 to 2.8 and caudal peduncle depth 8.2 to 8.6 times in SL; head length 3.5 to 4.0, predorsal distance 1.8 to 2.0 and caudal peduncle length 9.5 to 10.3 in SL; snout length 3.5 to 3.8, horizontal orbital diameter 2.3 to 3.2 and least interorbital width 2.6 to 3.0 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla with 4 or 5, dentary with 6 or 7 and maxilla with 1 or 2 teeth. Lateral line incompletely pored, with 5 - 7 pored scales; longitudinal series with 30 - 34 scales; transverse series above lateral line with 3 ½ or 4 scale rows and below with 3 or 3 ½ scale rows. Dorsal fin with 10 or 11, pectoral fin with 12 or 13, pelvic fin with 8 or 9, anal fin with 19 - 24 and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color whitish; dark-brown diffuse longitudinal stripe on flank, from pseudotympanum to caudal peduncle; black rounded blotch on posterior portion of caudal peduncle and caudal-fin base, not extended to median caudal-fin rays. Dorsal fin with black chromatophores along two unbranched and first branched rays and proximal half of remaining; pectoral, pelvic, anal and caudal fins yellowish (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 40.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033861FFCFFF6DFF6A2947024A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033861FFCEFC3CF94B29F8056A.taxon	description	Fig. 11	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033861FFCEFC3CF94B29F8056A.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 3.8 to 4.2 and caudal peduncle depth 10.6 to 11.2 times in SL; head length 4.1 to 4.3, predorsal distance 2.1 to 2.2, and caudal peduncle length 6.7 to 7.1; snout length 3.5 to 4.0, horizontal orbital diameter 2.2 to 2.5 and interorbital distance 2.4 to 2.8 in HL. Mouth terminal; inner row of premaxilla with 4, outer row with 5; dentary with 9 or 10, and maxilla with 2 or 3 teeth. Lateral line with 36 - 38 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 4 or 5 rows and below with 3 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 11 or 12, pectoral fin with 14 or 15, pelvic fin 9, anal fin rays 22 - 26, and caudal with 19 rays. Ground color pale yellow; black vertically elongated humeral spot; silvery longitudinal band (brown or grey in fixed specimens), from humeral spot to caudal peduncle. Yellowish fins; distal margin of caudal-fin lobes black (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 62.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033861FFCEFC3CF94B29F8056A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río Paraguay and upper rio Paraná basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033861FFCEFC3CF94B29F8056A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Bryconamericus exodon is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná, and its occurrence can be associated with the functioning of the Canal da Piracema (a fish ladder that connects the region downstream from the Itaipu Dam to the region upstream from the dam).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033860FFCEFF02FC482AFD00AB.taxon	description	Fig. 11	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033860FFCEFF02FC482AFD00AB.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 2.7 to 2.9 and caudal peduncle depth 8.4 to 9.7 times in SL; head length 4.5 to 4.7, predorsal distance 1.7 to 1.9, and caudal peduncle length 7.6 to 8.1; snout length 3.7 to 3.9, horizontal orbital diameter 2.4 to 2.6 and interorbital distance 3.0 to 3.2 in HL. Mouth subterminal; inner row of premaxilla with 4, outer row with 4 or 5, dentary with 9 - 11, and maxilla with 3 or 4 teeth. Lateral line with 34 - 36 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 5 or 5 ½ rows and below with 4 - 5 ½ scale rows. Dorsal fin with 12 or 13, pectoral fin with 15, pelvic fin with 9, anal fin rays 22 - 24, and caudal with 19 rays. Ground color silvery to yellowish; black rounded or vertically elongated humeral spot; silvery longitudinal band (brown or grey in fixed specimens), from humeral spot to median caudal-fin rays. Yellowish or reddish fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 60.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033860FFCEFF02FC482AFD00AB.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Rio Paraná and rio Uruguay basins, and Laguna dos Patos drainage.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033860FFCEFF28F9092F9805AA.taxon	description	Fig. 11	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033860FFCEFF28F9092F9805AA.taxon	distribution	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 3.3 to 4.2 and caudal peduncle depth 8.6 to 11.5 times in SL; head length 3.5 to 4.7, predorsal distance 1.8 to 2.1, and caudal peduncle length 5.6 to 7.1 in SL; snout length 2.8 to 4.6, horizontal orbital diameter 2.5 to 3.3 and least interorbital width 2.7 to 4.2 in HL. Mouth terminal; inner row of premaxilla with 4 teeth, outer row with 4 or 5, rarely 3 teeth; dentary with 3 or 4 teeth, and maxilla with 2 - 5 teeth. Lateral line with 37 - 43 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 4 or 5 rows and below with 3 or 4 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 10, rarely 9 or 11, pectoral fin with 11 - 14, pelvic fin 8, rarely 7 or 9, anal fin with 17 - 23, and caudal with 16 or 17 rays (Langeani et al., 2005). Ground color pale yellow; dorsal profile with dark-brown longitudinal band, from snout to caudal fin; humeral spot conspicuous and vertically elongated; silver longitudinal band (brown or grey in fixed specimens), from humeral spot to median caudal-fin rays. Fins scattered with dark-brown spots. Maximum standard length. 61.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033860FFCEFF28F9092F9805AA.taxon	biology_ecology	Biological data. Lives in rapids, with rocky bottom, and lentic pools, with gravel bottom or sand and mud (Langeani et al., 2005).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033860FFCEFF28F9092F9805AA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033860FFC1FC3CFBC929580708.taxon	description	Fig. 11	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033860FFC1FC3CFBC929580708.taxon	description	Body elongate; greatest body depth contained 3.2 to 3.4, caudal-peduncle depth 9.9 to 11.3 times in S L; head length 4.5 to 4.6, predorsal length 1.8 to 1.9, and caudal-peduncle length 8.3 to 10.0 in SL; snout length 3.4 to 3.8, horizontal orbital diameter 2.3 to 2.5, and least interorbital width 2.8 to 3.0 times in HL. Mouth terminal; inner and outer row of premaxilla with 3 or 4, dentary with 12 - 16 and maxilla with 4 or 5 teeth. Lateral line with 6 or 7 pored scales; longitudinal series with 29 - 31 scales; transverse series above lateral line with 4 ½ or 5 scales above and below with 4 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 10, pectoral fin with 12 - 14, pelvic fin with 7 rays, anal with 22 - 24 rays, and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color whitish to pale yellow; darkbrown longitudinal stripe, from pseudotympanum to median caudal-fin rays. Fins overall reddish; distal margin of dorsal, caudal and anal fins black. Maximum standard length. 48.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033860FFC1FC3CFBC929580708.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin, in Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033860FFC1FC3CFBC929580708.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Diapoma guarani was identified as Hyphessobrycon sp. by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Thomaz et al. (2015), in a molecular phylogeny of the Stevardiinae, proposed a new classification where the species of Cyanocharax Malabarba, Weitzman, 2003 and Hyphessobrycon guarani were reallocated to Diapoma Cope, 1894.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386FFFC1FF1FFEAB2E4F04A9.taxon	description	Fig. 11	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386FFFC1FF1FFEAB2E4F04A9.taxon	description	Body elongate; greatest body depth contained 3.5 to 4.0, caudal peduncle depth 9.7 to 12.4 times in SL; head length 3.9 to 4.5, predorsal distance 1.8 to 2.0, and caudal peduncle length 6.8 to 7.4 in SL; snout length 3.5 to 3.9, horizontal orbital diameter 1.8 to 2.3, and least interorbital width 2.5 to 3.2 times in HL. Mouth terminal; inner row of premaxilla with 4, outer row with 4 - 5, dentary with 8 - 9 and maxilla with 2 - 3 teeth. Lateral line with 35 - 39 scales; transverse series above lateral line with 4 ½ - 5 ½ scales above and below with 3 - 4 ½ scale rows. Dorsal fin with 10, pectoral fin with 14 - 15, pelvic fin with 8 - 9, anal with 22 - 24, and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color silvery to pale yellow; silvery longitudinal band (dark-brown in preserved specimens), from humeral spot to median caudal-fin rays; dark-brown, transversely elongate, humeral spot. Yellowish fins; reddish during reproductive period (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 54.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386FFFC1FF1FFEAB2E4F04A9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paraná-Paraguay system, rio São Francisco and coastal drainages of Southeastern Brazil.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386EFFC0FF66FF2A2A1B02E9.taxon	description	Fig. 11	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386EFFC0FF66FF2A2A1B02E9.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 4.0 to 4.2 and caudal peduncle depth 10.6 to 11.8 times in SL; head length 4.6 to 4.8, predorsal distance 2.1 to 2.2, and caudal peduncle length 6.8 to 7.4; snout length 3.6 to 4.0, horizontal orbital diameter 2.0 to 2.5 and interorbital distance 2.5 to 2.8 in HL. Mouth terminal; inner row of premaxilla with 4 teeth, outer row with 5 teeth; dentary with 9 or 10 teeth, and maxilla with 2 teeth. Lateral line with 36 - 38 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 4 rows and below with 3. Dorsal fin with 11 or 12, pectoral fin with 14 or 15, pelvic fin 9, anal fin with 20 - 22, and caudal with 19 rays. Ground color silvery to yellowish; silvery longitudinal band (brown or grey in preserved specimens), from humeral spot to caudal peduncle; black oval, vertically elongated, humeral spot. Caudal fin yellowish or oranged; remaining fins hyaline, with dusky border (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 84.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386EFFC0FF66FF2A2A1B02E9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río de la Plata basin and rio São Francisco basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386EFFC0FF66FF2A2A1B02E9.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Piabarchus stramineus was identified as B. stramineus by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Thomaz et al. (2015), in a molecular phylogeny of the Stevardiinae, proposed the new combination.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386EFFC0FEB6FA882EFB0728.taxon	description	Fig. 11	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386EFFC0FEB6FA882EFB0728.taxon	description	Body elongate; greatest body depth contained 3.8 to 4.3, caudal peduncle depth 9.2 to 11.1 times in SL; head length 3.5 to 4.1 and predorsal distance 1.9 to 2.1 in SL; snout length 3.2 to 3.7, horizontal orbital diameter 2.8 to 3.4, and least interorbital width 3.3 to 3.7 times in HL. Mouth subterminal; outer row of premaxilla with 2 - 3, median row with 2 and inner row with 4, dentary with 6 - 7 and maxilla with 2 or 3 teeth. Lateral line complete, with 37 - 39 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 5 scales above and below with 3 - 4 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 10, pectoral fin with 12 - 13, pelvic fin with 9, anal with 18 - 21, and caudal fin with 19 rays (Vari, Harold, 2001). Ground color silvery to pale yellow; black humeral spot, with irregular limits; dark-brown longitudinal band, from humeral spot to median caudal-fin rays. Hyaline fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 74.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386EFFC0FEB6FA882EFB0728.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río de la Plata and rio São Francisco basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386EFFC0FCFDFE4B2F98028B.taxon	description	Fig. 11	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386EFFC0FCFDFE4B2F98028B.taxon	description	Body elongate; greatest body depth contained 3.9 to 5.4, caudal peduncle depth 7.1 to 10.0 times in SL; head length 3.9 to 4.6, predorsal distance 1.8 to 1.9, and caudal peduncle length 7.0 to 10.3 in SL; snout length 3.3 to 4.5, horizontal orbital diameter 2.4 to 2.8, and least interorbital width 2.8 to 4.3 times in HL. Mouth terminal; outer row of premaxilla with 3, inner row with 4; maxilla with 2 teeth. Lateral line complete, with 38 - 42 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 5 scales above and below with 4 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 10, pectoral fin with 10 - 12, pelvic fin with 7, anal with 19 - 24, and caudal fin with 19 rays (Menezes et al., 2003). Ground color silvery to pale yellow; dark-brown longitudinal stripe from humeral region to caudal fin, forming irregular spot on base of median rays (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 40.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386EFFC0FCFDFE4B2F98028B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386EFFC3FC29F98F2947056A.taxon	description	Fig. 12	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386EFFC3FC29F98F2947056A.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 3.9 to 4.0 and caudal peduncle depth 7.8 to 8.5 times in SL; head length 4.2, predorsal distance 2.1 to 2.4 and caudal peduncle length 4.9 to 6.0 in SL; snout length 3.8 to 3.9, horizontal orbital diameter 4.4 to 4.8 and least interorbital width 5.3 to 5.9 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla with 6 or 7, dentary with 8 - 10 and maxilla with no teeth. Isthmus without scales. Lateral line with 34 or 35 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 4 scale rows and below with 2 or 2 ½ scale rows. Dorsal fin with 11 rays, pectoral fin with 11 - 13 rays, pelvic fin and anal fin with 8 or 9 rays, and caudal fin with 18 rays. Ground color brown; three dark-brown longitudinal stripes on dorsal region of body; dark-brown stripe from tip of snout to orbit; dark-brown longitudinal stripe on flank, from humeral spot caudal peduncle; darkbrown transverse bars on flank, conspicuous on caudal peduncle; dark-brown spot at base of median caudal-fin rays. Hyaline fins; dorsal fin with two dark-brown oblique stripes; adipose fin with distal portion darkened; posterior half of pectoral, pelvic and anal-fin rays darkened; caudal fin with two dark-brown transverse bars. Maximum standard length. 56.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386EFFC3FC29F98F2947056A.taxon	description	Biological data. Feeding habit omnivorous with tendency to insectivory, and lives in rocks bottom with stronger current (Ferreira, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386EFFC3FC29F98F2947056A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386DFFC3FED8F92F2E100569.taxon	description	Fig. 12	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386DFFC3FED8F92F2E100569.taxon	description	Body moderately deep; greatest body depth contained 3.4 to 4.0 and caudal peduncle depth 8.0 to 10.4 times in SL; head length 3.1 to 3.7, predorsal distance 1.9 to 2.1 and caudal peduncle length 6.3 to 7.5 in SL; snout length 3.6 to 4.5, horizontal orbital diameter 2.3 to 3.2 and least interorbital width 2.8 to 4.0 in HL. Mouth terminal; isthmus covered by scales; premaxilla with 7 - 9, dentary with 8 - 11 and maxilla toothless. Lateral line incomplete, with 9 - 12 pored scales; longitudinal series with 29 - 34 scales; transverse series above lateral line with 4 - 4 ½ scale rows and below with 3 - 3 ½ scale rows. Dorsal fin with 10 - 12, pectoral fin with 14, pelvic fin and anal fins with 7 - 9 rays, and caudal fin with 18 - 19 rays. Ground color pale yellow; dark-brown longitudinal stripe, occasionally inconspicuous, from humeral spot to caudal peduncle; nine to 10 dark-brown transverse bars; black spot on the base of median caudal-fin rays. Hyaline fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 32.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386DFFC3FED8F92F2E100569.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná floodplain and left-bank tributaries of the rio Paraná in the State of Paraná.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386DFFC3FF56FC482AEB00CC.taxon	description	Fig. 12	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386DFFC3FF56FC482AEB00CC.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 3.9 to 4.8 and caudal peduncle depth 8.9 to 11.1 times in SL; head length 4.4 to 4.8, predorsal distance 2.2 to 2.4 and caudal peduncle length 8.5 to 9.7 in SL; snout length 3.6 to 3.9, horizontal orbital diameter 3.5 to 4.4 and least interorbital width 4.6 to 5.1 in HL. Mouth terminal; isthmus covered by scales; premaxilla with 9, dentary with 10 - 11 teeth and maxilla toothless. Lateral line with 34 - 37 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 4 scale rows and below with 3 ½ - 4 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 11, pectoral fin with 13 - 14, pelvic fin with 9, anal fin with 9 rays, and caudal fin with 18 - 19 rays. Ground color pale yellow; dark-brown longitudinal stripe from humeral spot to caudal peduncle; eight to 10 dark-brown transverse bars on flank; black spot on the base of median caudal-fin rays. Hyaline fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 70.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386DFFC3FF56FC482AEB00CC.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Amazon and río Essequibo basins and coastal drainages of Guiana Shield.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386DFFC3FCD5FB692F8001AE.taxon	description	Fig. 12	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386DFFC3FCD5FB692F8001AE.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 2.4 to 2.9 and caudal peduncle depth 6.6 to 7.7 times in SL; head length 3.2 to 3.7, predorsal distance 1.9 to 2.1 and caudal peduncle length 10.7 to 10.9 in SL; snout length 3.0 to 3.7, horizontal orbital diameter 3.1 to 3.8 and least interorbital width 2.2 to 2.5 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla, dentary and maxilla without teeth in adults. Lateral line with 31 - 36 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 5 ½ - 7 scale rows and below with 4 ½ - 6 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 11 or 12, pectoral fin with 14 - 16, pelvic fin with 9 or 10, anal fin with 8 or 9 and caudal fin with 19 rays (Vari, 1992). Ground color silvery; dark-brown inconspicuous longitudinal band along lateral line to distal margin of median caudal-fin rays, larger on caudal peduncle. Hyaline fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 132.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386DFFC3FCD5FB692F8001AE.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386CFFC2FF61FF6A2F9807A9.taxon	description	Fig. 12	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386CFFC2FF61FF6A2F9807A9.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 3.0 to 3.4 and caudal peduncle depth 7.7 to 8.3 times in SL; head length 3.3 to 3.7, predorsal distance 2.0 to 2.2 and caudal peduncle length 10.3 to 10.7 in SL; snout length 3.1 to 3.4, horizontal orbital diameter 3.3 to 4.0 and least interorbital width 2.6 to 2.8 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla, dentary and maxilla without teeth in adults. Lateral line with 39 - 45 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 7 ½ - 9 scale rows and below with 6 ½ - 7 ½ scale rows. Dorsal fin with 11 or 12, pectoral fin with 13 - 15, pelvic fin with 9 or 10, anal fin with 8 or 9 and caudal fin with 19 rays (Vari, 1992). Ground color silvery; dark-brown inconspicuous longitudinal band along lateral line to distal margin of median caudal-fin rays, larger on caudal peduncle. Hyaline fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 165.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386CFFC2FF61FF6A2F9807A9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386BFFC5FC3AFEF52F1F0228.taxon	description	Fig. 12	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386BFFC5FC3AFEF52F1F0228.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 5.2 to 6.1 and caudal peduncle depth 16.1 to 17.3 times in SL; head length 4.8 to 5.3, predorsal distance 1.3 to 1.4 and caudal peduncle length 11.9 to 14.0 in SL; snout length 3.5 to 3.7, horizontal orbital diameter 4.6 to 4.7 and least interorbital width 6.1 to 6.2 in HL. Mouth superior, its cleft oblique; premaxilla with 14 - 16, dentary with 21 - 23 and maxilla with 15 - 17 teeth. Lateral line with 142 - 145 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 16 - 21 scale rows and below with 13 - 16 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 14, pectoral fin with 17 or 18, pelvic fin with 9, anal fin with 40 - 45, and caudal fin with 19 rays (Toledo-Piza, 2000). Ground color silvery. Pectoral, pelvic and anal fins yellowish; dorsal and caudal fins hyaline (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 780.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386BFFC5FC3AFEF52F1F0228.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río Orinoco, drainages of Guyana, Amazon and río de la Plata basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386BFFC5FE9AFF6A29D0028A.taxon	description	Fig. 12	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386BFFC5FE9AFF6A29D0028A.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 2.6 to 3.2 and caudal peduncle depth 6.6 to 8.3 times in SL; head length 3.1 to 3.7, predorsal distance 1.9 to 2.1 and caudal peduncle length 8.3 to 9.3 in SL; snout length 2.9 to 3.7, horizontal orbital diameter 2.8 to 3.6 and least interorbital width 2.2 to 2.6 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla, dentary and maxilla without teeth in adults. Lateral line with 33 - 37 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 5 ½ - 6 ½ scale rows and below with 4 ½ - 5 ½ scale rows. Dorsal fin with 10 - 12, pectoral fin with 11 - 14, pelvic fin with 9, anal fin with 9 or 10 and caudal fin with 19 rays (Vari, 1991). Ground color silvery; black conspicuous longitudinal stripe along lateral line to distal margin of median caudalfin rays, larger on caudal peduncle. Yellowish fins; dorsal fin black blotch on the base of median rays, sometimes little conspicuous (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 160.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386BFFC5FE9AFF6A29D0028A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río de la Plata basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386BFFC5FE9AFF6A29D0028A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Steindachnerina brevipinna is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná, and its occurrence can be associated with the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the consequent inundation of the Sete Quedas Falls.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386BFFC5FF11FB69294701AB.taxon	description	Fig. 12	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386BFFC5FF11FB69294701AB.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 2.9 to 3.4 and caudal peduncle depth 7.7 to 9.1 times in SL; head length 3.2 to 3.7, predorsal distance 2.0 to 2.2 and caudal peduncle length 9.1 to 9.7 in SL; snout length 3.0 to 3.4, horizontal orbital diameter 3.0 to 3.4 and least interorbital width 2.4 to 2.6 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla, dentary and maxilla without teeth in adults. Lateral line with 34 - 40 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 6 ½ - 7 ½ scale rows and below with 4 ½ - 5 ½ scale rows. Dorsal fin with 11, pectoral fin with 12 - 15, pelvic fin with 9, anal fin with 9 or 10 and caudal fin with 19 rays (Vari, 1991). Ground color silvery; black conspicuous longitudinal stripe along lateral line to distal margin of median caudal-fin rays, larger on caudal peduncle. Yellowish fins; dorsal fin with few scattered black chromatophores (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 144.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386BFFC5FF11FB69294701AB.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386BFFC4FCDAFB0B29380789.taxon	description	Fig. 13	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386BFFC4FCDAFB0B29380789.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 3.5 to 5.0 and caudal peduncle depth 2.0 to 4.0 times in SL; head length 3.1 to 3.5, predorsal distance 1.2 to 1.7 and caudal peduncle length 10.0 to 12.1 in SL; snout length 2.6 to 3.0, horizontal orbital diameter 1.8 to 4.3 and least interorbital width 2.5 to 2.7 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla with 8 - 10, dentary with 32 - 36 and maxilla with 30 - 33 teeth. Lateral line with 28 or 29 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 3 - 4 scale rows and below with 3 or 2 ½ scale rows. Dorsal fin with 12, pectoral fin with 15, pelvic fin with 8, anal fin with 10 and caudal fin with 19 rays (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Ground color pale brown, dorsal regions darker than ventral; dark-brown rounded blotch, when present, on humeral region. Fins with darkbrown spots, sometimes fused forming irregular transverse stripes, especially on dorsal and caudal fins. Maximum standard length. 200.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386BFFC4FCDAFB0B29380789.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Coastal rivers of Northern South America, río Orinoco and Amazon basins, Paraná-Paraguay system (Eschmeyer et al., 2017).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386BFFC4FCDAFB0B29380789.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Erythrinus erythrinus is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná, and its occurrence can be associated with its introduction as a live bait by anglers.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386AFFC4FF7FFE2A295E0009.taxon	description	Fig. 13	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386AFFC4FF7FFE2A295E0009.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 4.2 to 4.7 and caudal peduncle depth 6.3 to 6.6 times in SL; head length 3.1 to 3.2, predorsal distance 1.8 to 2.0 and caudal peduncle length 8.4 to 8.6 in SL; snout length 4.0 to 4.3, horizontal orbital diameter 5.2 to 5.7 and least interorbital width 2.6 to 2.7 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla with 8 - 10, dentary with 35 - 38 and maxilla with 32 - 36 teeth. Lateral line with 35 - 39 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 3 ½ scale rows and below with 3 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 11, pectoral fin with 14 or 15, pelvic fin with 8, anal fin with 13 or 14 and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color brown, dorsal regions darker than the ventral; dark-brown rounded blotch on opercle rounded blotch; dark-brown longitudinal band, from opercle to caudal-fin base. Dark-grey fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 260.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386AFFC4FF7FFE2A295E0009.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río Orinoco, río Magdalena, Amazon and rio São Franciso basins, Paraná-Paraguay system and coastal rivers of Panamá and Northern South America (Eschmeyer et al., 2017).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386AFFC4FF7FFE2A295E0009.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná, and its occurrence can be associated with its introduction as a live bait by anglers, or with the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the consequent inundation of the Sete Quedas Falls.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386AFFC4FC16FE4A2EDB038B.taxon	description	Fig. 13	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386AFFC4FC16FE4A2EDB038B.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 3.6 to 4.2, caudal peduncle depth 6.9 to 9.3 times in SL; head length 3.2 to 3.6, predorsal distance 1.8 to 2.0 and caudal peduncle length 7.8 to 10.8; snout length 3.6 to 4.3, horizontal orbital diameter 5.5 to 12.3 and least interorbital width 3.1 to 4.6 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla with 10; dentary with 35 - 37 and maxilla with 30 - 34 teeth. Lateral line with 43 - 45 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 5 or 5 ½ scale rows and below with 4 ½ or 5 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 12 - 15, pectoral fin with 13 or 14 rays, pelvic fin with 8, anal fin with 10 - 12 rays and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color brown; dark-brown longitudinal band over lateral line, sometimes inconspicuous; four dark-brown transverse bars. Fins with scattered dark-brown spots, sometimes forming dark-brown irregular stripes (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 320.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386AFFC4FC16FE4A2EDB038B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio São Francisco, upper rio Doce and upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386AFFC4FC16FE4A2EDB038B.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Hoplias intermedius was identified as Hoplias sp. (lacerdae group) by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Oyakawa, Mattox (2009), in a revisionary study of the Neotropical Hoplias lacerdae Miranda-Ribeiro, 1918 species-group, validated and designated a lectotype for H. intermedius.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386AFFC7FCDCFA6E2EE90488.taxon	description	Fig. 13	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386AFFC7FCDCFA6E2EE90488.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 4.5 to 5.2, caudal peduncle depth 7.2 to 8.3 times in SL; head length 2.9 to 3.6, predorsal distance 2.0 to 2.3 and caudal peduncle length 6.8 to 9.4 in SL; snout length 3.5 to 4.0, horizontal orbital diameter 5.8 to 7.5 and least interorbital width 3.6 to 4.3 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla with 8, dentary with 2 rows of teeth, outer row with 13 - 15 and inner row with 13 - 16; maxilla with 30 - 40 teeth. Lateral line with 41 - 43 pored scales; series between lateral lines with 13 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 14 or 15, pectoral fin with 11 - 14, pelvic fin with 8 or 9, anal fin with 9 - 11 and caudal fin with 19 rays (Azpelicueta et al., 2015; Bifi, 2013). Ground color pale brown; dark-brown longitudinal band, from opercle to caudal peduncle. Some specimens with darkbrown stripes radiating ventrally and posteriorly from orbit through infraorbitals; ventral surface of dentary with lightbeige stripes alternating with dark-brown stripes. Fins with dark-brown spots, sometimes forming dark-brown stripes parallel with fin base. Maximum standard length. 293.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386AFFC7FCDCFA6E2EE90488.taxon	biology_ecology	Biological data. See Hoplias sp. 1 of Graça, Pavanelli (2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386AFFC7FCDCFA6E2EE90488.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103386AFFC7FCDCFA6E2EE90488.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Hoplias mbigua was identified as Hoplias sp. 1 by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Azpelicueta et al. (2015) described the new species only from the lower río Paraná basin, in Argentina; however, the occurrence of H. mbigua in the upper rio Paraná floodplain has been reported since the submersion of the Sete Quedas Falls by the Itaipu Reservoir (e. g. Bertollo et al., 2000; Pazza, Júlio Júnior, 2003; Graça, Pavanelli, 2007; Júlio Júnior et al., 2009; Bifi, 2013). Additionally, Bifi (2013), in a revisionary study of the Hoplias malabaricus (Bloch, 1794) species group from the río de la Plata basin, provided further useful diagnostic features for this species (identified as Hoplias sp. A). Hoplias mbigua is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná, and its occurrence can be associated with the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the consequent inundation of the Sete Quedas Falls (Júlio Júnior et al., 2009).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033868FFC6FECCFA692F980789.taxon	description	Fig. 13	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033868FFC6FECCFA692F980789.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 4.4 to 4.8, caudal peduncle depth 7.6 to 8.0 times in SL; head length 3.2 to 3.4, predorsal distance 2.1 to 2.3 and caudal peduncle length 7.5 to 7.7 in SL; snout length 3.1 to 3.5, horizontal orbital diameter 5.6 to 6.2 and least interorbital width 3.1 to 3.5 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla with 8 - 10; dentary with 30 - 33; maxilla with 31 - 36 teeth. Lateral line with 42 - 44 pored scales; series between lateral lines with 11 or 12 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 13, pectoral fin with 13 or 14, pelvic fin with 8, anal fin with 8 - 11 rays and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color pale brown; dark-brown longitudinal band, from opercle to caudal peduncle; several dark-brown irregular transverse bars. Fins with dark-brown spots, sometimes forming darkbrown stripes parallel with fin base (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 263.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033868FFC6FECCFA692F980789.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033868FFC6FB90FE6828EA02AB.taxon	description	Fig. 13	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033868FFC6FB90FE6828EA02AB.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 4.7 to 4.8, caudal peduncle depth 7.8 to 9.0 times in SL; head length 3.2 to 3.3, predorsal distance 2.1 to 2.2 and caudal peduncle length 7.8 to 9.0 in SL; snout length 4.0 to 4.2, horizontal orbital diameter 5.1 to 5.4 and least interorbital width 4.0 to 4.2 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla with 8 - 10; dentary with 30 - 35; maxilla with 32 - 36 teeth. Lateral line with 40 - 42 pored scales; series between lateral lines with 113 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 13, pectoral fin with 13 or 14, pelvic fin with 8, anal fin with 8 - 11 rays and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color pale brown; dark-brown longitudinal band, from opercle to caudal peduncle; several dark-brown irregular transverse bars. Fins with dark-brown spots, sometimes forming darkbrown stripes parallel with fin base (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 190.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033868FFC6FB90FE6828EA02AB.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río Paraná, rio Iguaçu and río Uruguay basins (Bifi, 2013).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033868FFC6FF37FF6A2A7E038A.taxon	description	Fig. 13	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033868FFC6FF37FF6A2A7E038A.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 3.4 to 4.9, caudal peduncle depth 5.9 to 8.3 times in SL; head length 2.9 to 3.3, predorsal distance 1.8 to 2.1 and caudal peduncle length 7.1 to 10.0; snout length 3.4 to 4.9, horizontal orbital diameter 3.6 to 6.8 and least interorbital width 2.9 to 4.6 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla with 10; dentary with 2 rows of teeth, outer row with 10 or 11 and inner row with 14 - 16; maxilla with 30 - 49 teeth. Lateral line with 39 - 43 pored scales; series between lateral lines with 11 - 13 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 14 - 16, pectoral fin with 11 - 14, pelvic fin with 8 or 9, anal fin with 9 - 11 and caudal fin with 19 rays (Bifi, 2013; Rosso et al., 2016). Ground color pale brown; darkbrown longitudinal band, from opercle to caudal peduncle. Some specimens with dark-brown stripes radiating ventrally and posteriorly from orbit through infraorbitals; ventral surface of dentary with light-beige stripes alternating with dark-brown stripes. Fins dark-brown spots, forming darkbrown irregular stripes. Maximum standard length. 290.5 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033868FFC6FF37FF6A2A7E038A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río de la Plata system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033868FFC6FF37FF6A2A7E038A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Hoplias misionera has been captured in the upper rio Paraná floodplain since 2008 by the Nupélia staff. Additionally, Bifi (2013), in a revisionary study of the H. malabaricus species group from the río de la Plata basin, provided further useful diagnostic features for this species (identified as Hoplias sp. D). Hoplias misionera is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná, and its occurrence can be associated with the functioning of the Canal da Piracema (a fish ladder that connects the region downstream from the Itaipu Dam to the region upstream from the dam).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033868FFD9FCEEFA8E295807E9.taxon	description	Fig. 13	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033868FFD9FCEEFA8E295807E9.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 3.7 to 4.8 and caudal peduncle depth 10.0 to 12.8 times in SL; head length 3.6 to 4.6, predorsal distance 2.2 to 2.4 and caudal peduncle length 6.0 to 7.2 in SL; snout length 3.0 to 3.6, horizontal orbital diameter 3.2 to 4.0 and least interorbital width 2.0 to 3.2 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla with 9, dentary and maxilla with no teeth. Lateral line with 85 - 97 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 18 - 21 scale rows and below with 8 - 11 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 11 or 12, pectoral fin with 16 - 18, pelvic fin and anal fin with 10 or 11 and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color silvery; black rounded or oval, horizontally elongated, blotch approximately on vertical through end of dorsal fin. Hyaline fins, except caudal fin, with dark-brown oblique stripe on each lobe (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 230.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033868FFD9FCEEFA8E295807E9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033868FFD9FCEEFA8E295807E9.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Hemiodus orthonops is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná and its occurrence can be associated with the functioning of the Canal da Piracema (a fish ladder that connects the region downstream from the Itaipu Dam to the region upstream from the dam).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033877FFD9FF0DFD4B2E340429.taxon	description	Fig. 14	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033877FFD9FF0DFD4B2E340429.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 4.3 to 4.6 and caudal peduncle depth 7.6 to 10.0 times in SL; head length 3.7 to 4.1, predorsal distance 1.5 to 1.7 and caudal peduncle length 5.5 to 6.3 in SL; snout length 3.1 to 3.7, horizontal orbital diameter 2.6 to 2.9 and least interorbital width 2.6 to 2.7 in HL. Mouth terminal; inner row of premaxilla with 9 - 12, outer row with 4 - 6, inner row of dentary with 8 - 12, outer row with 4 - 5 and maxilla with 1 or 2 teeth. Longitudinal series with 20 - 25 scales; transverse series with 6 - 8 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 9 or 10, pectoral fin with 11 or 12, pelvic fin with 9 or 10, anal fin with 10 or 11 and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color pale brown; darkbrown longitunal stripe, from anterior portion of dentary, through orbit, to opercle. Yellowish fins; black irregular blotch on dorsal fin. Some specimens can present few or several black blotches on body (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 33.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033877FFD9FF0DFD4B2E340429.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río de la Plata and rio Guaporé basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033876FFD8FF55FF6A297C020A.taxon	description	Fig. 14	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033876FFD8FF55FF6A297C020A.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 3.2 to 5.4 and caudal peduncle depth 8.2 to 10.8 times in SL; head length 3.8 to 4.9, predorsal distance 1.9 to 2.2 and caudal peduncle length 7.0 to 12.1 in SL; snout length 2.6 to 3.6, horizontal orbital diameter 3.1 to 4.6, least interorbital width 2.3 to 3.4 and dentary width 3.7 to 5.9 in HL. Mouth subterminal; premaxilla with 4 or 5, maxilla with 2 or 3 and dentary with no teeth. Lateral line with 39 - 46 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 4 ½ or 5 scale rows and below with 3 or 4 ½ scale rows. Dorsal fin with 10 - 13, pectoral fin with 11 - 14, pelvic fin with 7 - 9, anal fin with 7 or 8 rays and caudal fin with 18 or 19 rays (Pavanelli, 1999). Ground color silvery to pale yellow; black longitudinal band along lateral line, from opercle to median caudal-fin rays, without adjacent brown or grey blotches downwards; six to eight dark-brown transverse bars above longitudinal band. Hyaline fins or with few scattered brown cromathophores (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 151.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033876FFD8FF55FF6A297C020A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033876FFD8FF7AFBE8285A018C.taxon	description	Fig. 14	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033876FFD8FF7AFBE8285A018C.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 3.4 to 5.2 and caudal peduncle depth 6.9 to 9.9 times in SL; head length 3.9 to 5.0, predorsal distance 2.0 to 2.2 and caudal peduncle length 7.3 to 13.6 in SL; snout length 2.7 to 3.4, horizontal orbital diameter 3.2 to 4.8, least interorbital width 2.3 to 3.4 and dentary width 3.7 to 5.9 in HL. Mouth subterminal; premaxilla with 4, maxilla with 1 or 2 and dentary with no teeth. Lateral line with 39 - 46 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 4 ½ or 5 scale rows and below with 3 or 4 ½ scale rows. Dorsal fin with 10 - 13, pectoral fin with 11 - 14, pelvic fin with 7 - 9, anal fin with 7 or 8 and caudal fin with 18 or 19 rays (Pavanelli, 1999). Ground color silvery to pale yellow; black longitudinal band along lateral line, from opercle to median caudal-fin rays, without adjacent brown or grey blotches downwards; six to eight dark-brown transverse bars above longitudinal band. Hyaline fins or with few scattered brown cromathophores (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 165.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033876FFD8FF7AFBE8285A018C.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná and rio São Francisco basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033876FFD8FC05FF6A2EF60207.taxon	description	Fig. 14	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033876FFD8FC05FF6A2EF60207.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 3.9 to 4.7 and caudal peduncle depth 6.9 to 8.8 times in SL; head length 4.3 to 4.8, predorsal distance 2.0 to 2.2 and caudal peduncle length 6.3 to 9.0 in SL; snout length 2.7 to 3.1, horizontal orbital diameter 3.8 to 4.6 snout length 2.6 to 3.1, horizontal orbital diameter 3.8 to 4.6, least interorbital width 2.6 to 3.1 and dentary width 5.0 to 6.3 in HL. Mouth subterminal; premaxilla with 4, maxilla with 1 and dentary with no teeth. Lateral line with 37 - 39 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 4 ½ scale rows and below with 3 or 4 ½ scale rows. Dorsal fin with 11 or 12, pectoral fin with 14 or 15, pelvic fin with 8 or 9, anal fin with 7 and caudal fin with 19 rays (Pavanelli, 1999). Ground color silvery to pale yellow; black longitudinal band along lateral line, from opercle to median caudal-fin rays, without adjacent brown or grey blotches downwards; six to eight dark-brown transverse bars above longitudinal band. Hyaline fins or with few scattered brown cromathophores (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 113.4 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033876FFD8FC05FF6A2EF60207.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná, rio Piquiri and rio Ivaí basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033876FFD8FC6CFBAA2F88018A.taxon	description	Fig. 14	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033876FFD8FC6CFBAA2F88018A.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 3.5 to 4.6 and caudal peduncle depth 7.0 to 8.5 times in SL; head length 4.2 to 5.0, predorsal distance 1.9 to 2.4 and caudal peduncle length 7.4 to 10.8 in SL; snout length 2.3 to 2.9, horizontal orbital diameter 3.4 to 4.9, least interorbital width 2.3 to 2.7 and dentary width 3.8 to 5.1 in HL. Mouth subterminal; premaxilla with 4, dentary with 2 - 4 and maxilla with 2 teeth. Lateral line with 35 - 39 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 4 ½ scale rows and below with 3 or 3 ½ scale rows. Dorsal fin with 11 or 12, pectoral fin with 13 - 16, pelvic fin with 8 or 9, anal fin with 8 or 9 and caudal fin with 19 rays (Pavanelli, 1999). Ground color pale brown dorsally and pale yellow ventrally; black longitudinal band along lateral line, from opercle to median caudal-fin rays, with projections upwards and downwards, conferring zigzag pattern. Hyaline or yellowish (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 117.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033876FFD8FC6CFBAA2F88018A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033875FFDBFF5CFAEB2F30044A.taxon	description	Fig. 15	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033875FFDBFF5CFAEB2F30044A.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 1.8 to 1.9 and caudal peduncle depth 8.5 to 9.0 times in SL; head length 2.9 to 3.1, predorsal distance 1.5 to 1.7 and caudal peduncle length 8.5 to 9.1 in SL; snout length 3.1 to 3.4, horizontal orbital diameter 5.2 to 5.6 and least interorbital width 1.8 to 2.1 in HL. Mouth terminal; inner row of premaxilla with 2, outer row with 5; inner row of dentary with 3 - 4, outer with 6 teeth; maxilla toothless. Lateral line complete, with 73 - 88 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 44 - 50 scale rows and below with 45 - 50 scale rows. Ventral keel with 42 - 44 unpaired spines, followed by 6 pairs of spines. Dorsal fin with 14 - 16, pectoral fin with 12 - 15, pelvic fin with 8 - 9, anal fin with 22 - 25, and caudal fin with 19 rays (Parron, 2001). Ground color brown, pale- yellowish abdominally; ventral portion of body (except abdomen) covered by large irregular patch of dark-grey pigmentation. Dark-grey fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 280.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033875FFDBFF5CFAEB2F30044A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río Orinoco and Amazon basins (introduced elsewhere).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033875FFDBFF5CFAEB2F30044A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Colossoma macropomum is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná and its occurrence can be associated with fish-farming.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033875FFDBFC14FD692FE1016C.taxon	description	Fig. 15	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033875FFDBFC14FD692FE1016C.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 1.3 to 1.5 and caudal peduncle depth 9.2 to 9.6 times in SL; head length 3.7 to 3.8, predorsal distance 1.4 to 1.6 and caudal peduncle length 17.4 to 20.0 in SL; snout length 2.6 to 3.6, horizontal orbital diameter 2.2 to 2.9 and least interorbital width 2.3 to 2.6 in HL. Mouth terminal; inner row of premaxilla with 4, outer row with 2; inner dentary row with 1, outer with 4; maxilla toothless. Lateral line complete, with 82 - 84 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 30 - 43 scale rows and below with 36 - 38 scale rows. Ventral keel with 30 - 33 simple spines, plus 3 - 5 slighlty bufurcate spines. Dorsal fin with 15 - 16, pectoral fin with 14 - 16, pelvic fin with 7, anal fin with 24 - 27, and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color silvery; black rounded humeral spot with diffuse limits; several deep-lying black spots over body; during reproductive period, several patches or stripes of red pigmentation appear mainly on ventral portion of body. Pectoral fin red, pelvic fin black in males and red in females; dorsal fin with black blotch and sparse patches of red pigmentation; anal fin hyaline; caudal fin hyaline, except for dark-grey margin (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 170.2 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033875FFDBFC14FD692FE1016C.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Drainages of Venezuela and French Guiana, Amazon basin, drainages of Northeastern Brasil, rio São Francisco and upper rio Paraná basins (Ota, 2015).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033875FFDBFC14FD692FE1016C.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Metynnis lippincottianus is a possible non-native species from the upper rio Paraná, and its occurrence can be associated with the releasing of specimens for restocking, or with the aquarium trade (Ota, 2015).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033875FFDBFF6BFEEB2BAF028B.taxon	description	Fig. 14	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033875FFDBFF6BFEEB2BAF028B.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 2.2 to 3.3 and caudal peduncle depth 10.7 to 14.6 times in SL; head length 2.7 to 4.3, predorsal distance 1.9 to 2.4 and caudal peduncle length 10.6 to 15.6 in SL; snout length 2.1 to 3.1, horizontal orbital diameter 3.3 to 6.6 and least interorbital width 1.7 to 2.1 in HL. Mouth terminal, with broad lips; upper lip with 95 teeth in the outer series, 13 - 25 in the inner series, lower lip with 75 teeth in the outer series, 9 - 10 in the inner series, maxilla toothless. Lateral line complete, with 44 - 50 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 7 - 10 scale rows and below with 6 - 9 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 12 - 13, pectoral fin with 14 - 19, pelvic fin with 8 - 9, anal fin with 10 - 12 and caudal fin with 19 rays (Castro, Vari, 2004 b). Ground color silvery, darker dorsally. Dorsal fin pale grey; pelvic fin reddish-yellow; remaining fins dark-gray (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 542.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033875FFDBFF6BFEEB2BAF028B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paraná-Paraguay system and rio Paraíba do Sul basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033873FFDDFF54FF2A297405EB.taxon	description	Fig. 15	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033873FFDDFF54FF2A297405EB.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 1.2 to 1.6 and caudal peduncle depth 7.4 to 10.2 times in SL; head length 3.0 to 4.0, predorsal distance 1.5 to 1.7 and caudal peduncle length 10.9 to 12.0 in SL; snout length 2.6 to 3.4, horizontal orbital diameter 2.5 to 3.9 and least interorbital width 2.0 to 2.4 in HL. Mouth terminal; inner row of premaxilla with 4, outer row with 2; inner dentary row with 1, outer with 4; maxilla toothless. Lateral line complete, with 64 - 80 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 24 - 30 scale rows and below with 30 - 39 scale rows. Ventral keel with 43 - 45 simple spines, plus 6 pairs of spines. Dorsal fin with 24 - 27, pectoral fin with 14 or 15, pelvic fin with 9, anal fin with 31 - 38, and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color silvery. Dorsal, pectoral, pelvic and caudal fins hyaline; anal fin reddish with distal margin black (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 262.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033873FFDDFF54FF2A297405EB.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033873FFDDFF60FB882974018B.taxon	description	Fig. 15	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033873FFDDFF60FB882974018B.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 1.5 to 2.0 and caudal peduncle depth 8.8 to 8.9 times in SL; head length 2.7 to 4.2, predorsal distance 1.6 to 1.7 and caudal peduncle length 8.8 to 9.4 in SL; snout length 2.9 to 3.3, horizontal orbital diameter 5.2 to 5.5 and least interorbital width 1.9 to 2.1 in HL. Mouth terminal; inner row of premaxilla with 2, outer row with 6 - 8; inner dentary row with 2, outer with 6; maxilla with 1 or 2 teeth. Lateral line complete, with 107 - 119 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 49 - 54 scale rows and below with 50 - 55 scale rows. Ventral keel with 52 - 54 simple spines, plus 7 pairs of spines. Dorsal fin with 15 or 16, pectoral fin with 14 - 17, pelvic fin with 8 or 9, anal fin with 23 - 25, and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color greyish, darker dorsally. Dorsal and pectoral fins dark-grey; pelvic anal and caudal fins yellowish-orange (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 533.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033873FFDDFF60FB882974018B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033873FFDDFC05FE152E3C02EF.taxon	description	Fig. 15	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033873FFDDFC05FE152E3C02EF.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 1.6 to 1.8 and caudal peduncle depth 8.2 to 9.7 times in SL; head length 2.8 to 3.2, predorsal distance 1.6 to 1.7 and caudal peduncle length 10.5 to 11.4 in SL; snout length 3.7 to 4.6, horizontal orbital diameter 3.5 to 4.5 and least interorbital width 2.6 to 3.0 in HL. Mouth terminal, dentary prognathous; premaxilla with 6, dentary with 7, maxilla with no teeth and palate with 4 - 7 teeth. Lateral line with 69 - 75 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 29 - 33 scale rows and below with 24 - 29 scale rows. Dorsal and pectoral fin with 15 - 17, pelvic fin with 6 or 7, anal fin with 30 - 33 and caudal fin with 19 rays (Jégu, Santos, 2001). Ground color silvery to yellowish; several dark-brown rounded blotches on body. Yellowish fins; unpaired fins with distal margin black, except caudal fin, with hyaline margin, preceded by black transverse bar (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 268.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033873FFDDFC05FE152E3C02EF.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Amazon and Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033873FFDCFCCAFACF295E07C9.taxon	description	Fig. 15	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033873FFDCFCCAFACF295E07C9.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 1.8 to 1.9 and caudal peduncle depth 11.0 to 13.9 times in SL; head length 2.9 to 3.1, predorsal distance 1.7 to 1.8 and caudal peduncle length 13.9 to 14.6 in SL; snout length 4.2 to 4.4, horizontal orbital diameter 3.0 to 3.7 and least interorbital width 3.4 to 4.5 in HL. Mouth terminal, dentary prognathous; premaxilla with 6, dentary with 7, maxilla with no teeth and palate with 4 - 7 teeth. Lateral line with 74 - 79 pored scales; transverse series above and below lateral line with 26 - 30 scale rows. Dorsal and pectoral fin with 15 - 17, pelvic fin with 7, anal fin with 32 - 36 and caudal fin with 19 rays. Ground color silvery; several dark-brown rounded blotches on body. Caudal and anal fins completely or partially black, including thin hyaline distal margin; remaining fins hyaline or yellowish, with few scattered black spots (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 260.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033873FFDCFCCAFACF295E07C9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033873FFDCFCCAFACF295E07C9.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Serrasalmus marginatus is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná. Its occurrence can be associated with the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the consequent inundation of the Sete Quedas Falls.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033872FFDCFC18FD4B2F3A0189.taxon	description	Fig. 16	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033872FFDCFC18FD4B2F3A0189.taxon	description	Body elongated and compressed; greatest depth contained 6.6 to 8.0 times in TL; head length 3.8 to 5.6, anal-fin base length 1.2, caudal-peduncle length 7.3 to 7.5, preanal distance 5.2 to 7.0 and prepectoral distance 4.2 to 5.2 in LEA; snout length 1.6 to 2.2, horizontal orbital diameter 12.5 to 13.2 and least interorbital width 6.2 in HL. Mouth terminal. Pectoral fin with 13 - 18 rays, anal fin with 162 - 220 rays and caudal fin with 17 - 20 rays; transverse series above lateral line with 11 - 15 scale rows (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007; Triques, 2011). Ground color dark-brown dorsally, and pale yellow ventrally; posterior portion of caudal peduncle and caudal-fin base with lightbeige blotch. Caudal fin dark-brown. Maximum total length. 325.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033872FFDCFC18FD4B2F3A0189.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033872FFDCFC18FD4B2F3A0189.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Apteronotus acidops was identified as Apteronotus sp. by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Triques (2011) described the new species from the upper rio Paraná basin. It is noteworthy, however, that not all specimens present the extremely elongate snout characteristic of A. acidops. R. Campos-da-Paz (in an e-mail, rcamposdapaz @ gmail. com, August 2016) re-analyzed the specimen depicted by Graça, Pavanelli (2007: 191; wrongly referenced as NUP 1750, in fact NUP 2701) and confirmed it as A. acidops. This specimen and another (NUP 2978) are typically long snouted. In contrast, some other specimens present morphometric values that are apparently intermediate between A. acidops and A. brasiliensis (see Triques, 2011). Rather than admitting the existence of both species in the upper rio Paraná floodplain, the range of some morphometric values in A. acidops is considered slightly wider than that reported by Triques (2011) and overlaps in part those of A. brasiliensis.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033872FFDCFF43FDAB29D80048.taxon	description	Fig. 15	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033872FFDCFF43FDAB29D80048.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 2.7 to 3.2 and caudal peduncle depth 10.2 to 12.1 times in SL; head length 3.6 to 4.4, predorsal distance 1.6 to 1.8 and caudal peduncle length 9.3 to 14.7 in SL; snout length 3.9 to 5.0, horizontal orbital diameter 3.0 to 3.6 and least interorbital width 2.5 to 3.6 in HL. Mouth terminal; inner row of premaxilla with 6, outer row with 6 or 7, inner row of dentary with 1, outer row of dentary with 5 or 6 and maxilla up to 2 teeth. First gill arch with 43 - 48 gill rakers. Lateral line 33 - 37 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 6 scale rows and below with 2 or 3 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 11, pectoral fin with 11 - 13, pelvic fin with 7, anal fin with 28 - 34 and caudal fin with 19 rays (Malabarba, 2004). Ground color silvery; longitudinal series of dark-brown spots on flank scales above pectoral-fin origin; black blotch on posterior portion of caudal peduncle, extending to median caudal-fin rays (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 150.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033872FFDCFF43FDAB29D80048.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033872FFDCFF43FDAB29D80048.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Triportheus nematurus is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná, and its occurrence can be associated with the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the consequent inundation of the Sete Quedas Falls.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033871FFDFFF63FF6A28BD0469.taxon	description	Fig. 16	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033871FFDFFF63FF6A28BD0469.taxon	description	Body elongated and compressed; greatest depth contained 5.5 to 6.2 times in TL; head length 5.5 to 6.0, anal-fin base length 1.2 to 1.5, caudal-peduncle length 5.0 to 6.6, preanal distance 6.1 to 7.5 and prepectoral distance 5.5 to 6.0 in LEA; snout length 2.7 to 4.7, horizontal orbital diameter 9.0 to 16.7 and least interorbital width 3.9 to 4.7 in HL. Mouth terminal. Pectoral fin with 15 - 16, anal fin with 170 - 192 and caudal fin with 17 to 20 rays. Transversal series above lateral line with 15 - 16 scale rows (Campo-da- Paz, 1997). Ground color dark-brown, with brownish-white middorsal stripe from tip of lower jaw to nape, continuing as narrower line until about middle of body (occasionally faded or discontinuous); region around branchial aperture, including isthmus, brownish-white; wide brownish-white transverse bar across tail and posterior portion of anal fin; narrower brownish-white transverse bar across posterior portion of caudal peduncle and caudal-fin base. Distal portion of caudal fin brownish white; fins otherwise darkbrown (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum total length. 150.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033871FFDFFF63FF6A28BD0469.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Drainages from Venezuela to Paraguay and río Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033870FFDEFF08FF6A297C0229.taxon	description	Fig. 16	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033870FFDEFF08FF6A297C0229.taxon	description	Body elongated and compressed; greatest depth contained 4.8 to 6.0 times in TL; head length 5.1 to 5.9, anal-fin base length 1.2 to 1.4, caudal-peduncle length 5.4 to 6.8, preanal distance 3.9 to 5.0 and prepectoral distance 7.0 to 7.9 in LEA; snout length 2.7 to 4.7, horizontal orbital diameter 9.0 to 16.7 and least interorbital width 3.9 to 4.7 in HL. Mouth terminal. Pectoral fin with 15 - 16, anal fin with 157 - 170 and caudal fin with 18 - 22 rays (Santana, 2003). Transversal series above lateral line with 11 to 14 scale rows. Ground color dark-brown, with brownish-white middorsal stripe from tip of lower jaw to nape, continuing as narrower line until about middle of body (occasionally faded or discontinuous); region around branchial aperture, including isthmus, brownishwhite; wide brownish-white transverse bar across tail and posterior portion of anal fin, with irregular, dark-brown spots; narrower brownish-white transverse bar across posterior portion of caudal peduncle and caudal-fin base. Distal portion of caudal fin brownish white; fins otherwise dark-brown (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum total length. 280.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033870FFDEFF08FF6A297C0229.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033870FFDEFF40FB8B2BE7018B.taxon	description	Fig. 16	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033870FFDEFF40FB8B2BE7018B.taxon	description	Body elongated and compressed; greatest depth contained 5.8 to 6.2 times in TL; head length 5.9 to 6.5, anal-fin base length 1.1 to 1.2, caudal-peduncle length 6.2 to 7.7, preanal distance 5.8 to 7.2 and prepectoral distance 5.4 to 5.7 in LEA; snout length 2.6 to 3.0, horizontal orbital diameter 12.5 to 18.2 and least interorbital width 3.9 to 4.9 in HL. Mouth terminal. Pectoral fin with 16 or 17 rays, anal fin with 170 to 190 and caudal with 17 to 20 rays (Campos-da-Paz, 1997); transverse series above lateral linte with 5 - 8 scale rows. Ground color dark-brown dorsally; posterior portion of caudal peduncle and caudalfin base with light-beige blotch. Caudal fin dark-brown. Maximum total length. 240.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033870FFDEFF40FB8B2BE7018B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Rio Paraná-Paraguay basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033870FFDEFF40FB8B2BE7018B.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Apteronotus ellisi was identified as Porotergus ellisi by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Albert (2001), in a systematic study of the American knifefishes, proposed a clade named Apteronotus sensu stricto and included A. ellisi.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033870FFDEFCE6FF6A2F98050A.taxon	description	Fig. 16	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033870FFDEFCE6FF6A2F98050A.taxon	description	Body elongated and compressed; greatest depth contained 6.9 to 7.9 times in TL; head length 4.7 to 5.2, analfin base length 1.1, preanal distance 7.0 to 8.2 and prepectoral distance 4.6 to 5.1 in LEA; snout length (prolonged into rostrum) 1.5 to 1.6, horizontal orbital diameter 24.4 to 32.2 and least interorbital width 14.1 to 21.7 in HL. Mouth terminal. Pectoral fin with 14 - 15 and anal fin with 166 to 178 rays. Transversal series above lateral line with 11 to 13 scale rows (Campos-da-Paz, 2000). Ground color brown, with middorsal light-brown stripe on head. Light-brown fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum total length. 212.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033870FFDEFCE6FF6A2F98050A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033870FFD1FCD0F9EE2974042A.taxon	description	Fig. 16	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033870FFD1FCD0F9EE2974042A.taxon	description	Body elongated and compressed; greatest depth contained 7.1 to 13.3 times in TL; head length 8.3 to 11.1, anal-fin base length 1.3 in LEA; snout length 2.9 to 3.3, horizontal orbital diameter 13.9 to 15.4 and least interorbital width 2.3 to 2.4 in HL. Mouth superior, dentary prognathous. Pectoral fin with 13 - 16 rays and anal fin with 170 - 260 rays; transverse series above lateral line with 6 - 8 scale rows. Ground color pale brown; body with light-beige transverse bars alternating with dark-brown transverse bars, visible in specimens with less than 250.0 mm TL; in larger specimens stripes can be broken or disappear, resulting in color pattern with dark-brown rounded or irregular blotches, especially on dorsal region of body; dark-brown bars wider than lightbeige bars. Hyaline fins, with scattered dark-brown spots (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum total length. 600.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033870FFD1FCD0F9EE2974042A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387FFFD1FF15FD88294F03CB.taxon	description	Fig. 16	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387FFFD1FF15FD88294F03CB.taxon	description	Body elongated and compressed; greatest depth contained 10.5 to 12.5 times in TL; head length 9.9 to 11.1, anal-fin base length 1.2 to 1.3 in LEA; snout length 2.7 to 2.9, horizontal orbital diameter 14.3 to 15.0 and least interorbital width 2.2 to 3.0 in HL. Mouth superior, dentary prognathous. Pectoral fin with 16 - 18 rays and anal fin with 256 - 270 rays; transverse series above lateral line with 7 or 8 scale rows. Ground color brown; body with seven to 25 light-beige transverse stripes, spaced apart. Hyaline fins or light-beige, with scattered dark-brown spots (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum total length. 200.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387FFFD1FF15FD88294F03CB.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paraná-Paraguay system, in Brazil and Paraguay, and río Capare-Mamoré, in Bolívia (Eschmeyer et al., 2017).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387FFFD1FF15FD88294F03CB.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Gymnotus pantanal is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná, and its occurrence in the region can be associated with its introduction as a live bait by anglers, or with the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the consequent inundation of the Sete Quedas Falls.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387FFFD1FF0CFA292E19044A.taxon	description	Fig. 16	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387FFFD1FF0CFA292E19044A.taxon	description	Body elongated and compressed; greatest depth contained 9.7 to 10.2 times in TL; head length 7.5 to 8.2, anal-fin base length 1.2 in LEA; snout length 2.8 to 3.0, horizontal orbital diameter 13.9 to 15.4 and least interorbital width 2.4 to 3.2 in HL. Mouth superior, dentary prognathous. Pectoral fin with 17 - 21 rays and anal fin with 260 - 270 rays; transverse series above lateral line with 11 or 12 scale rows. Ground color dark-brown; body with 23 - 26 light-beige oblique stripes, with well-defined margins; two to seven inverted Y-shaped stripes, or sometimes X-shaped, or sometimes interrupted on porterior half of body. Hyaline fins or light-beige, with scattered dark-brown spots (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum total length. 280.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387FFFD1FF0CFA292E19044A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387FFFD1FF0CFA292E19044A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Gymnotus paraguensis is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná, and its occurrence in the region can be associated with its introduction as a live bait by anglers, or with the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the consequent inundation of the Sete Quedas Falls.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387FFFD1FCE6FDA82F40030B.taxon	description	Fig. 16	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387FFFD1FCE6FDA82F40030B.taxon	description	Body elongated and compressed; greatest depth contained 7.0 to 9.3 times in TL; head length 7.1 to 8.2, anal-fin base length 1.2 in LEA; snout length 3.0 to 3.3, horizontal orbital diameter 12,8 to 14.0 and least interorbital width 2.6 to 2.7 in HL. Mouth superior, dentary prognathous. Pectoral fin with 15 or 16 rays and anal fin with 220 - 228 rays; transverse series above lateral line with 8 or 9 scale rows (Albert et al., 1999). Ground color pale brown; body with light-beige transverse bars alternating with dark-brown transverse bars; light-beige bars wider than dark-brown bars. Anal fin with posterior portion light-beige (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum total length. 360.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387FFFD1FCE6FDA82F40030B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Rio Ribeira de Iguape, rio Paraíba do Sul and rio Pardo basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387FFFD0FCF8FA6E2BAC0449.taxon	description	Fig. 17	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387FFFD0FCF8FA6E2BAC0449.taxon	description	Body elongated and compressed; greatest depth contained 5.8 to 8.1 times in TL; head length 7.6 to 8.6, anal-fin base length 1.2 to 1.4, caudal-peduncle length 2.0 to 3.1, preanal distance 3.9 to 5.0 and prepectoral distance 7.0 to 7.9 in LEA; snout length 2.4 to 4.3, horizontal orbital diameter 8.2 to 11.1 and least interorbital width 3.3 to 4.8 in HL. Mouth terminal. Pectoral fin with 14 - 17 rays and anal fin with 179 - 226 rays; transverse series above lateral line with 7 - 8 scale rows (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007; Giora, Malabarba, 2009). Ground color yellowish to pale brown; dorsal region and lower-half of body with dark-brown transverse and irregular bars; anal fin hyaline, with dark-brown spots. Maximum total length. 160.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387FFFD0FCF8FA6E2BAC0449.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río de basin, Laguna dos Patos and rio Tramandaí drainages.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387FFFD0FCF8FA6E2BAC0449.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Brachyhypopomus gauderio was identified as B. cf. pinnicaudatus by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Giora, Malabarba (2009) described the new species from the Laguna dos Patos and rio Tramandaí drainages, río Paraguay and río Uruguay basins. Brachyhypopomus gauderio is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná, and its occurrence in the region can be associated with its introduction as a live bait by anglers.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387EFFD0FF05FD282FF805EA.taxon	description	Fig. 17	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387EFFD0FF05FD282FF805EA.taxon	description	Body elongated and compressed; greatest depth contained 16.6 to 17.9 times in TL; head length 8.5 to 8.7, anal-fin base length 1.4 to 1.6, caudal peduncle length 4.9 to 6.0, preanal distance 7.7 to 8.3 and prepectoral distance 7.8 to 8.2 in LEA; snout length 1.7 to 2.3, horizontal orbital diameter 11.5 to 17.5 and least interorbital width 8.9 to 14.9 in HL. Mouth subterminal; snout relatively short. Pectoral fin with 13 - 15 rays and anal fin with 141 - 172 rays (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007; Carvalho et al., 2011). Ground color pale yellow; three dark-brown inconspicuous longitudinal stripes on flank; darkbrown transverse bars on dorsolateral region. Hyaline fins. Maximum total length. 180.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387EFFD0FF05FD282FF805EA.taxon	biology_ecology	Biological data. Lives in different habitats, from small streams to large size rivers (Carvalho et al., 2011).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387EFFD0FF05FD282FF805EA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río de La Plata basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387EFFD0FF05FD282FF805EA.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Gymnorhamphichthys britskii was identified as Gymnorhamphichthys sp. by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Carvalho et al. (2011) described the new species from the río de La Plata basin. Gymnorhamphichthys britskii has been sampled in the upper rio Paraná floodplain recently, with no anterior records in the basin. Therefore, this species is considered as non-native from the upper rio Paraná, and its occurrence in the region can be associated with its introduction as a live bait by anglers, or with the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the consequent inundation of the Sete Quedas Falls.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387DFFD3FF22F9882F1D05EA.taxon	description	Fig. 17	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387DFFD3FF22F9882F1D05EA.taxon	description	Body elongated and compressed; greatest body depth contained 5.9 to 7.0 times in TL; head length 6.5 to 8.3, anal-fin base length 0.7 to 1.2, caudal filament length 2.8 to 4.5, preanal distance 5.0 to 6.0 and prepectoral distance 6.1 to 7.7 in LEA; snout length 3.8 to 4.9, horizontal orbital diameter 6.7 to 8.8 and least interorbital width 2.7 to 3.5 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla with 9 or 10 teeth distributed in two rows. Pectoral fin with 12 or 13 rays and anal fin with 151 - 170 rays. Lateral line complete, with 110 - 143 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 9 - 11 scale rows. Ground color pale brown; four dark-brown longitudinal stripes on flank (one superior medial, one lateral line, one inferior medial and one at anal-fin base). Maximum total length. 173.0 mm TL.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387DFFD3FF22F9882F1D05EA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Tributaries of the rio Iguatemi, and riacho Água do Ó, tributary of rio Paranapanema, upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387DFFD3FF22F9882F1D05EA.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Peixoto et al. (2015) reviewed the Eigenmannia trilineata species-group, described the new species, E. guaiaraca, from the riacho Água do Ó, tributary of the rio Paranapanema, upper rio Paraná basin, and restricted the distribution of E. trilineata to the lower rio Paraná basin. Analyzing additional material hosted at Coleção Ictiológica do Nupélia, specimens similar to E. guairaca were found in tributaries of the rio Iguatemi, right bank of the upper rio Paraná, and specimens similar to those redescribed as E. trilineata by Peixoto et al. (2015) in the upper rio Paraná floodplain and some of its tributaries (e. g. rio Paracaí). Therefore, the occurrence of both species in the studied region has been recorded.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387DFFD3FCC3FBC82FD300CB.taxon	description	Fig. 17	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387DFFD3FCC3FBC82FD300CB.taxon	description	Body elongated and compressed; greatest body depth contained 4.8 to 5.6 times in TL; head length 7.4 to 9.0, anal-fin base length 1.1 to 1.2, caudal filament length 2.8 to 4.0, preanal distance 5.9 to 7.8 and prepectoral distance 7.0 to 9.1 in LEA; snout length 2.5 to 3.5, horizontal orbital diameter 4.0 to 5.2 and least interorbital width 2.0 to 2.6 in HL. Mouth terminal. Pectoral fin with 16 - 18 and anal fin with 197 - 230 rays. Lateral line complete, with 110 - 122 pored scales. Transversal series above lateral line with 15 - 16 scale rows (Campos-da-paz, 1997). Ground color pale brown; four dark-brown longitudinal stripes on flank (one superior medial, one on lateral line, one inferior medial and one at anal-fin base) (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum total length. 265.0 mm TL (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387DFFD3FCC3FBC82FD300CB.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387DFFD3FF59FF2A29D00249.taxon	description	Fig. 17	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387DFFD3FF59FF2A29D00249.taxon	description	Body elongated and compressed; greatest depth contained 6.4 to 9.1 times in TL; head length 6.2 to 7.1, anal-fin base length 1.2, caudal-peduncle length 10.0 to 13.3 in LEA; snout length 1.9 to 2.1, horizontal orbital diameter 20.0 to 23.0 and least interorbital width 6.1 to 7.0 in HL. Mouth terminal; long snout. Pectoral fin with 17 - 20 rays and anal fin with 337 - 400 rays; transverse series above lateral line with 20 - 22 scale rows. Ground color pale brown; darkbrown transverse and irregular bars and blotches. Fins with dark-brown spots, sometimes forming longitudinal irregular stripes (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum total length. 800.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387DFFD3FF59FF2A29D00249.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387DFFD3FF59FF2A29D00249.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Rhamphichthys hahni has been recently captured in the upper rio Paraná floodplain, with no anterior records in the basin. Therefore, this species is considered as nonnative from the upper rio Paraná, and its occurrence in the region can be associated with its introduction as a live bait by anglers, or with the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the consequent inundation of the Sete Quedas Falls.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387DFFD2FCC8F92929EC0489.taxon	description	Fig. 17	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387DFFD2FCC8F92929EC0489.taxon	description	Body elongated and compressed; greatest body depth contained 5.7 to 7.0 times in TL; head length 6.4 to 8.3, anal-fin base length 1.1 to 1.2, caudal filament length 2.6 to 4.9, preanal distance 5.3 to 6.4 and prepectoral distance 6.4 to 9.3 in LEA; snout length 3.1 to 4.4, horizontal orbital diameter 5.4 to 7.3 and least interorbital width 2.9 to 4.0 in HL. Mouth terminal. Pectoral fin with 14 or 17 and anal fin with 186 - 245 rays. Lateral line complete, with 150 - 162 pored scales; transverse series above lateral line with 15 - 16 scale rows (Campos-da-paz, 1997). Ground color pale brown; two dark-brown longitudinal stripes on flank (one on lateral line, one ventral to it) (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum total length. 320.0 mm TL (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387DFFD2FCC8F92929EC0489.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río Orinoco and río de la Plata basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387CFFD2FC2AFB0E2FEA01AF.taxon	description	Fig. 18	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387CFFD2FC2AFB0E2FEA01AF.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 4.5 to 5.0 times in SL; head length 3.1 to 3.6, anal-fin base length 3.3 to 3.9 in SL; snout length 1.5 to 1.8, horizontal orbital diameter 12.5 to 15.1, least interorbital width 6.2 to 7.5 in HL; and orbital diameter 6.7 to 7.3 in interorbital width. Mouth terminal with dentigerous tooth plates in both premaxilla and dentary. Dorsal fin with I, 6, pectoral fin with I, 14 - 15, pelvic fin with I, 7 and anal fin with 31 - 35 rays. Ground color greyish dorsally, whitish ventrally. Orange or yellowish fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 332.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387CFFD2FC2AFB0E2FEA01AF.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Widespread in South America rivers.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387CFFD2FC2AFB0E2FEA01AF.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Ageneiosus inermis is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná, and its occurrence can be associated with the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the consequent inundation of the Sete Quedas Falls.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387CFFD2FF6EF94F28DA04EB.taxon	description	Fig. 18	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387CFFD2FF6EF94F28DA04EB.taxon	description	Body depressed anteriorly, compressed posteriorly; greatest depth contained 6.5 to 10, caudal peduncle depth 9.1 to 10.5 and body width 4.0 to 4.5 times in SL; snout length 3.1 to 4.3, horizontal orbital diameter 7.8 to 14.3 and least interorbital width 2.6 to 3.9 in HL. Mouth subterminal. Dorsal fin with I, 2 rays, pectoral fin with I, 5 or 6 rays, pelvic fin with 6 rays and anal fin with 5 or 6 rays (Friel, Carvalho, 2016). Ground color brown; series of light-beige spots on distal portions of tubercles; fins dark-brown with light-beige distal margins. Maximum standard length. 122.8 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387CFFD2FF6EF94F28DA04EB.taxon	biology_ecology	Biological data. Lives in the bottom of lagoons, and feeds both on eggs and developing embryos of other catfishes (Friel, 1994; 2003).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387CFFD2FF6EF94F28DA04EB.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387CFFD2FF6EF94F28DA04EB.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Amaralia oviraptor was identified as Amaralia sp. by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Friel, Carvalho (2016) described the new species from the Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387CFFD2FF02FD2829D203AB.taxon	description	Fig. 17	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387CFFD2FF02FD2829D203AB.taxon	description	Body elongated and compressed; greatest body depth contained 7.9 to 10.0 times in TL; head length 8.6 to 9.6, anal-fin base length 1.1 to 1.2, caudal filament length 2.6 to 4.9, preanal distance 6.8 to 7.6 and prepectoral distance 6.6 to 7.4 in LEA; snout length 2.6 to 3.0, horizontal orbital diameter 10.7 to 12.0 and least interorbital width 3.3 to 3.9 in HL. Mouth terminal. Pectoral fin with 15 or 17 and anal fin with 221 - 247 rays (Campos-da-paz, 1997). Lateral line complete, with 193 - 269 pored scales. Transversal series above lateral line with 20 - 22 scale rows. Ground color and fin rays greyish-brown, inter-radial membranes hyaline; dark-brown humeral spot, occasionally inconspicuous (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum total length. 550.0 mm TL (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387CFFD2FF02FD2829D203AB.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Amazon and río de La Plata basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387BFFD5FF5DFF6A2FF507E9.taxon	description	Fig. 18 Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 6.2 to 6.6 times in SL; head length 3.2 to 4.1, anal-fin base length 3.1 to 3.3 in SL; snout length 1.8 to 2.0, horizontal orbital diameter 9.4 to 11.2, least interorbital width 4.2 to 4.7 in HL; and orbital diameter 3.7 to 4.9 in interorbital width. Mouth terminal with dentigerous tooth plates in both premaxilla and dentary. Dorsal fin with I, 6, pectoral fin with I, 14 - 15, pelvic fin with I, 7 and anal fin with 32 - 39 rays. Ground color greyish; dorsum with black longitudinal band, sometimes interrupted by light-beige irregular blotches. Light fins; distal margin of caudal fin black (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 332.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387BFFD5FF5DFF6A2FF507E9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río de la Plata basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387AFFD4FF54FF6A295E05E9.taxon	description	Fig. 18	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387AFFD4FF54FF6A295E05E9.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 5.7 to 7.5 times in SL; head length 3.3 to 3.9, anal-fin base length 2.9 to 3.4 in SL; snout length 1.8 to 1.9, horizontal orbital diameter 9.5 to 12.9, least interorbital width 4.9 to 6.5 in HL; and orbital diameter 3.8 to 5.5 in interorbital width. Mouth terminal with dentigerous tooth plates in both premaxilla and dentary. Dorsal fin with I, 6, pectoral fin with I, 14 - 15, pelvic fin with I, 7 and anal fin with 35 - 39 rays. Ground color greyish dorsally. Yellowish fins; distal margin of caudal fin black (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 332.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387AFFD4FF54FF6A295E05E9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Amazon, lower rio Tocantins and río Corantijn basins and Paraná-Paraguay system (Eschmeyer et al., 2017).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387AFFD4FF54FF6A295E05E9.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Ageneiosus ucayalensis is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná its occurrence can be associated with the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the consequent inundation of the Sete Quedas Falls.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387AFFD4FF2EFB8829D801AB.taxon	description	Fig. 18	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387AFFD4FF2EFB8829D801AB.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 4.0 to 5.9 times in SL; head length 4.5 to 4.8, anal-fin base length 2.2 to 2.5 in SL; snout length 2.3 to 2.6, horizontal orbital diameter 3.2 to 3.5, least interorbital width 2.0 to 2.7 in HL; and orbital diameter 1.7 to 2.3 in interorbital width. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with several rows of thin teeth. Dorsal fin with 7, pectoral fin with 12 or 13, pelvic fin with 13 or 14 and anal fin with 42 - 51 rays (Ferraris, Jr., Vari, 1999). Ground color greyish dorsally, whitish ventrally. Dorsal, pelvic and anal fins hyaline; pectoral and caudal fins with distal margins black (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 285.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387AFFD4FF2EFB8829D801AB.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río de la Plata, rio Tocantins and lower rio Amazonas basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387AFFD4FF2EFB8829D801AB.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Auchenipterus osteomystax is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná its occurrence can be associated with the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the consequent inundation of the Sete Quedas Falls.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387AFFD4FCC2FF2A2E150549.taxon	description	Fig. 18	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387AFFD4FCC2FF2A2E150549.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 3.5 to 3.9 times in SL; head length 4.5 to 4.8, anal-fin base length 2.2 to 2.5 in SL; snout length 2.5 to 2.9, horizontal orbital diameter 4.8 to 5.2, least interorbital width 1.6 to 1.9 in HL. Mouth terminal with dentigerous tooth plates in both premaxilla and dentary. Dorsal fin with I, 6, pectoral fin with I, 7, pelvic fin with 7 or 8 and anal fin with 21 - 24 rays. Adipose fin present. Ground color pale yellow to orange with several dark-brown irregular blotches as well as fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 285.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387AFFD4FCC2FF2A2E150549.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Widespread in South America rivers.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387AFFD4FC60FC68282D000C.taxon	description	Fig. 18	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387AFFD4FC60FC68282D000C.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 4.5 to 5.2 times in SL; head length 3.6 to 4.4 in SL; snout length 2.5 to 2.9, horizontal orbital diameter 4.8 to 5.2 and least interorbital width 1.7 to 2.0 in HL. Mouth terminal with dentigerous tooth plates in both premaxilla and dentary. Dorsal and pectoral fins with I, 4 or 5, pelvic fin with 7 or 8 and anal fin with 7 - 11 rays. Ground color dark-brown with several light-beige horizontally elongated spots, as well as fins, especially unpaired fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 68.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387AFFD4FC60FC68282D000C.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper río Paraguay and upper rio Paraná basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387AFFD7FBB4F9AF290B07C9.taxon	description	Fig. 18	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387AFFD7FBB4F9AF290B07C9.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 4.0 to 4.3 times in SL; head length 4.2 to 4.5, anal-fin base length 2.9 to 3.1 in SL; snout length 3.6 to 3.7, horizontal orbital diameter 6.2 to 6.4 and least interorbital width 1.6 to 1.8 in HL. Mouth terminal with dentigerous tooth plates in both premaxilla and dentary. Dorsal fin with I, 6, pectoral fin with I, 7, pelvic fin with 8 and anal fin with 21 - 25 rays. Adipose fin absent. Ground color pale yellow to orange with several dark-brown irregular blotches as well as fins. Adipose fin absent (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 128.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103387AFFD7FBB4F9AF290B07C9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná floodplain.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033879FFD7FF5CFDA929F1030B.taxon	description	Fig. 19	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033879FFD7FF5CFDA929F1030B.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 4.5 to 5.0 and caudal peduncle depth 6.5 to 6.7 times in SL; head length 4.3 to 4.5, predorsal distance 2.6 to 2.7 and maxillary-barbel length 3.9 to 4.1 in SL; snout length 2.2 to 2.4, horizontal orbital diameter 9.4 to 10.1 and least interorbital width 1.4 to 1.6 in HL. Mouth terminal. Lateral line with 4 pores on upper series of plates. Dorsolateral series with 26 - 29 and ventrolateral series with 24 - 27 plates. Dorsal fin with I, 7 or 8, pectoral with I, 6, pelvic and anal fins with 6 rays. Ground color pale brown to dark-grey. Dark-grey fins with black spots (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 150.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033879FFD7FF5CFDA929F1030B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Widespread in South America rivers.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033879FFD7FE96F9CF28EA07E9.taxon	description	Fig. 19	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033879FFD7FE96F9CF28EA07E9.taxon	description	Body deep and elliptical; greatest depth contained 2.0 to 2.5 and caudal peduncle depth 7.8 to 8.4 times in SL; head length 3.1 to 3.8, predorsal distance 2.1 to 2.3 and maxillary-barbel length 5.3 to 5.5 in SL; snout length 1.8 to 1.9, horizontal orbital diameter 3.6 to 4.2 and least interorbital width 1.6 to 2.3 in HL. Mouth inferior. Lateral line with 4 - 6 pores on upper series of plates. Dorsolateral series with 20 - 23 and ventrolateral series with 19 - 22 plates. Dorsal fin with I, 7 or 8, pectoral with I, 8 - 10, pelvic fin with 6 and anal fin with 6 - 8 rays. Ground color dark-grey dorsally and yellowish ventrally; large black or dargrey regular spot in anterior region of flank. Grey fins, without spots (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 52.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033879FFD7FE96F9CF28EA07E9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Drainages from Colombia to the río de la Plata basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033879FFD7FB93FDC828FC036B.taxon	description	Fig. 19	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033879FFD7FB93FDC828FC036B.taxon	description	Body deep and elliptical; greatest depth contained 3.0 and caudal peduncle depth 6.8 times in SL; head length 3.1, predorsal distance 6.5 and maxillary-barbel length 6.1 in SL; snout length 1.9, horizontal orbital diameter 3.8 and least interorbital width 3.0 in HL. Mouth inferior. Lateral line with 4 pores on upper series of plates. Dorsolateral series with 24 plates and ventrolateral series with 21 plates. Dorsal fin with II, 8, pectoral with I, 8, pelvic and anal fins with 6 rays. Ground color yellow to pale brown; six dark-brown spots on mid-line of flank; ventrolateral plates dark-grey posteriorly to pelvic fin; middle portion of caudal-fin base with dark-brown spot. Maximum standard length. 31.8 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033879FFD7FB93FDC828FC036B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Only known from the Córrego Santa Maria, tributary of the rio Iguatemi, right bank of the upper rio Paraná.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033879FFD7FB93FDC828FC036B.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Only two specimens of Corydoras sp. were captured in a tributary of the rio Iguatemi, in 2008 by V. F. B. Silva and collaborators. According to L. F. C. Tencatt (oral communication, 2011) this species is apparently new to science.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033879FFD6FC22FA0E29F90728.taxon	description	Fig. 19	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033879FFD6FC22FA0E29F90728.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 2.8 to 3.5 and caudal peduncle depth 8.8 to 9.4 times in SL; head length 2.9 to 3.8, predorsal distance 2.0 to 2.3 and maxillary-barbel length 1.5 to 3.2 in SL; snout length 1.9 to 2.3, horizontal orbital diameter 4.7 to 7.0 and least interorbital width 1.5 to 1.8 in HL. Mouth terminal. Lateral line with 4 - 6 pores on upper series of plates. Dorsolateral series with 25 - 27 and ventrolateral series with 22 - 24 plates. Dorsal fin with I, 7, pectoral with I, 9 or 10, pelvic fin with 6 and anal fin with 6 - 8 rays. Ground color dark-grey, lighter ventrally. Dark-grey fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 220.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033879FFD6FC22FA0E29F90728.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Widespread in South America rivers.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033878FFD6FF0BFE4B2EC104CA.taxon	description	Fig. 19	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033878FFD6FF0BFE4B2EC104CA.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 3.1 to 3.6 and caudal peduncle depth 8.9 to 9.5 times in SL; head length 3.3 to 3.8, predorsal distance 2.0 to 2.3 and maxillary-barbel length 1.5 to 2.2 in SL; snout length 1.9 to 2.2, horizontal orbital diameter 4.7 to 5.7 and least interorbital width 1.4 to 1.7 in HL. Mouth terminal. Lateral line with 4 - 6 pores on upper series of plates. Dorsolateral series with 25 - 26 and ventrolateral series with 22 - 23 plates. Dorsal fin with I, 7, pectoral with I, 9 or 10, pelvic fin with 6 and anal fin with 8 rays. Ground color dark-grey to pale brown; several darkbrown spots on body. Dark-grey fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 140.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033878FFD6FF0BFE4B2EC104CA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río Paraguay basin and upper rio Paraná floodplain.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033878FFD6FF0BFE4B2EC104CA.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Lepthoplosternum pectorale is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná basin, and its occurrence can be associated with the functioning of the Canal da Piracema, a fish ladder that connects the region downstream from the Itaipu Dam to the region upstream from the dam.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033807FFA9FE95FEEB2A6C05E9.taxon	description	Fig. 19	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033807FFA9FE95FEEB2A6C05E9.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 3.7 to 3.9, head depth 4.9 to 5.0 and caudal peduncle depth 8.4 to 9.6 times in SL; head length 4.1 to 4.4, anal-fin base length 3.6 to 3.8, maxillary-barbel length 11.1 to 11.4 in SL; snout length 3.1 to 3.5, horizontal orbital diameter 7.8 to 8.6 and least interorbital width 2.4 to 2.8 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with viliform teeth, maxilla with no teeth and vomer with one row of conical teeth. Dorsal fin with 7, pectoral fin with 10 or 11, pelvic fin with 10 and anal fin with 21 - 24 rays. Ground color darker dorsally, lighter ventrally; dorsum with few scattered dark-grey chromatophores. Hyaline fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 112.4 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033807FFA9FE95FEEB2A6C05E9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio São Francisco, río Paraná and río Uruguay basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033807FFA9FEB7FB4928270748.taxon	description	Fig. 19	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033807FFA9FEB7FB4928270748.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 5.5 to 9.3 and caudal peduncle depth 9.9 to 16.1 times in SL; head length 2.9 to 3.8, anal-fin base length 2.1 to 2.7, maxillary-barbel length 1.6 to 6.5 in SL; snout length 3.7 to 5.7, horizontal orbital diameter 7.6 to 19.2, least interorbital width 2.2 to 2.7 in HL. Mouth terminal with dentigerous tooth plates in both premaxilla, vomer and dentary. Dorsal fin with 61 - 79, pectoral fin with I, 9 - 12, pelvic fin with 6 and anal fin with 45 - 60 rays (Hanssens, 2009). Ground color grey to yellowish, abdominal region white. Maximum standard length. 700.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033807FFA9FEB7FB4928270748.taxon	biology_ecology	Biological data. Lives in lakes, rivers and seasonally swampy areas (Winemiller, Kelso-Winemiller, 1996). Feeds on plant material, plankton, arthropods, mollusks, fish, reptiles, and amphibians (Yalçin et al., 2001).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033807FFA9FEB7FB4928270748.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Africa and Asia Minor; introduced elsewhere (Eschmeyer et al., 2017).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033807FFA9FEB7FB4928270748.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Clarias gariepinus, native of Africa, has been captured in the upper rio Paraná floodplain since 2005 by Nupélia staff. Its occurrence in the region can be associated with fish-farming and escapes from recreational angling ponds.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033807FFA9FC3AFE2828A1036B.taxon	description	Fig. 20	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033807FFA9FC3AFE2828A1036B.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 2.8 to 3.8, head length 3.4 to 4.0 times in SL; snout length contained 1.9 to 2.1, horizontal orbital diameter 2.6 to 4.9 and least interorbital width 2.6 to 3.1 times in HL; orbital diameter contained 1.3 to 1.7 times in interorbital width. Mouth terminal; with dentigerous plates in both premaxilla and dentary. Lateral line with 27 - 30 plates. Dorsal fin with I, 6 rays, pectoral fin with I, 6 - 7 rays, pelvic fin with 7 rays and anal fin with 12 - 15 rays. Ground color brownish; dark-brown spots of varied sizes irregularly distributed. Fins light-brown with dark-brown spots. Maximum standard length. 125.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033807FFA9FC3AFE2828A1036B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper río Paraguay and rio Paraná basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033807FFA9FC3AFE2828A1036B.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Ossancora eigenmanni was identified as Oxydoras eigenmanni by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Birindelli, Sabaj-Pérez (2011), in the description of the new genus, Ossancora, proposed the new combination. Ossancora eigenmanni is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná, and its occurrence can be associated with the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the consequent inundation of the Sete Quedas Falls.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033807FFA8FC32FA0E295E04AA.taxon	description	Fig. 20	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033807FFA8FC32FA0E295E04AA.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 3.2 to 3.9, head length 3.8 to 4.0 times in SL; snout length contained 2.2 to 2.3, horizontal orbital diameter 4.8 to 5.5 and least interorbital width 2.5 to 2.7 times in HL; orbital diameter contained 1.8 to 2.1 times in interorbital width. Mouth terminal; with dentigerous plates in both premaxilla and dentary. Lateral line with 27 - 28 plates. Dorsal fin with I, 6, pectoral fin with I, 7, pelvic fin with 7 and anal fin with 10 - 12 rays (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Ground color darkbrown above pelvic-fin orign, whitish to yellowish below; yellowish longitudinal band, from dorsal region of head to distal margin of median caudal-fin rays. Dorsal, pelvic, anal and caudal fins hyaline or light-beige; dorsal fin with dark-brown blotch on distal margin; pectoral fin darkbrown, its spine light-beige; caudal fin with one dark-brown longitudinal band on each lobe. Maximum standard length. 178.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033807FFA8FC32FA0E295E04AA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033807FFA8FC32FA0E295E04AA.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Platydoras armatulus is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná, and its occurrence can be associated with the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the consequent inundation of the Sete Quedas Falls.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033806FFA8FF78FCC92E75056A.taxon	description	Fig. 20	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033806FFA8FF78FCC92E75056A.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 2.9 to 4.4, head length 3.4 to 4.4 times in SL; snout length contained 2.2 to 2.3, horizontal orbital diameter 8.3 to 11.8 and least interorbital width 2.5 to 3.1 times in HL; orbital diameter contained 3.1 to 4.3 times in interorbital width. Mouth terminal; with dentigerous plates in both premaxilla and dentary. Lateral line with 27 - 28 plates. Dorsal fin with I, 6, pectoral fin with I, 8 - 10, pelvic fin with 7 and anal fin with 12 or 13 rays. Ground color pale brown to greyish, darker dorsally, lighter ventrally; dark-brown or grey chromatophores irregularly distributed on body. Dark-brown or yellowish fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 635.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033806FFA8FF78FCC92E75056A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Amazon, río Paraná and coastal drainages of Guyana, Surinam and French Guiana.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033806FFA8FF78FCC92E75056A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Pterodoras granulosus is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná, and its occurrence can be associated with the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the consequent inundation of the Sete Quedas Falls.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033805FFABFF0DF8492EEE0509.taxon	description	Fig. 21	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033805FFABFF0DF8492EEE0509.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 5.7 to 7.1, head depth 6.9 to 7.5 and caudal peduncle depth 9.2 to 10.1 times in SL; head length 4.5 to 4.9, anal-fin base length 8.1 to 8.7, adipose-fin base length 8.1 to 8.4 and maxillarybarbel length 3.2 to 3.9 times in SL; snout length 2.0 to 2.3, horizontal orbital diameter 6.0 to 6.2 and least interorbital width 2.8 to 3.0 times in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with several diminute and viliform teeth. Dorsal fin with 7, pectoral fin with 8 - 11, pelvic fin with 6 and anal fin with 11 - 15 rays. Ground color dark-brown. Dark-grey fins; caudal fin with dark-brown transverse bar on posterior portion of caudal pecuncle (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 65.2 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033805FFABFF0DF8492EEE0509.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná and rio São Francisco basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033805FFABFCCEFCA92EF800CC.taxon	description	Fig. 21	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033805FFABFCCEFCA92EF800CC.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 10.0 to 10.6, head depth 11.9 to 12.2 and caudal peduncle depth 17.7 to 18.4 times in SL; head length 6.1 to 6.4, anal-fin base length 4.9 to 5.5, adipose-fin base length 2.0 to 2.2 and maxillary-barbel length 6.0 to 7.2 times in SL; snout length 2.9 to 3.1, horizontal orbital diameter 4.9 to 5.2 and least interorbital width 3.7 to 3.9 times in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with several diminute and viliform teeth. Dorsal fin with 7, pectoral fin with 6 - 9, pelvic fin with 6 and anal fin with 15 - 17 rays. Ground color dark-brown; dark-brown transverse bars on dorsum. Hyaline or lightbeige fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 130.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033805FFABFCCEFCA92EF800CC.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río de la Plata basin and costal drainages of Southern Brazil.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033805FFABFCCEFCA92EF800CC.taxon	discussion	Coments. Heptapterus mustelinus is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná, and its occurrence can be associated with the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the consequent inundation of the Sete Quedas Falls (Langeani et al., 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033805FFABFEB1FF3529740568.taxon	description	Fig. 20	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033805FFABFEB1FF3529740568.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 3.5 to 4.5, head length 3.1 to 3.6 times in SL; snout length contained 1.9 to 2.2, horizontal orbital diameter 6.5 to 9.8 and least interorbital width 4.7 to 6.2 times in HL; orbital diameter contained 1.2 to 1.8 times in interorbital width. Mouth subterminal; with dentigerous plates in both premaxilla and dentary. Lateral line with 27 - 28 plates. Dorsal fin with I, 6, pectoral fin with I, 8 - 10, pelvic fin with 7 and anal fin with 8 or 9 rays. Ground color yellowish; dark-brown irregular blotches on body. Hyaline or light-beige fins with darkbrown blotches and spots (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 172.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033805FFABFEB1FF3529740568.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033805FFABFF2EFC0A29D000E9.taxon	description	Fig. 20	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033805FFABFF2EFC0A29D000E9.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 2.7 to 3.1, head length 3.3 to 3.8 times in SL; snout length contained 1.9 to 2.2, horizontal orbital diameter 2.5 to 3.1 and least interorbital width 2.2 to 2.8 times in HL; orbital diameter contained 1.0 to 1.3 times in interorbital width. Mouth subterminal; with dentigerous plates in both premaxilla and dentary. Lateral line with 28 - 30 plates. Dorsal fin with I, 6, pectoral fin with I, 7, pelvic fin with 7 and anal fin with 12 - 14 rays. Ground color greyish dorsally, whitish to yellowish ventrally. Hyaline or light-beige fins; caudal fin with darkgrey oblique stripe on each lobe (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 150.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033805FFABFF2EFC0A29D000E9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033805FFABFF2EFC0A29D000E9.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Trachydoras paraguayensis is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná, and its occurrence can be associated with the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the consequent inundation of the Sete Quedas Falls.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033804FFAAFF44FDCA28BF0748.taxon	description	Fig. 21	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033804FFAAFF44FDCA28BF0748.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 8.0, head depth 10.1 and caudal peduncle depth 14.4 times in SL; head length 4.0, anal-fin base length 8.8, adipose-fin base length 2.9 and maxillary-barbel length 4.8 times in SL; snout length 3.0, horizontal orbital diameter 5.7 and least interorbital width 4.5 times in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with several diminute teeth. Dorsal fin with 7, pectoral fin with 8, pelvic fin with 6 and anal fin with 8 rays. Ground color pale brown; dark-brown transverse bars on dorsum; dark-brown inconspicuous longitudinal stripe along lateral line. Maximum standard length. 105.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033804FFAAFF44FDCA28BF0748.taxon	biology_ecology	Biological data. Lives in streams with sand, silt and pebbles (Sarmento-Soares et al., 2016).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033804FFAAFF44FDCA28BF0748.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná, rio São Francisco and rio Tocantins basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033804FFAAFC07FEAB2F61022B.taxon	description	Fig. 21	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033804FFAAFC07FEAB2F61022B.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 5.1 to 5.3, head depth 7.7 to 8.0 and caudal peduncle depth 9.4 to 10.0 times in SL; head length 5.0 to 5.4, anal-fin base length 6.3 to 6.8, adipose-fin base length 4.6 to 4.8 and maxillary-barbel length 2.5 to 2.6 times in SL; snout length 1.9 to 2.4, horizontal orbital diameter 6.0 to 6.3 and least interorbital width 2.5 to 2.6 times in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with several diminute and viliform teeth. Dorsal fin with 7, pectoral fin with 8 - 11, pelvic fin with 6 and anal fin with 11 - 14 rays. Ground color pale yellow; dark-brown transverse bars on dorsum; dark-brown inconspicuous longitudinal stripe along lateral line. Yellowish fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 64.4 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033804FFAAFC07FEAB2F61022B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Araguaia and upper Paraná basins (Eschmeyer et al., 2017).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033803FFADFEB6FF6A294705A8.taxon	description	Fig. 21	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033803FFADFEB6FF6A294705A8.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 5.1 to 5.3, head depth 6.9 to 7.4 and caudal peduncle depth 8.4 to 9.0 times in SL; head length 4.8 to 5.3, anal-fin base length 6.4 to 7.0, adipose-fin base length 4.7 to 5.6 and maxillarybarbel length 2.4 to 2.7 times in SL; snout length 2.2 to 2.4, horizontal orbital diameter 3.4 to 4.5 and least interorbital width 3.6 to 3.8 times in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with several diminute and viliform teeth. Dorsal fin with 7, pectoral fin with 8 - 11, pelvic fin with 6 and anal fin with 11 - 14 rays. Ground color beige; few scaterred dark-brown on body, except on ventral regdion of head and abdominal region; dark-brown transverse bars on dorsum; dark-brown conspicuous longitudinal stripe along lateral line. Yellowish or hyaline fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 70.4 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033803FFADFEB6FF6A294705A8.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033803FFADFF7AFBCB285200AA.taxon	description	Fig. 21	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033803FFADFF7AFBCB285200AA.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 11.3 to 11.7, head depth 11.9 to 12.8 and caudal peduncle depth 15.6 to 17.1 times in SL; head length 5.0 to 5.6, anal-fin base length 6.3 to 7.3, adipose-fin base length 5.3 to 5.4 and maxillary-barbel length 6.6 to 7.3 times in SL; snout length 2.8 to 3.0, horizontal orbital diameter 9.1 to 12.2 and least interorbital width 4.4 to - 6.1 times in HL. Mouth slightly prognathous; premaxilla and dentary with several diminute teeth. Dorsal fin with 7, pectoral fin with 8, pelvic fin with 6 and anal fin with 8 rays. Ground color pale yellow to pale brown; dark-brown transverse bars on dorsal region; darkbrown longitudinal, inconspicuous stripe along lateral line. Maximum standard length. 86.4 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033803FFADFF7AFBCB285200AA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná and rio São Francisco basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033803FFADFCCDFE8B2F9305E9.taxon	description	Fig. 22	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033803FFADFCCDFE8B2F9305E9.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 5.1 to 5.3, head depth 4.2 to 5.0 and caudal peduncle depth 7.4 to 8.0 times in SL; head length 4.5 to 4.7, anal-fin base length 6.6 to 7.5, adipose-fin base length 1.9 to 2.2 and maxillarybarbel length 1.1 to 1.4 times in SL; snout length 2.3 to 2.5, horizontal orbital diameter 3.1 to 3.3 and least interorbital width 3.9 to 4.1 times in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with several diminute and viliform teeth. Dorsal fin with I, 6, pectoral fin with I, 9 or 10, pelvic fin with 6 and anal fin with 12 - 14 rays. Ground color beige; two dark-brown longitudinal bands, one along lateral line and one slightly below dorsal fin. Hyaline fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 236.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033803FFADFCCDFE8B2F9305E9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033803FFADFC3BFBC8282400CA.taxon	description	Fig. 22	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033803FFADFC3BFBC8282400CA.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 5.1 to 5.9, head depth 4.2 to 4.9 and caudal peduncle depth 7.2 to 7.9 times in SL; head length 4.3 to 5.0, anal-fin base length 6.4 to 7.8, adipose-fin base length 2.3 to 2.5 and maxillarybarbel length 1.2 to 1.5 times in SL; snout length 2.3 to 2.5, horizontal orbital diameter 3.0 to 3.3 and least interorbital width 3.7 to 5.0 times in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with several diminute and viliform teeth. Dorsal fin with I, 6, pectoral fin with I, 9 or 10, pelvic fin with 6 and anal fin with 12 - 14 rays. Ground color beige; dark-brown longitudinal band along lateral line. Hyaline fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 184.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033803FFADFC3BFBC8282400CA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río de la Plata, Amazon and río Orinoco basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033803FFACFCDFF9292EF606E8.taxon	description	Fig. 22	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033803FFACFCDFF9292EF606E8.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 4.9 to 6.2, head depth 4.3 to 5.0 and caudal peduncle depth 4.2 to 4.9 times in SL; head length 4.3 to 4.8, anal-fin base length 8.8 to 9.1, adipose-fin base length 2.3 to 2.8 and maxillarybarbel length 1.3 to 1.6 times in SL; snout length 2.0 to 2.7, horizontal orbital diameter 3.2 to 4.8 and least interorbital width 3.8 to 4.7 times in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with several diminute and viliform teeth. Dorsal fin with I, 6, pectoral fin with I, 9 or 10, pelvic fin with 6 and anal fin with 11 - 14 rays. Ground color beige; dark-brown longitudinal band along lateral line. Hyaline fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 154.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033803FFACFCDFF9292EF606E8.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná and upper río Paraguay basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033803FFACFCDFF9292EF606E8.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Pimelodella taenioptera is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná and its occurrence can be associated with the functioning of the Canal da Piracema (a fish ladder that connects the region downstream from the Itaipu Dam to the region upstream from the dam). Despite the similarity of Pimelodella taenioptera with P. boschmai Van der Stigchel, 1964 from the rio Mogi-Guaçu, the specimens from the upper rio Paraná floodplain with the first dorsalfin ray extended into a filament have only been recorded in the focused region after the functioning of the Canal da Piracema. Therefore, these specimens do not correspond to any other species described from the upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033802FFACFC3FFE8B2E15020B.taxon	description	Fig. 22	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033802FFACFC3FFE8B2E15020B.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 4.7 to 5.7, head depth 6.7 to 9.0 and caudal peduncle depth 5.6 to 8.4 times in SL; head length 4.1 to 4.2, anal-fin base length 7.8 to 8.8, adipose-fin base length 2.3 to 2.7 and maxillary-barbel length 2.1 to 2.7 times in SL; snout length 3.0 to 3.1, horizontal orbital diameter 5.6 to 6.1 and least interorbital width 3.0 to 3.1 times in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with several diminute and viliform teeth. Dorsal fin with 7, pectoral fin with 8 - 10, pelvic fin with 6 and anal fin with 14 - 15 rays. Ground color beige to brown; some specimens can present scattered dark-brown chromatophores on body. Dark-grey or brown fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 410.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033802FFACFC3FFE8B2E15020B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Widespread in South America rivers.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033801FFAFFE34F9A928990469.taxon	description	Fig. 23	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033801FFAFFE34F9A928990469.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 3.0 to 4.0 and caudal peduncle depth 6.0 to 7.0 times in SL; head length 2.6 to 2.8, predorsal distance 2.1 to 2.2, dorsal-fin spine length 4.1 to 4.4, pectoral-fin spine length 2.9 to 3.4 and caudal peduncle length 3.5 to 3.8 in SL; snout length 1.2 to 1.4, horizontal orbital diameter 7.9 to 8.3 and least interorbital width 2.0 to 2.4 in HL. Mouth inferior; premaxilla with 8 - 15 and dentary with 10 - 16 teeth. Midlateral series with 25, predorsal series with 4, and dorsalfin base series with 12 plates. Dorsal fin with I, 7 - 9, pectoral fin with I, 6, pelvic fin with i, 5 and anal fin with 6 rays. Ground color brown; light-beige rounded blotches on body, especially on head. Hyaline fins with dark-grey blotches. Maximum standard length. 140.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033801FFAFFE34F9A928990469.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Rio São Francisco Verdadeiro, upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033801FFAFFF5BFEEB2ABF038A.taxon	description	Fig. 22	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033801FFAFFF5BFEEB2ABF038A.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 4.4 and caudal peduncle depth 10.0 times in SL; head length 3.7, anal-fin base length 3.6, adipose-fin base length 9.9, and maxillary-barbel length 3.4 in SL; snout length 2.4, horizontal orbital diameter 5.0 and least interorbital width 2.5 in HL. Mouth terminal. Dorsal fin with I, 6, pectoral fin with I, 8 - 9, pelvic fin with I, 6 - 7 and anal fin with 29 or 30 rays. Ground color pale brown; hyaline fins with distal margins black. Maximum standard length. 120.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033801FFAFFF5BFEEB2ABF038A.taxon	biology_ecology	Biological data. Lives in streams, reservoirs, ponds and lakes. Juveniles feed primarily on aquatic insects, whereas adults present feeding habit omnivorous (insects, snails, crawfish, green algae, aquatic plants, seeds and small fish) (Wellborn, 1988). Presents parental care, which is carried out by males (Zanatta et al., 2010)	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033801FFAFFF5BFEEB2ABF038A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Eastern North America, from southern Canada and northern USA to eastern Mexico. Widely introduced elsewhere (Eschmeyer et al., 2017).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033801FFAFFF5BFEEB2ABF038A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Ictalurus punctatus, native of North America, has been captured in the rio São Francisco Verdadeiro, tributary of the left bank of the upper rio Paraná, since 2010 by Companhia Paranaense de Energia (Copel) staff, and in the rio Iguatemi, right bank of the upper rio Paraná, since 2007 by V. F. B. Silva and collaborators. Its occurrence in the region can be associated with fish-farming and escapes from recreational angling ponds.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033800FFAEFF6DFF6A294C058A.taxon	description	Fig. 23	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033800FFAEFF6DFF6A294C058A.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 4.5 to 5.0 and caudal peduncle depth 9.5 to 10.2 times in SL; head length 2.9 to 3.4, predorsal distance 2.3 to 2.6, dorsal-fin spine length 3.3 to 5.2, pectoral-fin spine length 3.2 to 4.1, adipose-fin spine length 9.5 to 10.9 and caudal peduncle length 3.0 to 3.6 in SL; snout length 1.3 to 1.7, horizontal orbital diameter 7.0 to 9.3 and least interorbital width 2.7 to 3.3 in HL. Mouth inferior; premaxilla with 27 - 46 and dentary with 25 - 46 teeth. Mid-lateral series with 26 or 27, predorsal series with 3 - 5, and dorsal-fin base series with 7 or 8 plates. Dorsal fin with I, 7, pectoral fin with I, 6, pelvic fin with i, 5 and anal fin with 6 rays. Ground color dark-brown or grey; light-beige spots on body, smaller on head. Darkbrown or grey fins with white or light-beige spots. Maximum standard length. 315.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033800FFAEFF6DFF6A294C058A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033800FFAEFC38FF6A2F98058A.taxon	description	Fig. 23	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033800FFAEFC38FF6A2F98058A.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 4.2 to 4.7 and caudal peduncle depth 9.8 to 10.0 times in SL; head length 2.9 to 3.3, predorsal distance 2.3 to 2.6, dorsal-fin spine length 3.9 to 4.3, pectoral-fin spine length 3.7 to 3.9, adiposefin spine length 9.9 to 9.9 to 10.9 and caudal peduncle length 2.9 to 3.3 in SL; snout length 1.5 to 1.8, horizontal orbital diameter 6.5 to 7.3 and least interorbital width 2.4 to 2.7 in HL. Mouth inferior; premaxilla with 24 - 33 and dentary with 23 - 35 teeth. Mid-lateral series with 27 or 28, predorsal series with 3, and dorsal-fin base series with 8 or 9 plates. Dorsal fin with I, 7, pectoral fin with I, 6, pelvic fin with i, 5 and anal fin with 6 rays. Ground color brown; dark-brown blotches on body, especially on dorsal region. Dark-brown fins with black spots. Maximum standard length. 276.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033800FFAEFC38FF6A2F98058A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380FFFA1FEB6FF6A29D0022A.taxon	description	Fig. 23	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380FFFA1FEB6FF6A29D0022A.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 3.7 to 4.0 and caudal peduncle depth 9.1 to 10.4 times in SL; head length 3.7 to 4.1, predorsal distance 3.2 to 3.4, dorsal-fin spine length 3.7 to 4.1, pectoral-fin spine length 3.2 to 3.4, adipose-fin spine length 12.8 to 17.0 and caudal peduncle length 3.0 to 3.4 in SL; snout length 1.4 to 1.6, horizontal orbital diameter 6.1 to 6.3 and least interorbital width 1.8 to 2.0 in HL. Mouth inferior; premaxilla with 7 and dentary with 8 teeth. Mid-lateral series with 27 or 28, predorsal series with 3, and dorsal-fin base series with 8 plates. Dorsal fin with I, 7, pectoral fin with I, 6, pelvic fin with i, 5 and anal fin with 6 rays. Ground color brown; dark-brown blotches on body, more conspicuous on head. Brown fins with black spots. Maximum standard length. 270.0 mm. (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380FFFA1FEB6FF6A29D0022A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río Paraguay and middle río Paraná basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380FFFA1FEB6FF6A29D0022A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Hypostomus cochliodon is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná, and its occurrence can be associated with the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the consequent inundation of the Sete Quedas Falls.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380FFFA1FF7AFB892E6C0728.taxon	description	Fig. 23	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380FFFA1FF7AFB892E6C0728.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 4.0 to 4.4 and caudal peduncle depth 9.0 to 10.5 times in SL; head length 3.0 to 3.3, predorsal distance 2.4 to 2.8, dorsal-fin spine length 2.6 to 3.4, pectoral-fin spine length 3.1 to 3.6, adipose-fin spine length 13.5 to 19.0 and caudal peduncle length 3.0 to 3.5 in SL; snout length 1.6 to 1.8, horizontal orbital diameter 6.7 to 9.5 and least interorbital width 2.4 to 2.8 in HL. Mouth inferior; premaxilla with 22 - 45 and dentary with 22 - 48 teeth. Mid-lateral series with 28 - 0, predorsal series with 3, and dorsal-fin base series with 8 - 10 plates. Dorsal fin with I, 7, pectoral fin with I, 6, pelvic fin with i, 5 and anal fin with 6 rays. Ground color brown; black spots on body, smaller on head. Brown fins with black spots. Maximum standard length. 270.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380FFFA1FF7AFB892E6C0728.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río Paraná basin and Laguna dos Patos drainage.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380FFFA1FF7AFB892E6C0728.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Hypostomus commersoni is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná, and its occurrence can be associated with the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the consequent inundation of the Sete Quedas Falls.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380FFFA1FC2AFE8B2F930209.taxon	description	Fig. 23	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380FFFA1FC2AFE8B2F930209.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 4.0 to 5.3 and caudal peduncle depth 8.9 to 9.0 times in SL; head length 2.8 to 3.1, predorsal distance 2.3 to 2.5, dorsal-fin spine length 3.1 to 4.4, pectoral-fin spine length 2.9 to 3.5, adipose-fin spine length 9.3 to 16.9 and caudal peduncle length 2.9 to 3.6 in SL; snout length 1.5 to 1.8, horizontal orbital diameter 3.9 to 5.0 and least interorbital width 2.7 to 3.5 in HL. Mouth inferior; premaxilla with 29 - 35 and dentary with 30 - 47 teeth. Mid-lateral series with 25 - 27 plates, predorsal series with 3 plates, and dorsal-fin base series with 8 or 9 plates. Dorsal fin with I, 7, pectoral fin with I, 6, pelvic fin with i, 5 and anal fin with 5 rays. Ground color brown; body and fins with dark-brown blotches; no blotches on ventral surface. Maximum standard length. 170.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380FFFA1FC2AFE8B2F930209.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380FFFA1FC1FFBE82E50014B.taxon	description	Fig. 24	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380FFFA1FC1FFBE82E50014B.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 4.2 to 4.7 and caudal-peduncle depth 8.3 to 8.6 times in SL; head length 2.8 to 3.0, predorsal distance 2.2 to 2.3, dorsal-fin spine length 3.4 to 3.6, pectoral-fin spine length 3.0 to 3.2, adipose-fin spine length 9.0 to 10.1, and caudal-peduncle length 3.2 to 3.4 times in SL; snout length 1.6 to 1.8, horizontal orbital diameter 4.4 to 5.5, and least interorbital width 2.7 to 2.8 in HL. Mouth inferior; pre-maxilla with 32 - 41 and dentary with 35 - 42 teeth. Mid-lateral series with 24 - 27 plates, predorsal series with 3 plates, and dorsalfin base series with 8 plates. Dorsal fin with I, 7, pectoral fin with I, 6, pelvic fin with i, 5, and anal fin with 6 rays. Ground color brownish; dark-brown blotches, occasionally inconspicuous. Maximum standard length. 210.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380FFFA1FC1FFBE82E50014B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380FFFA1FC1FFBE82E50014B.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Hypostomus iheringii was identified as Hypostomus sp. by Graça, Pavanelli (2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380EFFA0FF57FF6A294C058A.taxon	description	Fig. 24	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380EFFA0FF57FF6A294C058A.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 4.1 to 4.5 and caudal peduncle depth 9.3 to 10.0 times in SL; head length 3.0 to 3.4, predorsal distance 2.4 to 2.7, dorsal-fin spine length 2.3 to 3.1, pectoral-fin spine length 2.6 to 3.1, adipose-fin spine length 13.5 to 16.0 and caudal peduncle length 2.9 to 3.6 in SL; snout length 1.4 to 1.6, horizontal orbital diameter 5.6 to 6.5 and least interorbital width 2.4 to 3.0 in HL. Mouth inferior; premaxilla and dentary with 19 - 32 teeth. Mid-lateral series with 26 or 27, predorsal series with 3, and dorsal-fin base series with 8 plates. Dorsal fin with I, 7, pectoral fin with I, 6, pelvic fin with i, 5 and anal fin with 6 rays. Ground color dark-brown or - grey; light-beige spots and blotches on body. Dark-grey fins with light-beige spots. Maximum standard length. 312.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380EFFA0FF57FF6A294C058A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380EFFA0FF5DFC692E7505CA.taxon	description	Fig. 24	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380EFFA0FF5DFC692E7505CA.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 4.0 to 4.7 and caudal peduncle depth 8.4 to 9.4 times in SL; head length 2.8 to 3.2, predorsal distance 2.4 to 2.5, dorsal-fin spine length 2.6 to 3.2, pectoral-fin spine length 2.8 to 3.1, adipose-fin spine length 13.5 to 6.0 and caudal peduncle length 3.0 to 3.5 in SL; snout length 1.4 to 1.6, horizontal orbital diameter 4.6 to 5.8 and least interorbital width 1.6 to 2.1 in HL. Mouth inferior; premaxilla with 8 - 14 and dentary with 10 - 16 teeth. Mid-lateral series with 24 - 27, predorsal series with 3, and dorsal-fin base series with 7 plates. Dorsal fin with I, 7, pectoral fin with I, 6, pelvic fin with i, 5 and anal fin with 6 rays (Weber, 1987). Ground color brown; scattered light-beige spot on body. Brown fins with light-beige spots, sometimes inconspicuous. Maximum standard length. 300.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380EFFA0FF5DFC692E7505CA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380EFFA0FF5DFC692E7505CA.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Hypostomus microstomus is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná, and its occurrence can be associated with the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the consequent inundation of the Sete Quedas Falls.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380DFFA3FEB1FF6A29590588.taxon	description	Fig. 24	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380DFFA3FEB1FF6A29590588.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 4.3 to 4.7 and caudal peduncle depth 9.3 to 10.3 times in SL; head length 3.1 to 3.4, predorsal distance 2.5 to 2.8, dorsal-fin spine length 2.2 to 3.6, pectoral-fin spine length 3.1 to 3.7, adipose-fin spine length 10.0 to 13.3 and caudal peduncle length 2.8 to 3.3 in SL; snout length 1.6 to 1.8, horizontal orbital diameter 4.8 to 5.8 and least interorbital width 2.3 to 2.6 in HL. Mouth inferior; premaxilla with 65 - 110 and dentary with 65 - 132 teeth. Mid-lateral series with 27 or 28, predorsal series with 3 - 5, and dorsal-fin base series with 8 or 9 plates. Dorsal fin with I, 7, pectoral fin with I, 6, pelvic fin with i, 5 and anal fin with 6 rays. Ground color brown; lightbeige spots on body, smaller on head. Dark-brown fins with light-beige spots. Maximum standard length. 280.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380DFFA3FEB1FF6A29590588.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río de la Plata basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380DFFA3FF6BFC6B285D0069.taxon	description	Fig. 24	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380DFFA3FF6BFC6B285D0069.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 4.2 to 4.9 and caudal peduncle depth 8.3 to 9.6 times in SL; head length 2.8 to 3.0, predorsal distance 2.2 to 2.5, dorsal-fin spine length 3.4 to 3.8, pectoral-fin spine length 3.1 to 3.3, adipose-fin spine length 8.9 to 9.7 and caudal peduncle length 3.0 to 3.4 in SL; snout length 1.5 to 1.8, horizontal orbital diameter 4.0 to 5.1 and least interorbital width 2.9 to 3.2 in HL. Mouth inferior; premaxilla with 49 - 54 and dentary with 49 - 55 teeth. Mid-lateral series with 24 - 26, predorsal series with 3, and dorsal-fin base series with 8 plates. Dorsal fin with I, 7, pectoral fin with I, 6, pelvic fin with i, 5 and anal fin with 6 rays. Ground color brown; light-beige blotche on body, smaller on head. Dark-brown fins with light-beige spots. Maximum standard length. 169.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380DFFA3FF6BFC6B285D0069.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná floodplain and rio Tietê basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380DFFA3FF44F9482FED052A.taxon	description	Fig. 24	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380DFFA3FF44F9482FED052A.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 4.2 to 4.7 and caudal peduncle depth 7.6 to 8.2 times in SL; head length 2.8 to 3.0, predorsal distance 2.2 to 2.4, dorsal-fin spine length 2.6 to 3.5, pectoral-fin spine length 3.0 to 3.3, adipose-fin spine length 9.2 to 10.3 and caudal peduncle length 3.1 to 3.3 in SL; snout length 1.6 to 1.8, horizontal orbital diameter 6.3 to 6.5 and least interorbital width 2.6 to 3.1 in HL. Mouth inferior; premaxilla with 59 - 127 and dentary with 60 - 126 teeth. Mid-lateral series with 25 - 27, predorsal series with 3 or 4, and dorsal-fin base series with 8 plates. Dorsal fin with I, 7, pectoral fin with I, 6, pelvic fin with i, 5 and anal fin with 6 rays. Ground color light-beige, with dark-brown spots and / or dark-brown vermiculate pattern, slightly conspicuous. Brown fins, sometimes with dark-brown spots. Maximum standard length. 296.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380DFFA3FF44F9482FED052A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río Paraguay, middle río Paraná and río Uruguay basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380DFFA3FF44F9482FED052A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Hypostomus ternetzi is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná, and its occurrence can be associated with the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the consequent inundation of the Sete Quedas Falls.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380DFFA3FC3BFC492FF5002B.taxon	description	Fig. 25	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380DFFA3FC3BFC492FF5002B.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 4.0 to 4.7 and caudal peduncle depth 6.0 to 6.5 times in SL; head length 2.8 to 3.2, predorsal distance 2.2 to 2.4, dorsal-fin spine length 4.1 to 4.4, pectoral-fin spine length 3.8 to 4.3 and caudal peduncle length 3.5 to 3.8 in SL; snout length 1.2 to 1.4, horizontal orbital diameter 5.0 to 6.2 and least interorbital width 1.6 to 2.0 in HL. Mouth inferior; premaxilla with 6 - 8 and dentary with 8 - 10 teeth. Mid-lateral series with 25, predorsal series with 3, and dorsal-fin base series with 12 plates. Dorsal fin with I, 10 - 15, pectoral fin with I, 6, pelvic fin with i, 5 and anal fin with 6 rays. Ground color lightbeige; several dark-brown blotches on body, as well as fins. Maximum standard length. 504.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380DFFA3FC3BFC492FF5002B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río de la Plata basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380DFFA2FCC4F94E2F2407E9.taxon	description	Fig. 25	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380DFFA2FCC4F94E2F2407E9.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 4.2 to 4.9 and caudal peduncle depth 8.3 to 9.6 times in SL; head length 3.4 to 3.9, predorsal distance 2.2 to 2.5, dorsal-fin spine length 2.2 to 2.7, pectoral-fin spine length 3.1 to 3.3 and adiposefin spine length 8.9 to 9.7, and caudal-peduncle length 3.3 to 3.8 times in SL; snout length 1.5 to 1.6, horizontal orbital diameter 5.2 to 8.6 and least interorbital width 1.6 to 2.0 in HL. Mouth inferior; premaxilla with 19 - 36 and dentary with 17 - 37 teeth. Mid-lateral series with 29 - 31 plates, predorsal series with 3 plates, and dorsal-fin base series with 8 plates. Dorsal fin with I, 11 - 14, pectoral fin with I, 6, pelvic fin with I, 5 and anal fin with 5 rays. Ground color dark-grey; body and fins with white or light-beige blotches. Maximum standard length. 500.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380DFFA2FCC4F94E2F2407E9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río de la Plata basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380DFFA2FCC4F94E2F2407E9.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Pterygoplichthys ambrosettii was identified as P. anisitsi by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Ferraris, Jr. (2007), in the checklist of the catfishes, proposed the new synonym. Pterygoplichthys ambrosettii is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná, and its occurrence can be associated with the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the consequent inundation of the Sete Quedas Falls, or with the aquarium trade (Júlio Júnior et al., 2009).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380BFFA5FE34F96E28D004EA.taxon	description	Fig. 26	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380BFFA5FE34F96E28D004EA.taxon	description	Body depressed; greatest body depth contained 10.0 to 11.9 times in SL; head length 5.8 to 6.2, predorsal distance 2.9 to 3.2, dorsal-fin spine length 4.0 to 5.1, pectoral-fin spine length 4.6 to 5.5 and pelvic-fin spine length 3.9 to 4.7 in SL; snout length contained 1.4 to 1.7, horizontal orbital diameter 6.8 to 7.1, least interorbital width 5.0 to 5.4 and caudal peduncle depth 10.4 to 12.2 times in HL. Mouth inferior; pre-maxilla with 3 - 5 and dentary with 5 - 8 teeth. Mid-lateral series with 30 - 35 plates. Dorsal fin with I, 7, pectoral fin with I, 6, pelvic fin with i, 6 or 7 and anal with 6 rays. Ground color brownish; no dark-brown rounded spots; dark-brown irregular and transverse bars. Hyaline fins with few dark-brown spots (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 430.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380BFFA5FE34F96E28D004EA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380BFFA5FE34F96E28D004EA.taxon	discussion	Coments. According to C. H. Zawadzki (oral communication, 2018), Loricaria sp. is apparently new to science.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380BFFA5FF69FC082947008C.taxon	description	Fig. 26	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380BFFA5FF69FC082947008C.taxon	description	Body depressed; greatest body depth contained 10.9 to 12.6 times in SL; head length 4.4 to 4.8, predorsal distance 3.1 to 3.3, dorsal-fin spine length 4.8 to 6.0, pectoral-fin spine length 3.5 to 4.4 and pelvic-fin spine length 3.9 to 4.7 in SL; snout length contained 1.7 to 1.8, horizontal orbital diameter 6.7 to 9.1, least interorbital width 5.2 to 5.8 and caudal peduncle depth 13.4 to 14.4 times in HL times in HL. Mouth inferior; pre-maxilla with 2 - 5 and dentary with 3 - 8 teeth. Mid-lateral series with 35 - 37 plates. Dorsal fin with I, 7, pectoral fin with I, 6, pelvic fin with i, 6 or 7 and anal with 6 rays (Isbrücker, Nijssen, 1978). Ground color brownish; dark-brown rounded spots. Hyaline fins with few darkbrown spots (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 450.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380BFFA5FF69FC082947008C.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380BFFA5FBABFCC82E6C01AC.taxon	description	Fig. 26	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380BFFA5FBABFCC82E6C01AC.taxon	description	Body depressed; greatest body depth contained 10.0 to 11.9 and caudal peduncle depth 37.0 to 58.8 times in SL; head length 4.0 to 4.5, predorsal distance 2.9 to 3.2, dorsal-fin spine length 4.0 to 5.1, pectoral-fin spine length 5.5 to 7.0 and pelvic-fin spine length 5.6 to 6.3 in SL; snout length contained 2.2 to 2.3, horizontal orbital diameter 3.7 to 4.6 and least interorbital width 3.1 to 4.5 times in HL. Mouth inferior; pre-maxilla with 7 - 14 and dentary with 10 - 20 teeth. Mid-lateral series with 31 - 32 plates. Dorsal fin with I, 7, pectoral fin with I, 6, pelvic fin with i, 5 and anal with 6 rays (Reis, Pereira, 2000). Ground color brownish; dark-brown blotches, sometimes forming irregular and transverse bars. Hyaline fins with few dark-brown spots (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 282.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380BFFA5FBABFCC82E6C01AC.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río de la Plata basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103380BFFA5FBABFCC82E6C01AC.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Loricariichthys platymetopon is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná, and its occurrence can be associated with the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the consequent inundation of the Sete Quedas Falls.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033809FFA7FCF0FD4A2F930069.taxon	description	Fig. 27	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033809FFA7FCF0FD4A2F930069.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 5.2 to 6.9 times in SL; head length 3.1 to 3.9, pectoral-fin length 3.7 and pelvic-fin length 4.9 to 6.1 in SL; snout length 1.4 to 1.6, horizontal orbital diameter 4.8 to 6.7 and least interorbital width 2.0 to 2.4 in HL. Mouth inferior; premaxilla with 10 - 12 and dentary with 8 - 11 teeth. Longitudinal series with 24 plates. Dorsal fin with I, 7 rays, pectoral fin with I, 6, pelvic fin with 6 rays and anal fin with I, 5 rays (Britski, Garavello, 2003). Ground color yellowish to pale brown; dark-brown longitudinal band, from tip of snout to median caudal-fin rays; three dark-brown transverse bars on dorsum posteriorly to dorsal fin. Hyaline fins; dorsal fin with scattered spots; caudal fin with superior and inferior margins dark-brown; dark-brown transverse stripes on distal third of both upper and lower caudal-fin lobes, their margins hyaline. Maximum standard length. 30.2 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033809FFA7FCF0FD4A2F930069.taxon	biology_ecology	Biological data. Lives in streams with banks covered by terrestrial vegetation partially submerged into the water; in males the urogenital papilla is conspicuous and immediately posterior to the anal opening, whereas in females the urogenital duct is opened into the cloacal cavity (Britski, Garavello, 2003).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033809FFA7FCF0FD4A2F930069.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033809FFA7FF62FF6A29CC0209.taxon	description	Fig. 26	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033809FFA7FF62FF6A29CC0209.taxon	description	Body depressed; greatest body depth contained 7.5 to 10.3 and caudal peduncle depth 35.7 to 50.0 times in SL; head length 4.1 to 4.8, predorsal distance 2.7 to 3.1, dorsalfin spine length 4.5 to 5.5, pectoral-fin spine length 6.2 to 7.8 and pelvic-fin spine length 6.5 to 8.0 in SL; snout length contained 1.9 to 2.0, horizontal orbital diameter 5.3 to 6.5 and least interorbital width 5.0 to 5.8 times in HL. Mouth inferior; pre-maxilla with 3 - 11 and dentary with 10 - 18 teeth. Mid-lateral series with 31 - 33 plates. Dorsal fin with I, 7, pectoral fin with I, 6, pelvic fin with i, 5 and anal with 6 rays (Reis, Pereira, 2000). Ground color brownish; dark-brown blotches on body. Hyaline fins with few darkbrown spots (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 282.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033809FFA7FF62FF6A29CC0209.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río Paraná basin, above río Paraguay mouth.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033809FFA7FF62FF6A29CC0209.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Loricariichthys rostratus is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná, and its occurrence can be associated with the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the consequent inundation of the Sete Quedas Falls.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033809FFA7FED8FBA82FBA07E8.taxon	description	Fig. 26	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033809FFA7FED8FBA82FBA07E8.taxon	description	Body depressed; greatest body depth contained 9.9 and head depth 12.0 times in SL; head length 4.3, predorsal distance 2.8, dorsal-fin spine length 4.8 and pelvic-fin spine length 6.1 in SL; snout length contained 2.60, horizontal orbital diameter 8.7 and least interorbital width 4.1 times in HL. Mouth inferior; pre-maxilla and dentary with 6 teeth. Mid-lateral series with 28 plates. Dorsal fin with I, 7, pectoral fin with I, 6, pelvic fin with i, 5 and anal with 6 rays. Ground color brownish; darkbrown transverse bars on flank. Hyaline fins with few dark-brown spots, sometimes forming irregular stripes (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 93.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033809FFA7FED8FBA82FBA07E8.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033809FFA7FED8FBA82FBA07E8.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Rineloricaria sp. is distinguished from the other two species from the upper rio Paraná, R. latirostris (Boulenger, 1900) and R. pentamaculata Langeani, Araújo, 1994, by having conspicuous dark-brown spots and vermiculations on the head. Additionally, it is distinguished from R. pentamaculata by the absence of a naked area on the lateral corner of the snout (vs. presence; see Langeani, Araújo, 1994, fig. 2) and by a more acute snout. From R. latirostris (sensu Langeani, Araújo, 1994), by having five thin, dark-brown transversal stripes on the dorsal portion of the body (vs. six, of which the third and the fourth or the fifth and the sixth may be fused to varying degrees, but in such case always forming a broad bar).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033808FFA6FEB0FF6A2E3D07E9.taxon	description	Fig. 27	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033808FFA6FEB0FF6A2E3D07E9.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 5.0 to 5.4 times in SL; head length 2.3 to 2.4, pectoral-fin length 2.8 to 3.3 and pelvic-fin length 4.6 to 5.0 in SL; snout length 1.9 to 2.0, horizontal orbital diameter 6.9 to 7.0 and least interorbital width 2.6 to 2.7 in HL. Mouth inferior; premaxilla with 15 - 17 and dentary with 15 - 21 teeth. Longitudinal series with 22 or 23 plates. Dorsal fin with I, 7, pectoral fin with I, 6, pelvic fin with 6 and anal fin with 6 rays. Groundo color yellowish to brown; Hyaline fins, scattered with small dark-brown spots. Maximum standard length. 22.6 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033808FFA6FEB0FF6A2E3D07E9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Middle stretch of the rio Tietê, left bank of the rio Paraná, and streams of the rio Iguatemi and rio Ivinheima, both in right bank of the upper rio Paraná.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033817FFB9FCD4FDA928AA038C.taxon	description	Fig. 28	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033817FFB9FCD4FDA928AA038C.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 6.5 to 7.6, head depth 10.6 to 10.9, caudal-peduncle depth 14.7 to 15.8 times in SL; head length 2.9 to 3.4, anal-fin base length 12.1 to 12.3, adipose-fin base length 7.0 to 7.9, maxillary-barbel length 1.8 to 2.0 in SL; snout length 2.0 to 2.6, horizontal orbital diameter 5.5 to 5.8 and least interorbital width 4.8 to 5.4 in HL. Mouth prognathous, dentary slightly prognathous; dentigerous tooth plates present in both premaxilla and dentary. Dorsal fin with 7, pectoral fin with 11 - 16, pelvic fin with 7 and anal fin with 10 - 14 rays. Ground color yellowish-green; one or two black rounded blotch on flank; sometimes one black spot on superior portion of caudal peduncle. Yellowish fins, with or without dark-grey diffuse blotches (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 495.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033817FFB9FCD4FDA928AA038C.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Amazon and río Orinoco basins and Paraná- Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033817FFB9FF73FF6A292E0349.taxon	description	Fig. 27	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033817FFB9FF73FF6A292E0349.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 6.8 to 8.1 times in SL; head length 2.6 to 3.0, pectoral-fin length 3.7 to 4.7 and pelvic-fin length 4.9 to 6.9 in SL; snout length 1.9 to 2.1, horizontal orbital diameter 6.1 to 7.5 and least interorbital width 2.6 to 3.1 in HL. Mouth inferior; premaxilla and dentary with 14 - 21 teeth. Longitudinal series with 24 or 25 plates. Dorsal fin with I, 7, rarely 8, pectoral fin with I, 6, pelvic fin with 6 and anal fin with 6 rays (Calegari et al., 2013). Ground color brown; dark-brown longitudinal stripe from snout to caudal fin. Hyaline fins, with dark-brown spots; upper caudal-fin lobe with dark-brown spot close to its tip; lower caudal-fin lobe dark, with hyaline portion on its lower portion, frequently with small dark-brown spots. Maximum standard length. 37.9 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033817FFB9FF73FF6A292E0349.taxon	biology_ecology	Biological data. Males of O. polyodon have a conical urogenital papilla immediately posterior to the anus opening, longer pelvic-fin spine, shorter internarial distance, and shorter prenasal length (Calegari et al., 2013).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033817FFB9FF73FF6A292E0349.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Rio Ocoí, tributaries of the rio Verde and the rio Iguatemi drainage, right bank of the upper rio Paraná.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033817FFB9FF73FF6A292E0349.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Otothyropsis polyodon was identified as Hisonotus sp. by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Besides, it has been captured in the rio Iguatemi drainage, tributary of the right bank of the upper rio Paraná, since 2008 by V. F. B. Silva and collaborators, with its first cytogenetic record provided by Fernandes et al. (2016).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033817FFB9FF42FA29282407C9.taxon	description	Fig. 27	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033817FFB9FF42FA29282407C9.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 3.8 to 4.3 and caudal peduncle depth 7.4 to 8.3 times in SL; head length 2.5 to 3.1, predorsal distance 2.2 to 2.5, dorsalfin spine length 4.4 o 4.7, pectoral-fin length 4.3 to 4.7, and caudal peduncle length 3.5 to 3.9 in SL; snout length 1.5 to 1.6, horizontal orbital diameter 10.0 to 10.8 and least interorbital width 1.6 to 2.0 in HL. Mouth inferior; premaxilla with 16 - 57 and dentary with 19 - 59 teeth. Midlateral series with 23 - 25, predorsal series with 3 or 4, and dorsal-fin base series with 6 - 8 plates. Dorsal fin with I, 7 rays, pectoral fin with I, 6 rays, pelvic fin with i, 6 and anal fin with 6 rays. Ground color dark-grey, without blotches, as well as fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 440.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033817FFB9FF42FA29282407C9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Rio São Francisco and upper rio Paraná basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033817FFB8FCD7FA29293605E9.taxon	description	Fig. 28	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033817FFB8FCD7FA29293605E9.taxon	description	Body elongate; greatest body depth contained 4.3 to 4.4, head depth 7.5 to 7.9, caudal-peduncle depth 11.8 to 12.0 times in SL; head length 4.1 to 4.3, anal-fin base length 2.0 to 2.2, adipose-fin base length 31.0 to 34.2, and maxillarybarbel length 3.6 to 4.2 in SL; snout length 2.0 to 2.2, horizontal orbital diameter 7.7 to 8.6, and least interorbital width 2.2 to 2.3 in HL. Mouth terminal; toothless. Dorsal fin with 7, pectoral fin with 16 - 18, pelvic fin with 7 and anal fin with 55 - 62 rays. Ground color greyish dorsally, whitish ventrally. Whitish fins with dark-grey margins. Maximum standard length. 440.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033817FFB8FCD7FA29293605E9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033817FFB8FCD7FA29293605E9.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Hypophthalmus oremaculatus was identified as H. edentatus by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Littmann et al. (2015) redescribed H. oremaculatus, provided additional information on H. edentatus and proposed the new identification for the specimens from the río Paraná basin. Additionally, the same authors found an exceptional specimen in a tributary of the rio Paraná (NUP 1730) that matches the description of a new species (identified as Hypophthalmus cf. n. sp. 1, Littmann, Lundberg, in preparation) by having 61 total vertebrae, seven post-Weberian vertebrae, mental barbels not reaching pectoral fins, and dorsal-fin origin posterior to anal-fin origin (vs. 55 to 59 total vertebrae, 3 to 6 post-Weberian vertebrae, long mental barbels, extending to pectoral-fin origin or beyond, and dorsalfin origin approximately on vertical through anal-fin origin, in H. oremaculatus). However, the new species is from the rio Orinoco and Amazon basins, and, at this moment, Littmann et al. (2015) only speculated that this specimen is possible a phenotypic outlier of H. oremaculatus, or a geographic outlier of Hypophthalmus n. sp. 1. Nevertheless, H. oremaculatus is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná, and its occurrence can be associated with the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the consequent inundation of the Sete Quedas Falls.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033816FFB8FF52FB882F88044A.taxon	description	Fig. 28	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033816FFB8FF52FB882F88044A.taxon	description	Body elongate; greatest body depth contained 4.1 to 4.5, head depth 5.0 to 5.3, caudal peduncle depth 12.7 to 13.8 times in SL; head length 3.4 to 3.6, anal-fin base length 10.1 to 10.8, adipose-fin base length 4.1 to 4.4, and maxillary-barbel length 0.7 to 0.8 in SL; snout length 2.0 to 3.8, horizontal orbital diameter 3.7 to 3.9, and least interorbital width 3.5 to 4.0 in HL. Mouth subterminal; dentigerous tooth plates present in both premaxilla and dentary. Dorsal fin with I, 7, pectoral fin with I, 13, pelvic fin with 7, and anal fin with 9 - 10 rays. Ground color silvery; several longitudinal series of dark-brown blotches on flank. Hyaline fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 240.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033816FFB8FF52FB882F88044A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033816FFB8FC3BFD6B2F88032B.taxon	description	Fig. 28	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033816FFB8FC3BFD6B2F88032B.taxon	description	Body elongate; greatest body depth contained 5.3 to 5.7, head depth 6.9 to 7.9, caudal peduncle depth 12.9 to 13.2 times in SL; head length 3.7 to 3.9, anal-fin base length 10.6 to 11.5, adipose-fin base length 4.3 to 4.5, and maxillarybarbel 1.3 to 1.8 in SL; snout length 2.0 to 2.2, horizontal orbital diameter 4.5 to 5.0 and least interorbital width 4.5 to 4.7 in HL. Mouth terminal; dentigerous tooth plates present in both premaxilla and dentary. Dorsal fin with 7, pectoral fin with 14 or 15, pelvic fin with 7, and anal fin with 9 or 10 rays. Ground color light-grey. Yellowish or hyaline fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 400.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033816FFB8FC3BFD6B2F88032B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033815FFBBFC17FEAB2FF50209.taxon	description	Fig. 29	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033815FFBBFC17FEAB2FF50209.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 3.7 to 4.0 times in SL; head length 3.3 to 3.7, anal-fin base length 7.4 to 8.6, adipose-fin base length 4.2 to 4.4, maxillary-barbel length 0.9 to 1.4 in SL; snout length 2.0 to 2.3, horizontal orbital diameter 4.5 to 6.0, least interorbital width 3.3 to 3.8 in HL (Deprá et al., 2015); orbital diameter 0.8 to 1.2 in interorbital width. Mouth terminal; dentigerous tooth plates in both premaxilla and dentary; teeth absent in vomer and metapterygoid. Dorsal fin with I, 6 rays, pectoral fin with I, 11 - 14, pelvic fin with 6 and anal fin with 11 - 14 rays. Ground color yellowish; longitudinal series of dark-brown blotches. Dark-grey fins with black spots, especially on caudal and adipose fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 275.0 mm (Deprá et al., 2015)	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033815FFBBFC17FEAB2FF50209.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río de la Plata basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033814FFBAFF67FF6A29A505AA.taxon	description	Fig. 29	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033814FFBAFF67FF6A29A505AA.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 4.1 to 5.2 times in SL; head length 3.5 to 3.9, anal-fin base length 7.5 to 11.7, adipose-fin base length 3.5 to 3.9, maxillary-barbel length 1.0 to 1.2 in SL; snout length 2.0 to 2.2, horizontal orbital diameter 3.8 to 5.1, and least interorbital width 4.0 to 6.0 in HL; orbital diameter 0.9 to 1.5 times in interorbital width. Mouth terminal; dentigerous tooth plates in both premaxilla and dentary. Dorsal fin with I, 6, pectoral fin with 12 - 15, pelvic fin with 6, and anal fin with 11 - 14 rays (Azpelicueta, 2001). Ground color greyish; eight or nine dark-brown longitudinal series of spots. Light-brown fins with few dark-brown spots, occasionally inconspicuous. Maximum standard length. 190.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033814FFBAFF67FF6A29A505AA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033814FFBAFF67FF6A29A505AA.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Pimelodus microstoma was identified as P. heraldoi by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Ribeiro, Lucena (2010) proposed P. heraldoi as a junior-synonym of P. microstoma.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033814FFBAFF6FFC092FC407E8.taxon	description	Fig. 29	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033814FFBAFF6FFC092FC407E8.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 3.3 to 4.1 times in SL; head length 3.1 to 3.9, anal-fin base length 6.4 to 8.8, adipose-fin base length 4.2 to 5.2, maxillary-barbel length 0.7 to 1.9 in SL; snout length 2.0 to 2.3, horizontal orbital diameter 3.2 to 5.8, least interorbital width 2.5 to 3.4 in HL; orbital diameter 0.9 to 1.2 in interorbital width. Mouth subterminal; dentigerous tooth plates in both premaxilla and dentary; teeth present in vomer and metapterygoid. Dorsal fin with I, 6, pectoral fin with I, 9, pelvic fin with 6 rays and anal fin with 16 - 19 rays. Ground color silvery to pale yellow; four dark-brown longitudinal series of blotches, usually equal to or larger than eye diameter. Dark-grey fins with black spots, especially on caudal and adipose fins. Maximum standard length. 143.2 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033814FFBAFF6FFC092FC407E8.taxon	biology_ecology	Biological data. Lives in the mainstream, rapids and near the shore; feeds on larvae, pieces of insects, gastropods, scales and eggs; the first gonadal maturation in females occurs with 120 mm SL and in males with 100 mm SL (Azpelicueta, 1998).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033814FFBAFF6FFC092FC407E8.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033814FFBAFF6FFC092FC407E8.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Some specimens of P. mysteriosus were identified as P. maculatus by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Both species occur in the upper rio Paraná floodplain, but P. mysteriosus has been captured since 2003 by Nupélia staff. Deprá et al. (2015) widened the distribution of P. mysteriosus to the upper rio Paraná basin, previously known only from the río Paraguay and lower rio Paraná basins. Pimelodus mysteriosus is a nonnative species from the upper rio Paraná, and its occurrence can be associated with both the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the functioning of the Canal da Piracema (a fish ladder that connects the region downstream from the Itaipu Dam to the region upstream from the dam).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033814FFBAFC77FDCB2FEA038A.taxon	description	Fig. 29	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033814FFBAFC77FDCB2FEA038A.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 3.9 to 4.2 times in SL; head length 3.1 to 3.4, anal-fin base length 8.9 to 9.2, adipose-fin base length 4.9 to 6.0, maxillary-barbel length 1.6 to 1.8 in SL; snout length 2.1 to 2.3, horizontal orbital diameter 5.0 to 5.2, least interorbital width 3.1 to. 5 in HL; orbital diameter 1.5 to 1.7 in interorbital width. Mouth terminal; dentigerous tooth plates in both premaxilla and dentary. Dorsal fin with I, 6, pectoral fin with I, 13 - 15, pelvic fin with 6 and anal fin with 11 - 13 rays. Ground dark-brown; light-beige longitudinal band along lateral line; light-beige oblique bar from dorsal-fin origin to pelvic-fin origin. Hyaline fins; dorsal fin with dark-brown blotch; caudal fin with dark-brown longitudinal band on each lobe (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 330.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033814FFBAFC77FDCB2FEA038A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Widespread in South America rivers.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033814FFBAFC77FDCB2FEA038A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Pimelodus ornatus is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná and its occurrence can be associated with the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the consequent inundation of the Sete Quedas Falls.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033814FFBDFCD0FA6829470728.taxon	description	Fig. 29	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033814FFBDFCD0FA6829470728.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 3.7 to 5.2 times in SL; head length 3.1 to 3.4, anal-fin base length 8.4 to 9.0, adipose-fin base length 4.1 to 4.6, maxillary-barbel length 1.4 to 1.8 in SL; snout length 2.1 to 2.3, horizontal orbital diameter 3.5 to 5.8, least interorbital width 4.0 to 5.8 in HL; orbital diameter 0.7 to 1.5 in interorbital width. Mouth subterminal; dentigerous tooth plates in both premaxilla and dentary. Dorsal fin with I, 6, pectoral fin with I, 9 or 10, pelvic fin with 6 and anal fin with 11 - 13 rays (Britski, Langeani, 1988). Ground color light-beige; several dark-brown spots. Yellowish or brown fins, sometimes with dark-brown spots (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 190.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033814FFBDFCD0FA6829470728.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033813FFBDFF45FE4B2ACF024A.taxon	description	Fig. 30	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033813FFBDFF45FE4B2ACF024A.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 5.1 to 5.3 times in SL; head length 4.2 to 4.5, anal-fin base length 7.6 to 8.5, adipose-fin base length 2.3 to 2.6, maxillary-barbel length 1.1 to 1.4 in SL; snout length 2.0 to 2.2, horizontal orbital diameter 7.0 to 9.2, least interorbital width 2.6 to 2.9 in HL; orbital diameter 2.6 to 3.5 in interorbital width. Mouth terminal; dentigerous tooth plates in both premaxilla and dentary. Dorsal fin with 7, pectoral fin with 13 - 17, pelvic fin with 7 and anal fin with 11 - 15 rays. Ground color greyish to pale brown. Dorsal, pectoral and caudal fins grey, pelvic and anal fins hyaline (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). M aximum standard length. 680.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033813FFBDFF45FE4B2ACF024A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Amazon and río Essequibo basins, and Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033813FFBDFF18FAE928DC06E9.taxon	description	Fig. 30	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033813FFBDFF18FAE928DC06E9.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 5.8 to 6.3 times in SL; head length 2.4 to 3.2, anal-fin base length 8.4 to 8.8, adipose-fin base length 10.7 to 14.4, maxillary-barbel length 2.4 to 2.9 in SL; snout length 2.0 to 2.2, horizontal orbital diameter 9.5 to 10.8, least interorbital width 4.4 to 4.8 in HL; orbital diameter 4.4 to 4.8 in interorbital width. Mouth subterminal, premaxilla slightly longer than dentary dentigerous tooth plates in both premaxilla and dentary. Dorsal fin with 7, pectoral fin with I, 9, pelvic fin with 7 and anal fin with 12 - 15 rays. Ground color dark-grey above lateral line, whitish below; several dark-brown blotches on body. Hyaline fins with few black spots (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 860.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033813FFBDFF18FAE928DC06E9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. São Francisco basin and Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033813FFBDFC31FECB2ED6032A.taxon	description	Fig. 30	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033813FFBDFC31FECB2ED6032A.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 5.5 to 6.0 times in SL; head length 2.6 to 2.7, anal-fin base length 8.0 to 8.9, adiposefin base length 11.0 to 13.0, maxillary-barbel length 2.2 to 2.5 in SL; snout length 2.0 to 2.3, horizontal orbital diameter 10.0 to 10.8, least interorbital width 4.0 to 4.9 in HL; orbital diameter 2.4 to 2.5 in interorbital width. Mouth subterminal; dentigerous tooth plates in both premaxilla and dentary. Dorsal fin with 7, pectoral fin with I, 8 or 9, pelvic fin with 7 and anal fin with 14 - 17 rays. Ground color dark-grey above lateral line, whitish below; dark-brown loop-like transverse bars from posterior opercular flap to caudal peduncle. Dorsal and anal fins with black spots; pectoral and pelvic fins dark-grey dorsally, pale ventrally, with few black spots (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 800.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033813FFBDFC31FECB2ED6032A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Central Amazon and rio Paraná basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033813FFBDFC31FECB2ED6032A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum was identified as P. fasciatum by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Buitrago-Suárez, Burr (2007), in a taxonomic study of Pseudoplatystoma Bleeker, 1862, restricted the distribution of P. fasciatum to the Guyana region and proposed the new identification for the specimens from the rio Paraná basin. Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná, and its occurrence can be associated with the functioning of the Canal da Piracema, a fish ladder that connects the region downstream from the Itaipu Dam to the region upstream from the dam.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033813FFBFFC28FA49295107E9.taxon	description	Fig. 30	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033813FFBFFC28FA49295107E9.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 6.2 to 7.8 times in SL; head length 2.8 to 3.0, anal-fin base length 7.0 to 7.3, adipose-fin base length 14.6 to 15.0, maxillary-barbel length 2.3 to 3.0 in SL; snout length 2.0 to 2.2, horizontal orbital diameter 9.3 to 10.5, least interorbital width 2.7 to 3.0 in HL; orbital diameter 1.9 to 2.4 in interorbital width. Mouth subterminal, premaxilla much longer than dentary; dentigerous tooth plates in both premaxilla and dentary. Dorsal fin with I, 6, pectoral fin with I, 8 - 10, pelvic fin with 7 and anal fin with 17 - 19 rays. Ground color dark-brown dorsally, whitish ventrally; two dark-brown longitudinal bands, with irregular borders, one along lateral line to median caudal-fin rays and another on dorsum. Hyaline fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 605.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033813FFBFFC28FA49295107E9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Amazon, río Orinoco, río Paraná and rio Paranaíba basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033813FFBFFC28FA49295107E9.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Sorubim lima is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná, and its occurrence can be associated with the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the consequent inundation of the Sete Quedas Falls.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033811FFBFFCC0FE6828C00309.taxon	description	Fig. 31	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033811FFBFFCC0FE6828C00309.taxon	description	Body depressed anteriorly, compressed posteriorly; greatest depth contained 4.5 to 5.2 and caudal peduncle depth 6.0 to 9.3 times in SL; head length 3.3 to 4.0, adipose fin base length 3.6 to 7.0 and maxillary-barbel length 2.5 to 4.2 in SL; snout length 2.2 to 2.7, horizontal orbital diameter 6.2 to 10.9 and least interorbital width 1.8 to 2.4 in HL. Mouth terminal, teeth small and villiform; dorsal fin with I, 6, pectoral fin with I, 5, pelvic fin with 6 rays and anal fin with 6 rays (Shibatta, Benine, 2005). Ground color yellowish to pale brown; brown saddles on dorsal region. All fins with dark-brown spots; dorsal fin with two brown longitudinal bands, one past middle and another along base; caudal fin with two brown transverse bars, one at base and another past middle; adipose fin with brown transverse bar in middle. Maximum standard length. 41.8 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033811FFBFFCC0FE6828C00309.taxon	biology_ecology	Biological data. Lives in the marginal vegetation of the streams (Shibatta, Benine, 2005).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033811FFBFFCC0FE6828C00309.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Rio Paranapanema, rio Tietê basins and rio Iguatemi.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033811FFBFFF2BFD8829BA02AB.taxon	description	Fig. 30	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033811FFBFFF2BFD8829BA02AB.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 5.8 to 6.3 times in SL; head length 2.4 to 3.2, anal-fin base length 8.4 to 8.8, adiposefin base length 8.0 to 10.0, maxillary-barbel length 2.4 to 2.9 in SL; snout length 2.0 to 2.2, horizontal orbital diameter 9.5 to 10.8, least interorbital width 4.4 to 4.8 in HL; orbital diameter 1.9 to 2.4 in interorbital width. Mouth terminal; dentigerous tooth plates in both premaxilla and dentary. Dorsal fin with 7, pectoral fin with I, 9, pelvic fin with 7 and anal fin with 12 - 15 rays. Ground color greyish; dark-brown spots and irregular stripes on body. Dark-grey fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 640.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033811FFBFFF2BFD8829BA02AB.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río Uruguay and upper rio Paraná basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033811FFBFFE97FAC92FC70708.taxon	description	Fig. 30	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033811FFBFFE97FAC92FC70708.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 3.5 to 3.8 times in SL; head length 2.9 to 3.1, anal-fin base length 9.0 to 9.3, adipose-fin base length 5.9 to 6.2 and maxillary-barbel length 1.9 to 2.2 in SL; snout length 2.6 to 2.8, horizontal orbital diameter 9.9 to 11.0 and least interobital width 2.7 to 3.1 in HL. Mouth terminal, tooth plates on maxilla and dentary. Dorsal fin with I, 6, pectoral fin with I, 11 or 12, pelvic fin with 7 rays and anal fin with 12 - 15 rays. Ground color pale yellow to pale green; dark-brown irregular blotches on body. All fins dark-grey. Maximum standard length. 830.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033811FFBFFE97FAC92FC70708.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033811FFBFFE97FAC92FC70708.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Zungaro jahu was identified as Z. zungaro by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Lundberg, Littmann (2003) considered the specimens from the rio Paraná-Paraguay basin as Z. jahu, and the specimens from the Amazon and rio Orinoco basin as Z. zungaro.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033811FFBEFCD4FAA82AA607C9.taxon	description	Fig. 31	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033811FFBEFCD4FAA82AA607C9.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 3.6 to 6.9 times in SL; head length 3.2 to 4.5, adipose fin base length 10.7 to 14.4 and maxillary-barbel length 1.1 to 1.6 in SL; snout length 2.4 to 3.0, horizontal orbital diameter 13.8 to 17.9 and least interorbital width 1.9 to 2.5 in HL. Mouth terminal, dentigerous tooth plates in both premaxilla and dentary. Dorsal fin with 7, pectoral fin with I, 7, pelvic fin with 6 and anal fin with 8 - 13 rays (Shibatta, 1999). Ground color pale yellow; dorsal and lateral surfaces of head completely grey; four dark-brown transverse bars on flank, one from occipital process to lateral line, one below dorsal fin, one below adipose fin and another on posterior portion of caudal peduncle and caudal-fin base. Dorsal fin with two darkbrown longitudinal bands, one past middle and another along base; anal fin with two dark-brown stripes, one at base, other past middle; caudal fin with dark-brown transverse bar on lobes not united with dark-brown transverse bar on posterior portion of caudal peduncle. Maximum standard length. 210.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033811FFBEFCD4FAA82AA607C9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río de la Plata basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033810FFBEFF76FDEA2F7905AA.taxon	description	Fig. 31	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033810FFBEFF76FDEA2F7905AA.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 4.2 to 5.1 and caudal peduncle 9.6 to 10.6 times in SL; head length 2.9 to 3.2, anal-fin base length 7.6 to 9.9, adipose-fin base length 4.2 to 5.2 and maxillary-barbel length 3.2 to 4.6 in SL; snout length 2.4 to 2.9, horizontal orbital diameter 6.2 to 9.4 and least interobital width 3.1 to 3.3 in HL. Mouth terminal, tooth plates on maxilla and dentary. Dorsal fin with I, 6, pectoral fin with I, 6, pelvic fin with 6 rays and anal fin with 8 or 9 rays. Ground color pale yellow; dorsal and lateral surfaces of head grey, with light-beige blotch on cheek; four dark-brown transverse bars on flank, one from occipital process to lateral line, one below dorsal-fin, one below adipose fin and another on posterior portion of caudal peduncle. Dorsal fin dark-brown, with distal margin hyaline (occasionally, hyaline blotch on middle of last ray); pectoral and pelvic fins with one dark-brown stripe across middle; anal fin with two dark-brown stripes, one at base, other past middle; caudal fin with dark-brown transverse bar past middle, united with dark-brown transverse bar posterior portion of caudal peduncle and caudal-fin base by thin stripe along median caudal-fin rays, demarcating one rounded light-beige blotch on each caudal-fin lobe. Maximum standard length. 42.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033810FFBEFF76FDEA2F7905AA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033810FFBEFF76FDEA2F7905AA.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Rhyacoglanis paranensis has been captured in the rio Iguatemi, right bank of the upper rio Paraná, since 2008 by V. F. B. Silva and collaborators. Shibatta, Vari (2017) described the new genus with a new species from the upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381FFFB1FF75FBA9295900CB.taxon	description	Fig. 31	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381FFFB1FF75FBA9295900CB.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 10.8 to 11.9 times in SL; head length 4.8 to 5.1 and predorsal distance 1.4 to 1.6 in SL; snout length 2.5 to 2.9, horizontal orbital diameter 3.6 to 3.9 and least interorbital width 7.0 to 7.2 in HL. Mouth inferior; premaxilla and dentary with several small teeth, sometimes covered by skin. Dorsal fin with 12, pectoral fin with 7, pelvic fin with 5 or 6 and anal fin with 9 or 10 rays. Ground color whitish to pale yellow; dark-brown longitudinal band, from opercle to vertical through pelvicfin origin. Hyaline fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 27.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381FFFB1FF75FBA9295900CB.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río de la Plata basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381FFFB1FF2EFEEB29A305CA.taxon	description	Fig. 31	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381FFFB1FF2EFEEB29A305CA.taxon	description	Body depressed anteriorly, compressed posteriorly; greatest depth contained 5.7 to 6.8 times in SL; head length 3.7 to 4.2, pectoral fin length 4.0 to 4.2 and pelvic fin length 4.7 to 5.5 in SL; snout length 3.4 to 5.1 and least interorbital width 2.9 to 3.6 in HL. Mouth inferior, premaxilla and dentary with several small teeth. Dorsal fin with I, 4, pectoral fin with I, 5, pelvic fin with I, 3 or 4 and anal fin with 6 rays (Britski et al., 2007). Ground color dark-brown, darker dorsally, lighter ventrally. Caudal-fin base with dark-brown blotch, followed by light-beige area alternating with dark-brown area; pelvic fin with dark-brown spots; dorsal, pectoral and anal fins irregularly spotted, with light-beige areas alternating with dark-brown areas (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 24.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381FFFB1FF2EFEEB29A305CA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Amazon basin and Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381FFFB1FC2CFF6A28CD05C9.taxon	description	Fig. 31	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381FFFB1FC2CFF6A28CD05C9.taxon	description	Body cylindric anteriorly, compressed posteriorly; greatest depth contained 7.4 to 7.7 times in SL, head length 5.1 to 5.7 and predorsal distance 1.5 to 1.7 in SL; snout length 2.2 to 3.2, horizontal orbital diameter 7.2 to 9.3 and least interorbital width 3.7 to 3.8 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with several rows of conical teeth. Dorsal fin with 10, pectoral fin with 7, pelvic fin with 5 and anal fin with 9 or 10 rays. Ground color yellow to pale brown; dark-brown blotches over whole body. Caudal fin pale brown, mostly hyaline, sometimes with small darkbrown spots. Maximum standard length. 100.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381FFFB1FC2CFF6A28CD05C9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Iguaçu, Ribeira de Iguape and upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381FFFB1FC2CFF6A28CD05C9.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Trichomycterus davisi was identified as Trichomycterus sp. by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Apparently, the specimens assigned as T. davisi belongs to a species complex.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381FFFB1FCCCFC2B2F0D018B.taxon	description	Fig. 31	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381FFFB1FCCCFC2B2F0D018B.taxon	description	Body cylindric anteriorly, compressed posteriorly; greatest depth contained 5.8 to 8.5 times in SL, head length 3.9 to 4.5 and predorsal distance 1.5 to 1.6 in SL; snout length 5.3 to 9.1, horizontal orbital diameter 3.2 and least interorbital width 4.0 to 5.1 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with several rows of conical teeth. Dorsal fin with 9 or 10, pectoral fin with 6, pelvic fin with 5 and anal fin with 8 rays. Ground color yellow to pale brown; dark-brown blotches over whole body. Caudal fin pale brown, mostly hyaline, with dark-brown transverse bar close to its distal margin Maximum standard length. 54.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381FFFB1FCCCFC2B2F0D018B.taxon	biology_ecology	Biological data. Rheophilic species, occurring in the riffles areas of the streams (Bockmann et al., 2004). Feeds on aquatic insects in the dry season and on fish scales or fin rays in the wet season; first gonadal maturation size 37.7 mm SL in females and 31.8 mm SL in males (Casatti, 2003).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381FFFB1FCCCFC2B2F0D018B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Córrego São Carlos and córrego São Pedro, tributaries of the rio Paranapanema, and rio Iguatemi, tributary of the rio Paraná.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381EFFB0FC5AFF6A2E61022A.taxon	description	Fig. 32	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381EFFB0FC5AFF6A2E61022A.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 1.5 to 1.8, caudal peduncle depth 4.1 to 6.0 and head depth 2.8 to 3.4 times in SL; caudal peduncle depth 2.7 to 4.0 in body depth; snout length 2.8 to 4.0, horizontal orbital diameter 8.7 to 15.9 and least interorbital width 6.1 to 11.8 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with several small conical teeth. Lateral line with 70 - 85 pored scales. Dorsal fin with 55 - 60, pelvic fin with 5 and anal fin with 40 - 44 rays. Ground color brownish; right side of body with dark-brown irregular spots; five or six dark-brown transverse stripes; left side of body with no pigmentation. Brown fins with dark-brown spots (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 256.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381EFFB0FC5AFF6A2E61022A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Rio Paraná and rio Uruguay basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381EFFB0FC5AFF6A2E61022A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Catathyridium jenynsii is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná and its occurrence can be associated with the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir and the consequent inundation of the Sete Quedas Falls.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381EFFB0FF5FFEB429F00567.taxon	description	Fig. 32	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381EFFB0FF5FFEB429F00567.taxon	description	Body elongated, snake-shaped; greatest body depth contained 28.0 to 32.0 times in SL; head length 9.0 to 9.3 in SL; snout length 3.3 to 4.3 and least interorbital width 3.7 to 4.2 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with several small teeth. Ground color yellowish, dorsum darkgrey or - brown; several dark-grey or - brown spots on body (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 550.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381EFFB0FF5FFEB429F00567.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Drainages from Mexico to Argentina.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381DFFB3FF54FEAB2917002B.taxon	description	Fig. 33	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381DFFB3FF54FEAB2917002B.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 2.0 to 2.3 and caudal peduncle depth 5.3 to 5.9 times in SL; head length 3.0 to 3.3 and caudal peduncle length 8.8 to 11.4 in SL; snout length 3.6 to 4.6, horizontal orbital diameter 2.5 to 3.0 and least interorbital width 2.4 to 2.7 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with 3 or 4 teeth rows anteriorly. Upper lateral line with 16 or 17, lower lateral line with 7 or 8 pored scales and longitudinal series with 24 - 26 scales. Transversal series above upper lateral line with 2 ½ or 3 and below lower lateral line with 4 ½ or 5 scale rows. Dorsal fin with XIII-XV, 10 - 12, pectoral fin with 13 or 14, pelvic fin with I, 5 and anal fin with III, 8 - 10 rays (Kullander, 1984). Ground color yellowish-white to pale brown; dark-brown longitudinal band discontinuous; dark-brown transverse bars oblique on flank; dark-brown mid-lateral blotch; darkbrown blotch at base of upper caudal-fin lobe. Caudal fin with dark-brown spots only on its proximal portion; soft portion of dorsal anal fins with white spots. Maximum standard length. 103.3 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381DFFB3FF54FEAB2917002B.taxon	biology_ecology	Biological data. Lives in shallow environments and open areas (Tondato et al., 2013).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381DFFB3FF54FEAB2917002B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná and upper rio Paraguai basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381DFFB3FF54FEAB2917002B.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Aequidens plagiozonatus has been captured in the upper rio Paraná floodplain since 2014 by the Nupélia staff. This is the first record of A. plagiozonatus to the upper rio Paraná basin, and no records of this species in the lower rio Paraná are known. Therefore, A. plagiozonatus is considered a non-native species in the region, and its recent occurrence can be associated with the aquarium trade.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381DFFB3FF5CF94E2E52028A.taxon	description	Fig. 33	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381DFFB3FF5CF94E2E52028A.taxon	description	Body elongate; greatest depth contained 2.6 to 3.0, head depth 3.5 to 4.0 and caudal peduncle depth 6.0 to 7.0 times in SL; head length 2.8 to 3.2 and caudal peduncle length 6.4 to 8.1; snout length 5.5 to 6.2, horizontal orbital diameter 2.4 to 2.7 and least interorbital width 3.9 to 4.2 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with 3 or 4 teeth rows anteriorly. Upper lateral line with 5 - 15, lower lateral line with 6 - 9 pored scales and longitudinal series with 21 or 22 scales. Transversal series above upper lateral with 2 ½ or 3 and below lower lateral line with 2 ½ or 3 scale rows. Dorsal fin with XV-XVII, 5 - 7, pectoral fin with 11 or 12, pelvic fin with I, 5 and anal fin with III-IV, 4 - 7 rays (Kullander, 1982 a). Ground color whitish to yellowish; dark-brown suborbital stripe; dark-brown longitudinal band, from posterior margin of orbit to caudal peduncle, and seven dark-brown transverse bars on flank; darkbrown rounded blotch on caudal-fin base; three or four dark-brown longitudinal abdominal stripes. First two or three spines of dorsal fin, outer margin of pelvic fin and distal margin of anal fin dark-brown. Maximum standard length. 33.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381DFFB3FF5CF94E2E52028A.taxon	biology_ecology	Biological data. Feeding habit iliophagous and detritivorous (Pereira et al., 2012).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381DFFB3FF5CF94E2E52028A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río de la Plata basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381DFFB3FF5CF94E2E52028A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Apistogramma commbrae has been captured in the upper rio Paraná floodplain since 2007 by the Nupélia staff. Apistogramma commbrae is a possible nonnative species in the upper rio Paraná basin, and its recent occurrence can be associated with the functioning of the Canal da Piracema (a fish ladder that connects the region downstream from the Itaipu Dam to the region upstream from the dam), or with the aquarium trade.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381DFFB2FC29FB292AA007A9.taxon	description	Fig. 33	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381DFFB2FC29FB292AA007A9.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 1.8 to 2.2 and head depth 3.0 to 3.2 times in SL; head length 2.4 to 3.2 in SL; snout length 2.9 to 3.1, horizontal orbital diameter 4.6 to 5.2 and least interorbital width 2.1 to 2.2 in HL. Mouth terminal; outer row of premaxilla with 17 - 20, and outer row of dentary with 15 - 20 teeth, followed by three rows of conical teeth. Upper lateral line with 20 or 21, lower lateral line with 22 pored scales and longitudinal series with 14 - 15 scales. Transversal series above upper lateral line with 5 or 5 ½ scale rows, and below lower lateral line with 14 or 15 scale rows. Dorsal fin with XIV, 19 - 21, pectoral fin with 15 or 16, pelvic fin with I, 6 and anal fins with III, 15 - 17 rays. Ground color dark-brown to black; several lightbeige irregular transverse bars; superior portion of caudalfin base with black rounded ocelli, with orange margins. Dark-grey fins, sometimes dorsal, anal and caudal fins with distal margin hyaline. Males in reproductive period with yellowish-red spots on body (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 302.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381DFFB2FC29FB292AA007A9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Amazon basin and Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381DFFB2FC29FB292AA007A9.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Astronotus crassipinnis is a non-native species in the upper rio Paraná basin, and its recent occurrence can be associated with the aquarium trade.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381CFFB2FF22FDCA2E4C05E8.taxon	description	Fig. 33	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381CFFB2FF22FDCA2E4C05E8.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 1.8, head depth 2.3 and caudal peduncle depth 5.5 times in SL; head length 2.5 and caudal peduncle length 8.3 in SL; snout length 2.7, horizontal orbital diameter 3.5 and least interorbital width 2.1 to in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with many teeth rows. Upper lateral line with 20, lower lateral line with 10 pored scales and longitudinal series with 24 - 26 scales. Transversal series above upper lateral line with 4 scale rows, and below lower lateral line with 7 ½ scale rows. Dorsal fin with XV, 14, pectoral fin with 14, pelvic fin with I, 5 and anal fin with V, 16 rays. Ground color pale brown; two dark-brown longitudinal bands on flank, one superior, from orbit to caudal fin, and another inferior, from opercle to lower caudal-fin lobe; seven brown inconspicuous bars. Dorsal fin with dark-brown spots; caudal fin with darkbrown longitudinal stripes alternating with white stripes. Maximum standard length. 110.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381CFFB2FF22FDCA2E4C05E8.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paraná-Paraguay system.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381CFFB2FF22FDCA2E4C05E8.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Only one specimen of C. australis was captured in a tributary of the rio Ivinheima, right bank of the upper rio Paraná, in 2007 by Y. R. Súarez and collaborators. This is the first record of C. australis in the upper rio Paraná basin, and no records of this species in the lower rio Paraná are known. Therefore, it is considered a non-native species in the region, and its recent occurrence can be associated with the proximities of the headwaters of the rio Ivinheima (rio Paraná basin) with some tributaries of the río Paraguay, or with the aquarium trade. Commonly, C. australis present the two longitudinal bands much less conspicuous, and a prominent, clearly visible, black blotch coinciding with the superior band, longitudinally, and, with the encounter of the second and third bars, transversely. Nevertheless, the specimen recorded herein has an unusual color pattern, presenting the longitudinal bands very conspicuous, and no distinct black blotch.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381BFFB5FF52FE552967034A.taxon	description	Fig. 33	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381BFFB5FF52FE552967034A.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 2.3 to 3.7, head depth 3.0 to 3.2 and caudal peduncle depth 8.2 to 9.3 times in SL; head length 2.8 to 3.2 and caudal peduncle length 5.0 to 6.7; snout length 2.5 to 3.0, dentary length 1.9 to 2.2, horizontal orbital diameter 3.4 to 6.2 and least interorbital width 3.2 to 4.4 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla with 2 or 3 and dentary with 3 or 4 teeth rows. Upper lateral line with 70 - 85 pored scales, lower lateral line with 52 - 59 pored scales and longitudinal series with 70 - 80 scales. Transversal series above upper lateral with 10 - 14 and below lower lateral line with 17 - 23 scale rows. Dorsal fin with XIV-XVI, 12 - 17, pectoral fin with 14 - 16, pelvic fin with I, 6 and anal fin with II-III, 9 - 11 rays. Ground color yellowish-green; three or four dark-brown transverse bars; several light-beige irregular spots on body; dark-brown rounded ocelli, with yellow or white margins, on caudal-fin base. Brown or grey fins; dorsal fin with white scattered spots (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 445.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381BFFB5FF52FE552967034A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Rio Tocantins-Araguaia basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381BFFB5FF52FE552967034A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Cichla kelberi is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná and its occurence can be associated with escapes from recreational angling ponds.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381BFFB5FF5CFAA82FB3044A.taxon	description	Fig. 33	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381BFFB5FF5CFAA82FB3044A.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 3.4 to 3.5, head depth 2.8 to 3.1 and caudal peduncle depth 9.1 to 9.5 times in SL; head length 3.1 to 3.3 and caudal peduncle length 6.9 to 7.4; snout length 2.7 to 2.8, dentary length 2.0 to 2.1, horizontal orbital diameter 4.7 to 4.8 and least interorbital width 4.2 to 4.3 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla with 2 or 3 and dentary with 3 or 4 teeth rows. Upper lateral line with 89 - 98 pored scales, lower lateral line with 58 - 65 pored scales and longitudinal series with 87 - 93 scales. Transversal series above upper lateral with 13 - 15 and below lower lateral line with 20 - 25 scale rows. Dorsal fin with XIV-XVI, 16 - 18, pectoral fin with 14 - 16, pelvic fin with I, 6 and anal fin with II-III, 9 - 11 rays. Ground color greyish-blue; six or more dark-brown transverse bars; several light-beige irregular spots on body; dark-brown rounded ocelli, with yellow or white margins, on caudalfin base. Brown or grey fins; dorsal fin with white scattered spots (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 280.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381BFFB5FF5CFAA82FB3044A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Rio Tocantins-Araguaia basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381BFFB5FF5CFAA82FB3044A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Cichla piquiti is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná and its occurence can be associated with escapes from recreational angling ponds.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381BFFB5FC25FD692FD303CB.taxon	description	Fig. 34	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381BFFB5FC25FD692FD303CB.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 1.7 to 2.5, head depth 2.5 to 3.1 and caudal peduncle depth 4.9 to 6.4 times in SL; head length 1.3 to 2.4 and caudal peduncle length 10.2 to 16.4; snout length 3.0 to 3.6, horizontal orbital diameter 3.5 to 4.4 and least interorbital width 4.2 to 5.0 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla with 2 or 3 and dentary with 3 or 4 teeth rows. Upper lateral line with 14 - 17 pored scales, lower lateral line with 5 - 8 pored scales and longitudinal series with 22 - 23 scales. Transversal series above upper lateral with 2 ½ - 4 and below lower lateral line with 5 - 7 scale rows. Dorsal fin with XIII-XV, 10 - 15, pectoral fin with 12 - 13, pelvic fin with I, 6 and anal fin with III, 8 - 10 rays (Kullander, 1983). Ground color iridescent green; dark-brown transverse bars; darkbrown rounded blotch, slightly below upper lateral line; dark-brown blotch on superior portion of caudal peduncle (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 171.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381BFFB5FC25FD692FD303CB.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381BFFB4FC1DF9EE299B0528.taxon	description	Fig. 34	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381BFFB4FC1DF9EE299B0528.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 2.4 to 2.8, head depth 3.2 to 3.6 and caudal peduncle depth 6.1 to 7.2 times in SL; head length 2.8 to 3.3 and caudal peduncle length 6.5 to 7.5 in SL; snout length 2.3 to 2.9, horizontal orbital diameter 2.0 to 4.6 and least interorbital width 2.4 to 3.8 to in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with one or two teeth rows. Upper lateral line with 20 or 21, lower lateral line with 11 - 14 pored scales and longitudinal series with 28 - 33 scales. Transversal series above upper lateral line with 3 ½ - 5 scale rows and below lower lateral line with 5 - 7 scale row. Dorsal fin with XV-XVI, 11 - 13 rays, pectoral fin with 11 - 13, pelvic fin with I, 5 and anal fin with III, 8 - 10 rays (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Ground color greyish to pale brown; black rounded blotch on posterior margin of opercle; dark-brown transverse bars on flank. Dorsal, anal and pelvic fins hyaline and scattered with dark-brown spots. Maximum standard length. 170.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381BFFB4FC1DF9EE299B0528.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Africa, widely introduced everywhere (Eschmeyer et al., 2017), including Brazil.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381BFFB4FC1DF9EE299B0528.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Coptodon rendalli was identified as Tilapia rendalli (Boulenger, 1897) by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Dunz, Schliewen (2013), in a molecular phylogeny of the specimens commonly known as “ Tilapia ”, proposed the new combination. Coptodon rendalli is an African species, widely introduced in South America by fish farming.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381AFFB4FF4CF9282F980549.taxon	description	Fig. 34	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381AFFB4FF4CF9282F980549.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 3.2 to 3.9, head depth 5.0 to 5.5 and caudal peduncle depth 7.1 to 8.1 times in SL; head length 2.9 to 3.1 and caudal peduncle length 7.8 to 8.3 in SL; snout length 1.5 to 2.3, horizontal orbital diameter 3.0 to 4.2 and least interorbital width 3.5 to 4.0 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with arranged in several teeth rows. Upper lateral line with 20 - 22 pored scales, lower lateral line with 7 - 9 pored scales and longitudinal series with 33 - 40 scales. Transversal series above upper lateral with 3 to 4 ½ and below lower lateral line with 7 - 9 scale rows. Dorsal fin with XVI, 14 - 16, pectoral fin with 14 or 15, pelvic fin with I, 5 and anal fin with III, 9 - 11 rays (Kullander, 1982 b). Ground color greyish to greenish; dorsum with dark-brown transverse bars; dark-grey suborbital stripe; dark-brown discontinuous longitudinal band, sometimes inconspicuous, from snout to caudal peduncle; black rounded humeral blotch; black rounded ocelli on caudalfin base. Dorsal, anal and caudal fins with white spots; pectoral and pelvic fins yellowish or hyaline (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 176.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381AFFB4FF4CF9282F980549.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper río Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381AFFB4FCC8FCA82F9800CC.taxon	description	Fig. 34	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381AFFB4FCC8FCA82F9800CC.taxon	description	Body elongate; greatest depth contained 4.1 to 5.0, head depth 4.9 to 5.4 and caudal peduncle depth 8.4 to 9.6 times in SL; head length 3.0 to 3.1 and caudal peduncle length 7.5 to 8.2 in SL; snout length 3.7 to 4.0, horizontal orbital diameter 4.0 to 4.1 and least interorbital width 4.7 to 6.5 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with several teeth rows. Upper lateral line with 22 - 26 pored scales, lower lateral line with 10 - 11 pored scales; longitudinal series with 52 - 61 scales. Transversal series above upper lateral with 3 or 3 ½ and below lower lateral line with 6 - 9 scale rows. Dorsal fin with XX-XXXII, 9 - 11, pectoral fin with 15 - 17, pelvic fin with I, 5 and anal fin with III, 7 - 9 rays (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007; Varella, 2011). Ground color greenish; black suborbital stripe; dark-brown longitudinal band, from opercle to caudal peduncle; dark-brown transverse bars on flank; black spots on lateral line scales. Soft portion of dorsal and anal fins with dark-brown spots; black rounded blotch on caudal-fin base (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 171.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381AFFB4FCC8FCA82F9800CC.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381AFFB7FC3BF92E2F6004A9.taxon	description	Fig. 34	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381AFFB7FC3BF92E2F6004A9.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 4.0 to 5.3, head depth 5.8 to 7.1 and caudal peduncle depth 8.2 to 10.2 times in SL; head length 2.9 to 3.4 and caudal peduncle length 5.4 to 7.6 in SL; snout length 3.1 to 4.7, horizontal orbital diameter 4.2 to 6.0 and least interorbital width 6.7 to 7.8 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with many teeth rows. Upper lateral line with 22 - 26 and lower lateral line with 10 - 13 pored scales, and longitudinal series with 46 - 58 scales. Transversal series above upper lateral with 3 or 3 ½ and below lower lateral line with 6 - 9 scale rows. Dorsal fin with XIX-XXI, 10 - 12, pectoral fin with 15 - 17, pelvic fin with I, 5 and anal fin with III, 8 - 10 rays (Varella, 2011). Ground color yellowish green; black suborbital stripe; dark-brown longitudinal band, from opercle to caudal peduncle; dark-brown transverse bars on flank; brown spots on lateral line scales. Soft portion of dorsal and anal fins with dark-brown spots, sometimes forming stripes; black rounded blotch on caudal-fin base. Maximum standard length. 196.6 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381AFFB7FC3BF92E2F6004A9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
03894103381AFFB7FC3BF92E2F6004A9.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Some specimens of C. jaguarensis were identified as C. haroldoi by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Both species occur in the upper rio Paraná floodplain, where C. jaguarensis has been captured since 2004 by the Nupélia staff. Crenicichla jaguarensis can be distinguished by presenting brown spots on the lateral line scales less conspicuous and less evident, 46 - 58 scales (mode 55) on longitudinal series and 6 - 9 (mode 8) gill rakers on ceratobranchial 1 (vs. spots on lateral line scales black and conspicuous spots on lateral line, 52 - 61 scales on longitudinal series (mode 58) on longitudinal series; 6 - 8 (mode 7) gill rakers on ceratobranchial 1 in C. haroldoi; Varella, 2011).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033818FFB6FED8FC082F4F0768.taxon	description	Fig. 34	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033818FFB6FED8FC082F4F0768.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 4.1 to 4.3, head depth 5.0 to 5.4 and caudal peduncle depth 8.4 to 9.6 times in SL; head length 2.6 to 3.0 and caudal peduncle length 7.5 to 8.5 in SL; snout length 3.1 to 4.0, horizontal orbital diameter 4.1 to 4.7 and least interorbital width 5.4 to 5.9 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary teeth arranged in many rows. Upper lateral line with 26 - 28 and lower lateral line with 12 - 14 pored scales and longitudinal series with 58 - 67 scales. Transversal series above upper lateral line with 3 or 3 ½ scale rows, and below lower lateral line with 5 - 7 scale rows. Dorsal fin with XIX, 11, pectoral fin with 12 - 15, pelvic fin with I, 5 and anal fin with III, 7 rays (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Ground color pale brown; black suborbital stripe; dark-brown longitudinal band, from opercle to caudal peduncle; dark-brown transverse bars on flank. Soft portion of dorsal and anal fins with dark-brown spots, sometimes forming stripes; pectoral and pelvic fins yellowish or hyaline; black rounded blotch on caudalfin base. Additional blotches and ocelli may appear in reproductive period, mainly on fins. Maximum standard length. 195.4 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033818FFB6FED8FC082F4F0768.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná and tributaries of the stretch from Guaíra to the Itaipu Reservoir.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033818FFB6FED8FC082F4F0768.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Crenicichla sp. was identified as C. niederleinii by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Varella (2011), in a revisionary study of the Crenicichla Heckel, 1840 from the Paraná- Paraguay system, considered C. niederleinii a nomen dubium from the rio Uruguay basin, and assigned the specimens from the upper rio Paraná basin to a new species, in process of formal description.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033818FFB6FF73FF6A294C05AA.taxon	description	Fig. 34	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033818FFB6FF73FF6A294C05AA.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest body depth contained 2.8 to 3.0, head depth 4.9 to 5.4 and caudal peduncle depth 8.4 to 9.6 times in SL; head length 2.8 to 3.0 and caudal peduncle length 7.5 to 8.2 in SL; snout length 3.7 to 4.0, horizontal orbital diameter 4.0 to 4.1 and least interorbital width 4.7 to 6.5 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with many teeth rows. Upper lateral line with 20 - 22, lower lateral line with 9 - 11 pored scales, and longitudinal series with 488 - 56 scales. Transversal series above upper lateral line with 3 or 3 ½ scale rows, and below lower lateral line with 6 - 9 scale rows. Dorsal fin with XVIII-XX, 9 - 11, pectoral fin with 16 or 17, pelvic fin with I, 5 and anal fin with III, 7 or 8 rays. Ground color dark-brown; black dark-brown longitudinal and discontinuous band, from opercle to caudal peduncle; 14 - 17 dark-brown transverse stripes, sometimes fused each other. Dark fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 150.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033818FFB6FF73FF6A294C05AA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033818FFB6FCD2FD282EC003EA.taxon	description	Fig. 35	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033818FFB6FCD2FD282EC003EA.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 2.2 to 2.5 times in SL; head length 2.4 to 3.1 in SL; snout length 1.7 to 2.4, horizontal orbital diameter 2.9 to 4.7 and least interorbital width 2.7 to 3.2 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla with 2 or 3 and dentary with 2 to 4 teeth rows. Upper lateral line with 17 - 19 pored scales, lower lateral line with 10 - 14 pored scales, and longitudinal series with 24 - 27 scales. Transversal series above upper lateral line with 4 scale rows and below lower lateral line with 5 scale rows. Dorsal fin with XVI- XVII, 10 - 13, pectoral fin with 14 or 15, pelvic fin with I, 5 and anal fin with III, 7 - 10 rays. Ground color iridescent green; conspicuous dark-brown rounded blotch on flank; sometimes longitudinal rows of bluish spots on flank. Yellowish-red fins, with white small spots (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 175.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033818FFB6FCD2FD282EC003EA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Coastal drainages of Eastern and Southern Brazil, río Uruguay basin and upper rio Paraná floodplain.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033818FF89FCD2F9C92FF40509.taxon	description	Fig. 35	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033818FF89FCD2F9C92FF40509.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 2.1 to 2.5 times in SL; head length 3.0 to 3.3 in SL; snout length 1.5 to 2.4, horizontal orbital diameter 3.2 to 4.7 and least interorbital width 2.7 to 3.5 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with 2 - 4 teeth rows. Upper lateral line with 20 - 24 pored scales, lower lateral line with 17 - 19 pored scales, and longitudinal series with 32 - 34 scales. Transversal series above upper lateral line with 4 scale rows and below lower lateral line with 5 scale rows. Dorsal fin with XVI- XVIII, 10 - 13 rays, pectoral fin with 15 - 16, pelvic fin with I, 5 and anal fin with III, 7 - 8 rays. Ground color greenish or silvery; iridescent marks on lachrymal, preopercle and opercle; five inconspicuous dark-brown transverse bars on flank and caudal peduncle; black rounded blotch on flank; six to 12 longitudinal series of orange spots on flank. Caudal fin reddish with four to seven iridescent blue stripes, occasionally broken into spots. Dorsal and anal fins with iridescent blue spots, sometimes forming horizontal stripes. Maximum standard length. 200.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033818FF89FCD2F9C92FF40509.taxon	biology_ecology	Biological data. Feeds on sediment, decomposing organic matter, allochthonous plant fragments, mollusks, crustaceans, cladocerans, copepods and insects. Nests in the substrate, presents external fertilization and displays parental care. Both sexes may care for eggs and juveniles, and males usually defend the territory, while the female cares for the brood (Moretto et al., 2008; Gois et al., 2015).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033818FF89FCD2F9C92FF40509.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Rio Tocantins-Araguaia basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033818FF89FCD2F9C92FF40509.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Geophagus sveni was identified as G. cf. proximus by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Lucinda et al. (2010) described the new species from the rio Tocantins basin and distinguished it from G. proximus by not presenting a dark-grey preopercular mark. Geophaus sveni can also be distinguished by presenting four or five transverse parallel white stripes on the caudal fin, which can be broken into several spots (vs. parallel white stripes complete and horizontally directed on the caudal fin, in G. proximus) (Lucinda et al., 2010). A manuscript on the geographic distribution of G. sveni, with a genetic comparison between specimens from the rio Tocantins and from the upper rio Paraná floodplain and an analysis of the ontogenetic development of color patterns in this species is being prepared by GCD. Geophagus sveni is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná basin, and its occurrence can be associated with the aquarium trade.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033826FF88FF0DFF2A2A8F0249.taxon	description	Fig. 35	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033826FF88FF0DFF2A2A8F0249.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 2.1 to 2.6 and caudal peduncle depth 5.7 to 7.9 times in SL; head length 2.6 to 3.0 and caudal peduncle length 6.3 to. 9 in SL; snout length 2.2 to 3.2, horizontal orbital diameter 2.7 to 3.7 and least interorbital width 3.0 to 4.0 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla with 2 or 3 and dentary with 3 or 4 teeth rows. Upper lateral line with 13 - 18 pored scales, lower lateral line with 6 - 11 pored scales, and longitudinal series with 23 - 25 scales. Transversal series above upper lateral line with 3 - 5 scale rows and below lower lateral line with 7 - 9 scale rows. Dorsal fin with XII-XIV, 9 - 11, pectoral fin with 11 or 13, pelvic fin with I, 5 and anal fin with III-III, 7 - 9 rays (Reis et al., 1992). Ground color iridescent green; dark-brown transverse bars on flank and caudal peduncle; dark-brown blotch on flank; black rounded blotch on superior portion of caudal peduncle. Hyaline fins with iridescent blue stripes or spots (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 98.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033826FF88FF0DFF2A2A8F0249.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033826FF88FF69FB682EF60409.taxon	description	Fig. 35	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033826FF88FF69FB682EF60409.taxon	description	Body elongate; greatest depth contained 2.2 to 2.5, head depth 2.8 to 3.1 and caudal peduncle depth 5.4 to 6.1 times in SL; head length 2.6 to 3.2 and caudal peduncle length 6.8 to 8.8 in SL; snout length 3.1 to 3.7, horizontal orbital diameter 2.6 to 3.3 and least interorbital width 2.1 to 5.0 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla with 2 and dentary with 2 or 3 conical teeth rows anteriorly. Upper lateral line with 12 - 15 pored scales, lower lateral line with 6 to 8 pored scales and longitudinal series with 22 - 25 scales. Transversal series above upper lateral line with 2 ½ to 3 ½ and below lower lateral line with 4 or 5 scale rows. Dorsal fin with XIV-XV, 7 - 8, rarely 10, pectoral fin with 11 - 14, pelvic fin with I, 5 and anal fin with III, 7 - 9 rays (Ottoni, Costa, 2009). Ground color greyish; head and caudal peduncle with iridescent blue marks; seven darkbrown transverse bars on flank; one black rounded blotch on bar 5 and another at caudal-fin base. Dorsal and caudal fins yellowish with iridescent blue spots and distal margins iridescent blue; pectoral fin hyaline; pelvic and anal fins yellowish with iridescent blue stripes. Maximum standard length. 34.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033826FF88FF69FB682EF60409.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Rio Araguaia basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033826FF88FF69FB682EF60409.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Laetacara araguaiae was identified as Laetacara sp. by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Ottoni, Costa (2009) described the new species, L. araguaiae, from the rio Verde and rio Araguaia basins, and redescribed L. dorsigera (Heckel, 1840) from the Guaporé, Paraná-Paraguay system. It is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná basin, and its occurrence can be associated with the aquarium trade.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033826FF88FC3BFDAA2E3A0029.taxon	description	Fig. 35	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033826FF88FC3BFDAA2E3A0029.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 2.3 to 2.9, head depth 3.0 to 4.0 and caudal peduncle depth 6.3 to 7.3 times in SL; head length 2.7 to 3.2 and caudal peduncle length 7.0 to 10.0 in SL; snout length 2.5 to 3.3, horizontal orbital diameter 3.1 to 5.0 and least interorbital width 2.2 to 3.2 to in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with three or more teeth rows. Upper lateral line with 21 - 23, lower lateral line with 13 - 16 pored scales and longitudinal series with 30 - 35 scales. Transversal series above upper lateral line with 4 - 5 scale rows and below lower lateral line with 8 - 12 scale row. Dorsal fin with XVII-XVIII, 11 - 15, pectoral fin with 14 - 16, pelvic fin with I, 5 and anal fin with III, 8 - 10 rays. Ground color greyish to pale brown; black rounded blotch on posterior margin of opercle; dark-brown transverse bars on flank. Dorsal, anal and pelvic fins hyaline and scattered with dark-brown spots; caudal fin with dark-brown spots united forming transverse stripes. Maximum standard length. 200.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033826FF88FC3BFDAA2E3A0029.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Africa, widely introduced everywhere (Eschmeyer et al., 2017), including Brazil.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033826FF88FC3BFDAA2E3A0029.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Oreochromis niloticus is an African species, widely introduced in South America by fish farming.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033826FF8BFBA0F94B2AD9024A.taxon	description	Fig. 35	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033826FF8BFBA0F94B2AD9024A.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest body depth contained 2.0 to 2.8, head depth 2.5 to 3.3 and caudal peduncle depth 5.8 to 7.7 times in SL; head length 2.5 to 3.3 and caudal peduncle length 6.0 to 9.4 in SL; snout length 1.9 to 2.2, horizontal orbital diameter 2.8 to 3.7 and least interorbital width 3.3 to 3.6 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with one or two teeth rows. Upper lateral line with 17 - 21 and lower lateral line with 8 - 12 pored scales, and longitudinal series with 27 - 33 scales. Transversal series above upper lateral line with 3 ½ - 4 scale rows, and below lower lateral line with 6 - 9 scale rows. Dorsal fin with XIV-XVI, 9 - 11, pectoral fin with 13 - 16, pelvic fin with I, 5 and anal fin with III, 6 - 8 rays (Ota, 2013). Ground color greenish; dark-brown longitudinal band, from opercle to caudal peduncle; seven dark-brown transverse bars on flank. Soft portion of dorsal and anal fins with white spots; pelvic fin with iridescent blue stripe; black rounded blotch on base of upper caudal-fin lobe. Maximum standard length. 173.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033826FF8BFBA0F94B2AD9024A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Rio Tocantins-Araguaia and upper rio Paraná basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033826FF8BFBA0F94B2AD9024A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Satanoperca sp. was identified as S. pappaterra by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Ota (2013), in a revisionary study of Satanoperca Günther, 1862, restricted the distribution of S. pappaterra to the rio Guaporé and río Paraguay basins, and proposed the new identification for the specimens from the upper rio Paraná floodplain. Satanoperca sp. is currently considered non-native from the upper rio Paraná (e. g. Langeani et al., 2007; Kullander, 2012), and its occurence in the region has been associated with the filling of the Itaipu Reservoir (Júlio Jr. et al., 2009), or with the introduction from other river basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033825FF8BFED7FAEA2F0B0249.taxon	description	Fig. 36	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033825FF8BFED7FAEA2F0B0249.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 4.1 to 4.6 and caudal peduncle depth 6.3 to 7.2 times in SL; head length 3.6 to 3.9, predorsal distance 1.2 to 1.3, prepelvic distance 1.7 to 1.9; dorsal-fin base length 8.6 to 10.0, anal-fin base length 4.2 to 5.1 and head width 4.6 to 5.1 times in SL; horizontal orbital diameter 2.8 to 3.3 in HL. Mouth terminal, premaxilla and dentary with several small teeth. Longitudinal series with 29 - 31 scales and transverse series with 8 or 9 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 8 or 9, pectoral fin with 11 or 12, pelvic fin with 6 or 7 and anal fin with 13 - 15 rays. Males with ground color greyish or pale brown, with dark-brown oblique and irregular stripes, V-shaped (its vertex turned forward); dark-brown transverse stripes on opercle; dorsal, anal and caudal fins with dark-brown transverse stripes. Females with similar color pattern, besides dark-brown rounded blotch on caudal-fin base. Maximum standard length. 25.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033825FF8BFED7FAEA2F0B0249.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033825FF8BFED7FAEA2F0B0249.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Melanorivulus sp. was identified as Rivulus apiamici by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Costa (2011) included all species of the former Rivulus punctatus Boulenger, 1895 species complex in the genus Melanorivulus Costa, 2006, one of which is M. apiamici (Costa 1989). Recently, Nielsen (2016) restricted the distribution of M. apiamici to the right bank of the upper rio Paraná, between Bataguassu and Três Lagoas, State of Mato Grosso do Sul. According to literature, the only two species known from the upper rio Paraná floodplain are the recently described Melanorivulus amambaiensis Volcan, Severo-Neto, Lanés 2018 and M. ivinhemensis Volcan, Severo-Neto, Lanés 2018. We analyzed preserved specimens from the rio Ivinhema (NUP 9350) and rio Amambaí (NUP 17575) basins, as well as from other localities in the upper rio Paraná floodplain (NUP 10022 and 12082). The specimens from these lots have 22 - 26 total caudal-fin rays, which is close to the counts recorded for M. amambaiensis in the original description, and less than the counts recorded for M. ivinhemensis. In fact, Melanorivulus specimens from other nearby localities available to us also show overlapping counts: from the rio Verde basin (NUP 6217), 24 - 30 rays; from the lower rio Paranapanema basin (NUP 6060, 6075, 7598), 22 - 28 rays. Thus, we prefer to use Melanorivulus sp. until more information, such as color pattern in life, is available.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033825FF8AFC2FFB2829D80749.taxon	description	Fig. 36	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033825FF8AFC2FFB2829D80749.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 3.8 to 6.0 and caudal peduncle depth 5.1 to 6.1 times in SL; head length 3.1 to 4.2, predorsal distance 1.5 to 2.1, and gonopodium length 2.7 to 3.6 in SL; snout length 2.6 to 3.5, horizontal orbital diameter 1.8 to 2.5 and least interorbital width 1.5 to 2.1 in HL. Mouth superior, dentary prognathous; premaxilla and dentary with several small teeth. Longitudinal series with 29 - 31 scales and transverse series with 8 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 8 or 9 rays, pectoral fin with 9 - 12, pelvic fin with 6, and anal fin with 8 or 9 rays (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Ground color yellowish to pale brown; scales with dark-brown border, conferring reticulate pattern to body (except on ventral region, from one series below pectoralfin origin). Fins yellowish; dorsal fin with dark-brown blotch on distal portion; males with dark-brown transverse bar on caudal-fin base. Maximum standard length. 30.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033825FF8AFC2FFB2829D80749.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Upper rio Paraná, rio Parnaíba and rio São Franciso basins.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033825FF8AFC2FFB2829D80749.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Pamphorichthys hollandi was identified as Pamphorichthys sp. by Graça, Pavanelli (2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033824FF8AFF40FE6829B7038B.taxon	description	Fig. 36	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033824FF8AFF40FE6829B7038B.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 2.5 to 4.1 and caudal peduncle depth 5.4 to 8.1 times in SL; head length 4.0 to 5.6, predorsal distance 1.6 to 1.8, and gonopodium length 2.6 to 3.1 in SL; snout length 3.2 to 7.6, horizontal orbital diameter 1.9 to 3.0 and least interorbital width 2.3 to 2.4 in HL. Mouth superior, dentary prognathous; premaxilla and dentary with several small teeth. Longitudinal series with 26 - 32 scales and transverse series with 7 - 9 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 7 - 9, pectoral fin with 11 - 13, pelvic fin with 5 or 6 and anal fin with 8 - 10 (males) or 10 - 12 rays (females) (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007; Lucinda, 2008). Ground color yellowish brown; dark-brown lateral spot, vertically elongated; scales with dark-brown border, conferring reticulate pattern to body. Maximum standard length. 45.2 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033824FF8AFF40FE6829B7038B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paraná-Paraguay system and coastal drainages from the rio Itaboapana to the rio Araranguá.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033824FF8AFF40FE6829B7038B.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Phalloceros harpagos was identified as P. aff. caudimaculatus by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Lucinda (2008), in a systematic study of Phalloceros, described the new species, P. harpagos, from the Paraná-Paraguay system and coastal drainages of Southern Brazil; and restricted the distribution of P. caudimaculatus to the rio Mampituba, Laguna dos Patos and rio Tramandaí drainages, lower río Uruguay and coastal drainages of Uruguay and Argentina.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033824FF8AFF13F94E2E4C02CA.taxon	description	Fig. 36	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033824FF8AFF13F94E2E4C02CA.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 4.0 to 5.0 and caudal peduncle depth 6.6 to 7.6 times in SL; head length 4.3 to 4.8, predorsal distance 1.5 to 1.6 in SL; snout length 3.3 to 3.9, horizontal orbital diameter 2.2 to 2.8 and least interorbital width 2.1 to 2.8 in HL. Mouth superior; premaxilla with 12 and dentary with 13 teeth. Longitudinal series with 28 - 30 scales and transverse series with 8 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 8 rays, pectoral fin with 10 or 11, pelvic fin with 5 and anal fin with 10 (males) or 11 (females) rays (Lucinda et al., 2005; Lucinda, Graça, 2015). Ground color pale brown; scales with dark-brown border, conferring reticulate pattern to body; six to nine dark-brown rounded to irregular spots aligned on lower half of flank, alternated with dark-brown stripes. Maximum standard length. 27.9 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033824FF8AFF13F94E2E4C02CA.taxon	biology_ecology	Biological data. First maturation size estimated at 18.2 mm SL for females, which possess small fecundity and high mortality rate after the first reproduction (Súarez et al., 2009).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033824FF8AFF13F94E2E4C02CA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Only known from córrego Sossego, córrego Mirim and córrego Piraí, rio Iguatemi drainage.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033824FF8AFF13F94E2E4C02CA.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Phallotorynus pankalos has been captured in the rio Iguatemi drainage, right bank of the upper rio Paraná, since 2000 by Y. R. Súarez and collaborators. Lucinda et al. (2005), in a systematic and biogeographic study of Phallotorynus Henn, 1916, described the new species. Another Phallotorynus species, possibly new according to P. H. Lucinda (in an e-mail, lucinda @ mail. uft. edu. br, 2014), was captured in the rio Amambaí, right bank of the upper rio Paraná in 2014, also by Y. R. Súarez and collaborators. This species is similar to P. pankalos in the number of dark-brown spots on flank, but the first ones can be fused, forming a dark-brown stripe. Despite this, only two females were captured, and considering the major importance of males’ gonopodium morphology as diagnostic character, it was not included herein.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033824FF8AFC23FB292FDB01AB.taxon	description	Fig. 36	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033824FF8AFC23FB292FDB01AB.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 3.0 to 3.5 and caudal peduncle depth 6.4 to 8.1 times in SL; head length 4.2 to 4.6, predorsal distance 1.7 to 1.8 in SL; snout length 4.0 to 5.7, and horizontal orbital diameter 2.2 to 2.6 in HL. Mouth superior; premaxilla and dentary with flattened and incisiform teeth. Longitudinal series with 26 - 30 scales and transverse series with 7 - 10 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 7 - 9 rays; pectoral fin with 9 to 12, pelvic fin with 5, anal fin with 10 or 11 (females) and 8 (males) (Lucinda et al., 2005). Ground color silver-yellowish in life, and pale brown in alcohol; scales with dark-brown border, conferring reticulate pattern to body; dark-brown transverse stripes on flank; one dark-brown spot on lower half of flank, above anal fin. Dorsal-fin base hyaline, followed by dark-brown oblique stripe. Maximum standard length. 18.0 mm.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033824FF8AFC23FB292FDB01AB.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Río Paraná basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033822FF8CFF7AFAC928F60789.taxon	description	Fig. 36	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033822FF8CFF7AFAC928F60789.taxon	description	Body deep; greatest depth contained 2.9 to 3.1, head depth 3.4 to 3.6 and caudal peduncle depth 10.3 to 11.8 times in SL; head length 2.7 to 3.3, predorsal distance 1.5 to 1.8, prepectoral distance 1.7 to 2.2 in SL; snout length 3.7 to 4.2, horizontal orbital diameter 4.2 to 5.6 and least interorbital width 3.6 to 4.9 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with several teeth rows. Lateral line with 46 - 51 pored scales, transverse series above lateral with 12 - 15 and below lateral line with 15 - 20 scale rows. Dorsal fin with X, I, 29 - 33, pectoral fin with 15 - 20, pelvic fin with I, 6 and anal fin with II, 6 rays. Ground color silvery. Light fins (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 512.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033822FF8CFF7AFAC928F60789.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Amazon, río Orinoco and rio São Francisco basins, and Paraná-Paraguay system (Eschmeyer et al., 2017).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033822FF8CFF7AFAC928F60789.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Plagioscion squamosissimus is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná and its occurrence can be associated with its introduction due to commercial importance.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033822FF8CFEA7FF2A293F0269.taxon	description	Fig. 36	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033822FF8CFEA7FF2A293F0269.taxon	description	Body elongated; greatest depth contained 3.4 to 4.4 and caudal peduncle depth 4.8 to 6.0 times in SL; head length 3.3 to 4.1, predorsal distance 1.5 to 1.8 and gonopodium length 3.2 to 3.6 in SL; snout length 2.1 to 3.1, horizontal orbital diameter 2.2 to 3.5 and least interorbital width 1.5 to 2.3 in HL. Mouth superior, dentary prognathous; premaxilla and dentary with several small teeth. Longitudinal series with 26 - 28 scales and transverse series with 8 or 9 scale rows. Dorsal fin with 8 or 9, pectoral fin with 13 or 14, pelvic fin with 6 and anal fin with 8 or 9 rays. Ground color pale yellow; scales with dark-brown border, conferring reticulate pattern to body; males with several black or colored spots and irregular stripes. Yellowish fins (males with black or colored spots); superior caudal-fin rays prolonged (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007). Maximum standard length. 38.0 mm (Graça, Pavanelli, 2007).	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033822FF8CFEA7FF2A293F0269.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Drainages from Venezuela to río de la Plata basin.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
038941033822FF8CFEA7FF2A293F0269.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Poecilia reticulata is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná and its occurrence can be associated with its introduction for insect larvae control.	en	Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da, Pavanelli, Carla Simone (2018): Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2): 1-111, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170094
