taxonID	type	description	language	source
038A87E7FFA5CF591201F95CFC5F5A26.taxon	materials_examined	Other Material Examined. New Caledonia: BIOCAL, Stn CP 57, 23 ° 43.26 ' S, 166 ° 58.06 ' E, 1490 – 1620 m, 1.09.1985, 2 Ψ 17.7 and 31.1 mm; Stn CP 61, 24 ° 11.68 ' S, 167 ° 31.37 ' E, 1070 m, 2.09.1985, 1 Ψ 11.0 mm (MNHN­Na 15033); 3 Ψ 9.9 – 12.1 mm. HALIPRO 2, Stn BT 42, 25 ° 34 ' S, 167 ° 22 ' E, 1132 – 1160 m, 15.11.1996, 1 juvenile %, very damaged; 1 Ψ 20.8, 1 Ψ 22.3 mm (MNHN­Na 15041); Stn BT 74, 24 ° 47 ' S, 167 ° 41 ' E, 1213 – 1246 m, 20.11.1996, 1 % 11.9 mm; Stn BT 85, 23 ° 40 ' S, 168 ° 05 ' E, 935 – 1100 m, 23.11.1996, 1 Ψ 12.7 mm; Stn BT 95, 24 ° 00 ' S, 162 ° 08 ' E, 1224 – 1233 m, 25.11.1996, 1 Ψ 20.8 mm; Stn BT 96, 23 ° 59 ' S, 161 ° 55 ' E, 1034 – 1056 m, 25.11.1996, 1 Ψ 13.4 mm; Stn BT 106, 25 ° 27 ' S, 163 ° 16 ' E, 1315 – 1357 m, 27.11.1996, 1 % 14.1 mm; 1 Ψ 30.5 mm (MNHN­ Na 15034).	en	Crosnier, Alain, Dall, William (2004): Redescription of Hymenopenaeus obliquirostris (Crustacea, Decapoda, Penaeoidea, Solenoceridae) and descriptions of two new species of Hymenopenaeus from the Indo­West Pacific. Zootaxa 600: 1-26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158540
038A87E7FFA5CF591201F95CFC5F5A26.taxon	description	West Norfolk Ridge: NORFANZ, Stn 114 / 011, 32 ° 35.22 ' S, 167 ° 47.67 ' E, 1021 – 1052 m, 30.05.2003, 2 % 20.1 (MNHN­Na 15042) and 20.5 mm (MNHN­Na 15035); Stn 146 / 0 12, 34 ° 14.33 ' S, 161 ° 21.18 ' E, 1195 – 1202 m, 3.06.2003, 3 Ψ 19.7 – 27.3 mm. Description. Body cuticle smooth, without setae. Rostrum rather variable, more or less robust, oriented obliquely upwards, curved or straight, reaching about as far as half the second article of the antennular peduncle (rarely as far as three quarters). The upper margin usually bears 5 or 6 teeth, rarely 4 or 7, their size diminishing very slightly from the base to the extremity of the rostrum and their spacing also diminishing from the first to the penultimate; the first tooth is slightly in advance of the orbit (exceptionally level with it); the last tooth is subdistal and very close to the penultimate (Fig. 3 b), but in specimens with five rostral teeth, the space between the last and penultimate tooth is as large or slightly larger than that between the two preceding teeth. Behind the first rostral tooth is a large space followed by two postrostral teeth; the anterior of these is larger and sometimes situated at the same level as the hepatic spine, but in most cases it is situated slightly in front of it, in which case the hepatic spine is roughly midway between the two postrostral teeth. The lower edge of the rostrum is unarmed and, except for the tip, is fringed with a row of long setae (also, short setae are present between the dorsal teeth). The rostrum bears an adrostral carina, which arises in the upper orbit and extends to the tip of the rostrum. A postrostral carina interrupts the cervical sulcus and extends three­quarters the distance to the posterior rim of the carapace; a mid­dorsal tubercle is located near the posterior rim of the carapace. Each lateral face of the carapace bears four spines, antennal, postantennal, hepatic and branchiostegal, the last­named being the largest and based on the carapace, with tip reaching to or beyond the edge of the carapace; the postantennal spine almost as large, with the hepatic and antennal spines very small. There is no orbital spine. The cervical sulcus is well defined and extends almost to the mid­dorsum; the hepatic sulcus, equally well defined, is extended by the branchiocardiac sulcus, which runs obliquely upwards almost to the dorsal region of the carapace, is bordered on its lower edge by a strong carina. At the junction of the hepatic and branchiocardiac sulci there is a weak carina, which makes an angle of about 45 ° to the branchiocardiac sulcus, then turns, following the inferior edge of the carapace, progressively weakening. The eye is deep­black and relatively small (Fig. 9; eye diameter / carapace length approx. 0.11). The basal article of the antennal peduncle bears a prosartema, its tip reaching to the level of the cornea; the stylocerite is short and ends at the same level as the prosartema. The scaphocerite has a terminal spine which barely exceeds the lamella, the ratio of whose length to maximum width is around 3.25. The third maxillipeds are about 1.5 times the length of the carapace (measured from the posterior orbit to the posterior edge of dorsum); their last article is equal to 0.7 the length of the penultimate article. The first three pereopods are of increasing length, their relative lengths respectively 1, 1.5 and 2 times the length of the carapace. The first is robust, the ischium with a large fixed distal spine directed antero­ventrally, but lacks a fixed spine on the merus. The second and third pereopods are much more slender and are without fixed spines. The fourth and fifth pereopods are very long and slender. The fourth is 2.8 times the length of the carapace, and its articles from the ischium to the dactyl are in the proportions, 1.0, 3.0, 3.5, 0.7, 0.23. None of the specimens examined had complete fifth pereopods, but basis­ischium­merus­carpus was 2.85 times the length of the carapace. The distribution of gills, epipods and exopods is that usual for this genus (Pérez Farfante & Kensley, 1997, 172). Each of the fourth, fifth and sixth abdominal segments has a dorsal carina, the third ogive­shaped in transverse section, but with no true carina. Only the carina of the sixth segment ends in a spine, while those of the fourth and fifth are incised posteriorly to receive the following carina. The pleura of the fourth and fifth segments are rounded, without spines or denticles, while the ventral edge of the sixth bears a very small subdistal spine. The length of the sixth segment (measured between the articular condyle and the posterior lateral projection) is equal to 1.65 – 1.75 that of the fifth (measured between the articular condyles). The slender telson is the same length as that of the uropodal endopods and bears on each edge a long fixed spine at two­thirds its length. The thelycal plate between the fourth pereopods (sternite XIII) is a prominent, dentiform projection, more or less trihedral, the anterior face flat and oriented vertically in relation to the body of the animal, the posterior part forming two lateral oblique faces joining posteriorly and enclosing a more or less definite crest. (fig. 4). Behind this projection there is a shallow cup­shaped depression on the sternite, which is partly divided by a weak longitudinal ridge; the posterior part of the sternite forms a vertical wall formed into two weakly developed lobes separated by a small median depression (Fig. 4 c). The sternite of the fifth pereopods (sternite XIV) resembles a swollen escutcheon which occupies the length of the sternite and with a well­defined median longitudinal ridge, which terminates in an obtuse tooth abutting or almost abutting the posterior part of the preceding sternite (Fig. 4 a, b); The posterior part of sternite XIV forms a wall similar to that of sternite XIII, but with the median depression better defined; the extremities of this wall extend rearwards along the sides of a trapezoidal space about 1.5 times as wide as long. The shape of the dentiform projection between the fourth pereopods varies with the size of the specimen (Fig. 4 d – g). It begins as a small projection arising from the bulging sternite, then the anterior part projects further to form the adult tooth, which becomes rounded with age. The extremity of the median lobe of the petasma (Fig. 5) is divided by a narrow Vshaped space into two elongated lobules with pointed tips, strongly inclined towards the exterior. The inner and external edges of the anterior lobule are nearly straight, while those of the posterior lobule are curved. A little below the distal lobules, on the external edge, is an inferior lobule, also strongly curved towards the exterior and much wider than long (ratio W / L about 1.6), with strongly rounded lateral edges, the distal edge weakly rounded. The lateral lobe has a spoon­shaped distal lobule which reaches the base of the distal lobules of the median lobe. This lobule is attached by a strong peduncle and partially curves the internal face of the inferior lobule of the median lobe, described above. On the external face of the lateral lobe, at the base of the peduncle of the ovoid lobule, there is a diverticulum in the form of a long point with rounded extremity which goes round the base of the inferior lobule of the median lobe. The cincinnular part of the median lobe is short and approximately one fifth the total length of the petasma. Coloration. Fig. 14 a is from a colour transparency taken at the time of capture. The body is generally red­orange, sometimes paler, the rostrum translucent, the thoracic appendages with whitish bands and the uropods becoming brown distally. Lee et al. (2001: pl. 1 D) published a colour photograph of this species which corresponds closely with ours. T. ­ Y. Chan (pers. com.) considers that the differences in coloration to be sex related, with the males having a deep­red colour and the females being pink to somewhat yellowish. Size. The largest female observed had a carapace measuring 31.1 mm, corresponding to a total length of 113 mm.	en	Crosnier, Alain, Dall, William (2004): Redescription of Hymenopenaeus obliquirostris (Crustacea, Decapoda, Penaeoidea, Solenoceridae) and descriptions of two new species of Hymenopenaeus from the Indo­West Pacific. Zootaxa 600: 1-26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158540
038A87E7FFA5CF591201F95CFC5F5A26.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Bate (1881) had only female specimens at his disposal for the description of the species (he did not give the exact number). Six of these females, in poor state, are currently in the collection of The Natural History Museum, London. We have no doubt that our material is conspecific with the type material. The entire female illustrated by Bate appears to be lost. Bate's (1888) figure shows a rostrum slightly curved upwards, similar to that shown here (Fig. 3 a). All existing female syntypes have an obliquely ascending but straight rostrum (as is usually the case for the females we have collected), which is fairly elongate (Fig. 3 b). The form of the rostrum of H. obliquirostris females appears to be quite variable, but similar variability has been noted in other Hymenopenaeus (cf. Crosnier 1989: 45, figs. 1 a – d). With the exception of H. fallax n. sp., described and compared with H. obliquirostris under the account of the former, H. obliquirostris is closest to H. halli (Bruce, 1966). It is distinguished by the following: ﹤ The smaller eyes. (Fig. 9) ﹤ The presence of a well defined postrostral carina extending for three­quarters the distance between the cervical sulcus and the posterior edge of the carapace (absent in H. halli or barely defined, mostly in large females). ﹤ The presence of a very large branchiostegal spine, whose tip often exceeds the edge of the branchiostegite (while it never attains the edge in H. halli). ﹤ The absence of a strong, fixed spine on the ventral border of the merus of the first pereopods. ﹤ On abdominal segments 2 and 3, the portion that is overlapped by the preceding segment, is separated from the visible portion by a transverse sulcus, better defined in the dorsal part (an exception was, however, observed in a specimen of H. halli from Taiwan, which had a sulcus like that of H. obliquirostris). ﹤ The rostral teeth are fewer (usually 5 or 6, whereas H. halli usually has 6 or 7). ﹤ In the female, the dentiform thelycal plate between the bases of the fourth pereopods is massive and extends transversely (instead of being narrower and extending longitudinally). In H. halli this tooth can sometimes be conical with a slightly incurved tip, but it never extends transversely. ﹤ In the female, the median carina on sternite XIV is relatively longer in H. obliquiros ­ tris and abuts, or nearly abuts, the posterior edge of sternite XIII, whereas in H. halli this carina is usually much shorter and does not reach sternite XIII (cf. Crosnier 1989: figs. 4 a, d). (These features are not always absolute and in some H. halli the carina may abut the posterior edge of sternite XIII.) ﹤ For the females it is not certain that the relative proportions of the trapezoidal space of the posterior of sternite XIV are valid for distinguishing the two species. We have observed important variations in this respect in H. halli from Polynesia which closely approach those of H. obliquirostris. ﹤ For the male, the inclination towards the exterior of the distal lobules of the median lobe approaches 90 °, whereas in H. halli the lobules are inclined at about 45 °. ﹤ The colour in life appears to be different. From colour photographs of H. obliquirostris (the present publication and Lee et al. 2001) seems to be mainly red­orange. Conversely, H. halli, from our memory, has a duller coloration, often yellowish, but from various photos, the coloration seems to be variable (see below in the section devoted to this species). De Man (1911: 36) identified a female caught near the Kei Islands, Indonesia (5 ° 53.8 ' S, 132 ° 18.8 ' E, 560 m) as H. obliquirostris. Crosnier (1978: 123) indicated that this was an error in identification and that this specimen is H. halli. Eldredge et al. (1998) mentioned the presence of H. obliquirostris in the Hawaiian Islands, citing Pérez Farfante & Kensley (1997: 173). At present, we have been unable to confirm the source of the latter authors’ information. Crosnier (1989) noted that the specimens mentioned by Rathbun (1906: 905) under the name Haliporus equalis did not belong to this species and would have to be redescribed at a future date. The identification of these specimens as H. obliquirostris by Burkenroad is probably an error, and is perhaps the source for Pérez Farfante & Kensley’s Hawaiian record. Lee et al. (2001: 58, figs. 2 G, H, 3 K, L, 4 F, pl. 1 D) described H. obliquirostris from around Taiwan, giving figures of the rostrum, petasma and thelycum and a colour photograph. This occurrence is much further north of locations known up to this time. (These authors erroneously stated that this species had been recorded in Hawaii by Bate (1888 )). Lee et al. (2001) gave the depths of four captures from around Taiwan, 471 – 480, 626 – 632, 948 – 1020, 978 – 1008 m. While the two latter depths correspond with that of the type (951 m) and the samples of the present study (935 – 1100 m, 1490 – 1620 m), the two former depths are much shallower than expected. Figure 3 L in Lee et al. (2001) from a specimen collected at 625 – 632 m appears to be from H. obliquirostris, but we are not convinced that the same applies to the specimen from 471 – 480 m, which we believe is too shallow for this species. Unfortunately, it was not possible to reexamine the material studied by Lee et al. (2001) to confirm the identifications.	en	Crosnier, Alain, Dall, William (2004): Redescription of Hymenopenaeus obliquirostris (Crustacea, Decapoda, Penaeoidea, Solenoceridae) and descriptions of two new species of Hymenopenaeus from the Indo­West Pacific. Zootaxa 600: 1-26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158540
038A87E7FFA5CF591201F95CFC5F5A26.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Described off the Kermadec Islands (29 ° 55 ' S, 178 ° 14 ' W) at 951 m depth by Bate (1888), this species had not been recorded again until 2001 when Lee et al. recorded it off Taiwan at reliable depths between 632 and 978 m (see above). Now it is reliably recorded in the environs of New Caledonia at depths between 1034 and 1490 m and on the West Norfolk Ridge between 969 and 1345 m.	en	Crosnier, Alain, Dall, William (2004): Redescription of Hymenopenaeus obliquirostris (Crustacea, Decapoda, Penaeoidea, Solenoceridae) and descriptions of two new species of Hymenopenaeus from the Indo­West Pacific. Zootaxa 600: 1-26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158540
038A87E7FFAECF5D1201FC40FC9B5A7E.taxon	description	Types. Hawaii: Albatross Exped., Stn 4106, Kaiwi Channel, 613 – 640 m, 24.07.1902, 1 ɗ paratype 16.3 mm and Ψ holotype, 28.7 mm (USNM 30919); Stn 4029, vic. Kauai Id, 875 – 832 m, 24.06.1902, 1 ɗ allotype 18.8 mm (USNM 30918); Stn 3989, vic. Kauai Id, 914 – 704 m, 11.06.1902, 1 Ψ paratype 21.8 mm (USNM 30914); Stn 4110, Kaiwi Channel, 821 – 841 m, 24.07.1902, 1 ɗ paratype, 18.2 mm (USNM 30922); Stn 4153, vic. Modu Manu Id, 1760 – 1937 m, 5.08.1902, 1 Ψ paratype 24.1 mm (USNM 30924).	en	Crosnier, Alain, Dall, William (2004): Redescription of Hymenopenaeus obliquirostris (Crustacea, Decapoda, Penaeoidea, Solenoceridae) and descriptions of two new species of Hymenopenaeus from the Indo­West Pacific. Zootaxa 600: 1-26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158540
038A87E7FFAECF5D1201FC40FC9B5A7E.taxon	materials_examined	Other material examined. Hawaii: Albatross Exped., Kaiwi Channel, 627 m, 4.12.1891, 2 juv. 10.8 and 11.0 mm (USNM 30909); Stn 3471, Kaiwi Channel, 617 m, 4.12.1891, 2 juv. 10.5 mm (USNM 30910); Stn 3474, Kaiwi Channel, 686 m, 6.12.1891, 1 ɗ 16.1 mm; 1 Ψ (USNM 30911) from fish stomach; Stn 3475, Kaiwi Channel, 642 m, 6.12.1891, 1 Ψ 21.0 mm (USNM 30912); Stn 3988, Kauai Id, 857 – 302 m, 11.06.1902, 1 juv. 11.1 mm (USNM 30913); Stn 4022, vic. Kauai Id, 729 – 684 m, 21.06.1902, 2 Ψ 16.9 and 17.4 mm (USNM 30916); Stn 4028, vic. Kauai Id, 812 – 875 m, 24.06.1902, 1 Ψ 20.4 mm (USNM 30917); Stn 4107, Kaiwi Channel, 640 – 649 m, 24.07.1902, 2 ɗ 14.0 mm and 19.0 mm (USNM 30920); Stn 4108, Kaiwi Channel, 752 – 809 m, 24.07.1902, 1 Ψ 12.2 mm (USNM 30921); Stn 4112, Kaiwi Channel, 818 – 791 m, 24.07.1902, 1 Ψ 14.5 mm (USNM 30923); Stn 4157, vic. Modu Manu Id, 1394 – 1829 m, 6.08.1902, 1 juv. 12.0 mm (USNM 30925); Stn 4166, vic. Modu Manu Id, 536 – 1463 m, 8.08.1902, 1 juv. 10.0 mm (USNM 30926).	en	Crosnier, Alain, Dall, William (2004): Redescription of Hymenopenaeus obliquirostris (Crustacea, Decapoda, Penaeoidea, Solenoceridae) and descriptions of two new species of Hymenopenaeus from the Indo­West Pacific. Zootaxa 600: 1-26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158540
038A87E7FFAECF5D1201FC40FC9B5A7E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Body cuticle smooth, without setae. Rostrum bearing 5 or 6 dorsal rostral teeth, none ventral. A postrostral carina, clearly defined, extending for three­quarters the distance between the cervical sulcus and the posterior border of the carapace. Hepatic, antennal, postantennal and branchiostegal spines slender, the last the strongest, with its tip varying from almost reaching to slightly exceeding the anterior edge of the carapace. Eye relatively small, colour a clear brown. Merus of the first pereopods without a fixed spine on the internal edge. Thelycum on sternite XIII, between the fourth pereopods, projecting in the form of the tip of a tongue, very flattened antero­posteriorly; the posterior part of the sternite bears on each side, two well­developed projecting transverse plates. Sternite XIV bears a prominent swelling, more or less in the shape of an escutcheon, and with a median ridge, which does not have a terminal tooth abutting the posterior of sternite XIII. Petasma with a median lobe whose extremity is divided into two elongate lobules, each terminating in a point, separated by a V­shaped opening; anterior lobule very asymmetric, with exterior edge very curved and interior edge almost straight; posterior lobule more symmetrical with the edges slightly curved; below these lobules on the external side, an inferior lobule regularly rounded and scarcely wider than long; lateral lobe showing on the external face an extended distal lobule, roughly ovoid, which partly covers the inferior lobule of the median lobe. Coloration. Unknown.	en	Crosnier, Alain, Dall, William (2004): Redescription of Hymenopenaeus obliquirostris (Crustacea, Decapoda, Penaeoidea, Solenoceridae) and descriptions of two new species of Hymenopenaeus from the Indo­West Pacific. Zootaxa 600: 1-26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158540
038A87E7FFAECF5D1201FC40FC9B5A7E.taxon	description	Size. The largest female examined had a carapace of 28.7 mm, which corresponds with a total length of about 104 mm.	en	Crosnier, Alain, Dall, William (2004): Redescription of Hymenopenaeus obliquirostris (Crustacea, Decapoda, Penaeoidea, Solenoceridae) and descriptions of two new species of Hymenopenaeus from the Indo­West Pacific. Zootaxa 600: 1-26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158540
038A87E7FFAECF5D1201FC40FC9B5A7E.taxon	etymology	Etymology. From the Latin fallax, deceptive, evoking the ease with which this species may be confused with H. obliquirostris.	en	Crosnier, Alain, Dall, William (2004): Redescription of Hymenopenaeus obliquirostris (Crustacea, Decapoda, Penaeoidea, Solenoceridae) and descriptions of two new species of Hymenopenaeus from the Indo­West Pacific. Zootaxa 600: 1-26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158540
038A87E7FFAECF5D1201FC40FC9B5A7E.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species is close to H. obliquirostris, having a well defined postrostral carina and the merus of the first pereopods lacking a fixed spine, contrary to that seen in other Indo­West Pacific Hymenopenaeus species. The rostrum and spines on the carapace, particularly the branchiostegal spine, closely resemble those of H. obliquirostris. Hymenopenaeus fallax may be easily separated from H. obliquirostris by comparison of features of the genitalia, particularly the thelycum. Thus the female H. obliquirostris has a strong trihedral dentiform projection on sternite XIII between the fourth pereopods, the edges sharper in juveniles (Fig. 4), whereas H. fallax has a tongue­like projection, flattened antero­posteriorly, directed obliquely towards the rear and more or less rounded (Fig. 7). In H. obliquirostris on sternite XIV, between the fifth pereopods, the escutcheonshaped swelling has a longitudinal median ridge with a strong anterior tooth which abuts the posterior edge of sternite XIII (Fig. 4 a), whereas in H. fallax the median ridge is strongly convex and stops well short of sternite XIII (Figs. 7 a, b, c). The posterior edge of sternite XIII with a median depression between two projections is much more developed in H. fallax (Fig. 7 d) than in H. obliquirostris (Fig. 4 c). In the males the distinction is more difficult to make on account of the variability observed. In general the petasma of H. fallax may be distinguished from that of H. obliquirostris by the external edge of the anterior distal lobule of the median lobe being more convex and the inferior lobule situated under the distal lobules much smaller and more rounded. Also, the distal ovoid lobule of the lateral lobe is relatively smaller than in H. obliquirostris. The differences described above are difficult to appreciate without having specimens of both species for comparison. An example of the variation encountered is given in figures 8 d and e.	en	Crosnier, Alain, Dall, William (2004): Redescription of Hymenopenaeus obliquirostris (Crustacea, Decapoda, Penaeoidea, Solenoceridae) and descriptions of two new species of Hymenopenaeus from the Indo­West Pacific. Zootaxa 600: 1-26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158540
038A87E7FFAECF5D1201FC40FC9B5A7E.taxon	distribution	Distribution. This species is not known outside the Hawaiian Islands. It was collected at a depth of 617 m and also between 1760 – 1937 m.	en	Crosnier, Alain, Dall, William (2004): Redescription of Hymenopenaeus obliquirostris (Crustacea, Decapoda, Penaeoidea, Solenoceridae) and descriptions of two new species of Hymenopenaeus from the Indo­West Pacific. Zootaxa 600: 1-26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158540
038A87E7FFAACF401201FC18FDC358CE.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. We are not detailing here the very numerous collections at our disposal, mentioning only that they come from Madagascar, Australia, the Philippines, Indonesia, Chesterfield Islands, New Caledonia, Vanuatu, Fiji and Tonga Islands and French Polynesia (Marquesas and Austral Islands).	en	Crosnier, Alain, Dall, William (2004): Redescription of Hymenopenaeus obliquirostris (Crustacea, Decapoda, Penaeoidea, Solenoceridae) and descriptions of two new species of Hymenopenaeus from the Indo­West Pacific. Zootaxa 600: 1-26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158540
038A87E7FFAACF401201FC18FDC358CE.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species, as the above synonymy shows, has an abundance of descriptions and figures, which we will not dwell on here, but will stress the differences between the specimens from diverse origins, variations which, in the majority of cases, are difficult to quantify. These variations in particular bear on: ﹤ The rostrum, which shows the same variations in shape, length and slenderness found in other species of Hymenopenaeus. ﹤ The first rostral tooth is usually clearly in advance of the posterior rim of the orbit, but sometimes at the same level. ﹤ The size of the eyes (often difficult to measure owing to the poor state of preservation). For example, the specimens collected off the northeastern coast of Australia during the cruise CIDARIS had eyes intermediate in size between those of specimens from Madagascar, Philippines, New Caledonia and Polynesia and those of H. obliquirostris (Fig. 9). ﹤ The size of the spines on the carapace, in particular those on the branchiostegite. The specimens from the northeast coast of Australia and the Austral Islands (French Polynesia) display spines a little longer than those on specimens from Madagascar, Philippines and New Caledonia. ﹤ The shape of the tooth between the female fourth pereopods. Usually more or less flat and elongate (Fig. 10 a, e), this tooth can be small and conical, as previously illustrated by Hayashi (1992, fig. 100 d). ﹤ The trapezoidal space formed by the posterior lateral ridges of the last thoracic sternite of the female varies much in height and width with the various regions. We note here that the keys of Burukovsky (1974, 1983) are in error, as they show that H. obliquirostris has a spine on the merus of the first pereopods, but is absent in H. halli (the inverse of what is actually observed). Colour. Several colour photographs of this species are available. They lack uniformity. Those of Hayashi (1986) show a specimen with an abnormal rostrum and with a scarlet­red colour, totally different from the whitish­yellow or pink colour which one of us (A. C.) has observed during various cruises at sea. The specimen in the photograph published by Lee et al. (2001) has a yellowish abdomen, much closer to reality. In a photograph taken near the Chesterfield Islands, the body is pinkish­red, the rostrum and postrostral teeth and the antennular flagella white, with the distal region of the external uropods a dark violet.	en	Crosnier, Alain, Dall, William (2004): Redescription of Hymenopenaeus obliquirostris (Crustacea, Decapoda, Penaeoidea, Solenoceridae) and descriptions of two new species of Hymenopenaeus from the Indo­West Pacific. Zootaxa 600: 1-26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158540
038A87E7FFAACF401201FC18FDC358CE.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The geographic distribution of this species covers a major part of the Indo – West Pacific. It has been collected from the East African coast and Madagascar to Australia, Taiwan, Japan, the Philippines, Indonesia, New Caledonia, Vanuatu, Fiji, Wallis and Futuna Islands and French Polynesia (Marquesas and Austral Islands), at depths between 400 and 1320 m.	en	Crosnier, Alain, Dall, William (2004): Redescription of Hymenopenaeus obliquirostris (Crustacea, Decapoda, Penaeoidea, Solenoceridae) and descriptions of two new species of Hymenopenaeus from the Indo­West Pacific. Zootaxa 600: 1-26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158540
038A87E7FFB7CF471201FDE8FD8F58E6.taxon	materials_examined	Types. Chesterfield Islands: MUSORSTOM 5, Stn CC 384, 19 ° 42.40 ' S, 158 ° 50.80 ' E, 756 – 772 m, 21.10.1986, Ψ holotype 21.9 mm (MNHN­Na 15036); Stn CC 365, 19 ° 42.82 ' S, 158 ° 48.00 ' E, 710 m, 19.10.1986, ɗ allotype 18.9 mm (MNHN­Na 15037). The specimens listed in the section " Other Material Examined " are all paratypes. Other material examined. Chesterfield Islands: MUSORSTOM 5, Stn DW 313, 22 ° 24.31 ' S, 159 ° 32.53 ' E, 780 – 930 m, 13.10.1986, 1 Ψ 19.0 mm (MNHN­Na 15067); Stn CP 363, 19 ° 47.90 ' S, 158 ° 44.30 ' E, 685 – 700 m, 19.10.1986, 1 juv. 9.6 mm; 3 Ψ 10.2 – 16.4 mm; Stn CP 364, 19 ° 45.30 ' S, 158 ° 46.50 ' E, 675 m, 19.10.1986, 2 Ψ 17.1 and 19.8 mm; Stn CC 365, 19 ° 42.82 ' S, 158 ° 48.00 ' E, 710 m, 19.10.1986, 1 ɗ 17.7 mm, plus 5 ɗ with bopyrid 14.2 – 19.5 mm; 4 Ψ 17.7 – 19.7 mm, plus 2 Ψ with bopyrid 18.2 and 20.7 mm; Stn CC 366, 19 ° 45.40 ' S, 158 ° 45.62 ' E, 650 m, 19.10.1986, 7 ɗ 16.7 – 20.5 mm (with bopyrid); 12 Ψ 15.3 – 21,6 mm (with bopyrid); Stn CC 384, 19 ° 42.40 ' S, 158 ° 50.80 ' E, 756 – 772 m, 21.10.1986, 3 ɗ 12.3 – 19.1 mm, 1 ɗ 17.7 mm (figured, MNHN­Na 15039), 1 ɗ 18.3 mm (figured, MNHN­Na 15065), 5 Ψ 12.7 – 20.5 mm, 1 Ψ 16.5 mm (figured, MNHN­Na 15040), 2 ɗ 18.4 and 18.8 mm (QM), 2 Ψ 19.7 and 20.6 mm (QM); Stn CP 386, 20 ° 56.21 ' S, 160 ° 51.12 ' E, 755 – 770 m, 22.10.1986, 1 juv. 9.5 mm, 1 ɗ 17.9 mm; Stn CP 387, 20 ° 53.41 ' S, 160 ° 51.12 ' E, 650 – 660 m, 22.10.1987, 2 ɗ 13.9 mm and 17.6 mm (with bopyrid); Stn CC 390, 21 ° 00.90 ' S, 160 ° 50.30 ' E, 745 – 825 m, 22.10.1986, 1 juv. 9.0 mm, 2 ɗ 14.2 and 17.9 mm; 3 Ψ 16.2 – 20.9 mm. New Caledonia: BIOCAL, Stn CP 31, 23 ° 07.26 ' S, 166 ° 50.45 ' E, 850 m, 29.08.1985, 1 ɗ 15.1 mm; 2 Ψ 19.2 and 21.5 mm; Stn CP 52, 23 ° 05.79 ' S, 167 ° 46.54 ' E, 540 – 600 m, 31.08.1985, 1 Ψ 20.7 mm (with bopyrid).	en	Crosnier, Alain, Dall, William (2004): Redescription of Hymenopenaeus obliquirostris (Crustacea, Decapoda, Penaeoidea, Solenoceridae) and descriptions of two new species of Hymenopenaeus from the Indo­West Pacific. Zootaxa 600: 1-26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158540
038A87E7FFB7CF471201FDE8FD8F58E6.taxon	description	BATHUS 1, Stn CP 709, 21 ° 41.78 ' S, 166 ° 37.88 ' E, 650 – 800 m, 19.03.1993, 4 ɗ 12.1 – 18.4 mm; 1 Ψ 13.2 mm. BATHUS 2, Stn CP 765, 22 ° 09.6 ' S, 166 ° 02.8 ' E, 600 – 630 m, 17.05.1993, 2 ɗ 15.5 mm (with bopyrid) and 13.7 mm; Stn CP 766, 22 ° 10 ' S, 166 ° 01.7 ' E, 650 – 724 m, 17.05.1993, 5 ɗ 12.8 – 16.2 mm; Stn CP 771, 22 ° 09.52 ' S, 166 ° 01.75 ' E, 610 – 800 m, 18.05.1993, 2 ɗ 17.5 and 18.8 mm, 2 Ψ 14.0 and 15.6 mm, plus 4 Ψ 16.8 – 20.1 mm (with bopyrid). BATHUS 3, Stn DW 786, 23 ° 54 ' S, 169 ° 49 ' E, 699 – 715 m, 25.11.1993, 1 ɗ 16.7 mm (photograph, MNHN­Na 15038); Stn CP 842, 23 ° 05 ' S, 166 ° 48 ' E, 830 m, 1.12.1993, 1 Ψ 15.5 mm. HALIPRO 1, Stn CH 874, 23 ° 05 ' S, 166 ° 48 ' E, 708 – 830 m, 30.03.1994, 3 ɗ 14.7 – 15.5 mm; 5 Ψ 11,7 – 18.3 mm; 1 Ψ 20.5 mm (figured, MNHN­Na 15066). BATHUS 4, Stn CP 950, 20 ° 31.93 ' S, 164 ° 56.11 ' E, 705 – 750 m, 10.08.1994, 1 Ψ 16.1 mm. BERYX 11, Stn CP 59, 23 ° 19.45 ' S, 167 ° 59.85 ' E, 750 – 800 m, 22.10.1992, 2 ɗ 10.9 and 16.4 mm; 1 Ψ 11.5 mm; Stn CP 60, 23 ° 19.00 ' S, 168 ° 00.37 ' E, 580 – 600 m, 22.10.1992, 1 Ψ (with bopyrid). Loyalty Islands: MUSORSTOM 6, Stn CP 438, 20 ° 23.00 ' S, 166 ° 20.10 ' E, 780 m, 18.02.1989, 1 ɗ 14.0 mm; 2 Ψ 12.0 and 19.4 mm. Vanuatu: MUSORSTOM 8, Stn CC 996, 18 ° 52.41 ' S, 168 ° 55.73 ' E, 764 – 786 m, 24.09.1994, 1 Ψ 17.7 mm. West Norfolk Ridge: NORFANZ, Stn 043 / 76, 26 ° 25.94 ' S, 167 ° 10.87 ' E, 750 – 774 m, 18.05.2003, 2 ɗ 15.7 and 17.1 mm; 2 Ψ 16.2 and 20.5 mm (ex QM). Tonga Islands: BORDAU 2, Stn CP 1625, 23 ° 28 ' S, 176 ° 22 ' W, 824 m, 19.06.2000, 2 Ψ 18.1 and 20.4 mm. Description. Body cuticle smooth, without setae. Rostrum usually straight, rarely slightly downcurved, oriented upwards, varying from fairly robust to slender (Figs. 11 a – d), with its tip reaching from the level of the base to half the second article of the antennule in the female and not exceeding the first article in the male, save with rare exceptions. The upper edge of the rostrum is armed with 5 or 6 teeth, diminishing gradually in size from the base to the tip, their spacing diminishing similarly; first tooth well in advance of the posterior rim of the orbit. Behind the first rostral tooth is a large space followed by two postrostral teeth of which the anterior is larger and situated just behind the level of the hepatic spine. The lower edge of the rostrum is unarmed and, except for the tip, is fringed with a row of long setae (also, short setae are present between the dorsal teeth). The rostrum bears an adrostral carina, which arises in the upper orbit and extends to the tip of the rostrum. The posterior rostral tooth has a short extension to the cervical sulcus but does not cross it, so that there is no postrostral carina behind the cervical sulcus. A small dorsal subdistal tubercle, poorly defined, is visible near the posterior mid­dorsal edge of the carapace. There are four spines on each lateral face of the carapace, antennal, postantennal, hepatic and branchiostegal; the latter, situated behind the anterior edge of the carapace, and the postantennal are of similar size and obviously stronger than the hepatic, which is slender, and the antennal, which is short and wide. There is no orbital spine. The sulci of the carapace, with the exception of the cervical sulcus and part of the branchiostegal sulcus, are poorly defined. The eye is large and, in alcohol, brown coloured. The basal article of the antennule bears a short prosartema, only very slightly exceeding the level of the base of the cornea; the stylocerite is equally short and ends at the same level as the prosartema. The scaphocerite, with a length / width ratio of 3.25, has a terminal spine which barely exceeds the tip of the blade. The third maxillipeds are 1.7 times the length of the carapace (measured from the posterior edge of the orbit to the posterior edge of the carapace); their last segment is equal to 0.7 the length of the penultimate. The first three pereopods are equal to about 1, 1.4 and 1.6 times the length of the carapace. The first is the strongest and has a merus with a fixed spine on the internal edge at one quarter its length from the tip, and an ischium with a long fixed spine directed anteroventrally. The following pereopods are much more slender and without fixed spines. The fourth and fifth pereopods are very long and slender. The fourth is twice as long as the carapace, its articles, from the ischium to the dactyl, in the proportions of 1, 2, 2.1, 0.6, 0.3. The fifth is 2.6 times the length of the carapace, its articles, from the ischium to the dactyl, in the proportions of 1, 2.5, 2.3, 1,7, 0.3. The distribution of the gills, epipods and exopods is that usual for the genus (Pérez Farfante & Kensley, 1997, 172). The fourth, fifth and sixth abdominal segments are dorsally carinated; the third is without a trace of a carina or an ogive shape in transverse section. Only the carina of the sixth segment ends in a spine, whereas those of the fourth and fifth segments are incised to admit the carina of the following segment. The pleurons of the fourth and fifth segments are rounded, without a spine or denticle. The ventral edge of the pleuron of the sixth bears a very small subdistal spine. The length of the sixth segment (measured between the articulation condyle and the lateral posterior point) is equal to 1.55 – 1.65 times that of the fifth (measured between the articulation condyles). The telson is elongate, the same length as the internal uropods, and bears on each side a long fixed spine at two­thirds its length. Thelycum (Fig. 12), between the fourth pereopods (sternite XIII), bears a transverse projection reminiscent of the tip of a tongue directed backwards. The sternite behind this projection is excavated to form a feeble depression divided by an indistinct, weak longitudinal median ridge; the posterior part of the sternite forms a surrounding rounded ridge (roll – like) without any projection. Sternite XIV presents a prominent swelling, occupying almost all of its length between the fifth pereopods, and with a median crest which abuts the rounded posterior of the preceding sternite. The posterior part of the sternite forms two rounded ridges much more prominent than those of the preceding sternite, which are clearly interrupted in the middle by a deep depression. These ridges are extended to the rear along the sides of the sternite, leaving between them a trapezoidal space about 5 times as wide at the base as long. The median lobe of the petasma (Fig. 13) is divided at its extremity into two narrow elongate lobules, separated by a deep V­shaped space, and inclined to the exterior; the anterior lobule has a curved external edge, with the internal edge almost straight and forming a sharp tip; the posterior lobule is of a similar shape, but wider with a more curved external edge and a less acute tip. Below the distal lobules, on the external side and separated from them by a U­shaped space, is a blunt hook­shaped projection with its tip forming a third lobule much shorter and wider than the distal lobules. The lateral lobe ends in a large blunt point, which reaches the level of one third the length of the distal lobules of the median lobe, passing behind the hook of this lobe; at the base of this hook on the internal side another point separates, much smaller, which is partly recurved to the dorsal side towards the hook of the external lobe. The part bearing the cincinnuli of the median lobe is short, not exceeding one fifth the total length of the petasma. Coloration. The only colour photograph we have of this species (Figs. 14 b – c) shows an animal of pink colour, with small white zones mainly on the rostrum, the postrostral spines, certain parts of the branchial area of the carapace, the posterior border of the upper area of the first four abdominal segments, the upper edge of the fifth and sixth abdominal segments, the rami of the pleopods and the distal part of the telson and uropods. It is not known how long after capture this photograph was taken.	en	Crosnier, Alain, Dall, William (2004): Redescription of Hymenopenaeus obliquirostris (Crustacea, Decapoda, Penaeoidea, Solenoceridae) and descriptions of two new species of Hymenopenaeus from the Indo­West Pacific. Zootaxa 600: 1-26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158540
038A87E7FFB7CF471201FDE8FD8F58E6.taxon	etymology	Etymology. From the Greek meta which marks a change, joined by elision to halli, the name of the species of Hymenopenaeus described by Bruce in 1966.	en	Crosnier, Alain, Dall, William (2004): Redescription of Hymenopenaeus obliquirostris (Crustacea, Decapoda, Penaeoidea, Solenoceridae) and descriptions of two new species of Hymenopenaeus from the Indo­West Pacific. Zootaxa 600: 1-26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158540
038A87E7FFB7CF471201FDE8FD8F58E6.taxon	discussion	Remarks. H. methalli is especially close to H. halli (Bruce, 1966). However, it may be distinguished easily by the parts of the genitalia: The thelycal plate between the fourth pereopods (sternite XIII), has a transverse projection reminiscent of the tip of a tongue directed backwards (Figs. 12 a, b) (instead of a sharp tooth, either conical or flattened lengthways, Figs. 10 a – e). Also, the posterior part of the same sternite (Fig. 12 c) forms a smooth roll, separated by a median depression (instead of showing two strong projections separated by a median depression, Fig. 10 c). On sternite XIV the median carina of the projection between the fifth pereopods abuts against the rounded posterior sternite preceding it, whereas in H. halli it ends well behind the posterior face of sternite XIII (however, this character is not constant and in some specimens this carina does abut the posterior of sternite XIII). Petasma: the inferior lobule of the median lobe located under the posterior distal lobule is not ovate (Fig. 10) and clearly less developed (Fig. 13) compared with that of H. halli. The posterior edge of the lateral lobe is much less sinuous than that of H. halli and the distal part becomes thinner progressively and regularly to form a wide point. In contrast, that of H. halli shows a strong subdistal narrowing, expanding to a lengthened lobule at the right anterior edge. The distal lobules of the median lobe differ also in that they are less lanceolate (Fig. 10 g). This species is frequently parasitised by a bopyrid. The collection made at station 366 on the cruise MUSORSTOM 5 found 7 males and 12 females all parasitised. Size. The largest female observed had a carapace measuring 21.9 mm, which corresponds with a total length of 80.4 mm. The largest male had a carapace length of 20.5 mm	en	Crosnier, Alain, Dall, William (2004): Redescription of Hymenopenaeus obliquirostris (Crustacea, Decapoda, Penaeoidea, Solenoceridae) and descriptions of two new species of Hymenopenaeus from the Indo­West Pacific. Zootaxa 600: 1-26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158540
038A87E7FFB7CF471201FDE8FD8F58E6.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Hymenopenaeus methalli has been collected around New Caledonia, Vanuatu and the Chesterfield Islands, at reliably recorded depths between 600 and 850 m, at the Tonga Islands at 824 m depth, and on the North Norfolk Rise (26 ° S, 167 ° E) at depths between 750 and 774 m.	en	Crosnier, Alain, Dall, William (2004): Redescription of Hymenopenaeus obliquirostris (Crustacea, Decapoda, Penaeoidea, Solenoceridae) and descriptions of two new species of Hymenopenaeus from the Indo­West Pacific. Zootaxa 600: 1-26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158540
