taxonID	type	description	language	source
387343190EF553E98A5C25D03566377D.taxon	description	Description. Gynodioecious, dioecious, hermaphrodite or apomictic perennials, ranging from rounded vegetable hedgehogs less than 0.5 m tall to erect 4 m tall tussocks; innovations intravaginal; spreading stolons rare. Leaf sheaths variable: persisting intact, or fragmenting transversely, or decaying into a tangled mass of fibres, or occasionally persisting as burnt-off sheaths; glabrous or more rarely covered in a dense indumentum. Ligule of one or many rows of cilia, to 5 mm long. Leaf blades to 2 m long, tough, expanded, rolled or folded, occasionally pungent, usually persistent but occasionally disarticulating above the ligule, sometimes with an adaxial weft of hairs directly above the ligule; margins sometimes roughly scabrid and cutting. Inflorescences paniculate, sometimes compact but usually plumose, to 1 m long, many-spikeleted, pedicels and pulvini glabrous, scabrid or villous. Spikelets to 30 mm long, with 2 - 10 florets, disarticulating above the glumes, male spikelets usually less hairy than female spikelets and glabrous in the Selloana group; glumes glabrous, often papery or membranous, 4 - 30 mm long, usually 1 - veined and rarely with no veins, upper and lower glumes similar. Lemmas (Fig. 1) 3 - 7 nerved, mostly with the central three nerves continuing into a more or less twisted awn; the lateral nerves sometimes terminating in lateral bristles, the lemmas often continuing up the awns, consequently with the bristles apparently borne on the awn, in Cortaderia selloana the lemma continues to the tip of the awn and so obscures the awn; lemmas usually long-villous on the back, rarely glabrous. Palea membranous, linear, often longer than the lemma, keeled, sometimes variously villous on the back. Lodicules two. Anthers three, fertile or sterile, to 3.5 mm long. Ovary stalked, styles two. Caryopses 1.5 - 3.5 mm long, variable in shape, glabrous, embryo mark from 1 / 4 to more than 1 / 2 length of caryopsis, hilum linear, from 1 / 4 to 3 / 4 caryopsis length.	en	Testoni, Daniel, Linder, H. Peter (2017): Synoptic taxonomy of Cortaderia Stapf (Danthonioideae, Poaceae). PhytoKeys 76: 39-69, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808
387343190EF553E98A5C25D03566377D.taxon	distribution	Distribution and ecology. Widespread in South America, from Tierra del Fuego (Argentina) to Venezuela, from Brazil to Peru, from sea level to the Paramo.	en	Testoni, Daniel, Linder, H. Peter (2017): Synoptic taxonomy of Cortaderia Stapf (Danthonioideae, Poaceae). PhytoKeys 76: 39-69, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808
6342E3B971B75825AA3FD56B05F15F2D.taxon	etymology	Etymology. selloana: In honour of Friedrich Sellow (1789 - 1831), German botanist, a major collector of Brazilian flora.	en	Testoni, Daniel, Linder, H. Peter (2017): Synoptic taxonomy of Cortaderia Stapf (Danthonioideae, Poaceae). PhytoKeys 76: 39-69, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808
A6452A69EB1C556480A3B7C64D4E042A.taxon	etymology	Etymology. jubata (Lat.): Having mane, crest, in allusion to the panicle.	en	Testoni, Daniel, Linder, H. Peter (2017): Synoptic taxonomy of Cortaderia Stapf (Danthonioideae, Poaceae). PhytoKeys 76: 39-69, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808
68938F4EFDC4FC5B6540C6EACBA745AB.taxon	etymology	Etymology. - ana, indicating connection. From the Araucania region of Chile.	en	Testoni, Daniel, Linder, H. Peter (2017): Synoptic taxonomy of Cortaderia Stapf (Danthonioideae, Poaceae). PhytoKeys 76: 39-69, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808
090701FEDF4A59149D31020671785ECD.taxon	etymology	Etymology. speciosus (Latin), beautiful, showy.	en	Testoni, Daniel, Linder, H. Peter (2017): Synoptic taxonomy of Cortaderia Stapf (Danthonioideae, Poaceae). PhytoKeys 76: 39-69, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808
07D75E5CB5715110B0E6A13BD76A8891.taxon	etymology	Etymology. In honour of George Hans Emmo Wolfgang Hieronymus (1846 - 1921), German botanist, sometimes resident of Argentina.	en	Testoni, Daniel, Linder, H. Peter (2017): Synoptic taxonomy of Cortaderia Stapf (Danthonioideae, Poaceae). PhytoKeys 76: 39-69, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808
37258E6E3C345B13A5253C38F366E5E9.taxon	etymology	Etymology. egmontiana: called after Port Egmont in the Falklands / Malvinas Islands.	en	Testoni, Daniel, Linder, H. Peter (2017): Synoptic taxonomy of Cortaderia Stapf (Danthonioideae, Poaceae). PhytoKeys 76: 39-69, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808
314B2722A85F552B81DAC72903D680EA.taxon	etymology	Etymology. modesta (Latin) = moderate, presumably referring to the culms of average height.	en	Testoni, Daniel, Linder, H. Peter (2017): Synoptic taxonomy of Cortaderia Stapf (Danthonioideae, Poaceae). PhytoKeys 76: 39-69, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808
F50AA3BE878855D0DC4C1E1A2E6113F7.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Brasil, Santa Catarina, Bom Retiro, Campo dos Padres, 16 Dec. 1948, R. Reitz 2398 (lectotype, designated as holotype by Connor & Edgar, Taxon 23: 603 (1974): US 00133444!; isolectotype: HBR).	en	Testoni, Daniel, Linder, H. Peter (2017): Synoptic taxonomy of Cortaderia Stapf (Danthonioideae, Poaceae). PhytoKeys 76: 39-69, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808
F50AA3BE878855D0DC4C1E1A2E6113F7.taxon	etymology	Etymology. vagina (Latin) = sheath. Possibly referring to the conspicuous leaf-sheaths, a feature that is common to most of the genus.	en	Testoni, Daniel, Linder, H. Peter (2017): Synoptic taxonomy of Cortaderia Stapf (Danthonioideae, Poaceae). PhytoKeys 76: 39-69, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808
EA34FA0115675310996A0BB9F3D04B6F.taxon	etymology	Etymology. niteo (Latin) = shine. It may refer to the persistently intact, more or less white, leaf sheaths.	en	Testoni, Daniel, Linder, H. Peter (2017): Synoptic taxonomy of Cortaderia Stapf (Danthonioideae, Poaceae). PhytoKeys 76: 39-69, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808
C4D3013314C553C4A5733D20E41A86AF.taxon	etymology	Etymology. - ense (Latin), denoting origin. From Bolivia.	en	Testoni, Daniel, Linder, H. Peter (2017): Synoptic taxonomy of Cortaderia Stapf (Danthonioideae, Poaceae). PhytoKeys 76: 39-69, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808
A22C397E97AF55AEB4633DB5A5BA0493.taxon	etymology	Etymology. pungens (Latin): piercing, terminating in a sharp point. This describes the leaf tips.	en	Testoni, Daniel, Linder, H. Peter (2017): Synoptic taxonomy of Cortaderia Stapf (Danthonioideae, Poaceae). PhytoKeys 76: 39-69, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808
74CF5A6DA5D458CDAE5A448CE7015B9C.taxon	etymology	Etymology. serios (Greek) = silken + Anthos (Greek) = flower. Presumably this refers to the silky-haired leaves, a diagnostic trait for this species.	en	Testoni, Daniel, Linder, H. Peter (2017): Synoptic taxonomy of Cortaderia Stapf (Danthonioideae, Poaceae). PhytoKeys 76: 39-69, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808
E428FCA429E357A8BEEDB1311CD25F31.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Peru, vicinity of Cerro Ayrahnanca pass ca. 1 km E of Lugo Ututo on road between Cataparaco and Utcuyau, 4223 m. Rocky slopes, 11 Mar 2008, P. M. Peterson, R. J. Soreng, M. I. la Torre & J. V. Rojus Fox 21587 (holotype: Z!, isotype: US!).	en	Testoni, Daniel, Linder, H. Peter (2017): Synoptic taxonomy of Cortaderia Stapf (Danthonioideae, Poaceae). PhytoKeys 76: 39-69, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808
E428FCA429E357A8BEEDB1311CD25F31.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Similar to Cortaderia pungens by the small compact habit and pungent leaves, but differing by the shattering leaves and the longer spikelets.	en	Testoni, Daniel, Linder, H. Peter (2017): Synoptic taxonomy of Cortaderia Stapf (Danthonioideae, Poaceae). PhytoKeys 76: 39-69, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808
E428FCA429E357A8BEEDB1311CD25F31.taxon	description	Description. Plants forming tough, perennial cushions (vegetable hedgehogs) to 30 cm in diameter and to 30 cm tall. Basal sheaths white, shiny, persistent, when old splitting transversely into segments, puberulous between the veins. Ligule a dense ring of hairs 2 - 3 mm long, sheath mouth glabrous. Leaf blades 80 - 150 x 2 - 3 mm; C-shaped at base and margins incurved towards apex, forming a rolled, viciously pungent tip; disarticulating from the persistent sheath at the ligule. Inflorescence paniculate, contracted, ovate, 60 - 100 x 15 - 25 mm, with 100 - 300 spikelets; branches and pedicels shorter than and obscured by the spikelets, scaberulous. Female-fertile spikelet 16 - 22 mm long; with ca. 3 florets. Glumes 16 - 22 x 0.6 - 0.8 mm; twice as long as the packet of florets; 1 veined, acute, glabrous, straw to almost white, upper and lower glumes similar. Callus ca. 0.75 mm long; indumentum 2 - 2.5 mm long, overtopping the base of the lemma hairs length; rhachilla 0.75 mm long. Second lemma ca. 4 mm long, 5 veined, indumentum scattered on lower half of lemma back, about as long as the lemma lobes, 5 - 6 mm long; lemma-lobes acute, 3 - 4.5 mm long, setae 2 - 3 mm long, distinctly shorter than lemma lobes, included in the glumes; awn simple, 8.5 - 10 mm, longer than setae. Palea linear, 5 x 0.5 mm, obscurely bilobed, keels sinuose; scabrid, with hair-tufts along mid-margins. Lodicules obtriangular and with bristles.	en	Testoni, Daniel, Linder, H. Peter (2017): Synoptic taxonomy of Cortaderia Stapf (Danthonioideae, Poaceae). PhytoKeys 76: 39-69, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808
E428FCA429E357A8BEEDB1311CD25F31.taxon	etymology	Etymology. echinus (Latin) = hedge-hog or sea-urchin. The plant is spiny like a hedgehog.	en	Testoni, Daniel, Linder, H. Peter (2017): Synoptic taxonomy of Cortaderia Stapf (Danthonioideae, Poaceae). PhytoKeys 76: 39-69, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808
E428FCA429E357A8BEEDB1311CD25F31.taxon	distribution	Distribution and ecology. South America, Peru.	en	Testoni, Daniel, Linder, H. Peter (2017): Synoptic taxonomy of Cortaderia Stapf (Danthonioideae, Poaceae). PhytoKeys 76: 39-69, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808
E8D6C3D864087B7C688441C85E61DE09.taxon	etymology	Etymology. bis (Latin) = twice + fidu, divide, this presumably refers to the lemma setae.	en	Testoni, Daniel, Linder, H. Peter (2017): Synoptic taxonomy of Cortaderia Stapf (Danthonioideae, Poaceae). PhytoKeys 76: 39-69, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808
EFC0DFE330665AAF8D42FE328B4AA8DB.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Colombia, Dept. Valle del Cauca, Cordillera Occidental, extremo N, vertiente NW, entre Alto del Buey y Quebrada de los Ramos, 12 Oct. 1944, J. Cuatrecasas 18059 (lectotype, designated as holotype by Connor & Edgar, Taxon 23: 601 (1974): US 00133442!).	en	Testoni, Daniel, Linder, H. Peter (2017): Synoptic taxonomy of Cortaderia Stapf (Danthonioideae, Poaceae). PhytoKeys 76: 39-69, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808
EFC0DFE330665AAF8D42FE328B4AA8DB.taxon	etymology	Etymology. planus (Latin) = flat + folium (Latin) = leaf. Leaf-blades flat.	en	Testoni, Daniel, Linder, H. Peter (2017): Synoptic taxonomy of Cortaderia Stapf (Danthonioideae, Poaceae). PhytoKeys 76: 39-69, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808
F25A962AF4885B15A115FA79BC02426A.taxon	etymology	Etymology. hapalos (Greek) = soft + thrix (Greek) = hair. It presumably refers to the densely pubescent rhachilla.	en	Testoni, Daniel, Linder, H. Peter (2017): Synoptic taxonomy of Cortaderia Stapf (Danthonioideae, Poaceae). PhytoKeys 76: 39-69, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808
4E3AE523BB5C5F73B9687FE51C629C72.taxon	etymology	Etymology. - ana, indicating connection. From Republic of Colombia.	en	Testoni, Daniel, Linder, H. Peter (2017): Synoptic taxonomy of Cortaderia Stapf (Danthonioideae, Poaceae). PhytoKeys 76: 39-69, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808
6227714FA7655783AC2B371D020E737F.taxon	etymology	Etymology. - ensis (Latin), denoting place of origin. From Mt Roraima, Guyana.	en	Testoni, Daniel, Linder, H. Peter (2017): Synoptic taxonomy of Cortaderia Stapf (Danthonioideae, Poaceae). PhytoKeys 76: 39-69, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.76.10808
