taxonID	type	description	language	source
0386227E1931FFB1FF21B4B2FE0035BB.taxon	description	D i a g n o s i s: A Haplochlaenius species of large size with hindwings reduced, body unicolorous black, head and pronotum middle-sized, the latter cordate, elytra oblongovate, with carinate intervals, legs black, antennae with antennomeres 1 to 3 black, the remaining ones brownish. Head and pronotum shiny, elytra only moderately shiny (male). Habitus see Fig. 2. D e s c r i p t i o n: Body length 25.3 mm; width 9.4 mm. Colour, microsculpture: Body unicolorous black, antennae with antennomeres 1 to 3 black, the remaining ones brownish. Microsculpture mesh pattern on head and pronotum consisting of weakly engraved isodiametric meshes, somewhat stronger on pronotum, causing a surface shiny, on elytra isodiametric meshes strongly engraved, surface only moderately shiny (male). Head (Fig. 2) medium-sized, somewhat narrower than pronotum (ratio PW / HW: 1.31), frons and vertex moderately convex, almost coarsely but sparsely punctured towards margins, between eyes unpunctured, frontal furrows shallow, elongate, with some wrinkled punctuation, clypeus coarsely punctured, bisetose. Eyes medium-sized, almost hemisphaerically protruding, temples short, rectilinear, of about one fourth of eye diameter (seen from above). Mandibles short and broad, palpi elongate, slender, apical palpomeres not dilated. Mentum (Fig. 6) bisetose, with no distinct mentum tooth but with a weak bilobed protuberance, submentum bisetose. Ligula wide, bisetose. Antennae long and slender, in males reaching scarcely to middle of elytra, and with about antennomere 6 reaching pronotal base, antennomeres 1 and 2 with some fine setae apically except obligatory setae, antennomere 3 with fine setae of different length, sparsely arranged, about 3.2 times as long as 2 in males, antennomere 4 to 11 pubescent. Pronotum (Fig. 2) medium-sized, cordate, only somewhat wider than long (ratio PW / PL: 1.15), widest somewhat before basal half. Basal margin only a little wider than anterior margin (ratio PBaW / PAW: 0.88), and somewhat narrower than pronotum at middle (ratio PW / PBaW: 1.27). Anterior margin weakly emarginate, anterior angles somewhat acutely projecting forward, weakly rounded at tip, from there slightly curved laterally to basal two thirds, from there basad distinctly sinuately narrowed to posterior angles which are somewhat obtuse-angled and widely rounded at tip. 1 lateral seta behind posterior angles at end of apical fifth at left side only, (in holotype) lacking at right side (there no pore puncture present), setae in posterior angles positioned well forward at about length of antennomere 2. Disc weakly convex, lateral channel relatively wide (about as wide as antennomere 2), in basal fourth somewhat widened and reaching basal fovae. Basal fovea large but shallow, continuing apicad in a narrow furrow and reaching the end of basal third. Midline distinct, deeply engraved, especially in apical third, not reaching anterior margin and hardly reaching basal margin. Base and basal fovae with dense and coarse seta bearing punctures, continuing along lateral margins, base at middle with some vertical wrinkles. Disc with sparse and fine punctures, bearing finest short setae, toward lateral and anterior margin with somewhat more dense and more coarse seta bearing punctures. Elytra (Fig. 2) long-ovate with humeri very weakly suggested and widely rounded, moderately convex, base about as wide as pronotal base (ratio EL / EW: 1.48), widest shortly behind middle. Scutellar pore puncture small, at beginning of stria 1, scutellar stria long. Striae finely punctured. Intervals 1 to 7 carinate, the intervals 2 and 4 somewhat weaker formed and somewhat less raised behind base, interval 8 almost flat behind humerus, then with a suggested carina toward apex. Without subapical excision, each elytron at apex weakly obtuse-angled, rounded at tip, elytra slightly gaping. The faces of the carina and the other non-carinate intervals with dense, somewhat granulate punctures bearing yellowish-brownish setae, the edge of the carina glabrous and shiny. Hindwings reduced, about half as long as elytra. Sterna: Pro- and mesosternum, mesepisterna and abdomen with fine and scattered punctures bearing fine, short setae, metepisterna and metasternum with somewhat denser and stronger punctures. Prosternal process elongate, somewhat acutely narrowed, unmar- gined, somewhat deepened at middle. Metepisterna very short, somewhat wider at anterior margin than long at ventral margin. Legs: Average for Haplochlaenius species, protarsi of males with protarsomeres 1 - 3 strongly widened and with ventral spongy pubescent vestiture. Median lobe of aedeagus: Large, voluminous, gently arcuate, with well developed apical capitulum, somewhat inclined to apical part in lateral view (Fig. 4 a), apical lamella in dorsal view Fig. 4 b. C o m p a r i s o n s: The new species is closest to Chl. klapperichi JEDLIČKA 1956 and Chl. nanlingensis DEUVE & TIAN 2005 in habitus, which also are brachypterous and hence have about the same form of the elytra. While the first species differs distinctly by a metallic coloured head and pronotum, Chl. nanlingensis, though sharing habitus and colour, can be separated by a somewhat different shape of the elytra, with maximum width somewhat before the beginning of the apical fourth (somewhat behind middle in Chl. evae nov. sp.), by more flattened elytral disc (distinctly convex in Chl. evae nov. sp.), a narrower pronotal lateral channel which is less wide than antennomere 2 (about as wide as antennomere 2 in Chl. evae nov. sp.), and a somewhat different median lobe (Compare Fig. 4 a with Figs 15, 16 in DEUVE & TIAN 2005). Chl. pecirkai JEDLIČKA 1932 having body and appendages black and also the elytral intervals carinate, differs distinctly by a smaller head in relation to the pronotum, which is convexely narrowed toward the posterior angles (distinctly sinuately narrowed in Chl. evae nov. sp.), by a different shape of the elytra with distinct, though widely rounded humeri (humeri only very weakly suggested in Chl. evae nov. sp.), and by a different median lobe and hence can be separated easily. Obviously Chl. pecirkai is also of smaller body size. Kirschenhofer has examined the holotype of Chl. pecirkai with the body size of 23.0 mm and some paratypes (in the Natural History Museum, London). Supposingly Chl. pecirkai has the hindwings not as strong reduced as in Chl. evae nov. sp. and Chl. klapperichi (a specimen of Chl. pecirkai from South Yunnan: " Tche-Ping-Tcheou ", body size 21.6 mm, cWR) investigated concerning this character has the hindwings about as long as elytra and not folded apically). E t y m o l o g y: It is with great pleasure I dedicate this species to my mother, a constant encouragement throughout my life, and who has supported my entomological experiences and studies with great but understated interest. The epithet is formed as a noun (name) on the genitive. D i s t r i b u t i o n: Up to now only known from the type locality. H a b i t a t: Unknown.	en	D. W (2012): A new species of genus Chlaenius BONELLI 1810, subgenus Haplochlaenius LUTSHNIK 1933 from China (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Chlaeniini) and notes on two species previously described. Linzer biologische Beiträge 44 (2): 1195-1205, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5329203
0386227E1933FFB5FF21B554FC583774.taxon	description	1 2 N o t e s o n t y p e s: Jedlička founded his species on four specimens and noted that the " Type " (= holotype) would be stored in his collection (which is now in the Prague museum) and " Cotypen " (= paratypes) in the Klapperich collection (today stored in several collections, among them also in the Paris museum, as proved by a photograph). But the distribution of the type material was obviously later changed, as in the Prague museum the holotype and a female paratype are extant. The holotype was originally pinned, later glued to card with genitalia extracted, the right middle leg is missing, the hind leg is separated from the body and glued separately to card, so also is part of the right antennae, the median lobe, partly broken, is in an embedding agent in ventral position together with both parameres. The paratype is pinned and in good condition, only the right antennomeres 6 to 11 are missing. D i a g n o s i s: A Haplochlaenius species of large size with hindwings reduced, head middle-sized with green-brassy reflection, pronotum middle-sized, cordate, with redcoppery reflection (sometimes also with an additional greenish tinge), elytra oblong, black, with carinate intervals, legs black, antennae with antennomeres 1 to 3 black, the remaining ones brownish. Habitus see Fig. 1. R e d e s c r i p t i o n: Body length 22.7 - 25.8 mm; width 8.7 - 9.5 mm. Colour, microsculpture: Elytra, abdomen, and legs black, head with green-brassy reflection, pronotum with red-coppery reflection (often also with an additional greenish tinge), palpi dark, antennae with antennomeres 1 to 3 black, the remaining ones brownish. Microsculpture pattern on head consisting of very weakly engraved isodiametric meshes, somewhat stronger on pronotum, hence surface shiny, on elytra isodiametric meshes in males strongly engraved, surface only moderately shiny, in females meshes more strongly engraved, causing a completely matt surface. Head (Fig. 1) middle-sized, somewhat narrower than pronotum (ratio PW / HW: 1.25 - 1.35, holotype), frons and vertex moderately convex, finely and sparsely punctured, between eyes unpunctured, with frontal furrows shallow, elongate, clypeus finely punctured, bisetose. Eyes medium-sized, almost hemisphaerically protruding, temples short, rectlinear, of about one sixth of eye diameter (seen from above). Mandibles short and broad, palpi elongate, slender, apical palpomeres not dilated. Mentum (Fig. 5) bisetose, with mentum tooth bilobed, lobes distinctly protruding, hardly one third as long as lateral lobes, submentum bisetose. Ligula wide, bisetose. Antennae long and slender, in males reaching scarcely to middle of elytra, and with about antennomere 5 reaching pronotal base, antennomeres 1 and 2 with some fine setae apically except obligatory setae, antennomere 3 with fine setae of different length, sparsely arranged, about 3.4 times as long as 2 in males, antennomere 4 to 11 pubescent. Pronotum (Fig. 1) medium-sized, cordate, only somewhat wider than long (ratio PW / PL: 1.10 - 1.14 (holotype), widest somewhat before basal half. Basal margin only a little wider than anterior margin (ratio PAW / PBaW: 0.85 [holotype] - 0.91), and somewhat narrower than pronotum at middle (ratio PW / PBaW: 1.25 - 1.27 [holotype]). Anterior margin weakly emarginate, anterior angles rounded, somewhat projecting forward, from there slightly curved laterally to basal two thirds, from there basad distinctly sinuately narrowed to posterior angles which are somewhat obtuse-angled and widely rounded at tip. Only 1 lateral seta in posterior angles, distinctly positioned forward at about length of antennomere 2. Disc weakly convex, lateral channel relatively wide (about as wide as antennomere 2), in some specimens somewhat narrower. Basal fovea large but shallow, continuing apicad in a narrow furrow and reaching the end of basal third. Midline distinct, deeply engraved, especially in apical half, hardly reaching anterior and basal margin. Base and basal fovae with dense and coarse seta bearing punctures, base at middle with some vertical wrinkles. Disc with sparse and fine punctures, bearing finest short setae, toward lateral and anterior margin with somewhat more dense and more coarse seta bearing punctures, setae on disc mostly rubbed off. Elytra long-ovate with humeri completely rounded, moderately convex, base about as wide as pronotal base (ratio EL / EW: 1.44 - 1.56 (holotype), widest distinctly behind middle. Scutellar pore puncture small, at beginning of stria 1, scutellar stria long. Striae finely punctured. Intervals 1 to 7 keel-like elevated, the odd intervals more strongly formed and more raised than the even ones, interval 8 in the basal half flat or weakly convex, with a weak or suggested carina in the apical half. Without subapical excision, each elytron weakly obtuse-angled at apex, rounded at tip or slightly dentate, elytra slightly gaping. The faces of the carina and the other not carinate intervals with dense, somewhat granulate punctures bearing yellowish-brownish setae, the edge of the keels glabrous and shiny. Hindwings reduced, about half as long as elytra. Sterna: Pro- and mesosternum, mesepisterna and abdomen with fine and scattered punctures bearing fine, short setae, metepisterna and metasternum with somewhat denser and stronger punctures. Prosternal process elongate, somewhat acutely narrowed, unmargined, somewhat deepened at middle (ventral view). Metepisterna very short, somewhat wider at anterior margin than long at ventral margin. Legs: Average for Haplochlaenius species, protarsi of males with protarsomeres 1 - 3 strongly widened and with ventral spongy pubescent vestiture. Median lobe of aedeagus: Large (with basal part partly open), voluminous, gently arcuate, with well developed apical capitulum at about right angle to apical part in lateral view (Fig. 3 a), apical lamella in dorsal view Fig. 3 b. C o m p a r i s o n s: Chl. klapperichi JEDL. can be compared with the macropterous species Chl. costiger CHAUDOIR 1856, Chl. insularis (UÉNO 1964), and Chl. sabahensis KIRSCHENHOFER 1998, also having the head and pronotum with metallic reflection, the legs completely black, and the elytra carinate, but is readily separated by the stouter body with long-ovate elytra with humeral angle almost completely reduced (caused by brachyptery), the male genitalia are also different. In habitus it is closest to Chl. evae nov. sp. and Chl. nanlingensis DEUVE & TIAN 2005 which are also brachypterous and hence have about the same form of the elytra (humeri only somewhat more suggested) with intervals carinate but these species are completely black (with exception of the light antennomeres 4 - 11), additionally the construction of the median lobes is different (see Figs 3 a, b, 4 a, b, and Fig. 15 in DEUVE & TIAN 2005). D i s t r i b u t i o n: Described from the Chinese Province of Fujian, the species was recorded as new for Jiangxi (KIRSCHENHOFER 2012), based on some specimens I have sent him and coming from the series mentioned below (Unfortunately the shown habitus photograph of a specimen said as coming from the locality " Wufugang " has a different origin. It deals with a paratype now in the Paris museum). In the collection of the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, there is a male specimen, documented by a phoptograph, with following data: Jiangxi, Anfu, Wugongshan, N 27.44591, E 114.18827, 1220 m, 2006.6.27, Liu Ye, Liang Hongbin, Teiji Sota leg., confirming, together with the material cited below, the assumption that this species (as in the case of Chl. nanlingensis, see below) has a wider distribution than originally thought. M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d (excepttypes): 15, 33: China, NE Jiangxi, Wufugang, 1100 - 1300 m, eastern slopes, 27 ° 59 N / 118 ° 02 E, 14. V. - 20. VI. 2011 (NMW, cTURN, WR). 1, 1 with same data but: 1140 - 1500 m, 29. IV. - 27. V. 2010 (cWR). H a b i t a t: No notes on the biotope or circumstances of collecting were made in the description. The specimens from Wufugang were collected in a secondary mixed forest with Pinus sp. and Castanopsis sp., mostly in dry places with rich shrub undergrowth, with the help of pitfall traps provided with a mixture of beer and ethylene glycol.	en	D. W (2012): A new species of genus Chlaenius BONELLI 1810, subgenus Haplochlaenius LUTSHNIK 1933 from China (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Chlaeniini) and notes on two species previously described. Linzer biologische Beiträge 44 (2): 1195-1205, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5329203
0386227E1938FFBBFF21B08DFC9030CC.taxon	description	The description based on one male, coming from the slopes of the Mount Shikengkong situated in the Nanling Nature reserve (Dadongshan, Lianzhou) in the Chinese Province of Guangdong, close to the border to Hunan. The material from the Mao’er Shan fits very well the description, and, though not having investigated the type which is stored in the collection of the South China Agricultural University, I refer the name Chl. nanlingensis to the material noted above. A habitus photograph of the holotype kindly provided by M. Tian enabled the species to be recognised beyond doubt without having to examine the specimen itself. The species is brachypterous (this fact was not mentioned in the description), one specimen investigated has the hindwings hardly as long as half of elytral length, but it is obviously able to have a wider range, the distance between the Mount Shikengkong and the Mao’er Shan is about 270 km, with a landscape surely forming no considerable geographical barriers which could stop an expansion of brachypterous species, also the findings in the Gengding Shan in the southeast of the Province Guizou, still more north-westwards, speaks for this assumption. Just recently I received some habitus photographs of specimens stored in the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing and identified as Chl. nanlingensis, coming from Hunan (Shaoshan-shihu) and from Sichuan (Ya’an), confirming that the species has a wider range than originally thought. New records for the Chinese provinces of Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, and Sichuan. N o t e s: The genus Vachinius CASALE 1984 was founded on several species: V. subglaber (ANDREWES 1937), type species from Sikkim, V. pseudoglaber CASALE 1984, from northern India, V. holzschuhi CASALE 1984 from eastern Nepal, and V. pilosus CASALE 1984 from Vietnam, underlining that these species are typical Chlaeniini, near to species of the genus Macrochlaenites KUNTZEN 1919 but are distinguished by having a cordate pronotum, strongly sinuate toward base, a dimorphic apex and integument of elytra in males and females, a different construction of the male genitalia, and reduced wings. Later, further species were described, one from Thailand: V. thailandensis MORVAN 1991, three from China: V. deuvei MORVAN 1997 (Guangxi), V. hunanus MORVAN 1997 (Hunan), and V. wrasei KIRSCHENHOFER 2003 (Guangdong), one from Sulawesi: V. baehri KIRSCHENHOFER 1998, and one from Burma: V. burmanensis LASSALLE 2001. Investigating a larger number of Chlaenius species belonging to subgenus Haplochlaenius LUTSHNIK 1933 (a part of them placed under Macrochlaenites in older taxonomic classifications) I found partly the same characters peculiar to species of Vachinius, such as the construction of the mentum, the sinuate pronotum, the partly occurring carinate elytral intervals, a reduction of the hindwings and the morphology of the male genitalia. The classification of the new species described above posed problems and I decided to describe it in the genus Chlaenius, subgenus Haplochlaenius. So it seems necessary to clarify the systematic position and the taxonomic rank of the genus Vachinius within the tribe Chlaeniini and especially its relationship to Haplochlaenius by careful examination of all taxa (see also the remarks in DEUVE & TIAN 2005), including also genetic techniques. Just recently KIRSCHENHOFER (2012) described two further Vachinius species from Laos: V. hajeki and V. laosensis, and at this occasion he transfered Chl. klapperichi to the genus Vachinius, subgenus Sphodromimus CASALE 1984, on the basis of exoskeletal characters (" aufgrund der ektoskelettalen Merkmale ") but without conclusively substantiated discussion. As the problem of the systematic position of Vachinius is not yet solved this decision is not followed here.	en	D. W (2012): A new species of genus Chlaenius BONELLI 1810, subgenus Haplochlaenius LUTSHNIK 1933 from China (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Chlaeniini) and notes on two species previously described. Linzer biologische Beiträge 44 (2): 1195-1205, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5329203
