taxonID	type	format	identifier	references	title	description	created	creator	contributor	publisher	audience	source	license	rightsHolder	datasetID
03F8375C9D38FF82FF33A329FD30C571.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/179859/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.179859	FIGURE 7. Representative photomicrographs of Holopedium glacialis. (a) Lateral view of female in jelly coat stained with dilute fuschian red. Wren Lake, Ontario, June 13, 1994. (b, c) Lateral views of female head. (d) Lateral view of female postabdomen. (e) Lateral view of ventral carapace spinules. (f) Lateral view of male with jelly coat removed. (g) Lateral view of male head and antennae. (h) Lateral view of male antennae. (i) Lateral view of hook on male antennae. (j) Lateral view of hooks on first pair of male thoracic limbs. (k) Lateral view of male postabdomen. (l) Lateral view of male postabdominal claw. (m) Lateral view of ventral carapace spines of a male. (b – e) from Como Lake, Ontario, June 28, 1992. (f – m) from Blue Chalk Lake, Ontario, October 17, 1996.	FIGURE 7. Representative photomicrographs of Holopedium glacialis. (a) Lateral view of female in jelly coat stained with dilute fuschian red. Wren Lake, Ontario, June 13, 1994. (b, c) Lateral views of female head. (d) Lateral view of female postabdomen. (e) Lateral view of ventral carapace spinules. (f) Lateral view of male with jelly coat removed. (g) Lateral view of male head and antennae. (h) Lateral view of male antennae. (i) Lateral view of hook on male antennae. (j) Lateral view of hooks on first pair of male thoracic limbs. (k) Lateral view of male postabdomen. (l) Lateral view of male postabdominal claw. (m) Lateral view of ventral carapace spines of a male. (b – e) from Como Lake, Ontario, June 28, 1992. (f – m) from Blue Chalk Lake, Ontario, October 17, 1996.	2007-12-31	Rowe, Chad L.;Adamowicz, Sarah J.;Hebert, Paul D. N.		Zenodo	biologists	Rowe, Chad L.;Adamowicz, Sarah J.;Hebert, Paul D. N.			
03F8375C9D38FF82FF33A329FD30C571.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/179856/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.179856	FIGURE 4. Putative geographic distribution of Holopedium species. Dots indicate populations where species assignments were confirmed by genetic analyses. Dark shaded areas represent the hypothesized range of each species based on results from this study and from distribution data from 1,827 localities inhabited by Holopedium, obtained from literature reports or by sampling (see Rowe 2000). Since several species are morphologically cryptic while the species complexes can be readily distinguished, the areas between or adjacent to genetic localities are tentatively marked as that same species, provided that there are Holopedium records there belonging to the same complex. Pending further evidence, all South American localities are here shaded as H. amazonicum and most Eurasian localities as H. gibberum s. s., but further cryptic species may be detected in the future. Definitive species assignments for populations in Greenland and India, which are currently described as separate species, require genetic evidence (see text), but morphological traits indicate that they do belong to the H. gibberum complex. Their distributions are shown along with H. gibberum s. s. (inset map in part b). a) H. glacialis n. sp., b) H. gibberum s. s., c) H. atlanticum n. sp., d) H. acidophilum n. sp., and e) H. amazonicum s. s.	FIGURE 4. Putative geographic distribution of Holopedium species. Dots indicate populations where species assignments were confirmed by genetic analyses. Dark shaded areas represent the hypothesized range of each species based on results from this study and from distribution data from 1,827 localities inhabited by Holopedium, obtained from literature reports or by sampling (see Rowe 2000). Since several species are morphologically cryptic while the species complexes can be readily distinguished, the areas between or adjacent to genetic localities are tentatively marked as that same species, provided that there are Holopedium records there belonging to the same complex. Pending further evidence, all South American localities are here shaded as H. amazonicum and most Eurasian localities as H. gibberum s. s., but further cryptic species may be detected in the future. Definitive species assignments for populations in Greenland and India, which are currently described as separate species, require genetic evidence (see text), but morphological traits indicate that they do belong to the H. gibberum complex. Their distributions are shown along with H. gibberum s. s. (inset map in part b). a) H. glacialis n. sp., b) H. gibberum s. s., c) H. atlanticum n. sp., d) H. acidophilum n. sp., and e) H. amazonicum s. s.	2007-12-31	Rowe, Chad L.;Adamowicz, Sarah J.;Hebert, Paul D. N.		Zenodo	biologists	Rowe, Chad L.;Adamowicz, Sarah J.;Hebert, Paul D. N.			
03F8375C9D3EFF80FF33A379FB6EC699.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/179853/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.179853	FIGURE 1. Maps of Holopedium populations sampled for genetic analyses. Exact geographic coordinates and habitat names are provided in Appendix A. Populations sampled from outside North America are shown on the inset global map. Type localities for the two initially described species of Holopedium are indicated with stars on the inset map and were not included in this study, although (relatively) nearby collections were available. North American freshwater biogeographic provinces (after Burr & Mayden 1992) are shown, and the names of those from which samples were collected are listed in the legend.	FIGURE 1. Maps of Holopedium populations sampled for genetic analyses. Exact geographic coordinates and habitat names are provided in Appendix A. Populations sampled from outside North America are shown on the inset global map. Type localities for the two initially described species of Holopedium are indicated with stars on the inset map and were not included in this study, although (relatively) nearby collections were available. North American freshwater biogeographic provinces (after Burr & Mayden 1992) are shown, and the names of those from which samples were collected are listed in the legend.	2007-12-31	Rowe, Chad L.;Adamowicz, Sarah J.;Hebert, Paul D. N.		Zenodo	biologists	Rowe, Chad L.;Adamowicz, Sarah J.;Hebert, Paul D. N.			
03F8375C9D3EFF80FF33A379FB6EC699.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/179854/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.179854	FIGURE 2. UPGMA phenogram showing genetic distances, based upon allozyme data, among 121 Holopedium populations. Only those collections known to contain a single species, due to being either invariant or in H-W equilibrium, are included here. Nei’s (1972) genetic distance is indicated on the scale bar. The geographic distributions of the two major groups are consistent with those of the two initially described species of Holopedium, and these groups are therefore named after these species, H. gibberum and H. amazonicum. New species names are assigned to two clusters on the basis of allozyme, mtDNA, distributional, and morphological information (see text for further information and justification). Asterisks designate those populations for which mtDNA results are available; allozyme and mtDNA clusters are concordant. Double asterisks and haplotype numbers are given for those populations having sequence data presented in Fig. 4.	FIGURE 2. UPGMA phenogram showing genetic distances, based upon allozyme data, among 121 Holopedium populations. Only those collections known to contain a single species, due to being either invariant or in H-W equilibrium, are included here. Nei’s (1972) genetic distance is indicated on the scale bar. The geographic distributions of the two major groups are consistent with those of the two initially described species of Holopedium, and these groups are therefore named after these species, H. gibberum and H. amazonicum. New species names are assigned to two clusters on the basis of allozyme, mtDNA, distributional, and morphological information (see text for further information and justification). Asterisks designate those populations for which mtDNA results are available; allozyme and mtDNA clusters are concordant. Double asterisks and haplotype numbers are given for those populations having sequence data presented in Fig. 4.	2007-12-31	Rowe, Chad L.;Adamowicz, Sarah J.;Hebert, Paul D. N.		Zenodo	biologists	Rowe, Chad L.;Adamowicz, Sarah J.;Hebert, Paul D. N.			
03F8375C9D3EFF80FF33A379FB6EC699.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/179860/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.179860	FIGURE 8. Representative photomicrographs of Holopedium amazonicum. (a) Lateral view of ovigerous female with jelly coat removed. (b) Lateral view of brooding female with jelly coat removed. (c) Lateral view of female head. (d) Partial lateral view of female. (e) Lateral view of female head. (f) Lateral view of female postabdomen. Lago Coari, Amazonas, May 24, 1996. (g) Lateral view of brood pouch margin and eggs. (h) Lateral view of ventral carapace margin. (a – e, g – h) from Lago Caju, Amazonas, September 24, 1998.	FIGURE 8. Representative photomicrographs of Holopedium amazonicum. (a) Lateral view of ovigerous female with jelly coat removed. (b) Lateral view of brooding female with jelly coat removed. (c) Lateral view of female head. (d) Partial lateral view of female. (e) Lateral view of female head. (f) Lateral view of female postabdomen. Lago Coari, Amazonas, May 24, 1996. (g) Lateral view of brood pouch margin and eggs. (h) Lateral view of ventral carapace margin. (a – e, g – h) from Lago Caju, Amazonas, September 24, 1998.	2007-12-31	Rowe, Chad L.;Adamowicz, Sarah J.;Hebert, Paul D. N.		Zenodo	biologists	Rowe, Chad L.;Adamowicz, Sarah J.;Hebert, Paul D. N.			
03F8375C9D3EFF80FF33A379FB6EC699.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/179856/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.179856	FIGURE 4. Putative geographic distribution of Holopedium species. Dots indicate populations where species assignments were confirmed by genetic analyses. Dark shaded areas represent the hypothesized range of each species based on results from this study and from distribution data from 1,827 localities inhabited by Holopedium, obtained from literature reports or by sampling (see Rowe 2000). Since several species are morphologically cryptic while the species complexes can be readily distinguished, the areas between or adjacent to genetic localities are tentatively marked as that same species, provided that there are Holopedium records there belonging to the same complex. Pending further evidence, all South American localities are here shaded as H. amazonicum and most Eurasian localities as H. gibberum s. s., but further cryptic species may be detected in the future. Definitive species assignments for populations in Greenland and India, which are currently described as separate species, require genetic evidence (see text), but morphological traits indicate that they do belong to the H. gibberum complex. Their distributions are shown along with H. gibberum s. s. (inset map in part b). a) H. glacialis n. sp., b) H. gibberum s. s., c) H. atlanticum n. sp., d) H. acidophilum n. sp., and e) H. amazonicum s. s.	FIGURE 4. Putative geographic distribution of Holopedium species. Dots indicate populations where species assignments were confirmed by genetic analyses. Dark shaded areas represent the hypothesized range of each species based on results from this study and from distribution data from 1,827 localities inhabited by Holopedium, obtained from literature reports or by sampling (see Rowe 2000). Since several species are morphologically cryptic while the species complexes can be readily distinguished, the areas between or adjacent to genetic localities are tentatively marked as that same species, provided that there are Holopedium records there belonging to the same complex. Pending further evidence, all South American localities are here shaded as H. amazonicum and most Eurasian localities as H. gibberum s. s., but further cryptic species may be detected in the future. Definitive species assignments for populations in Greenland and India, which are currently described as separate species, require genetic evidence (see text), but morphological traits indicate that they do belong to the H. gibberum complex. Their distributions are shown along with H. gibberum s. s. (inset map in part b). a) H. glacialis n. sp., b) H. gibberum s. s., c) H. atlanticum n. sp., d) H. acidophilum n. sp., and e) H. amazonicum s. s.	2007-12-31	Rowe, Chad L.;Adamowicz, Sarah J.;Hebert, Paul D. N.		Zenodo	biologists	Rowe, Chad L.;Adamowicz, Sarah J.;Hebert, Paul D. N.			
03F8375C9D3CFFBEFF33A341FBC0C501.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/179861/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.179861	FIGURE 9. Representative photomicrographs of Holopedium acidophilum. (a, b) Lateral view of female in jelly coat stained with dilute fuschain red. (c) Lateral view of female head and anterior jelly curl. Jelly coat stained with dilute fuschian red. (d) Lateral view of female abdomen. (e, f) Lateral views of female postabdomen (g) Lateral view of female postabdomen, Red Rock Pond, New Brunswick, June 1, 1992. (h) Lateral view of brood pouch margin and eggs. (i) Lateral view of ventral carapace spinules. (j, k) Lateral views of male with jelly coat removed. (l) Frontal view of male biramous antennae. (m) Lateral view of hook on first thoracic limb of male. (n) Lateral view of male postabdomen. (a – c, h, j – n) from Red Rock Pond, New Brunswick, June 15, 1994. (d – f, i) from Saunders Pond, Oregon, April 16, 1993.	FIGURE 9. Representative photomicrographs of Holopedium acidophilum. (a, b) Lateral view of female in jelly coat stained with dilute fuschain red. (c) Lateral view of female head and anterior jelly curl. Jelly coat stained with dilute fuschian red. (d) Lateral view of female abdomen. (e, f) Lateral views of female postabdomen (g) Lateral view of female postabdomen, Red Rock Pond, New Brunswick, June 1, 1992. (h) Lateral view of brood pouch margin and eggs. (i) Lateral view of ventral carapace spinules. (j, k) Lateral views of male with jelly coat removed. (l) Frontal view of male biramous antennae. (m) Lateral view of hook on first thoracic limb of male. (n) Lateral view of male postabdomen. (a – c, h, j – n) from Red Rock Pond, New Brunswick, June 15, 1994. (d – f, i) from Saunders Pond, Oregon, April 16, 1993.	2007-12-31	Rowe, Chad L.;Adamowicz, Sarah J.;Hebert, Paul D. N.		Zenodo	biologists	Rowe, Chad L.;Adamowicz, Sarah J.;Hebert, Paul D. N.			
03F8375C9D3CFFBEFF33A341FBC0C501.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/179856/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.179856	FIGURE 4. Putative geographic distribution of Holopedium species. Dots indicate populations where species assignments were confirmed by genetic analyses. Dark shaded areas represent the hypothesized range of each species based on results from this study and from distribution data from 1,827 localities inhabited by Holopedium, obtained from literature reports or by sampling (see Rowe 2000). Since several species are morphologically cryptic while the species complexes can be readily distinguished, the areas between or adjacent to genetic localities are tentatively marked as that same species, provided that there are Holopedium records there belonging to the same complex. Pending further evidence, all South American localities are here shaded as H. amazonicum and most Eurasian localities as H. gibberum s. s., but further cryptic species may be detected in the future. Definitive species assignments for populations in Greenland and India, which are currently described as separate species, require genetic evidence (see text), but morphological traits indicate that they do belong to the H. gibberum complex. Their distributions are shown along with H. gibberum s. s. (inset map in part b). a) H. glacialis n. sp., b) H. gibberum s. s., c) H. atlanticum n. sp., d) H. acidophilum n. sp., and e) H. amazonicum s. s.	FIGURE 4. Putative geographic distribution of Holopedium species. Dots indicate populations where species assignments were confirmed by genetic analyses. Dark shaded areas represent the hypothesized range of each species based on results from this study and from distribution data from 1,827 localities inhabited by Holopedium, obtained from literature reports or by sampling (see Rowe 2000). Since several species are morphologically cryptic while the species complexes can be readily distinguished, the areas between or adjacent to genetic localities are tentatively marked as that same species, provided that there are Holopedium records there belonging to the same complex. Pending further evidence, all South American localities are here shaded as H. amazonicum and most Eurasian localities as H. gibberum s. s., but further cryptic species may be detected in the future. Definitive species assignments for populations in Greenland and India, which are currently described as separate species, require genetic evidence (see text), but morphological traits indicate that they do belong to the H. gibberum complex. Their distributions are shown along with H. gibberum s. s. (inset map in part b). a) H. glacialis n. sp., b) H. gibberum s. s., c) H. atlanticum n. sp., d) H. acidophilum n. sp., and e) H. amazonicum s. s.	2007-12-31	Rowe, Chad L.;Adamowicz, Sarah J.;Hebert, Paul D. N.		Zenodo	biologists	Rowe, Chad L.;Adamowicz, Sarah J.;Hebert, Paul D. N.			
03F8375C9D02FFBCFF33A3C9FC97C2B1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/179862/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.179862	FIGURE 10. Representative photomicrographs of Holopedium atlanticum. (a, b) Lateral views of female in jelly coat stained with fuschian red. (c) Lateral view of female head and anterior jelly curl. Santeetlah, North Carolina, October 30, 1993. (d) Lateral view of female head. (e) Lateral view of female abdomen. Lake James, North Carolina, December 13, 1992. (f) Lateral view of female postabdomen. (g) Lateral view of ventral carapace spinules. Lake James, North Carolina, October 31, 1993. (a, b, d, f) from Digdeguash Lake, New Brunswick, June 15, 1994.	FIGURE 10. Representative photomicrographs of Holopedium atlanticum. (a, b) Lateral views of female in jelly coat stained with fuschian red. (c) Lateral view of female head and anterior jelly curl. Santeetlah, North Carolina, October 30, 1993. (d) Lateral view of female head. (e) Lateral view of female abdomen. Lake James, North Carolina, December 13, 1992. (f) Lateral view of female postabdomen. (g) Lateral view of ventral carapace spinules. Lake James, North Carolina, October 31, 1993. (a, b, d, f) from Digdeguash Lake, New Brunswick, June 15, 1994.	2007-12-31	Rowe, Chad L.;Adamowicz, Sarah J.;Hebert, Paul D. N.		Zenodo	biologists	Rowe, Chad L.;Adamowicz, Sarah J.;Hebert, Paul D. N.			
03F8375C9D02FFBCFF33A3C9FC97C2B1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/179856/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.179856	FIGURE 4. Putative geographic distribution of Holopedium species. Dots indicate populations where species assignments were confirmed by genetic analyses. Dark shaded areas represent the hypothesized range of each species based on results from this study and from distribution data from 1,827 localities inhabited by Holopedium, obtained from literature reports or by sampling (see Rowe 2000). Since several species are morphologically cryptic while the species complexes can be readily distinguished, the areas between or adjacent to genetic localities are tentatively marked as that same species, provided that there are Holopedium records there belonging to the same complex. Pending further evidence, all South American localities are here shaded as H. amazonicum and most Eurasian localities as H. gibberum s. s., but further cryptic species may be detected in the future. Definitive species assignments for populations in Greenland and India, which are currently described as separate species, require genetic evidence (see text), but morphological traits indicate that they do belong to the H. gibberum complex. Their distributions are shown along with H. gibberum s. s. (inset map in part b). a) H. glacialis n. sp., b) H. gibberum s. s., c) H. atlanticum n. sp., d) H. acidophilum n. sp., and e) H. amazonicum s. s.	FIGURE 4. Putative geographic distribution of Holopedium species. Dots indicate populations where species assignments were confirmed by genetic analyses. Dark shaded areas represent the hypothesized range of each species based on results from this study and from distribution data from 1,827 localities inhabited by Holopedium, obtained from literature reports or by sampling (see Rowe 2000). Since several species are morphologically cryptic while the species complexes can be readily distinguished, the areas between or adjacent to genetic localities are tentatively marked as that same species, provided that there are Holopedium records there belonging to the same complex. Pending further evidence, all South American localities are here shaded as H. amazonicum and most Eurasian localities as H. gibberum s. s., but further cryptic species may be detected in the future. Definitive species assignments for populations in Greenland and India, which are currently described as separate species, require genetic evidence (see text), but morphological traits indicate that they do belong to the H. gibberum complex. Their distributions are shown along with H. gibberum s. s. (inset map in part b). a) H. glacialis n. sp., b) H. gibberum s. s., c) H. atlanticum n. sp., d) H. acidophilum n. sp., and e) H. amazonicum s. s.	2007-12-31	Rowe, Chad L.;Adamowicz, Sarah J.;Hebert, Paul D. N.		Zenodo	biologists	Rowe, Chad L.;Adamowicz, Sarah J.;Hebert, Paul D. N.			
03F8375C9D02FFBCFF33A3C9FC97C2B1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/179853/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.179853	FIGURE 1. Maps of Holopedium populations sampled for genetic analyses. Exact geographic coordinates and habitat names are provided in Appendix A. Populations sampled from outside North America are shown on the inset global map. Type localities for the two initially described species of Holopedium are indicated with stars on the inset map and were not included in this study, although (relatively) nearby collections were available. North American freshwater biogeographic provinces (after Burr & Mayden 1992) are shown, and the names of those from which samples were collected are listed in the legend.	FIGURE 1. Maps of Holopedium populations sampled for genetic analyses. Exact geographic coordinates and habitat names are provided in Appendix A. Populations sampled from outside North America are shown on the inset global map. Type localities for the two initially described species of Holopedium are indicated with stars on the inset map and were not included in this study, although (relatively) nearby collections were available. North American freshwater biogeographic provinces (after Burr & Mayden 1992) are shown, and the names of those from which samples were collected are listed in the legend.	2007-12-31	Rowe, Chad L.;Adamowicz, Sarah J.;Hebert, Paul D. N.		Zenodo	biologists	Rowe, Chad L.;Adamowicz, Sarah J.;Hebert, Paul D. N.			
