identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03FB3D288B1CFFC2FF4CFD7E40552DD6.text	03FB3D288B1CFFC2FF4CFD7E40552DD6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Minigrapta Matov & Kononenko	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Genus  Minigrapta Matov &amp; Kononenko ,  gen. n.</p>
            <p> Type-species:  Xanthograpta basinigra Sugi, 1982 , Moths of Japan 1: 822, 2: 384, pl. 198: 8 (Type-locality: Japan: Hokkaido, Tokachi, Taiki). </p>
            <p> Diagnosis. The genus  Minigrapta differs from  Photedes (Figs. 17, 18, 27, 28) mainly in structures of male and female genitalia. Male genitalia: uncus thin, stick-like (weak, short, expanded in  Photedes ); juxta large, vertical plate-like (small, shield-like in  Photedes ); clavus not expressed (strong, various in shape in all species of  Photedes ); valva strongly constricted apically, cucullus very small, trigonal (valva somewhat expanded apically, with rounded cucullus in  Photedes ); vesica with thin, long spine-like cornutus (vesica with group of small cornuti in  Photedes ). Female genitalia of  Minigrapta gen. n. are variable in shape, but differ from  Photedes by structure of antrum, which is consistently shallow and cup-like in  Photedes . </p>
            <p> Description. Adult (Figs. 3–6). Small month, wingspan 17–20 mm. Head with rounded, bulging frons; antennae of both sexes simple, filiform; labial palps short, pressed, with 3rd segment small, half length of 2nd; ocelli present; head and thorax covered with broad flat black or brown scales; thoracic crests present, formed with wide black scales; eyes small, rounded; hindwing venation typical for trifinae  Noctuidae (i.e. vein M2 missing); abdomen without coremata. Male genitalia (Figs. 15, 16). Uncus rather long and thin, two times as long as in  Photedes , arched basally, pointed or slightly spatulate apically; tegumen broad, in  M. minimoides sp. n. enlarged into large lateral lobes (peniculus); vinculum about two times longer than tegumen, with long V-like saccus; paratergal sclerites narrow, banded; juxta large, vertical plate-like, broader basally; valvae symmetrical, broader basally, constricted distally, in subapical third with parallel margins, apically with small trigonal cucullus covered with dense hairs; corona not expressed; clavus not expressed; costa rather strong; clasper positioned in distal third of valva, harpe completely reduced (  M. basinigra ), or small, vestigial (  M. minimoides ). Aedeagus straight, smoothly sclerotised, vesica with single thin apical cornutus or without cornuti. Female genitalia (Figs. 24, 25). Papillae anales heavily sclerotised, pointed, in  M. basinigra large, in  M. minimoides relatively small, in both with sclerotised rods between ovipositor lobes; apophyses posteriores and anteriores thin, in  M. basinigra rather long, in  M. obsura relatively short, equal in length; antrum in  M. basinigra small, eight segment with round deep cut; in  M. minimoides antrum funnel-like; ductus rather long, medially extended in  M. basinigra , but short in  M. minimoides ; corpus bursae sack-like, membranous, in  M. minimoides with prominent cervix. </p>
            <p> Etymology. The generic name is formed by the combination of the family word “ mini ” (small) with “ grapta ” (drawn), the second part of the name  Xanthograpta . </p>
            <p> Notes. Sugi (1982) described  Xanthograpta basinigra in the genus  Xanthograpta (type-species  Pyralis trilatalis Walker , [1866] 1865 [India]), in the subfamily  Acontiinae (sensu auctorum). Presently, the large heterogeneous assemblage Erastrianae (sensu Hampson 1910), referred to as the  Acontiinae , has been divided into the subfamilies  Acontiinae ,  Eustrotiinae , Boletobiinae, Aediinae,  Metoponiinae and Sinocharinae; some generic complexes were transferred to the subfamily  Xyleninae (tribes Elaphriini and Pseudeustrotiini) (Speidel et al. 1996; Fibiger &amp; Lafontaine 2005; Lafontaine &amp; Fibiger 2006; Holloway 2011; Lafontaine &amp; Schmidt 2010; Zahiri et al. 2011). However there remain many unassociated genera of former “  Acontiinae ” that require revison and placement. In the course of the revision of  Acontiinae (sensu auctorum) we found that the species ‘ X ’.  basinigra is not associated with any subfamily or tribe currently separated from “  Acontiinae ” but, judging from the structure of female genitalia, appears allied with the tribe  Apameini of the subfamily  Xyleninae . The examination of the photograph of imago and male genitalia of  Xanthograpta trilatalis (Figs. 1, 2) sent to us by M. Honey (NHM) revealed that ‘ X’.  basinigra is not congeneric with the latter. Based on structures of the male genitalia of  Xanthograpta trilatalis (presence of scaphium, lacking of paratergal sclerites, presence of strong transtilla, narrow sacculus, lacking of harpe and cucullus) we concluded that this species belongs to the subfamily  Eustrotiinae , while male genitalia of ‘ X ’.  basinigra presenting features of  Xyleninae ,  Apameini ; the structure of female genitalia match well with apameine genera. We could not associate ‘ X ’.  basinigra with any known Palaearctic and Nearctic (Lafontaine, pers. comm.) genera of  Apameini . Here we describe a new genus  Minigrapta gen. n. in the tribe  Apameini . The new genus is closest to West Palaearcic apameine genus  Photedes Lederer, 1857 (type-species  Apamea captiuncula Treitschke, 1825 ). It includes two species, of which  M. basinigra comb. n. externally resembling  Ph. captiuncula (Fig. 7), and  M. minimoides sp. n. resembling  Ph. minima (Haworth, 1809) (Fig. 8). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FB3D288B1CFFC2FF4CFD7E40552DD6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	V, Ато	V, Ато (2012): A new genus and species of the tribe Apameini from the Russian Far East (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae: Xyleninae). Zootaxa 3590: 16-22, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.283160
03FB3D288B19FFC5FF4CFB0440AA2DBF.text	03FB3D288B19FFC5FF4CFB0440AA2DBF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Minigrapta basinigra (Sugi 1982) Sugi 1982	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Minigrapta basinigra (Sugi, 1982) ,  comb. n.</p>
            <p>(Figs. 3, 4, 9, 13)</p>
            <p> Xanthograpta basinigra Sugi, 1982 , Moths of Japan 1: 822, 2: 384, pl. 198: 8 (Type-locality: Japan: Hokkaido, Tokachi, Taiki). </p>
            <p> References: Kononenko 1990:10 (  Xanthograpta ); 2005:92, 155 (  Xanthograpta ); Kononenko et al. 1998:169, fig. 439 (  Xanthograpta ); Matov et al. 2008:273 (  Xanthograpta ); Kononenko &amp; Han 2007: 111, Pl. 131:1, Pl. 266: 2 (  Xanthograpta , male and female genitalia). </p>
            <p>Material examined. 2 males, Russia, Primorye terr., De Friza pen. near Vladivostok, 20.vii.1955, 19.vii.1960 (M.A. Omelko); female, Primorye terr., Ugolnaya, Peschanka river, 5.viii.1960 (L. Anufriev); 2 males, Primorye terr., Vladivostok vicinity, biological station, 26.vii.1963 (M.I. Falkovich) (ZISP); 3 males, 2 females, Primorye terr., Khasansky distr., Sukhanovsky Pass, 20–23.vii.2002 (V.S. Kononenko).</p>
            <p> Diagnosis. Wingspan 16–17 mm. Head, thorax and basal half of forewing blackish-brown; outer part of medial field pale yellowish-red, darker to subterminal field; orbicular not expressed, reniform indistinct, relatively large, pale yellowish, with dark nucleus; terminal field and cilia dark blackish-brown; hindwing pale grayish-brown. Male and female genitalia as described for the genus. Compared with related species  M. minimoides sp. n. male genitalia differs by reduced peniculi, stronger and wider harpe, fully reduced harpe, thin aedeagus with single spine-like cornutus. Female genitalia differs from  M. minimoides sp. n. by broader papillae anales, longer apophyses anteriores and posteriors, and very small antrum. </p>
            <p> Distribution and bionomics. Manchurian, nemoral. Russia: Amur reg., south of Khabarovsk and Primorye terr.; Korea, North China, Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu). A meso-hygrophilous species, occuring in wet meadows, lakes or sea shores, grassy hills, valleys of creeks and rivers with grasses (  Poaceae :  Calamagrostis and  Miscanthus sinensis particularly) in abundance. The moth flies from late June to mid August. The early stages are unknown. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FB3D288B19FFC5FF4CFB0440AA2DBF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	V, Ато	V, Ато (2012): A new genus and species of the tribe Apameini from the Russian Far East (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae: Xyleninae). Zootaxa 3590: 16-22, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.283160
03FB3D288B18FFC4FF4CFF4647D42FA9.text	03FB3D288B18FFC4FF4CFF4647D42FA9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Minigrapta minimoides Matov & Kononenko	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Minigrapta minimoides Matov &amp; Kononenko sp. n.</p>
            <p>(Figs. 5, 6, 10, 14)</p>
            <p>Material Examined. Holotype: Male, Primorye terr., Nadezhdinsky distr., Malaya Elduga river, 7.vii.1982 (M.V. Kozlov) (ZISP). Paratypes: 2 males, 2 females, same data (ZISP); 1 male, Primorye terr., Khasansky distr., Kedrovaya Pad nature reserve, 16.vii.1959 (A. Zemlina) (ZISP).</p>
            <p> Diagnosis. Externally the new species resembles European  Photedes minima , but the male genitalic structures, namely thin, long uncus, lacking of clavus, apically constricted valva and reduced cucullus indicate to its affinity to  M. basinigra . It differs from the latter in the straw yellowish coloration of the forewing and the absence of the wing pattern contrast typical of  M. basinigra . In male genitalia it differs from  M. basinigra in having a slightly spatulate tip of the uncus, more developed lateral lobes of the tegumen (peniculi), presence of a short vestigial harpe, a smaller cucullus and structure of aedeagus and shape and arming of vesica.  M. minimoides differs from allopatric  Ph. minima by thin and long uncus, two times as long as  Ph. minima , shape of juxta, lacking of clavus (strong in  Ph. minima ), apically constricted valva (constricted medially and extended apically in  Ph. minima ), reduced cucullus and presence of vestigial harpe. The female genitalia differ from both species by shape of ovipositor, smaller pointed papillae anales, shorter apophyses posteriores and anteriores, rather large funnel-like antrum and presence of a cervix bursae. </p>
            <p> Description. Adult (Fig. 5, 6). Wingspan 18–20 mm. Head and thorax covered with straw-yellowish scales; forewing coloration straw-yellowish, wing pattern weak, consisting of brownish lines and marks on costal area. Basal, subbasal and antemedial field monotonous straw-yellowish; medial field somewhat darker, suffused with brownish scales; antemedial line indistinct, clearly marked in costal area; postmedial line more distinct, a blackish mark in the costal area, bulging outward towards the middle, dentate along the veins; orbicular spot not expressed, reniform indistinct, darker than background, quadrangular, with two blackish dots; subterminal field strawbrownish, darker outward; subterminal line marked in costal area as dark dash; terminal field somewhat darker than subterminal; terminal line dark brown; cilia blackish-brown. Hindwing yellowish-grey, with darker terminal line; cilia brown, with pale yellowish-grey inner border. Female with indistinct wing pattern. Male genitalia. (Fig. 10). Uncus slightly bifurcate at tip; tegumen with large lateral lobes; juxta as vertical plate, extended basally; valva relatively narrow, gradually constricted apically; sacculus without clavus; costa strong, sclerotised; clasper positioned longitudinally, harpe small, weak, positioned in apical third of valva; cucullus small, more or less triangular, covered with dense setae. Aedeagus straight, relatively massive, vesica tubular, recurved, with single long cornutus. Female genitalia. (Fig. 14). Papillae anales strongly sclerotised, pointed, smaller and narrower than in  M. basinigra ; apophyses posteriores and anteriores moderate, almost equal in length, strong; antrum funnel-like, sclerotised; ductus bursae short; corpus bursae elongate, sack-like, with small membranous cervix. </p>
            <p> Etymology. The name  minimoides reflects the external similarity of the new Far Eastern species to the western Palaearctic  Photedes minima . </p>
            <p>Distribution and bionomics. The species is known only from two localities in the south of Primorye territory: Kedrovaya Pad reserve and Malaya Elduga river. Adults were collected at light in July in the wet valley of a small river in the belt of Manchurian mixed-broadleaf forest.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FB3D288B18FFC4FF4CFF4647D42FA9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	V, Ато	V, Ато (2012): A new genus and species of the tribe Apameini from the Russian Far East (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae: Xyleninae). Zootaxa 3590: 16-22, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.283160
