taxonID	type	description	language	source
03FBE15DDC671A649406B6558C71A531.taxon	type_taxon	Type species Pholcus globosus Taczanowski, 1874.	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
03FBE15DDC671A649406B6558C71A531.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis See Valdez-Mondragón (2010, 2013, 2014).	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
03FBE15DDC671A649406B6558C71A531.taxon	distribution	Distribution The genus Physocyclus is native and endemic in North and Central America (Valdez-Mondragón 2010), with the exception of P. globosus, which has a cosmopolitan distribution due to human activities (Valdez- Mondragón 2010, 2013, 2014). Huber & Villarreal (2020) mentioned that Caporiacco’s (1955) records of P. dugesi Simon, 1893 from Miranda (1 ♀) and Caracas (1 juv.) are dubious and presumably based on specimens of P. globosus or a species of Priscula Simon, 1893. The natural distribution of Physocylus is mainly in arid and dry ecosystems (Figs 9 – 10, 13, 76, 77), such as xerophilous scrubs or deserts, although some species occur in zones with temperate and subtropical climates, such as deciduous forest (Figs 8, 12, 70, 72). The specific habitat of these spiders is between big boulders, in tree bark, or inside any hollow that provides protection (Figs 11, 71). In karstic zones, due to their trogophilic habits, they are commonly found inside caves, on the walls or between fissures (Figs 11, 73, 75) (Valdez-Mondragón 2010).	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
03FBE15DDC671A649406B6558C71A531.taxon	discussion	Composition The genus Physocyclus is composed of two species groups: globosus and dugesi. The globosus group includes 15 species: P. bicornis Gertsch, 1971, P. gertschi Valdez-Mondragón, 2010, P. globosus, P. guanacaste Huber, 1998, P. huacana Valdez-Mondragón, 2010, P. lautus Gertsch, 1971, P. mariachi sp. nov., P. modestus Gertsch, 1971, P. montanoi Valdez-Mondragón, 2010, P. paredesi Valdez- Mondragón, 2010, P. pocamadre sp. nov., P. sarae Valdez-Mondragón, 2010, P. sikuapu sp. nov., P. validus Gertsch, 1971, and P. xerophilus Nolasco & Valdez-Mondragón, 2020. The dugesi group includes 22 species: P. brevicornus Valdez-Mondragón, 2010, P. californicus Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1929, P. cornutus Banks, 1898, P. darwini, P. dugesi, P. enaulus Crosby, 1926, P. franckei Valdez-Mondragón, 2010, P. hoogstraali Gertsch & Davis, 1942, P. lyncis sp. nov., P. marialuisae Valdez-Mondragón, 2010, P. merus Gertsch, 1971, P. mexicanus Banks, 1898, P. michoacanus, P. mysticus Chamberlin, 1924, P. palmarus Jiménez & Palacios-Cardel, 2013, P. pedregosus Gertsch, 1971, P. peribanensis Valdez-Mondragón, 2014, P. platnicki Valdez- Mondragón, 2010, P. reddelli, P. rothi Valdez-Mondragón, 2010, P. sprousei Valdez-Mondragón, 2010, and P. tanneri Chamberlin, 1921.	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
03FBE15DDC671A649406B6558C71A531.taxon	description	The identification key of species of Physocyclus Simon, 1893 is updated from Valdez-Mondragón 2010 (hereafter VM 2010), using the same abbreviations. Identification keys Males	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
03FBE15DDC671A649406B6558C71A531.taxon	description	Females	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
03FBE15DDC691A7B97F2B60288A0A293.taxon	description	Figs 14 – 33	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
03FBE15DDC691A7B97F2B60288A0A293.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis Males of Physocyclus mariachi sp. nov. resemble P. paredesi in the shape of LAC, and by absence of sclerotized cones in frontal part of chelicerae (Figs 17 – 18, 24; VM 2010: figs: 204, 205). In P. mariachi sp. nov. (1) two longer and more sclerotized LAC on each male chelicera (Figs 17 – 19, 24 – 25; VM 2010: figs 204 – 205; Valdez-Mondragón 2014: figs 21, 23 – 24); (2) LAC wider, more curved (Figs 17 – 18, 24); (3) distal-frontal apophyses of chelicerae longer, with some sclerotized ones (Figs 17 – 18, 24); (4) in retrolateral view, PR of male palp darker, straight (Figs 21, 26); (5) distal spine of PR harpoon-shaped; (6) in dorsal view, ES wide, sigmoid-shaped (Figs 22 – 23, 27); (7) in retrolateral view, E thinner but longer, with distal concavity between two small sclerotized spines (Figs 21 – 23, 26 – 27). Females of P. mariachi sp. nov. with (1) triangular epigynum (Fig. 31); (2) with small and conical apophyses on anterior part, located on two dark regions (Figs 31 – 32); (3) in dorsal view, PP long, thin, in convergent position to each other (Fig. 33); PP oval, almost circular in P. paredesi (Valdez-Mondragón 2014: fig. 33).	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
03FBE15DDC691A7B97F2B60288A0A293.taxon	etymology	Etymology The species name is a noun in apposition, and it refers to a genre of regional and popular Mexican music commonly known as “ Mariachi ”, from the state of Jalisco where the type locality of the species is located.	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
03FBE15DDC691A7B97F2B60288A0A293.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Holotype MEXICO • ♂; Jalisco, Municipality of Hostotipaquillo, 2 km SW of Hostotipaquillo; 21.0879 ° N, 104.0685 ° W; 1355 m a. s. l.; 9 Nov. 2020; A. Valdez, I. Navarro, A. Juárez and S. Nolasco leg.; daytime collection; CNAN-T 01471. Paratypes MEXICO • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; CNAN-T 01472 • 1 ♀; Municipality of Plan de Barrancas, 2.5 km SE of Plan de Barrancas; 21.0239 ° N, 104.1907 ° W; 915 m a. s. l.; 9 Nov. 2020; A. Valdez, I. Navarro, A. Juárez and S. Nolasco leg.; daytime collection; CNAN-T 01473. Other material MEXICO • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Nayarit, Municipality of El Nayar, Arroyo Santiago; AMNH • 1 immature; same collection data as for holotype; LATLAX • 1 immature; same collection data as for second paratype; LATLAX.	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
03FBE15DDC691A7B97F2B60288A0A293.taxon	description	Description Male (holotype, CNAN-T 01471) MEASUREMENTS. Total length 2.5. Carapace 1.11 long, 1.3 wide. Clypeus 0.5 long. Diameter AME 0.08, ALE 0.12, PME 0.10, PLE 0.12. Distance ALE-PME 0.06, PME-PME 0.13. Leg lengths: I (total 23.5): femur 6.4 / patella 0.5 / tibia 6.7 / metatarsus 8.5 / tarsus 1.3; tibia II: 4.5; tibia III: 3.1; tibia IV: 5; tibia I L / d 40.5. PROSOMA. Carapace light beige with Y-shaped light gray pattern around fovea and posterior part of carapace. Fovea longitudinal. Carapace with three irregular spots on each side (Figs 14 – 15). Clypeus wide, with dark brown irregular mark lengthwise (Fig. 17). Chelicerae pale, with two lateral apophyses on each side, with triangular tip and pointing down (Figs 17 – 19, 24 – 25). Anterior apophyses of chelicerae wide, dark, sclerotized, with small cones, in lateral view looks like a sawn surface. Posterior apophyses of chelicera small and thinner than anterior apophyses, with 4 – 5 sclerotized cones on each side (Figs 17 – 19, 24 – 25). Chelicerae with stridulatory files. Sternum light beige, with small and inconspicuous light brown spots. Labium brown, wider than long. Endites brown prolaterally, beige retrolaterally, longer than wide (Fig. 16). LEGS. All segments with beige coloration. Tibiae and femora with brown rings distally. Trochanters light brown (Figs 14 – 16). OPISTHOSOMA. Globular, longer than wide, high, with numerous white, gray and dark spots (Figs 14 – 15). Spinnerets dark brown, with short seta around (Fig. 16). PALP. DAP wide and dark (Fig. 21). PR entirely dark, with notch in middle part, ending in long thin spine (Figs 21 – 23, 26). ES small and short, with oval shape in prolateral and retrolateral views (Figs 20 – 21, 26), wide, long and sinuous in dorsal view (Figs 22 – 23, 27). E small and short in retrolateral view, ending in a small tip. SO positioned in distal part of E (Fig. 26). Female (paratype, CNAN-T 01472) Similar to the male, differences: PROSOMA. Carapace clearer, almost white, with darker dorsal pattern (Fig. 28). Carapace with small protuberance on posterior part (Fig. 29, red arrow). Sternum brown, with beige region in middle part (Fig. 30). Clypeus darker than in male, beige region in central part. Chelicerae with brown coloration, without LAC or sclerotized cones (Fig. 29). OPISTHOSOMA. With dorsal patch in anterior part (Fig. 28, red arrow). This structure might be a functional complex (with the protuberance of prosoma). LEGS. Femora and tibiae with darker rings distally (Figs 28 – 30). EPIGYNUM. Wider than long, bell-shaped, with VAE small, conical, pointing forward, surrounded by dark spot, with clear stripe across epigynum longitudinally (Figs 31 – 32). PP small and elongated, ovalshaped, located in perpendicular position (Fig. 33). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 3.7. Carapace 1.2 long, 1.2 wide. Clypeus 0.4 long. Diameter AME 0.08, ALE 0.12, PME 0.11, PLE 0.11. Distance ALE-PME 0.06, PME-PME 0.12. Leg lengths: I (total 16.8): femur 4.4 / patella 0.5 / tibia 4.6 / metatarsus 6.1 / tarsus 1.1; tibia II: 3.3; tibia III: 2.4; tibia IV: 3.6; tibia I L / d: 24.6. Variation Females Female collected in Plan de Barrancas is bigger than female collected at type locality. With an ocher coloration. The coloration of the dorsal pattern of the carapace and chelicerae is darker in this female. (N = 1): Tibia I: 5.7; tibia II: 3.9; tibia III: 2.9; tibia IV: 4.4; tibia I L / d: 26.2.	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
03FBE15DDC691A7B97F2B60288A0A293.taxon	distribution	Distribution Mexico: Jalisco (Fig. 78).	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
03FBE15DDC691A7B97F2B60288A0A293.taxon	discussion	Remarks This new species was previously recorded by W. J. Gertsch from Arroyo Santiago, Nayarit, Mexico, who tentatively named the species as Physocyclus “ nayaritus ”. The species was never described, however, Gertsch drew some sketches consulted by A. Valdez-Mondragón at the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH) (year 2008). Those sketches are shown herein (Figs 34 – 37).	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
03FBE15DDC691A7B97F2B60288A0A293.taxon	biology_ecology	Natural history The specimens were collected among boulders on the ground. The male type and one female were collected close together during copulation. The vegetation of the type locality was disturbed deciduous forest (Figs 70 – 71).	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
03FBE15DDC761A7197EBB1DD8B18A25A.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 3 CD 7 FA 9 C-F 2 F 7 - 4 E 14 - 92 BB-C 2 C 34 D 04 E 74 E Figs 38 – 57.	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
03FBE15DDC761A7197EBB1DD8B18A25A.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis Males of Physocyclus sikuapu sp. nov. resemble P. globosus in having LAC short, by shape of distal spine of PR, pointing to the base of palp femora, and by the half-moon shape of the EE (Figs 42 – 44, 48 – 49; VM 2010: figs 42 – 44). In P. sikuapu sp. nov. (1) chelicerae completely flat, without sclerotized cones, with uniform beige coloration (Figs 42 – 43, 48 – 49); (2) LAC short, conical, pointing down, with SF occupying entire length of chelicerae (Figs 41 – 43, 48 – 49); (3) ES wider, shorter (Figs 44, 46 – 47, 50 – 51). Females of P. sikuapu sp. nov. with (1) bell-shaped epigynum in frontal view, with stretch marks transversally in posterior part (Figs 55 – 56); (2) VAE small, slightly curved in lateral view (Fig. 56); (3) in dorsal view, PP long, oval, with two bag-shaped structures below them (Fig. 57, red arrow).	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
03FBE15DDC761A7197EBB1DD8B18A25A.taxon	etymology	Etymology The species name is a noun in apposition that means spider (sïkuapu = spider) in the Purépecha language from the pre-Columbian Purépecha state, which existed from the early 14 th century until 1530, and today is known as the state of Michoacan, where the type locality is found.	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
03FBE15DDC761A7197EBB1DD8B18A25A.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Holotype MEXICO • ♂; Michoacan, Municipality of Aquila, cave at the viewpoint of Costa Aquila; 18.5634 ° N, 103.6471 ° W; 160 m. a. s. l.; 19 Nov 2020; A. Valdez, I. Navarro, A. Juárez and S. Nolasco leg; daytime collection; CNAN-T 01474. Paratypes MEXICO • 1 ♂; same collection data as for holotype; CNAN-T 01474 • 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; CNAN-T 01475. Other material MEXICO • 8 immatures; same collection data as for holotype; LATLAX.	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
03FBE15DDC761A7197EBB1DD8B18A25A.taxon	description	Description Male (holotype, CNAN-T 01474) MEASUREMENTS. Total length 3.8. Carapace 1.7 long, 1.6 wide. Clypeus 0.6 long. Diameter AME 0.08, ALE 0.12, PME 0.11, PLE 0.12. Distance ALE-PME 0.06, PME-PME 0.13. Leg lengths: I (total 38.7): femur 9.8 / patella 0.6 / tibia 10.6 / metatarsus 15.9 / tarsus 1.7; tibia II: 7.5; tibia III: 5.3; tibia IV: 7.4. tibia I L / d: 61.2. PROSOMA. Carapace light brown, with a Y-shaped mark around fovea and posterior part of ocular region. Fovea longitudinal. Carapace with three conspicuous irregular spots, barely visible on each side (Fig. 38). Clypeus wide, with same color of carapace (Fig. 41). Chelicerae light beige, without sclerotized cones, with short and conical lateral apophyses, pointing down (Figs 42, 48). SF laterally occupying total length of chelicerae (Figs 42 – 43, 48 – 49). Sternum pale grey, with four pale marks on each side. Labium brown, wider than long. Endites brown, longer than wide (Fig. 40). LEGS. All segments with light beige coloration. Trochanters light brown, darker than in female. Femora and tibiae with barely visible ring-shaped marks distally. OPISTHOSOMA. Globular, longer than wide, with inconspicuous irregular marks. Spinnerets light beige (Figs 38 – 40). PALP. DAP thin and conical. In retrolateral view, PR slightly sinuous, with basal half light brown and distal half dark, ending in a long, curved, distal spine (Figs 44, 50). PR with a notch in basal half. In retrolateral view, ES short, square-shaped (Figs 44, 50); in dorsal view curved, C-shaped (Figs 46 – 47, 51). E short, square-shaped distally in prolateral view (Figs 44, 20), long and semi-conical in dorsal view (Figs 46 – 47, 51). Female (paratype, CNAN-T 01475) Similar to the male, differences: PROSOMA. Carapace with pale coloration (Fig. 52). With a Y-shaped mark darker than in male. Clypeus slightly darker than in male. Chelicerae brown, without sclerotized cones or lateral apophyses (Fig. 53). OPISTHOSOMA. With numerous and irregular grey, white and brown marks (Figs 52 – 54). EPIGYNUM. Wider than long, bell-shaped, VAE small and slightly curved in lateral view (Figs 55 – 56). Anterior part of epigynum has a central gray spot, between the VAE (Fig. 55). Posterior part of epigynum darker than anterior part and seems to have stretch marks transversally (Figs 55 – 56). PP oval, with a pair of bag-shaped structures below them, which have an oval shape (Fig. 57). MEASUREMENTS. Total length: 3. Carapace 1.3 long, 1.3 wide. Clypeus: 0.5. Diameter AME 0.06, ALE 0.11, PME 0.08, PLE 0.12. Distance ALE-PME 0.08, PME-PME 0.12. Leg lengths: I (total 27.7): femur 6.8 / patella 0.6 / tibia 7.8 / metatarsus 11 / tarsus 1.6; tibia II: 5.3; tibia III: 3.8; tibia IV: 5.5; tibia I L / d: 52.3. Variation Males Male paratype collected at the same locality as male holotype is smaller, with a light beige coloration. Sternum with same color as carapace, with irregular darker marks in the periphery. The marks in the opisthosoma are slightly darker. (N = 1): tibia I: missing; tibia II: 7.6; tibia III: 5.4; tibia IV: 7.6. Females The other female paratype is a little bigger, with the VAE coloration clearer. (N = 1): tibia I: 8.6; tibia II: 6; tibia III: 4.5; tibia IV: 6.3. Natural history The specimens were collected among big boulders in a disturbed tropical deciduous forest, and inside of a small karstic cave on walls and in the ground (Figs 72 – 73).	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
03FBE15DDC761A7197EBB1DD8B18A25A.taxon	distribution	Distribution Mexico: Michoacan (Fig. 78).	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
03FBE15DDC7C1A74979EB11B88EDA1B8.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: F 0 F 73 C 91 - 0 BF 2 - 4841 - 88 E 6 - 56 B 9 AE 3 D 1 BE 5 Figs 58 – 63	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
03FBE15DDC7C1A74979EB11B88EDA1B8.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis Females of Physocyclus lyncis sp. nov. resemble P. californicus by shape of epigynum, with semisquare shape in anterior part; VAE with a flat, wide shape in frontal and lateral views (Fig. 61; VM 2010: figs 12, 14). In P. lyncis sp. nov. (1) VAE long, wide, almost flat, ending in rounded tip, with dark region between them (Figs 61 – 62); (2) VAE closer to each other; (3) PP long, elongated, slightly curved (Fig. 63); (4) sclerotized arc of uterus pointing toward right side; (5) body coloration light beige, with a light brown inverted triangle pattern in carapace (Fig. 58); (6) irregular pale gray marks spread on sternum (Fig. 60).	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
03FBE15DDC7C1A74979EB11B88EDA1B8.taxon	etymology	Etymology The species name is a noun in apposition and refers to the type locality where the species was collected: Cueva del Lince, Ejido La Primavera, Ecotourist Park, Jalisco, Mexico.	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
03FBE15DDC7C1A74979EB11B88EDA1B8.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Holotype MEXICO • ♀; Jalisco, Municipality of Zapopan, Cueva del Lince, Ejido La Primavera, Ecotourist Park; 20.7120 ° N, 103.5700 ° W; 1605 m a. s. l.; 8 Nov. 2020; A. Valdez, I. Navarro, A. Juárez and S. Nolasco leg.; daytime collection; CNAN-T 01476. Paratypes MEXICO • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; CNAN-T 01477 • 2 ♀♀; Municipality of Zapopan, Ejido La Primavera, Ecotourist Park; 20.6892 ° N, 103.5820 ° W; 1645 m a. s. l.; 30 Mar. 2012; L. Olguín, J. Mendoza, G. Contreras, C. Santibañez and D. Ortiz leg.; daytime collection; CNAN-T 01478. Other material MEXICO • 2 immatures; same collection data as for holotype; LATLAX.	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
03FBE15DDC7C1A74979EB11B88EDA1B8.taxon	description	Description Female (holotype, CNAN-T 01476) MEASUREMENTS. Total length: 4.5. Carapace 1.6 long, 1.9 wide. Clypeus 0.5. Diameter AME 0.10, ALE 0.12, PME 0.12, PLE 0.15. Distance ALE-PME 0.11, PME-PME 0.18. Leg lengths: I missing; tibia II: missing; tibia III: 4.8; tibia IV: 6.4. PROSOMA. Carapace light beige with light brown irregular pattern, triangular-shaped around fovea and posterior part of ocular region (Fig. 58). Fovea longitudinal. Clypeus entirely light gray, without marks. Chelicerae light gray, without stridulatory files (Fig. 59). Sternum with light beige coloration, with spread and irregular pale gray spots. Endites and labium longer than wide, with light brown coloration (Fig. 60). LEGS. All segments with same coloration as carapace. Tibiae and femora with light gray rings distally. Trochanter light gray retrolaterally (Fig. 60). OPISTHOSOMA. Globose, longer than wide, with big dark marks, gray and white (Figs 58 – 59). Spinnerets light brown (Fig. 60). EPIGYNUM. Wider than long, with semisquare shape in anterior part; VAE long, wide, semicircular distally and almost flat, pointing downwards (Figs 61 – 62). Pale region close to epigastric furrow (Fig. 61). PP wide, sclerotized arc of uterus (Fig. 63). Male Unknown. Variation Females Female paratype collected from the type locality smaller than female holotype. The body coloration and its patterns are lighter. The marks on the ophistosoma are only dark. (N = 1): tibia I: missing; tibia II: missing; tibia III: missing; tibia IV: 5.3. Females collected in 2012 are bigger than female holotype. Body coloration is ocher and the marks are dark brown. Dark region between the VAE is more marked and darker. (N = 2): female 1: tibia I: missing; tibia II: missing; tibia III: 5.6, tibia IV: 7.6. Female 2: tibia I: missing; tibia II: missing; tibia III: 4.9; tibia IV: 6.8.	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
03FBE15DDC7C1A74979EB11B88EDA1B8.taxon	biology_ecology	Natural History The specimens were collected on the walls of a small cave. The wall of the cave is of clay material that came off on contact (Fig. 75). This cave is located in perturbed oak forest, but the predominant vegetation of the Ejido La Primavera is oak-pine forest (Fig. 74). This type of vegetation is somewhat unusual for the genus Physocyclus, which commonly inhabits deciduous tropical forest and xerophytic scrub, but rarely temperate forest.	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
03FBE15DDC7C1A74979EB11B88EDA1B8.taxon	distribution	Distribution Mexico: Jalisco (Fig. 78).	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
03FBE15DDC791A7797FEB2B98A62A645.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: C 1 CAEA 70 - 9477 - 4 C 27 - BB 99 - 41 ED 86 B 39 D 3 B Figs 64 – 69	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
03FBE15DDC791A7797FEB2B98A62A645.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis Females of Physocyclus pocamadre sp. nov. resemble those of P. xerophilus by shape and size of VAE. In P. pocamadre sp. nov. (1) VAE slightly elongated, in parallel position (Fig. 67 – 68); (2) epigynum longer than wide (Fig. 67); (3) lateral constrictions of epigynum absent; (4) PP elongated, thin, without bag-shaped structures below (Fig. 69).	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
03FBE15DDC791A7797FEB2B98A62A645.taxon	etymology	Etymology The species name is a noun in apposition, from the Mexican slang words “ poca madre ”, which mean something cool or something nice.	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
03FBE15DDC791A7797FEB2B98A62A645.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Holotype MEXICO • ♀; Baja California Sur, Municipality of La Paz, cave close to the beach “ El Tecolote ”, highway La Paz – El Tecolote; 24.3330 ° N, − 110.3127 ° W; 4 m a. s. l.; 7 Aug. 2019; A. Valdez, P. Solís, A. Cabrera and D. Montiel leg.; daytime collection; CNAN-T 01479. Paratypes MEXICO • 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; CNAN-T 01480. • 1 ♀; Baja California, Municipality of Ensenada, beach “ Punta San Francisquito ”, San Francisquito Bay; 28.4089 ° N, 112.8581 ° W; 4 m a. s. l.; 23 Jul. 2019; A. Valdez, P. Solís, A. Cabrera and D. Montiel leg.; nighttime collection; CNAN-T 01481.	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
03FBE15DDC791A7797FEB2B98A62A645.taxon	description	Description Female (holotype, CNAN-T 01479) MEASUREMENTS. Total length 3.2. Carapace 1.4 long, 1.5 wide. Clypeus 0.3. Diameter AME 0.07, ALE 0.11, PME 0.11, PLE 0.12. Distance ALE-PME 0.05, PME-PME 0.13. Leg lengths: I (total 18.2): femur 5.4 / patella 0.6 / tibia 5.8 / metatarsus 5.2 / tarsus 1.2; tibia II: 4.3; tibia III: 3.3; tibia IV: 4.4; tibia I L / d: 41.1. PROSOMA. Carapace beige color, with a Y-shaped pale brown pattern around fovea and posterior part of ocular region (Figs 64 – 65). Carapace with a dorsal protuberance in posterior part (red arrow on Fig. 64). Fovea longitudinal. Clypeus without marks, entirely pale beige. Chelicerae with light brown coloration, without stridulatory files (Fig. 65). Sternum pale brown. Labium and endites dark brown, both wider than long (Fig. 66). LEGS. All segments with beige coloration. Tibiae and femora with light gray rings distally. Trochanters light beige, with a notch distally (Figs 64 – 66). OPISTHOSOMA. Longer than wide, with a dorsal patch located in anterior part (blue arrow on Fig. 64). This structure might be functional, together with dorsal protuberance of carapace (Fig. 64). EPIGYNUM. Longer than wide, with VAE small, semi-conical, pointing forward (Figs 67 – 68). VAE darker than rest of epigynum (Fig. 67). PP thin and markedly long (Fig. 69). Sclerotized arc of uterus thin (Fig. 69). Male Unknown. Variation Females Females paratypes smaller than female holotype. One of them has a pale beige coloration and the pattern of the body has a light gray coloration, whereas the other female has a similar color as the female holotype. (N = 2): female 1: tibia I: 5.3; tibia II: 3.9; tibia III: 2.9; tibia IV: 3.9. Female 2: tibia I: missing; tibia II: 3.6; tibia III: 2.7; tibia IV: 3.8. The ring coloration of tibiae and femora are light beige, barely visible. The pattern on carapace is slightly dark. (N = 1): tibia I: 7.8; tibia II: 5.6; tibia III: 3.8; tibia IV: 5.4.	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
03FBE15DDC791A7797FEB2B98A62A645.taxon	biology_ecology	Natural history The specimens were collected on their sheet webs among and under large boulders on the ground at both localities, close to the beaches “ El Tecolote ” and “ Punta San Francisquito ” (Figs 76 – 77). The vegetation type of both localities is dry xerophilous scrub, with cacti and scrubby vegetation (Figs 76 – 77). The specimens collected close to the beach “ El Tecolote ” were collected on their sheet webs among and under large boulders on the ground, and on walls of the cave, which is a concavity on a big wall.	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
03FBE15DDC791A7797FEB2B98A62A645.taxon	distribution	Distribution Mexico: Baja California and Baja California Sur (Fig. 78).	en	Nolasco, Garduño, Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro (2022): Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys. European Journal of Taxonomy 813: 173-206, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1739
