identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03FAD01DBA0EA978D0A3F8EEFBA0FCD2.text	03FAD01DBA0EA978D0A3F8EEFBA0FCD2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhodocybe formosa Vila, Contu, F. Caball. & A. Ortega, Bol. Soc. Micol.	<div><p>Rhodocybe formosa Vila, Contu, F. Caball. &amp; A. Ortega, Bol. Soc. Micol. Madrid 31: 78 (2007) Figs. 2‒4</p> <p>≡ Clitopilus formosus (Vila, Contu, F. Caball. &amp; A. Ortega) Vila &amp; Contu, Boll. Assoc. Micol. Ecol. Romana 25 (77‒78): 12 (2009).</p> <p>= Rhodocybe minutispora Vila, Contu, A. Ortega &amp; F. Caball., Riv. Micol. 50(4): 304 (2007).</p> <p>≡ Clitopilus minutisporus (Vila, Contu, A. Ortega &amp; F. Caball.) Vila &amp; Contu, Boll. Assoc. Micol. Ecol. Romana 25 (77‒78): 12 (2009).</p> <p>Pileus 25‒55 mm broad, convex, becoming plano-convex or plane and shallowly depressed with age, margin long inrolled, becoming decurved then plane and eventually uplifted with age, entire, undulate, not translucently striate; surface dry, not hygrophanous, at first dark grey (Deep Plumbeous, Blackish Plumbeous, Plate LII), grey (Cinereous, Plumbeous, Plate LII), fading to beige-brown, ochre with age (Avellaneous, Plate XL; Cream-Buff, Chamois, Honey Yellow, Plate XXX; Cinnamon, Cinnamon-Buff, Clay Color, Plate XXIX), minutely felty-tomentose, matt, covered by a white pruina overall (as a micaceous sheen), often becoming concentrically areolate-rimose (sometimes the concentric cracks are darker than the rest of the surface). Lamellae broadly adnate to shortly decurrent, subdecurrent, up to 4 mm deep, medium crowded, L = 20‒30, intermixed with lamellulae of variable length, l = 1‒4(5), at first grey (Pale Drab-Gray, Pale Smoke Gray, Plate XLVI), then grey-beige (Pallid Brownish Drab, Plate XLV), pinkish (Light Vinaceous-Gray, Plate L) with age, edge entire or slightly eroded, concolorous. Stipe 25‒60 × 4‒10(‒12) mm, central, sometimes slightly off-centre, cylindrical to clavate, terete (solid) then fistulose (stuffed inside), straight to flexuose, sometimes laterally compressed/flattened, concolorous with the pileus or slightly paler, white pruinose at apex, fibrillose elsewhere; with a white basal mycelial tomentum and white rhizomorphs. Context fibrous, whitish, beige in the cortex, unchanging when handled; smell slightly farinaceous, sometimes flowery and reminding of Lepista irina; taste mild, sometimes slightly bitterish after long chewing. Spore-print pinkish.</p> <p>Spores ‘96/3/3’ (5‒)5.5‒6.5(‒7.6) × (4.2‒)4.5‒5.5(‒6) μm, on average 6.0 × 4.7 μm, Q = 1.16‒1.38, Qm = 1.26,</p> <p>subglobose to broadly ellipsoid and with evident suprahilar depression in side view, pyriform to subovoid in frontal view, angular in polar view (6‒9 facets), in side and face view strongly undulate-pustulate, gibbous, walls cyanophilic,</p> <p>inamyloid, non-dextrinoid. Basidia 4‒spored, 24‒34 × 6‒8.5 μm, strictly clavate, 5% with thickened walls (0.8–1.5</p> <p>μm) (sclerobasidia); sterigmata up to 4 μm long. Cheilo- and pleurocystidia as pseudocystidia, abundant, similar in size, shape and colour, 30‒75 × 4‒9 μm, cylindrical to clavate, subfusiform to lageniform, thin-walled, often septate at base, with refringent granular contents yellowish in H 2 O, 5% KOH and L4, soon strongly dextrinoid in Melzer’s reagent. Subhymenium filamentous, formed by short cylindrical, 3‒4 μm wide hyphae. Hymenophoral trama regular,</p> <p>consisting of cylindrical to sausage-shaped hyphae mixed with short, inflated elements, 7‒24 μm wide, thin-walled,</p> <p>sometimes secondarily septate and with irregular outgrowths. Thromboplerous hyphae (= oleiferous hyphae sensu</p> <p>Clémençon 2004) present, but rare. Pileipellis: suprapellis as a xerocutis, made up of subparallel, thin-walled, 3‒9 μm wide, tightly packed cylindrical hyphae; subpellis not well-differentiated, consisting of interwoven cylindrical, up to 12 μm wide hyphae, sometimes arranging in chain, walls brownish in 5% KOH; pigment epiparietal, strongly incrusting the elements of the suprapellis. Stipitipellis as a dry cutis of parallel, thin- to moderately thick-walled cylindrical hyphae, 2‒11 μm wide. Caulocystidia absent. Clamp-connections absent.</p> <p>Habit, habitat and distribution: — terricolous, gregarious or in small clusters consisting of 2‒ 3 specimens, under Pinus pinea L., on sandy soil. Fruiting in late Autumn (November) ‒Winter (December). Rare, so far known only from Italy and Spain.</p> <p>Collections examined: — R. formosa. SPAIN, Catalonia: Parc Serralada de Marina, Santa Maria de Martorelles, under Corylus avellana L. and Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn., 360 m a.s.l., 15 October 2006, F. Caballero and J. Vila, LIP JVG 1061015, holotype (LIP!). ITALY, Latium: Rome, loc. bosco di Castel Fusano, under Pinus pinea, on sandy soil, in a mixed wood, with Quercus ilex L., Pistacia lentiscus L. and Ruscus aculeatus L., 0 m a.s.l., 24 November 2012, B. Picillo and Gualberto Tiberi, Herb. B. Picillo 12/198 (Herb. B. Picillo!); ibidem, 26 November 2012, B. Picillo, Herb. B. Picillo 12/208 (Herb. B. Picillo!); ibidem, 19 December 2013, B. Picillo and L. Perrone, Herb. B. Picillo 13/339 (Herb. B. Picillo!); ibidem, 14 December 2014, B. Picillo, Herb. B. Picillo 14/459 (Herb. B. Picillo!); ibidem, 18 October 2015, B. Picillo, Herb. B. Picillo 15/268R (Herb. B. Picillo!); ibidem, 31 October 2015, B. Picillo and M. Marchionni, Herb. B. Picillo 15/271R (Herb. B. Picillo!). R. minutispora. SPAIN, Catalonia: Parc Serralada de Marina, Santa Maria de Martorelles, under Corylus avellana L., Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. and Rubus sp., 360 m a.s.l., 01 November 2007, J. Vila and F. Caballero, LIP JVG 1071101, holotype (LIP!).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FAD01DBA0EA978D0A3F8EEFBA0FCD2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vizzini, Alfredo;Picillo, Bernardo;Ercole, Enrico;Vila, Jordi;Contu, Marco	Vizzini, Alfredo, Picillo, Bernardo, Ercole, Enrico, Vila, Jordi, Contu, Marco (2016): Rhodocybe formosa (Agaricales, Entolomataceae): new collections, molecular data and synonymy, and Rhodocybe griseonigrella comb. nov. Phytotaxa 255 (1): 34-46, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.255.1.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.255.1.3
03FAD01DBA0CA979D0A3F8C9FC74FC1E.text	03FAD01DBA0CA979D0A3F8C9FC74FC1E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhodocybe griseonigrella (Vizzini & Picillo & Ercole & Vila & Contu 2016) Vizzini, Vila, Picillo & Contu KU 2016	<div><p>Rhodocybe griseonigrella (Vila, Contu, F. Caball. &amp; Ribes) Vizzini, Vila, Picillo &amp; Contu, comb. nov.</p> <p>MycoBank MB 816077</p> <p>Basionym: Clitopilus griseonigrellus Vila, Contu, F. Caball. &amp; Ribes, Boll. Assoc. Micol. Ecol. Romana 25 (77–78): 4 (2009). Description based on Vila et al. (2009, in Spanish).</p> <p>Pileus up to 25 mm broad, at first convex to plano-convex, sometimes with a small central umbo, then flattened, umbilicate only in very old specimens; surface mat, not hygrophanous, felty-tomentose, in young specimens covered by a white to light grey pruina overall (which gradually disappears during development) on a grey to brown-grey background, darkening to blackish when old or bruised; margin not striate, incurved when young, then straight, slightly crenulate and exceeding the lamellae, irregular or lobed in old specimens. Lamellae adnate to subdecurrent, not crowded, somewhat arcuate, thick, rarely forked or interveined, at first dark grey, then pale grey or cream-grey, with faint pinkish hues; lamellulae scarce to abundant, l = 1‒5, depending on the degree of development of the basidiome; edge concolorous, entire or somewhat irregular. Stipe central to clearly eccentric, cylindrical, straight or curved, up to 50 × 3 mm, solid; surface mat, felty-tomentose, covered by a white to light grey pruina on a dark grey to brown backround (as occurs in the pileus); base with white rhizomorphs. Context thin, scarce, grey to grey-brown, darkening to blackish when bruised or old; smell indistinct, fungoid; taste faintly bitter, somewhat mealy.</p> <p>Spores 5.7‒8 × 4.5‒5.9 μm, on average 6.6 × 5.3 μm, Q = 1.1‒1.5, broadly ellipsoid to subglobose, hyaline, thin-walled, in side and face view strongly nodulose-verrucose, gibbous, angular in polar view, hilar appendix evident, walls inamyloid, non-dextrinoid. Basidia 4‒spored, rarely 2‒spored, 26.7‒32 × 8‒10.7 μm, clavate, without basal clamp. Pseudocystidia very numerous, 29.3‒58.7 × 2.1‒9.1 μm, lageniform to fusiform, sometimes sinuose or mucronate at apex, non-septate, filled with refringent granular pigments (in KOH) strongly dextrinoid (in Melzer’s reagent). Hymenophoral trama consisting of cylindrical hyphae with refringent granular contents yellow in KOH and strongly dextrinoid in Melzer’s reagent. Pileipellis made up of cylindrical, sometimes winding hyphae, 2.4‒6.4 μm wide; pigment epiparietal, abundant, dark brown to grey, strongly incrusting the elements of the suprapellis, less evident or absent in the subpellis. Clamp-connections absent.</p> <p>Holotype: SPAIN, Catalonia, near La Nau, Serra de Marina, Santa Maria de Martorelles (Barcelona), on a slope, under Quercus ilex L., Q. humilis Mill., Pinus pinea L., Erica sp. and Cistus sp., on acidic soil (weathered granite), 320 m a.s.l., 04 December 2008, F. Caballero, LIP JVG 1081204 (LIP!).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FAD01DBA0CA979D0A3F8C9FC74FC1E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vizzini, Alfredo;Picillo, Bernardo;Ercole, Enrico;Vila, Jordi;Contu, Marco	Vizzini, Alfredo, Picillo, Bernardo, Ercole, Enrico, Vila, Jordi, Contu, Marco (2016): Rhodocybe formosa (Agaricales, Entolomataceae): new collections, molecular data and synonymy, and Rhodocybe griseonigrella comb. nov. Phytotaxa 255 (1): 34-46, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.255.1.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.255.1.3
03FAD01DBA03A974D0A3FAF8FA5CFE8A.text	03FAD01DBA03A974D0A3FAF8FA5CFE8A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhodocybe (sect. Rhodocybe) sect. Rhodocybe	<div><p>Key to the European species of Rhodocybe sect. Rhodocybe</p> <p>1. Pileipellis with numerous globose elements................. R. praesidentialis Consiglio, Contu, M. Roy, Selosse &amp; Vizzini (2007: 26)</p> <p>‒ Pileipellis consisting only of cylindrical hyphae without globose or inflated elements....................................................................2</p> <p>2. Spores subglobose to broadly ellipsoid..............................................................................................................................................3</p> <p>‒ Spores ellipsoid to amygdaliform.......................................................................................................................................................4</p> <p>3. Spores (5‒)5.5‒6.5(‒7.6) × (4.2‒)4.5‒5.5(‒6) μm, Q = 1.16‒1.38, pileus up to 55 mm broad, context unchanging when bruised, lamellae medium crowded, grey to brown.......................................................................................... R. formosa (= R. minutispora)</p> <p>‒ Spores 5.7‒8 × 4.5‒5.9 μm, Q = 1.1‒1.5, pileus up to 25 mm broad, context darkening to blackish when old or bruised, lamellae quite distant, dark grey............................................................................................................................................. R. griseonigrella</p> <p>4. Light blue to violaceous tinges present at least at stipe apex and well-developed cylindrical caulocystidia................. R. ardosiaca</p> <p>‒ Stipe without violaceous tinges and caulocystidia.............................................................................................................................5</p> <p>5. Basidiomes slender, fragile, conical-convex pileus with argillaceous to pale brown tinges (white in var. virgineopusilla), unpleasant smell and taste (like rotten fish), large spores, 7.5‒10 × 4.5‒5.5 μm....................................................................... R. obtusatula</p> <p>‒ Basidiomes less fragile, with different smell and smaller spores.......................................................................................................6</p> <p>6. Pileus at first covered with abundant white pruina (as a micaceous sheen).......................................................................................7</p> <p>‒ Pileus without white pruina................................................................................................................................................................9</p> <p>7. Pileus 6–18 mm broad, conico-convex to conical, with a broad obtuse umbo, bright yellow-brown, dark brown at centre, not cracked, lamellae yellow-brown...................................... Clitopilus djellouliae Contu, Vizzini, P. Roux &amp; Guy Garcia (2011: 158)</p> <p>‒ Pileus 4–30 mm broad, convex, soon convex-depressed, without umbo, dark grey, greysh- brown, minutely cracked, lamellae grey.....................................................................................................................................................................................................8</p> <p>8. Pseudocystidia abundant, 40–70 × 6–8 μm......................................................................................................................... R. caelata</p> <p>‒ Pseudocystidia rare, 30–40 × 3–4 μm.................................................................................................................................... R. dubia</p> <p>9. Pileus blackish brown, spores, 6.8‒9 × (5.7‒)6.2‒7.5 μm and large basidia, 32‒44 × 9.5‒13.5 μm, pseudocystidia up to 13 μm wide, filled with colourless contents in KOH, and growth in dwarf shrubs in tundra.............................................. R. finnmarchiae</p> <p>‒ Not as above.....................................................................................................................................................................................10</p> <p>10. Spores oblong to subfusiform, Q = 1.7‒2.1............................................ Clitopilus marinaensis Vila, Contu &amp; F. Caball. (2009: 9).</p> <p>‒ Spores ellipsoid or amygdaliform, Q ≤ 1.7......................................................................................................................................11</p> <p>11. Pileus 10‒15 mm broad, spores ellipsoid, pseudocystidia non-septate with strongly dextrinoid contents..................... R. oss-emeri</p> <p>‒ Pileus 20‒30 mm broad, spores amygdaliform, rare uniseptate pseudocystidia present, pseudocystidia with only weakly dextrinoid contents.............................................................................................................................................................................. R. brunnea</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FAD01DBA03A974D0A3FAF8FA5CFE8A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vizzini, Alfredo;Picillo, Bernardo;Ercole, Enrico;Vila, Jordi;Contu, Marco	Vizzini, Alfredo, Picillo, Bernardo, Ercole, Enrico, Vila, Jordi, Contu, Marco (2016): Rhodocybe formosa (Agaricales, Entolomataceae): new collections, molecular data and synonymy, and Rhodocybe griseonigrella comb. nov. Phytotaxa 255 (1): 34-46, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.255.1.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.255.1.3
