identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03FA87DBFFAFFFBDD01FF94FEE2AF9E5.text	03FA87DBFFAFFFBDD01FF94FEE2AF9E5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Apotrachelocerca orientalis Ma & Xu & Yan & Li & Warren & Song 2021	<div><p>APOTRACHELOCERCA ORIENTALIS SP. NOV.</p> <p>(Figs 3, 4; Table 3)</p> <p>Z o o b a n k r e g i s t r a t i o n: u r n: l s i d: z o o b a n k. o r g: a c t: A 8 2 B 3 8 9 9 - B E D 2 - 4 1 6 0 - 8 0 D 4 - 3718F962CE8B</p> <p>Diagnosis: Body length in vivo 200–500 Μm; single nuclear group composed of two or three macronuclei and one micronucleus; six to seven somatic kineties on right side, left side unciliated except for bristle kinety; spine-like cilia on border of glabrous stripe; width of glabrous stripe same as trunk; no cortical granules.</p> <p>Type locality: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=120.32972&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.06389" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 120.32972/lat 36.06389)">The</a> intertidal zone of a swimming beach near the Zhanqiao Pier in Qingdao (36°03′50″N, 120°19′47″E), China.</p> <p>Type specimens: A protargol slide containing the holotype specimen marked with an ink circle is deposited in the Laboratory of Protozoology, OUC (No. MMZ2018122201).</p> <p>Etymology: The species-group name orientalis – from Latin oriens, east – reflects that this organism was first discovered in east China.</p> <p>Description: Fully extended cells about 400 × 15 Μm in vivo; body flexible and dorsoventrally flattened, i.e. ribbon-like (Figs 3A, 4A, B). Body width almost constant in anterior three-quarters of cell, with no distinguishable neck region; posterior quarter progressively narrowed forming a curved tail. Cytoplasm colourless and transparent under high magnification, but appears to be yellow-greenish or brownish at lower magnifications, possibly due to food</p> <p>All data are based on protargol-stained specimens. Measurements in Μm. Abbreviations: CV, coefficient of variation in %; Max, maximum; Mean, median; Min, minimum; N, number of specimens investigated; SD, standard deviation of the mean.</p> <p>contents and/or colourless to dark brownish inclusions (mitochondria?), about 2–3 Μm in size, ellipsoid in shape and located beneath pellicle (Figs 3E, 4D, E, F, G). Pellicle thin and characteristically forming a nipple-like rugged edge in contracted cells (Fig. 4E). Cortical granules not recognized. Single nuclear group located in centre of trunk, containing two or three (usually two) macronuclei, 4–6 Μm in diameter and, invariably, one micronucleus located between macronuclei (Figs 3D, G, 4J, K, M). Somatic cilia about 10 Μm long; bristle cilia rigid, spine-like and readily observable in vivo (Fig. 4E). Locomotion by gliding between sand grains and organic debris.</p> <p>Infraciliature consisting of dikinetids on right side. Glabrous stripe occuping entire left side; right side with six to seven somatic kineties, cilia c. 10 Μm long (Figs 3F–I, 4L–O). No anterior or posterior secant system (Figs 3G, I, 4M, O). Glabrous stripe bordered by one bristle kinety composed of dikinetids; only one basal body of each dikinetid bearing a cilium (Fig. 3E). Circumoral kineties composed of two uninterrupted rows of dikinetids; upper row winding anticlockwise, lower row winding clockwise (Figs 3H, I, 4N, O).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FA87DBFFAFFFBDD01FF94FEE2AF9E5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ma, Mingzhen;Xu, Yuan;Yan, Ying;Li, Yuqing;Warren, Alan;Song, Weibo	Ma, Mingzhen, Xu, Yuan, Yan, Ying, Li, Yuqing, Warren, Alan, Song, Weibo (2021): Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of four karyorelictid species belonging to the genera Apotrachelocerca and Tracheloraphis (Protozoa: Ciliophora), with descriptions of two new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 192
03FA87DBFFA3FFB1D3A0FE13E914F9D7.text	03FA87DBFFA3FFB1D3A0FE13E914F9D7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tracheloraphis oligostriata (RAIKOV 1962) FOISSNER & DRAGESCO 1996	<div><p>SYN. TRACHELORAPHIS OLIGOSTRIATA SENSU Xu ET AL., 2011</p> <p>(Figs 9, 10)</p> <p>Z o o b a n k r e g i s t r a t i o n: u r n: l s i d: z o o b a n k. o r g: a c t: 0 9 4 2 1 C 5 2 - 4 C E D - 4 5 1 8 - B 8 C 9 - 56FFF230E0EE</p> <p>T h e d i a g n o s i s i s b a s e d o n b o t h t h e c u r r e n t population and the population described by Xu et al. (2011c).</p> <p>Diagnosis: Extended cells about 300–600 Μm long in vivo, yellow-brownish to dark-brownish in colour; invariably six somatic kineties; cortical granules tiny, dark-brownish in colour, densely arranged in fragmented rows in glabrous stripe and sparsely distributed between ciliary rows; nuclear apparatus comprising four to 42 macronuclei and three to 19 micronuclei arranged in a strand; glabrous stripe about same width as body.</p> <p>Type locality: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=120.32972&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.06389" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 120.32972/lat 36.06389)">The</a> intertidal zone of a swimming beach near the the Zhanqiao Pier in Qingdao (36°03′50″N, 120°19′47″E), China.</p> <p>Type specimens: A protargol slide containing the holotype specimen marked with an ink circle is deposited in the Laboratory of Protozoology, OUC (registration number: MMZ2019102102).</p> <p>Etymology: The epithet is composed of the Greek prefix α Π ό (apo, derived from)and the species-group name oligostriata.</p> <p>Description of the new population: Extended cells about 500 × 15 Μm in vivo; body dorsoventrally flattened about 2–3:1, flexible and contractile (Figs 9A, D, 10A–C, K–N). Glabrous stripe about same width as body (Figs 9B, C, 10I, J). All newly collected individuals grey-brownish to dark-brownish, likely caused by the presence of cortical granules. Cortical granules round, c. 0.5 Μm in diameter, dark-brownish in colour and always densely arranged (sometimes in fragmented rows) in glabrous stripe, sparsely distributed between kineties (Figs 9E, F, 10D, E, O, P). Glabrous stripe same width as body (Figs 9B, C, 10I, J). Contracted cells with many transverse and oblique folds, left side distinctly protruding and tuberculate (Figs 9D, 10N). Invariably six somatic kineties; no anterior or posterior secant system on either side of glabrous stripe (Figs 9B, C, 10I, J). One brosse kinety (Figs 9I, 10G, R). Bristle kinety at margin of glabrous stripe (Figs 9B, C, 10I, J). Nuclear apparatus comprising ten to 42 (usually eight to 22) macronuclei and three to 19 micronuclei, arranged in several small nuclear groups each usually with two or three macronuclei and one or two micronuclei, forming a strand along cell midline (Figs 9G, J, 10J).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FA87DBFFA3FFB1D3A0FE13E914F9D7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ma, Mingzhen;Xu, Yuan;Yan, Ying;Li, Yuqing;Warren, Alan;Song, Weibo	Ma, Mingzhen, Xu, Yuan, Yan, Ying, Li, Yuqing, Warren, Alan, Song, Weibo (2021): Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of four karyorelictid species belonging to the genera Apotrachelocerca and Tracheloraphis (Protozoa: Ciliophora), with descriptions of two new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 192
03FA87DBFFADFFBCD010FEB1EF36F89A.text	03FA87DBFFADFFBCD010FEB1EF36F89A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tracheloraphis prenanti Dragesco 1960	<div><p>TRACHELORAPHIS PRENANTI Dragesco, 1960</p> <p>(Figs 5–6; Table 3)</p> <p>Since Tracheloraphis prenanti was originally described by Dragesco (1960), several isolates/populations have been reported (Raikov &amp; Kovaleva, 1968; Agamaliev,</p> <p>Significant differences (P &lt;0.05) between the best maximum likelihood tree and constrained topologies are in bold.</p> <p>1983; Wright, 1983; Dragesco &amp; Dragesco-Kernéis, 1986). Due to the similarity in living morphology between T. prenanti and T. phoenicopterus (Cohn, 1866) Dragesco, 1960, it was thought that both species belonged to the T. phoenicopterus- complex (Raikov, 1962; Foissner &amp; Dragesco, 1996b). In the present study, we supply new information for T. prenanti, based on a Chinese population. Analysis of all data available indicates that T. prenanti should be considered as a distinct species.</p> <p>Improved diagnosis: Body length in vivo 400–2000 Μm; head dark in colour and clearly distinguishable from trunk; 14–26 somatic kineties on right side; glabrous stripe occupying entire left side; single nuclear group composed of four to ten macronuclei and two or three micronuclei; cortical granules tiny, colourless, densely distributed.</p> <p>Description of the new population: Fully extended cells about 800 × 20 Μm in vivo, flexible, dorsoventrally flattened, ribbon-like and distinctly tripartite with head, neck and trunk regions; head claviform and tail pointed (Figs 5A–C, 6A–C). Body often dark greyish or grey-brownish at low magnification due to multiple inclusions, e.g. the dumbbell-like inclusions (Fig. 6G). Single nuclear group located in mid-body with a few crystals in the nuclear group (Fig. 6H); composed of four to ten macronuclei, each 10–15 Μm in diameter, and two micronuclei, each 2–3 Μm in diameter and closely associated with macronuclei; nuclear group conspicuously lighter in appearance than surrounding area (Figs 5 A, 6A –C). Cortical granules colourless c. 0.5 Μm in diameter, scattered between ciliary rows on right side and in glabrous stripe. Width of the glabrous stripe about same as cell width (Figs 5E, F, 6D, E). Locomotion by gliding between sand grains and organic debris.</p> <p>Right side of cell densely ciliated, left side unciliated, dominated by glabrous stripe (Figs 5H, 6M). Somatic kineties consisting of dikinetids with cilia about 10 Μm long. 15–23 kineties on trunk. Anterior and posterior secant system on left side of glabrous stripe surrounded by bristle kinety (Figs 5H, 6M, N). Oral ciliature consisting of singlerowed circumoral kinety, open on left side and interrupted by two inserted brosse kineties (Figs 5I, J, 6J, K).</p> <p>TRACHELORAPHIS OLIGOSTRIATA (RAIKOV, 1962) FOISSNER &amp; DRAGESCO, 1996</p> <p>(FIGS 7, 8; TABLE 3)</p> <p>This species was originally reported by Raikov (1962) andredescribedindetailbyFoissner&amp;Dragesco(1996b). Our population matches both descriptions well, therefore only a brief redescription is given here.</p> <p>Improved diagnosis: Body length in vivo 200–800 Μm, with small and indistinct head; cortical granules tiny and colourless, sparsely distributed; usually six to eight somatic kineties on right side; number of macronuclei extremely variable, (mostly five to 25) forming a strand; about three to 15 micronuclei; glabrous stripe about same width as body.</p> <p>Description of the Chinese population: Fully extended cells about 500–800 Μm long in vivo; body flexible and contractile, head and neck rather transparent and indistinctly separated from trunk (Figs 7A–C, 8A–C). Cortical granules tiny, about 0.5 Μm long, sparsely distributed on glabrous stripe (Figs 7E, 8F). Endoplasm light-todark grey due to numerous refractile inclusions (Fig 8D, E). Macronuclei extremely variable in number, i.e. five to 43, but usually fewer than 25; three to 15 micronuclei; nuclei usually in groups of two or three macronuclei and one or two micronuclei, arranged in a strand (Figs 7D, F, J, 8H, L). Locomotion by gliding between sand grains and organic debris.</p> <p>Infraciliature as shown in Figures 7 and 8. Six complete somatic kineties consisting entirely of dikinetids; no anterior or posterior secant system formed at cell margin. Glabrous stripe about same width as body. Oral ciliature composed of single-rowed circumoral kinety, interrupted by one inserted brosse kinety (Figs 7H, I, 8I, J).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FA87DBFFADFFBCD010FEB1EF36F89A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ma, Mingzhen;Xu, Yuan;Yan, Ying;Li, Yuqing;Warren, Alan;Song, Weibo	Ma, Mingzhen, Xu, Yuan, Yan, Ying, Li, Yuqing, Warren, Alan, Song, Weibo (2021): Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of four karyorelictid species belonging to the genera Apotrachelocerca and Tracheloraphis (Protozoa: Ciliophora), with descriptions of two new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 192
