taxonID	type	description	language	source
03FF1D383665CE3C10A7EF7D3A85EA93.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Cancer planatus Fabricius, 1775, by original designation.	en	Gašparič, Rok, Hyžný, Matúš, Hitij, Tomaž, Šoster, Aleš (2024): Late Oligocene decapod crustaceans from the Trbovlje Formation of Slovenia, with a description of two new species of hymenosomatid crabs. Palaeontologia Electronica (a 4) 27 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.26879/1312, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.26879/1312
03FF1D383665CE3C10A7EF7D3A85EA93.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Hymenosomatidae MacLeay, 1838, comprises 24 genera and over 130 species (Poore et al., 2016) of which Halicarcinus White, 1846, was the most diverse and morphologically heterogeneous. Poore et al. (2016) have revised Halicarcinus and reassigned the species to seven genera to accommodate the diversity previously encompassed in the genus. Currently Halicarcinus includes seven species characterised by the complete hymenosomian groove, well-developed epistome, rostrum developed as median tubercle with paired pseudorostral elements, strongly curved gonopod 1, pleomeres 1 - 5 free, pleomere 6 fused to telson (pleotelson), pereopodal dactylar teeth shorter than in other genera, and propodi of male chelipeds frequently swollen and barrel-like (Naruse and Komai, 2009; Poore et al., 2016).	en	Gašparič, Rok, Hyžný, Matúš, Hitij, Tomaž, Šoster, Aleš (2024): Late Oligocene decapod crustaceans from the Trbovlje Formation of Slovenia, with a description of two new species of hymenosomatid crabs. Palaeontologia Electronica (a 4) 27 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.26879/1312, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.26879/1312
03FF1D383664CE38127CED0B397FE9BA.taxon	description	Figures 3, 4 A-D, 5 A-C zoobank. org / BC 3 F 122 F- 89 A 8 - 4 BDB-A 174 - 664 B 834 FA 1 D 1 2023 Majoidea gen. et sp. indet. – Kovalchuk et al., p. 5, figs. 2 E, F.	en	Gašparič, Rok, Hyžný, Matúš, Hitij, Tomaž, Šoster, Aleš (2024): Late Oligocene decapod crustaceans from the Trbovlje Formation of Slovenia, with a description of two new species of hymenosomatid crabs. Palaeontologia Electronica (a 4) 27 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.26879/1312, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.26879/1312
03FF1D383664CE38127CED0B397FE9BA.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species name originates from a Latinised name of the cartoon character Popeye, the sailor man. A fictional character who, despite the diminutive stature, possesses strong, bulging forearms, reminiscent of the chelipeds of the new species.	en	Gašparič, Rok, Hyžný, Matúš, Hitij, Tomaž, Šoster, Aleš (2024): Late Oligocene decapod crustaceans from the Trbovlje Formation of Slovenia, with a description of two new species of hymenosomatid crabs. Palaeontologia Electronica (a 4) 27 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.26879/1312, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.26879/1312
03FF1D383664CE38127CED0B397FE9BA.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Carapace oval, wider than long, surrounded by a wide rim. Trilobate to trapezoid rostrum; length not extending as far as eyes. Eyes on short, stout eyestalks; extending beyond rostrum. Anterolateral corners forming a rounded postocular projection; either as rounded lobe or a pair of forward pointing teeth. Lateral side of carapace rounded; almost vertical posteriorly; with a concavity at posterolateral margin. Dorsal carapace with continuous gastro-cardiac groove, forming a hexagonal cardiac region. Chelipeds massive in males, sub-equal, homomorph, with swollen barrel-like propodus; more slender in females. Both fingers long, occluding with a gape; no dentation of the occlusal margin. Pereopods very long and slender. Dactylus broad, distinctively curved, tip composed of two developed, sub-equal, teeth; ventral edge armed by a row of blunt tubercles.	en	Gašparič, Rok, Hyžný, Matúš, Hitij, Tomaž, Šoster, Aleš (2024): Late Oligocene decapod crustaceans from the Trbovlje Formation of Slovenia, with a description of two new species of hymenosomatid crabs. Palaeontologia Electronica (a 4) 27 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.26879/1312, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.26879/1312
03FF1D383664CE38127CED0B397FE9BA.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype is RGA / SMNH 6377 - 6378 (part and counterpart) (Figure 4 A), paratypes are RGA / SMNH 6373 - 6374 (part and counterpart) (Figure 4 B, 6 C), RGA / SMNH 6371 - 6372 (part and counterpart), RGA / SMNH 6369 - 6370 (part and counterpart), RGA / SMNH 6385 - 6386 (part and counterpart) (Figures 4 C, 5 A) and RGA / SMNH 2041 (Figures 4 D, 5 B). Other specimens are RGA / SMNH 2039 - 2040 (part and counterpart), RGA / SMNH 6375 - 6376 (part and counterpart), RGA / SMNH 6381 - 6382 (part and counterpart) and RGA / SMNH 6389 - 6390 (part and counterpart). Measurements are given in Figure 7, Table 1 and Table 2. Type locality. Trbovlje, Slovenia.	en	Gašparič, Rok, Hyžný, Matúš, Hitij, Tomaž, Šoster, Aleš (2024): Late Oligocene decapod crustaceans from the Trbovlje Formation of Slovenia, with a description of two new species of hymenosomatid crabs. Palaeontologia Electronica (a 4) 27 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.26879/1312, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.26879/1312
03FF1D383664CE38127CED0B397FE9BA.taxon	description	Description. Carapace oval, wider than long (CL / CW = 0.82 – 0.93) (Table 1), surrounded by a wide hymenosomian rim. Trilobate to trapezoid rostrum; wide and short; width approx. 0.1 – 0.2 times carapace width; length not extending as far as eyes (Figure 5 A). Lobes close together; sub equal in length; median lobe slightly bigger than the other two, sometimes not differentiated and forming a single trapezoidal rostrum (Figure 4 B). Eyes on short, stout eyestalks; extending beyond rostrum (Figure 5 A). Anterolateral corners rounded, forming a rounded postocular projection; either as rounded lobe or a pair of forward pointing teeth. Lateral side of carapace rounded; almost vertical posteriorly; with a concavity at posterolateral corner (Figure 4 A-D). Dorsal carapace with continuous gastro-cardiac groove, extending concavely from one side of hymenosomian rim to the other; forming a hexagonal cardiac region (Figure 4 A, D). Frontal region trapezoidal; not differentiated from gastric region posteriorly. Hepatic and prebranchial regions small; triangular. Postbranchial region square; separated from cardiac region by the thoracic groove. Cardiac region ornamented by three longitudinally oval areas of brighter colour (Figure 4 A); smaller oval coloration of dorsal carapace also in gastric region, anteriorly of gastro-cardiac groove; crescentshaped coloration of carapace at posterior border. Chelipeds massive, with swollen barrel-like propodus (Figure 4 A, C); length approx. 1.1 - 1.7 times of carapace length; slighter in females. Ischium short; merus slightly longer than wide; carpus longer than merus, swollen with rounded margins, almost as broad as long; manus greatly inflated, margins rounded and convex. Both fingers long, occluding with a gape; no dentation of the occlusal margin observable. Pereopods very long and slender (Figure 4 B, Table 2), almost same length, approx. 2.0 - 3.5 times of carapace length. Ischium very short; merus longest; carpus about one-thirds as long as merus; propodus almost as long as merus. Dactylus shorter than the propodus, broad, distinctively curved, tip composed of two developed, sub-equal, teeth; ventral edge armed by a row of blunt tubercles (Figure 5 C).	en	Gašparič, Rok, Hyžný, Matúš, Hitij, Tomaž, Šoster, Aleš (2024): Late Oligocene decapod crustaceans from the Trbovlje Formation of Slovenia, with a description of two new species of hymenosomatid crabs. Palaeontologia Electronica (a 4) 27 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.26879/1312, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.26879/1312
03FF1D383664CE38127CED0B397FE9BA.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Halicarcinus popeius sp. nov. is the first fossil representative of the genus. Thus, by the general habitus it would be most similar to Halicarcinus quoyi (H. Milne Edwards, 1853), with which it shares a wider than long carapace with broad rim, a trilobed rostrum, shape of pereopodal dactyli and strongly swollen, bulbous propodi of male chelipeds. The new fossil species differs from H. quoyi in possessing postorbital projections at anterolateral corners of carapace and in development of dorsal carapace regions, especially wide hexagonal cardiac region. Additionally, we recognize heterogeneity in development of rostra within the fossil material, which can be explained as intraspecific variations or possible sexual dimorphism. Lucas (1981) previously recognized that the shape and relative length of the rostrum within Halicarcinus are sometimes sexually dimorphic, although such variations were not reported in Halicarcinus quoyi. Range. Late Oligocene (Chattian). Occurrence. To date, known only from the type locality.	en	Gašparič, Rok, Hyžný, Matúš, Hitij, Tomaž, Šoster, Aleš (2024): Late Oligocene decapod crustaceans from the Trbovlje Formation of Slovenia, with a description of two new species of hymenosomatid crabs. Palaeontologia Electronica (a 4) 27 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.26879/1312, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.26879/1312
03FF1D383660CE381257EFD33C16E84A.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Halicarcinus bedfordi Montgomery, 1931, by original designation.	en	Gašparič, Rok, Hyžný, Matúš, Hitij, Tomaž, Šoster, Aleš (2024): Late Oligocene decapod crustaceans from the Trbovlje Formation of Slovenia, with a description of two new species of hymenosomatid crabs. Palaeontologia Electronica (a 4) 27 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.26879/1312, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.26879/1312
03FF1D383660CE381257EFD33C16E84A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Poore et al. (2016) erected a genus Lucascinus and transferred to it three species: Lucascinus bedfordi (Montgomery, 1931) (originally as Halicarcinus); Lucascinus coralicola (Rathbun, 1909) (originally as Rhynchoplax) and Lucascinus keijibabai (Takeda and Miyake, 1971) (originally as Rhynchoplax). The species within Lucascinus differ from Rhynchoplax mostly by possessing a male pleon with free somites 1 - 5, plus telson, and additionally from Halicarcinus by their elongated chelipeds and triangular plate-like rostrum (Poore et al., 2016).	en	Gašparič, Rok, Hyžný, Matúš, Hitij, Tomaž, Šoster, Aleš (2024): Late Oligocene decapod crustaceans from the Trbovlje Formation of Slovenia, with a description of two new species of hymenosomatid crabs. Palaeontologia Electronica (a 4) 27 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.26879/1312, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.26879/1312
03FF1D383660CE3510FDEE43397FE912.taxon	description	Figures 4 E-F, 5 D, 6 zoobank. org / 95 CB 277 A-BA 14 - 4912 - 999 F- 8 C 69 D 499 D 24 E	en	Gašparič, Rok, Hyžný, Matúš, Hitij, Tomaž, Šoster, Aleš (2024): Late Oligocene decapod crustaceans from the Trbovlje Formation of Slovenia, with a description of two new species of hymenosomatid crabs. Palaeontologia Electronica (a 4) 27 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.26879/1312, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.26879/1312
03FF1D383660CE3510FDEE43397FE912.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species name refers to old name for coal mining town of Trbovlje (Trifail). Trbovlje is Slovenia’s tenth-largest town and closest to the type locality of new species.	en	Gašparič, Rok, Hyžný, Matúš, Hitij, Tomaž, Šoster, Aleš (2024): Late Oligocene decapod crustaceans from the Trbovlje Formation of Slovenia, with a description of two new species of hymenosomatid crabs. Palaeontologia Electronica (a 4) 27 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.26879/1312, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.26879/1312
03FF1D383660CE3510FDEE43397FE912.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Carapace trapezoid, longer than wide, fully surrounded by a rim. Rostrum formed as a long triangular plate. Postocular anterior margin sinuous; defined by a postocular tubercle and a more pronounced tooth at anterolateral corner of the carapace. Lateral side of carapace almost straight; diverging posteriorly; with a single projection near base of cheliped. Posterior border of carapace sinuously rounded. Dorsal carapace with visible gastro-cardiac groove and posteriorly developed thoracic grooves. Frontal region trapezoidal; not differentiated from gastric posteriorly. Cardiac region simple and posteriorly not bordered. Male pleon triangular; pleonal somites 1 - 5 free; somite 1 widest. Chelipeds long; propodus elongated and slightly swollen. Fingers short. Pereopods very long and slender; almost same length. Dactylus short, curved, teeth not observed.	en	Gašparič, Rok, Hyžný, Matúš, Hitij, Tomaž, Šoster, Aleš (2024): Late Oligocene decapod crustaceans from the Trbovlje Formation of Slovenia, with a description of two new species of hymenosomatid crabs. Palaeontologia Electronica (a 4) 27 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.26879/1312, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.26879/1312
03FF1D383660CE3510FDEE43397FE912.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype is RGA / SMNH 6384 - 6383 (part and counterpart) (Figure 4 E); paratypes are RGA / SMNH 6391 (Figure 4 F), RGA / SMNH 6387 - 6388 (part and counterpart) (Figure 5 D), RGA / SMNH 6379 - 6380 (part and counterpart) and RGA / SMNH 6392. Measurements are given in Figure 7, Table 1 and Table 2. Type locality. Trbovlje, Slovenia.	en	Gašparič, Rok, Hyžný, Matúš, Hitij, Tomaž, Šoster, Aleš (2024): Late Oligocene decapod crustaceans from the Trbovlje Formation of Slovenia, with a description of two new species of hymenosomatid crabs. Palaeontologia Electronica (a 4) 27 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.26879/1312, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.26879/1312
03FF1D383660CE3510FDEE43397FE912.taxon	description	Description. Carapace trapezoidal, longer than wide (CL / CW = 1.13 – 1.30) (Table 1), fully surrounded by a hymenosomian rim (Figure 4 E - F). Rostrum formed as a long triangular plate; twice as long as wide; width approx. 0.1 – 0.15 times carapace width (Figure 5 D). Postocular anterior margin sinuous; defined by a postocular tubercle and a more pronounced tooth at anterolateral corner of the carapace. Lateral side of carapace slightly convex; almost straight; diverging posteriorly; with a single projection near base of cheliped. Posterior border of carapace sinuously rounded (Figure 4 F). Dorsal carapace with visible gastro-cardiac groove and posteriorly developed thoracic grooves. Frontal region trapezoid; not differentiated from gastric posteriorly. Cardiac region simple and posteriorly not bordered (Figure 4 E). Male pleon triangular; pleonal somites free; somite 1 widest, with rounded convex lateral sides; rest of the somites with straight and anteriorly converging lateral margins; pleotelson much longer than wide, triangular, with rounded apex (Figure 5 D). Chelipeds long; length approx. 0.85 - 1.0 times of carapace length. Ischium short; merus and carpus longer than wide; propodus elongated and lightly swollen. Fingers shorter than manus. Pereopods very long and slender (Figure 4 F, Table 2); length approx. 1.9 - 2.3 times of carapace length, P 3 and P 4 longest. Ischium short; merus almost as long as propodus, carpus less than one third of merus; propodus longest, but narrower than the merus. Dactylus short, curved, teeth not observed.	en	Gašparič, Rok, Hyžný, Matúš, Hitij, Tomaž, Šoster, Aleš (2024): Late Oligocene decapod crustaceans from the Trbovlje Formation of Slovenia, with a description of two new species of hymenosomatid crabs. Palaeontologia Electronica (a 4) 27 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.26879/1312, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.26879/1312
03FF1D383660CE3510FDEE43397FE912.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Lucascinus trifailensis sp. nov. is the first fossil representative of the genus and among extant species most closely resembles Lucascinus bedfordi (Montgomery, 1931). The shared similarities between the fossil and extant species are in ornamentation of dorsal carapace and the shape of a triangular rostrum. However, Lucascinus trifailensis sp. nov. has a narrower carapace, with distinct sinuous shape of the anterior margin, defined by a small postocular tubercle, and a more pronounced tooth at the anterolateral corner of the carapace. Additional spinose projection is located at lateral margin, near the base of cheliped, which is typical for Lucascinus (Poore et al., 2016), but much less pronounced in Lucascinus trifailensis sp. nov. Such combination of characters has not been observed in any of the extant species. However, we prefer to use the most parsimonious way and include the fossil species in the closest extant genus. Range. Late Oligocene (Chattian). Occurrence. To date, known only from the type locality.	en	Gašparič, Rok, Hyžný, Matúš, Hitij, Tomaž, Šoster, Aleš (2024): Late Oligocene decapod crustaceans from the Trbovlje Formation of Slovenia, with a description of two new species of hymenosomatid crabs. Palaeontologia Electronica (a 4) 27 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.26879/1312, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.26879/1312
03FF1D38366DCE3513F6EFCB3AF5EA59.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Necronectes vidalianus A. Milne-Edwards, 1881, by original designation.	en	Gašparič, Rok, Hyžný, Matúš, Hitij, Tomaž, Šoster, Aleš (2024): Late Oligocene decapod crustaceans from the Trbovlje Formation of Slovenia, with a description of two new species of hymenosomatid crabs. Palaeontologia Electronica (a 4) 27 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.26879/1312, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.26879/1312
03FF1D38366DCE3513FBEC3D3D41EB6A.taxon	description	Figure 8 A-D	en	Gašparič, Rok, Hyžný, Matúš, Hitij, Tomaž, Šoster, Aleš (2024): Late Oligocene decapod crustaceans from the Trbovlje Formation of Slovenia, with a description of two new species of hymenosomatid crabs. Palaeontologia Electronica (a 4) 27 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.26879/1312, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.26879/1312
03FF1D38366DCE3513FBEC3D3D41EB6A.taxon	materials_examined	Material. A single “ crusher ” chela (RGA / SMNH 5009 - 5010) preserved as an imprint. Measurements: length of propodus = 53.6 mm; maximum height of manus = 31.9 mm; length of dactylus = 31.0 mm.	en	Gašparič, Rok, Hyžný, Matúš, Hitij, Tomaž, Šoster, Aleš (2024): Late Oligocene decapod crustaceans from the Trbovlje Formation of Slovenia, with a description of two new species of hymenosomatid crabs. Palaeontologia Electronica (a 4) 27 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.26879/1312, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.26879/1312
03FF1D38366DCE3513FBEC3D3D41EB6A.taxon	description	Description. Chela robust. Manus trapezoidal to suboval in outline; upper and lower margin arched and converging proximally; surface appears smooth, without indication of spines on distal margin at dactylus articulation. Fingers long and stout; as long as manus. Fixed finger robust; occlusal margin with four large molariform teeth, followed by several smaller conical teeth distally; first and second proximal teeth joined; fingertip curved upwards. Dactylus stout, curved forward; with rounded upper margin; strong proximal knob-like flattened molariform tooth followed by six rounded conical teeth of different sizes; strongly curved fingertip.	en	Gašparič, Rok, Hyžný, Matúš, Hitij, Tomaž, Šoster, Aleš (2024): Late Oligocene decapod crustaceans from the Trbovlje Formation of Slovenia, with a description of two new species of hymenosomatid crabs. Palaeontologia Electronica (a 4) 27 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.26879/1312, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.26879/1312
03FF1D38366DCE3513FBEC3D3D41EB6A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The original cuticle has been dissolved and the massive fingers are preserved as hollow imprints. Therefore, some details cannot be observed in the studied specimen. However, after preparing the latex cast, the preserved features of the chela are sufficient to assign the material to Necronectes A. Milne-Edwards, 1881. Observed important taxonomic characters include lack of distal spines on manus at position of dactylus articulation and rounded upper margin of manus, which are the key characters for an assignment to Necronectes, and differentiate it from closely related Scylla De Haan, 1833 (Ossó and Gagnaison, 2019). The herein presented specimen strongly resembles Necronectes michelini Milne-Edwards, 1860, from the Miocene of France (Figure 8 E-F), somewhat differing in well-developed proximal molariform teeth on fixed finger and dactylus. Given similarities in preserved specimen, the stratigraphic span and geographic distribution of N. michelini, it is also possible that the occurrence reported here, from the upper Oligocene of Slovenia, belongs to this species. Nevertheless, we refrain to assign it to N. michelini because of insufficient preservation of diagnostic features on the manus and absence preserved carapace remains. Due to the fragmentary preservation we leave the specimen in open nomenclature. Range. Late Oligocene (Chattian). Occurrence. Necronectes is a well-known genus known from a number of Oligocene and Miocene occurrences (Schweitzer et al., 2006; Luque et al., 2017; Hyžný and Dulai, 2021). Necronectes michelini A. Milne-Edwards, 1860, has so far been reported from the middle Miocene of France (Ossó and Gagnaison, 2019) and the middle Miocene of Hungary (Lőrenthey and Beurlen, 1929).	en	Gašparič, Rok, Hyžný, Matúš, Hitij, Tomaž, Šoster, Aleš (2024): Late Oligocene decapod crustaceans from the Trbovlje Formation of Slovenia, with a description of two new species of hymenosomatid crabs. Palaeontologia Electronica (a 4) 27 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.26879/1312, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.26879/1312
