taxonID	type	description	language	source
03F14318FF9EB0425B25FEC9FF2136D3.taxon	discussion	RECORDED ON THE FALKLAND ISLANDS AS. — Bryum argenteum var. subamblyolepis Cardot & Broth. NOTES A common species throughout the world and found in all regions of the southern hemisphere. The Falkland Islands endemic variety, Bryum argenteum var. subamblyolepis, is likely to be a form of B. argenteum var. muticum Brid. based on the description. Most material of this species in the islands is the var. muticum. A cosmopolitan / southern pantemperate species.	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9EB0425AEDFCE8FD343052.taxon	discussion	NOTES Reported by Matteri (1986), this species is related to Bryum caespiticium Hedw. and is generally not recognized by most northern hemisphere workers (but seeSpence 2014). It is characterized by a very long costa, often as long as the lamina and commonly denticulate. It has been reported in earlier studies from the region by Greene (1986). A disjunct bipolar / South American species restricted to southern South American.	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9EB0425AEDFB6AFDC532B0.taxon	materials_examined	SPECIMEN EXAMINED. — Falkland Islands. East Falkland, North Arm Farm, 52 ° 7 ’ 26.4 ” S, 59 ° 21 ’ 50.4 ” W, rock cliffs opposite settlement, 2 m a. s. l., 12. I. 2015, 15 / 806 (MNH).	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9EB0425AEDFB6AFDC532B0.taxon	discussion	NOTES New to the southern hemisphere. The collection closely matches northern hemisphere material (Spence 2014). This species along with Bryum dichotomum Hedw. tend to be more widespread than other species in the complex, most of which prefer Mediterranean-type climates. The bulbils are smaller than those in B. dichotomum, and generally there are 2 - 5 per leaf axil. The species has also recently been found in Magallanes Province of Chile in Tierra del Fuego (pers. comm.). Possibly introduced. A strict bipolar / South American species restricted to southern South America.	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9EB0425B2CF90CFE9533F7.taxon	discussion	NOTES This species is relatively widespread in both hemispheres, and in the south is known from South America, New Zealand, and Tasmania. It has not been reported from the subantarctic islands. A transitional bipolar / southern amphipacific temperate species.	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9EB04259C7FF26FBC33602.taxon	discussion	NOTES One of the most widespread species in the southern hemisphere, found throughout the region except for South Georgia. Since it is found in Antarctica (Ochyra et al. 2008 b) it is likely also on South Georgia. In the northern hemisphere the species is most common in temperate and Mediterranean climate regions. A strict bipolar / southern pantemperate species.	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9EB04259F4FD94FC2837E4.taxon	materials_examined	SPECIMEN EXAMINED. — Falkland Islands. East Falkland, Stanley area, Moody Brook, 51 ° 41 ’ 6 ” S, 57 ° 55 ’ 19.2 ” W, at and above weir, on soil over concrete, stream bed and banks, 10 m a. s. l., 22. I. 2011, 11 - 495 (MNH).	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9EB04259F4FD94FC2837E4.taxon	discussion	NOTES A common species on beaches in the eastern drier regions of Tierra del Fuego and recently found in New Zealand (Fife 2015). This is a Eurasian species related to Bryum caespiticium Hedw. A strict bipolar / southern amphipacific temperate species.	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9EB04259E6FBBAFB7A318E.taxon	discussion	RECORDED ON THE FALKLAND ISLANDS AS. — Bryum litoris Cardot. NOTES This species has gone under the name of Bryum litoris and was considered a Falkland Islands endemic, but Ochi (1982) reports that it is identical to B. gilliesii. See also additional comments under B. platyphyllum. A southern hemisphere / South American temperate species.	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9EB04259DFFA20FBFB33F7.taxon	materials_examined	SPECIMENS EXAMINED. — Falkland Islands. East Falkland, Port Harriet, Bertha’s Beach, east of carpark, 51 ° 53 ’ 31.2 ” S, 58 ° 42 ’ 28 ” W, on ground in dry pool on ship timber, 4 m a. s. l., 25. I. 2011, 11 / 563 (MNH); 11 / 568 (MNH); West Falkland, upper branch of Chartres River, Patricia Luxton Nature Reserve, 51 ° 43 ’ 33.6 ” S, 59 ° 59 ’ 6 ” W, on rock, 13 m a. s. l., 30. I. 2015, 15 / 348 (MNH).	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9EB04259DFFA20FBFB33F7.taxon	discussion	NOTES Previously known from Tierra del Fuego (Ochi 1982), this is a small species similar to Bryum argenteum but with bright green leaves. It is very similar to the Australasian B. harriottii R. Br. bis (Spence & Ramsay 2019) and future studies may show them to be the same species. Sporophytes have not yet been documented. A southern hemisphere / South American cold-temperate species.	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9FB0435B5AFF26FD8335CC.taxon	discussion	NOTES A Falkland Islands endemic. This species is closely related to Bryum dichotomum, but differs in the somewhat broader ovate leaves, elongate rectangular cells in the alar region, and unusual large bulbils that are morphologically distinct from those in B. dichotomum, as noted in the key.	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9FB0435B3DFDE8FF0F36F3.taxon	discussion	NOTES A common widespread South American species characterized by its synoicous sexuality and small orange pyriform tubers. A southern hemisphere / South American montane-temperate species.	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9FB0435B09FCCBFD2531B1.taxon	discussion	RECORDED ON THE FALKLAND ISLANDS AS. — Bryum uvidum Cardot & Broth.?	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9FB0435B09FCCBFD2531B1.taxon	materials_examined	SPECIMEN EXAMINED. — Falkland Islands. West Falkland, Crooked Inlet, Herbert Stream, Bailey Bridge, 51 ° 31 ’ 15.6 ” S, 60 ° 19 ’ 40.8 ” W, on rock in stream, 11 m a. s. l., 17. I. 2011, 11 / 294 (MNH).	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9FB0435B09FCCBFD2531B1.taxon	discussion	NOTES This species is related to others transferred to the genus Plagiobryoides J. R. Spence. Although reported as new to the Falkland Islands it may have been previously reported as the endemic Bryum uvidum. However, the poor quality of the material comprising the type could not be confidentially assigned to this species, as Ochi (1982) indicates that it may be either B. platypyllum or Imbribryum clavatum. Molecular and morphological studies are in progress on the status of Plagiobryoides and other related species including B. gilliesii from southern South America (Toren, Spence, Shevock, Larraín pers. comm.). A southern hemisphere / South American temperate species.	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9FB0435AE8FA0DFD213310.taxon	discussion	NOTES A poorly known Falkland Islands endemic characterized by Bryum - type laminal areolation, lanceolate leaves and a weak costa. The epithet suggests a similarity to juvenile innovations that arise early from rhizoids, which in many species show differences from leaves developed later. The species is most similar to Bryum pabstianum but is tentatively accepted pending further work.	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9FB0435AE5F8ACFA73352E.taxon	discussion	NOTES A distinctive Falklands Islands endemic characterized by broadly ovate to suborbicular concave leaves, a weak costa, and dis-tinct unistratose limbidium. The presence of Rhodobryum - like laminal areolation and inflated red-pink subalar cells on some leaves suggests an affinity with Ptychostomum subg. Cladodium.	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9FB04359EEFE49FB5E37D3.taxon	discussion	RECORDED ON THE FALKLAND ISLANDS AS. — Bryum uvidum Cardot & Broth.?	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9FB04359EEFE49FB5E37D3.taxon	materials_examined	SPECIMEN EXAMINED. — Falkland Islands. West Falkland, upper branch of Chartres River, Patricia Luxton Nature Reserve, 51 ° 43 ’ 33.6 ” S, 59 ° 59 ’ 6 ” W, on rock, 13 m a. s. l., 24. XI. 2015, 15 / 634 (MNH).	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9FB04359EEFE49FB5E37D3.taxon	discussion	NOTES This species is known from New Zealand, Tasmania, Macquarie Island, and southern South America. Often associated with calcareous springs and seeps (Spence & Ramsay 2019). See comments under Bryum platypyllum about the confusion regarding B. uvidum. A southern hemisphere / southern amphipacific temperate species.	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9FB04359F5FBEAFC1A3211.taxon	discussion	RECORDED ON THE FALKLAND ISLANDS AS. — Bryum laevigatum Hook. f. & Wilson. NOTES One of the most common southern hemisphere species, found throughout the region except for South Africa and some subantarctic islands. To date it has not been reported from Îles Crozet, Heard Island and South Georgia. Primarily an alpine to subantarctic cold-climate species, it also extends north in the Andes to Columbia. In the Falklands and southern South America, it reaches sea level so is categorized as primarily a temperate species. A southern hemisphere / southern pantemperate species.	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9FB04059C9F9ACFD5D350D.taxon	discussion	RECORDED ON THE FALKLAND ISLANDS AS. — Bryum subapiculatum Hampe. NOTES A common northern hemisphere species that also occurs in Tasmania, New Zealand, and South Africa. The species is absent from the subantarctic islands. Imbribryum subapiculatum includes significant morphological variation in the southern hemisphere. The New Zealand species Bryum duriusculum Hook. f. & Wilson may be the same as I. subapiculatum, and has priority, but more work is needed (cf. Fife 2015). A transitional bipolar / southern pantemperate species.	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9CB0405B38FE68FD1037D3.taxon	discussion	RECORDED ON THE FALKLAND ISLANDS AS. — Bryum orbiculatifolium Cardot & Broth. NOTES This species was previously recorded by Larraín et al. (2016), and has an unusual distribution, found in southern South America, South Georgia, Heard Island, Antarctica, and Tristan da Cunha. A south temperate / South America species, occasionally penetrating to subantarctic South Georgia (Ochyra et al. 2002) and the maritime Antarctic where it occurs on volcanic islands in the South Sandwich Islands and on Deception Island in the South Shetland Islands archipelagoes and only once recorded in the continental Antarctic in the Schirmacher Oasis (Ochyra & Singh 2008; Ochyra et al. 2008 a, b). A southern hemisphere / southern amphiatlantic temperate species.	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9CB0405AE1FBAAFD4B31B1.taxon	discussion	RECORDED ON THE FALKLAND ISLANDS AS. — Bryum algovicum Sendtn. ex Müll. Hal. NOTES Holyoak (2021) has recently confirmed the correct name of this species as Ptychostomum compactum. It is a rare species in the southern hemisphere known from a few records from New Zealand, Îles Kerguelen and South America. A transitional bipolar / southern amphipacific temperate species.	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9CB0405B22FA0DFE5733F7.taxon	materials_examined	SPECIMENS EXAMINED. — Falkland Islands. West Falkland, Crooked Inlet, Roy Cove, 51 ° 32 ’ 56.4 ” S, 60 ° 23 ’ 6 ” W, in pasture with gorse, 15 m a. s. l., 17. I. 2011, 11 / 281 (MNH); East Falkland, Mt. Kent, east of gate at summit, 51 ° 40 ’ 26.4 ” S, 58 ° 6 ’ 25.2 ” W, on ground in flush, 432 m a. s. l., 20. I. 2015, 15 / 54 (MNH).	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9CB0405B22FA0DFE5733F7.taxon	discussion	NOTES Common in Tierra del Fuego and on Îles Kerguelen but also extending north to south-central Chile (Müller 2009). It is an autoicous species related to Ptychostomum pseudotriquetrum (Hedw.) J. R. Spence & H. P. Ramsay ex Holyoak & N. Pedersen, but with a reduced peristome and larger spores. A southern hemisphere / South American temperate-subantarctic (Îles Kerguelen only) species.	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9CB04059B7FF29FA71364C.taxon	discussion	RECORDED ON THE FALKLAND ISLANDS AS. — Bryum amblyodon Müll. Hal. NOTES A common species found primarily in alpine tundra climates in the northern and southern hemispheres, but also reaching sea level in Tierra del Fuego and the Falkland Islands. The species is found in New Zealand, South America and some subantarctic islands and extends to Antarctica. A transitional bipolar / southern amphipacific temperate species largely restricted to cold climates.	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9CB04059F6FD6BFB583072.taxon	discussion	RECORDED ON THE FALKLAND ISLANDS AS. — Bryum pallescens Schleich. ex Schwägr. NOTES A widespread northern hemisphere species that is disjunct to many areas in the southern hemisphere, including Tasmania, New Zealand, and South America. The species has not been reported from South Africa. Ptychostomum pallescens extends to Antarctica but is inexplicably absent from the subantarctic islands. It is likely to be found as more field work is conducted on these remote islands. A transitional bipolar / southern amphipacific temperate species.	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9CB04059A5FB4DFA723230.taxon	discussion	RECORDED ON THE FALKLAND ISLANDS AS. — Bryum pseudotriquetrum (Hedw.) P. Gaertn., B. Meyer & Scherb. NOTES One of the most common bipolar species, Ptychostomum pseudotriquetrum is common throughout temperate regions of the southern hemisphere and extends to most subantarctic islands and Antarctica. A transitional bipolar / southern pantemperate species.	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9CB0415950F94CFE9B3733.taxon	materials_examined	SPECIMENS EXAMINED. — Falkland Islands. East Falkland, San Carlo Water, stream at head of inlet, 51 ° 36 ’ 18 ” S, 59 ° 0 ’ 50.4 ” W, wet earth in streambed, 5 m a. s. l., 14. I. 2011, 11 / 233 (MNH); West Falkland, Fox Bay, head of South Arm, 51 ° 57 ’ 54 ” S, 60 ° 6 ’ 43.2 ” W, wet rocks, stream edge, 3 m a. s. l., 27. I. 2015, 15 / 259 (MNH).	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9CB0415950F94CFE9B3733.taxon	discussion	NOTES A robust species with stolons, distinct from other southern South American species in its elongate evenly foliate stems. The material keys out to the northern Andean species Bryum (Rhodobryum) roseodens (Ochi 1980), but further work is needed as this represents a gap of several thousand km. Much of the Andean Mountain region has not been extensively collected so the distribution of this species may change with more field work. The only other species of Rhodobryum (Schimp.) Limpr. from Chile and Argentina include three species that are distinctly rosulate: Bryum rubromarginatum Ochi (synonym: Rhodobryum chilense Thér.) from central Chile (Ochi 1982), R. beyrichianum (Hornsch.) Müll. Hal. and R. subverticillatum Broth. from northern Argentina (Koponen & Fuertes 2010). Koponen & Fuertes (2010) indicate that the species known as R. platense (Müll. Hal.) Paris from Argentina is likely a Bryum, excluding it from their treatment of the genus. The description indicates it is also strongly rosulate. The Falkland Islands species has also been found in similar habitats in the Magallanes Province of Chile in Tierra del Fuego (Spence, unpublished data). A southern hemisphere / South American temperate species.	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9DB0415ADCFC46FE06312A.taxon	discussion	RECORDED ON THE FALKLAND ISLANDS AS. — Bryum billardierei Schwägr. NOTES One of the most common species in temperate regions of the southern hemisphere, found in New Zealand, Tasmania, South America and extending to Macquarie Island in the Subantarctic, but uncommon on the Falkland Islands and absent from South Africa. A south temperate / southern amphipacific temperate species.	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9DB0415AC2FA83FF233300.taxon	discussion	RECORDED ON THE FALKLAND ISLANDS AS. — Bryum capillare Hedw. NOTES Although widespread in many parts of the world outside the tropics, Rosulabryum capillare is relatively uncommon on the Falkland Islands. It is more common in temperate regions of southern South America. The species is found in South America, Tasmania, New Zealand including the Auckland Islands, and South Africa, but is absent from the subantarctic islands. A cosmopolitan / southern pantemperate species.	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9DB0415AC4F89DFA6E362C.taxon	materials_examined	SPECIMEN EXAMINED. — Falkland Islands. East Falkland, road to North Arm, Bodie Creek culvert, 51 ° 50 ’ 9.6 ” S, 59 ° 7 ’ 8.4 ” W, cliff at shore, 5 m a. s. l., 12. I. 2015, 15 / 779 (MNH).	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9DB0415AC4F89DFA6E362C.taxon	discussion	NOTES A small species in the Rosulabryum capillare (Hedw.) J. R. Spence complex characterized by evenly foliate stems, a weak costa, and numerous filiform leaf axil gemmae, found in temperate climates of North America and the Caribbean (Spence 2014). Possibly introduced, but old reports from South America exist (summarized in Greene 1986). See Spence (2014) for confusion on the correct name for this species. The type does not match the species known as R. andicola (Hook.) Ochyra (cf. Haji Mohamed 1979), and more work is needed to resolve the issue. A disjunct bipolar / South American temperate species.	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9DB04159CBFD8BFA7637D3.taxon	discussion	RECORDED ON THE FALKLAND ISLANDS AS. — Bryum macrophyllum Cardot & Broth. NOTES One of the most common species on the Falkland Islands. Although originally considered as endemic, it has been found in temperate regions of Chile (Müller 2009; Spence 2021). A southern hemisphere / South American temperate species.	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
03F14318FF9DB0415963FBEAFA6D3290.taxon	discussion	RECORDED ON THE FALKLAND ISLANDS AS. — Bryum perlimbatum Cardot. NOTES A widespread species occurring in southern South America and in New Zealand, extending to Stewart Island and the Auckland Islands south of the South Island of this insular country. This is the common large rosulate species in the southern Patagonian regions of Argentina and Chile, but it is less common on the Falkland Islands. The type, however, is from the Falkland Islands. The species was reported from South Africa (Haji Mohamed 1979; Rooy & Magill 1987), but it was based upon the wrong interpretation of the locality name “ Port-Natal ” which actually refers to the city of “ Puerto Natales ” in Magallanes Province of Chile (Ochyra 1989). Accordingly, Rosulabryum perlimbatum has to be considered as a southern hemisphere / southern amphipacific temperate species occurring in New Zealand and southern South America.	en	Spence, John R. (2022): Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). IV. New records from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), with a phytogeographic analysis of the family. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (15): 211-224, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a15
