identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03F087BBFFB5FF8D29996458FABAF9A8.text	03F087BBFFB5FF8D29996458FABAF9A8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Xenopygus Bernhauer	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Genus  Xenopygus Bernhauer</p>
            <p> Xenopygus Bernhauer, 1906: 196 (description, included species:  X. analis (Erichson, 1840) and  X. bicolor (Laporte, 1835)) ; Bernhauer &amp; Schubert, 1914: 405 (world catalog, three species,  X. cordovensis Bernhauer, 1910 added); Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1416 (world catalog, four species,  X. peruvianus added (Solsky, 1872)); Blackwelder, 1943: 451 (as subgenus of  Philothalpus Kraatz, 1857 ); Blackwelder, 1944: 140 (Neotropical Checklist, as subgenus of  Philothalpus , three included species); Blackwelder, 1952: 407 (as subgenus of  Philothalpus ); Irmler, 1979: 31 (as a valid genus, three species, key to the species); Irmler, 1982: 206 (four species,  X. peruvianus as species incerta, key to the species,  X. confusus added); Herman, 2001b: 3610 (world catalog, as a valid genus, five species). Type species:  Philonthus analis Erichson, 1840 , subsequent designation by Blackwelder, 1943: 451. </p>
            <p> Diagnosis. The genus  Xenopygus can be distinguished from the more correlated genera of  Xanthopygina as  Dysanellus and  Xanthopygus , by the combination of the following characters: a) antennomere V as wide as long to slightly wider (Fig. 14); b) antennomere VII two times wider than long; c) internal margin of labial palp I slightly emarginate at middle (Fig. 18); and d) superior line of pronotal hypomere developed, continuous on the anterior angles of pronotum (Fig. 21, a). </p>
            <p>Redescription. BL: 9.0–18.0 mm, BW: 3.1–3.4 mm. Dorsal surface of head and pronotum with metallic blue, green or dark brown color (Figs. 2 –13); ventral surface of head to metaventrite, appendices and abdominal segments III–VI yellow to black; abdominal segments VII–X or VIII–X evidently lighter than the previous ones. Dorsum of head and pronotum with conspicuous microsculpture, elytra glabrous and abdomen with transverse microsculpture. Dorsum of head with dispersed setal punctuations, except for the head disc. Pronotum with setal punctuations forming a pair of longitudinal parallel lines in the median region and distributed in the lateral thirds (Fig. 5–7) or entirely distributed, not at the median longitudinal line (Figs. 11–13); anterolateral and posterolateral setae conspicuous (Fig. 21, b, d). Elytra with setal punctuations evenly distributed, distance between punctuations equal to the diameter of each punctuation, elytral setae longer than the pronotal setae, posteriorly directed. Abdomen with setal punctuations widely distributed, dense or dispersed.</p>
            <p>Head about as wide as long to two times wider than long. Eye larger than the lateral half of the head, and two to three times longer than the temples. Antennae reach apex of pronotum; antennomeres VI–X transverse and gradually increasing in width to the apex; antennomere VII two times wider than long; antennomere XI slightly longer than the width of its base. Labrum bilobate. Mandibles as long or longer than head, falciform and asymmetric in the internal margin; left mandible with two subcontiguous teeth and right mandible with only one tooth (Figs. 15–16); prostheca developed; external margin of mandible with miniature setae in longitudinal sulcus. Maxilla with galea and lacinia densely setose; maxillar palpomere I is the shortest; II slightly longer than the III; IV about 1.5 times longer than the previous one (Fig. 17). Mentum rectangular, three times wider than long. Labium with palpomeres I and II subequal in size; palpomere I with internal margin slightly emarginate at middle (Fig. 18); palpomere II with internal margin protruding in the apical third; palpomere III slightly longer than the previous one and truncate in the apex (Fig. 18). Postmandibular ridge complete, starting from the ocular seta (Fig. 20, b, c); or infraorbital ridge not complete, reaching half the length of gena; postgenal and ventral basal ridge conspicuous (Figs. 19, 20). Width of neck greater than half the width of head. Pronotum longer than wide, its apical third widest; basal margin widely curved and apical margin truncate; anterolateral angles obtusely rounded, curved ventrally; surface of pronotum slightly flat; hypomere expanded; superior and inferior marginal lines separated in all their length (Fig. 21); superior line continuous with anterior margin; postcoxal process translucent (Fig. 21). Scutellum well developed, triangular, almost a third of elytra’s length. Elytra longer than wide, longer and slightly wider than pronotum; apical margin emarginated at middle. Posterior wings totally developed. Mesoventrite process with apex slightly rounded to truncate; mesocoxa non-contiguous (Fig. 22); mesocoxal cavities tightly emarginate posteriorly. Legs with straight tibia and spines in the external margin; tarsal formula 5-5-5; protarsomeres I–IV widened. Tergites III–IV or III–V with arched carina; segments III–VII with two pairs of paratergites, in which III–VI with paratergites equal in length and tergite VII with basal paratergite with half length of the apical (Fig. 26); sternite VII with apical margin slightly emarginate at middle and in some species with evident porous structure at middle on male (Figs. 23 a, 30–32).</p>
            <p>Male's terminalia. Tergite VIII with posterior margin subtruncate, without paratergites; sternite VIII of male with apical margin slightly to tightly emarginate at middle (Figs. 23 b, 33–38); tergite IX with a pair of wide plates totally separated by tergite X, each densely pubescent in the apical two thirds (Fig. 27); sternite IX of male in the apical two thirds sparsely pubescent, posterior margin deeply medially emarginate (Fig. 28); tergite X subtrapezoidal, sparsely pubescent in the apical half, apex weakly sclerotized and posterior margin emarginate (Fig. 27). Aedeagus slightly curved ventrally in lateral view; apex of median lobe with small teeth in hook shape in ventral surface (Figs. 42–44, 51–53). Parameres fused in a single plate, reaching or exceeding the median lobe apex; apical two thirds with peg setae in dorsal surface (Figs. 24–25, 45–47, 54–56).</p>
            <p>Female's terminalia. Similar to male, except sternite VIII with apical margin subtruncate; sternite IX with ovipositor constituted by a pair of hemisternites, each hemisternite apically with conspicuous coxites and styles (Fig. 29). Spermatheca not found.</p>
            <p> Geographical record.  Xenopygus is a typically Neotropical genus, based on the endemism areas proposal by Morrone (2014). It has wide distribution and has been recorded in Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana, French Guiana, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina and Hawaii Pacific Islands (probably a synanthropic introduction) (Figs. 57–59). </p>
            <p> Biological notes. Species of this genus were found preying on fruitflies (  Diptera :  Tephritidae ) (Baker et al. 1944). There are occurrence records of the species associated with tree bark, fungi, decomposing fruits and carcasses. Furthermore, adults have been collected with flight interception traps or with pitfall baited traps. </p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F087BBFFB5FF8D29996458FABAF9A8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Caron, Edilson;De Castro, Jessica C.;Da Silva, Maycon R.;Ribeiro-Costa, Cibele S.	Caron, Edilson, De Castro, Jessica C., Da Silva, Maycon R., Ribeiro-Costa, Cibele S. (2016): Phylogeny and revision of a colorful Neotropical genus of rove beetles: Xenopygus Bernhauer (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 4138 (1): 59-82, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4138.1.2
03F087BBFFB7FF8C2999674DFA67FED4.text	03F087BBFFB7FF8C2999674DFA67FED4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Xenopygus	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Key to the species of  Xenopygus</p>
            <p>1. Antenna with microsetae on antennomeres IV to XI; antennomere IV longer than wide, pronotum with setal punctuations evenly distributed, not on the median longitudinal line (Fig. 11–13); sternite VII of male without porous structure......... 2</p>
            <p>- Antenna with microsetae on antennomeres V to XI (Fig. 14); antennomere IV as long as wide (Fig. 14), pronotum with setal punctuations forming a pair of longitudinal parallel lines in the median region and distributed in the lateral thirds (Fig. 5–7); sternite VII of male with porous structure (Figs. 30–32)...................................................... 4</p>
            <p> 2. Tergite V with arched carina..................................................................  X. cordovensis</p>
            <p>- Tergite V without arched carina.......................................................................... 3</p>
            <p> 3. Median lobe with only one large tooth in the apex (Fig. 49); paramere with rounded apex and peg setae along its margin (Fig. 55).............................................................................  X. sancticamillus ,  sp. nov.</p>
            <p> - Median lobe with more than two somewhat small teeth near the apex (Fig. 50); paramere with thin apex and peg setae forming two parallel columns (Fig. 56)..........................................................  X. petilicolis ,  sp. nov.</p>
            <p>4. Head and pronotum of the same color as elytra, metallic blue to green, sometimes with elytra slightly darker, and abdominal</p>
            <p> segment VII entirely yellowish or at least ligther than the precedents (Fig. 2); scape evidently shorter than antennomeres II and III combined...................................................................................  X. analis - Head and pronotum of different color that elytra and abdominal segment VII not entirely ligther than the preceeding segments (Figs. 3, 4); scape slightly longer than antennomeres II and III combined.......................................... 5 </p>
            <p> 5. Apical half of abdominal segment VI and basal half of segment VII evidently darker than remainder of abdomen (Fig. 3); sternite VIII of male with apical margin slightly emarginate at middle (Fig. 34)...............................  X. bicolor</p>
            <p> - Only basal half of abdominal segment VII evidently darker than remainder of abdomen (Fig. 4); sternite VIII of male with apical margin strongly emarginate at middle (Fig. 35)...................................................  X. confusus</p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F087BBFFB7FF8C2999674DFA67FED4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Caron, Edilson;De Castro, Jessica C.;Da Silva, Maycon R.;Ribeiro-Costa, Cibele S.	Caron, Edilson, De Castro, Jessica C., Da Silva, Maycon R., Ribeiro-Costa, Cibele S. (2016): Phylogeny and revision of a colorful Neotropical genus of rove beetles: Xenopygus Bernhauer (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 4138 (1): 59-82, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4138.1.2
03F087BBFFB9FF802999676CFA87F84F.text	03F087BBFFB9FF802999676CFA87F84F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Xenopygus analis (Erichson) Erichson	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Xenopygus analis (Erichson)</p>
            <p>(Figs 2, 5, 14–30, 33, 39, 42, 45, 57)</p>
            <p> Philonthus analis Erichson, 1840: 495 (original description, type locality: “Cayenne” and “ Columbia ”); Lucas, 1857: 50 (distribution). Note: name preoccupied, primary homonym of  Philonthus analis Heer, 1839 (currently  Gabrius analis ), but held according to ICZN Committee in Opinion 2053 (ICZN 2003). Discussion about this topic see (Herman 2001a; Herman 2002 and ICZN 2003). </p>
            <p> Xanthopygus analis: Kraatz, 1857: 540 (transferred to  Xanthopygus ); Solsky, 1868: 141 (distribution); Sharp, 1876: 132 (male characteristics, distribution). </p>
            <p> Lampropygus analis: Sharp, 1884: 348 (transferred to  Lampropygus , characteristics and distribution); Fauvel, 1891: 107 (characteristics, distribution). </p>
            <p> Xenopygus analis: Bernhauer, 1906: 196 (transferred to  Xenopygus ); Bernhauer &amp; Schubert, 1914: 405 (catalog, distribution); Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1416 (catalog, distribution); Irmler, 1979: 31 (adult and larvae characteristics, distribution); Irmler, 1982: 209 (characteristics, distribution); Herman, 2001a: 54 (nomenclatural discussion); Herman, 2001b: 3610 (catalog, distribution); Navarrete-Heredia et al., 2002 (characteristics, distribution, biological notes); Marquez et al., 2004: 30 (key, male characteristics); Rodriguez et al., 2012: 233 (characteristics, biological notes). </p>
            <p> Philothalpus (Xenopygus) analis: Blackwelder, 1943: 453 (transferred to  Philothalpus , characteristics, distribution); Blackwelder, 1944: 140 (distribution); Nishida, 1994: 73 (distribution); Nishida, 1997: 62 (distribution). </p>
            <p> Type material. Lectotype, female deposited in ZMHB: one specimen labeled as ‘Lektotypus/  Xenopygus /  analis / det.I.Irmler’ [red label, handwritten], ‘6169’ [white label, printed], ‘  analis /dej/cayenne buq.’ [green label, handwritten], ‘ Syntype /  Philonthus analis / Erichson, 1840 / labelled by MNHUB 2013’ [red label, printed]. </p>
            <p> Note. Erichson (1840) did not specify how many specimens were examined when the description was made, however, three specimens were received from ZMHB labeled as syntypes, which are currently considered as paralectotypes under Art. 74.1.3 of ICZN (1999), with two specimens, undetermined sex, labeled as ‘Hist.-Coll (  Coleoptera )/ Nr.6169/  Philonthus analis Dej. / Columb., Moritz/ Zool. Mus. Berlin’ [green label, printed] ‘ Syntype /  Philonthus analis / Erichson, 1840 / labelled by MNHUB 2013’ [red label, printed]; and one specimen, undetermined sex, labeled as ‘Columb/ mor’ [blue label, handwritten] ‘Hist.-Coll (  Coleoptera )/ Nr.6169/  Philonthus analis Dej. / Columb., Morirz/ Zool. Mus.Berlin’ [green label, printed], ‘ Syntype /  Philonthus analis / Erichson, 1840 / labelled by MNHUB 2013’ [red label, printed]. </p>
            <p> Diganosis.  Xenopygus analis is easily distinguished from  X. bicolor and  X. confusus by the color of the head, pronotum and elytra, metallic blue to green, sometimes with elytra slightly darker and abdominal segment VII entirely yellowish or at least ligther than the preceding segments (Fig. 2); and antenna scape evidently shorter than antennomeres II and III combined. </p>
            <p>Redescription. BL: 9.5–13.7 mm, BW: 3.3 mm. Head, pronotum and elytra with metallic blue to green color, sometimes with elytra darker, abdominal segments VII–X yellowish or at least ligther than the precedents (Fig. 2). Pronotum with setal punctuation forming a pair of longitudinal lines in the median region and distributed in each lateral third of disc, and more evident in the anterior half of disc (Fig. 5).</p>
            <p>Eyes slightly longer than half of the head (Fig. 20). Antenna with scape shorter than antennomeres II and III combined; antennomere IV as long as wide (Fig. 14); antennomere V–XI with microsetae (Fig. 14), antennomere XI apparently symmetric. Mesoventrite process with apex truncate and wide (Fig. 22); metatarsomeres II–IV slightly bilobate. Tergite III–V with arched carina; sternite VII of male with small and oval porous structure at the middle of apical its half (Figs. 23, a, 30). Sternite VIII of male deeply medially emarginate in form of ‘V’ shape (Figs. 23, b, 33). Median lobe with bulbous base (Fig. 39); apex rounded, subapically with lined four to seven small teeth, being one prominent in ventral surface (Fig. 42); parameres fused in a single plate and almost reaching to reaching the apex of the median lobe, apex truncate and with four conspicuous setae in the apical margin, apical half with peg setae forming two irregular lines (Fig. 45).</p>
            <p>Geographical record. United States of America: Hawaii. Mexico: Tamaulipas; San Luís Potosí; Jalisco; Guerrero Mochitlán; Oaxaca; Veracruz; Chiapas; Campeche; Yucatán; Quintana Roo. Belize: Cayo. Guatemala: Guatemala. Nicaragua: Masaya. Costa Rica: San José. Panama: Chiriqui; Colón Colombia: Risaralda; Putumayo. Venezuela: Aragua; Distrito Federal; Amazonas. Trinidad and Tobago: Saint George. Guyana: Demerara. French Guiana: Cayenne. Ecuador: Orellana. Peru: Madre de Diós; Cuzco. Bolivia: Ichilo. Brazil: Amazonas; Pará, Rondônia; Mato Grosso; Bahia; Minas Gerais; Mato Grosso do Sul; Rio de Janeiro; São Paulo; Paraná; Santa Catarina. Paraguay: Alto Paraná; Guaíra; Itapuá. Argentina: Misiones; Corrientes; Chaco (Fig. 57).</p>
            <p> Biological notes. This species was found preying on fruitfly larvae (  Diptera :  Tephritidae ) (Baker et al., 1944), also found on decomposing fruits, carcasses and faeces. Specimens of this species were collected with flight interception traps and baited pitfall traps. </p>
            <p> Remarks.  Xenopygus analis stands out by its wide geographical distribution. The species might be found continuously from southern Mexico to southern Brazil. This distribution has led some authors to study its morphological variation (Blackwelder 1943) and to suggest that the species could be divided into more than one (Navarrete-Heredia et al. 2002). In this study, males of  X. analis from all its distribution range were analyzed and dissected. No morphological evidence was found to separate the studied material in two or more species. It is worth to point out that the specimens vary in color of head, pronotum and elytra, from metallic blue to green, and in number of small teeth in the median lobe, from four to seven. Usually, specimens from North to Central America (Mexico to Panama) have the apex of the parareme reaching the apex of the median lobe in lateral view, while in specimens from South America the apex of the paramere does not reach the apex of the median lobe in lateral view. </p>
            <p> FIGURES 30–32. Sternite VII, male. 30,  X. analis ; 31,  X. bicolor ; 32,  X. confusus . 33–38. Sternite VIII, male. 33,  X. analis ; 34,  X. bicolor ; 35,  X. confusus ; 36,  X. cordovensis ; 37,  X. sancticamillus ,  sp. nov. ; 38,  X. petilicolis ,  sp. nov. Scale = 1 mm. </p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F087BBFFB9FF802999676CFA87F84F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Caron, Edilson;De Castro, Jessica C.;Da Silva, Maycon R.;Ribeiro-Costa, Cibele S.	Caron, Edilson, De Castro, Jessica C., Da Silva, Maycon R., Ribeiro-Costa, Cibele S. (2016): Phylogeny and revision of a colorful Neotropical genus of rove beetles: Xenopygus Bernhauer (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 4138 (1): 59-82, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4138.1.2
03F087BBFFBFFF8529996189FDAEFAD0.text	03F087BBFFBFFF8529996189FDAEFAD0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Xenopygus bicolor (Laporte) Laporte	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Xenopygus bicolor (Laporte)</p>
            <p>(Figs 3, 6, 31, 34, 40, 43, 46, 58)</p>
            <p> Staphylinus bicolor Laporte, 1835: 115 (original description, type locality: ‘Cayenne’). Laporte, 1840: 177 (characteristics, distribution). Note: preoccupied name, primary homonym of  Staphylinus bicolor Paykull, 1789 (currently  Lesteva analis ), but was held according to plenary power of ICZN Committee in Opinion 2053 (ICZN 2003). Discussion about this topic see (Herman 2001a, Herman 2002 and ICZN 2003). Note: Irmler (1982) designates the Neotype from a specimen from Erichson’s collection, also from ‘Cayenne’. </p>
            <p> Philonthus bicolor Erichson, 1840: 495 (transferred to  Philonthus , characteristics, distribution). </p>
            <p> Xanthopygus bicolor Kraatz, 1857: 540 (transferred to  Xanthopygus ); Solsky, 1872: 306 (cited as Xanthopygius); Sharp, 1876: 132 (male characteristics, distribution). </p>
            <p> Lampropygus bicolor Sharp, 1884: 347 (Error: Sharp referred to Erichson’s species). </p>
            <p> Xenopygus bicolor Bernhauer, 1906: 196 (transferred the species to  Xenopygus ); Bernhauer &amp; Schubert, 1914: 405 (catalog); Irmler, 1979: 31 (characteristics); Irmler, 1982: 209 (Neotype designation: characteristics); Herman, 2001a: 54 (nomenclatural discussion); Herman 2001b: 3610 (catalog); Rodriguez et al., 2012: 233 (characteristics, biological notes). </p>
            <p>Type material. Neotype, female, deposited in ZMHB, not studied.</p>
            <p> Diagnosis.  Xenopygus bicolor is easily distinguished from  X. analis and  X. confusus by the color of the head and pronotum, metallic blue to green, and elytra yellow to dark brown; apical half of abdominal segment VI and basal half of segment VII evidently darker than the remainder of abdomen (Fig. 3) and sternite VIII of male with apical margin slightly emarginate at middle (Fig. 34). </p>
            <p>Redescription. BL: 9–17 mm, BW: 3.4 mm. Head and pronotum metallic blue to green, elytra and abdominal segments yellowish, apical half of abdominal segment VI and basal half of segment VII evidently darker than the remainder of abdomen (Fig. 3). Pronotum with setal punctuations forming a pair of longitudinal lines in the median region of disc and distributed in each lateral third, more evident in the anterior half (Fig. 6).</p>
            <p>Eyes slightly longer than half of the head. Antenna scape equal to slightly longer than antennomeres II and III combined; antennomere IV as long as wide; antennomeres V–XI with microsetae; antennomere XI apparently symmetric. Mesoventrite process with apex truncate and wide; and metatarsomeres II–IV slightly bilobate. Tergite III–V with arched carina; sternite VII of male with wide porous structure at middle (Fig. 31); sternite VIII of male slightly medially emarginate (Fig. 34). Median lobe with bulbous base (Fig. 40); apex rounded to pointed, subapically with a small tooth in hook shape in ventral surface (Fig. 43); parameres fused in a single plate and exceed the apex of median lobe, apex round, apical two thirds with peg setae forming two irregular lines near the lateral margins (Fig. 46).</p>
            <p>Geographical record. Guyana: Demerara. Equador: Orellana. Peru: Loreto; Madre de Diós. Bolivia: La Paz Department. Brazil: Amazonas; Pará; Acre; Rondônia; Mato Grosso (Fig. 58).</p>
            <p> Biological notes.  Xenopygus bicolor was found on tree barks and fungi, collected with feaces baited pitfall traps, and with flight interception traps. </p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F087BBFFBFFF8529996189FDAEFAD0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Caron, Edilson;De Castro, Jessica C.;Da Silva, Maycon R.;Ribeiro-Costa, Cibele S.	Caron, Edilson, De Castro, Jessica C., Da Silva, Maycon R., Ribeiro-Costa, Cibele S. (2016): Phylogeny and revision of a colorful Neotropical genus of rove beetles: Xenopygus Bernhauer (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 4138 (1): 59-82, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4138.1.2
03F087BBFFBFFF84299964DBFBE0FC0B.text	03F087BBFFBFFF84299964DBFBE0FC0B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Xenopygus confusus Irmler	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Xenopygus confusus Irmler</p>
            <p>(Figs 4, 7, 32, 35, 41, 44, 47, 58)</p>
            <p> Xenopygus confusus Irmler, 1982: 208 (type locality: ‘ Guyane, France Nouveau Chantier’); Herman, 2001b: 3611 (catalog); Rodriguez et al., 2012: 233 (characteristics, biological notes). </p>
            <p> Type material. Holotype, male, deposited in FMNH and labeled as ‘ Guyane Franç se/ Nouveau Chantier/ Collection Le Moult’ [white label, printed], ‘MAI [white label, printed]’. ‘  bicolor Cast / det. Bernhauer’ [white label, printed], ‘Chicago NHMus/ M. Bernhauer/ Collection’ [white label, printed], ‘ Holotypus /  Xenopygus /  confusus / det. U. Irmler’ [red label, printed],  bicolor /Cast. Esud. ens/p.115’ [white label, handwritten], ‘  Xenopygus confusus / Irmler, 1982 / J.L. Navarrete det. 2001’ [white label, printed], ‘Photographed/ Kelsey Keaton 2014/ Emu Catalog’ [blue label, printed], FMNHINS/ 2818940/ FIELD MUSEUM’ [white label, printed]. Three paratypes deposited in FMNH, two labeled as ‘  bicolor Lap. / Cayenne. Skalitzky/ det. Bernhauer’ [white label, handwritten], ‘Chicago NHMus/ M. Bernhauer/ Collection’ [white label, printed], ‘ Paratypus /  Xenopygus /  confusus / det. U. Irmler’ [red label, printed],  Xenopygus confusus / Irmler, 1982 / J.L. Navarrete det. 2001’ [white label, printed]; and one labeled as ‘  Xanthopygus /  bicolor Lap. / Cayenne 1869/ C. Jelski’ [white label, handwritten], ‘  bicolor Lap. / Cayenne. </p>
            <p> Skalitzky/ det. Bernhauer’ [white label, handwritten], ‘Chicago NHMus/ M. Bernhauer/ Collection’ [white label, printed], ‘ Paratypus /  Xenopygus /  confusus / det. U. Irmler’ [red label, printed],  Xenopygus confusus / Irmler, 1982 / J.L. Navarrete det. 2001’ [white label, printed]. </p>
            <p> Diagnosis.  Xenopygus confusus is easily distinguished from  X. analis and  X. bicolor by the color of the head and pronotum, metallic blue to green, elytra yellow to dark brown, basal half of abdominal segment VII evidently darker than remainder of abdomen (Fig. 4) and sternite VIII of male with apical margin strongly emarginate at middle (Fig. 35). </p>
            <p>Redescription. BL: 11.0–18.0 mm, BW: 3.3 mm. Head and pronotum with metallic blue to green color, elytra and abdominal segments yellowish, basal half of abdominal segment VII evidently darker than remainder of abdomen (Fig. 4). Pronotum with setal punctuations forming a pair of longitudinal lines in the median region and distributed in each lateral third, more evident in the anterior half (Fig. 7).</p>
            <p>Eyes slightly longer than half of the head. Antennal scape slightly longer than antennomeres II and III combined; antennomere IV as long as wide; antennomeres V–XI with microsetae; antennomere XI apparently symmetric. Mesoventrite process with apex truncate and wide; and metatarsomeres II–IV slightly bilobate. Tergite III–V with arched carina; sternite VII of male with wide porous structure at middle (Fig. 32); sternite VIII of male strongly medially emarginate (Fig. 35). Median lobe with bulbous base (Fig. 41); apex rounded and slightly truncate, subapically with tooth in hook shape in ventral surface (Fig. 44); parameres fused in a single plate and almost reach the apex of median lobe, apex tightly truncate, apical two thirds with peg setae forming two irregular lines near the lateral margins (Fig. 47).</p>
            <p>Geographical record. Trinidad and Tobago: Saint George. French Guiana: Cayenne. Brazil: Pará (Fig. 58).</p>
            <p> Biological notes.  Xenopygus confusus was collected on decomposing fruits. </p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F087BBFFBFFF84299964DBFBE0FC0B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Caron, Edilson;De Castro, Jessica C.;Da Silva, Maycon R.;Ribeiro-Costa, Cibele S.	Caron, Edilson, De Castro, Jessica C., Da Silva, Maycon R., Ribeiro-Costa, Cibele S. (2016): Phylogeny and revision of a colorful Neotropical genus of rove beetles: Xenopygus Bernhauer (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 4138 (1): 59-82, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4138.1.2
03F087BBFFBEFF9B299962F4FEB6FF56.text	03F087BBFFBEFF9B299962F4FEB6FF56.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Xenopygus cordovensis Bernhauer	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Xenopygus cordovensis Bernhauer</p>
            <p>(Figs 8, 11, 36, 48, 51, 54, 59)</p>
            <p> Xenopygus cordovensis Bernhauer, 1910: 377 (type locality: ‘ Mexico: Cordoba’); Bernhauer &amp; Schubert, 1914: 405 (catalog); Blackwelder, 1944: 142 (checklist, distribution); Irmler, 1979: 31 (characteristics); Irmler, 1982: 209 (characteristics, distribution); Herman, 2001b: 3611 (catalog, distribution). </p>
            <p> Type material. Two syntypes from FMNH, male labeled as, ‘Cordoba/ Mex. Ver./ Dr. A. Fenyes’ [white label, printed], ‘  cordovensis / Brnh. Typus’ [white label, handwritten], ‘Chicago NHMus/ M. Bernhauer/ Collection’ [white label, printed], ‘FMNHINS/ 28183939/ FIELD MUSEUM’ [white label, printed], ‘Photographed/ Keaton 2014/ Emu Catalog’ [blue label, printed], ‘in Euparal’ [white label, handwritten], ‘cordovensi s / Bernh. Verh. Zool. Bot./ Ges. 1910. p. 377’ [white label with black margin, handwritten]; and female labeled as ‘Cordoba/ Mex. Ver./ Dr. A. Fenves’ [white label, printed], ‘  cordovensis / Brnh. Typus’ [white label, handwritten], ‘Chicago NHMus/ M. Bernhauer/ Collection’ [white label, printed], ‘FMNHINS/ 2840652/ FIELD MUSEUM/ Pinned’ [white label, printed], ‘  cordovensis / Bernh. Verh. Zool. Bot./ Ges. 1910. p. 377’ [white label with black margin, handwritten]. </p>
            <p> Diagnosis.  Xenopygus cordovensis is is easily distinguished from  X. sancticamillus ,  sp. nov. , and  X. petilicolis ,  sp. nov. by the color of the entirely brownish body, except for lighter abdominal segments VIII–X, eyes slightly longer than half of the head and tergite V with arched carina. </p>
            <p>Redescription. BL: 11.0 mm, BW: 2.0 mm. Body brownish, dorsum of head and elytra darker, abdominal segments VIII–X lighter (Fig. 8). Pronotum with setal punctuations evenly distributed except for the longitudinal median region (Fig. 11).</p>
            <p>Eyes slightly longer than half of the head. Antenna scape shorter than antennomeres II and III combined; antennomere IV evidently longer than wide; antennomeres IV–XI with microsetae; antennomere XI asymmetric. Mesoventrite process with apex slightly rounded; metatarsomeres II–IV non-bilobate. Tergite III–V with arched carina; sternite VII with apical margin with wide and smooth median emargination and without porous structure; sternite VIII of male with apical margin medially emarginate (Fig. 36). Median lobe with non-bulbous base (Fig. 48); apex slightly emarginate, smooth carina in ‘V’ shape in the apical third, three subapical tooth in hook shape, being the basal one the largest and the two apical smaller and with the same size (Fig. 51); parameres fused in a single plate and the apical two thirds with peg setae forming two internal curved columns (Fig. 54).</p>
            <p>Geographical record. Mexico: Cordoba (Fig. 59).</p>
            <p> Biological notes.  Xenopygus cordovensis has only two type specimens, without any comment about the species biology. </p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F087BBFFBEFF9B299962F4FEB6FF56	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Caron, Edilson;De Castro, Jessica C.;Da Silva, Maycon R.;Ribeiro-Costa, Cibele S.	Caron, Edilson, De Castro, Jessica C., Da Silva, Maycon R., Ribeiro-Costa, Cibele S. (2016): Phylogeny and revision of a colorful Neotropical genus of rove beetles: Xenopygus Bernhauer (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 4138 (1): 59-82, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4138.1.2
03F087BBFFA1FF9B29996052FBEDFB6D.text	03F087BBFFA1FF9B29996052FBEDFB6D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Xenopygus sancticamillus Caron & Castro	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Xenopygus sancticamillus, Caron &amp; Castro sp. nov.</p>
            <p>(Figs 9, 12, 37, 49, 52, 55, 59)</p>
            <p>Type material. Holotype from DZUP, male, labeled as, ‘ Brasil, PR, Palotina/ Parque Estadual de São/ Camilo (FIT+malaise)/ 28-X-2010 / E. Caron, col.’ [white label, printed]. Eight paratypes, one male and three females from DZUP, and one male and three females from FMNH, labeled as, ‘ Brasil, PR, Palotina/ Parque Estadual de São/ Camilo (FIT+malaise)/ 04-XI-2010 / E. Caron, col.’ [white label, printed].</p>
            <p> Diagnosis.  Xenopgyus sancticamillus ,  sp. nov. can be differentiated from  X. petilicolis ,  sp. nov. by the number and shape of apical teeth of the median lobe and by the shape of the paramere apex and the distribution pattern of the peg setae, in which  X. sancticamillus ,  sp. nov. has only one large tooth in the apex of the median lobe (Fig. 49) and has the apex of the paramere rounded and with peg setae distributed along its margin (Fig. 55). </p>
            <p>Description. BL: 7.5–9.0 mm, BW: 2.0 mm. Head and pronotum metallic brown to green, elytra and abdomen brownish and abdominal segments VIII-X light brown (Fig. 9). Pronotum with setal punctuations evenly distributed except for the longitudinal median region (Fig. 12).</p>
            <p>Eyes occupy almost all lateral sides of the head. Antenna scape shorter than antennomeres II and III combined; antennomere IV evidently longer than wide; antennomeres IV-XI with microsetae; antennomere XI asymmetric. Pronotum shorter than elytra length. Mesoventrite process with apex slightly rounded; metatarsomeres II-IV nonbilobate. Tergite V without arched carina; sternite VII without porous structure; sternite VIII of male with apical margin medially emarginate (Fig. 37). Median lobe with non-bulbous base (Fig. 49); apex slightly emarginate, smooth carina in ‘V’ shape in the apical third, one large apical teeth in hook shape (Fig. 52); parameres fused in a single plate and with peg setae around the rounded apex (Fig. 55).</p>
            <p>Geographical record. Brazil: Minas Gerais; Paraná. Argentina: Chaco (Fig. 59).</p>
            <p>Etymology. The specific name refers to the locality where the type material was collected, Biological Reserve of 'São Camilo'. In Portuguese ‘São Camilo’ refers to a Catholic saint and the specific name is a Latin compound name: adjective stem sanct- (saint)+ connective vowel i + substantive camillus.</p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F087BBFFA1FF9B29996052FBEDFB6D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Caron, Edilson;De Castro, Jessica C.;Da Silva, Maycon R.;Ribeiro-Costa, Cibele S.	Caron, Edilson, De Castro, Jessica C., Da Silva, Maycon R., Ribeiro-Costa, Cibele S. (2016): Phylogeny and revision of a colorful Neotropical genus of rove beetles: Xenopygus Bernhauer (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 4138 (1): 59-82, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4138.1.2
03F087BBFFA1FF9A29996408FB2EF82E.text	03F087BBFFA1FF9A29996408FB2EF82E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Xenopygus petilicolis Caron & Castro	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Xenopygus petilicolis, Caron &amp; Castro sp. nov.</p>
            <p>(Figs 10, 13, 38, 50, 53, 56, 59)</p>
            <p> Type material. Holotype from FMNH, male, labeled as, ‘ Trinidad. St. George Co./ Simla Research Station, 800 ft./ Arima Valley, N.Range,/ 10º41’34’’N / 61º17’22’’W / May 29 – June 3, 2000 / col. Alistair S. Ramdale’ [white label, printed], ‘Flight intercept trap,/ Premontane Tropical/ Rainforest’ [white label, printed], ‘  Xenopygus /? sp./ det. Newton 2000’ [white label, handwritten]. Three paratypes from FMNH, females, labeled as, 1) ‘ Panama: Panama Pr.,/ Lago Bayano, Isla de/ Majé, 17-20.XII.1988,/ flight intercept trap,/ R. G. Hancock leg./Field Mus. Nat. Hist.’ [white label, printed], ‘  Xenopygus / det. Newton 1995’ [white label, handwritten], ‘ CNC has this sp.’ [white label, handwritten]. 2) ‘ Trinidad: Tunapuna,/ Mt. St. Benedict, Mt./ Tabor, 500m, 21.VI- / 8.VII.1993, FMHD 93-’ [white label, printed], ‘425, rainforest FIT/ (flight intercept trap),/ S. &amp; J. Peck #93-38/ Field Mus. Nat. Hist.’ [white label, printed]. 3) ‘ Peru: Dept. Madre de/ Dios, Manu Prov./ Parque Nac. Manu, Zona/ Rest, Rio Manu, Cocha/ Juarez, trail nr. Manu’ [white label, printed], ‘Lodge, 18-24.IX.1991 / flight intercept trap,/ A. Hartman/ Field Musuem’ [white label, printed], ‘  Xenopygus / check  peruvianus / Solsky/ Det.A.Davies’ [white label, handwritten], ‘?  Dysanellus / (Leptodiastemus)/ det. Newton 1992’ [white label, handwritten]. </p>
            <p> Diagnosis.  Xenopygus petilicolis ,  sp. nov. can be differentiated from  X. sancticamillus ,  sp. nov. by the number and shape of apical teeth of the median lobe and by the shape of the paramere apex and the peg setae, in which  X. petilicolis ,  sp. nov. has various small teeth (Fig. 50) and has the apex thin and with the peg setae forming two parallel columns (Fig. 56). </p>
            <p>Description. BL: 9 mm, BW: 2 mm. Body entirely metallic dark green to dark blue, except for the apex of abdominal segments VII and VIII–X yellowish (Fig 10). Pronotum with setal punctuations evenly distributed except for the longitudinal median region (Fig. 13).</p>
            <p>Eyes occupy almost all lateral sides of the head. Antenna scape shorter than antennomeres II and III combined; antennomere IV evidently longer than wide; antennomeres IV–XI with microsetae; antennomere XI asymmetric. Pronotum shorter than elytra length. Mesoventrite process with apex slightly rounded; metatarsomeres II–IV nonbilobate. Tergite V without arched carina; sternite VII without porous structure; and sternite VIII of male with apical margin medially emarginate (Fig. 38). Median lobe with non-bulbous base (Fig. 50); apex rounded, smooth carina in ‘V’ shape in the apical third, various small apical teeth (Fig. 53); parameres fused in a single plate and apex with peg setae forming two parallel columns (Fig. 56).</p>
            <p>Geographical record. Panama: Panama. Trinidad and Tobago: Saint George. Peru: Madre de Diós (Fig. 59)</p>
            <p>Etymology. The specific name refers to the slender feature of the aedeagus and the specific name is a Latin compound name: adjective stem petil- (slender) + connective vowel i + substantive colis (penis).</p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F087BBFFA1FF9A29996408FB2EF82E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Caron, Edilson;De Castro, Jessica C.;Da Silva, Maycon R.;Ribeiro-Costa, Cibele S.	Caron, Edilson, De Castro, Jessica C., Da Silva, Maycon R., Ribeiro-Costa, Cibele S. (2016): Phylogeny and revision of a colorful Neotropical genus of rove beetles: Xenopygus Bernhauer (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 4138 (1): 59-82, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4138.1.2
03F087BBFFA3FF9929996189FC75FC78.text	03F087BBFFA3FF9929996189FC75FC78.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Xenopygus peruvianus (Solsky) Solsky	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Xenopygus peruvianus (Solsky)</p>
            <p> Xanthopygus peruvianus: Solsky, 1872: 306 (original description, type locality: ‘Monte-Rico’, Peru, cited as Xanthopygius).  Lampropygus peruvianus: Bernhauer &amp; Schubert, 1914: 406 (catalog). </p>
            <p> Xenopygus peruvianus: Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1416 (catalog); Irmler, 1979: 31 (considered species incerta). </p>
            <p> Remarks. This species was described primarily in  Xanthopygus by Solsky, 1872 (cited as Xanthopygius), based on individuals from Monte Rico, Peru. In the original description, the author stated that this species is similar to  X. bicolor . Irmler (1982) was looking for the species in Solsky’s collection, which is partially deposited in ZIN (Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia) and ZMMU (Zoological Museum of Moscow University, Moscow, Russia), and reported  X. peruvianus as species incerta, since he did not find the type specimen (Irmler 1982). </p>
            <p> In this study, new searches for the  X. peruvianus material were performed in Solsky collection (ZIM and ZMMU) and in IRSNB collection (Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Brussels, Belgium). There are known cases where Solsky remitted material to Charles Fauvel, with deposited collection in IRSNB (see Caron et al. 2012). Additionally, several staphylinids researchers were consulted to try to determinate the probable location of the type material of  X. peruvianus . However, there were no positive responses. </p>
            <p> Since there was no specimen identified as  X. peruvanus in the examined collections and the type material is considered lost since 1982 (from Irmler 1982),  X. peruvianus is here considered as species inquirenda, meaning, a name of doubtful identity, and in need of further investigation. </p>
            <p>The term species inquirenda is defined by the ICZN (1999) glossary and substitutes the term species incerta cited by Irmler (1982), and this does not have definition by the code and can generate different interpretation. Besides, Solsky, in 1872 described the species analyzing a specimen from Monte Rico, Peru, which, is temporarily lost. In this case, the term nomen dubium should not be considered.</p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F087BBFFA3FF9929996189FC75FC78	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Caron, Edilson;De Castro, Jessica C.;Da Silva, Maycon R.;Ribeiro-Costa, Cibele S.	Caron, Edilson, De Castro, Jessica C., Da Silva, Maycon R., Ribeiro-Costa, Cibele S. (2016): Phylogeny and revision of a colorful Neotropical genus of rove beetles: Xenopygus Bernhauer (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 4138 (1): 59-82, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4138.1.2
