taxonID	type	description	language	source
03F0879DE6748E15798CA0CECC3BFBD0.taxon	materials_examined	Type species: Henestaris kinbergi Stål, 1859, fixed by Distant, 1910. Redescription. Body elongate.	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE6748E15798CA0CECC3BFBD0.taxon	description	Head: with clypeus rounded and exceeding jugae; ocular sulcus complete; head smooth, without punctures (Figs. 1 – 3); eyes slightly stylate, touching pronotal margin (e. g., Figs. 2, 28), excepting G. coloratus in which the stylate part slants forwards (Fig. 63); bucculae produced near base as flaps, then narrow, gradually diminishing posteriorly almost to surface of head, joining roughly in a V near base of head. Labium with 4 th segment shortest, other segments subequal in length. Antennae with 1 st segment shortest, 2 nd and 4 th segments subequal. Thorax: Pronotum with lateral margins almost straight and rounded at anterior and posterior angles, gradually narrowed from posterior to anterior and narrowly carinate; width at anterior margin subequal to median length, dorsally distinctly punctate, calli smooth and impunctate (e. g., Figs. 1, 9). Thoracic pleura with coarse punctures; metathoracic scent gland opening narrow and directed posteriorly; evaporative area distinct. Scutellum wider than long, finely and thickly punctured, with triradiate impunctate elevation (e. g., Figs. 10, 63). Hemelytra hyaline, extending well beyond apex of abdomen. Corium with costal margin gradually slightly dilated, widest at about mid length, with more or less three rows of very small thickset brown punctures (Figs. 1, 98), first row in its basal third running near costal margin, then somewhat deviating from it, second row in the middle, third near claval suture and indistinctly continuing from its apex along apical margin of corium to apex of first row. Clavus hyaline, parallel in its basal third, then widening a little toward commissure, with sparse punctures in inner and outer rows. Membrane hyaline, veins often indistinct (e. g., Figs. 1, 45, 80). Abdomen: Spiracles III and IV dorsal on connexiva, II located on edge of connexivum still dorsal, V – VII ventral. Sutures between terga IV – V slightly and V – VI strongly curved caudad from margin to meson and with distinct scent gland scars these being subequal in width; scar between VI – VII indistinct (e. g., Figs. 4, 12). Inner laterotergites present. All terga impunctate (e. g., Figs. 4, 12). Trichobothria on sternum III in a loose triangle, those on IV almost linear, variable in spacing and degree of development, sometimes one trichobothrium reduced or absent altogether (Fig. 5), those on V – VII are in full (trichobothrial) complement (3: 3: 2), and in all the inner of the 2 posterior trichobothria is the smallest. Female genitalia: Spermatheca (Fig. 6) saccoid, with flange near base sclerotized, and unevenly expanded; duct part behind flange wide but gradually narrowing to a uniformly thin duct of variable length. Ovipositor with first ramus traversing to almost entire length of first gonapophysis; second gonapophysis spatulate with sparse minute setae along margins; second gonocoxae crescentic (Figs. 7, 8). Male genitalia: Pygophore posteriorly gradually rounded, lacking processes (e. g., Fig. 19). Paramere (e. g., Figs. 24 – 26) with dorsal flange more prominent than ventral lobe which has long setae; blade sickle-shaped, broadly pointed or apically truncated and slightly fluted. Aedeagus as in Figs. 20 – 22. Ejaculatory reservoir (e. g., Fig. 23) with body, wings and neck well developed. Body in addition with or without produced sclerotised winglike transverse processes, on either side behind neck (e. g., Fig. 23). Vesica adjoining helicoid process with or without sclerotised lobes, lobes when present irregular in shape and variable in number. Helicoid process coiled; ejaculatory duct inside vesica with 1 – 3 turns; gonoporal process beyond helicoid process with variable number of coils; secondary gonopore simple, not flaring. Notes. This genus differs from Geocoris by having the labial segment 2 and 3 subequal; the ocular suture long, clearly reaching tip of head; and the hemelytra macropterous; and from the closely related Stylogeocoris by having the abdominal terga III & IV impunctate.	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE6728E1B798CA6A3CA0AF962.taxon	description	Germalus pallidus Distant, 1901: 471. Germalus humeralis Distant, 1918: 178. Syn. nov. Germalus sexlineatus Bergroth, 1916: 34. Syn. nov. Germalus victoriae: Cassis & Gross, 2002: 202.	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE6728E1B798CA6A3CA0AF962.taxon	materials_examined	Type specimens: Lectotype female and one paralectotype female, “ VIC ”; “ circular green label ”; “ Germalus victoriae Bergr. (in Bergroth’s handwriting) ”; “ From C. French Jun. 15.11.11 ” “ Nat. Mus. Victoria ”; designated here, in MV. Syntypes, two males, “ Baudin Island 92 – 4 ”, “ Type ”, Germalus pallidus Distant 1901 ”; in NHM. Synonymised by Cassis & Gross (2002). Syntypes, one male and one female, “ Townsville, Qld 11.2.0 3 F. P. Dodd ”; “ Type ”; “ Germalus humeralis Dist. type ”; in NHM. Syn. nov. Germalus sexlineatus Bergroth, 1916; “ Stevenson River, Central Australia ”; type specimen (male) not located, possibly is lost. Possible Syn. nov. Other specimens: Because of the large number of specimens examined, several hundred, the number of male and female specimens for each sample has been omitted from the collecting data. There are numerous additional specimens in various collections in Australia and overseas that have not been examined or included here. QUEENSLAND: Rennel I. Torres Straits AM Lea, in SAM; Mornington Is Mission, at light, 12. v. 1963, P Aitken & NB Tindale, in SAM; Normanton, at light, 4 – 6. v. 1963, NB Tindale & P Aitken, in SAM; Thornton peak, 1100 – 1300 m, via Daintree, 24 – 27. ix. 1984, GB & SR Monteith, in QM; Cairns district, AM Lea, in SAM; Wolfram, nymph on cashew, 19. ix. 1997, P O’Farrell, in VAIC; Bribie I., Moreton Bay, Lea & Hacker, in SAM; Magnetic I., A. M. Lea, in SAM; Applethorpe, flowering chestnut, 23. xii. 1991, FD Page, in VAIC; Clermont, 29. ix. 1929, Dr KK Spence, in AM; Archer R, sweeping, 28. vi. 1960, CN Smithers, same except, at light, 27. vi. 1960, in AM; Fraser Island nr Central Forestry Station, 4. ix. 1980, G Daniels, in AM; Lankelly Ck, Coen, 28. vi. 1960, CN Smithers, in AM; Dynevor Lakes, 88 km W Eulo, 2805 S 14412 E, on Eremophila sturtii, GV Maynard & G Daniels, in QM; 5.3 km SW Windorah, 25 25 S 142 35 E, ex Velleia glabrata, MP Zalucki & GV Maynard, in QM; 42 km SE of Windorah, 2534 S 142 58 E, 18. ix. 1990, MP Zalucki & GV Maynard, in QM; 201 km S Windorah, 2630 S 143 01 E, 18. ix. 1990, MP Zalucki & GV Maynard, in QM; 120 km E of Quilpie, 2639 S 145 29 E, 20. ix. 1990, MP Zalucki & GV Maynard, in QM; 149 km E of Quilpie, 2633 S 145 38 E, 20. ix. 1990, MP Zalucki & GV Maynard, in QM; 19.7 km N of Thylungra turnoff, 2604 S 143 28 E, ex Helipterum floribundum and Velleia glabrata, 18. ix. 1990, MP Zalucki & GV Maynard, in QM; Lake Broadwater nr Dalby, 2721 S 15106 E, Leptospermum flavescens blossom, 25. x. 1986, G & A Daniels, in QM; Charleville-Bollon Rd, 55 km SE Charleville, 2646 S 146 29 E, on Eremophila mitchellii, 30. x. 1991, G. Daniels & GV Maynard, in QM; Claudie River, JA Kershaw, 11 – 12. ii. 1913, in MV; Claudie River, 17.1.1914, in MV. AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL TERRITORY: Black Mountain, sweeping veg, 26. xi. 1959, GF Gross, in SAM. NEW SOUTH WALES: Menindee Lakes Pk. Trust Caravan Park, at light, 26. xii. 1973, GF Gross, in SAM; Dorrigo, W. Heron, in SAM; Lightning Ridge, 13. vii. 1977, JC Le Souef, in SAM; Young, 12. x. 1994, M. Steiner, in VAIC; Bogan River, J. Armstrong, in AM; Bogan River, Callitris, J. Armstrong, in AM. Turner’s Flat, Macleoy R, 11. v. 1978, CN Smithers, in AM; Yaleogrin St Forest, Gilgandra, 25. x. 1983, T Woolley, in AM; Careel Bay, mangrove, 4. ix. 1982, DK McAlpine, in AM; Careel Bay, Avalon, mangrove, 15. xii. 1964, DK McAlpine, in AM; 140.16 km N Wilcannia, 30 21 34 S 143 47 33 E, Acacia, 2. iv. 1994, GV Maynard & G Davis, in ANIC; Tamworth, “ inside communal pyralid nest in eucalpt ”, 23. vi. 1981, C Easton, in ASCU; Wongarbon Nature Res, 17 km Dubbo, 7. iv. 1979, D. K. McApline & BJ Day, in ANIC. VICTORIA: Burnely, VPRI, light trap, 1. ii. 1973, in VAIC; Cape Otway, 29. xi. 1966, A Neboiss, in MV; Glenelg River, 6 km NNE of Nelson, 25. xi. 1966, A Neboiss, in MV; Millgrove, 20. xi. 1927, FE Wilson, in MV; Thomson-Jordan River Junction, 24. xi. 1976, AA Calder, in MV; Belgrave, 5. xi. 1907, in MV; Warburton Dist., 24. xi. 1923, in MV; Croydon, in MV; Eltham, in MV; Nunawading, 14. iv. 1960, A Neboiss, in MV; Ferntree Gully, 26. iv. 1925, FE Wilson, in MV; Ferntree Gully Dist, in MV; Ferntree Gully, 14. iv. 1912, Donated by FP Spry, 5. x. 1922, in MV; Gippsland, in MV; Gippsland, 10. xii. 1923, Donated by JE Dixon 2. ix. 1924, in MV; Stanley, on outer husks of chestnuts, v. 1988, JA Osmelak, in VAIC; Donnybrook, AM Lea, in WADA. TASMANIA: Mt Arthur, 28. xii. 1915, FM Littler, in SAM; Launceston, Lea, in SAM. SOUTH AUSTRALIA: 94 km W Emu Junction, Great Victoria Desert, beating Eremophila sp. 6. x. 1976, JA Herridge; 28 km W Emu Junction, Great Victoria Desert, on Codonocarpus pyramidalis, 10. x. 1976, GF Gross & JA Herridge; 8 km NW Mt Davies turnoff, W Emu Junction, Great Victoria Desert, beating Eremophila sp. (red), 10. x. 1976, JA Herridge; Emu Junction, Great Victoria Desert, under debris, 5. x. 1976, GF Gross, DC Lee & JA Herridge; 65 km S Vokes Hill, Gt Vict. Desert, beating Cassia sp. dune slope, 28. viii. 1980, J Forrest; 54 km E Vokes Hill Junction, Gt Vict. Desert, at light, 9. x. 1976, JA Herridge; 53 – 55 km E Vokes Hill Junction, beating Composite, 9. x. 1976, GF Gross; 10 km W Emu Junction, Great Victoria Desert, 6. x. 1976, GF Gross; Levi Creek, 8 km NW Big Perry Spring, 28 19.2 136.16.1, 7. xii. 1974, JA Herridge; Davenport Spring, 8 km SE Alberrie Ck RS, beating, 13. v. 1981, JA Forrest; Lake Eyre near Sulphur Pen, dead on salt surface, 21. viii. 1967, GF Gross; 43 km WNW Tallaring Well, beating Eremophila sp. (blue flower), 5. x. 1976, GF Gross; NW of Tailem Bend, mallee scrub, on Callitris verrucosa, PB McQuillan; Olympic Dam site, 2 – 5. xi. 1987, EG Matthews & C. Watts; Great Vict Desert, vehicle net between 200 km N Cook & Waldana Sell, 21. viii. 1980, J. Forrest; Flat Rock Hole, Musgrave Rges, Capt SA White; Warradale, 13 km SW Adelaide, 22. x. 1972, PB McQuillan; Fossil Creek, 40 km NW Oddnatta, 3. v. 1976, JA Herridge; 144 – 145 km N Cook, Gt Vic Desert, 29. 29 130 10, beating Cassia, 20. viii. 1980, G Baker; 175 km W Vokes Hill, 28 30 S 129 0 1 E, sweeping flowering Cassia, 25. viii. 1980; same on Dodonea sp, GJ Baker; 21.4 km W Vokes Hill, 28 34 S 130 28 E, sweeping Cassia nemophila, 22. viii. 1980, GJ Baker; Moolooloo, 2000 ft [609 m], Flinders Range, 1921, HM Hale; Marree Picnic Ground, sweeping grass, 1. xi. 1955, ET Giles; Parachilna, Flinders Range, Nat Hist Exp; Granite Dns 5 km NW Johnsons Dam 26 58 S 133 35 40, 26 – 30. x. 1984 16 km inland from Robe, sweeping Leucopogon parviflorus, 28. x. 1958, GF Gross; Ifould Lake crossing, Nth Colona Stn, West coast, on Acacia ligulata, 22. viii. 1975, S Barker; Ooldea, AM Lea; W tip of Petermann Range, at light, 30. x. 1963, PAitken & NB Tindale; Glenelg, Adelaide, AH Elston; Underdale, 25. ii. 1973, CA Versteeg; Mt Remarkable, Euc rostrata scrub savannah, 24. xi. 1951, GF Gross; Hughes, AM Lea; 6 km E Woodcheater, on Callitris, 6. vii. 1968, N McFarland; Marryat Crk, on main road, at light, 21. xi. 1963, P. Aitken & NB Tindale; 3.2 km NE Mt Aloysius, at light, 18. xi. 1963, P. Aitken & NB Tindale; Yumbarra Nat Park, at light, 11. xi. 1975, JA Herridge; Lake Gairdner, 12 ml [19 km] S Moorarie, 5. x. 19674 ml [6.4 km] SW Maynard’s Bore, Everard Pk Stn, beating Grevillea sp., 6. xi. 1970, GF Gross; Lewiston Reservoir, two Wells, on Callitris preissii, 4. v. 1967, N McFarland; Lewiston Pk Two Wells, swept from Callitris preissii, 29. vi. 1970, JJH & ML Szent-Ivany; Margaret River overflow, 3 km W Curdimurka, 14. v. 1981, JA Forrest; 36 km W Mt Christie siding, at light, 6. xi. 1975, JA Herridge; 3.5 km W of Blinman, on Euc blossom, 7. ii. 1980, RV Southcott; Foot of Mt Remarkable, 1400 ft [425 m], 7. v. 1968, HM Cooper; Mt Remarkable, 1250 ft [370 m], shrubs,? 1967 – 8, HM Cooper; Mt Remarkable, 1800 – 2200 ft [547 – 665 m], shrubs, 12. v. 1968, HM Cooper; Mt Remarkable towards Terka, 1800 ft [547 m], dense scrub, 16. v. 1968, HM Cooper; Burra Creek 10 ml [16 km] N of Robertstown, 1000 ft [304 m], 25. viii. 1967, HM Cooper; all in SAM. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Gill Pinnacle, Mural Crescent, at light, 3. xi. 1963, P. Aitken & NB Tindale, in SAM; Marandoo camp, 22.38 S 118.06 E, at light, 5 – 19. v. 1980, TF Houston et al., in WAM; Eneabba, 29.49 S 115.16 E, on flowers of Banksia, 12. vii. 1987, RP McMillan, in WAM; Near mid branch, Gasocyne River, 25.12 S 119.20 E, 26. viii. 1987, RP McMillan, in WAM; 24 km SW of Kalgoorlie, 30.44 S 121.28 E, 10. x. 1988, RP McMillan, in WAM; Dowerim, 20. xi. 1984, RP McMillan, in WAM; Palm Springs, 15 km W of Millstream, 21.33 S 116.58 E, 16. vi. 1984, RP McMillan, in WAM; Denmark, 34 58 S 117 21 E, RP McMillan, in WAM; 26 km ESE of Minnie Creek HS, 24 02 S 115 42 E, on flowers of Eremophila, 2. ix. 1980, CA Howard & TF Houston, in WAM; Kurrawang Reserve, 30 50 121 20 E, 12 – 15. x. 1988, RP & DP McMillan & A Chapman, in WAM; 70 – 75 km ENE of Norseman, on flowers of Eremophila scoparia, 10 – 16. xi. 1978, TF Houston et al., in WAM; 45 km WNW of Wiluna, 27 – 28. vii. 1983, TF Houston & RP McMillan, in WAM; 7 km N of Wongawol HS 26.07 S 121.56 E, 29 – 30. vii. 1983, TF Houston & RPMcMillan, in WAM; 57 km N of Windy Corner, 23.34 S 125.12 E, 2. viii. 1983, TF Houston & RPMcMillan, in WAM; 28 km N of Charlies Knob, 25.03 S 124.59 E, 6. viii. 1983, TF Houston & RPMcMillan, in WAM; 17 km E Mt Nossiter, 25.25 S 123.47 E, 7. viii. 1983, TF Houston & RPMcMillan, in WAM; Neeberrie HS area, 2658 S 115 58 E, 27 – 28. viii. 1988, TF Houston & RPMcMillan, in WAM; Bungabiddy Rockhole, Walter James Ra, 24.39 S 128.45 E, 15. i. 1990, TF Houston & MS Harvey, in WAM; SE edge of Harris Lake, 33 kmS of Zanthus, 21. xi. 1978, TF Houston et al., in WAM; Mt Webb, 27. vii. 1967, KT Richards, in WADA; Yanchep, 11. ix. 1972, KT Richards, in WADA; Drysdale River, 14 39 S 126 57 E 18 – 21. viii. 1975, IFB Common & MS Upton, in ANIC; King George’s Sound, in AM; Beverley Springs Station, at light, 11. viii. 1974, WJ Bailey & KT Richards, in WADA; Kununurra, ex kenaf, 11. viii. 1976, PJ Michael, in WADA; Carnarvon, 2. ix. 1953, leg A. S., Germalus lineolosus GGE Scudder 1957, in WAM. NORTHERN TERRITORY: 3 km E. Sandover Bore, 11 km E Ammaroo Homestead, 10. x. 1977, JA Forrest, in SAM; 10 ml [16 km] E of Daly River, at light, 28. vi. 1972, BK Head, in SAM; Emily-Jesse Gorge NP, SSE of Alice Springs, 20. viii. 1990, RP McMillan, in WAM; Wildman River cashew plantation, 9. iii. 1989, W Houston & M Malipatil, same except 12. vii. 1989, M Malipatil & W Houston, in VAIC; Melville Island, WD Dodd, in SAM.	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE6728E1B798CA6A3CA0AF962.taxon	description	Redescription. Colouration: Generally ochraceous to pale ochraceous (Fig. 9); a narrow band surrounding ocelli particularly along inner margin often black (Fig. 11); antennae ochraceous with apices of 2 nd and 3 rd segments, and distal 2 / 3 of 4 th segment, slightly darker; tip of labium fuscous; pronotum with punctures fuscous and each humeral angle with a distinct fuscous spot (Fig. 10); non-carinate portion of scutellum sometimes more or less testaceous; hemelytra with lateral margin of corium pale, outer apical angle fuscous, and membrane hyaline reflecting testaceous abdomen beneath; legs without distinct dark spots or with sparse dark spots, apices of all tarsal joints slightly fuscous; abdominal dorsum under clavus and scutellum appearing blackish, otherwise pale except for broad dark lateral areas on basal 3 – 4 segments and a dark short median narrow band on apical 2 – 3 segments; connexiva of each segment pale except for a narrow dark band on posterior margin; abdominal venter pale except for broad dark submarginal bands on either side of midline. Measurements: are of lectotype female Germalus victoriae, syntype male G. pallidus, syntype female G. humeralis, followed by ranges of 5 male and 5 female non-type specimens measured within round brackets. Body: Subshiny (Fig. 9), dorsum covered with appressed pubescence, not with bristles or setae, length including wings 5.06, 4.50, 4.90 (5.06 – 5.70); maximum width 2.07, 1.70, 1.74 (1.75 – 2.11). Head (Figs. 9 – 11): Dorsally particularly between ocelli and eyes shiny; eyes with an oblique impressed line between ocelli and base of ocular peduncle; antennifers slightly produced. Length of head 0.80, 0.65, 0.70 (0.70 – 0.80); width across eyes 1.61, 1.67, 1.65 (1.59 – 1.79); interocular space 0.92, 0.87, 0.87 (0.87 – 1.03); interocellar space 0.43, 0.41, 0.36 (0.41 – 0.48); eye-ocellar space 0.16, 0.24, 0.23 (0.20 – 0.25); eye length 0.50, 0.55, 0.55 (0.51 – 0.57); eye width 0.34, 0.30, 0.34 (0.32 – 0.41). Labium extending to middle coxae, length of segments: I 0.52, 0.48, 0.57 (0.51 – 0.62); II 0.51, 0.50, 0.50 (0.66 – 0.72); III 0.46, 0.50, 0.57 (0.50 – 0.57); IV 0.38, 0.43, 0.46 (0.39 – 0.43). Antennae with 1 st segment about ½ as long as 2 nd segment; length of segments: I 0.30, 0.30, 0.38 (0.30 – 0.32); II 0.57, 0.64, 0.70 (0.64 – 0.72); III 0.47, 0.45, 0.50 (0.46 – 0.50); IV 0.54, 0.56, 0.60 (0.55 – 0.59). Thorax: Pronotum about 1.5 times as wide posteriorly as long, punctures shallow and difficult to distinguish towards margins and on posterior lobe area (Figs. 9 – 11); median length 1.15, 1.03, 1.10 (1.03 – 1.25); width at posterior margin 1.72, 1.56, 1.50 (1.58 – 1.84). Scutellum (Fig. 10) length 0.69, 0.69, 0.65 (0.73 – 0.80); width 0.85, 0.90, 0.83 (0.83 – 0.95). Length of hemelytra 3.31, 3.12, 3.30 (3.50 – 4.14); length of corium 2.30, 2.20, 2.30 (2.30 – 2.76); claval commissure 0.43, 0.43, 0.41 (0.39 – 0.50); width membrane 1.39, 1.56, 1.49 (1.33 – 1.65). Abdomen: Abdomen impunctate, III – V connexival segments partially exposed, extending a little beyond costal margin of closed hemelytra (Fig. 9). Abdominal terga sclerotised, pattern variable between female and male (Figs. 12 & 17). Internal apodeme on anterior margin of sternum VII in male broad and blunt, extending to ½ – 2 / 3 length of sternum VI. Female genitalia: Spermatheca (Fig. 14) with bulb variable from almost spherical to sub conical to conical in shape, with a flange near base sclerotised and unevenly expanded; duct part behind flange wide, gradually narrowing to a uniformly thin and extremely long tube with 10 – 15 twists or about 8 – 10 coils; basal part of duct narrow, tubular. Ovipositor as in Figs. 15 & 16. Male genitalia: Pygophore as in (Fig. 19). Paramere with blade broad, bluntly pointed towards apex, and with a few long setae near base, more so on ventral aspect (Figs. 24 – 26). Aedeagus (Figs. 20 – 22) with phallotheca moderately to heavily sclerotised in a basal broad band, particularly prominent on dorsal aspect; conjunctiva tubular, membranous, gradually narrowed towards upper end; body and wings of ejaculatory reservoir well developed, neck well developed and produced behind laterally in a wing-like pattern (Fig. 23). Vesica distally near helicoid process with small elongate sclerites and processes along margin, the processes (often irregular) varying from a narrow I-shape to a broad H-shape. Gonoporal process beyond helicoid process very thin, with 8 – 12 small uniform coils; secondary gonopore simple, not flaring (Fig. 22).	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE6728E1B798CA6A3CA0AF962.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Distributed in all Australian states and territories. Notes. This species has some similarities with G. kinbergi Stål, the type species of the genus Germalus, in general facies and general colouration including a fuscous spot on each humeral angle of pronotum, but differs by having a very long narrow coiled spermathecal duct (short, uncoiled in G. k i n b e rg i) and lacking vague roundish fuscous spots on each pronotal callus. This species as redescribed in this contribution is extremely variable in colour and structure. Some specimens are generally darker in general body colour. The pronotum in some specimens has faint, patchy, vague fuscous punctures in six incomplete rows: 2 in middle, and 4 on the lateral / sublateral sides (this is variable even within one series). In some specimens the apical angle of the clavus and of the corium, and a spot at the apical margin of the connexival segments, are black; the abdominal tergum with three narrow vittae to the penultimate segment, a narrow fascia connecting the posterior ends of these vittae, and a broad median vitta to the last dorsal segment, and the male genital segment, are fuscous; these abdominal markings are well visible through the translucent membrane. There is also variation in number and intensity of punctures on clavus and corium. In some specimens the clavus has an almost complete row of punctures on its outer margin (e. g., Stanley and Donnybrook in Victoria; Mt Arthur and Launceston in Tasmania; Mt Remarkable and Burra Creek in South Australia). In other specimens this row is more or less incomplete at least in apical third. In others, punctures on the corium are almost indistinct. The labium may extend to middle coxae (Tullarine Well, SA; Normanton, Qld), to middle to hind coxae (Normanton), or to hind coxae (Lake Eyre, SA). Shape of the spermathecal bulb varies from spherical (Nullarbor Plains, SA; all specimens from Victoria), to almost spherical (Tullarine Well), to slightly conical to conical (Normanton; Lake Eyre). Coiling in the male gonoporal process varies from 6 coils (Normanton; Lake Eyre), to 10 – 15 (Tullarine Well), to 15 – 20 in a tightly coiled, extremely long and narrow process (Quilpie, Qld).	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE67C8E1E798CA6B8CAC7FC7A.taxon	materials_examined	Type specimens: Holotype male, South Australia, Lake Eyre N. Campbell Causeway, Sulphur Pen., 29. Oct. 1966, G. F. Gross, in SAM. Paratypes 8 males, 3 females, same data as holotype, one pair dissected, all in SAM. Other specimens: Because of the large number of specimens examined (a few thousand), the number of male and female specimens for each sample has been omitted from the collecting data. There are numerous additional specimens housed in various collections in Australia and overseas that have not been examined or included here. QUEENSLAND: Cunnamulla caravan park, at light around toilet block, 27. xii. 1973, GF Gross Cunnamulla, x. 1941, N Geary, in AM; Dynevor Lakes, 88 km W Eulo, 28 05 S 144 12 E, 27. ix. 1991, G Daniels & GV Maynard, in ANIC; Emerald, on cotton, 28. xi. 1978, G. K. Waite, QDPI. AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL TERRITORY: Cotter River, 7. xii. 1962, DK McAlpine, in AM. NEW SOUTH WALES: Darling River bank, 32 km SSW of Bourke, at light, 26. xii. 1973, GF Gross, in SAM; Gol Gol, on grapevines, 27. xi. 1997, M Ward, same except 11. xii. 1997, in VAIC; Leeton, on apple blossom, 4. x. 1995, D James, in ASCU; Orange, 10. xi. 1988, M Rover, in ASCU; 20 km SE of Mendooran, 31 55 S 149 19 E, on flowers of Leptospermum, 8. xi. 1995, A & G Sundholm, in ANIC; Lawson, Blue Mountains, 16. xi. 1962, DK McAlpine, in AM; Cowra, 29. ii. 1940, CR Wallace, in AM; Breeza, 12. xii. 1978, N Forrester, in ASCU; Eviowie, 60 ml [96 km] N of Broken Hill, ix. 1962, HO Fletcher, in AM.	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE67C8E1E798CA6B8CAC7FC7A.taxon	description	VICTORIA: Cape Otway, 29. xi. 1966, A Neboiss, in MV; Harcourt, on Acacia, x. 1991, D Williams, in VAIC; Mitta River, Dartmouth Survey, 30. xi. 1973, in MV. SOUTH AUSTRALIA: Frome River crossing of Birdsville Track near Marree, at light, 25. x. 1966, GF Gross; Binberrie Hill, Boolcoomata Stn, 24. ix. 1962, P Aitken; Belair, 30. x. 1961, RY Southcott; Lake Eyre N, alive on salt surface, Madigan Gulf, 29. x. 1966, GF Gross; Lake Eyre N, Prescott Point, Madigan Gulf, 26. x – 2. xi. 1968, FJ Mitchell; Mt Davies, at light, 11. xi. 1963, P Aitken & NB Tindale; Near Victory Well, Everard Pk Stn, 3. xi. 1970, GF Gross; Everard Pk Stn E of homestead, on Crotalaria sp., 3. xi. 1970, T Houston; 4 ml [6.4 km] SW Maynard’s Bore, Everard Pk Stn, beating Grevillea sp., 6. xi. 1970, GF Gross; 4 ml [6.4 km] SW Maynard’s Bore, Everard Pk Stn, 5. xi. 1970, E Matthews; Madigan Gulf, Sulphur Pen., L. Eyre N, at light, 7. xi. 1966, GF Gross; Sulphur Pen, Madigan Gulf, L. Eyre N, 30. x. 1966, GF Gross; Olympic Dam site, 2 – 5. xi. 1987, EG Matthews & C. Watts; Kalumurrina Water Hole, at light, 25. xi. 1964, P Aitken; Margaret River, 10 km SE Coward Springs, sweeping, 3. xii. 1974, JA Herridge; 56 km N Maralinga, in mulga habitat, 14. ii. 1971, GF Gross [note a large number of nymphs also collected]; W tip of Petermann Range, at light, 30. x. 1963, P Aitken & NB Tindale; Chambers Gorge, sweeping Acacia, 8. x. 1961, P Aitken; Wirrealpa, 8. x. 1961, P Aitken; Near Aroona Dam on Winday Creek 10 km SW Copley, at light, 24. xi. 1975, GF Gross & V. Potezny; Musgrave River, 25 ml [40 km] Bore, at MV light, 12. ii. 1966, P. Aitken & NB Tindale; Mt Remarkable nr Melrose, sweeping mixed undergrowth in Cucalyptus forest, 17. xi. 1971, JJH Szent-Ivany; Marryat Ck, on main road, at light, 21. xi. 1963, P Aitken & NB Tindale; Teatree Gully, on Pimela sp., 10. x. 1960, RV Southcott; Near Pirie, 17. viii. 1953, GF Gross; N of Mabel Creek, 25. x. 1953, NB Tindale; Belair, by sweeping Nat Park, 22. x. 1965, BK Hubbard & N McFarland; Wallaroo, Nth beach, sweeping flowering ti-tree, 31. i. 1964, GF Gross; Parachilna, Flinders Range, Nat Hist Exp; Melrose, AM Lea; 48 km W Emu Junction, Great Victoria Desert, beating, 8. x. 1976, JA Herridge; Marree Picnic Ground, sweeping grass, 1. xi. 1955, ET Giles; Binberrie Hill, Boolcoomata Stn, 24. ix. 1962, P Aitken; all in SAM. Pine Dams on Myrtle Springs Station, 24 ml [38 km] WNW Leigh Creek, 23. vi. 1964, RO Chalmers, in AM. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Gill Pinnacle, Mural Crescent, at light, 3 – 7. xi. 1963, P Aitken & NB Tindale; Norseman, sweeping tea-tree scrub, 1. xii. 1960, P Aitken; Marble Bar, 31. i. 1972, GR Jones; Kalgoorlie, 30. xi. 1960, P Aitken; Flora Valley Station, 12. x. 1953, NB Tindale; Pilgangoora, Pilbara, 5. v. 1953, NB Tindale; Warren River, WD Dodd; all in SAM. 3 – 4 km E of Giles weather station, 25 0 2 S, 128.18 E, 15. i. 1990, TF Houston & MS Harvey; North Rankin Platform, 140 km off NW mainland, 19. i. 1986, S Keeling; 25 km SW of Tangadee Homestead, 24.25 S 118.56 E, 22. viii. 1984, TF Houston & BP Hanich; 2 km WSW Muggan RH 156 km SW Warburton, 2700 S 125 19 E, 13 – 14. ix. 1982, B Hanich & TF Houston; East Side of Lake Throssell, 27.33 S 124.18 E, 13. ix. 1982, B Hanich & TF Houston; 25 km E of New Yamarna HS 28.10 S 123.41 E, 21. ix. 1982, B Hanich & TF Houston; 8 km WSW Manunda RH 130 km SW Warburton, 26.53 S 125.35 E, 14 – 15. ix. 1982, B Hanich & TF Houston; Wubin, 18. i. 1964, LN McKenna; Nullagine, 19 – 20. i. 1974, AM & MJ Douglas; Moorine Rock, 21 – 22. x. 1978, RP McMillan; Jurien Bay, 12. xii. 1962, AM Douglas; Broome, vi. 1990, RP McMillan; Burrecoppin, 4. xi. 1949, C Jenkins; Giles, 20. vii. 1967, KT Richards; Roberts Range, 24. vii. 1967, KT Richards; Woolgangie, 13. ii. 1974, KT Richards; Blue Bush, Carnarvon, leg AS 2. ix. 53, “ Germalus humeralis GGE Scudder det. 1957; Glenfield dist., Geraldton, ix. 1972, N McFarland; all in WADA. 6 ml [9.6 km] W of Carnarvon, 19. xi. 1945, GP Whitley, ” Germalus pallidus ” det. GGE Scudder, 1958, in AM. NORTHERN TERRITORY: Ross River, 5 km SSW of Lover Ck Stn, 16. x. 1960, B Dally; 8 km E of Jervois, 7. xii. 1960, B Dally; 1.6 km S of Mt Mann, at light, 2. x. 1963, P Aitken & NB Tindale; Ayers Rock, xi. 1980, H Mincham; all in SAM. Description. This species is generally and superficially similar to G. victoriae, but differs from it in the fine punctation and some colouring as follows. Colouration: Generally pale ochraceous (Fig. 27); 4 th antennal segment and median line on clypeus dark; pronotum without a distinct fuscous spot on each humeral angle (Fig. 28). Measurements: are of holotype male, paratype female, followed by ranges of 5 male and 5 female non-type specimens measured within round brackets. Body (Fig. 27): Length including wings 4.73, 5.06 (4.69 – 5.06); maximum width 1.79, 1.92 (1.67 – 1.90). Head: Length of head 0.70, 0.76 (0.57 – 0.66); width across eyes 1.44, 1.46 (1.33 – 1.42); interocular space 0.80, 0.85 (0.73 – 0.85); interocellar space 0.34, 0.41 0.34 – 0.36); eye-ocellar space 0.18, 0.20 (0.18 – 0.20); eye length 0.46, 0.46 (0.41 – 0.46); eye width 0.27, 0.26 (0.24 – 0.27); Labium extending to hind coxae, length of segments: I 0.62, 0.64 (0.50 – 0.59); II 0.59, 0.57 (0.55 – 0.59); III 0.57, 0.60 (0.55 – 0.55); IV 0.48, 0.48 (0.48 – 0.48). Antennae, length of segments: I 0.29, 0.29 (0.27 – 0.32); II 0.62, 0.69 (0.57 – 0.60); III 0.46, 0.48 (0.41 – 0.41); IV 0.57, 0.59 (0.50 – 0.57). Thorax: Punctures on pronotum weak. Pronotum median length 0.98, 1.08 (0.92 – 1.06); width at posterior margin 1.54, 1.63 (1.40 – 1.56). Scutellum length 0.62, 0.64 (0.59 – 0.69); width 0.78, 0.85 (0.71 – 0.80). Hemelytra with clavus hyaline glasslike in distal 2 / 3, with sparse punctures in inner and outer rows, these rows distinct only near basal area, otherwise punctures very weak and indistinct (Fig. 27). Length of hemelytra 3.31, 3.60 (3.31 – 3.62); length of corium 2.30, 2.53 (2.16 – 2.20); claval commissure 0.37, 0.37 (0.34 – 0.39); membrane width 1.25, 1.28 (1.30 – 1.34). Abdomen: Terga impunctate and lightly sclerotized (Figs. 30 & 35), venter shining, impunctate. Female genitalia: Spermatheca (Fig. 32) saccoid, bulb sclerotised and almost conical in shape, with a flange near base sclerotised and unevenly expanded; duct part behind flange wide but gradually narrowing to a uniformly thin tube with 8 – 10 coils, basal part of duct narrow. Ovipositor as in Figs. 33 & 34. Male genitalia: Generally as in G. victoriae (Figs. 37 – 44).	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE67C8E1E798CA6B8CAC7FC7A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. All Australian states and territories except Tasmania, more commonly in arid areas. Notes. Germalus australis can be distinguished from the closely related G. victoriae by a combination of characters, including the generally pale ochraceous body; the pronotum lacking distinct fuscous spots on humeral angles; the punctures on pronotum, clavus, and corium being generally weaker and less distinct (Figs. 27, 28); and the relatively more anteriorly narrowed pronotum (relatively less narrowed and almost parallel-sided in G. victoriae). This species exhibits considerable variation in colour markings, even within specimens from one series or locality. In some specimens the head, pronotum, and scutellum are almost uniformly stramineous to pale ochraceous. The punctures on pronotum are variable: in some specimens they are more conspicuous particularly around the calli and on the anterior lobe than on the posterior lobe, where they are indistinct. In Gill Pinnacle (Western Australia) specimens, the eyes are entirely dark reddish-brown. Roberts Range (WA) specimens are generally slightly darker dorsally on the head and pronotum, and the pronotal punctures are prominent. Some specimens (e. g., Blue Mountains, NSW) have the dorsum of the abdomen (under hemelytra) with more extensive fuscous patches between segments and laterally on each tergum, but the pattern varies considerably within one series. In some specimens (e. g., Gol Gol, NSW, 4 October 1995), the dark spots on the femora are distinct. The male genitalia characters also exhibit some variation. For example, the length of the gonoporal process in NT specimens is short, about 6 coils, but the coils are loose and thin as in a typical G. victoriae.	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE6798E02798CA38CCD93FCC2.taxon	description	Geocoris roseobistriatus Kirkaldy, 1908: 773. Syn. nov.	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE6798E02798CA38CCD93FCC2.taxon	materials_examined	Type specimens: Lectotype female, “ Type ”, “ Townsville Qld 21.10.0 2 F. P. Dodd ”, “ Germalus lineolosus Dist. ”, “ 1903 – 356 ”, designated here, in NHM. Paralectotype male, same data as lectotype, designated here, in NHM. Holotype female, “ Type of Geocoris roseobistriatus Kirkaldy, “ Bundaberg, Q Austr. 9 – 12 1904, “ Coll. Koebele, teneral specimen; part of abdomen, posterior part of scutellum and parts of wings and hind legs damaged, both antennae missing, in BPBM. Syn. nov. Other specimens: NEW SOUTH WALES 2 females (one with head and pronotum missing, dissected), Tamworth, 23. iv. 1981, C Easton, inside communal Pyralid nest in eucalypt, in ASCU. SOUTH AUSTRALIA 1 female, East Parklands, Adelaide, 6. xi. 1965, RV Southcott, Eucalyptus cladocalyx, in SAM. WESTERN AUSTRALIA 1 female, Hamersley Range, 8. ix. 1985, RP McMillan, dissected, in WAM. Redescription. Colouration: Generally ochraceous to pale ochraceous (Fig. 45), with dark punctures, fuscous lines, and blackish suffusions on hemelytra; head pale ochraceous (Fig. 47), with a central longitudinal line, and a shorter line at each ocellus, black; antennae ochraceous, eyes reddish. Pronotum pale ochraceous, darkly punctate, with six longitudinal fuscous lines, two central and four on each lateral area; each pronotal callus with faint dark irregular spot [as in type of G. kinbergi]; scutellum ochraceous, with two medial blackish spots, a transverse line of dark punctures near base, and the apical area darkly punctuate. Corium pale ochraceous, subhyaline, with veins usually darker, and apical area more or less suffused with black; narrow margins of claval commissure, and posterior margin of corium, fuscous; membrane pale fuscous hyaline, veins of membrane usually darker. Femora with broad subapical bands indistinctly darker; connexivum ochraceous, posterior third spotted with rosy red; body beneath and legs ochraceous; lateral areas of sternum thickly darkly punctate; abdomen with a submarginal rosyred, sometimes black, fascia.	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE6798E02798CA38CCD93FCC2.taxon	description	Measurements: are of lectotype female, paralectotype male, followed by ranges of all non-type specimens measured in round brackets. Body: Elongate, subshiny, dorsum covered with appressed pubescence, not with bristles or setae (Fig. 45). Length including wings 5.40, 4.78 (5.00 – 5.70); maximum width 2.07, 1.74 (1.75 – 2.07). Head: Length 0.76, 0.76 (0.63 – 0.73); width across eyes 1.79, 1.71 (1.63 – 1.79); interocular space 1.02, 0.87 (0.89 – 1.03); interocellar space 0.48, 0.38 (0.41 – 0.46); eye-ocellar space 0.26, 0.25 (0.23 – 0.27); eye length 0.52, 0.49 (0.47 – 0.50); eye width 0.37, 0.41 (0.30 – 0.40); Labium extending to about middle coxae, length of segments: I 0.68, 0.57 (0.55 – 0.64); II 0.58, 0.45 (0.46 – 0.50); III 0.57, 0.52 (0.46 – 0.50); IV. 0.46, 0.45 (0.40 – 0.42). Antennae, length of segments: I 0.35, 0.36 (0.30 – 0.34); II 0.75, 0.76 (0.64 – 0.78); III 0.50, 0.45 (0.46 – 0.55); IV 0.64, 0.60 (0.57 – 0.63). Thorax: Pronotum (Fig. 46) about 1.5 times as wide posteriorly as long, lateral margins not parallel, gradually narrowed from posterior to anterior margin; width at anterior margin subequal to median length; dorsally weakly and indistinctly punctate, the punctures shallow and difficult to distinguish particularly towards margins and on posterior lobe. Median length 1.21, 1.14 (1.10 – 1.26); width at posterior margin 1.84, 1.67 (1.63 – 1.80). Scutellum length 0.92, 0.73 (0.71 – 0.92); width 1.03, 0.91 (0.87 – 1.08). Hemelytra with clavus hyaline glass-like in distal 2 / 3, with sparse punctures in inner and outer rows; these rows distinct only near basal area, otherwise punctures very weak and indistinct (Fig. 45). Corium with a line of punctures following claval suture and longitudinal veins. Length of hemelytra 3.90, 3.22 (3.54 – 4.14); length of corium 2.71, 2.30 (2.30 – 2.76); claval commissure 0.50, 0.41 (0.43 – 0.50). Abdomen: Abdominal terga and sterna weakly and almost uniformly sclerotised in pattern as in Figs. 48, 49, 53, 54. Male with internal median apodeme on anterior margin of sternum VII broad and blunt and extending to about middle of sternum VI. Female genitalia: Spermatheca (Fig. 50) with bulb heavily sclerotised and conical in shape, with flange near base sclerotised and indistinct; duct part behind flange short, wide but gradually narrowing to a uniformly thin tube with one twist near base; basal part of duct short and narrow. Ovipositor as in Figs. 51, 52. Male genitalia: Pygophore dorsally covered with long posteriorly directed bristly setae (Fig. 55). Paramere apex slightly fluted and truncated but not pointed (Figs. 60 – 62); near base on ventral aspect, blade with tuft of long bristly setae. Aedeagus as in Figs. 56 – 58; phallotheca with a moderately pigmented broad band, and a heavily sclerotised plate on dorsal aspect; conjunctiva tubular, membranous, gradually narrowed towards upper end. Ejaculatory reservoir (Fig. 59) with body, wings and neck well developed, neck not produced behind body. Vesica without distinct sclerotised lobes. Helicoid process with about 1 ½ coils; ejaculatory duct inside vesica with 3 – 5 turns; gonoporal process beyond helicoid process very short; secondary gonopore simple (Figs. 56 – 58).	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE6798E02798CA38CCD93FCC2.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The species is recorded from Queensland, New South Wales, South Australia and Western Australia. Notes. Germalus lineolosus can be distinguished from the closely related G. victoriae by the darkly punctate, pale ochraceous, pronotum with six rather vague broken longitudinal fuscous lines (two central and four on each lateral area); the broad subapical bands on all femora (indistinctly darker); the ochraceous scutellum with two medial blackish spots, a transverse line of dark punctures near its base, and the apical area darkly punctate; and the very short duct behind the spermathecal bulb. This species has some similarities with G. kinbergi Stål, the type species of the genus Germalus, in general facies and a short duct on the spermatheca; but it differs in having fuscous spots on the scutellum, and lacking a distinct fuscous spot on each humeral angle of the pronotum as well as vague roundish fuscous spots on each pronotal callus.	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE6798E02798CA38CCD93FCC2.taxon	description	Germalus roseobistriatus was considered a synonym of G. victoriae by Cassis & Gross (2002). However, examination of types of these species during the present study has resolved this not to be the case, and the species are hence resurrected from that synonymy. On the other hand, as noted above, G. roseobistriatus is treated now as a synonym of G. lineolosus here ,, primarily based on the colouration of the scutellum and the femora. The specimens of G. lineolosus examined in this study exhibit variation in colour markings and in the density and colour markings of punctures. The punctures on the scutellum and hemelytra are larger and sparser in some specimens. The female specimen from Western Australia shows considerable variation in colour markings from the type series: the body colour is generally stramineous rather than ochraceous; the fuscous lines on the head and pronotum, and the fuscous areas on the scutellum, are more distinct; the four median and submedian lines on pronotum appear continuous and occupy its entire length; and the broad subapical dark bands on the femora (particularly on the hind femora) are more distinct than in the type series.	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE6658E06798CA3D5CB43FE72.taxon	materials_examined	Type specimens: Holotype female, “ Kuranda, Qld May 0 4 F. P. Dodd, “ Type, Germalus coloratus Dist type [in Distant’s handwriting], in NHM. Other specimens: 2 male, 1 female (dissected), Kuranda, 2. i. 1921, FP Dodd; 1 male, 3. i. 1921, same data; 1 male (dissected), ii. 1921, same data, in SAM; 1 male, Cairns dist., AM Lea, in SAM; 1 female, Cairns dist., trapped by sticky seeds of Pisonia brunoniana, FP Dodd, in SAM; 1 female, Bellenden Ker Range, Cableway Base Stn, 100 m, 17. x – 9. xi. 1981, EARTHWATCH / QLD MUSEUM, in QM. Redescription. Colouration (Figs. 63 – 65): Head ochraceous with three black spots: one near apex, and one encircling each ocellus; eyes purplish-red, each eye stalk (Fig. 65) with one irregular fuscous spot; antennae pale ochraceous; tip of labium fuscous; pronotum (Fig. 64) bluish-grey, coarsely darkly punctuate, calli area slightly oblique, impunctate, and ochraceous, posterior angles prominently black; scutellum bluish-grey, prominently ochraceously carinate; corium (Fig. 63) subhyaline with its apical and outer margins narrowly black, reflecting the black abdomen beneath, and lateral margins and some central spots dark ochraceous; body beneath and legs ochraceous.	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE6658E06798CA3D5CB43FE72.taxon	description	Measurements: are of holotype, followed by ranges of all non-type specimens measured within round brackets. Body: Elongate ovate (Fig. 63), length 5.10 (5.15 – 5.30); maximum width 1.84 (1.75 – 1.92). Head: Shiny, particularly between ocelli and eyes; eyes conspicuously stylate, stylate parts (bases) and eyes laterally slightly directed forward, so that an imaginary straight line drawn through posterior margins of eyes does not touch anterior margin of pronotum. Length of head 0.80 (0.87 – 0.89); width across eyes 1.56 (1.56 – 1.58); interocular space 0.81 (0.78 – 0.87); interocellar space 0.32 (0.30 – 0.32); eye-ocellar space 0.28 (0.25 – 0.27); eye length 0.52 (0.49 – 0.55); eye width 0.29 (0.28 – 0.28). Labium extending to mid coxae, length of segments: I 0.69 (0.57 – 0.64); II 0.50 (0.50 – 0.52); III 0.64 (0.59 – 0.59); IV 0.50 (0.43 – 0.50). Antennae with 1 st segment shortest, about half as long as 2 nd segment; length of segments: I 0.39 (0.34 – 0.39); II 0.85 (0.79 – 0.80); III 0.69 (0.57 – 0.60); IV 0.57 (0.71 – 0.75). Thorax: Pronotum (Fig. 64) with lateral margins narrowly carinate and slightly sinuate near middle indistinctly separating anterior and posterior lobes; dorsally coarsely and darkly punctate (except smooth and impunctate calli). Median length 1.15 (1.05 – 1.19); width at posterior margin 1.61 (1.54 – 1.74). Scutellum length 0.73 (0.70 – 0.70); width 0.85 (0.82 – 0.96). Hemelytra with corial punctures obscure, one almost complete row along inner margin, one almost complete submarginal (costal) row, remainder with indistinct punctures; clavus hyaline glass-like in distal 2 / 3, with sparse punctures as follows: one outer row following claval suture almost complete, one inner row distinct only near base and along claval commissure area. Length of hemelytra 3.54 (3.4 – 3.77); length of corium 2.16 (2.39 – 2.48); claval commissure 0.46 (0.41 – 0.41). Abdomen: Below with long pilose setae in addition to pubescence; in males these setae denser and more prominent near median area of abdominal venter (Fig. 72); in females few and sparse (Fig. 67). Trichobothria on sternum III in a loose triangle to linear; those on sternum IV almost linear, varying in spacing and degree of development. Abdominal terga only slightly sclerotised (Figs. 66, 71). Male with internal median apodeme on anterior margin of sternum VII broad and blunt and extending to about middle of sternum VI. Female genitalia: Spermatheca (Fig. 68) short, bulb small, slightly sclerotised and almost conical in shape, with a flange near base sclerotised and unevenly expanded; duct part behind flange wide, gradually narrowing to a uniformly thin tube with 2 – 4 shallow tight twists in basal half; basal part of duct narrow and short. Ovipositor as in Figs. 69, 70. Male genitalia: Paramere (Figs. 77 – 79), with about basal half of blade distinctly wider than apical half which narrows to an acute point; with a tuft of long bristly setae on ventral aspect. Aedeagus (Figs. 74 – 76) with phallotheca moderately pigmented all over in a broad plate particularly on dorsal aspect; conjunctiva tubular, membranous, gradually narrowed towards upper end; neck and body of ejaculatory reservoir not produced posteriorly. Vesica without distinct lobes or processes; helicoid process about 1 – 2 coiled, with irregular sclerotised areas; ejaculatory duct inside vesica with 3 – 4 turns; gonoporal process beyond helicoid process with 3 – 4 small uniform coils; secondary gonopore simple.	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE6658E06798CA3D5CB43FE72.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Only northern Queensland. Notes. There is some variation in colour markings among the specimens examined. For instance, in some specimens the black spots between each eye are almost joined near the base of the head; the median apical black spot on the head may be reduced or incomplete, or even completely lost; the abdomen above may be ochraceous (as in the rest of the abdomen) not black; and outer parts of the first antennal segments may be fuscous.	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE6618E0B798CA195CA00F81E.taxon	materials_examined	Type specimens: Holotype female, Murray Is, N. Qld, 0 9 56 S 144 04 E, 18 – 21. ii. 1987, GK Waite, in QM. Paratypes - 1 male, same data as holotype; 1 male, 1 female, Murray Is, 28. iv. 1986, J Turner; 2 females, Darnley Is, 15. iv. 1985, sweeping, JW Turner, 1 female, same loc., 30. i – 3. ii. 1986; 1 female, Yorke Is, 22. iii. 1984, JW Turner; in QDPI and QM. Other specimens: QUEENSLAND 2 males, Cairns district, Queensland, FP Dodd, in SAM; 1 female, Coen, 14 – 28. v. 1951. C. Oke, in MV. PAPUA NEW GUINEA 2 females, Mt Lamington, 1300 – 1500 ft (ca 395 – 356 m), NE Papua, CT McNamara, in SAM. 1 male, 2 female, Mt Lamington Dist., Northern Division, Papua, i-ii. 1929, CT McNamara, 2 females, same data but no date, in AM.	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE6618E0B798CA195CA00F81E.taxon	description	Description. Colouration: Generally stramineous, dorsally with fuscous broad median band extending from base of head through to end of abdomen including genital segments (Fig. 80), in male including pygophore and adjoining segments and in female a median line along ovipositor; base of head between ocelli, stylate base of head broadly, and tip of labium, fuscous; most of clavus, and inner area of corium, fuscous; eyes reddish-brown. Measurements: are of holotype female, paratype male, followed by ranges of Queensland specimens measured within round brackets. Body: Elongate ovate (Fig. 80), length 5.70, 5.25 (5.06 – 5.47); maximum width 2.20, 1.97 (1.87 – 2.01). Head: Length 0.80, 0.70 (0.73 – 0.80); width across eyes 1.65, 1.63 (1.65 – 1.72); interocular space 0.82, 0.75 (0.80 – 0.92); interocellar space 0.39, 0.39 (0.39 – 0.41); eye-ocellar space 0.24, 0.23 (0.23 – 0.25); eye length 0.56, 0.50 (0.57); eye width 0.35, 0.36 (0.34 – 0.39). Labium extending to middle coxae, length of segments: I 0.57, 0.48 (0.50 – 0.64); II 0.59, 0.50 (0.50 – 0.64); III 0.57, 0.55 (0.52 – 0.60); IV 0.50, 0.48 (0.49 – 0.55). Antennae with 1 st segment shortest, about ½ as long as 2 nd segment; length of segments: I 0.34, 0.32 (0.34 – 0.36); II 0.73, 0.69 (0.66 – 0.73); III 0.56, 0.52 (0.56 – 0.57); IV 0.73, 0.71 (0.69 – 0.74). Thorax: Pronotum with lateral margins narrowly carinate and slightly sinuate near middle indistinctly separating anterior and posterior lobes; punctures obsolete along posterior margin (Fig. 81); median length 1.20, 1.15 (1.15 – 1.26); width at posterior margin 1.61, 1.57 (1.56 – 1.70). Thoracic scent gland evaporative area reasonably developed. Scutellum length 0.71, 0.62 (0.65 – 0.73); width 0.80, 0.73 (0.73 – 0.92). Hemelytra not exposing sides of abdomen; punctures distinct, one almost complete row along inner margin extending a short distance onto posterior margin, one almost complete submarginal row, and one short incomplete row in middle on disc; clavus hyaline glass-like, with coarse punctures as follows: one outer row adjoining corium complete in basal 1 / 2, one inner row adjoining scutellum extending distinctly to commissural area. Length of hemelytra 3.84, 3.50 (3.31 – 3.68); length of corium 2.62, 2.20 (2.18 – 2.50); claval commissure 0.43, 0. 41 (0.40 – 0.46). Abdomen: Ventrally with fine pubescence, in addition medially for entire length with long setae, more prominent in male than in female. Inner laterotergites very narrow (Fig. 88). Dorsal scent gland scars between terga IV – V and V – VI subequal in width, sutures IV – V slightly, and V – VI moderately, curved caudad from margin to meson (Figs. 83, 88). Trichobothrial arrangements as in other species, those on III reduced and almost in a triangle, those on IV subtriangular. Female with tergum uniformly sclerotized except for narrow lateral areas, in pattern as in Fig. 83, and abdominal sternum not sclerotized except slightly along ovipositor and adjoining areas of VII (Fig. 84). Male’s tergum VII with widely spaced incomplete transverse striations. Apodemes on anterior margin of sternum VII with one large flap in middle extending to about 1 / 3 of sternum VI. Trichobothria on sternum III reduced and almost in a triangle; those on IV subtriangular to linear; a broad median abdominal sternum area enclosing these two sets of trichobothria covered with short spinules in addition to long setae. Female genitalia: Spermatheca (Fig. 85) generally short, bulb elongate-spherical in shape, sclerotised, with a flange near base sclerotised and evenly expanded, but not wider than bulb; duct behind flange short, tubular, slightly sclerotised in middle third, slightly lighter near base and apex; basal part with duct short and narrow. Ovipositor very narrow, with first ramus traversing to almost 9 / 10 length of first gonapophysis; second gonocoxae crescentic (Figs. 86, 87). Male genitalia: Pygophore as in Fig. 90, covered with dense brushy setae particularly on dorsal aspect. Paramere (Figs. 95 – 97) sickle shaped, dorsal lobe well developed, ventral lobe indistinct; blade around and above dorsal lobes with a tuft of long setae, tip of blade slightly obliquely truncate and fluted. Aedeagus (Figs. 91 – 93) with phallotheca uniformly lightly sclerotised, in addition heavily sclerotised in a forked plate-like form on dorsal aspect; ejaculatory reservoir with neck, body and wings well developed, body and neck not produced posteriorly. Vesica membranous; helicoid process with large sclerotised areas, with 1 ½ coils, then gradually narrowed. Gonoporal process robust and gradually thickened towards apex, with 2 – 3 loose coils; ending in a blunt, slightly flaring gonopore (Fig. 94).	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE6618E0B798CA195CA00F81E.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Only northern Queensland including Cairns area and the Torres Strait Islands, and Papua New Guinea. Notes. Similar to G. coloratus in the conspicuous fuscous mark on each eye stalk, but easily distinguished from it by the broad dark brown mid-longitudinal dorsal body stripe (Figs. 80 a, 80 b), and the eye stalks which do not slant forwards. There is some variation in intensity and pattern of the colour markings. The broad fuscous band is variable in size, and the band margins may be irregular, particularly on the pronotum. Fuscous markings on the eye stylate area are extensive in some specimens. The fuscous area near the base of the head sometimes extends as a narrow line or band to about one-third of the basal width between ocelli on either side of the midline.	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE66D8E0D798CA0CECF6AF81B.taxon	materials_examined	Type specimens: Holotype female, Queensland, 7941 Yule Point, Cairns-Mossman Road, 27. x. 1966, EB Britton, near mangroves, in ANIC. Paratypes 3 males, 1 female, same data as holotype, in ANIC; 1 male, 1 female, Mackay, mangroves, 19. i. 1967, D McAlpine & G Holloway coll, in AM; 1 male, Cairns dist., AM Lea, in SAM.	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE66D8E0D798CA0CECF6AF81B.taxon	description	Description. Colouration: Body pale stramineous (Fig. 98) with punctures on pronotum, scutellum and hemelytra slightly fuscous; abdominal dorsum, below hemelytra and membrane, with median narrow fuscous patch for entire length; apical segments of labium brown; tip of head with median line on clypeus, and inner lines demarcating jugae, fuscous (Fig. 100). Measurements: are of holotype female, paratype male, followed by ranges of remaining paratype specimens measured within round brackets. Body: Narrow, elongate, parallel-sided (Fig. 98); length 5.42, 4.83 (4.83 – 5.30); maximum width 1.65, 1.44 (1.40 – 1.63). Head: Surface impunctate; anterior of eyes almost parallel-sided (Fig. 100); head width across eyes subequal to body width; eyes stylate with antennifers slightly projecting outward (Fig. 100); bucculae abruptly diminishing behind flaps portion almost to surface of head just posterior of antennifers, continuing as parallel lines before joining in V-form, thereafter continuing as a fine line to base of head; gular area broadly strongly flattened, demarcated, covered with long dense fine setae. Length of head 0.85, 80 (0.78 – 0.82); width across eyes 1.42, 1.38 (1.34 – 1.45); interocular space 0.80, 0.75 (0.73 – 0.82); interocellar space 0.32, 0.27 (0.32 – 0.34); eye-ocellar space 0.24, 0.23 (0.20 – 0.24); eye length 0.46, 0.46 (0.44 – 0.46); eye width 0.27, 0.25 (0.24 – 0.27). Labium robust, extending to mid coxae, 1 st segment almost reaching base of head; length of segments: I 0.57, 0.48 (0.50 – 0.57); II 0.48, 0.46 (0.40 – 0.48); III 0.43, 0.45 (0.43 – 0.46); IV 0.43, 0.40 (0.40 – 0.44). Labrum extending to about ½ length of 2 nd labial segment. Antennae with 1 st segment exceeding clypeus by about 1 / 3, generally short and stout; 4 th segment incrassate, thicker than other segments; basal segment with bristles, remainder with pubescence only. Length of antennal segments: I 0.34, 0.35 (0.34 – 0.40); II 0.59, 0.64 (0.59 – 0.62); III 0.30, 0.30 (0.30 – 0.32); IV 0.57, 0.52 (0.52 – 0.60). Thorax: Pronotum quadrate (Fig. 99), narrowly carinate on lateral margins, slightly concave about middle, calli impunctate, posterior margin straight, sparsely but distinctly punctuate all over except on calli and anterior and posterior margins. Median length 0.98, 0.92 (0.99 – 1.03); width at posterior margin 1.38, 1.26 (1.29 – 1.40). Thoracic pleura densely punctate with dark punctures. Scent gland opening narrow and directed posteriorly, evaporative area narrow. Legs particularly femora shiny, fore femora more incrassate than other femora; all legs covered with minute black spicules irregularly distributed on tibiae and femora, particularly on posterior (outer) and dorsal (upper) surfaces and on apical ½ of mid and hind femora (thus surfaces rubbing against body devoid of spicules). [Note these spicules are present in many other species examined in the present study, but the spicules appear to be more conspicuous by their black colour on a pale background and their density, particularly in this species and in Unicageocoris griseus]. Scutellum length 0.65, 0.62 (0.60 – 0.67); width 0.69, 0.66 (0.66 – 0.71). Hemelytra parallel-sided (Fig. 98); corium with almost three complete rows of punctures: inner row continuing brokenly onto posterior margin, one submarginal row almost complete to tip, and one middle row; clavus parallelsided with faint punctures in two rows: one incomplete row along inner margin continuing onto commissural area, one almost complete row along outer margin becoming indistinct in apical third. Length of hemelytra 3.86, 3.35 (3.35 – 3.68); length of corium 2.53, 2.16 (2.25 – 2.50); claval commissure 0.46, 0.41 (0.43 – 0.46). Abdomen: Narrow and parallel-sided. Inner laterotergites narrow, almost absent. Dorsal scent gland scars between terga IV – V and V – VI subequal in width; sutures moderately curved posteriorly from margin to meson (Figs. 101, 106). Trichobothria on tergum III reduced, in sublinear to triangular series; those on IV reduced, arranged in linear series. Female with tergum almost fully membranous, not sclerotised except for narrow median light fuscous band, as in Fig. 101; abdominal sternum not sclerotised. uniformly covered with short decumbent setae (Fig. 102). Male apodemes on anterior margin of sternum V with a pair of broad flaps on either side of midline (Fig. 107); those on anterior margin of VII with one large flap in middle extending to about anterior ¼ of sternum VI; sternum III with a median pair of minute flaps on anterior margin (Fig. 107). Female genitalia: Spermathecal bulb (Fig. 103) almost spherical, with a flange near base, sclerotised and almost evenly expanded; duct part behind flange short and tubular, with no twists or coils; basal part with duct short and narrow. Ovipositor thin and elongate, 1 st ramus traversing to almost 5 / 6 length of 1 st gonapophysis (Fig. 104); 2 nd gonapophysis narrow, spatulate; 2 nd gonocoxae crescentic (Fig. 105). Male genitalia: Pygophore as in Fig. 108, with brushy long setae. Paramere (Figs. 113 – 115) with acutely pointed sickle-shaped blade, dorsal lobe pointed, ventral lobe indistinct; blade above dorsal lobes with a tuft of long setae. Aedeagus as in (Figs. 109 – 111). Phallotheca moderately sclerotised in a band form near base on ventral aspect; dorsally membranous except for two ill defined heavily sclerotised plates: one small near base, the other large elongate towards apical area near base of vesica. Ejaculatory reservoir (Fig. 112) with neck, body, and wings well developed, body and neck not produced posteriorly. Vesica membranous; helicoid process moderately sclerotised, with 1 ½ coils, then gradually narrowed. Gonoporal process robust, with 2 – 3 coils, ending in a blunt unusually enlarged and flared gonopore (Fig. 112).	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE66D8E0D798CA0CECF6AF81B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Only northern Queensland, commonly collected in the vicinity of mangroves. Notes. The species name alludes to the “ shore (‘ littus’ or ‘ littoris’) habitat from which the type series was collected. This species can be readily distinguished from other species examined in the present study by the narrow, elongate, parallel-sided body (Fig. 98), dorsally impunctate head, broad flattened and pilose gular area, and the quadrate pronotum. Further, the near spherical spermathecal bulb with its short non-coiled duct (Fig. 103), and the flared gonoporal process (Fig. 112), help to diagnose G. littoralis. The Mackay specimens have fuscous brown irregular areas or spots on the antennae and the humeral angles of the pronotum.	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE6688E30798CA605CC22FE5E.taxon	description	Description. Body short, slightly oval (Fig. 116). Head: Clypeus rounded; anterior of frons rather squarish (Fig. 118); ocular sulcus complete; head between eyes almost flat, appearing quadrate, densely covered with coarse punctures (Fig. 118), punctures sparse in apical 1 / 3, head below adjoining eyes sparsely punctate, gular area impunctate and slightly depressed; eyes wrapping around pronotal margin at anterior corners (Fig. 118); bucculae produced near base as flaps, then gradually diminishing posteriorly almost to surface of head, meeting roughly in a Y junction at level of antennifers, thereafter extending as a line to base of head. Labium extending to middle coxae, 1 st segment to base of head. Antennae rather short and robust in comparison with body length; 1 st segment shortest, 2 nd and 4 th segments subequal. Thorax: Pronotum with lateral margins narrowly carinate; width at anterior margin subequal to median length; dorsally coarsely punctate; calli and humeral angles smooth and impunctate (Fig. 117). Thoracic pleura with coarse punctures; metathoracic scent gland opening narrow and directed posteriorly, conspicuously raised above surface; evaporative area well defined. Scutellum wider than long, densely and coarsely punctate basally and on sides, with triradiate impunctate elevation (Figs. 116, 117). Hemelytra macropterous, slightly exceeding abdomen; corium with costal margins parallel to level of apex of scutellum, then gently arcuate, widest at level of base of membrane. Abdomen: Spiracles II – IV dorsal on connexiva, V – VII ventral. Sutures between terga IV – V and V – VI strongly curved caudad from margin to meson, with distinct scent gland scars; scar between V – VI slightly wider. Inner laterotergites present, very pale, obscure. Terga III, IV and V with coarse punctures of variable size on middle area (Fig. 120); terga VI with a few obsolete punctures; terga VII impunctate. Trichobothria on sternum III in a triangle, on IV linear, on V – VII are in full (trichobothrial) complement (3: 3: 2), and in all the inner of the 2 posterior trichobothria is the smallest. Sterna III and IV sublaterally with a few coarse punctures (Fig. 119). Female genitalia: Spermatheca (Fig. 121) with lightly sclerotized bulb; duct short with 2 – 3 loose bends. Ovipositor (Figs. 122, 123) with first ramus traversing to 5 / 6 length of first gonapophysis, and with one row of sparse setae on margin; second gonapophysis spatulate with sparse setae in two rows on dorsal aspect; second gonocoxae crescentic.	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE6688E30798CA605CC22FE5E.taxon	materials_examined	Type species: Capitostylus kurandae Malipatil sp. nov. Notes. This genus is related to Stylogeocoris Montandon, but it can be readily distinguished by the presence of dense coarse punctures on the head between the eyes, and a few sparse coarse punctures arranged in groups on the lateral areas of abdominal sterna III and IV.	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE6578E30798CA1ADCFACFAD6.taxon	materials_examined	Type specimen: Holotype female, “ N. Queensland Kuranda 1100 ft [335 m], June 21 – July 24 1913 R. E. Turner 1913 - 438, in NHM.	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE6578E30798CA1ADCFACFAD6.taxon	description	Description. Colouration: Body above generally shiny dark brown (Fig. 116); anterior margin of frons, midlongitudinal line on pronotum and scutellum, and legs, yellow; basal 1 / 3 – of corium yellowish-brown; membrane slightly lighter than corium; antennae dark brown, with 1 st segment, distal of 3 rd, and most of 4 th segment, light brown; eyes-reddish brown.; abdominal venter pale except for broad dark submarginal bands on either side of midline. Measurements: are of holotype female in millimetres. Body: Length 3.91; maximum width 1.70. Head: Length 0.66; width across eyes 1.67; interocular space 0.96; interocellar space 0.57; eye-ocellar space 0.14; eye length 0.34; eye width 0.57. Labium, length of segments: I 0.40; II 0.34; III 0.39; IV 0.37. Antennae, length antennal segments: I 0.23; II 0.41; III 0.34; IV 0.46. Thorax: Pronotum median length 0.92; width at anterior margin 0.92; width at posterior margin 1.61. Scutellum length 0.71; width 0.89. Hemelytral corium with fine punctures as follows (Fig. 116): an inner row in apical third, an almost complete row just outside of this row, and a row along costal margin deviating slightly away from margin in apical half, and with adjoining groups of irregular fine punctures there; clavus with a few sparse punctures in inner row towards apex, and one almost complete row on outer margin; membrane hyaline, with 5 distinct veins; length of hemelytra 2.99; length of corium 2.53; claval commissure 0.20. Abdomen: All terga uniformly lightly coloured light brown (Fig. 119). Female genitalia: Spermatheca as in Fig. 121. Ovipositor as in Figs. 122, 123.	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE6578E30798CA1ADCFACFAD6.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Queensland.	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE6578E34798CA525CFFEFDE2.taxon	description	Description. Body elongate ovate, appearing shorter and more robust than Germalus. Body above and below generally with sparse and fuscous punctures (Fig. 124). Head: With ocular sulcus complete, with distinct punctures in middle but indistinct elsewhere on head (Fig. 126). Eyes stylate, touching pronotal margin. Bucculae produced near base as flaps to level of base of antennae, then diminish rather abruptly, continuing posteriorly and joining roughly in a V near base of head. Thorax: Pronotum coarsely punctate (except smooth impunctate calli); each callus with a short curved fine, transverse groove on posterior border (Fig. 125). Scent gland opening narrow and directed posteriorly; evaporative area indistinct but punctate. Scutellum distinctly and irregularly punctate all over; with an indistinct median Yshaped laevigate ridge. Hemelytra hyaline, extending well beyond apex of abdomen; corium with costal margin gradually slightly arcuate, widest at middle; punctures in rows only along inner and outer margins, elsewhere in irregular pattern (inner half of corium with large impunctate areas). Clavus with irregular dense punctures all over, except one outer row adjoining corium incomplete in apical 1 / 3, one inner row adjoining scutellum distinct only near base and along claval commissure; membrane hyaline, without distinct veins .. Legs short, femora, particularly fore femora, relatively more incrassate than in Germalus. Abdomen: Spiracles on tergum II on edge of connexivum or appear almost ventral particularly in males, those on III and IV dorsal, on V – VII ventral (Figs. 127, 128, 132, 133). Inner laterotergites narrow (in females much reduced, so obscure). Dorsal scent gland scars set in pale areas surrounded by sclerotised areas; scars between terga IV – V and V – VI subequal in width; sutures between terga IV – V slightly, and V – VI moderately, curved caudad from margin to meson (Fig. 127). Trichobothria on sternum III arranged in a loose triangle to almost linear, those on IV almost linear, varying in spacing and degree of development (sometimes one trichobothrium reduced or absent), those on V – VII are in full (trichobothrial) complement (3: 3: 2), and in all the inner of the 2 posterior trichobothria is the smallest. Male with internal apodeme on anterior margin of sternum VII broad, blunt, and extending to about 2 / 3 length of sternum VI (e. g., Fig. 133). Female genitalia: Spermatheca (Fig. 129) saccoid, bulb lightly sclerotised and almost subspherical in shape, with a flange near base sclerotised and unevenly expanded; duct part behind flange wide, gradually narrowing to a uniformly thin tube with 6 – 8 twists and 3 – 4 loose coils; basal part of duct short and narrow. Ovipositor with first ramus traversing to almost 9 / 10 length of first gonapophysis (Fig. 130). Male genitalia: Aedeagus with gonoporal process beyond helicoid process very thin, with 7 – 10 coils; basal 2 – 3 coils large and loose; apical 5 – 7 coils much smaller and tighter. Secondary gonopore simple (Figs. 135 – 137). Type species: Unicageocoris griseus Malipatil, sp. nov. Notes. This genus differs from all Australian genera by the short curved, transverse, line-like shallow groove on the posterior border of each pronotal callus, and from the genus Germalus in particular by the rather short and robust body, the head dorsally with medial punctures, and by the distinct but irregular punctation all over the scutellum. By possessing shallow impressed grooves on the posterior of the pronotal calli (the character reported present only in the family Lygaeidae [Henry 1997]), this genus can be considered unique [hence its etymology “ unicus ” L. = unique, unusual bug] and its placement in the family Geocoridae is only tentative. However, in other major characters such as reniform eyes and the ventral placement of abdominal spiracles on segments V – VI, it is a member of Geocoridae.	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE6538E37798CA235CD4BFA5B.taxon	materials_examined	Type specimens: Holotype male, White Wells, Nullarbor Plain, 16 – 17. ii. 1972, GF Gross, in SAM. Paratypes: 24 Males, 10 females, same data as holotype, in SAM and VAIC. Other specimens: Because of the large number of specimens examined, the number of male and female specimens for each sample has been omitted from the collecting data. There might be additional specimens housed in various collections in Australia and overseas that have not been examined or included here. SOUTH AUSTRALIA: North Beach Wallaroo, sweeping flowering ti-tree, 31. i. 1964, GF Gross; Along railway line, Melton Siding to South Hummocks, by beating, 10. xi. 1966, HM Cooper; Along railway line Goyder Siding to Bowmans junction, 22. viii. 1967, HM Cooper; River flat opposite Porteo Stn, R Murray, 21. iii. 1973, GF Gross; Murray River, EL Savage; 13 km E Marion Bay, Yorke Pen, 4 – 7. xi. 1981, E Matthews, H & A Howden; Murbko, by beating Enchylaena, 19. ii. 1973, GF Gross; 3 ml [4.8 km] NE Pinery, on Callitris, 10. xii. 1968, NB Tindale & AN McFarland; Mitcham, sweeping shrubs, 5. i. 1979, on herbage, 18. i. 1986, RV Southcott; Normanville, 3 ml [4.8 km] S of foot of coastal cliff, 23. v. 1967, HM Cooper; Dublin beach scrub S of Pt Wakefield, 27. iv. 1974, PB McQuillan; Olympic Dam site, 2 – 5. xi. 1987, EG Matthews & C. Watts; Hallett Cove, 20 km SW of Adelaide, on Melaleuca lanceolata, 13. viii. 1973, PB McQuillan; Pt Arthur, about 400 m inland from shore, on Atriplex paludosa, ii. 1967, HM Cooper; Pt Arthur, low bushes near coast, 22. iv. 1968, HM Cooper; Moolooloo, 2000 ft [609 m], Flinders Range, 1921, HM Hale; Ooldea, AM Lea; Owieandana, N Flinders Ra, Hale & Tindale; Adelaide, 22. xi. 1973, M. Anderson; Teatree Gully, 7. xii. 1958, RV Southcott; SA Rev. A P Burgess; all in SAM. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Balledonia, 3. x. 1977, FM Uther Baker, in SAM; Norseman, sweeping ti-tree scrub, 1. xii. 1960, P Aitken, in SAM; Boorabbin rock, 31 12 S 120 17 E, 20 – 21. i. 1982, B. Hanich & TF Houston, in WAM. NEW SOUTH WALES: 10 ml [16 km] N Broken Hill, sweeping, 8. iii. 1963, K Dansic, in SAM; Gol Gol, vineyard weeds, 10 – 11. xii. 1997, M Ward, in VAIC. VICTORIA: Mildura district, vi. 1998, D Glenn, in VAIC; Red Cliffs, on pistachio, 7. xii. 1995, C. Taylor, in VAIC.	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE6538E37798CA235CD4BFA5B.taxon	description	Description. Colouration: Generally grey to stramineous, with punctures on pronotum (Fig. 125), scutellum, thoracic pleura, and hemelytra, fuscous (Fig. 124); head (Fig. 126) with narrow area surrounding ocelli, and a small patch near base of eyes, fuscous; labium brown, darker towards apex, 4 th segment uniformly fuscous; outer angle of corium, and middle of posterior margin near base of veins, with fuscous spots; head above with indistinct brown punctures; antennae with fuscous markings on 1 st segment, 4 th segment uniformly brown; femora with conspicuous fuscous spots or patches; abdomen (beneath hemelytra) with fuscous markings in a pattern (Fig. 124); posterior areas of each abdominal connexivum fuscous; apices of tarsi, and claws, brown; abdominal venter yellow. Measurements: are of holotype male, paratype female, followed by ranges of 5 male and 5 female paratype specimens measured within round brackets. Body: Length 4.69, 4.96 (4.50 – 5.06); maximum width 1.70, 1.72 (1.70 – 1.93). Head: above with fine and sparse punctures, clypeus rounded and exceeding jugae. Length of head 0.73, 0.75 (0.73 – 0.85); width across eyes 1.79, 1.84 (1.70 – 1.95); interocular space 1.05, 1.15 (1.01 – 1.19); interocellar space 0.50, 0.51 (0.48 – 0.55); eye-ocellar space 0.23, 0.23 (0.20 – 0.25); eye length 0.57, 0.54 (0.46 – 0.57); eye width 0.29, 0.32 (0.30 – 0.39). Labium extending to middle coxae, 1 st segment exceeding base of head; length of segments: I 0.50, 0.54 (0.46 – 0.57); II 0.50, 0.53 (0.50 – 0.53); III 0.46, 0.48 (0.45 – 0.57); IV 0.41, 0.43 (0.42 – 0.48). Antennae short, 1 st and 4 th segments thicker than other segments, covered with short setae; in addition with a few short bristles on 1 st segment and apices of 2 nd and 3 rd segments.; Length of segments: I 0.36, 0.37 (0.34 – 0.39); II 0.57, 0.59 (0.59 – 0.66); III 0.46, 0.46 (0.48 – 0.50); IV 0.55, 0.51 (0.48 – 0.55). Thorax: Pronotum with anterior and posterior margins almost straight, lateral margins narrowly carinate with slight sinuation near middle indistinctly separating anterior and posterior lobes. Median length 1.05, 1.10 (1.03 – 1.19); width at posterior margin 1.63, 1.65 (1.61 – 1.77). Scutellum length 0.71, 0.73 (0.62 – 0.72); width 0.92, 0.85 (0.84 – 0.96). Length of hemelytra 3.35, 3.72 (3.30 – 3.68); length of corium 2.30, 2.39 (2.07 – 2.35); claval commissure 0.37, 0.43 (0.39 – 0.46. All legs covered with minute black spicules irregularly distributed on tibiae and femora, particularly on postero-dorsal surfaces, and on apical half of mid and hind femora (thus surfaces rubbing against body devoid of spicules). Abdomen: Venter obsoletely punctuate and covered with fine pubescence. Female with tergum sclerotised in pattern as in Fig. 127; abdominal sternum of female not sclerotised except slightly medio-anteriorly near base of abdomen (Fig. 128). Male with all terga impunctate, except for finely transversely corrugated (Fig. 132) median area of apical 2 / 3 of tergum VII. Female genitalia: Spermatheca as in Fig. 129. Ovipositor with second gonapophysis narrow, spatulate, with sparse minute setae along margins; second gonocoxae crescentic (Figs. 130, 131). Male genitalia: Pygophore (Fig. 134) posteriorly gradually rounded, lacking processes; foramen in dorsal view with a minute notch near middle. Paramere (Figs. 139 – 141) with dorsal flange more prominent than ventral lobe; covered with long setae; blade broadly pointed, sickle-shaped. Aedeagus (Figs. 135 – 137) with phallotheca moderately and uniformly sclerotised in a band, more prominently on dorsal aspect; conjunctiva tubular, membranous, gradually narrowed towards upper end. Body, wings and neck of ejaculatory reservoir (Fig. 138) well developed; body produced behind neck into sclerotised wing-like transverse processes, on either side. Vesica with lightly sclerotised lobes, indistinct in shape and number; ejaculatory duct inside vesica with 2 – 3 turns. Helicoid process with sclerotized areas, about 1 ½ coils, gradually narrowed towards apex.	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE6538E37798CA235CD4BFA5B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Only Western Australia, South Australia, New South Wales and Victoria. Notes. The species name alludes to its rather grey “ griseus ” body colour. Although. U. griseus and G. littoralis both have minute spicules on parts of the femora (present in many species of Germalus) more conspicuous as they are black and dense, U. griseus is easily distinguished from it and all other known species of Australian Geocorinae by the transverse groove on the posterior border of the pronotal calli. There is considerable variation in intensity and pattern of colouration in the specimens of U. griseus examined. Punctation may be light to fuscous on a contrastingly pale background. In some specimens the humeral angles of the pronotum have fuscous spots or patches; in others the posterior lobe has fuscous spots. Punctures on the corium may vary considerably in size and intensity of colour. Another variation observed is the occasional presence of broad sublateral fuscous stripes on the abdominal venter.	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE6508E3B798CA5ACCB7BF8F5.taxon	description	Description. Body obovate, flat, somewhat broadly expanded above, widest across abdominal segments II – IV (Fig. 142). Head: Coarsely punctuate all over dorsal surface (Fig. 144); gular area flattened. Bucculae produced near base as flaps, then narrow, gradually diminishing posteriorly almost to surface of head, then continuing as two parallel lines on flattened surface. Antennae generally robust. Thorax: Pronotum gradually markedly widened from anterior to posterior, with lateral margins explanate and narrowly carinate for entire length (Fig. 143); lateral margins almost straight; posterior margin almost straight. Pronotal disc coarsely and uniformly punctuate except on smooth and impunctate calli. Punctures on pleura and venter slightly less conspicuous, those on meso- and meta-thoracic pleura finer and almost indistinct. Thoracic scent gland opening narrow and directed posteriorly. Scutellum coarsely punctate all over except on median laevigate ridge. Hemelytra not exceeding abdomen; corium with costal margin arcuate (body widest across middle). Corial punctures variable from distinct to obscure: one complete row along inner margin, continuing to about middle of posterior margin; one submarginal row distinct only in basal third; remainder of corium with irregular fine punctures. Clavus with obscure punctures as follows: one almost complete outer row; one inner row following claval suture and then turning to claval apex (distinct for almost entire length); a third middle row closer to outer row, incomplete at base; in addition with a few scattered punctures on disc between middle and inner rows. Abdomen: Spiracles on abdominal segments III and IV dorsal, V – VII ventral, II ventral and located on edge of sternum in both male and female (e. g., Fig. 150). Inner laterotergites narrow, elongate. Suture between terga IV – V straight, suture between V – VI moderately curved posteriorly from margin to meson. Dorsal scent gland scars between terga IV – V and V – VI subequal in width (Fig. 145). Trichobothria on sternum III in a loose triangle, those on IV almost linear, varying in spacing and degree of development (sometimes one trichobothrium reduced or absent), those on V – VII are in full (trichobothrial) complement (3: 3: 2), and in all the inner of the 2 posterior trichobothria is the smallest. Female genitalia: Spermatheca (Fig. 147) with bulb conical, narrowed to a rounded tip, slightly sclerotised; with a flange near base sclerotised and not wider than bulb; duct part behind flange short, tubular and not sclerotised; basal part with duct short and narrow. Male genitalia: Paramere with blade sickle-shaped and apically narrowed to rather truncate tip and slightly fluted (Figs. 157 – 159) Aedeagus with gonoporal process thick, with about one coil in helicoid process, then about 1 ½ large coils; secondary gonopore broad and slightly flaring (Figs. 153 – 155).	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE6508E3B798CA5ACCB7BF8F5.taxon	materials_examined	Type species: Ausogeocoris westraliensis Malipatil, sp. nov. Notes. Ausogeocoris differs from all Australian geocorid genera in having the following combination of characters: flat explanate body dorsally, widest at about abdominal segments II – IV; pronotum gradually markedly widened from anterior to posterior; head coarsely punctuate all over its dorsal surface (Fig. 144); gular area flattened; corium almost uniformly finely punctate all over its surface; spiracle of abdominal segment II ventral on sternum; and the suture between sterna IV – V almost straight and not curved.	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE6508E3B798CA5ACCB7BF8F5.taxon	description	Ausogeocoris westraliensis Malipatil, sp. nov. (Figs. 142 – 159)	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE6508E3B798CA5ACCB7BF8F5.taxon	materials_examined	Type specimens: Holotype female, Mundaring Weir, Western Australia, 15. v. 1963, J. Dell, in WAM; paratypes – 1 male, 1 female, same datas as holotype, in WAM; 1 male, 2 female, Yanchep, WA, 16. x. 1964, FH UtherBaker, in SAM; 2 females, Doconing Road, Beechina WA, 19. ix. 1988, RP McMillan, in WAM; 1 female, 10 km WSW of Point Malcolm 33.48 S 123.46 E, 15 – 18. i. 1982, WA, B Hanich & TF Houston, in WAM; 1 female, Walyunga National park, WA 10. xii. 1981, FH UtherBaker, in SAM. Other specimens: 1 female, Gingin, WA, 9. ix. 1969, AJ Lawrence, in WADA; 1 female, King George’s Sound, WA, in AM.	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE6508E3B798CA5ACCB7BF8F5.taxon	description	Description. Colouration: Generally ochraceous (Fig. 142); eyes shiny reddish-brown (Fig. 144). Corium with one small fuscous spot on middle of posterior margin. Antennae with apical area of 1 st, apical 2 / 3 of 2 nd, apex of 3 rd, and most of 4 th, segments darker than remainder. All punctures dark. Female with a fuscous median abdominal line along ovipositor. Measurements: are of holotype female, paratype male, followed by ranges of remaining paratype specimens measured within round brackets. Body: Obovate (Fig. 142). Length 6.20, 5.90 (5.52 – 6.20); maximum width 2.30, 2.10 (2.07 – 2.20). Head above, pronotum, scutellum, clavus, and corium, densely covered with coarse punctures. Head: Triangular, explanate, eyes almost touching pronotum. Length of head 1.10, 0.92 (0.92 – 1.01); width across eyes 1.49, 1.40 (1.44 – 1.56); interocular space 0.89, 0.73 (0.73 – 0.89); interocellar space 0.46, 0.34 (0.36 – 0.46); eye-ocellar space 0.24, 0.23 (0.23 – 0.24); eye length 0.64, 0.59 (0.56 – 0.60); eye width 0.25, 0.23 (0.23 – 0.27). Labium stout, extending almost to hind coxae; length of segments: I 0.80, 0.73 (0.73 – 0.89); II 0.73, 0.69 (0.0.64 – 0.78); III 0.73, 0.69 (0.69 – 0.75); IV 0.52, 0.50 (0.50 – 0.52). First antennal segment with half its length extending beyond tip of clypeus, 4 th segment slightly incrassate. Length of antennal segments: I 0.41, 0.39 (0.40 – 0.44); II 1.03, 0.88 (0.87 – 1.05); III 0.80, 0.72 (0.73 – 0.80); IV 0.69, 0.69 (0.66 – 0.70). Thorax: Pronotum as in Fig. 143; median length 1.33, 1.15 (1.15 – 1.33); width at anterior margin 0.94, 0.91 (0.92 – 0.92); width at posterior margin 1.88, 1.61 (1.65 – 1.84). Scutellum length 0.89, 0.85 (0.79 – 0.85); width 1.03, 1.01 (0.96 –. 01). Length of hemelytra 4.35, 4.14 (3.86 – 4.37); length of corium 3.08, 2.80 (2.80 – 3.08); claval commissure 0.62, 0.52 (0.52 – 0.60). Legs long, fore femora slightly more incrassate than middle and hind femora. Abdomen: Female with abdominal dorsum uniformly sclerotised except for a broad median area covering terga IV – VII, and narrow posterior areas of II and III in patterns as in Fig. 145; abdominal sternum not sclerotized (Fig. 146). Trichobothria on segments III and IV reduced and in sublinear formation (sublinear to subtriangular on IV). Male with abdominal dorsum sclerotised in pattern as in Fig. 150. Small pale oblique rather oval spots on dark background present in middle of lateral margin of each abdominal terga II – V. Apodeme on median anterior margin of VII broad, plate-like, extending to about 1 / 3 of segment VI; Sternum III with a pair of small flap-like apodemes on median area of anterior margin. Female genitalia: Spermatheca as in Fig. 147. Ovipositor narrow and linear, with first ramus traversing to almost 9 / 10 length of first gonapophysis; second gonapophysis long, narrowed to distal end (Figs. 148, 149). Male genitalia: Pygophore as in Fig. 152. Paramere (Figs. 157 – 159), with blade sickle-shaped, tip slightly truncated and fluted; with tuft of long setae near base of blade above the broadly rounded dorsal lobe; ventral lobe inconspicuous. Aedeagus (Figs. 153 – 155) with phallotheca moderately sclerotised, more on dorsal aspect. Ejaculatory reservoir (Fig. 156) with wings, body, and neck well developed, body not produced posteriorly. Vescia and conjunctiva membranous, with membranous unsclerotised lobes. Helicoid process with 1 – 2 broad loose coils, narrowing to a thick gonoporal process; secondary gonopore broad and conspicuously flaring (Fig. 156).	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
03F0879DE6508E3B798CA5ACCB7BF8F5.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Only Western Australia. Notes. A. westraliensis is distinguished from all Australian species of Germalus, Geocoris, and Stylogeocoris by the presence of coarse punctures over the dorsal surface of head. In this species and Germalus littoralis gular area is flattened, but, in addition to the punctate head character, A. westraliensis is distinguished from the elongate parallel-sided G. littoralis by its obovate body shape. Body colour was variable among the specimens examined. Point Malcolm specimens have three longitudinal fuscous lines on the head, six such lines (more or less complete) on the pronotum, and punctures darker.	en	Malipatil, M. B., Blacket, M. J. (2013): Review and revision of Australian Germalus Stål, with new genera and further new species of Australian Geocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocoridae). Zootaxa 3746 (2): 257-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.2.3
