taxonID	type	description	language	source
03E987C0C66DFFFFACFBE3A20637FE96.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — MÉXICO. Oaxaca: District Huajuapan, municipality Santo Domingo Tonalá, 2 km S of Santo Domingo Tonalá, on the highway Santo Domingo Tonalá-Juxtlahuaca, 17 ° 38´35 ´´ N, 97 ° 52´21 ´´ W, 1423 m elevation, 9 September 2012, J. Gutiérrez & R. Ríos 1410 (holotype, MEXU!; isotypes, FEZA!, IEB!, UAMIZ!, NY!). Perennial herbs, up to 60 cm high. Corm 1.5 ‒ 2.5 × 1.5 ‒ 2.0 cm, subglobose, slightly compressed, covered by grey, membranous leaf bases which extend about 4 cm up the inflorescence stem below the leaves rosette; roots fibrous, somewhat fleshy. Leaves dark green, semiterete in transversal section, 3 – 4 per rosette, 34 ‒ 60 × 0.1 ‒ 0.2 cm, linear, rough with prominent parallel veins and acute apex. Inflorescence stem 33 ‒ 65 × 0.15 cm, terete, glabrous or scaberulous at its base. Bracts narrowly triangular, 4, located at the base of the umbel, (3.5 ‒) 5 ‒ 6 × (0.5 ‒) 2.0 ‒ 2.5 mm, 3 - nerved; bracteole one per flower, 5.0 × 1.5 mm. Inflorescence an umbel with 3 ‒ 25 flowers, pedicels 2.0 ‒ 4.5 cm long, spreading to suberect with a conspicuous geniculate joint. Flowers tubular, descendent and nodding, 6 - merous; perigone reddish-orange with a yellow tinge and purple margins in the lobes, perigone tube 1.0 ‒ 2.0 cm long, with three depressions at the base; tepals lobes imbricated, biseriate, shorter than the tube, entire, acute, papillose, reddish with purple margin and a greenish-yellow middle line; outer lobes 4.5 ‒ 6.5 × 1.5 ‒ 2.5 mm, ovate; inner lobes 4 ‒ 6 × 2.0 ‒ 2.7 mm, obovate. Stamens 6, adnate to the perigone and arising at the mouth of the perigone tube; free portion of filaments white, 1.0 ‒ 1.5 mm long, filiform, wider towards the base; anthers blue, 2.0 × 0.7 mm, lanceolate, dorsifixed. Gynophore (6.5 ‒) 10.0 ‒ 15.0 mm, radially adnate to perigone tube, developing three cavities. Ovary superior, ovoid, 3 ‒ 4 × (1.0 ‒) 1.8 mm, adnate for ¼ of its length to the tube; style 4.5 ‒ 7.5 mm long, filiform; stigma 3 - lobed, papillose. Fruit a capsule, erect, loculicidal, ovoid, 10.0 × 6.0 ‒ 8.0 mm, brown, glabrous, enclosed by the persistent remnants of the perigone. Seeds 3.0 × 2.0 mm, irregularly ellipsoid, laterally compressed, black, shiny, reticulated (Fig. 2 a ‒ c). Habitat: — Petronymphe rara inhabits tropical deciduous forest on gypsum soils.	en	Gutiérrez, Jorge, Terrazas, Teresa, Solano, Eloy (2016): Petronymphe rara a new species of Oaxaca, Mexico and the rediscovery of P. decora (Asparagaceae: Brodiaeoideae). Phytotaxa 269 (2): 113-119, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.269.2.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.269.2.4
03E987C0C66DFFFFACFBE3A20637FE96.taxon	distribution	Distribution: — It is distributed in the Sierra Madre del Sur, in the state of Oaxaca in elevations between 1400 and 1500 m.	en	Gutiérrez, Jorge, Terrazas, Teresa, Solano, Eloy (2016): Petronymphe rara a new species of Oaxaca, Mexico and the rediscovery of P. decora (Asparagaceae: Brodiaeoideae). Phytotaxa 269 (2): 113-119, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.269.2.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.269.2.4
03E987C0C66DFFFFACFBE3A20637FE96.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — The specific epithet of the new species ‘ rara’ is derived from the Latin word rare, meaning “ rare ” because its distribution is limited to a small geographical area. Phenology: — Petronymphe rara blooms from July to August and fruits appear from August to September. Paratypes: — MÉXICO. Oaxaca, District Huajuapan, municipality Santo Domingo Tonalá. Tropical deciduous forest, on the hills, 27 August 2008, A. Torres-Hernández & L. Hernández 194 (MEXU!, SERO!). Culebra hill on the top, 13 September 2008, A. Torres-Hernández & L. Hernández 294 (1260399, MEXU!, SERO!). De la Cuchara gully, 7 October 2008, L. Hernández & A. Torres-Hernández 444 (1281904, MEXU!, SERO!). 2 km south of Santo Domingo Tonalá, adjacent to the gypsum mine, along the highway Huajuapan-Juxtlahuaca. 28 July 2012, J. Gutiérrez et al. 1272 (MEXU!, FEZA!, JES!, IEB!, UAMIZ!, NY!). Conservation status: — The new species is only known from Santo Domingo Tonalá and its surroundings. Its populations are abundant but localized. In addition, the area where it is distributed has been decreed recently as Flora and Wildlife Boquerón de Tonalá Protected Area by the Mexican government (CONANP 2013). It is urgent to generate the required information to be able to assign this species to one of the IUCN categories.	en	Gutiérrez, Jorge, Terrazas, Teresa, Solano, Eloy (2016): Petronymphe rara a new species of Oaxaca, Mexico and the rediscovery of P. decora (Asparagaceae: Brodiaeoideae). Phytotaxa 269 (2): 113-119, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.269.2.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.269.2.4
03E987C0C66FFFFFACFBE3820075FAA8.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — Petronymphe decora H. E. Moore. Perennial herbs. Corms covered by the membranous leaf bases. Leaves 3 ‒ 6 disposed in a basal rosette, obtriangular or semiterete in transversal section, fistulous at the base, linear, equal to or longer than the inflorescence axis, margins with obtuse or acute prominences. Bracts 3 ‒ 4, membranous, bracteole one per flower. Inflorescence an umbel with 3 ‒ 25 flowers, pedicels articulated and geniculate at the flower joint. Flowers tubular, descendent and nodding, long pedunculated, with three depressions at the base, tube longer than the tepal lobes; tepals resupinate to descendent, 3 - nerved. Stamens 6, filaments adnate to the tube and arising at its mouth, flared towards the base; anthers shorter or almost half the length of the free portion of filaments, dorsifixed introrse, longitudinally dehiscent. Gynophore radially adnate to perigone tube, developing three cavities. Ovary adnate ¼ of its length to the tube, trilocular; style filiform; stigma 3 - lobed, papillose. Fruit an erect, loculicidal capsule. Seeds ca. 20, irregularly ellipsoid, laterally compressed, black, shiny, reticulated (Fig. 2 b, e).	en	Gutiérrez, Jorge, Terrazas, Teresa, Solano, Eloy (2016): Petronymphe rara a new species of Oaxaca, Mexico and the rediscovery of P. decora (Asparagaceae: Brodiaeoideae). Phytotaxa 269 (2): 113-119, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.269.2.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.269.2.4
03E987C0C66FFFF9ACFBE5B902B6FE22.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — MEXICO. Guerrero: Km 337 ‒ 338, outside Acahuizotla in the highway to Acapulco, 13 September 1949, H. E. Moore 5105 (holotype BH!). Perennial herbs, up to 50 ‒ 60 cm high. Corm 1.5 ‒ 2.2 × 1.5 ‒ 2.5 cm, subglobose, slightly compressed, covered by grey, membranous leaves bases, covering up to 2.5 cm of the lower base; roots fibrous, some fleshy. Leaves 4 ‒ 6, light green, obtriangular in transversal section, 45 ‒ 75 × 0.3 ‒ 0.5 cm, linear, with hyaline prominences on the parallel veins and acute apex. Inflorescence stem 45 ‒ 60 × 0.3 ‒ 0.4 cm, terete, glabrous. Bracts triangular 3 ‒ 4, 7.5 ‒ 8.0 × 2.2 ‒ 2.5 mm, 3 - nerved; bracteole one per flower, 6.0 × 1.5 mm. Inflorescence an umbel with 3 ‒ 14 flowers, pedicels 5.5 ‒ 8.5 cm long, with a conspicuous joint with flowers. Flowers tubular, descendent and nodding, 6 - merous; perigone yellow-green, perigone tube 4.0 ‒ 5.5 cm long, with three depressions in the base; tepals lobes imbricated, biseriate, shorter than the tube, entire, papillose, with a green middle line; outer lobes 11 ‒ 13 × 3.5 ‒ 4.0 mm, narrowly elliptic, with acute apex; inner lobes 11 ‒ 13 × 4.0 ‒ 5.0 mm, elliptical, with obtuse apex. Stamens 6, filaments adnate to the tube and arising at the mouth of the tube, free portion of filaments filiform, flared towards the base, white, 3.5 ‒ 6.5 mm long; anthers blue, (2.0 ‒) 3.5 ‒ 4.5 × 0.6 ‒ 0.8 mm, sagittate, dorsifixed. Gynophore 10 ‒ 15 mm long, radially adnate to the perigone tube, developing three cavities. Ovary superior, ovoid, 7.0 ‒ 9.0 × 2.5 ‒ 3.0 mm, adnate along ¼ of its length to the tube; style 35 ‒ 42 mm long, filiform; stigma 3 - lobed, papillose. Fruit a capsule, erect, loculicidal, ovoid, 15 ‒ 17 × 10 mm, brown, glabrous, enclosed by the persistent remnants of the perigone and erect. Seeds 6.0 × 3.0 mm, irregularly ellipsoid, laterally compressed, black, shiny, reticulated (Fig. 2 b). Habitat: — Petronymphe decora inhabits semi-deciduous forests at an elevation of ca. 700 m.	en	Gutiérrez, Jorge, Terrazas, Teresa, Solano, Eloy (2016): Petronymphe rara a new species of Oaxaca, Mexico and the rediscovery of P. decora (Asparagaceae: Brodiaeoideae). Phytotaxa 269 (2): 113-119, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.269.2.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.269.2.4
03E987C0C66FFFF9ACFBE5B902B6FE22.taxon	distribution	Distribution: — It is distributed in the Sierra Madre del Sur, in the state of Guerrero. Phenology: — Petronymphe decora blooms from August to September and fruits appear from September to October. Other specimens examined: ― MÉXICO. Guerrero: Municipality Chilpancingo de Los Bravo, km 337 ‒ 338, beyond Acahuizotla on highway to Acapulco, cultivated at Ithaca, 2 August 1952, H. E. Moore 6468 (2262319, US!); Ibidem, cultivated at Ithaca, 14 October 1958, H. E. Moore 6937 bis (2262319, US!); Guerrero: Municipality Chilpancingo de Los Bravo, 1 km after the highway junction Acapulco-México, along the road to Acahuizotla, 18 ° 05´01 ´´ N, 99 ° 04´54 ´´ W, 19 August 2012, 721 m elevation, J. Gutiérrez & R. Ríos 1350 (MEXU!). Conservation status: — The species is only known from the vicinity of Acahuizotla. A single population is known that does not exceed 30 individuals covering ca. 100 m 2. The Acahuizotla region is part of the priority area for the conservation of Mexican dry forests ecoregions in the dry forests of the Mexican Pacific (Ceballos et al. 2010). Based on these data the species can be assigned to the Critical Risk IUCN category. However, a demographic study is needed.	en	Gutiérrez, Jorge, Terrazas, Teresa, Solano, Eloy (2016): Petronymphe rara a new species of Oaxaca, Mexico and the rediscovery of P. decora (Asparagaceae: Brodiaeoideae). Phytotaxa 269 (2): 113-119, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.269.2.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.269.2.4
