taxonID	type	description	language	source
03EA87C8143AFF8A5D53FE97FAF21D76.taxon	description	Branchinella Smirnov, 1948	en	Rogers, D. Christopher (2003): Revision of the thamnocephalid Genus Phallocryptus (Crustacea; Branchiopoda; Anostraca). Zootaxa 257: 1-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.156887
03EA87C8143AFF8A5D53FE97FAF21D76.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Fully extended penes short, extending to the base of the second post­genital abdominal segment. Basal portion of penes rigid and may be tuberculate ventrally. Rigid basal portion of penes with a distal­medial patch of recurved spines. Distal eversible portion of penes soft, expanded in the distal third. Eversible portion of penes with medial surface bearing a longitudinal row of papillae like spines, and the ventral surface with a longitudinal ridge bearing large papillae like spines. Dorsal surface of extended penes with a small cluster of spines on the distal fourth. Penal apex a conical projection, directed medially, subtended by three large spines. Brood pouch sub­conic to pyriform, extending to the base of the second or third post­genital segment. Male abdomen spinose ventro­laterally. Male second antennae attached anteriorly on head, partially fused and projecting ventrally. Distal segment of second antennae arcuate. Female second antennae lamellar, with acute apicies, with the basal­medial margins projecting and partially connected. Resting cysts spherical, with shallow subcircular to slit shaped impressions. Phallocryptus wrighti type species. Three species occur in the Americas, Africa, and western Eurasia.	en	Rogers, D. Christopher (2003): Revision of the thamnocephalid Genus Phallocryptus (Crustacea; Branchiopoda; Anostraca). Zootaxa 257: 1-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.156887
03EA87C8143AFF8C5D53F91DFE811CF9.taxon	description	Branchinella wrighti Smirnov, 1948	en	Rogers, D. Christopher (2003): Revision of the thamnocephalid Genus Phallocryptus (Crustacea; Branchiopoda; Anostraca). Zootaxa 257: 1-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.156887
03EA87C8143AFF8C5D53F91DFE811CF9.taxon	description	Female. First antennae nearly twice as long as second antennae, or eye plus stalk. Second antennae joined basal­medially, slightly produced medially. Brood pouch sub­globular, tapering posteriorly to apex. Apex produced half way along first abdominal segment. Gonopore produced ventro­distally, with dorsal “ lip ” longer than ventral lip. Each abdominal segment with a small ventro­lateral spine, directed ventro­laterally. Resting cyst: Sub­spherical with shallow sub­oval depressions, separated by thin ridges. Micrograph of cyst in César (1989).	en	Rogers, D. Christopher (2003): Revision of the thamnocephalid Genus Phallocryptus (Crustacea; Branchiopoda; Anostraca). Zootaxa 257: 1-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.156887
03EA87C8143AFF8C5D53F91DFE811CF9.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality. Las Encadenadas, near Saavedra, Buenos Aires Provence, Argentina Type. The types are apparently lost. Cotypes (accession numbers 13490 and 13491) were deposited by Biraben (1951) at the Museo de Ciencias Naturales de La Plata in La Plata City, Buenos Aires Province.	en	Rogers, D. Christopher (2003): Revision of the thamnocephalid Genus Phallocryptus (Crustacea; Branchiopoda; Anostraca). Zootaxa 257: 1-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.156887
03EA87C8143AFF8C5D53F91DFE811CF9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. North and central Argentina in the Buenos Aires, Catamarca, Cordoba, La Pampa, La Rioja, and San Juan Provinces. Habitat. Saline lakes and pools.	en	Rogers, D. Christopher (2003): Revision of the thamnocephalid Genus Phallocryptus (Crustacea; Branchiopoda; Anostraca). Zootaxa 257: 1-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.156887
03EA87C8143AFF8C5D53F91DFE811CF9.taxon	description	Activity Period. March, December.	en	Rogers, D. Christopher (2003): Revision of the thamnocephalid Genus Phallocryptus (Crustacea; Branchiopoda; Anostraca). Zootaxa 257: 1-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.156887
03EA87C8143AFF8C5D53F91DFE811CF9.taxon	discussion	Comments. P. wrighti co­occurrs with Thamnocephalus (Simplicephalus) salinarum Cohen, 2002 (Cohen et al., 1999; Cohen, 2002), and occurs in pools adjacent to habitats occupied by Dendrocephalus cervicornis (Weltner, 1890). Conservation status. This species is sufficiently widespread, with no known immediate threats and is designated here as a species of “ Least concern ” (IUCN, 2000).	en	Rogers, D. Christopher (2003): Revision of the thamnocephalid Genus Phallocryptus (Crustacea; Branchiopoda; Anostraca). Zootaxa 257: 1-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.156887
03EA87C8143AFF8C5D53F91DFE811CF9.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: ARGENTINA: La Rioja / San Juan Province Border: Ditch on north side of Highway 141, at the 85 km marker, west of Chapes, 1 female, 8 March 1987, K. Reading. Córdoba Province: Salinas Grandes, 2 males, 2 females, 19 December 1998, S. Vernet.	en	Rogers, D. Christopher (2003): Revision of the thamnocephalid Genus Phallocryptus (Crustacea; Branchiopoda; Anostraca). Zootaxa 257: 1-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.156887
03EA87C8143CFF8E5D53FA62FB681F59.taxon	description	Branchinella sp. Sublette & Sublette, 1967 Branchinella sp. Sissom, 1971 Branchinella sp. Horne, 1974	en	Rogers, D. Christopher (2003): Revision of the thamnocephalid Genus Phallocryptus (Crustacea; Branchiopoda; Anostraca). Zootaxa 257: 1-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.156887
03EA87C8143CFF8E5D53FA62FB681F59.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Male: Cephalic appendages absent. First antennae three to four times as long as eye plus stalk. Second antennal proximal segment subequal in length to first antennae, subcylindrical, medial surface with small spines. Second antennal distal segment twice as long as proximal segment, arcuate, curving medially, and tapering to an acute apex. Medial surface of distal segment with a longitudinal row of small denticulate spines. Praeepipodite entire. Ventral surface genital segments without tubercles. First abdominal segment (first post­genital segment) without a medial­ventral spine – like projection on the distal margin of the segment. Each abdominal segment with a stout, distal, ventro­lateral spine, directed ventro­laterally.	en	Rogers, D. Christopher (2003): Revision of the thamnocephalid Genus Phallocryptus (Crustacea; Branchiopoda; Anostraca). Zootaxa 257: 1-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.156887
03EA87C8143CFF8E5D53FA62FB681F59.taxon	description	Female. First antennae nearly four times as long as eye plus stalk, subequal in length to second antennae. Second antennae nearly joined basal­medially, slightly produced medially. Second antennae lamellar, bearing a basal­lateral slightly elevated region with scattered spines, apex tapering to a sub­acute tip. Brood pouch triangulate­pyriform, with paired basal­lateral and a single basal­medial projection. Each brood pouch projection is directed ventro­posteriorly. Brood pouch extends to the third or fourth abdominal segment, tapering posteriorly to apex. Gonopore produced distally, with dorsal “ lip ” longer than ventral lip. Abdominal segments without ventral­lateral spines. Resting cyst: Sub­spherical with shallow sub­oval depressions, with a slit shape in the base of each depression. Depressions are separated by thin ridges.	en	Rogers, D. Christopher (2003): Revision of the thamnocephalid Genus Phallocryptus (Crustacea; Branchiopoda; Anostraca). Zootaxa 257: 1-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.156887
03EA87C8143CFF8E5D53FA62FB681F59.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality. USA, Texas, a saline playa (pan) near Tahoka. Type. Holotype, allotype, and paratypes (USNM­ 143958, 143959 and 143960, respectively) deposited at the USNM.	en	Rogers, D. Christopher (2003): Revision of the thamnocephalid Genus Phallocryptus (Crustacea; Branchiopoda; Anostraca). Zootaxa 257: 1-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.156887
03EA87C8143CFF8E5D53FA62FB681F59.taxon	distribution	Distribution. USA, Texas, Lynn, Terry and Gaines Counties on the Llano Estracado (the northwestern Texas highlands) (Sublette & Sublette, 1967; Horne, 1974), and Hudspeth County (Belk & Sissom, 1992). New Mexico: Otero County at Crow Flats (Rogers & Lang, in prep). The saline habitats at Crow Flats are nearly contiguous with the Hudspeth County, Texas saline pools. This species may also occur in México. Habitat. Ephemeral saline lakes and pools.	en	Rogers, D. Christopher (2003): Revision of the thamnocephalid Genus Phallocryptus (Crustacea; Branchiopoda; Anostraca). Zootaxa 257: 1-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.156887
03EA87C8143CFF8E5D53FA62FB681F59.taxon	description	Activity Period. August to October, depending upon rain fall.	en	Rogers, D. Christopher (2003): Revision of the thamnocephalid Genus Phallocryptus (Crustacea; Branchiopoda; Anostraca). Zootaxa 257: 1-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.156887
03EA87C8143CFF8E5D53FA62FB681F59.taxon	discussion	Comments. Coocurrs with Branchinecta campestris Lynch, 1960 (Sublette & Sublette, 1967), Artemia franciscana Kellogg, 1906 and Streptocephalus texanus Packard, 1871 (Horne, 1974). Conservation status. This species appears to be relictual, currently reported from only seven sites in Texas and New Mexico (Sublette & Sublette, 1967; Horne, 1974; Belk & Sissom, 1992; Rogers & Lang, in prep). As it stands, this species meets the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) red list criteria for designation as a VU 2 D 2 species (IUCN, 2000). That is to say, this taxon is vulnerable due to the population being very small and restricted, that may be prone to the effects of human activities or stochastic events within a short period of time.	en	Rogers, D. Christopher (2003): Revision of the thamnocephalid Genus Phallocryptus (Crustacea; Branchiopoda; Anostraca). Zootaxa 257: 1-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.156887
03EA87C8143CFF8E5D53FA62FB681F59.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: USA: NEW MEXICO: Otero County: Crow Flats, numerous cysts, 20 September 2000, D. C. Rogers, B. K. Lang. TEXAS Hudspeth County: Crow Flats at Highway 82 / 180, 30 males, 30 females, 23 September 1986, D. Belk.	en	Rogers, D. Christopher (2003): Revision of the thamnocephalid Genus Phallocryptus (Crustacea; Branchiopoda; Anostraca). Zootaxa 257: 1-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.156887
03EA87C8143EFF815D53F918FD4918E9.taxon	description	Brendonck & Riddoch, 1997; Brtek & Thiéry, 1995; Daday, 1910; Gauthier, 1933; Hamer, 1994, 1999; Linder, 1941; Margalef, 1947; Moscatello et al., 2002; Mura, 1985; 1987; 1999; 2001; Mura et al., 1999; Mura & Del Cado, 1992; Mura & Hadjistephanou, 1987; Mura & Takami, 2000; Saadi, 1983; Thiéry, 1987; Thiéry & Puente, 2002; Thiéry & Puff, 1998; Vekhov, 1993; Thiéry, 1996; Vekhov & Vekhova, 1990. Branchinella media Pesta, 1921 “ Branchinema aculeata ” Wolf (undescribed types deposited at Zoological Museum of Berlin (fide Forró & Brtek 1984)	en	Rogers, D. Christopher (2003): Revision of the thamnocephalid Genus Phallocryptus (Crustacea; Branchiopoda; Anostraca). Zootaxa 257: 1-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.156887
03EA87C8143EFF815D53F918FD4918E9.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Male: Cephalic appendage short, less than one third the length of the second antennal basal segment, situated anteromedially between bases of second antennae. Cephalic projection projecting ventrally, apex bifurcated into two short, truncate branches. First antennae three times as long as eye plus stalk. Second antennal proximal segment subequal in length to first antennae, subcylindrical, medial surface smooth. Second antennal distal segment twice the length of the proximal segment, arcuate, curving posteriorly, and tapering to an acute apex. Praeepipodite entire. Ventral surface of first genital segment smooth. Second genital segment with a distolateral, sub­conical, tubercle directed posteriorly. First abdominal segment (first post­genital segment) with a pair of large, medial­ventral, ventrally directed, acute, spines and a single ventrolateral, posterioventrally directed spines on the distal margin of the segment. Each abdominal segment with a large ventrolateral spine, directed ventro­laterally, distally. Abdominal segments I, II and sometimes III with distal margin bearing a small pair of ventrally directed spines.	en	Rogers, D. Christopher (2003): Revision of the thamnocephalid Genus Phallocryptus (Crustacea; Branchiopoda; Anostraca). Zootaxa 257: 1-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.156887
03EA87C8143EFF815D53F918FD4918E9.taxon	description	Female. First antennae as long as eye plus stalk. Second antennae joined basal­medially, produced medially. Brood pouch sub­cylindrical, tapering posteriorly to apex. Apex projecting half way along second abdominal segment. Gonopore produced ventro­distally, with dorsal “ lip ” longer than ventral lip. Abdomen smooth. Resting cyst: Sub­spherical with shallow angular depressions separated by thin ridges. Each depression “ pinched ” in middle by ridges. Micrograph of cyst in Brendonck & Riddoch (1997).	en	Rogers, D. Christopher (2003): Revision of the thamnocephalid Genus Phallocryptus (Crustacea; Branchiopoda; Anostraca). Zootaxa 257: 1-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.156887
03EA87C8143EFF815D53F918FD4918E9.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality. Ukraine, Odessa, Hadjibe Salt Lake. Type. The types are apparently lost.	en	Rogers, D. Christopher (2003): Revision of the thamnocephalid Genus Phallocryptus (Crustacea; Branchiopoda; Anostraca). Zootaxa 257: 1-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.156887
03EA87C8143EFF815D53F918FD4918E9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Ukraine, Afghanistan, Kazakhstan (Daday, 1910 a; Linder, 1941; Vekhov, 1993; Brtek & Thiéry, 1995), Iran (Mura & Takami, 2000), south to Oman (Thiéry, 1996) west to the Iberian Peninsula (Alonso, 1985, 1996), through the Mediterranean Basin (Brtek & Thiéry, 1995; Thiéry, 1987; Mura & Hadjistephanou, 1987; Mura, 1985; 1987; 1999; 2001; Mura et al., 1999; Thiéry & Puff, 1998; Abatzopoulos et al., 1999), north Africa (Thiéry, 1987; Hamer, 1994), south to Botswana (Hamer, 1994, 1999; Brendonck & Riddoch, 1997). Habitat. Permanent saline lakes and temporary saline pools (Mura & Hadjistephanou, 1987; Hamer, 1994; Brendonck & Riddoch, 1997). Vekhov & Vekhova (1990) reported P. spinosa in waters with 5 ­ 35 % salinity. Vekhov (1993) reports that Russian populations occur in habitats on ‘ marigenous sand­clay saline soils’ that were formed by the retreat of ancient warm seas.	en	Rogers, D. Christopher (2003): Revision of the thamnocephalid Genus Phallocryptus (Crustacea; Branchiopoda; Anostraca). Zootaxa 257: 1-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.156887
03EA87C8143EFF815D53F918FD4918E9.taxon	description	Activity Period. February through April north of the equator, September through November south of the equator.	en	Rogers, D. Christopher (2003): Revision of the thamnocephalid Genus Phallocryptus (Crustacea; Branchiopoda; Anostraca). Zootaxa 257: 1-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.156887
03EA87C8143EFF815D53F918FD4918E9.taxon	discussion	Comments. Co­occurs with Artemia sp. (Gauthier, 1933; Margalef, 1947; Cottarelli & Mura, 1974; Saadi, 1983; Mura & Hadjistephanou, 1987; Mura, 1985; 1987; 1999; Mura et al., 1999; Thièry & Puff, 1998), Streptocephalus sp. (Brendonck & Riddoch, 1997), and material at the USNM is mixed with Branchinectella media Schmankewitsch, 1873 (USNM­ 102320). The molar surface described by Mura & Del Cado (1992). Conservation status. This species is sufficiently widespread, with no known immediate threats and is designated here as a species of “ Least concern ” (IUCN, 2000).	en	Rogers, D. Christopher (2003): Revision of the thamnocephalid Genus Phallocryptus (Crustacea; Branchiopoda; Anostraca). Zootaxa 257: 1-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.156887
03EA87C8143EFF815D53F918FD4918E9.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: ALGERIA: Djelfa: Boughzoul, 20? 20?, 2 November 1991, L. Beladjal, DCR­ 298. BOTSWANA: Bechuanaland: Makarikari Salt Pan, 3? 5?, 1 May 1957, D. H. Eccles, USNM­ 102320.	en	Rogers, D. Christopher (2003): Revision of the thamnocephalid Genus Phallocryptus (Crustacea; Branchiopoda; Anostraca). Zootaxa 257: 1-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.156887
