identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03ED87D9FFB1BE42A9D1A411FDE6667B.text	03ED87D9FFB1BE42A9D1A411FDE6667B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cyanallagma Kennedy 1920	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Cyanallagma Kennedy 1920</p>
            <p>Figures 1 a–2a; 3a–b; 4a; 6; 9–14; 30–37; 54–59; 95–97; 102; 105–106</p>
            <p> Cyanallagma Kennedy 1920: 87 (diagnosis; designation of  Acanthagrion interruptum Selys 1876 as type species). </p>
            <p> Bulla 1973: 95–104, figs. 1–21 (discussion of generic diagnosis, redescription of adults of  C. bonariense and  C. interruptum and description of larvae, illustration of diagnostic characters). </p>
            <p>Davies 1981: 5 (generic listing with type species listed).</p>
            <p>Davies &amp; Tobin 1984: 66 (synonymic list).</p>
            <p>De Marmels 1988: 100 (synonymy of Archaeallagma).</p>
            <p>De Marmels 1989: 246–248 (generic characterization).</p>
            <p>Bridges 1994: III.13 (synonymic list).</p>
            <p> De Marmels 1997: 135–156, figs. 1–85 (generic diagnosis, keys, maps, and illustrations for northern species, description of the larva of  C. gaianii ). </p>
            <p>Steinmann 1997: 247 (synonymic list).</p>
            <p>Tsuda 2000: 31 (synonymic list).</p>
            <p>Lencioni 2001: 345–349, figs. 1–14 (generic key and illustrations for southern species).</p>
            <p> De Marmels 2003: 103–106, figs. 8–16, 21 (description of  C. ferenigrum , illustrations of male S10, genital ligula, head, thorax, and S1–2, S7–10, pt, male and female posterior prothoracic lobe, map, discussion of generic placement). </p>
            <p>Lencioni 2006: 25, 33, fig. B7 (key to Brazilian genera; diagnosis).</p>
            <p> Type species:  Acanthagrion interruptum Selys 1876 by original designation (Kennedy 1920: 87). Other species included:  C. angelae Lencioni 2001 ,  C. bonariense (Ris 1913) ,  C. ferenigrum De Marmels 2003 ,  C. nigrinuchale (Selys 1876) , and  C. trimaculatum (Selys 1876) . </p>
            <p> Specimens examined.  C. angelae (2 ɗ, 1 Ψ). BRAZIL. São Paulo State: Salesópolis, 2.xi.2001, F.A.A. Lencioni leg., 2 ɗ, 1 Ψ (RWG). </p>
            <p> C. bonariense (9 ɗ, 3 Ψ). ARGENTINA. Buenos Aires Prov.: Arroyo Caracol Chico, N of Berisso, 23.xi.1979, C.M. &amp; O.S. Flint, Jr. leg., 1 ɗ, 2 Ψ (RWG); Berisso, 24.ii.1989, G. Jurzitza leg., 1 ɗ (RWG); Villa Elisa, 26.xi.1979, C.M. &amp; O.S. Flint, Jr. leg., 3 ɗ (RWG); Campana, Delta del Paraná, San Fernando, 8.i.1999, J. Muzón &amp; N. von Ellenrieder leg., 3 ɗ, 1 Ψ (MLP). Córdoba Prov.: Arroyo Las Vacas, Embalse Río Tercero, 24.xi.1981, A. Rodrigues Capítulo leg., 1 ɗ (MLP). </p>
            <p> C. ferenigrum (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ). BRAZIL. Mato Grosso State: Utiariti, viii.1961, K. Lenko leg., 1 ɗ holotype, 1 Ψ paratype (ABMM). </p>
            <p> C. interruptum (21 ɗ, 10 Ψ). CHILE. Aisén Region: 19 km N de Puerto Ibáñez, 590 m, 22.i.1992, J. Muzón leg., 2 ɗ, 1 Ψ (RWG); same 1 ɗ (MLP). Osorno Region: Maicolpue, spring-fed pools, 22.xii.1993, C.M. &amp; O.S. Flint, Jr. leg., 1 ɗ (RWG). de los Lagos Region: Cuesta Moraga, 9 km N Villa Santa Lucía, 24.i.1987, C.M. &amp; O.S. Flint, Jr. leg., 3 ɗ (RWG); 10 km SW Futaleufú, 28.i.1987, C.M. &amp; O.S. Flint, Jr. leg., 1 ɗ, 1 Ψ (RWG); Lago Lonconao, just W of Futaleufú, 17.i.1987, R.W. Garrison leg., 10 ɗ, 2 Ψ (RWG); Ensenada, 12-14.xii.1926, R.C. &amp; E.S. Shannon leg., 1 ɗ (RWG). Malleco region: Cordillera de Nahuelbuta, marsh N of Coimalín, 16.xii.1993, C.M. &amp; O.S. Flint, Jr. leg., 1 ɗ, 1 Ψ (RWG). Maule Region: Reloca, S of Constitución, damp area near road, 16.xii.1976, Gurney &amp; Barria leg., 3 ɗ, 1 Ψ (RWG). Valparaiso region: Valparaiso, M. Mac Lachlan leg., 1 ɗ lectotype (BMNH); same data 1 ɗ, 1 Ψ paralectotypes (IRSNB). ARGENTINA. Santa Cruz Prov.: El Calafate, Ayo. Los Perros (estepa extra-andina), 19.i.1992, J. Muzón leg., 1 ɗ (RWG). Chubut Prov.: Esquel, Laguna La Zeta, 19.i.1989, J. Muzón leg., 2 Ψ (RWG); Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, charca camino a Los Alerces, 24.i.1988, J. Muzón leg., 2 ɗ (RWG); Languineo, pond and stream nr. Tecka, by route 62, 680 meters, 16.i.1995, R.W. Garrison leg., 11 ɗ, 5 Ψ (RWG). Neuquen Prov.: Ruca Malén, 23 km N Villa La Angostura, 29.xii.1993, C.M. &amp; O.S. Flint, Jr. leg., 1 Ψ (RWG); P.N. Lanín, Lago Queñi, 7.ii.1999, J. Muzón &amp; P. Marino leg., 1 ɗ, 1 Ψ (MLP). Río Negro Prov.: Meseta de Somuncurá, Valcheta, Ea. El Rincón, 28.i.1999, J. Muzón &amp; N. von Ellenrieder leg., 1 ɗ (MLP); Laguna Cari Lafquen Chica, Aguada, 4.ii.1999, J. Muzón &amp; P. Marino leg., 1 ɗ, 1 Ψ (MLP). </p>
            <p> C. nigrinuchale (3 ɗ, 6 Ψ). In order to clarify application of the name, we designate the syntype male from Brazil, Minas Gerais, São João del Rei, xi.1872, Walthère de Selys leg. as lectotype, and the 5 Ψ syntypes with the same data as paralectotypes (IRSNB). BRAZIL: São Paulo State: Fazenda Santana do Rio Abaixo, Jacareí, 1-6.xi.1999, F.A.A. Lencioni leg., 2 ɗ (RWG); same but 8.xii.1998, 1 Ψ (RWG). ARGENTINA. Misiones Prov.: Parque Nacional Iguazú, 13.iv.1991, J. Muzón leg., 1 Ψ (RWG); San Pedro, junction of Rt. Nac. 14 and 17, charca, 12.iv.1991, J. Muzón leg., 1 ɗ (RWG). </p>
            <p> C. trimaculatum (4 ɗ, 2 Ψ). BRAZIL. Rio Grande do Sul State: Santa Cruz, 10.x., Walthère de Selys leg., 1 ɗ lectotype, 2 ɗ paralectotypes (IRSNB). Rio de Janeiro State: Teresópolis, 20.x., Walthère de Selys leg., 1 ɗ, 2 Ψ paralectotypes (IRSNB). </p>
            <p> Generic characterization. Head. Dorsum dark brown to black with pale blue postocular spots, pale postocular bar usually absent (present in some females of  C. interruptum and  C. angelae ), rear of head surrounding occipital foramen black (Fig. 1 a) to entirely dark brown in  C. ferenigrum and black in  C. nigrinuchale . Frons rounded, occipital lobes protruding posteriorly so that posterior most point of head is at their level (Figs. 3 a–b). </p>
            <p> Thorax. Posterior lobe of pronotum trilobate with medial lobe developed into a caudally projected plate, especially in males (Figs. 9 a–14a), not projected beyond lateral lobes in females of  C. interruptum ,  C. nigrinuchale , and  C. trimaculatum (Figs. 9 b; 13b–14b). Female mesostigmal plates triangular and wide, each with maximum width of less than 0.5 of maximum length (in  C. interruptum , Fig. 9 c) to rectangular and narrow, each with maximum width of more than 0.5 of maximum length (in  C. angelae ,  C. bonariense ,  C. ferenigrum ,  C. nigrinuchale , and  C. trimaculatum , Figs. 10 c–14c); mesepisternal carinae arising between mesostigmal plates, anteriorly to their postero-medial edges in  C. interruptum (Fig. 13 c), at posterior edges of mesostigmal plates in  C. angelae ,  C. bonariense ,  C. ferenigrum ,  C. nigrinuchale , and  C. trimaculatum (Figs. 10 c–14c). Pterothorax with dark brown to black mid-dorsal and humeral stripes and usually a dark brown to black stripe over metapleural (metepimeral-metepisternal) suture (absent in some specimens of  C. interruptum and  C. bonariense ), with pale blue antehumeral stripe (occasionally lacking in some  C. interruptum ) usually interrupted distally (Figs. 105–106) but complete in  C. trimaculatum and some females of  C. interruptum and  C. angelae . Legs short with femur 1 shorter than distance between eyes at level of antennifer (ratio = 1; Fig. 3 a), tibial spurs shorter than or as long as distance between them (Figs. 3 a–b), pretarsal claw with well developed supplementary tooth. Wings hyaline, CuP reaching CuPAA proximal to hind margin of wing for a distance as long as CuP or shorter, vein descending from quadrangle not forming a straight line to wing margin (Fig. 6). </p>
            <p> Abdomen. Black and blue and pale yellow (Fig. 4 a), relatively short with a ratio of 3.27–4.27 to length of head plus thorax. Genital ligula distal segment lacking inner fold, with paired latero-apical and latero-medial lobes (Figs. 30–37), with one or two ental membranous transverse folds distal to flexure, one between mediolateral lobes and the second between medio-lateral lobes and flexure (Figs. 31; 34c), one of them usually projected into a medial membranous process, which might be folded and hidden in lateral view and is entire in  C. angelae ,  C. bonariense ,  C. interruptum ,  C. nigrinuchale , and  C. trimaculatum (Figs. 31; 33–37), and bifid in  C. ferenigrum (Fig. 32). Second segment of genital ligula lacking wide latero-apical folds with sclerotized margins (Figs. 30–37). Postero-dorsal margin of male S10 with a 'u'-shaped cleft margined by a pair of tubercles in  C. angelae ,  C. bonariense ,  C. interruptum ,  C. nigrinuchale , and  C. trimaculatum (Figs. 54; 56–59), lacking tubercles in  C. ferenigrum (Fig. 55). Male cercus always with a short ventro-basal process (Figs. 54– 59); also with a broadly triangular ventro-apical process only in  C. ferenigrum and  C. interruptum (Figs. 54– 55). Male paraproct with a branch ending on a sclerotized tip, dorsal in  C. angelae ,  C. bonariense ,  C. nigrinuchale , and  C. trimaculatum (Figs. 54 a–b; 56–58b; 59c), and medial in  C. ferenigrum (Fig. 55). Female with vulvar spine on S8; ovipositor slightly shorter to slightly longer than S10, not reaching tips of cerci. </p>
            <p> Generic diagnosis. No unique characters are known for  Cyanallagma . The combination of a rounded frons, presence of pale postocular spots, a trilobate prothoracic posterior lobe, striped pterothorax, and male cerci armed with some kind of process is common to  Apanisagrion Kennedy 1920 ,  Chrysobasis Rácenis 1959 a,  Hesperagrion Calvert 1902 ,  Homeoura Kennedy 1920 , some species of  Ischnura Charpentier 1840 ,  Leptobasis Selys 1877 ,  Mesamphiagrion ,  Oreiallagma , and  Telagrion . </p>
            <p> Cyanallagma differs from  Mesamphiagrion and  Oreiallagma by having the rear of head surrounding occipital foramen dark (Fig. 1 a) and by the male cercus lacking a dorsal process (Figs. 54–59). The three genera are further diagnosed in Table 2.  Cyanallagma can be separated from all the remaining genera mentioned above except  Hesperagrion and some  Ischnura species by its most posterior point of the head located at the level of the postocular lobes (Figs. 3 a–b) rather than at the level of eyes (as in Fig. 5). </p>
            <p> The following characters will separate  Cyanallagma from  Hesperagrion : male cercus lacking a dorsal process, postero-dorsal margin of S10 with a 'u'-shaped cleft margined by a pair of tubercles (Figs. 54–59), genital ligula lacking a pair of large lateral chitinized spines (Figs. 30–37), and female mesanepisterna with well developed carinae forming distinct ridges (Figs. 9 c–14c).  Cyanallagma differs from  Ischnura by having a ventro-basal process in male cercus (Figs. 54–59), genital ligula distal segment with paired latero-apical and latero-medial lobes, lacking an inner fold, with distal corners not projected into flagellae (Figs. 30–37), and female mesanepisterna with well developed carinae forming distinct ridges (Figs. 9 c–14c). </p>
            <p> Remarks. A patch of differentiated scalariform-like cuticle apparently occurs in all species except  C. ferenigrum . We confirmed its presence in  C. interruptum with SEM (Fig. 95) and the same appears as a pale corrugated area surrounded by dense setation when viewed at high magnification (&gt;100x) under a binocular microscope in  C. angelae ,  C. bonariense ,  C. nigrinuchale , and  C. trimaculatum as well as in  Oreiallagma oreas ,  O. prothoracicum , and  O. quadricolor (Figs. 52; 56–59; 87–89). Since the only available male of  C. ferenigrum was the holotype, we did not subject it to SEM examination. However, the appearance of its cercus under the binocular microscope with a pale spot lacking dense setation and with no evident corrugation (Fig. 55) is like the cerci of  Mesamphiagrion laterale and  Acanthagrion lancea Selys , both of which we examined with SEM, and confirmed a lack of any differentiated scalariform-like cuticular areas. </p>
            <p> According to Lencioni (pers. comm.) immature adults of  C. angelae are purplish for some hours after emergence before acquiring the blue color characteristic of adults. </p>
            <p>Distribution. Southern South America from southern Chile and Argentina to central Brazil, from 0 to 1450 m above sea level (Fig. 102).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03ED87D9FFB1BE42A9D1A411FDE6667B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ellenrieder, Natalia Von;Garrison, Rosser W.	Ellenrieder, Natalia Von, Garrison, Rosser W. (2008): Oreiallagma gen. nov. with a redefinition of Cyanallagma Kennedy 1920 and Mesamphiagrion Kennedy 1920, and the description of M. dunklei sp. nov. and M. ecuatoriale sp. nov. from Ecuador (Odonata: Coenagrionidae). Zootaxa 1805: 1-51, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182666
03ED87D9FFB6BE5AA9D1A559FCD46723.text	03ED87D9FFB6BE5AA9D1A559FCD46723.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mesamphiagrion Kennedy 1920	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Mesamphiagrion Kennedy 1920 stat. rev. </p>
            <p>Figures 1 b; 2b–c; 3c–f; 4b–e; 7; 15–24; 38–48; 60–84; 98–100; 103; 107–109</p>
            <p> Mesamphiagrion Kennedy 1920: 87 (diagnosis; designation of  Enallagma occultum Ris 1918 as type species). </p>
            <p>St. Quentin 1960: 52 (key).</p>
            <p>Davies 1981: 6 (generic listing with type species listed).</p>
            <p>Davies &amp; Tobin 1984: 75 (synonymic list).</p>
            <p>De Marmels 1989 (redefinition).</p>
            <p>Bridges 1994: III.29 (synonymic list).</p>
            <p>Steinmann 1997: 278 (synonymic list).</p>
            <p>Tsuda 2000: 39 (synonymic list).</p>
            <p> Archaeallagma Kennedy 1920: 87 (diagnosis; designation of  Enallagma ovigerum Calvert 1909 as type species). — syn. nov. </p>
            <p> Lieftinck 1949: 204 (summary of similarities among  Protallagma / Archaeallagma /  Oreagrion ). </p>
            <p> Davies 1981: 5 (as synonym of  Enallagma ). </p>
            <p>Davies &amp; Tobin 1984: 65 (synonymic list).</p>
            <p> De Marmels 1988: 100 (synonymy with  Cyanallagma ). </p>
            <p> De Marmels 1989: 250 (discussion of synonymy with  Cyanallagma ). </p>
            <p> Bridges 1994: III.5 (as synonym of  Cyanallagma ). </p>
            <p>Steinmann 1997: 245 (synonymic list as valid genus).</p>
            <p> Tsuda 2000: 202 (as synonym of  Cyanallagma ). </p>
            <p> Cyanallagma Kennedy 1920: 87 (in part; inclusion of  Acanthagrion laterale Selys 1876 ). </p>
            <p>Davies &amp; Tobin 1984: 66 (in part, synonymic list).</p>
            <p>De Marmels 1989: 246–248 (generic characterization).</p>
            <p>Bridges 1994: III.13 (in part, synonymic list).</p>
            <p>Steinmann 1997: 247 (in part, synonymic list).</p>
            <p> De Marmels 1997: 135–156, figs. 1–85 (in part, generic diagnosis, keys, maps, and illustrations for northern species, description of the larva of ' C. '  gaianii ). </p>
            <p>Tsuda 2000: 31 (in part, synonymic list).</p>
            <p> De Marmels 2007: 96–110, figs. 111–122 (description of larvae of ' C. '  laterale and ' C. '  tamaense ). </p>
            <p> Type species:  Enallagma occultum Ris 1918 by original designation (Kennedy 1920: 87). </p>
            <p> Other species included:  M. demarmelsi (Cruz 1986) comb. nov. ,  M. dunklei sp. nov. ,  M. ecuatoriale sp. nov. ,  M. gaianii (De Marmels 1997) comb. nov. ,  M. laterale (Selys 1876) comb. nov. [syn  Argia ternaria Navás 1934 , syn  Argia trina Navás 1934 ],  M. ovigerum (Calvert 1909) comb. nov. [  Argia hebdomatica Navás 1934 ,  syn. nov. ],  M. risi (De Marmels 1997) comb. nov. ,  M. tamaense (De Marmels 1988) comb. nov. , and  M. tepuianum (De Marmels 1997) comb. nov. . </p>
            <p> Specimens examined.  M. demarmelsi (1 ɗ). COLOMBIA. Cundinamarca Dept.: 11 km N of Bogotá, 8.iii.1969, P.P. Spangler leg., 1 ɗ (RWG). </p>
            <p> M. dunklei (31 ɗ, 11 Ψ). ECUADOR. Napo Prov. See details under species account. </p>
            <p> M. ecuatoriale (4 ɗ, 2 Ψ). ECUADOR. Napo Prov. See details under species account. </p>
            <p> M. gaianii (2 ɗ). VENEZUELA. Trujillo State: Ancient road Boconó-Trujillo, Páramo La Cristalina, 29.viii.1991, J. De Marmels leg., 2 ɗ paratypes (RWG). </p>
            <p> M. laterale (26 ɗ, 8 Ψ). VENEZUELA. Mérida State: 17 km E of La Azulita, 26.vii.1989, T.W. Donnelly leg., 3 ɗ (TWD); same data but 1 ɗ (RWG); same data but 3 ɗ (FSCA); Carbonera, 31.xii.1960, J. Rácenis leg., 1 ɗ (FSCA). COLOMBIA. Boyacá Dept.: La Pica, 13.ii / 3.iii.1917, M.A. Carriker leg., 12 ɗ, 3 Ψ (RWG); Santuario de Fauna y Flora de IGUAQUE, near Arcabuco, 1.viii. 1991, J. Delgado leg., 2 Ψ (TWD, RWG); same data but 1.ix.1991, 1 Ψ (TWD); same data but 1.x.1991 (C. Rodrigues), 1 Ψ (TWD); Cauca Dept.: Nueva Granada, M. Mac Lachlan leg., 1 ɗ lectotype (BMNH); same data 2 ɗ paralectotypes (IRSNB). Santander Dept.: La Unión, 1 ɗ holotype of  Argia trina Navás 1934 (FSCA). Cundinamarca Dept.: Quetame, vii.1912, 1 ɗ syntype of  Argia ternaria Navás 1934 (UMMZ); Pensilvania, 1913, 1 ɗ syntype of  Argia ternaria Navás 1934 (NHMP); Choachí, viii.1916, 1 Ψ syntype of  Argia ternaria Navás 1934 (NHMP). </p>
            <p> M. occultum (3 ɗ). COLOMBIA. Cundinamarca Dept.: Parque Nacional Chingaza, Quebrada La Playa, 9.xi.2003, O. Realpe &amp; M. Beltrán leg., 1 ɗ (RWG); same data but Churca Ludeck, 20.ix.2003, 2 ɗ (RWG).  M. ovigerum (3 ɗ). COLOMBIA. Cundinamarca Dept.: Santa Fe de Bogotá, 1863, Lindig leg., 1 ɗ holotype (MCZ); Pensilvania, 1913, 1 ɗ lectotype  A. hebdomatica (MNHP); Boyacá Dept.: Arcabuco, Santuario de Flora y Fauna de Iguaque, 2400-3600 m, 16.xi.1991, M. Roa leg., 1 ɗ (DRP). </p>
            <p> M. tamaense (11 ɗ, 1 Ψ). COLOMBIA. Boyacá Dept.: La Pica, 9-14.ii.1917, M.A. Carriker leg., 11 ɗ, 1 Ψ (RWG). </p>
            <p> Generic characterization. Head. Color of dorsum dark reddish brown to black with pale blue to olive postocular spots, usually no pale postocular bar but present in some specimens of  M. laterale ; rear of head surrounding occipital foramen pale (Fig. 1 b). Frons rounded, occipital lobes protruding posteriorly so that most posterior point of head is at their level (Figs. 3 c–e). Thorax. Posterior lobe of prothorax trilobate, usually with medial lobe developed into a caudally projected plate (Figs. 15; 16a; 17–18; 20a, b–22a, b; 23a; 24a– b) especially in males, but only slightly projected in male  M. tepuianum (Fig. 19) and female  M. ecuatoriale (Fig. 16 b) or not projected in females of  M. dunklei and  M. gaianii (Figs. 22 c; 23b). Female mesostigmal plates broadly triangular and wide, each with ratio of maximum width/length of less than 0.5; mesanepisternal carinae arising between mesostigmal plates anteriorly to their postero-medial edges (Figs. 16 c; 20c–21c; 22d; 23c–24c). Pterothorax (Figs. 2b–c; 3c–e) with dark mid-dorsal and humeral stripes, usually with a dark stripe over metapleural suture (Figs. 2b; 3d–f) that is absent in  M. ecuatoriale ,  M. occultum ,  M. ovigerum , and  M. tepuianum (Figs. 2c–3c); with pale blue antehumeral stripe usually complete (Figs. 2b; 3c–e), but interrupted distally in  M. tepuianum and some  M. demarmelsi (Fig. 2c). Legs short with femur 1 usually shorter than distance between eyes at level of antennifer (Figs. 3 d–e; ratio = 1.03), tibial spurs shorter to slightly longer than distance between them (Figs. 3 d–e); pretarsal claw with well developed supplementary tooth. Wings hyaline to smoky in some tenerals (i.e. in  M. laterale and  M. tamaense ), CuP reaching CuPAA proximal to hind margin of wing for a distance as long as CuP or shorter, vein descending from quadrangle not forming a straight line to wing margin (Fig. 7). </p>
            <p> Abdomen (Fig. 4 b–e). Black with blue spots on base and distal segments (S6–10 or less), and reddishorange (on S1–3) on not fully mature specimens (Figs. 108 –109); relatively short, with a ratio of 3.39–4.28 to length of head plus thorax, less in  M. ecuatoriale (4.2 to 4.85). Genital ligula with distal segment lacking inner fold; with paired latero-apical lobes and paired latero-medial lobes (Figs. 38–48); with two ental membranous transverse folds distal to flexure, one between medio-lateral lobes and the second between medio-lateral lobes and flexure, this latter fold projected into a medial membranous process that may be folded and hidden in lateral view; second segment lacking wide latero-apical folds with sclerotized margins (Figs. 38–48). Posterodorsal margin of male S10 with a 'u'-shaped cleft margined by a pair of tubercles (Figs. 60 –70; 71a; 77b–c; 78b–79b; 80–84). Male cercus sometimes with a pale spot on its posterior surface but lacking differentiated scalariform-like cuticle in that area. Male cercus structure complex with four processes that usually can be seen simultaneously only in medio-posterior view (Figs. 70b; 71–76; 77a–79a): a dorsal process that may be apical, long, and hooked (as in  M. demarmelsi ,  M. dunklei ,  M. gaianii ,  M. laterale , and  M. tamaense ) or subapical and short (as in  M. ecuatoriale ,  M. occultum ,  M. ovigerum ,  M. risi , and  M. tepuianum ); two ventro-apical processes represented by short lobes each of which may be rounded (as in  M. ecuatoriale ,  M. occultum ,  M. ovigerum , and  M. risi ) or bluntly pointed (as in  M. demarmelsi ,  M. tepuianum ,  M. dunklei ,  M. gaianii ,  M. laterale , and  M. tamaense ); and a broadly triangular ventro-basal process that is directed antero-medially and is visible only in medio-posterior view or in dorso-external view (as in  M. demarmelsi , Fig. 65 b). Male paraproct with a dorsal branch ending on a sclerotized tip (Figs. 60–69; 70a–71a; 72; 76; 77b–c; 78b–79b). </p>
            <p>Female with vulvar spine on S8; ovipositor slightly shorter to slightly longer than S10, not reaching tips of cerci (Figs. 4 c, e).</p>
            <p> Generic diagnosis. Male cercus of  Mesamphiagrion is unique among all New World  Coenagrionidae by its four processes: one dorsal, two short ventro-apical and one ventro-basal (Figs. 70b; 71–76; 77a–79a). As mentioned under  Cyanallagma , the combination of a rounded frons, presence of pale postocular spots, a trilobate prothoracic posterior lobe, striped pterothorax and male cerci provided with some kind of processes is shared among New World  Coenagrionidae not only with  Cyanallagma and  Oreiallagma but also with  Apanisagrion ,  Chrysobasis ,  Hesperagrion ,  Homeoura , some  Ischnura species,  Leptobasis , and  Telagrion .  Mesamphiagrion differs from  Cyanallagma by having the rear of head surrounding occipital foramen pale (Fig. 1 b) and by the male cercus having a dorsal process (Figs. 60–84). It can be distinguished from all remaining mentioned genera except  Hesperagrion and some  Ischnura species by its most posterior point of head located at level of postocular lobes (Figs. 3 c–e) rather than at level of eyes (as in Fig. 5). </p>
            <p> Mesamphiagrion is separated from  Hesperagrion by the male postero-dorsal margin of S10 with a 'u'- shaped cleft margined by a pair of tubercles (Figs. 60–84), genital ligula lacking a pair of large lateral chitinized spines (Figs. 38–48), and female mesanepisterna with well developed carinae forming distinct ridges (Figs. 16 c; 20c; 22d; 23c–24c).  Mesamphiagrion differs from  Ischnura by the presence of a ventro-basal process in male cercus (Figs. 60–84), genital ligula distal segment lacking an inner fold, presence of paired latero-apical and latero-medial lobes and distal corners not projected into flagellae (Figs. 38–48), and female mesanepisterna with well developed carinae forming distinct ridges (Figs. 16 c; 20c; 22d; 23c–24c). </p>
            <p>Distribution. Northwestern South America from Ecuador to Venezuela along the Andes and in the Tepuis, from 650 to 4000 m above sea level (Fig. 103).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03ED87D9FFB6BE5AA9D1A559FCD46723	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ellenrieder, Natalia Von;Garrison, Rosser W.	Ellenrieder, Natalia Von, Garrison, Rosser W. (2008): Oreiallagma gen. nov. with a redefinition of Cyanallagma Kennedy 1920 and Mesamphiagrion Kennedy 1920, and the description of M. dunklei sp. nov. and M. ecuatoriale sp. nov. from Ecuador (Odonata: Coenagrionidae). Zootaxa 1805: 1-51, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182666
03ED87D9FFAFBE6EA9D1A22EFB7F635B.text	03ED87D9FFAFBE6EA9D1A22EFB7F635B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mesamphiagrion dunklei	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Mesamphiagrion dunklei sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Figures 3 d–f; 4b–c; 7a; 22; 46; 67; 77; 83; 103; 107</p>
            <p> Cyanallagma laterale ; Dunkle 1981: 5 (mention from Ecuador). Daigle 1996: 12 (mention from Ecuador). </p>
            <p> Etymology: Named  dunklei in honor of our good friend and colleague Sidney W. Dunkle, who collected the type series, in recognition of his valuable contributions to New World odonatology. </p>
            <p>Type specimens: Holotype (ɗ). Ecuador. Napo Prov.: 13 km E of Coyuja on road to Chaco, marsh, 17.viii.1980, S.W. Dunkle leg.. Allotype (Ψ). Same data. Both in FSCA. Paratypes (30 ɗ, 10 Ψ). Same data 1 ɗ, 1 Ψ (FSCA); same data 18 ɗ, 4 Ψ (SWD); same data 2 ɗ, 1 Ψ (MLP); same data 3 ɗ, 2 Ψ (RWG); same data 3 ɗ, 1 Ψ (DRP); Baeza, 10.6 km S on Hwy 45 near Bermojo, 1710 m, seepage marsh, 24.vii.1996, B. Mauffray leg., 1 ɗ (FSCA); seep and marsh along Archidona-Baeza road, 00°36'12''S, 77°50'36''W, 2100 m, 19.xi.1997, T.W. Donnelly leg., 1 ɗ (TWD); Baeza/Tena Rd., 26.7 km N of Narupa junction, 2240 m, seep, 19.xi.1997, K.J. Tennessen leg., 1 ɗ (FSCA).</p>
            <p>Description. Male holotype</p>
            <p>Head (as in Fig. 3 d). Labium pale yellow; labrum, base of mandibles, anterior surface of genae and anteclypeus light blue, with a medial black spot on posterior margin of labrum and two short black stripes on anteclypeus; postclypeus, dorsal surface of genae, frons, antennae and top of head black, with a pair of pale blue postocular spots; rear of head ventrally brown, pale yellow along medial third and turning dark brown to black along dorsal margin. Frons in profile rounded.</p>
            <p>Thorax. Prothorax black; medial lobe of posterior prothoracic lobe developed into caudally projected squarish plate with smoothly rounded margins and dorsal surface slightly concave (Fig. 22 a). Mesepisternal plates approximately flat and triangular. Pterothorax black with almost linear longitudinal pale blue antehumeral stripe along distal 7/8 of mesepisternum; wide pale blue lateral stripe on mesepimeron and metepisternum (as in Fig. 3 d), and ventral half of metepimeron pale blue (Fig. 3 f). Venter of thorax brown, except for anterior margin and central spot pale yellow, with a postero-medial low rounded tubercle (Fig. 3 f). Legs black with a bluish yellow spot on coxae and on base of flexor surface of femora (as in Fig. 3 d) and basal two thirds of tarsi and pretarsal claws reddish brown; 8 metafemoral spurs on right and 7 on left femur, longer than width of femur on distal half (as in Fig. 3 d); metatibial spurs about as long as intervening spaces (as in Fig. 3 d); pretarsal claw with well developed supplementary tooth. Wings (as in Fig. 7 a) hyaline; pt dark reddish brown, covering one cell, with anterior (costal) margin slightly longer than posterior margin; CuP reaching CuPAA slightly distal to confluence of CuPAA with hind margin of wing, petiolation ending slightly distal to midpoint between Ax 1 and Ax 2; Px 12 in right FW, 13 in left FW, 11 in HW; RP 2 branching between Px 5 and 6 but closer to 6 in right FW, slightly proximal to Px 6 in left FW, between Px 5 and 4 but closer to 5 in right HW, at Px 4 in left HW.</p>
            <p> Abdomen (as in Fig. 4 b). Dorsum of S1–6 and S10 black, of S7 pale blue except basal fourth black, of S8–9 pale blue; S1–2 with an antero-lateral pale blue spot, S3 pale blue to yellow and S4–10 pale yellow along ventral margin. Genital ligula (as in Fig. 46) with an inner medial process on ental membranous transverse fold basal to latero-medial lobes, a pair of broad latero-apical lobes and a pair of narrower rectangular latero-medial lobes, which are oriented transversely and located close to the latero-apical lobes (distance between them less than width of lobe). Cercus (as in Figs. 67; 77; 83) shorter than S10, with a dorsal process FIGURES 70–79. Male caudal appendages, medio-dorsal view (70a–71a; 72; 76; 77b–79b), posterior view (77c), medial view of male cercus (70b–71b; 73–75; 77a–79a). (70)  Mesamphiagrion occultum , Colombia, Chingaza; (71)  M. ovigerum , Colombia (a) Arcabuco, (b), holotype, Bogotá; (72)  M. ecuatoriale , holotype, Ecuador, Archidona-Baeza; (73)  M. tepuianum , paratype, Venezuela, Mt. Duida (modified from De Marmels 1997); (74)  M. risi , holotype, Colombia, Pacho (modified from De Marmels 1989); (75)  M. tamaense , Venezuela, El Tamá; (76)  M. demarmelsi , Colombia, Bogotá; (77)  M. dunklei , paratype, Ecuador, Coyuja; (78)  M. laterale , Colombia, La Pica; (69)  M. gaianii , paratype, Venezuela, La Cristalina. d. p.: dorsal process; v. ap. p.: ventro-apical process; v-b. p.: ventro-basal process. </p>
            <p>ending on an apical tooth directed ventro-posteriorly, a ventro-basal process and two pointed ventro-apical processes, inner slightly larger than outer, and in ental view, ventro-apical processes situated about midway between ventro-basal and dorsal processes (as in Fig. 77); color of outer surface black. Paraproct pale blue, with medially directed branch black (as in Fig. 68).</p>
            <p>Dimensions. Total length 29.5 mm; abdomen length 23.5 mm; FW 19.9 mm; HW 18.7 mm.</p>
            <p>Female allotype</p>
            <p>Head (as in Fig. 3 e). As in holotype.</p>
            <p>Thorax. Color pattern as in holotype but reddish brown areas present on prothorax, and black less extensive along pale yellow ventral margin of pterothorax (as in Fig. 3 e). Venter of thorax, coxae, trochanters, and flexor surface of femora and tibiae pale yellow, remainder of legs pale brown. Projection of medial lobe of posterior prothoracic lobe shorter than in male holotype, and slightly bilobate (as in Fig. 22 c). Mesepisternal plates wider than in male holotype (as in Fig. 22 d). Metafemoral spurs 8 on right femur and 6 on left femur. Wings as holotype but Px 13 in right FW, 14 in left FW, 12 in right HW, 11 in left HW; RP 2 branching slightly proximal to Px 7 in FW, slightly proximal to Px 5 in HW.</p>
            <p>Abdomen. Color pattern as in holotype, except dorsum of S1–2 and basal 4/5 of S3 red, S10 pale blue and distal fifth of S7 black; latero-ventral margins of terga pale yellow from S1–10 (as in Fig. 4 c). Cercus shorter than S10, conical and pale brown; paraprocts pale yellow. Vulvar spine on S8 well developed. Sub-basal plate of ovipositor small and triangular; outer valve of ovipositor with a single row of teeth; tip of ovipositor (excluding stylus; styli missing) extending beyond posterodorsal margin of S10 but not reaching tip of cercus (as in Fig. 4 c).</p>
            <p>Dimensions. Total length 33.7 mm; abdomen length 27.2 mm; FW 22.7 mm; HW 21.2 mm.</p>
            <p>Variation in paratypes. Color apparently darkens progressively with age. Freshly emerged teneral specimens, three males and three females with wrinkled opaque wings and tegument not fully hardened, differ from holotype by pale areas of head pale yellow, postocular spots confluent with each other and with pale back of the head. Dark colors of thorax are absent in one female; in others, they are restricted to dark brown spots on the prothorax and on the medio-dorsal area between antehumeral stripes and the dark brown humeral stripe. The remainder of thorax is pale yellow to pale brown and the pt is pale brown. Dorsum of S1–2 and basal 4/5 of S3 are reddish orange; cerci and paraprocts are pale yellow. In three males and one female, dorsum of S1–2 and basal 4/5 of S3 are reddish orange, and in another four males and one female this area is red (Fig. 4 b–c). The pale blue postocular spots are defined and the dark areas of the thorax are as in holotype but are dark brown; the legs and cerci are brown, and pt is reddish brown. Three males and three females are colored like the allotype with the dorsum of S1–2 and basal 4/5 of S3 dark reddish brown, and 16 males and one female are like holotype with the dorsum of S1–3 black (Fig. 107). Some males have a pale blue spot on the posterior surface of the male cercus, delimited by dorsal and ventro-apical processes.</p>
            <p>Male paratypes have 12–13 Px in FW, in HW 10–13; RP 2 branching between Px 5–7 in FW, between Px 4–5 in HW. Female paratypes Px in FW 12–15, in HW 10–12; RP 2 branching between Px 6–7 in FW, between Px 4–5 in HW.</p>
            <p>Dimensions. Total length males 28.0– 31.3 mm [mean 30.2 mm; SD 1.08; n = 10]; total length females 29.4–34.6 mm [mean 31.9 mm; SD 1.67; n = 10]; abdomen length males 22–25.5 mm [mean 24.2 mm; SD 1.08; n = 10]; abdomen length females 23.2–27.8 mm [mean 25.6 mm; SD 1.62; n = 10]; FW males 19.4–21.6 mm [mean 20.2 mm; SD 0.5; n = 10]; FW females 20.2–22.7 mm [mean 25.6 mm; SD 1.5; n = 10]; HW males 18.4–19.3 mm [mean 18.8 mm; SD 0.3; n = 10]; HW females 19.3–21.2 mm [mean 20.2 mm; SD 0.7; n = 10].</p>
            <p> Diagnosis. This species is most similar to  M. laterale and  M. gaianii in genital ligula morphology and shares the following features with them: latero-apical and latero-medial lobes almost contiguous (Fig. 46 a; shared with  M. laterale , Fig. 47 a), latero-apical lobe broad, and latero-medial lobe twisted basally so that it is oriented transversely (Fig. 46 b). The medial lobe of posterior prothoracic lobe in  M. dunklei is roundly squarish and slightly constricted at its base in the male (Figs. 22 a–b; similar to  M. gaianii , Fig. 23 a, and  M. laterale , Fig. 24 a) and in the female, each half is bilobate (Fig. 22 c; also similar to  M. gaianii , Fig. 23 b, and  M. laterale , Fig. 24 b). However, this species differs from both by the shape of the male cercus in postero-medial view. The ventro-apical processes are located about midway between dorsal and ventro-basal processes (Fig. 77a); in  M. laterale and  M. gaianii , they are at about the same level as the ventro-basal process (Figs. 78a– 79a). In  M. laterale and  M. gaianii , the metepimeron is mostly pale (Figs. 2b; 108–109) whereas in  M. dunklei it is about half black (Figs. 3 d, f; Fig. 107). The dorsum of S7 is blue with the anterior fourth and lateral surfaces black, S8–9 are blue with lateral surfaces black and S10 black dorsally in the male (Figs. 4 b; 107). It is blue in the female (Fig. 4 c). In the female of  M. gaianii (Fig. 108) and in some  M. laterale , the dorsum of S7 is entirely black. </p>
            <p>Biology. Adults collected at a marsh. Breeding habitat and larva are unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution. Ecuador (Napo Dept.), from 1710 to 2240 m above sea level (Fig. 103).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03ED87D9FFAFBE6EA9D1A22EFB7F635B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ellenrieder, Natalia Von;Garrison, Rosser W.	Ellenrieder, Natalia Von, Garrison, Rosser W. (2008): Oreiallagma gen. nov. with a redefinition of Cyanallagma Kennedy 1920 and Mesamphiagrion Kennedy 1920, and the description of M. dunklei sp. nov. and M. ecuatoriale sp. nov. from Ecuador (Odonata: Coenagrionidae). Zootaxa 1805: 1-51, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182666
03ED87D9FF99BE66A9D1A633FBFB60D9.text	03ED87D9FF99BE66A9D1A633FBFB60D9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mesamphiagrion ecuatoriale	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Mesamphiagrion ecuatoriale sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Figures 3 c; 4d–e; 7b; 16; 41; 62; 72; 103</p>
            <p> Etymology: Named  ecuatoriale in reference to its distribution. </p>
            <p>Type specimens: Holotype (ɗ). Ecuador. Napo Prov.: seep and marsh along Archidona-Baeza road, 00°36'12''S, 77°50'36''W, 2100 m, 19.xi.1997, T.W. Donnelly leg. Allotype (Ψ). Same data. Both in FSCA. Paratypes (3 ɗ, 1 Ψ). same data 2 ɗ, 1 Ψ (TWD); same data 1 ɗ (RWG).</p>
            <p>Description. Male holotype</p>
            <p>Head (Fig. 3 c). Labium pale yellow; labrum, base of mandibles, anterior surface of genae, anteclypeus, and antefrons light blue, with a black medial spot and a marginal spot on each side along posterior margin of labrum; postclypeus, postfrons, antennae, and top of head black, with a pair of large pale blue postocular spots; rear of head pale yellow. Frons in profile rounded.</p>
            <p>Thorax. Prothorax black except for medial portion of anterior lobe, a latero-dorsal oval spot on each side of middle lobe and lateral margin of middle lobe pale blue; medial lobe of posterior prothoracic lobe developed into caudally projected squarish plate separated from lateral lobes by an obtuse angle, with smoothly rounded margins and slightly concave dorsal surface (Fig. 16 a). Mesepisternal plates approximately flat and triangular. Pterothorax largely pale blue becoming pale bluish-yellow latero-ventrally, with a mid-dorsal black stripe narrower than antehumeral pale blue area, a narrow black stripe along humeral suture and a reddish brown oval spot at posterior end of second lateral suture (Fig. 3 c). Venter of thorax bluish yellow. Legs black except pale blue coxae, trochanters and a spot along basal third to half of flexor surface of femora, and pale brown basal 3/4 of pretarsi; 8 metafemoral spurs on left femur (right femur missing), longer than width of femur on distal half; metatibial spurs slightly longer than intervening spaces; pretarsal claw with well developed supplementary tooth. Wings (Fig. 7 b) hyaline; pt dark reddish brown, covering one cell, with anterior (costal) margin slightly longer than posterior margin; CuP reaching CuPAA slightly distal to confluence of CuPAA with hind margin of wing, petiolation ending approximately at midpoint between Ax 1 and Ax 2; Px 14 in FW, 12 in right HW, 13 in left HW; RP 2 branching slightly proximal to Px 7 in FW, slightly proximal to Px 6 in HW.</p>
            <p>Abdomen (Fig. 4 d). Dorsum of S1–6 and S10 black, of S7 pale blue except basal eighth black, of S8–9 pale blue; sides of S1–2 and base of S3 pale bluish yellow, most of S3 and S4–7 pale yellow. Genital ligula (Fig. 41) with apex concave, an inner medial process on ental membranous transverse fold basal to lateromedial lobes, a pair of latero-apical lobes of narrow base directed anteriorly and a pair of latero-medial lobes of broader base. Cercus (Figs. 62, 72) shorter than S10, with a short subapical hooked dorsal process, a pointed ventro-basal process, and two blunt ventro-apical processes; color of outer surface black. Paraproct pale blue, with medially directed branch and tip of ventral branch black (Fig. 62).</p>
            <p>Dimensions. Total length 38.5 mm; abdomen length 31.5 mm; FW 24.0 mm; HW 23.0 mm.</p>
            <p>Female allotype</p>
            <p>Head. As in holotype but base of mandibles, anterior surface of genae, anteclypeus, and antefrons pale bluish yellow; postclypeus with a pair of transversely elongate oval yellow spots, and anterior portion of postfrons pale yellow.</p>
            <p>Thorax. As in holotype but mid-dorsal black stripe margined by reddish brown, and faint reddish brown narrow stripe along humeral suture. Legs yellow, except distal portion of femora, tibiae, tarsi and tip of pretarsi reddish brown. Medial portion of posterior lobe of prothorax only slightly projected caudally at mid-line (Fig. 16 b). Mesepisternal plates wider than in male holotype (Fig. 16 c). Wings as holotype but pt pale reddish brown; 13 Px in left FW, 13 in right HW, 12 in left HW.</p>
            <p> FIGURE 109. Juvenile adult male of  Mesamphiagrion laterale (Venezuela, Mérida State, road to La Culata, 2646 m, 04.vii.1991). Photographed by J. De Marmels. </p>
            <p>Abdomen. Color pattern as in holotype, except dorsum of S1–7 black, of S8 pale blue at distal third, of S9 pale blue at distal half, of S10 entirely pale blue; latero-ventral margins of terga pale yellow from S1–10 (Fig.</p>
            <p>4e). Cercus shorter than S10, conical and brown; paraprocts pale yellow. Vulvar spine on S8 well developed. Sub-basal plate of ovipositor broadly rounded; outer valve of ovipositor with a single row of teeth; tip of ovipositor (excluding stylus) extending beyond posterodorsal margin of S10 but not reaching tip of cercus (Fig. 4 e).</p>
            <p>Dimensions. Total length 38.0 mm; abdomen length 31.0 mm; FW 25.5 mm; HW 24.5 mm.</p>
            <p>Variation in paratypes. Paratype males are similar to holotype but the anteclypeus in three has a pair of transverse oval black spots, and outer surfaces of cercus delimited between dorsal, inner ventro-apical process, and outer ventro-apical processes are pale blue. One male has basal sixth of S7 black. Female as in allotype.</p>
            <p>Male paratypes Px in FW 13–16, in HW 12–13; RP 2 branching between Px 7–8 in FW, between Px 5–6 or slightly proximal to 6 in HW. Female Px in FW 15–14, in HW 14–13; RP 2 branching slightly proximal to Px 7 in FW, between Px 5–6 in HW.</p>
            <p>Dimensions. Total length males 35.5–38 mm [mean 36.8 mm; SD 1.26; n = 3]; total length female 39.0 mm; abdomen length males 29.0– 31.5 mm [mean 30.3 mm; SD 1.26; n = 3]; abdomen length female 31.5 mm; FW males 23.0– 24.5 mm [mean 23.6 mm; SD 0.76; n = 3]; FW female 26.5 mm; HW males 22.0– 23.5 mm [mean 22. 7 mm; SD 0.76; n = 3]; HW female 25.5 mm.</p>
            <p> Diagnosis. Male of  M. equatoriale shares only with  M. occultum ,  M. ovigerum , and  M. risi the short subapical dorsal process of cercus but differs from them by the ventrally pointed ventro-basal process of the cercus (Fig. 72) that is rectangular in  M. occultum (Fig. 70b), narrowly spatulate and curved anteriorly in  M. ovigerum (Fig. 71), and broadly triangular in  M. risi (Fig. 74). Absence of metapleural dark stripe (Fig. 3 c) is shared only by males (female is unknown) of  M. occultum ,  M. ovigerum , and  M. tepuianum .  Mesamphiagrion equatoriale differs from  M. tepuianum in following characters (contrasting character states for  M. tepuianum in parentheses): medial lobe of posterior prothoracic lobe projected caudally into a semicircular lobe (Fig. 16 a; bilobate and only slightly projected, Fig. 19); basal segment of genital ligula lacking long setae along sides (Fig. 41 a; with long setae along sides, Fig. 44); and acutely pointed ventro-basal process of cercus in medio-dorsal view (Fig. 72; broadly rectangular ventro-basal process, Fig. 73). </p>
            <p> Female of  M. ecuatoriale differs from other known females of  Mesamphiagrion by medial lobe of posterior prothoracic lobe only slightly projected medially beyond lateral lobes (Fig. 16 b), whereas the same is well-developed and posteriorly projected in  M. demarmelsi and  M. tamaense (Figs. 20 b-21b), and bilobate in  M. dunklei ,  M. gaianii , and  M. laterale (Figs. 22 c, 23b-24b). </p>
            <p>Biology. Adults collected at seeps and marsh. Breeding habitat and larva unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution. Ecuador (Napo Dept.), at 2100 m above sea level (Fig. 103).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03ED87D9FF99BE66A9D1A633FBFB60D9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ellenrieder, Natalia Von;Garrison, Rosser W.	Ellenrieder, Natalia Von, Garrison, Rosser W. (2008): Oreiallagma gen. nov. with a redefinition of Cyanallagma Kennedy 1920 and Mesamphiagrion Kennedy 1920, and the description of M. dunklei sp. nov. and M. ecuatoriale sp. nov. from Ecuador (Odonata: Coenagrionidae). Zootaxa 1805: 1-51, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182666
03ED87D9FF91BE64A9D1A5AEFE066463.text	03ED87D9FF91BE64A9D1A5AEFE066463.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oreiallagma	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Oreiallagma gen. nov.</p>
            <p>Figures 5; 8; 25–29; 49–53; 85–94; 101; 104; 110–111</p>
            <p> Type species:  Cyanallagma thelkterion De Marmels 1997 by present designation. </p>
            <p> Other species included:  O. acutum (Ris 1918) comb. nov. ,  O. oreas (Ris 1918) comb. nov. ,  O. prothoracicum (Kimmins 1945) comb. nov. , and  O. quadricolor (Ris 1918) comb. nov. . </p>
            <p> Etymology: From ' oreios ' (Greek): of or from the mountains, and ' allagma ' (Greek): a neuter noun used for many damselfly names, allusion that was originally chosen by Charpentier (1840) to denote the possibility of mistaking coenagrionid genera with blue and black males with those of the genus  Enallagma (Fliedner 2006) . The name refers to the habitat of these species, which inhabit the Andean mountain range. </p>
            <p>Generic characterization. Head. Color of dorsum dark brown to black with pale blue to olive postocular spots (Fig. 5), no pale postocular bar, rear of head pale. Frons rounded, occipital lobes not protruding posteriorly so that most posterior point of head is at eyes (Fig. 5).</p>
            <p> Thorax. Medial lobe of posterior lobe of prothorax developed into caudally projected foliate plate (Figs. 25–29). Female mesostigmal plates rectangular and narrow with ratio of maximum width/length of less than 0.5 (Fig. 28 c). Pterothorax with dark mid-dorsal and humeral stripes, sometimes with a dark stripe over metapleural suture (absent in  O. acutum ,  O. prothoracicum , and  O. quadricolor ); with pale blue antehumeral stripe usually complete but interrupted distally in  O. acutum and  O. thelkterion (Fig. 5). Legs long with femur 1 always longer than distance between eyes at level of antennifer (Fig. 5; ratio = 1.08), tibial spurs shorter than or as long as distance between them, pretarsal claw with well developed supplementary tooth. Wings in most examined specimens smoky especially along costal area; CuP reaching CuPAA, proximal to hind margin of wing for a distance as long as CuP or shorter; vein descending from quadrangle not forming a straight line to wing margin (Fig. 8). </p>
            <p> Abdomen. Color reddish-orange, black, and blue (Fig. 5); relatively long with a ratio of 4.4–6.5 to head plus thorax length. Genital ligula distal segment with one (  O. oreas and  O. prothoracicum ) or two (  O. acutum ,  O. quadricolor , and  O. thelkterion ) ental transverse folds and usually lacking inner process (inner process observed only in  O. thelkterion , Fig. 49 c), always with paired latero-apical lobes and usually with a pair of small accessory latero-medial lobes (absent in  O. acutum ; Fig. 51); second segment with unique wide paired latero-apical folds with sclerotized margins (Figs. 49–53). Postero-dorsal margin of male S10 recessed in dorsal view, with very slight (  O quadricolor ,  O. thelkterion ; Figs. 86; 88) to more pronounced (  O. acutum ,  O. oreas ,  O. prothoracicum ; Figs. 85; 87; 89) 'v'-shaped cleft lacking a lateral pair of tubercles. Male cercus with a long blade-like ventral process bent medio-anteriorly each of which converges with the one on opposite cercus before finally diverging at tip (Figs. 85–94), and a dorsal process directed posteriorly of variable length: very short and subapical in  O. oreas and  O. quadricolor (Figs. 93 a–94a), long and apical in  O. prothoracicum ,  O. thelkterion , and  O. acutum (Figs. 90 a–92a). Patch of differentiated scalariform-like cuticle on posterior surface of male cercus present (  O. oreas ,  O. quadricolor , and  O. prothoracicum ) or absent (  O. thelkterion and  O. acutum ). Male paraproct with a dorsal branch ending on a sclerotized tip or ridge (Figs. 90–94). Female (known only for  O. thelkterion and incompletely for  O. quadricolor ) with vulvar spine on S8; ovipositor not reaching tips of cerci. </p>
            <p> Generic diagnosis.  Oreiallagma is unique among all genera of New World  Coenagrionidae by the presence of a pair of wide latero-apical folds with sclerotized margins on second segment of genital ligula (Figs. 49–53), and by the forked male cercus combining a dorsal process and a long blade-like ventral process bent medio-anteriorly (Figs. 85–94).  Oreiallagma differs from  Cyanallagma by having the rear of head surrounding occipital foramen pale (as in Fig. 1 b) and by the male cercus having a dorsal process (Figs. 85–94).  Oreiallagma differs from  Mesamphiagrion by having a forked male cercus combining a dorsal process and a long blade-like ventral process bent medio-anteriorly (Figs. 85–94). Further differences are given in Table 2. As mentioned under the previous two genera, the combination of a rounded frons, presence of pale postocular spots, a trilobate prothoracic posterior lobe, striped pterothorax, and male cerci provided with some kind of processes is shared among New World  Coenagrionidae not only with  Cyanallagma and  Mesamphiagrion but also with  Apanisagrion ,  Chrysobasis ,  Hesperagrion ,  Homeoura , some  Ischnura species,  Leptobasis , and  Telagrion .  Oreiallagma differs from all except  Chrysobasis ,  Leptobasis , and  Telagrion by its long abdomen in relation to length of head plus thorax with a ratio of over 4.4 versus less than 4.4. It differs from  Chrysobasis ,  Leptobasis , and  Telagrion by the presence of well developed supplementary teeth on pretarsal claws (vestigial or forming a right angular notch in the other three genera) and by female ovipositor not surpassing tip of cerci (extending beyond tip of cerci in other genera). </p>
            <p> Remarks. Specimens are rare in collections, females are known for only two species, and all but two (  O. quadricolor and  O. thelkterion ) have not been collected since their original descriptions. Species vary considerably in total length; their ranges from longest to shortest are:  O. prothoracicum (= 55 mm),  O. oreas and  O. thelkterion (44–46 mm),  O. quadricolor (40 mm), and  O. acutum (37 mm). If breeding biology for the genus mirrors that for  O. quadricolor (within bromeliads in high elevation forest areas), we suspect future collecting in these forest zones will yield more specimens, and intraspecific adult size variation will be considerable due to differences in space and food availability within phytotelmata habitats. </p>
            <p>Distribution. Narrow mountainous corridor in Andes from Venezuela to Bolivia, from 800 to 2300 m above sea level (Fig. 104).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03ED87D9FF91BE64A9D1A5AEFE066463	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ellenrieder, Natalia Von;Garrison, Rosser W.	Ellenrieder, Natalia Von, Garrison, Rosser W. (2008): Oreiallagma gen. nov. with a redefinition of Cyanallagma Kennedy 1920 and Mesamphiagrion Kennedy 1920, and the description of M. dunklei sp. nov. and M. ecuatoriale sp. nov. from Ecuador (Odonata: Coenagrionidae). Zootaxa 1805: 1-51, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182666
03ED87D9FF93BE63A9D1A6E6FB30611B.text	03ED87D9FF93BE63A9D1A6E6FB30611B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oreiallagma acutum (Ris 1918) Ris 1918	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Oreiallagma acutum (Ris 1918) comb. nov.</p>
            <p>Figures 27; 51; 85; 90; 104</p>
            <p> Acanthagrion acutum Ris 1918: 120 –122, figs. 61–62 [mislabeled as 59] (description of male, illustration of S10 and wings). </p>
            <p> Cyanallagma acutum Kennedy 1920: 87 (inclusion in  Cyanallagma ). </p>
            <p>Davies &amp; Tobin 1984: 66 (synonymic list).</p>
            <p>De Marmels 1989: 246–247, figs. 1–7 (notes on male and illustrations of head, posterior lobe of prothorax, S7–10, genital ligula, and S10).</p>
            <p>Garrison 1991: 11 (synonymic list).</p>
            <p>Bridges 1994: VII.3 (synonymic list).</p>
            <p> Steinmann 1997: 247 (synonymic list as  Cyanallagma acuta ). De Marmels 1997: 138, fig. 82 (key to northern  Cyanallagma species, map, comparison with  C. thelkterion ). Tsuda 2000: 31 (synonymic list). </p>
            <p>Types: Ris (1918) described this species based on nine males (three from Río Zongo, six from Coroico) but did not designate a holotype. We examined a male syntype labeled "Río Zongo, 800 m. / BOLIVIA. [La Paz Dept.] 1913 (2), A.H. Fassl", which also has a red label "Lecto-[in ink by an unknown hand]/Para-/typoid [printed]" affixed to the envelope. De Marmels (1989) stated that he examined two paralectotypes from Coroico. In order to clarify application of the name, we designate the specimen we examined as lectotype (Senckenberg Register No. 10196) that served as basis for our Figures 27; 51; 85; 90. In FNS.</p>
            <p> Characterization. Medial lobe of posterior lobe of prothorax slightly constricted at base, subquadrate, with shallow medial concavity on posterior margin (Fig. 27; as in  O. oreas and  O. quadricolor ). Distal segment of genital ligula (Fig. 51) approximately as wide at apex as at base with a pair of latero-apical lobes recurved and directed basally, no accessory latero-medial lobes (unique), and two ental membranous transverse folds (as in  O. quadricolor and  O. thelkterion ). Dorsal process of male cercus approximately as long as ventral process (Figs. 85; 90; unique). Dorsum of S1–7 black, of S8–9 blue, sides of S3–7 reddish-orange, of S8 with a black stripe along anterior 2/3, S9 entirely blue and S10 entirely black. Female unknown. </p>
            <p> Diagnosis. Species unique by cercus morphology: the long, digit-like dorsal process (Fig. 85) is shared only with  O. thelkterion (Fig. 86) but is more robust and as long as or longer than ventral process (Figs. 85; 90); in  O. thelkterion , dorsal process is more acuminate and shorter than ventral process (Fig. 86). In  O. prothoracicum (Figs. 87; 92) and  O. quadricolor (Figs. 88 a; 93), dorsal process is small and acute, and in  O. oreas it is represented by a blunt setose tubercle (Figs. 89; 94). </p>
            <p>Biology. Unknown; see remarks under generic account.</p>
            <p>Distribution. Bolivia (La Paz Department), from 800 to 1400 m above sea level (Fig. 104).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03ED87D9FF93BE63A9D1A6E6FB30611B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ellenrieder, Natalia Von;Garrison, Rosser W.	Ellenrieder, Natalia Von, Garrison, Rosser W. (2008): Oreiallagma gen. nov. with a redefinition of Cyanallagma Kennedy 1920 and Mesamphiagrion Kennedy 1920, and the description of M. dunklei sp. nov. and M. ecuatoriale sp. nov. from Ecuador (Odonata: Coenagrionidae). Zootaxa 1805: 1-51, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182666
03ED87D9FF94BE62A9D1A4ECFBA667AB.text	03ED87D9FF94BE62A9D1A4ECFBA667AB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oreiallagma oreas (Ris 1918) Ris 1918	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Oreiallagma oreas (Ris 1918) comb. nov.</p>
            <p>Figures 26; 52; 89; 94; 104</p>
            <p> Telagrion oreas Ris 1918: 136 , 138–139, fig. 78 (diagnosis from  T. quadricolor , description of male, illustration of S10). Kimmins 1945: 189 (comparison with  T. prothoracicum ). St. Quentin 1960: 48 (key for males). </p>
            <p> Santos 1965: 9 (possible placement in  Leptagrion ). Davies &amp; Tobin 1984: 94 (synonymic list). </p>
            <p>Garrison 1991: 13 (synonymic list).</p>
            <p>Bridges 1994: VII.174 (synonymic list).</p>
            <p>Steinmann 1997: 358 (synonymic list).</p>
            <p>Tsuda 2000: 50 (synonymic list).</p>
            <p>Lencioni 2004: 92 (mention).</p>
            <p>Types: ɗ holotype in FNS (examined) with following data: "Monte Socorro 2300 m / [Valle del Cauca Dept.] Colombia, W. Cordill./ vii. 0 9 [A.H.] Fassl"; (Senckenberg Register No. 10764).</p>
            <p> Characterization. Medial lobe of posterior lobe of prothorax is slightly constricted at base, subquadrate, with shallow medial concavity on posterior margin (Fig. 26; as in  O. acutum and  O. quadricolor ). Distal segment of genital ligula (Fig. 52) approximately as wide at apex as at base with two contiguous pairs of lateroapical lobes (unique) recurved and directed basally, small accessory latero-medial lobes and one (as in  O. prothoracicum ) ental membranous faint transverse fold (Fig. 52 c). Dorsal process of male cercus much shorter than ventral process, represented by a blunt setose tubercle (Figs. 89; 94; unique). Dorsum of S1 dark brown, posteriorly with a transverse oval greenish blue spot; of S2 orange becoming diffuse brown anteriorly; of S3– 5 pale orange-red; of S6 orange antero-laterally, black dorso-posteriorly; of S7 black with a narrow reddish lateral margin over the anterior three fourths; of S8–9 blue, laterally reddish, both colors separated through a black longitudinal stripe; of S10 black. Female unknown. </p>
            <p> Diagnosis. This species, known only from the mature holotype male, is unique in that the dorsal process of the cercus is represented by a blunt setose tubercle (Figs. 89; 94). In all other species the dorsal process is either long and digit-like (  O. acutum , Figs. 85; 90;  O. thelkterion , Figs. 86; 91) or acute if small (  O. prothoracicum , Figs. 87; 92;  O. quadricolor , Figs. 88 a; 93). The distal segment of the genital ligula (Fig. 52 a) is uniquely armed with a pair of small contiguous latero-apical lobes (a single long latero-apical recurved lobe in  O. thelkterion , Fig. 49 b;  O. quadricolor , Fig. 50 b; and  O. acutum , Fig. 51 b; and a single small latero-apical lobe in  O. prothoracicum , Fig. 53 b). </p>
            <p>Biology. Unknown; see remarks under generic account.</p>
            <p>Distribution. Colombia (Valle del Cauca Department) at 2300 m above sea level (Fig. 104). Following information about this locality is provided by Ris (1918): "......Santa Margarita ('situated deep in the high mountain forest at 2200 m is the last house Santa Margarita, on upper bank of Rio Cali, the estate of a Colombian general'); out from here the gold mine Monte Socorro is reachable with effort."</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03ED87D9FF94BE62A9D1A4ECFBA667AB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ellenrieder, Natalia Von;Garrison, Rosser W.	Ellenrieder, Natalia Von, Garrison, Rosser W. (2008): Oreiallagma gen. nov. with a redefinition of Cyanallagma Kennedy 1920 and Mesamphiagrion Kennedy 1920, and the description of M. dunklei sp. nov. and M. ecuatoriale sp. nov. from Ecuador (Odonata: Coenagrionidae). Zootaxa 1805: 1-51, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182666
03ED87D9FF95BE61A9D1A37CFB426593.text	03ED87D9FF95BE61A9D1A37CFB426593.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oreiallagma prothoracicum (Kimmins 1945) Kimmins 1945	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Oreiallagma prothoracicum (Kimmins 1945) comb. nov.</p>
            <p>Figures 8 b; 25; 53; 87; 92; 104</p>
            <p> Telagrion prothoracicum Kimmins 1945: 187 –189, figs. 1A–C (description of male, illustration of S10, and posterior lobe of prothorax). </p>
            <p>St. Quentin 1960: 48 (in key for males).</p>
            <p>Kimmins 1970: 190 (type catalog BMNH).</p>
            <p> Leptagrion prothoracicum Santos 1965: 9 (transfer to  Leptagrion ). </p>
            <p>Davies &amp; Tobin 1984: 82 (synonymic list).</p>
            <p>Garrison 1991: 13 (synonymic list).</p>
            <p>Bridges 1994: VII.191 (synonymic list).</p>
            <p>Steinmann 1997: 310 (synonymic list).</p>
            <p>Tsuda 2000: 38 (synonymic list).</p>
            <p>Costa &amp; Garrison 2001: 384 (mention).</p>
            <p>Types: ɗ holotype in BMNH (examined) with following data: "Intaj [Imbabura Prov.] / Ecuador [in ink]"; 3 ɗ paratypes in BMNH (examined).</p>
            <p> Characterization. Medial lobe of posterior lobe of prothorax heart-shaped, markedly constricted at base, with moderate medial concavity on posterior margin, and each lateral lobe bilobate (Fig. 25; as in  O. thelkterion ). Distal segment of genital ligula (Fig. 53) approximately as wide at apex as at base, with a pair of lateroapical lobes each of which are not recurved and are directed distally (unique), a pair of small accessory lateromedial lobes (as in  O. quadricolor ), and one ental sclerotized transverse fold (unique, Fig. 53 c; one non-sclerotized fold in  O. oreas , Fig. 52 c). Dorsal process of male cercus shorter than ventral process, approximately triangular and directed postero-dorsally in lateral view (unique; Figs. 87; 92). Dorsum of S1 orange yellow; of S2–5 orange yellow with posterior black margin; of S6 brown; of S7 black; of S8 blue with lateral black longitudinal stripe on anterior 2/3; of S9 blue; of S10 black. Female unknown. </p>
            <p> Diagnosis. This species, the largest of the genus, is unique by cercus morphology: the dorsal process is small, acute, and apical (Figs. 87; 92); in  O. quadricolor the dorsal process is also short and acute, but it is sub-apical (Figs. 88 a; 93). The short latero-apical lobe of distal segment of genital ligula (Fig. 53 b) is shared only with  O. oreas (Fig. 52 b), but in the latter species there is a pair of contiguous latero-apical lobes on each side (Fig. 52 a). Medial lobe of posterior lobe of prothorax is constricted basally and each lateral lobe is bilobate (Fig. 25);  O. thelkterion (Fig. 29) is the only other species with bilobate lateral lobes, but its medial lobe is broader than in  O. prothoracicum . </p>
            <p>Biology. Unknown; see remarks under generic account.</p>
            <p>Distribution. Ecuador (Imbabura province), at 2000 m above sea level (Fig. 104).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03ED87D9FF95BE61A9D1A37CFB426593	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ellenrieder, Natalia Von;Garrison, Rosser W.	Ellenrieder, Natalia Von, Garrison, Rosser W. (2008): Oreiallagma gen. nov. with a redefinition of Cyanallagma Kennedy 1920 and Mesamphiagrion Kennedy 1920, and the description of M. dunklei sp. nov. and M. ecuatoriale sp. nov. from Ecuador (Odonata: Coenagrionidae). Zootaxa 1805: 1-51, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182666
03ED87D9FF96BE60A9D1A174FB5D605B.text	03ED87D9FF96BE60A9D1A174FB5D605B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oreiallagma quadricolor (Ris 1918) Ris 1918	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Oreiallagma quadricolor (Ris 1918) comb. nov.</p>
            <p>Figures 28; 50; 88; 93; 101; 104; 110</p>
            <p> Telagrion quadricolor Ris 1918: 136 -137, fig. 77 (diagnosis from  T. oreas , description of male, illustration of S10). Schmidt 1942: 240 (mention from Peru). </p>
            <p> Kimmins 1945: 189 (comparison with  T. prothoracicum ). Rácenis 1959b: 472 (mention from Peru). </p>
            <p>St. Quentin 1960: 48 (key for males).</p>
            <p> Santos 1965: 9 (possible placement in  Leptagrion ). Davies &amp; Tobin 1984: 94 (synonymic list). </p>
            <p>Garrison 1991: 14 (synonymic list).</p>
            <p>Bridges 1994: VII.196 (synonymic list).</p>
            <p>Steinmann 1997: 358 (synonymic list).</p>
            <p>Tsuda 2000: 50 (synonymic list).</p>
            <p>Lencioni 2004: 92 (mention).</p>
            <p>Types: ɗ holotype in FNS (examined) with following data: "S[an]ta. Ana b[ei] Cuzco/ [Cusco Dept.] PERU — 2300 m./p. [A.H.] Fassl 1911"; (Senckenberg Register No. 10763).</p>
            <p>Other specimens examined: PERU. Cusco Dept.: Quebrada Morro Leguía, km 135, road between Paucartambo and Atalaya, 2250 m, collected from water held in bromeliad bracteae, 21.vi.1993, J.A. Louton &amp; R.W. Garrison leg., 1 ɗ adult and its larval exuviae (emerged 23.vii.1993, ex bromeliad B-7), 1 Ψ partially out of exuviae, died while emerging (RWG).</p>
            <p> Characterization. Medial lobe of male posterior lobe of prothorax slightly constricted at base, subquadrate, with shallow medial concavity on posterior margin (Fig. 28 a; as in  O. acutum and  O. oreas ); of female not constricted at base, smoothly rounded lacking medial concavity on posterior margin (Fig. 28 c). Distal segment of genital ligula (Fig. 50) approximately as wide at apex as at base, with a pair of latero-apical lobes recurved and directed basally, a pair of small accessory latero-medial lobes, and two ental membranous transverse folds (as in  O. acutum and  O. thelkterion ). Dorsal process of male cercus much shorter than ventral process represented by a pointed tooth (Figs. 88; 93; unique). Male dorsum of S1 anteriorly dull reddish, posteriorly blackish; of S2 dull reddish, darker anteriorly; of S3–5 orange-red, gradually turning yellow toward lateral margins, terminal dorsal blackish spot of about 1/6 of segment length; of S6 orange-red with black posterior spot to entirely black; of S7 black, laterally pale orange; of S8 entirely blue or with two longitudinal wide black stripes along two thirds of its length, sides on anterior 2/3 dull orange, of posterior 1/3 blue; of S9 blue; of S10 black. </p>
            <p> Diagnosis. This species is unique by cercus morphology (Figs. 88; 93), which is similar to  O. oreas (Figs. 89; 94) and is diagnosed under that species. </p>
            <p>Description of last stadium larva. Head (Fig. 101 a). Pale brown with pale ocellar rounded spots on dorsum; trapezoidal, ca. 1.8 times as wide as long, with posterior margin concave. Antenna 7-segmented with third antennomere the longest (Fig. 101 b). Prementum (Fig. 101 e) 0.72–0.83 times as wide as long, with 2 setae on each side and with 3–4 short latero-apical setae; ligula bluntly triangular and finely crenulated along entire margin. Labial palp (Fig. 101 f) with 5–6 setae along inner margin and with 6 small distal teeth (2–3 larger medial and 3–4 smaller outer ones) in addition to inner tooth. Articulation of pre- and postmentum midway between bases of coxae 1 and 2. Mandibles (Figs. 101 c–d) with following formula: L 1'1234 a b, R 1234 y a b.</p>
            <p>Thorax. Wing pads reaching mid-length of abdominal S4 (male) to posterior margin of S5 (female). Legs pale brown except distal end of tibiae and distal tarsi darker brown.</p>
            <p>Abdomen. Pale brown with a narrow medio-longitudinal pale line along S2–9. Male cerci bilobate (Figs. 101 h, k); female cerci conical with an apical blunt point (Figs. 101 i–j). Male and female gonapophyses acutely pointed (Figs. 101 g–i) with a medio-longitudinal row of setae, female gonapophyses extending to posterior margin of S10 (Fig. 101 i). Lateral caudal lamella broadly lanceolate, pale, with faint and scarcely branched tracheae (Fig. 101 g), about as long as 0.30 times abdomen length.</p>
            <p>Dimensions (measurements of male followed by those for female in parentheses when available). Total length without appendages: 13.00 mm; prementum length: 2.65 mm (3.25 mm); prementum maximum width: 2.20 mm (2.35 mm); femur I: 2.00 mm (2.10 mm); femur II: 2.90 mm (3.00 mm); femur III: 3.60 mm (3.80 mm); tibia I: 2.50 mm (2.60 mm); tibia II: 2.90 mm (3.00 mm); tibia III: 3.50 mm (3.70 mm); inner wing pads: 4.30 mm (5.30 mm); external wing pads: 4.70 mm (5.10 mm); abdomen length without appendages: 8.50 mm; lateral caudal lamellae: 2.50 mm.</p>
            <p> Diagnosis. The last larval stadium of  Oreiallagma quadricolor is similar to known species of  Mesamphiagrion and  Cyanallagma . The ultimate stadium larvae of  M. gaianii (De Marmels 1997) ,  M. laterale and  M. tamaense (De Marmels 2007) ,  C. bonariense and  C. interruptum (Bulla 1973) have been described to date.  Oreiallagma quadricolor differs from all of them by (alternative states in parentheses): head more elongated transversely, ca. 1.80 times as wide as long (versus ca. 1.50–1.60), with occipital lobes less prominent (more prominent); two premental setae on each side (three to five); and dorso-posterior margin of S10 smoothly rounded (with a marked 'u' cleft). The left mandible lacks a 'y' tooth (with an accessory 'y' tooth tooth at the base of outer most incisor in  M. laterale , only species for which mandibles have been described), and front femur is longer than distance between compound eyes (shorter in  M. gaianii , only species for which head and legs were illustrated). </p>
            <p> Remarks. Caution should be exercised in applying differences we note here based on only two specimens. Whether differences we ascribe here between the larva of  Oreiallagma quadricolor ,  Cyanallagma , and  Mesamphiagrion are of generic value will be determined only when more larvae become known. As stated above, we suspect all species of  Oreiallagma breed in phytotelmata and their relatively long abdomen is an adaptation for oviposition in deep containers (as for species of  Pseudostigmatidae ,  Bromeliagrion De Marmels 2005 ,  Diceratobasis Kennedy 1920 , and  Leptagrion ). </p>
            <p>Biology. Larvae found in water-filled bromeliad reservoirs (Figs. 110 -111).</p>
            <p>Distribution. Peru (Cusco Dept.), from 2250 to 2300 m above sea level (Fig. 104).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03ED87D9FF96BE60A9D1A174FB5D605B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ellenrieder, Natalia Von;Garrison, Rosser W.	Ellenrieder, Natalia Von, Garrison, Rosser W. (2008): Oreiallagma gen. nov. with a redefinition of Cyanallagma Kennedy 1920 and Mesamphiagrion Kennedy 1920, and the description of M. dunklei sp. nov. and M. ecuatoriale sp. nov. from Ecuador (Odonata: Coenagrionidae). Zootaxa 1805: 1-51, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182666
03ED87D9FF97BE7FA9D1A52CFF1C6723.text	03ED87D9FF97BE7FA9D1A52CFF1C6723.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oreiallagma thelkterion (De Marmels 1997) De Marmels 1997	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Oreiallagma thelkterion (De Marmels 1997) comb. nov.</p>
            <p>Figures 5; 8a; 29; 49; 86; 91; 104</p>
            <p> Cyanallagma thelkterion De Marmels 1997: 138 –139, 152–156, figs. 7, 13, 19, 31, 38, 43, 49, 63, 64, 70, 82; in key for northern  Cyanallagma species, description of male and female, illustrations of male S10, genital ligula, posterior lobe of prothorax of male and female, pterothorax, FW pt, male S6–10 and female S8–10, map). Tsuda 2000: 31 (synonymic list). </p>
            <p>Types: ɗ holotype in MIZA (not examined); 4 ɗ paratypes, 1 Ψ paratype (MIZA); 1 ɗ paratype (RWG) (examined).</p>
            <p>Specimens examined.: VENEZUELA. Mérida State: Monte Zerpa, Santa Rosa Experimental Station, 29.iii.1992, C. Chaboo leg., 1 ɗ paratype (RWG).</p>
            <p> Characterization. Medial lobe of male posterior lobe of prothorax heart-shaped, markedly constricted at base, with a moderate medial concavity on posterior margin, and with each lateral lobe bilobate (Fig. 29 a; as in  O. prothoracicum ); of female not constricted at base and with moderate medial concavity on posterior margin (Fig. 29 b). Distal segment of genital ligula (Fig. 49) wider at apex than at base (unique), with a pair of latero-apical lobes recurved and directed basally, a small sclerotized latero-medial lobe, and two ental membranous transverse folds, one connecting latero-medial lobes and the second basal to them (as in  O. acutum and  O. quadricolor ), the latter medially projected into an inner process (unique; Fig. 49 c). Dorsal process of male cercus shorter than ventral process, digitiform, and pointed (Figs. 86; 91; unique). Male dorsum of S1–3 reddish orange to dark brown; of S4 reddish orange to black; of S5–7 and S10 black; of S8–9 blue (Fig. 5). Female dorsum of S2–3 orange; of S4–7 and S10 successively darker brown; of S8 black with posterior blue spot; of S9 blue with anterior black spot. </p>
            <p> Diagnosis. This species, unique by cercus morphology, is diagnosed under  O. acutum . </p>
            <p> Biology. Adults collected in the neighborhood of ponds rich in riparian vegetation in Trujillo State (De Marmels 1997) and within cloud forest away from water in Táchira state (De Marmels pers. comm.); larva unknown, although we suspect that like  O. quadricolor it will be found to breed in phytotelmata. </p>
            <p>Distribution. Venezuela (Trujillo, Mérida, and Táchira States), from 1650 to 2050 m above sea level (Fig. 104).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03ED87D9FF97BE7FA9D1A52CFF1C6723	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ellenrieder, Natalia Von;Garrison, Rosser W.	Ellenrieder, Natalia Von, Garrison, Rosser W. (2008): Oreiallagma gen. nov. with a redefinition of Cyanallagma Kennedy 1920 and Mesamphiagrion Kennedy 1920, and the description of M. dunklei sp. nov. and M. ecuatoriale sp. nov. from Ecuador (Odonata: Coenagrionidae). Zootaxa 1805: 1-51, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182666
